OA20994A - Mixtures comprising indazole pesticides - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are compositions comprising compounds of Formula I and compounds of Formula II

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having,” “contains”, “containing,” “characterized by” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, subject to any limitation explicitly indicated. For example, a composition, mixture, process or method that comprises a list of éléments is not necessarily limited to only those éléments but may include other éléments not expressly listed or inhérent to such composition, mixture, process or method.

The transitional phrase “consisting of ’ excludes any element, step, or ingrédient not specifted. If in the claim, such would close the claim to the inclusion of materials other than those recited except for impurities ordinarily associated therewith. When the phrase “consisting of ’ appears in a clause of the body of a claim, rather than immediately following the preamble, it limits only the element set forth in that clause; other éléments are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

The transitional phrase “consisting essentially of ’ is used to define a composition or method that includes materials, steps, features, components, or éléments, in addition to those literally disclosed, provided that these additional materials, steps, features, components, or éléments do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of the claims. The term “consisting essentîally of’ occupies a middle ground between “comprising” and “consisting of

Where applicants hâve defined an embodiment or a portion thereof with an openended term such as “comprising,” it should be readily understood that (unless otherwise stated) the description should be interpreted to also descrîbe such an embodiment using the ternis “consisting essentîally of ’ or “consisting of.”

Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or présent) and B is false (or not présent), A is false (or not présent) and B is true (or présent), and both A and B are true (or présent).

Also, the indefinite articles “a” and “an” preceding an element or component of the disclosure are intended to be nonrestrictive regarding the number of instances (i.e. occurrences) of the element or component. Therefore “a” or “an” should be read to include one or at least one, and the sîngular word fonn of the element or component also încludes the plural unless the number is obviously meant to be singular.

As referred to in this disclosure, the term “invertebrate pest” încludes arthropode, gastropods, nematodes and helminths of économie importance as pests. The term “artliropod” încludes insects, mites, spiders, scorpions, centipedes, millipedes, pill bugs and syniphylans. The term “gastropod” încludes snails, slugs and other Stylommatophora. The tenn “nematode” încludes members of the phylum Nematoda, such as phytophagous nematodes and helminth nematodes parasitizîng animais. The term “helminth” încludes ah of the parasitic worms, such as round wonns (phylum Nematoda), heartworms (phylum Nematoda, class Secernentea), flukes (phylum Platyhehninthes, class Tematoda), acanthocephalans (phylum Acanthocephala), and tapeworms (phylum Platyhelminthes, class Cestoda).

In the context of this disclosure “invertebrate pest control” means inhibition of invertebrate pest development (including mortality, feedîng réduction, and/or mating disruption), and related expressions are defined analogously.

The term “agronomie” refers to the production of field crops such as for food and fiber and încludes the growth of maize or corn, soybeans and other legumes, ri ce, cereal (e.g., wheat, oats, barley, rye and rice), ieafy vegetables (e.g., lettuce, cabbage, and other cole crops), fruiting vegetables (e.g., tomatoes, pepper, eggplant, crucifers and cucurbits), potatoes, sweet potatoes, grapes, cotton, tree fruits (e.g., pome, stone and citrus), small fruit (e.g., bernes and cherries) and other speciaity crops (e.g., canola, sunflower and olives).

The terni “nonagronomic” refers to other than field crops, such as horticultural crops (e.g., greenhouse, nursery or omamental plants not grown in a field), residential, agricultural, commercial and industrial structures, turf (e.g., sod faim, pasture, golf course, lawn, sports field, etc.), wood products, stored product, agro-forestry and végétation management, public health (i.e. human) and animal health (e.g., domesticated animais such as pets, livestock and poultry, undomesticated animais such as wildlife) applications.

The tenn “crop vigor” refers to rate of growth or biomass accumulation of a crop plant. An “increase in vigor” refers to an increase in growth or biomass accumulation in a crop plant relative to an untreated control crop plant. The terni “crop yield” refers to the retum on crop material, in tenus of both quantity and quality, obtained after harvesting a crop plant. An “increase in crop yield” refers to an increase in crop yield relative to an untreated control crop plant.

The tenu “biologically effective amount” refers to the amount of a biologically active compound (e.g., a compound of Formula I or a compound of Formula II and at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent) sufficient to produce the desired biological effect when applied to (i.e. contacted with) an invertebrate pest to be controlled or îts environment, or to a plant, the seed from which the plant is grown, or the locus ofthe plant (e.g., growth medium) to protect the plant from injury by the invertebrate pest or for other desired effect (e.g,, increasîng plant vigor).

Embodiments of the présent disclosure as described in the Summary include, but are not limited to those described below.

Embodiment 1. A compound of Fonnula I.

Embodiment 2. A compound of Formula I wherein n is 0, 1, or 2

Embodiment 3. A compound of Fonnula I wherein n is 0.

Embodiment 4. A compound of Formula I wherein n is 1.

Embodiment 5. A compound of Formula I wherein n is 2.

Embodiment 6. A compound of Fonnula II wherein R is CH_3; or CF₂H

Embodiment 7. A compound of Fonnula II wherein R îs CH3.

Embodiment 8. A compound of Formula II wherein R is CF₂H.

Embodiment 9. A composition comprising at least one compound according to any one of Embodiments 1-8, or a combination of the foregoing compounds.

Embodiment 10. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 1-9, and at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent different from the compound of Fonnula I or Fonnula II.

Embodiment 11. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 1-10, and at least one additional component selected from surfactants, solid diluents and liquid diluents.

Embodiment 12. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 1-11, at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent, and at least one additional component selected from surfactants, solid diluents and liquid diluents.

Embodiment 13. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 9-12 wherein the compound of Fonnula I or II is selected from A-[l,l-dimethyl-2-(methylthio)ethyl]7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyI)-2Æ-indazole-4-carboxamide, A-[I,l-dimethyl-2(methylsulfmyl)ethyl]-7-ffooro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2//-indazole-4-carboxamide,A-[l,ldimethyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4carboxamide, N-(l-methylcyclopropyl)-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazo]e-4-carboxamide, and jV[l-(difluoromethyl)cycIopropyI]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2/7-Îndazole-4-carboxamide; or a combination of any of the foregoing compounds.

Embodiment 14. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 9-12 wherein the compound of Fonnula I or II is selected from A-[l,l-dimethyl-2-(methylthio)ethyl]-7fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2/7-indazoIe-4-carboxamide, 7V-[ 1,1 -dimethyl-2(methylsulfmyl)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyndinyl)-2//-mdazole-4-carboxamide, and A-[ 1,1dimethyl-2-(methylsuIfonyI)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2/7-indazole-4-carboxamide.

Embodiment 15. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 9-12 wherein the compound of Formula I or II is selected from N-(l -methylcyclopropyi)-2-(3-pyridînyl)2H-indazole-4-carboxamide, and 7V-[ l -(difluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-27/indazole-4-carboxamide.

Embodiment 16. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-15 wherein the pest control compound or agent is selected from an insecticide, fongicide, nematocide, and bactéricide, or a combination of the foregoing.

Embodiment 17. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-16 wherein the pest control compound or agent is an insecticide.

Embodiment 18. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-16 wherein the pest control compound or agent is a fongicide.

Embodiment 17. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-16 wherein the pest control compound or agent is a nematocide.

Embodiment 18. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-16 wherein the pest control compound or agent is a bactéricide.

Embodiment 19. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-18 wherein the at least one additional biologically active compound or agent is selected from abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, acynonapyr, afidopyropen ([(35,4/?,4aA,65,6a5,127?,l 2a5,12b5)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]l,3,4,4a,5₎6,6a,12,I2a,12b-decahydro-6,I2-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-l l-oxo-9-(3pyridinyl)-2/7,l l/7-naphtho[2,1 -è]pyrano[ 3,4-e]pyran-4-yl] methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate), amidoflumet, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azînphos-methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bîstrifluron, borate, broflanilîde, buprofezin, cadusafos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carzol, chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chloroprallethrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrifos-m ethyl, chromafenozide, clofentezin, chloroprallethrin, clothianidin, cyantranili proie (Cyazypyr™) (3-bromo-1 -(3-chloro-2pyridinylj-A^-cyano^-methyl-ô-fimethylamirLOjcarbonylJphenylJ-I/f-pyrazole-Scarboxamide), cyclaniliprole (3-bromo-jV-[2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[[(lcyclopropyIethy1)amino]carbonyl]phenyl]-1-(3-chloiO-2-pyridinyl)-lH-pyrazole-5carboxamide), cyclobutrifluram, cycloprothrin, cycloxaprid ((55,8Æ)-1 -[(6-chloro-3pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-Epoxy-l//-imidazo[l,2-a]azepine), cyenopyrafen, cyetpyrafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalodiamide, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, dîafenthϊιιϊόπ, diazinon, dicloromezotiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dîmefluthrin, dimehypo, dimethoate, dîmpropyridaz, dinotefuran, diofenolan, DiPel®emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-metofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinyl methyl carbonate), flonicamid, fluazaindolizine, flubendiamide, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin (methyl (a£)-2-[[2c hl o ro -4 - (tri fl uo rometh y I)phen oxy] m e th y I ] - a- (m etho x ym ethylene)benzeneacetate), fluensulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-1 -yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), fluhexafon, fluopyram, flupentiofenox, flupiprole (l-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyI]-5-[(2methyl-2-propen-l-yl)amino]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyi]-lZ7-pyrazole-3-carbonitriIe), fliipyradifurone (H[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)rnethyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)aniino]-2(5H)furanone), flupyrimin, fluvaiinate, tau-fluvalinate, fluxametamide, fonophos, formetanate fosthiazate, gamma-cyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(lZ)-3,3,3-trifluoro-I-propen-lyl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insectîcidal soaps, isofenphos, isocycloseram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambdacyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl (17î,35)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,220994 dimethyl cyclopropan ecarboxylate), metaflumizone, métal dehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyfenozide, epsilon-metofluthrin, metronidazole epsilon-momfluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyI]methyl 3(2-cyano-1 -propen-1 -yl)-2,2-dimethyIcyclopropanecarboxylate), nîcofluprole, nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, oxamyl, oxazosulfyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethnn, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pirimicarb, profenofos, profluthrin, propargite, protrifenbute, pyflubumide ( 1,3,5-trimethyI-A/-(2methyl-1 -oxopropyl)-M[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1 -methoxy-1(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyI]-l/Apyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriminostrobin (methyl (a£)-2-[[[2-[(2,4dichlorophenyl)amino]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]rnethyl]-a(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pydiflumetofen, pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spiropidion, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (^-[methyloxido[l-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3Pyridinyl] ethyl]-À⁴-sulfanylidene]cyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-te fluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorantraniliprole, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetram ethyl fluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), tetraniliprole, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, tioxazafen (3-phenyl-5-(2-thienyI)-l,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazamate, trichlorfon, triflumezopyrim (2,4-dioxo-]-(5pyrimidinylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2/Z-pyrido[l,2-i2]pyrimidinium inner sait), triflumuron, tyclopyrazoflor, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis deltaendotoxins, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic viruses, and entomopathogenic fungi.

