OA21060A - Fireproof polymer additive, method of its production and application. - Google Patents
Fireproof polymer additive, method of its production and application. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- OA21060A OA21060A OA1202200465 OA21060A OA 21060 A OA21060 A OA 21060A OA 1202200465 OA1202200465 OA 1202200465 OA 21060 A OA21060 A OA 21060A
- Authority
- OA
- OAPI
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- polymer additive
- fact
- mass
- fireproof polymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphono dihydrogen phosphate;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IUTYMBRQELGIRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OB(O)O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IUTYMBRQELGIRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical group NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ACRQLFSHISNWRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-phenoxybenzene Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 ACRQLFSHISNWRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate Chemical compound [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTWNYYOXLSILQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediamine Chemical compound NCN RTWNYYOXLSILQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 respectively Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Fireproof polymer additive is created from the non-toxic components in such a way that the melt of waterless mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and preferably melamine and/or urea, too, is produced, with temperature ranging from 240 °C to 350 °C; the common melt is maintained at the said temperature for at least 30 seconds, subsequently it is left to cool and the solidified melt is disintegrated into particles smaller than 200 pm, preferably smaller than 50 pm, especially preferably smaller than 10 pm. Each of the two components can at the entry form 5 to 95% of the mass of the final mixture. In case of the realization with three or four components, each of the components can at the entry form 5 to 50% of the mass of the final mixture. The fireproof polymer additive is added to the basic material in ratio of 1 % to 80% of the share of the mass of the resulting matter; it can be added into a thermoplastic or into some component of the epoxy resin or polyester resin or vinyl ester resin, or into polyurethane base or into elastomeric rubber or bioplastic. Fireproof polymer additive is highly fire resistant and smoke resistant.
Description
FIREPROOF POLYMER ADDITIVE, METHOD OF ITS PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION
Field of technoloçiv
The invention concerns a new polymer additive with high efficacy of suppression of smoke émission during the burning ofthe basic materiai. The basic materiai where the additive can be added is a whole range of plastics, resins, consolidators or Chemical reagents. The invention discloses a new method of production of fireproof polymer additive, which provides a substance for universal use, mainly in loose form or powder form, which can be easily mixed into the basic materiai.
Prior state of the art
In the past, a compound on the basis of bromine (for example, pentabromodiphenyl ether) was generally applicable as a fireproof additive. Because such additives are highly toxic, their use diminishes. A use, for example, of boric acid (H3BO3, CAS No 10043-35-3) was wtdespread, even as far as 20% mass share. Boric acid is an inorganic acid that can be, pursuant to long-term studies, toxic, especially at high concentrations. Solutions are known which use other dangerous substances as retardants, such as CN102924868 (A), or they use substances which dégradé the original physical-mechanical features of the original materiai.
A solution which uses ammonium polyphosphate and melamine in préparations for the increase of the fire résistance is known. The effects of such substances in independent fireproof applications hâve been sufficiently explored. Such substances are known, in the applications, as insoluble powders. For their use, as well as their use together with other substances in the basic materials, in this préférable to create a multiple addition without dangerous by-product. Pursuant to invention JPS58222146, a use of pentaerythritol and ammonium polyphosphate for the increase of résistance of polyuréthane against fire is known.
Publications DE4234374, DE10047024 disclose a use of melamine, but in order to achieve sufficient fire résistance it is necessary to increase the share of melamine to the level which negatively affects other mechanical and Chemical features of the resulting materiai.
A use of an urea as a fire retardant or as a component of the extinguishing substances is known, such as pursuant to publications US6444718B1, WO8908137A1.
Publication CA2169634A1 discloses a use of an urea as a fire retardant for plastics.
Published application WO/2017/179029 discloses a polymerization of the water solutions of pentaerythritol and ammonium polyphosphate, which partially solves the problems with préparation of the highly efficient fireproof additive. Publication WO/2016/207870 likewise discloses heating and mixing of the water solutions of pentaerythritol and ammonium polyphosphate and subséquent addition of the melamine, The resulting solution after polymerization is dried in order to get a dry granulate.
A new method of production ofthe fireproof additive is desired and not known, where a new, more effective fireproof and also smokeproof additive is obtained from the tried and tested components. A new fireproof additive shall contain not only substances without any dangerous effects pursuant to ail known studies, but the new method shall be simple, universally applicable with various ratios of components.
Essence ofthe invention
The abovementioned deficiencies in the prior State of the art are significantly remedied by the polymer additive in the loose form according to this invention which essence lies in the fact that it is formed by the milled mixed melt of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol. The mixing of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol on the water basis is known in the prior art, however, this leads to limitation of the température of the polymerization to the boiling température of the water. The significant feature of the proposed invention is the increase of the température of polymerization of the two entry components compared to the polymerization of water solutions, which is accompanied by a different results of the Products of the polymerization, as far as the scope of individual components is concerned, too. In the préférable arrangement, a third component can be added into polymerization; this component being melamine and/or urea.
Melamine and/or urea are also in the waterless state melted into melt. In such case the fireproof polymer additive is in the loose state formed by a milled mixed melt of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol and melamine and/or urea. The term “melt” in this text dénotés a melted substance, that is, melted solid or loose substance, respectively, or mixture of solid substances.
The loose form of the fireproof polymer additive is advantageous due to its universal use in various applications. A granulation below 200 pm, more preferably below 50 pm, especially preferably below 10 pm, proved préférable.
Each of two components at the entry can form from 5 to 90 % of the mass of the resulting mixture. In case the mixture is produced out of three or four components, each of the three or four components can, at the entry, from 5 to 50% of the mass of the resulting mixture.
Deficiencies in the prior State of the art are significantly remedied by the method of production of the fireproof polymer additive in the loose form itself, too, whereby in this method a polymerization of the chains from the entry components takes place and the entry components are ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol, according to this invention, which essence lies in the fact that the entry components are in the waterless form heated to the température ranging from 240 °C to 350 °C while the melt is produced; the common mixed melt is maintained at the température ranging from 240 °C to 350 °C for at least 30 seconds; subsequently it is left to cool and the solidified melt is disintegrated to particles smaller than 200 pm, preferably smaller than 50 pm, especially preferably smaller than 10 pm. In the preferably arrangement the method includes the polymerization in the melt with the added melamine and/or urea.
Ammonium polyphosphate [NH4 PChJn is used as a food additive, emulsifier (E545). It is also used as a halogen-free fire retardant. Pursuant to the level of polymerization there are two main groups of ammonium polyphosphate: crystalline phase I APP and crystalline phase II APP. Phase I ammonium polyphosphate’s chain is short and linear (n<100), more sensitive to water and less thermally stable; it begins to disintegrate at températures above 150 °C. Phase II ammonium polyphosphate has high level of polymerization at n>1000, its structure is crosslinked (branched) and has higher thermal stability; its disintegration begins are approximately 285 °C to 300 °C and its solubility in water is also higher than in case of phase i APP.
Pentaerythritol, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)1,3-propanediol, C5H12O4, CAS 115-775, is white crystalline powder, tetravalent monotopic alcohol. It is used forthe production of alkyd resins, emulsifiers, explosives, paints, synthetic lubricating oils. It is considered an ecological substitute for poîyvinylchlorobiphenyls (PCB).
Melamine, 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazinel summary formula Ca-He-Ns, CAS 10878-1, is used mainly to produce plastics and nitrogenous fertiiizers. Melamine is not toxic in small amounts. Pursuant to its undesired presence in the food, melamine is described as harmful, but the level of toxicity in the food is comparable to the kitchen sait, itsurpasses 3g per kilogram ofthe live weight ofthe individual. Seen this way, the use of melamine as an additive pursuant to this invention is harmless.
Urea (diaminomethane, carbonyl amide, carbonic acid diamide) is an organic compound ofcarbon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen. The summaryformula ofthe urea is CON2H4, constitutional formula is NH2-CO-NH2., CAS number is 57-13-6.
An important advantage of the proposed invention is the obtaining of the highly efficient fireproof and smokeproof additive with the use of harmless entry substances, whereby the polymerization in the environment ofthe waterless melt produces a new substance or new group of substances, respectively. After the milling of the cooled melt the fireproof polymer additive has a final form of a powder which can be preferably mixed into various basic materials. The fact that if the entry components hâve a boiling température more than 240 °C - in case of phase II ammonium polyphosphate it is more than 280 °C -, then the resulting melt and powder which results from the milling of said melt hâve boiling température at the level of 175 °C, attests to the production of a new substance or the new group of substances, respectively.