Embodiment 20. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-19 wherein the at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent is selected from additional biologically active pest control compound or agent, wherein the at least one additional biologically active compound or agent is selected from cyantraniliprole, acetainiprid, imidacloprid, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, chlorantraniliprole, bifenthrin, or indoxacarb. Avermectin, Bacillus spp., any active crystal proteins thereof, Buprofezin, Carbofuran, Chlorfenapyr, Chlorpyrifos, Clothianidin, Cyromazine, Diafenthiuron, Dinotefuran, Emamectin Benzoate, Fîpronil, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, methomyl (Lannate®), Methoxyfenozide, Novaluron, Permethrin, Pyriproxifen,

Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, γ-Cyhalothrin, or Ç-cypermethrin, broflanilide, dimpropyridaz, isocycloseram, tetrachlorantraniliprole, oxazosulfyl, tyclopyrazoflor, flupyrimin, spiropidion, acynonapyr, benzpyrîmoxan, chloroprallethrin, epsilonmetofluthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, dicloromezotiaz, and kappa-tefluthrin.

Embodiment 21. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-20 wherein the at least one addîtional biologically active compound or agent is selected from cyantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, flonicamid, flupyradifurone, imidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, tolfenpyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or indoxacarb.

Embodiment 22. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-21 wherein the compound of Formula I or Formula II is V-[l,l-dimethyl-2-(methylthio)ethyl]-7-fluoro2-(3-pyridinyl)-2//-indazole-4-carboxamide and wherein the at least one addîtional biologically active compound or pest control agent is at least one selected from cyantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, flonicamid, flupyradifurone, imidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, tolfenpyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or indoxacarb.

Embodiment 23. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-21 wherein the compound of Formula I or Formula II is V-[l,l-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfmyl)ethyl]-7fluoro-2-(3-pyridmyl)-2/7-îndazoIe-4-carboxamide and wherein the at least one addîtional biologically active compound or pest control agent is at least one selected from cyantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, flonicamid, flupyradifurone, imidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, tolfenpyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or indoxacarb.

Embodiment 24. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-21 wherein the compound of Formula I or Formula II îs 7V-[l,l-dimethyl-2-(methylsuIfonyl)ethyl]-7fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-27Z-indazoIe-4-carboxamide and wherein the at least one addîtional biologically active compound or pest control agent îs at least one selected from cyantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, flonicamid, flupyradifurone, imidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, tolfenpyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or indoxacarb.

Embodiment 25. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-21 wherein the compound of Formula I or Formula II is N-(l-methylcyclopropyl)-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2Hindazole-4-carboxamide and wherein the at least one addîtional biologically active compound or pest control agent is at least one selected from cyantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos,

DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, flonicamid, flupyradifurone, iniidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, tolfenpyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or indoxacarb.

Embodiment 26. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-21 wherein the compound of Formula I or Formula II is A-[l-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(3pyridinyl)-2//-indazole-4-carboxamide and wherein the at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent is at least one selected from cyantranili proie, chlorpyrifos, DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bifenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, flonicamid, flupyradifurone, imidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, tolfenpyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or indoxacarb.

Embodiment 27. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-26 wherein the weight ratio of the compound of Formula I or the compound of Formula II to the at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent component, is from 10000:1 to 1:50.

Embodiment 28. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-26 wherein the weight ratio of the compound of Fonnula I or the compound of Formula II to the at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent component, is from 100:1 to 1:10.

Embodiment 29. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 10-26 wherein the weight ratio of the compound of Fonnula I or the compound of Formula II to the at least one additional biologically active compound or pest control agent component, is from 1:50 to 5:1.

Embodiment 30. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 9-29 further comprising at least one additional component selected from surfactants, solid diluents, and liquid diluents.

Embodiment 31. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 9-30 further comprising a liquid fertilizer.

Embodiment 32. A composition according to Embodiment 31 wherein the liquid fertilizer is aqueous-based.

Embodiment 33. A soil drench formulation comprising the composition of any one of Embodiments 9-32.

Embodiment 34. A spray composition comprising the composition of any one of Embodiments 9-32.

Embodiment 35. A bait composition comprising the composition of any one of Embodiments 9-32.

Embodiment 36. A bait composition according to Embodiment 35 further comprising one or more food materials.

Embodiment 37. A bait composition according to Embodiment 35 or 36 further comprising an attractant.

Embodiment 38. A bait composition according to any one of Embodiments 35-37 further comprising a humectant.

Embodiment 39. A trap device for controlling an învertebrate pest, comprising the bait composition of any one of Embodiments 35-38 and a housing adapted to receive said bait composition, wherein the housing has at least one opening sîzed to permit the învertebrate pest to pass through the opening so the învertebrate pest can gain access to said bait composition from a location outside the housing, and wherein the housing is further adapted to be placed in or near a locus of potential or known activity for the învertebrate pest.

Embodiment 40. A composition according to any one of Embodiments 9-30 wherein the composition is a solid composition selected from dusts, powders, granules, pellets, prills, pastilles, tablets, and filled films.

Embodiment 41. A composition according to Embodiment 40 wherein the solid composition is water-dispersible or water-soluble.

Embodiment 42. A iiquid or dry formulation comprising the composition of any one of Embodiments 9-32, or 40-41 for use in a drip irrigation system or furrow during planting.

Embodiment 42. A method for controlling an învertebrate pest comprising contacting the învertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition according to any one of Embodiments 9-32, or 40-41.

Embodiment 43. A method according to Embodiment 42 wherein the environment is soil or plant foliage.

Embodiment 44. A method according to Embodiment 42 or 43 wherein the învertebrate pest is selected from the order Lepidoptera, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Dennaptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Acari, Orthoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Thysanura, Mallophaga, Siphonoptera, Araneae, and Scutigeromorpha.

Embodiment 45. A method according to Embodiment 44 wherein the învertebrate pest is selected from the order Lepidoptera, Thrips, and Hemiptera.

Embodiment 46. A method according to any one of Embodiments 42-45 wherein the învertebrate pest îs selected from silverleaf whitefly, corn plant hopper, western flower thrips, potato leafhopper, cotton melon aphid, root knot nematode, fall anny worm and diamondback moth.

Embodiment 47. A treated seed comprising the composition of any one of Embodiments 9-32, or 40-41 in an amount of from about 0.0001 to 1 % by weight of the seed before treatment.

In ail embodiments of this disclosure, component (b) is different from component (a) in the compositions disclosed herein.

Of note is that compositions of this disclosure are characterized by favorable metabolic and/or soil residual patterns and exhibit activity controlling a spectrum of agronomie and nonagronomic invertebrate pests.

Of particular note, for reasons of invertebrate pest control spectrum and économie importance, protection of agronomie crops from damage or injury caused by invertebrate pests by controlling invertebrate pests are embodiments of the disclosure. Compounds and compositions of this disclosure because of their favorable translocation properties or systemicity in plants also protect foliar or other plant parts which are not directly contacted with a compound of Formula I or a compound of Formula II or a composition comprising the compound.

Also noteworthy as embodiments of the présent disclosure are compositions comprising components (a) and (b) (i.e. in biologically effective amounts) as described in any of the preceding Embodiments, as well as any other embodiments described herein, and any combinations thereof, further comprising at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a solid diluent, and a liquid diluent, said compositions optionally further comprising at least one additional biologically active compound, and agent (i.e. in a biologically effective amount).

Embodiments of the disclosure also include a composition for protecting an animal comprising components (a) and (b) (i.e. in parasiticidally effective amounts) of any of the preceding Embodiments and a carrier.

Embodiments of the disclosure further include methods for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments. Of particular note is a method for protecting an animal comprising administering to the animal a parasiticidally effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include a composition comprising of any of the preceding Embodiments, in the fonn of a soil drench liquid formulation. Embodiments of the disclosure further include methods for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the soil with a liquid composition as a soil drench comprising a biologically effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include a spray composition for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising a biologically effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments and a propellant. Embodiments ofthe disclosure further include a bait composition for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising a biologically effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments, one or more food materials, optionally an attractant, and optionally a humectant. Embodiments of the disclosure also include a device for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising said bait composition and a housing adapted to receive said bait composition, wherein the housing has at least one opening sized to permit the invertebrate pest to pass through the opening so the invertebrate pest can gain access to said bait composition from a location outside the housing, and wherein the housing is further adapted to be placed in or near a locus of potential or known activîty for the invertebrate pest.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include a method for protecting a seed from an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the seed with a biologically effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include methods for protecting an animal from an invertebrate parasitic pest comprising administcring to the animal a parasiticidally effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments.

Embodiments ot the disclosure also include methods wherein the invertebrate pest or its environment is contacted with a biologically effective amount of a composition of any of the preceding Embodiments, and at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents and liquid diluents, said composition optionally further comprising a biologically effective amount of at least one additional biologically active compound or agent, provided that the methods are not methods of medical treatment of a human or animal body by therapy.