In one arrangement, the method can at first include mixing ofthe unheated entry components in the dry, waterless State, where this components are mechanically mixed and the resulting mixture of the solid particles is boiled to the point of melt in which the polymerization takes place. In another arrangement each entry component can be heated independently while the melt is produced and subsequently the liquid forms of entry components are mixed into the common melt in which the polymerization takes place. A method is also possible where the brought entry components are placed into a common vessel where they are at the same time mixed and heated, which causes a mixing ofthe dry mixtures at first and then, gradually, the mixing ofthe melt of individual components into a common melt. The common melt has a température of 240 °C to 350 °C for at least 30 seconds so that the polymerization into a final product takes place.
The structural formula of the final product cannot be exactly determined, since the final product is probably formed by a large number of components, even pursuant to the chosen mutual ratio of the individual components, which can vary a lot.
Two entry components can hâve a following ratio to the resulting mass of the melt:
• ammonium polyphosphate from 5% to 95% of the mass, • pentaerythritol from 5% to 95% of the mass, for example, in particular:
entry component | method no. 1 | method no. 2 | method no. 3 |
ammonium polyphosphate | 50% of the mass | 25% of the mass | 75% of the mass |
pentaerythritol | 50% of the mass | 75% of the mass | 25% of the mass |
In case of realization with three or four entry components, the entry components can hâve a following ratio to the resulting mass of the melt:
• ammonium polyphosphate from 5% to 50% of the mass, · pentaerythritol from 5% to 50% of the mass, • melamine and/or urea from 5% to 50% of the mass for example, in particular:
entry component | method no, 1 50% of the mass | method no. 2 | method no. 3 |
ammonium polyphosphate | 34% of the mass | 25% of the mass | |
pentaerythritol | 25% of the mass | 33% of the mass | 25% of the mass |
melamine | 25% of the mass | 33% of the mass | 50% of the mass |
or:
entry component | method no. 1 | method no. 2 | method no, 3 |
ammonium polyphosphate | 50% of the mass | 34% ofthe mass | 25% of the mass |
pentaerythritol | 25% of the mass | 33% ofthe mass | 25% ofthe mass |
urea | 25% of the mass | 33% ofthe mass | 50% ofthe mass |
entry component | method no. 1 | method no, 2 | method no. 3 |
ammonium polyphosphate | 50% of the mass | 25% ofthe mass | 20% of the mass |
pentaerythritol | 20% ofthe mass | 25% ofthe mass | 20% of the mass |
melamine | 15% ofthe mass | 25% ofthe mass | 30% ofthe mass |
urea | 15% of the mass | 25% of the mass | 30% ofthe mass |
Melamine can be melamine cyanurate or melamine borate or melamine polyphosphate or melamine diphosphate or melamine pyrophosphate or melamine phosphate.
Disintegration of the melt can take place after cooling below 150 °C, preferably after cooling to the température of the environment. The disintegration can include milling, cutting, crushing, grinding or similar mechanical treatment, for example in a bail mill, whereby it will be préférable if the milled matter is separated in a sieves of various sizes in order to achieved the desired granulometry.
Fireproof polymer additive prevents the process of burning also in such a way that it releases, around the cores in the basic matter into which it is applied, COz and nitrogenous gases. Nitrogen, led to the melt mainly by adding melamine, significantly diminishes the smokyness and flammability of the basic material. A combination of two or three or four entry components in the resulting polymer allows not only for achievement of a high fire résistance and decrease in smokyness, but the mechanical features of the basic material are maintained or improved, too. A significant decrease in the smokyness is achieved already with a small share of the fireproof polymer additive in the basic material.
Tests to identify éléments and substances by EDS, FTIR, TD-GC-MS methods proved that there is at least partial polymerization in the melt; that precursors and dérivâtes ofthe entry components are produced. Even though no structural formulas of the essential parts ofthe new substance hâve been determined, tests proved strong fire résistant and smoke résistant effect, clearly surpassing the summary effects ofthe entry components.