Embodiments of this disclosure also include use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for the dispension of the compositions disclosed herein over a planted area. In some embodiments the planted area is a crop-containing area. In some embodiments, the crop is selected from a monocot or dicot. In some embodiments, the crop is selected form rice, corn, barley, sobean, wheat, vegetable, tobacco, tea tree, fruit tree and sugar cane. In some embodiments, the compositions disclosed herein are fomiulated for spraying at an ultra-low volume. Products applied by drones may use water or oil as the spray carrier. Typical spray volume (including product) used for drone applications globally. 5.0 liters/ha - 100 liters/ha (approximately 0.5-10 gpa). This includes the range of ultra low spray volume (ULV) to low spray volume (LV). Although not common there may be situations where even lower spray volumes could be used as low as 1.0 liter/ha (0.1 gpa)

The term “or combinations thereof’ as used herein refers to ail permutations and combinations of the listed items preceding the term. For example, “A, B, C, or combinations thereof’ is intended to include at least one of: A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC, and if order is important in a particular context, also BA, CA, CB, CBA, BCA, ACB, BAC, or CAB. Continuing with this example, expressly included are combinations that contain repeats of one or more item or term, such as BB, A A A, AB, BBC, AAABCCCC, CBBAAA, CABABB, and so forth. The skilled artisan will understand that typically there is no limit on the number of items or ternis in any combination, unless otherwise apparent from the context.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include a composition comprising a compound of any of the preceding Embodiments, in the form of a soil drench liquid formulation. Embodiments of the disclosure further include methods for controllîng an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the soil with a liquid composition as a soil drench comprising a biologically effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding Embodiments.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include a spray composition for controllîng an invertebrate pest comprising a biologically effective amount of a compound or composition of any of the preceding Embodiments and a propellant. Embodiments of the disclosure further include a b ait composition for controllîng an invertebrate pest comprising a biologically effective amount of a compound or composition of any of the preceding Embodiments, one or more food materials, optionally an attractant, and optionally a humectant. Embodiments of the disclosure also include a device for controllîng an invertebrate pest comprising said bait composition and a housing adapted to receive said bait composition, wherein the housing has at least one opening sized to permit the invertebrate pest to pass through the opening so the invertebrate pest can gain access to said bait composition from a location outside the housing, and wherein the housing is further adapted to be placed in or near a locus of potential or known activity for the invertebrate pest.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include methods for protecting a seed from an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the seed with a biologically effective amount of a compound or composition of any of the preceding Embodiments.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include methods for protecting an animal from an invertebrate parasitic pest comprising administering to the animal a paras!ticidally effective amount of a compound or composition of any of the preceding Embodiments.

Embodiments of the disclosure also include methods for controllîng an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition comprising at least one compound of Formula I or at least one compound of Formula II and at least one biologically active compound or pest control agent, provided that the methods are not methods of medical treatment of a human or animal body by therapy.

Embodiments of this disclosure also relates to such methods wherein the invertebrate pest or its environment is contacted with a composition comprising a biologically effective amount of compound of Formula I or at least one compound of Fonnula II, ai least one biologically active compound or pest control agent, and at least one additional component selected from surfactants, solid diluents, and liquid diluents.

Compounds of Fonnula I or compounds of Fonnula II can be prepared by the following methods and variations as described in Schemes 1 and 2. The following abbreviations are used: DMF îs A^AMÎmethylfonnamide, DCC is N,N'~ dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and HATU is l-[bis(diinethylamino)methylene]-l//-l,2,3triazolo[4,5-&]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluoro-phosphate.

The compound of Fonnula I can be prepared from Compound 6 by the method shown in Scheme 1. In this method, the compound of Fonnula I is prepared by an amide-bondforming reaction of the carboxylic group of Compound 6 with the amine group of Compound 7a (when n is 0), 7b (when n is 1), or 7c (when n is 2), in the presence of an amide coupling reagent such as DCC or HATU.

Scheme 1

(S)_n-Me

7a, 7b, 7c coupling reagent

1,2,3

The compounds of Formula I wherein n is 1 or 2 (i.e. the sulfoxide , Compound 2, or the sulfone, Compound 3, respectively) can be prepared by oxidation of the sulfide (Compound 1). A variety of methods and reagents are known in the art for oxîdizing sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones. Examples of such oxidizing reagents include metachloroperoxybenzoic acid and sodium periodate.

Compounds according to Formula II can be prepared from Compound 8 by the method shown in Scheme 2. In this method, Compound 4 is prepared by an amide forming reaction of the of the carboxyl group of Compound 8-with the amine group of Compound 9 in the presence of an amide coupling reagent such as DCC or HATU. For représentative 5 reagents and reaction conditions, see Jones, J. The Chemical Synthesis of Peptides, International Sériés of Monographs on Chemistry, Oxford University: Oxford, 1994.

Scheme 2

COOH

coupling reagent

Similar to Compound 4, Compound 5-can be prepared from Compound 8 by the method shown in Scheme 3. In this method, Compound 5 is prepared by an amide-bondforming reaction ofthe carboxyl group of Compound 8-with the amine group of Compound 10 in the presence of an amide coupling reagent such as DCC or HATU.

Scheme 3

coupling reagent

Compound 8 (CAS Registry Number 2001277-98-9) is known in the art.

It is recognized that some reagents and reaction conditions described above for 25 preparîng compounds of Formula I or compounds of Formula II may not be compatible with certain functionalities présent in the iutermediates. In these instances, the incorporation of protection/deprotection sequences or functional group interconversions into the synthesis will aid in obtaining the desired products. The use and choice ofthe protecting groups will be apparent to one skilled in Chemical synthesis (see, for example, Greene, T.

W.; Wuts, P. G. M. Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 2nd ed.; Wiley: New York,

1991). One skilled in the art will recognize that, in some cases, after introduction of the reagents depicted in the individual schemes, additional routine synthetic steps not described in detail may be needed to complété the synthesis of compounds of Formula I or compounds of Formula II. One skilled in the art will also recognize that it may be necessary to perform a combination of the steps illustrated in the above schemes in an order other than that implied by the particular sequence presented to préparé compounds of Formulai or compounds of Formula II.

One skilled in the art will also recognize that compounds of Formula I or compounds of Formula II and the intermediates described herein can be subjected to varions electrophilic, nucleophilic, radical, organometallic, oxidation, and réduction reactions to add substituents or modify existing substituents.

Without further élaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the présent disclosure to its fullest extent. The following Synthesis Examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. Steps in the following Synthesis Examples illustrate a procedure for each step in an overall synthetic transformation, and the starting material for each step may not hâve necessarily been prepared by a particular préparative run whose procedure is described in other Examples or Steps. Percentages are by weight except for chromatographie solvent mixtures or where otherwise indicated. Parts and percentages for chromatographie solvent mixtures are by volume unless otherwise indicated. 1H NMR spectra are reported in ppm downfield from tetramethylsîlane; “s” means singlet, “d” means doublet, “t” means triplet, “q” means quartet, “m” means multiplet, “dd” means doublet of doublets, “dt” means doublet of triplets, “br s” means broad singlet. DMF means N,Ndimethylformamide. Compound numbers refer to Index Table I.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 1

Préparation of Λφ ,1 -dimethyl-2~(methylthio)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-27A indazole-4-carboxamide (Compound 1) (A-[1,1 -dimethyl-2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl]-7-fluoro2-(3-pyridinyl)-2A- indazole-4-carboxamide) (Compound 2), and (A-[l,l-dimethyl-2(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2A indazole-4-carboxamide (Compound 3)

Step A. Préparation of A-[l,l-dimethyl-2-(methylthio)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3pyridinyl)-2A-indazole-4-carboxamide (Compound 1)

A solution of 7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyI)-2A-indazole-4-carboxylic acid (10 g, 39 mmol), HATU (17.7 g, 47 mmol), 2-methyl-l-methylsuIfanyl-propan-2-amine (7 g, 58 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) was treated with triethylamine (16 mL, 117 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 hours at room température. The réaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (300 mL) and washed with water (6 x 100 mL). The organic layer was separated and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting crude solid was purified via normal phase chromatography (silica gel eluted with 70-100% EtOAc in hexane) to yield the title compound, a compound of this disclosure (9.9 g, 71% yield). ^lH NMR (500 MHz, DMSOd₆) δ ppm 9.37-9.43 (m, 2H), 8.69-8.72 (m, IH), 8.56-8.60 (m, IH), 8.00 (s, IH), 7.64-7.70 (m, 2 H), 7.22-7.27 (m, IH), 3.11 (s, 2H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1.47 (s, 6H).

Compound 2 (W-[ 1,1 -dimethyl-2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyI]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2Æindazole-4-carboxamide), and Compound 3 (W[I,l-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-7fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl )-27/ indazole-4-carboxamide, can each be prepared via oxidation of Compound I.

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 2

Préparation of N-( 1-methylcyclopropyl)-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-4-carboxamide (Compound 4) and N-[l-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2/7-indazole-4carboxamide (Compound 5)

Step A: Préparation of ?/-[l-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-27/îndazoIe-4-carboxamide (Compound 5)

A solution of 2-(3-pyridinyl)-277-indazole-4-carboxylic acid (100 mg, 0.42 mmol, CAS Registry Number 2001277-98-9), HATU (190 mg, 0.5 mmol), 1(difluoromethyl)cyclopropanamme hydrochloride (71 mg, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was treated with triethylamine (174 mL, 1.25 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred ovemîght at room température. The reaction mixture was then purified direct!y via reverse phase column chromatography [Cl8 column eluted with 10%-I00% MeCN/MeOH (1:1) to water] to yield the title compound, a compound of this disclosure (105 mg, 76% yield). *H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-/$) δ ppm 9.35-9.39 (m, 2H) 9.14 (s, IH) 8.67-8.68 (m, IH) 8.55-8.58 (m, IH) 7.94-7.97 (m, IH), 7.73-7.75 (m, IH), 7.63-7.67 (m, IH), 7.41-7.45 (m, IH), 6.21 (t, IH), 1.13-1.17 (m, 2H), 1.02-1.06 (m, 2H). Compound 4 was prepared as described for Compound 5, but l-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropranamine hydrochloride was replaced with 1methylcyclopropanamine hydro chlori de.