Fireproof polymer additive can be applied as a powder mixed into the granuiate ofthe thermoplasticwhen it is injected into the mold, or it can be mixed into a thermoset plastic, or it can be mixed into some component of the epoxy resin or polyester resin or vinyl ester resin, or into polyuréthane base or into elastomeric rubber or bioplastic, whereby the share of the fireproof polymer additive in the final product can range from 1% to 80% of the mass.
An application of the fireproof polymer additive into the basic material, which is during the production ofthe final product treated at the température higher than 175 °C
- where the particles of the mixed fireproof polymer additive are melted - is especially préférable.
Ail entry components as well as the final product are registered in REACH as substances without any harmful effects on a man. That means that the method of polymerization and combination of safe substances, which lead to high fire résistance even at low costs and low energy consumption of the process, has been invented. The invention has high fireproof effects and it uses non-toxic substances.
Brief description of drawings
The invention is further disclosed by means of figure 1, which shows a thermogravimetric melting curve of the fireproof polymer additive with three entry components. The highest measured température of melting at 177,8 °C shows a création of a new substance different from the entry components, whose melting température is above 240 °C. The depicted particular peak ofthe curve isfor illustration purposes only - it is related to the particular chosen ration ofthe entry components and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection.
Examples of realization
Example 1
In this example two components ofthe melt are weighed and chosen followingly: ammonium polyphosphate în amount of 50 mass parts, pentaerythritol in amount of 50 mass parts. The entry components in loose, waterless form are placed into the common vessel where they are mixed and subsequently heated beyond 285 °C, whereby a common melt is produced which is mixed and maintained at the température beyond 285 °C for at least two minutes. Subsequently the melt of the new created substance is left to cool. The melt of the new substance solidifies at the température below 175 °C. In this example the cooling continues until the température of the environment is reached. Subsequently, the solidified matter of the melt is milled in bail mill and then it proceeds to the separating sieve with 50 pm, whereby the larger particles return to the bail mill.
Resulting fireproof polymer additive in the loose powder State is packed into bags and subsequently added to the granulate of thermoplastic before its injection into a mold where at least partial melting of the fireproof polymer additive takes place at températures beyond 175 ÛC.
Example 2
In this example three components of the melt are weighed and chosen followingly: ammonium polyphosphate in amount of 50 mass parts, pentaerythritol in amount of 30 mass parts and melamine in the amount of 20 mass parts. The entry components in loose, watertess form are placed into the common vessel where they are mixed and subsequently heated beyond 270 °C, whereby a common melt is produced which is mixed and maintained at the température beyond 270 °C for at least three minutes. Subsequently the melt of the new created substance is left to cool. The melt ofthe new substance solidifies at the température below 175 °C, pursuantto figure 1. In this example the cooling continues until the température of the environment is reached. Subsequently, the solidified matter ofthe melt is milled in bail mill and then it proceeds to the separating sieve with 100 pm.
Resulting fireproof polymer additive in the loose powder State is packed into bags and subsequently added to the granulate of thermoplastic before its injection into a mold where at least partial melting of the fireproof polymer additive takes place at températures beyond 175 °C.
Example 3
In this example three components of the melt are weighed and chosen followingly: ammonium polyphosphate in amount of 40 mass parts, pentaerythritol in amount of 40 mass parts and melamine in the amount of 20 mass parts.
Entry components are independently melted at températures beyond 250 °C and subsequently mixed into the common melt, where polymerization takes place for at least 5 minutes. The melt of the resulting substance is cooled and disintegrated into fraction below 10 pm.
Example 4
In this example three components of the melt are weighed and chosen followingly: ammonium polyphosphate in amount of 40 mass parts, pentaerythritol in amount of 20 mass parts and urea in the amount of 30 mass parts.
Entry components are independently melted at températures beyond 240 °C and subsequently mixed into the common melt, where polymerization takes place for at least 5 minutes. The melt of the resulting substance is cooled and disintegrated into fraction below 50 pm.
Example 5
In this example four components ofthe melt are weighed and chosen followingly: ammonium polyphosphate in amount of 30 mass parts, pentaerythritol in amount of 20 mass parts, melamine in the amount of 25 mass parts and urea in the amount of 25 mass parts.