A composition of this disclosure will generally be used as an invertebrate pest control active ingrédient in a composition, i.e. formulation, with at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents, and liquid diluents, which serves as a carrier. The formulation or composition ingrédients are selected to be consistent with the physical properties of the active ingrédient, mode of application and environmental factors such as soil type, moisture and température.

Useful formulations include both liquid and solid compositions. Liquid compositions include solutions (including emulsifiable concentrâtes), suspensions, émulsions (including 5 microemulsions, oil in water émulsions, flowable concentrâtes and/or suspoemulsîons) and the like, which optionally can be thickened into gels. The general types of aqueous liquid compositions are soluble concentrate, suspension concentrate, capsule suspension, concentrated émulsion, microemulsion, oil in water émulsion, flowable concentrate and suspoemulsion. The general types of nonaqueous liquid compositions are emulsîfiable 10 concentrate, microemulsifiable concentrate, dispersible concentrate and oil dispersion.

The general types of solid compositions are dusts, powders, granules, pellets, prills, pastilles, tablets, filled films (including seed coatings) and the like, which can be water-dispersible (“wettable”) or water-soluble. Films and coatings formed from filmforming solutions or flowable suspensions are particuiarly useful for seed treatment. Active 15 ingrédient can be (micro)encapsulated and further formed into a suspension or solid formulation; altematîvely the entire formulation of active ingrédient can be encapsulated (or “overcoated”). Encapsulation can control or delay release of the active ingrédient. An emulsîfiable granule combines the advantages of both an emulsîfiable concentrate formulation and a dry granular formulation. High-strength compositions are primarily used 20 as intermédiares for further formulation.

Sprayable formulations are typically extended in a suitable medium before spraying. Such liquid and solid formulations are formulated to be readily diluted in the spray medium, usually water, but occasionally another suitable medium like an aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbon or vegetable oîl. Spray volumes can range from about one to several thousand 25 liters per hectare, but more typically are in the range from about ten to several hundred liters per hectare. Sprayable formulations can be tank mixed with water or another suitable medium for foliar treatment by aerial or ground application, or for application to the growing medium of the plant. Liquid and dry formulations can be metered directly into drip irrigation Systems or metered into the furrow during planting. Liquid and solid formulations 30 can be applied onto seeds of crops and other désirable végétation as seed treatments before planting to protect developing roots and other subterranean plant parts and/or foliage through systemic uptake.

One way of dispensing the compositions disclosed herein over a target area, such as, but not limited to a crop-containing field, is by using drones. Use of drones or unmanned 35 aerial vehicles (UAVs) in agricultural applications, such as for treating fields with Chemical Products, is rapidly expanding. A container of Chemical products is coupled to the UAV and a material dispensing System mounted to the UAV, and the UAV is piloted above the area to be treated while the Chemical product is dispensed.

Formulations will typically contain effective amounts of active ingrédient, diluent and surfactant within the following approximate ranges which add up to 100 percent by weight.

	Weight Percent
	Active Ingrédient Diluent	Surfactant
Water-Dispersible and Watersoluble Granules, Tablets and Powders	0.001-90 0-99.999	0-15
Oil Dispersions, Suspensions, Emulsions, Solutions (including Emulsifiable Concentrâtes)	1-50 40-99	0-50
Dusts	1-25 70-99	0-5
Granules and Pellets	0.001-95 5-99.999	0-15
High Strength Compositions	90-99 0-10	0-2
Solid diluents include,	for example, clays such as	bentonite, montmorillonite,

attapulgite and kaolin, gypsum, cellulose, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, starch, dextrin, sugars (e.g., lactose, sucrose), silica, talc, mica, diatomaceous earth, urea, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and bicarbonate, and sodium sulfate. Typical solid diluents are described in Watkins et al., Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers, 2nd Ed., Dorland Books, Caldwell, New Jersey.

Liquid diluents include, for example, water, ALV-dimethylalkanamides (e.g., XMdimethylformamide), limonene, dîmethyl sulfoxide, V-alkylpyrrolidones (e.g., V-methylpyrrolidinone), alkyl phosphates (e.g., triethylphosphate), ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, propylene carbonate, butylène carbonate, paraffins (e.g., white minerai oiis, normal paraffins, isoparaffms), alkyl benzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, glycérine, glycerol tri acetate, sorbitol, aromatic hydrocarbons, dearomatized aliphatics, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, ketones such as cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, isophorone and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, acétates such as isoamyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, nonyl acetate, tridecyl acetate and isobomyl acetate, other esters such as alkylated lactate esters, dibasic esters alkyl and aryl benzoates, γ-butyrolactone, and alcohols, which can be linear, branched, saturated or unsaturated, such as methanol, éthanol, π-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, /i-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, w-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanoî, n-octanol, decanol, isodecyl alcohol, isooctadecanol, cetyl alcohol, iauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, cresol and benzyl alcohol. Liquid diluents also include glycerol esters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (typically

A^-C22), ^such as plant seed and fruit oils (e.g., oils of olive, castor, linseed, sesame, corn (maîze), peanut, sunflower, grapeseed, safflower, cottonseed, soybean, rapeseed, cocon ut and palm kernel), animal-sourced fats (e.g., beef tallow, pork tallow, lard, cod liver oil, fish oil), and mixtures thereof. Liquid diluents also include alkylated fatty acids (e.g., methylated, ethylated, butylated) wherein the fatty acids may be obtained by hydrolysis of glycerol esters from plant and animal sources, and can be purified by distillation. Lypical liquid diluents are described in Marsden, Solvents Guide, 2nd Ed., Interscience, New York, 1950.

The solid and liquid compositions of the présent disclosure often include one or more surfactants. When added to a liquid, surfactants (also known as “surface-active agents”) generally modify, most often reduce, the surface tension of the liquid. Depending on the nature of the hydrophi lie and lipophilie groups in a surfactant molécule, surfactants can be useful as wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers or defoaming agents.

Surfactants can be classified as nonionic, anionic or cationic. Nonionic surfactants useful for the présent compositions include, but are not limited to: alcohol alkoxylates such as alcohol alkoxylates based on natural and synthetic alcohols (which may be branched or linear) and prepared from the alcohols and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylène oxide or mixtures thereof; amine ethoxylates, alkanolamides and ethoxylated alkanolamides; alkoxylated triglycérides such as ethoxylated soybean, castor and rapeseed oils; alkylphénol alkoxylates such as octylphenol ethoxylates, nonylphenol ethoxylates, dinonyl phénol ethoxylates and dodecyl phénol ethoxylates (prepared from the phénols and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylène oxide or mixtures thereof); block polymers prepared from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide and reverse block polymers where the terminal blocks are prepared from propylene oxide; ethoxylated fatty acids; ethoxylated fatty esters and oils; ethoxylated methyl esters; ethoxylated tristyrylphenol (încluding those prepared from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylène oxide or mixtures thereof); fatty acid esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-based dérivatives, polyethoxylate esters such as polyethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated sorbitol fatty acid esters and polyethoxylated glycerol fatty acid esters; other sorbitan dérivatives such as sorbitan esters; polymeric surfactants such as random copolymers, block copolymers, alkyd peg (polyethylene glycol) resîns, graft or comb polymers and star polymers; polyethylene glycols (pegs); polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters; silicone-based surfactants; and sugar-derivatives such as sucrose esters, alkyl polyglycosides and alkyl polysaccharides.

Useful anionic surfactants include, but are not limited to: alkylaryl sulfonic acids and their salts; carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates; diphenyl sulfonate dérivatives; lîgnin and lignîn dérivatives such as lignosuifonates; maleic or succinic acids or their anhydrides; olefin sulfonates; phosphate esters such as phosphate esters of alcohol alkoxylates, phosphate esters of alkylphenol alkoxylates and phosphate esters of styryl phénol ethoxylates; protein-based surfactants; sarcosine dérivatives; styryl phénol ether sulfate, sulfates and sulfonates of oîls and fatty acids; sulfates and sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols; sulfates of alcohols; sulfates of ethoxylated alcohols; sulfonates of amines and amides such as WW-alkyltaurates; sulfonates of benzene, cumene, toluene, xylene, and dodecyl and tridecylbenzenes; sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes; sulfonates of naphthalene and alkyl naphthalene; sulfonates of fractionated petroleum; sulfosuccinamates; and sulfosuccinates and their dérivatives such as dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts.

Useful cationic surfactants include, but are not limited to: amides and ethoxylated amides; amines such as A-alkyl propanediamines, tripropylenetri amines and dipropylenetetramines, and ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated diamines and propoxylated amines (prepared from the amines and ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylène oxide or mixtures thereof), amine salts such as amine acétates and diamine salts; quatemary ammonium salts such as quatemary salts, ethoxylated quatemary salts and diquatemary salts; and amine oxides such as alkyldimethylamine oxides and bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)alkylamîne oxides.

Also useful for the présent compositions are mixtures of nonionic and anionic surfactants or mixtures of nonionic and cationic surfactants. Nonionic, anionic and cationic surfactants and their recommended uses are disclosed in a variety of published references includîng McCutcheon ’s Emulsïfiers and Détergents, annual American and International Editions published by McCutcheon’s Division, The Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co.; Sisely and Wood, Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents, Chemical Publ. Co., Inc., New York, 1964; and A. S. Davidson and B. Milwidsky, Synthetic Détergents, Seventh Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1987.

Compositions of this disclosure may also contain formulation auxiliaries and additives, known to those skilled in the art as formulation aids (some of which may be considered to also function as solid dihients, liquid diluents or surfactants). Such formulation auxiliaries and additives may control: pH (buffers), foaming during processing (antifoams such polyorganosiloxanes), sédimentation of active ingrédients (suspending agents), viscosity (thixotropic thickeners), in-container microbial growth (antimicrobiais), product freezing (antifreezes), color (dyes/pigment dispersions), wash-off (film fonners or stickers), évaporation (évaporation retardants), and other formulation attributes. Film form ers include, for example, polyvinyl acétates, polyvinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers and waxes. Examples of formulation auxiliaries and additives include those hsted in McCutcheon ’s Volume 2: Functional Materials, annual International and North American éditions pubiished by McCutcheon’s Division, The Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co.; and PCT Publication WO 03/024222.

Compositions disclosed herein comprising compounds of Formula I or compounds of Formula II and any other active ingrédients are typically incorporated into the présent compositions by dîssolving the active ingrédient in a solvent or by grindîng in a liquid or dry diluent. Solutions, including emulsifïable concentrâtes, can be prepared by simply mixing the ingrédients. If the solvent of a liquid composition intended for use as an emulsifïable concentrate is water-immiscible, an emulsifier is typically added to emulsify the active-containing solvent upon dilution with water. Active ingrédient slunies, with particle diameters of up to 2,000 pm can be wet milled using media mills to obtain particles with average diameters below 3 pm. Aqueous slurries can be made into fïmshed suspension concentrâtes (see, for example, U.S. 3,060,084) or further processed by spray drying to fonn water-dispersible granules. Dry formulations usually require dry milling processes, which produce average particle diameters in the 2 to 10 pm range. Dusts and powders can be prepared by blending and usually grinding (such as with a hammer mil] or fluid-energy mill). Granules and pellets can be prepared by spraying the active material upon preformed granular carriers or by agglomération techniques. See Browning, “Agglomération”, Chemical Engineering, December 4, 1967, pp 147^18, Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1963, pages 8-57 and following, and WO 91/13546. Pellets can be prepared as described in U.S. 4,172,714. Water-dispersible and water-soluble granules can be prepared as taught in U.S. 4,144,050, U.S. 3,920,442 and DE 3,246,493. Tablets can be prepared as taught in U.S. 5,180,587, U.S. 5,232,701 and U.S. 5,208,030. Films can be prepared as taught in GB 2,095,558 and U.S. 3,299,566.

For further information regarding the art of formulation, see T. S. Woods, “The Formulator’s Toolbox - Product Foims for Modem Agriculture” in Pesticide Chemistry and Bioscience, The Food-Environment Challenge, T. Brooks and T. R. Roberts, Eds., Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Pesticide Chemistry, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1999, pp. 120-133. See also U.S. 3,235,361, Col. 6, line 16 through Col. 7, line 19 and Examples 10-41; U.S. 3,309,192, Col. 5, line 43 through Col. 7, line 62 and Examples 8, 12, 15, 39, 41, 52, 53, 58, 132, 138-140, 162-164, 166, 167 and 169-182;

U.S. 2,891,855, Col. 3, line 66 through Col. 5, line 17 and Examples W; Klingman, Weed Control as a Science, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1961, pp 81-96; Hance et al., Weed Control Handbook, 8th Ed., Blackwell Scientîfic Publications, Oxford, 1989; and Developments in formulation technology, P JB Publications, Richmond, UK, 2000.

In the following Examples, ail formulations are prepared in conventional ways. “Active ingrédients” refers to the aggregate of biologically active compounds or agents consisting of invertebrate pest control agents selected from the at least one additional pest control agent or compound of (b) in combination with at least one compound of Formula I or Fonnula II , or a combination of one or more compounds of each of Fonnula I and II . “Active ingrédients” can also refer to at least one compound of Formula I or Fonnula II, or a combination of one or more compounds of each of Formula I and II, in addition to at least one additional biologically active compound, such as an insecticide, fongicide, nematocide or bactéricide. Without further élaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art using the preceding description can utilize the présent disclosure to its fullest extern. The following Examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. Percentages are by weight except where otherwise indicated.

Example A

High Strength Concentrate active ingrédients 98.5% silica aerogel 0.5% synthetic amorphous fine silica I q%

Example B

Wettable Powder active ingrédients 65.0% dodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether 2.0% sodium ligninsulfonate 4.0% sodium silicoaluminate 6.0% montmorillonite (calcined) 23.0%

Example C

Granule active ingrédients 1 Q.0% attapulgite granules (low volatile matter, 0.71/0.30 mm; 90.0%

U.S.S. No. 25-50 sieves)

Example D

Extruded Pellet active ingrédients 25.0% anhydrous sodium sulfate 10.0% crude calcium ligninsulfonate 5.0% sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate 1.0% calcium/magnesium bentonite 59.0%

Example E

Emulsifiable Concentrate active ingrédients 10.0% polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexoleate 20.0%

Cg-^c 10 f^atty ^acfa methyl ester 70.0%

Example F

Microemulsion active ingrédients 5.0% polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 30.0% alkylpolyglycoside 30.0% glyceryl monooleate 15.0% water 20.0%

Example G

Seed Treatment active ingrédients 20.00% polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 5.00% montan acid wax 5 qq% calcium ligninsulfonate 1.00% polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymers 1.00% stearyl alcohol (POE 20) 2.00% polyorganosilane 0.20% colorant red dye 0 05o/_o ^water 65.75%

Example H

Fertilizer Stick active ingrédients 2.5% pyrrolidone-styrene copolymer 4 g%

tristyrylphenyl 16-ethoxylate	2.3%
talc	0.8%
corn starch	5.0%
slow-relcase fertilizer	36.0%
kaolin	38.0%
water	10.6%
Example I
Suspension Concentrate
active ingrédients	35%
butyl polyoxyethylene/polypropylene block copolymer	4.0%
stearic acid/polyethylene glycol copolymer	1.0%
styrene acrylic polymer	1.0%
xanthan gum	0.1%
propylene glycol	5.0%
silicone based defoamer	0.1%
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one	0.1%
water	53.7%
Example J
Emulsion in Water
active ingrédients	10.0%
butyl polyoxyethylene/polypropylene block copolymer	4.0%
stearic acid/polyethylene glycol copolymer	1.0%
styrene acrylic polymer	1.0%
xanthan gum	0.1%
propylene glycol	5.0%
silicone based defoamer	0.1%
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one	0.1%
aromatic petroleum based hydrocarbon	20.0
water	58.7%
Example K
Oil Dispersion
active ingrédients	25%
polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate	15%
organically modified bentonîte clay	2.5%
fatty acid methyl ester	57.5%

Example L

Suspoemulsion active ingrédients 10.0% imidacloprid 5 qo/_o butyl polyoxyethylene/polypropylene block copolymer 4.0% stearic acid/polyethylene glycol copolymer 1,0% styrene acrylic polymer 1 qo/_o xanthan gum θ 1 % propylene glycol ₅ 0% silicone based deibamer 0 l,2-benzisothiazoIin-3-one q jo/_o aromatic petroleum based hydrocarbon 20.0% water ₇₀/

Compositions of this disclosure exhibit actîvity against a wide spectrum of invertebrate pests. These pests include invertebrates inhabiting a variety of environments such as, for example, plant foliage, roots, soil, harvested crops or other foodstuffs, building structures or animal integuments. These pests include, for example, invertebrates feeding on foliage (including leaves, stems, flowers and fruits), seeds, wood, textile fibers or animal blood or tissues, and thereby causing injury or damage to, for example, growing or stored agronomie crops, forests, greenhouse crops, omamentals, nursery crops, stored foodstuffs or hber products, or houses or other structures or their contents, or being harmful to animal health or public health. Those skilled in the art will apprecîate that not ail compounds are equally effective against ail growth stages of ail pests.

These présent compositions are thus useful agronomically for protecting field crops from phytophagous invertebrate pests, and also nonagronomically for protecting other horticultural crops and plants from phytophagous invertebrate pests. This utility includes protecting crops and other plants (i.e. both agronomie and nonagronomic) that contain genetic material introduced by genetic engineering (i.e. transgenic) or modified by mutagenesis to provide advantageous traits. Examples of such traits include tolérance to herbicides, résistance to phytophagous pests (e.g., insects, mites, aphids, spiders, nematodes, snails, plant-pathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses), improved plant growth, increased tolérance of adverse growing conditions such as high or low températures, low or high soil moisture, and high salinity, increased flowering or fruiting, greater harvest yields, more rapid maturation, hîgher quality and/or nutritional value of the harvested product, or improved storage or process properties of the harvested products. Transgenic plants can be modified to express multiple traits. Examples of plants containing traits provided by genetic engineering or mutagenesîs include vaneties of com, cotton, soybean and potato expressing an insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis toxin such as YIELD GARD®, KNOCKOUT®, STARLINK®, BOLLGARD®, NuCOTN® and NEWLEAF®, INVICTA RR2 PRqTM, _and herbicide-tolerant varieties of com, cotton, soybean and rapeseed such as ROUNDUP READY , LIBERTY LINK®, IMI®, STS® and CLEARFIELD®, as well as crops expressing Macetyltransferase (GAT) to provide résistance to glyphosate herbicide, or crops containing the HRA gene providîng résistance to herbicides inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS). The présent compositions may interact synergistically with traits introduced b y genetic engineering or modifîed by mutagenesis, thus enhancîng phenotypic expression or effectiveness of the traits or increasing the invertebrate pest control effectiveness of the présent compounds and compositions. In particular, the présent compositions may interact synergistically with the phenotypic expression of proteins or other natural products toxic to invertebrate pests to provide greater-than-additive control of these pests, i.e. produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.