Entry components are melted together at température beyond 260 °C while they are continuously mixed, whereby the polymerization takes place in the common melt for at least 4 minutes. The melt of the resulting substance is cooled and disintegrated into fraction below 200 pm.
Example 6
Fireproof polymer additive in the loose state with the fraction below 5 pm is mixed into one of the two components of the epoxy resin with a share of 20% of the mass within an overall mass of the resulting epoxy resin. The epoxy resin is used in the electrotechnics industry, it has high fire résistance and even with a fire exposure it shows no smokyness.
Example 7
In this example three components of the melt are weighed and chosen followingly: ammonium polyphosphate in amount of 34 mass parts, pentaerythritol in amount of 33 mass parts and melamine in the amount of 33 mass parts. The resulting melt of the new substance solidifies at the température below 175 °C.
Industrial applicability
Industrial applicability of the invention is obvious. According to this invention it is possible to industrially and repeatedly produce and use fireproof polymer additive with high efficacy, which has no toxic components.
Claims (22)
1. A fireproof polymer additive in a loose form is characterized by the f a c t , that it is formed by at least partial polymerization of a common waterless melt of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol.
2. The fireproof polymer additive in the loose form, according to the claim 1, i s characterized by the fact, that each of the two entry components has at an entry a share of 5% to 95% of a mass of the resulting additive.
3. The fireproof polymer additive in the loose form, according to the claim 1 or 2, i s characterized by the fact, that it is formed by at least partial polymerization of the common melt of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine and/or a urea.
4. The fireproof polymer additive in the loose form, according to the claim 3, i s characterized by the fact, that each of the three or four entry components has at the entry the share of 5 to 50% of the mass of the resulting additive.
5. The fireproof polymer additive in the loose form, according to any ofthe claims 1 to 4, is characterized by the fact, that ammonium polyphosphate is ammonium polyphosphate of a second crystalline phase.
6. The fireproof polymer additive in the loose form, according to any of the claims 1 to 5, is characterized by the fact, that it has a granulation below 200 pm, preferably below 50 pm, especially preferably below 10 pm.
7. A method of a production of a fireproof polymer additive in a loose form, where a polymerization of chains from entry components takes place, and where the entry components are ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol, i s characterized by the fact, that the entry components in a waterless form are heated to a température ranging from 240 °C to 350 °C as a melt is produced, the common mixed melt is maintained at the température ranging from 240 °C to 350 °C for at least 30 seconds; subsequently the melt is left to cool and the solidified melt is disintegrated into particles.
8. The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to the claim7, is characterized by the fact, thatammonium polyphosphate is ammonium polyphosphate of a second crystalline phase and the entry components are heated to the température ranging from 285 °C to 350 °C.
io
9 . The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to the claim 7 or 8, is characterized by the fact, that the entry components form following share in a resulting matter of the melt: ammonium polyphosphate from 5% to 95% of the mass; pentaerythritol from 5% to 95% ofthe mass.
10 .The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 7 to 9, is characterized by the fact, that melamine dissolved from the loose waterless form at the heightened température is part ofthe common melt.
11 .The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to the claim 10, is characterized by the fact, that melamine is melamine cyanurate or melamine borate or melamine polyphosphate or melamine diphosphate or melamine pyrophosphate or melamine phosphate.
12 . The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 7 to 11, is characterized by the fact, that a urea dissolved from the loose or solid waterless form at the heightened température is part of the common melt.
13 .The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 10 to 12, i s characterized by the fact, that the entry components form following share in a resulting matter of the melt: ammonium polyphosphate from 5% to 50% ofthe mass; pentaerythritol from 5% to 50% of the mass; melamine and/or the urea from 5% to 50% of the mass.
14 . The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 7 to 13, i s characterized by the fact, that the cooled melt is disintegrated into particles smaller than 200 pm, preferably smaller than 50 pm, especially preferably smaller than 10 pm.
15 .The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 7 to 14, i s characterized by the fact, that, firstly, the unheated entry components in the dry waterless state are mechanically mixed and subsequently a mixture of a solid particles of the entry components is heated to the melt.