Compositions of this disclosure can also optionally comprise plant nutrients, e.g., a fertilizer composition comprising at least one plant nutrient selected from nîtrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnésium, iron, copper, boron, manganèse, zinc, and molybdenum. Of note are compositions comprising at least one fertilizer composition comprising at least one plant nutrient selected from nîtrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and magnésium. Compositions of the présent disclosure which further comprise at least one plant nutrient can be in the fonn of liquids or solids. Of note are solid formulations in the fonn of granules, small sticks or tablets. Solid formulations comprising a fertilizer composition can be prepared by mixing the compound or composition of the présent disclosure with the fertilizer composition together with formulating ingrédients and then preparing the formulation by methods such as granulation or extrusion. Altematively solid formulations can be prepared by spraying a solution or suspension of a compound or composition ofthe présent disclosure in a volatile solvent onto a previous prepared fertilizer composition in the form of dimensionally stable mixtures, e.g., granules, small sticks or tablets, and then evaporating the solvent.

Nonagronomic uses refer to invertebrate pest control in the areas other than fields of crop plants. Nonagronomic uses of the présent compositions include control of invertebrate pests in stored grains, beans and other foodstuffs, and in textiles such as clothing and carpets. Nonagronomic uses of the présent compositions also include invertebrate pest control in omamental plants, forests, in yards, along roadsides and railroad rights of way, and on turf such as lawns, golf courses and pastures. Nonagronomic uses of the présent compositions also include invertebrate pest control in houses and other buildings which may be occupied by humans and/or companion, farm, ranch, zoo or other animais. Nonagronomic uses of the présent compositions also include the control of pests such as termites that can damage wood or other structural materials used in buildings.

Nonagronomic uses of the présent compositions also include protecting human and animal health by controlling invertebrate pests that are parasitic or transmit infections diseases. The controlling of animal parasites inciudes controlling extemal parasites that are paiasitic to the surface of the body of the host animal (e.g., shoulders, armpits, abdomen, inner part of the thighs) and internai parasites that are parasitic to the inside of the body of the host animal (e.g., stomach, intestine, lung, veins, under the skin, lymphatic tissue). Extemal parasitic or disease transmîtting pests include, for example, chiggers, ticks, lice, mosquitoes, Aies, mîtes and fleas. Internai parasites include heartworms, hookworms and helminths. of the présent disclosure are suitable for systemic and/or non-systemîc control of infestation or infection by parasites on animais. Compositions of the présent disclosure are particularly suitable for combating extemal parasitic or disease transmîtting pests. Compositions of the présent disclosure are suitable for combating parasites that infest agricultural working animais, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, donkeys, camels, buffalos, rabbits, hens, turkeys, ducks, geese and bees; pet animais and domestic animais such as dogs, cats, pet birds and aquarium fish; as well as so-called experimental animais, such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats and mice. B y combating these parasites, fatalities and performance réduction (in ternis of méat, milk, wool, skins, eggs, honey, etc.) are reduced, so that applying a composition of the présent disclosure allows more économie and simple husbandry of animais.

Examples of agronomie or nonagronomic invertebrate pests include eggs, larvae and adults of the order Lepidoptera, such as armyworms, cutwonns, loopers, and heliothines in the family Noctuidae (e.g., pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker), com stalk borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre), southem armyworm (Spodoptera eridania Cramer), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Hübner), cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis Boîsduval), yellowstriped armyworm (Spodoptera ornithogalli Guenée), black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon Hufhagel), velvetbean Caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner), green fruîtworm (Lithophane antennata Walker), cabbage armyworm (Barathra brassicae Linnaeus), soybean looper (Pseudoplusia includens Walker), cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni Hübner), tobacco budwonn (Heliothis virescens Fabricius)); borers, casebearers, webworms, conewonns, cabbageworms and skeletonizers from the family Pyralidae (e.g., European com borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner), navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella Walker), com root webworm (Crambus caliginosellus Clemens), sod webworms (Pyralidae: Crambinae) such as sod worm (Herpetogramma licarsisalis Walker), sugarcane stem borer (Chilo infuscatellus Snellen), tomato small borer (Neoleucinodes elegantalis Guenée), green leafroller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), grape leaffolder (Desmia funeralis Hübner), melon wonn (Diaphania nitidalis Stoll), cabbage center grub (Helluala hydralis Guenée), yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker), early shoot borer (Scirpophaga infuscatellus Snellen), white stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata Walker), top shoot borer (Scirpophaga nivella Fabricius), darkheaded rice borer (Chilo polychrysus Meyrick), striped riceborer (Chilo suppressaiis Walker), cabbage cluster Caterpillar (Crocidolomia binotalis English)); leafrollers, budworms, seed wonns, and fruit worms in the family Tortricidae (e.g., codling moth (Cydia pomonella Linnaeus), grape berry moth (Endopiza viteana Clemens), oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta Busck), citrus false codling moth (Cryptophlebia leucotreta Meyrick), citrus borer (Ecdytolopha aurantiana Lima), redbanded leafroller (Argyrotaenia velutinana Walker), obliquebanded leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana Harris), lîglit brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana Walker), European grape berry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella Hübner), apple bud moth (Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott), omnivorous leafroller (Platynota stultana Walsingham), barred fruit-tree tortrix (Pandemis cerasana Hübner), apple brown tortrix (Pandemis heparana Denis & Schiffermüller)); and many other economically important lepîdoptera (e.g., diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella Linnaeus), pink bol 1 wonn (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders), gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar Linnaeus), peach fruit borer (Carposina niponensis Walsingham), peach twig borer (Anarsia lineatella Zeller), potato tuberworm (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller), spotted teniform leafminer (Lithocolletis blancardella Fabricius), Asiatic apple leafminer (Lithocolletis ringoniella Matsumura), rice leaffolder (Lerodea eufala Edwards), apple leafminer (Leucoptera scitella Zeller)); eggs, nymphs and adults of the order Blattodea includîng cockroaches from the familles Blattellidae and Blattidae (e.g., oriental cockroach (Blatta onentahs Linnaeus), Asian cockroach (Blatella asahinai Mîzukubo), German cockroach (Blattella germanica Linnaeus), brownbanded cockroach (Supella longipalpa Fabricius), American cockroach (Periplaneta americana Linnaeus), brown cockroach (Periplaneta brunnea Burmeîster), Madeira cockroach (Leucophaea maderae Fabricius)), smoky brown cockroach (Periplaneta fuliginosa Service), Australian Cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae Fabr.), lobster cockroach (Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier) and smooth cockroach (Symploce pallens Stephens)), eggs, foliar feeding, fruit feedîng, root feeding, seed feedîng and vesicular tissue feeding larvae and adults ofthe order Coleoptera includîng weevils from the families Anthribidae, Bruchîdae, and Curculionidae (e.g., boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boheman), rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel), granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius Linnaeus), rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus)), annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis Dietz), bluegrass billbug (Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal), hunting billbug (Sphenophorus venatus vestitus), Denver billbug (Sphenophorus cicatristriatus Fahraeus)); flea beetles, cucumber beetles, rootworms, leaf beetles, potato beetles, and leafminers in the family Chrysomelidae (e.g., Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say), western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera LeConte)); chafer s and other beetles from the family Scarabaeidae (e.g., Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman), oriental beetle (Anomala orienta lis Waterhouse, Exomala orientalis (Waterhouse) Baraud), northern masked chafer (Cyclocephala borealis Arrow), southem masked chafer (Cyclocephala immaculata Olivier or C. lurida Bland), dung beetle and white grub (Aphodius spp.), black turfgrass ataenius (Ataenius spretulus Haldeman), green June beetle (Co finis nitida Linnaeus), Asiatic garden beetle (Malade ra castanea Arrow), May/June beetles (Phyllophaga spp.) and European chafer (Rhizotrogus majalis Razoumowsky)); carpet beetles from the family Dermestidae; wirewonns from the family Elateridae; bark beetles from the family Scolytidae and flour beetles from the family Tenebrionidae.

In addition, agronomie and nonagronomic pests include: eggs, adults and larvae of the order Dennaptera including earwigs from the family Forficulidae (e.g., European earwig (Forficula auricularia Linnaeus), black earwig (Chelisoches morio Fabricius)); eggs, immatures, adults and nymphs of the orders Hemiptera and Homoptera such as, plant bugs from the family Miridae, cicadas from the family Cicadidae, leafhoppers (e.g. Empoasca spp.) from the family Cicadellidae, potato leafhoppers, bed bugs (e.g., Cimex lectularius Linnaeus) from the family Cimicidae, planthoppers from the familles Fulgoroidae and Delphacidae, treehoppers from the family Membracidae, psyllids from the family Psyllidae, whiteflies from the family Aleyrodidae, aphîds from the family Aphididae, phylloxéra from the family Phylloxeridae, mealybugs from the family Pseudococcidae, scales from the families Coccîdae, Diaspidîdae and Margarodidae, lace bugs from the family Tingidae, stink bugs from the family Pentatomidae, chinch bugs (e.g., hairy chinch bug (Blissus leucopterus hirtus Montandon) and southem chinch bug (Blissus insularis Barber)) and other seed bugs from the family Lygaeidae, spittlebugs from the family Cercopidae squash bugs from the family Coreidae, and red bugs and cotton stainers from the family Pyrrhocoridae.

Agronomie and nonagronomic pests also include : eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults of the order Acari (mites) such as spider mites and red mites in the family Tetranychidae (e.g., European red mite (Panonychus ulmi Koch), two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), McDamel mite (Tetranychus medanieli McGregor)); fiat mites in the family Tenuipalpidae (e.g., citrus fiat mite (Brevipalpus lewisi McGregor)); rust and bud mites in the family Eriophyidae and other foliar feeding mîtes and mites important in human and animal health, i.e. dust mites in the family Epidermoptidae, follicle mites in the family Demodicîdae, grain mites in the family Glycyphagidae; ticks in the family Ixodidae, commonly known as hard ticks (e.g., deer tick (Ixodes scapularis Say), Australian paralysis tick (Ixodes holocyclus Neumann), American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis Say), lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus)) and ticks in the family Argasidae, commonly known as soft ticks (e.g., relapsing fever tick (Ornithodoros turicata), common fowl tick (Argas radiatus))', scab and itch mites in the familles Psoroptîdae, Pyemotîdae, and Sarcoptidae; eggs, adults and immatures of the order Orthoptera includîng grasshoppers, locusts and crickets (e.g., migratory grasshoppers (e.g., Melanoplus sanguinipes Fabricius, M. differentUdis Thomas), American grasshoppers (e.g., Schistocerca americana Drury), desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskal), migratory locust (Locusta migratoria Linnaeus), bush locust (Zonocerus spp.), house cricket (Acheta domesticus Linnaeus), mole crickets (e.g., tawny mole cricket (Scapteriscus vicinus Scudder) and southem mole cricket (Scapteriscus borellii Gîglio-Tos)); eggs, adults and immatures of the order Diptera including leafminers (e.g., Liriomyza spp. such as serpentine vegetable leafminer (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)), midges, fruit Aies (Tephritidae), frit Aies (e.g., Oscinella frit Linnaeus), soil maggots, house Aies (e.g., Musca domestica Linnaeus), lesser house Aies (e.g., Fannia canicularis Linnaeus, F femoralis Stein), stable Aies (e.g., Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus), face Aies, hom Aies, blow Aies (e.g., Chrysomya spp., Phormia spp.), and other muscoid Ay pests, horse Aies (e.g., Tabanus spp.), bot Aies (e.g., Gastrophilus spp., Oestrus spp.), cattle grubs (e.g., Hypoderma spp.), deer Aies (e.g., Chrysops spp.), keds (e.g., Melophagus ovinus Linnaeus) and other Brachycera, mosquitoes (e.g., Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp.), black Aies (e.g., Prosimulium spp., Simulium spp.), biting midges, sand Aies, sciarids, and other Nematocera; eggs, adults and immatures of the order Thysanoptera including onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), Aower thrips (Frankliniella spp.), and other foliar feeding thrips; insect pests of the order Hymenoptera including ants of the Family Formicidae including the Florida carpenter ant (Camponotus floridanus Buckley), red carpenter ant (Camponotus ferrugineus Fabricius), black carpenter ant (Camponotus pennsylvanicus De Geer), white-footed ant (Technomyrmex albipes fr. Smith), big headed ants (Pheidole sp.), ghost ant (Tapinoma melanocephalum Fabricius); Pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis Linnaeus), little fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata Roger), Are ant (Solenopsis geminata Fabricius), red imported Are ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren), Argentine ant (Iridomyrmex humilis Mayr), crazy ant (Paratrechina longicornis Latreille), pavement ant (Tetramorium caespitum Linnaeus), comf1 eld ant (Lasius alienus Fôrster) and odorous house ant (Tapinoma sessile Say). Other Hymenoptera including bees (including carpenter bees), hornets, yellow jackets, wasps, and sawAies (Neodiprion spp.; Cephus spp.); insect pests of the order Isoptera including termites in the Termitidae (e.g., Macrotermes sp., Odontotermes obesus Rambur), Kalotermitidae (e.g., Cryptotermes sp.)_} and Rhino termitidae (e.g., Reticulitermes sp., Coptotermes sp., Heterotermes tennis Hagen) families, the eastern subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar), western subterranean tennite (Reticulitermes hesperus Banks), Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki), West Indian drywood termite (Incisitermes immigrons Snyder), powder post termite (Cryptotermes brevis Walker), drywood termite (Incisitermes snyder i Light), southeastem subterranean termite (Reticulitermes virginicus Banks), western drywood termite (Incisitermes minor Hagen), arboreal termites such as Nasutitermes sp. and other termites of économie importance; insect pests of the order Thysanura such as silverfish (Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus) and flrebrat (Thermobia domestica Packard); insect pests of the order Mallophaga and including the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer), body louse (Pediculus humanus Linnaeus), chicken body louse (Menacanthus stramineus Nitszch), dog biting louse (Trichodectes canis De Geer), fluff louse (Goniocotes gallinae De Geer), sheep body louse (Bovicola ovis Schrank), short-nosed cattle louse (Haematopinus eurysternus Nitzsch), long-nosed cattle louse (Linognathus vituli Linnaeus) and other sucking and chewing parasitic lice that attack man and animais; insect pests of the order Siphonoptera including the oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild), cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis Bouche), dog flea (Ctenocephalides canis Curtis), hen flea (Ceratophylhis gallinae Schrank), sticktight flea (Echidnophaga gallinacea Westwood), human flea (Pulex irritons Linnaeus) and other fleas afflicting mammals and birds. Additional arthropod pests covered include: spiders in the order Araneae such as the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik) and the black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans Fabricius), and centipedes in the order Scutigeromorpha such as the house centîpede (Scutigera coleoptrata Linnaeus).

Ex amples of invertebrate pests of stored grain include larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus), lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica), rîce weevil (Stiophilus oryzae), maize weevil (Stiophilus zeamais), cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus), red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum), granary weevil (Stiophilus granarius), Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella), Mediterranean flour beetle (Ephestia kuhniella) and fiat or rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestis ferrugineus).

Compositions of the présent disclosure may hâve activity on members of the Classes Nematoda, Cestoda, Trematoda, and Acanthocephala including economicaily important members of the orders Strongylida, Ascaridida, Oxyurida, Rhabditida, Spîrurîda, and Enoplida such as but not limited to economicaily important agricultural pests (i.e. root knot nematodes in the genus Meloidogyne, lésion nematodes in the genus Pratylenchus, stubby root nematodes in the genus Trichodorus, etc.) and animal and human health pests (i.e. ail economically important flukes, tapeworms, and round wonns, such as Strongylus vulgaris in horses, Toxocara canis in dogs, Haemonchus contortus in sheep, Dirofilaria immitis Leidy in dogs, Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses, Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus in ruminants, etc.).

Compositions of the disclosure may hâve activity against pests in the order Lepidoptera (e.g., Alabama argillacea Hübner (cotton leaf worm), Archips argyrospila Walker (fruit tree leaf roi 1er), A. rosana Linnaeus (European leaf roller) and other Archips specîes, Chilo suppressalis Walker (rice stem borer), Cnaphalocrosis medinalis Guenée (rice leaf roller), Crambus caliginosettus Clemens (corn root webworm), Crambus teterrellus Zincken (bluegrass webworm), Cydia pomonella Linnaeus (codling moth), Earias insulana Boisduval (spiny bollworm), Earias vittella Fabricius (spotted bollwonn), Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (American bollworm), Helicoverpa zea Boddie (corn earworm). Heliothis vires cens Fabricius (tobacco budworm), Herpetogramma licarsisalis Walker (sod webwonn), Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiffermüller (grape berry moth), Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (pink bollworm), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (citrus leafminer), Pieris brassicae Linnaeus (large whîte butterfly), Pieris rapae Linnaeus (small whîte butterfly), Plutella xylostella Linnaeus (diamondback moth), Spodoptera exigua Hübner (beet armyworm), Spodoptera litura Fabricius (tobacco cutworm, cluster Caterpillar), Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (fall armyworm), Trichoplusia ni Hübner (cabbage looper) and Tuta absoluta Meyriek (tomato leafminer)).

Compositions of the disclosure hâve significant activity on members from the order Homoptera including: Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (pea aphid), Aphis craccivora Koch (cowpea aphid), Aphis fabae Scopoli (black beau aphid), Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton aphid, melon aphid), Aphis pomi De Geer (apple aphid), Aphis spiraecola Patch (spirea aphid), Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach (foxglove aphid), Chaetosiphon fragaefolii Cockerell (strawberry aphid), Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov/Mordvilko (Russian wheat aphid), Dysaphis plantaginea Paaserini (rosy apple aphid), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (woolly apple aphid), Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy (mealy plum aphid), Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach (turnip aphid), Metopolophium dirrhodum Walker (cereal aphid), Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas (potato aphid), Myzus persicae Sulzer (peach-potato aphid, green peach aphid), Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley (lettuce aphid), Pemphigus spp. (root aphids and gall aphids), Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (corn leaf aphid), Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus (bird cherry-oat aphid), Schizaphis graminum Rondanî (greenbug), Sitobion avenae Fabricius (English grain aphid), Therioaphis maculata Buckton (spotted alfalfa aphid), Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe (black citrus aphid), and Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy (brown citrus aphid); Adelges spp. (adelgids); Phylloxéra devastatrix Pergande (pecan phylloxéra); Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (tobacco whitefiy, sweetpotato whitefly), Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring (silverleaf whitefly), Dialeurodes citri Ashinead (citrus whitefly) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (greenhouse whitefly); Empoasca fabae Harris (potato leafhopper), Laodelphax striatelhis Fallen (smaller brown planthopper), Macrolestes quadrilineatus Forbes (aster leafhopper), Nephotettix cinticeps Uhler (green leafhopper), Nephotettix nigropictus Stâl (rice leafhopper), Nilaparvata lugens Stâl (brown planthopper), Peregrinus maidis Ashmead (corn planthopper), Sogatella furcifera Horvath (white-backed planthopper), Sogatodes orizicola Muir (rice delphacid), Typhlocyba pomaria McAtee white apple leafhopper, Erythroneoura spp. (grape leafhoppers); Magicidada septendecim Linnaeus (periodical cicada); Icerya purchasi Maskell (cottony cushion scale), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock (San José scale); Planococcus citri Risso (citrus mealybug); Pseudococcus spp. (other mealybug complex); Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster (pear psylla), Trioza diospyri Ashmead (persimmon psylla).