16 .The method of the production ofthe fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 7to14, is characterized by the fact, that at least one entry component is independently heated until it melts and n
subsequently the liquid forms of the entry components are mixed into the common melt,
17 . The method ofthe production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 7to14, is characterized by the fact, that the entry components are placed into a common vessel where they are simultaneously mixed and heated, which causes, firstly, mixing ofthe dry mixtures and, subsequently, the mixing ofthe meltof individual components into the common melt.
18 .The method of the production of the fireproof polymer additive, according to any of the claims 7to17, is characterized by the fact, that the melt is disintegrated after cooling below 150 °C, preferably after the cooling to the température of an environment.
19 .A method of an application of the fireproof polymer additive produced according to any ofthe claims 7 to 18, i s characterized by the fact, that it is added to a basic material in a ratio of 1 % to 80% of the mass of the final matter.
20 . The method of the application according to the claim 19, i s characterized by the fact, that it is added to the plastic basic material with the melting température less than 175 °C and subsequently during a treatment of the plastic basic material it is at least partially melted.
21 .The method of the application according to the claim 19, i s characterized by the fact, that it is mixed into a granulate of a thermoplastic before its injection into a mold.
22 .The method of the application according to the claim 19, i s characterized by the fact, that it is mixed into a thermoset plastic or into some component of an epoxy resin or a polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin, or it is mixed into polyuréthane base or into an elastomeric rubber or a bioplastic.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SKSKPP50024-2020 | 2020-05-05 | ||
SKSKPP50023-2020 | 2020-05-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
OA21060A true OA21060A (en) | 2023-10-09 |
Family
ID=
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Schirp et al. | Effectiveness of pre-treated wood particles and halogen-free flame retardants used in wood-plastic composites | |
Levchik et al. | Phosphorus oxynitride: a thermally stable fire retardant additive for polyamide 6 and poly (butylene terephthalate) | |
CN102304285B (en) | Halogen-free high-efficiency fire retarding composition and preparation method thereof | |
CN103012904A (en) | Halogen-free flame-retardant master batch | |
CN107760023A (en) | A kind of glass fiber enhanced nylon halogen-free flameproof compound system and its application | |
OA21060A (en) | Fireproof polymer additive, method of its production and application. | |
US20230174865A1 (en) | Fireproof polymer additive, method of its production and application | |
JP7477125B2 (en) | Highly flame-retardant halogen-free flame-retardant composition system with high temperature and shear resistance and use thereof | |
KR20070091037A (en) | Fire-retardant composition | |
Akar et al. | Fire-retardant and smoke-suppressant rigid polyurethane foam composites | |
SK500342015A3 (en) | Process for producing polymer antifire ingredients and antifire polymer | |
EP3947601B1 (en) | Non-flammable hypophosphite metal salt based powders and their use as flame retardant ingredients | |
SK500232020A3 (en) | Fireproof polymer additive, method of its production and application | |
SK500242020A3 (en) | Fireproof polymer additive, method of its production and application | |
SK500182015A3 (en) | Fireproof additive for polyurethane material, fireproof polyurethane and method of preparing fireproof additive | |
CN1244621C (en) | Nitrogen-phosphorus fire retardant and its preparation method | |
Üreyen | The combined effect of organic phosphinate based flame retardant and zinc borate on the fire behavior of poly (Butylene Terephthalate) | |
PL238541B1 (en) | Composition of substances reducing the smoke emission of polymers during the burning process | |
RU2637955C1 (en) | Fluorine-containing polyamide composition with reduced combustibility | |
Obidiegwu | Flammability properties of low density polyethylene/wood fibre composites | |
CN116535864B (en) | Intumescent flame retardant containing polyaminocyclotriphosphazene and Sik modified melamine resin and preparation method thereof | |
CN102241895B (en) | Environment-friendly flame-retardant nylon 6 nano composite material and preparation method thereof | |
CN104744766A (en) | Flame-retardant modified polyethylene powder | |
PL219632B1 (en) | Prepared styrene polymers and method for the preparation of styrene polymers | |
Hu et al. | Promotion effect of melamine on flame retardancy of epoxy resins containing caged bicyclic phosphate |