Compositions of this disclosure also hâve activity on members from the order Hemiptera including: Acrosternum hilare Say (green stink bug), Anasa tristis De Geer (squash bug), Blissus leucopterus Say (chinch bug), Cimex lectularius Linnaeus (bed bug) Corythuca gossypii Fabricius (cotton lace bug), Cyrtopeltis modesta Distant (tomato bug), Dysdercus suturellus Herrich-Schâffer (cotton stainer), Euchistus servus Say (brown stink bug), Euchistus variolarius Palisot de Beauvois (one-spotted stink bug), Graptosthetus spp. (complex of seed bugs), Halymorpha halys Stâl (brown marmorated stink bug), Leptoglossus corculus Say (leaf-footed pine seed bug), Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (tamished plant bug), Nezara viridula Linnaeus (southem green stink bug), Oebalus pugnax Fabricius (rice stink bug), Oncopeltus fasciatus Dallas (large milkweed bug), Pseudatomoscelis seriatus Reuter (cotton fleahopper). Other insect orders controlled by compounds of the disclosure include Thysanoptera (e.g., Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (western flower thrips), Scirthothrips citri Mouflon (citrus thrips), Sericothrips variabilis Beach (soybean thrips), and Thrips tabaci Lîndeman (onion thrips); and the order Coleoptera (e.g., Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Colorado potato beetle), Epilachna varivestis Mulsant (Mexican bean beetle) and wireworms of the généra Agriotes, Athous or Limonius).

Note that some contemporary classification Systems place Homoptera as a suborder within the order Hemiptera.

Of note is use of compositions of this disclosure for controlling western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). Of note is use of compounds of this disclosure for controlling potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae). Of note is use of compounds of this disclosure for controlling cotton melon aphid (Aphis gossypii). Of note is use of compounds of this disclosure for controlling diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella L.). Of note is use of compounds of this disclosure for controlling silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring ).

Compounds of the présent disclosure may also be usefiil for increasing vigor of a crop plant. This method comprises contacting the crop plant (e.g., foliage, flowers, fruit or roots) or the seed from which the crop plant is grown with compounds of Formula I or Formula II in amount suffi ci ent to achieve the desîred plant vigor effect (i.e. biologically effective amount). Typically, compounds of Formula I or Formula IÏ is applied in a fonnulated composition. Although compounds of Formula I or Formula II is often applied directly to the crop plant or its seed, it can also be applied to the locus of the crop plant, i.e. the environment of the crop plant, parti cul arly the portion of the environment in close enough proximity to allow compounds of Formula I or Formula II to migrate to the crop plant. The locus relevant to this method most commonly comprises the growth medium (i.e. medium providing nutrients to the plant), typically soil in which the plant is grown. Treatment of a crop plant to increase vigor of the crop plant thus comprises contacting the crop plant, the seed from which the crop plant is grown or the locus of the crop plant with a biologically effective amount of compounds of Formula I or Formula II.

Increased crop vigor can resuit in one or more of the following observed effects: (a) optimal crop establishment as demonstrated by excellent seed germination, crop emergence and crop stand; (b) enhanced crop growth as demonstrated by rapid and robust leaf growth (e.g., measured by leaf area index), plant height, number of tillers (e.g., for rice), root mass and overall dry weight of végétative mass of the crop; (c) împroved crop yîelds, as demonstrated by time to flowering, duration of flowering, number of flowers, total biomass accumulation (i.e. yield quantity) and/or fruit or grain grade marketability of produce (i.e. yield quali ty); (d) enhanced ability of the crop to withstand or prevent plant disease infections and arthropod, nematode or mollusk pest infestations; and (e) increased ability of the crop to withstand environmental stresses such as exposure to thermal extremes, suboptimal moisture or phytotoxic Chemicals.

The compounds of the présent disclosure may increase the vigor of treated plants compared to untreated plants by killing or otherwise preventing feeding of phytophagous invertebrate pests in the environment of the plants. In the absence of such control of phytophagous invertebrate pests, the pests reduce plant vigor by consuming plant tissues or sap, or transmitting plant pathogens such as viruses. Even in the absence of phytophagous invertebrate pests, the compounds of the disclosure may increase plant vigor by modifying metabolism of plants. Generally, the vigor of a crop plant will be most signifîcantly increased by treating the plant with a compound of the disclosure if the plant is grown in a nonideal environment, i.e. an environment comprising one or more aspects adverse to the plant achieving the full genetic potential it would exhibit in an idéal environment.

Of note is a method for increasing vigor of a crop plant wherein the crop plant is grown in an environment comprising phytophagous invertebrate pests. Also of note is a method for increasing vigor of a crop plant wherein the crop plant is grown in an environment not comprising phytophagous invertebrate pests. Also of note is a method for increasing vigor of a crop plant wherein the crop plant is grown in an environment comprising an amount of moisture less than idéal for supporting growth of the crop plant. Of note is a method for increasing vigor of a crop plant wherein the crop is rîce. Also of note is a method for increasing vigor of a crop plant wherein the crop is maize (corn). Also of note is a method for increasing vigor of a crop plant wherein the crop is soybean.

Compositions of this disclosure can also be mixed with one or more other biologically active compounds or agents including insecticides, fongicides, nematocides, bactéricides, acaricides, herbicides, herbicide safeners, growth regulators such as insect molting inhibitors and rooting stimulants, chemosterilants, semiochemicals, repellents, attractants, pheromones, feeding stimulants, other biologically active compounds or entomopathogenic bacteria, virus or fungi to form a multi-component pesticide giving an even broader spectrum of agronomie and nonagronomic utility. Thus, the présent disclosure also pertains to a composition comprising a biologically effective amount of at least one compound of Formula I or a compound of Formula II, or a combination of the foregoing compounds, at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents, and liquid diluents, and at least one additional biologically active compound or agent. For compositions of the présent disclosure, the other biologically active compounds or agents can be formulated together with the présent compounds, including compounds of Formula I or compounds of Formula II, or a combination of the foregoing compounds, to form a premix, or the other biologically active compounds or agents can be formulated separately from the présent compounds, including compounds of Fonnula I or compounds of Formula II, and the two fonnulations combined together before application (e.g., in a spray tank) or, alternatively, applied in succession.

Examples of such biologically active compounds or agents with which compounds of this disclosure can be formulated are insecticides such as abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, acynonapyr, afidopyropen ([(3S,4/Ma/t6S,6aS,12Æ,12a5,12bS>3[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-l,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy4,6a,l2b-trimethyl-ll-oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2//,l r^naphtho[2,l-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4yl]methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate), amidoflumet, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azinphos-methyl, benforacarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bifenazate, bistrifluron, borate, broflanilide, buprofezin, cadusafos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carzol, chlorantraniliprole, chiorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chloroprallethrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chlorpyrîfos-methyl, chromafenozide, clofentezin, chloroprallethrin, clothianidin, cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr™) (3-bromo-l-(3-chloro-2pyridinyl)-A^?-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-[(meihylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-l/7-pyrazole-5carboxamide), cyclaniïîprole (3-bromo-M[2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[[( 1 cyclopropylethyl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl]-l -(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-1 Æ-pyrazole-5carboxamide), cycloprothrin, cycloxaprid ((5S,8Â)-l-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-Epoxy-l//-imidazo[l,2-û]azepine), cyenopyrafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalodiamide, cyhalothrin, gamma-cybalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dicloromesotiaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimehypo, dimethoate, dimpropyridaz, dinotefuran, diofenolan, DiPel®, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilonmetofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4(trifluoromethüxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinyl methyl carbonate), flonicamid, fluazaindolizine, flubendiamide, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin (methyl (a£)-2-[[2chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-a-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), fluensulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-l-yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), fluhexafon, fluopyram, flupiprole (I-[2,6-dichIoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-[(2-methyl-2-propen-lyl)amino]>[(trifluoromethyl)sulfmyl]-l//-pyrazole-3-carbonitri!e), flupyradifurone (4-[[(6chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(57/)-furanone), flupyrimin, fluvalinate, tau-fluvalinate, fluxametamide, fonophos, formetanate, fosthiazate, gammacyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4(methoxymethyl)phenyl] methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3 - [( 12)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1 -propen-1 yl]cyclopropanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, insecticidal soaps, isofenphos, isocycloseram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambdacyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathion, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl (1Λ,35)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), metaflumizone, metaldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrin, methoxyfenozide, epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-momfluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafIuoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyI]methyl 3 -(2-cyano-1 propen- 1-yl) -2,2-dimethyIcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, oxamyl, oxazosulfyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pirimicarb, profenofos, profluthrin, propargîte, protrifenbute, pyflubumide (l,3,5-trimethyl-A^z-(2-methyI-l-oxopropyl)-iV-[3-(2methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1 -methoxy-1 -(trifluoromethyl) ethyl] phenyl]-1 H-pyrazole4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriminos (robin (methyl (a£)-2-[[[2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ammo]-6(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyI]oxy]methyl]-a-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodîclofen, spiromesifen, spiropidion, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (7V[methyIoxido[l-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridmyl]ethyl]-À⁴-sulfanylidene]cyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorantraniliprole, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl] methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), tetranili proie, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, tioxazafen (3phenyl-5-(2-thienyI)-l,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, traîomethrin, triazamate, trîchlorfon, triflumezopyrim (2,4-dioxo-l-(5-pyrimidinyhnethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyi]-2//pyrido[l,2-n]pyrimidinium inner sait), triflumuron, tyclopyrazoflor, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic viruses or entomopathogenic fungi.

Of note are insecticides such as abamectin, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, acynonapyr, afidopyropen, amitraz, avennectin, azadirachtîn, benfuracarb, bensultap, bifenthrin, buprofezin, broflanilide, cadusafos, carbaryl, cartap, chlorantranîliprole, chloroprallethrin, chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos, clothianidin, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, DiPel®, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, dieldrin, dinotefuran, diofenolan, emamectin, endosulfan, epsilon-metofluthrîn, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etoienprox, etoxazole, fenitrothîon, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin, fluxametamide, flonicamid, flubendiamide, fluensulfone, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin, flufensulfone, flupiprole, flupyrimin, flupyradifurone, fluvalinate, formetanate, fosthiazate, gamma-cyhalothrin, heptafluthrin, hexaflumuron, hydramethylnon, îmidacloprid, indoxacarb, isocycloseram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambdacyhalothrin, lufenuron, meperfluthrin, metaflumizone, methiodicarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxyfenozide, metofluthrin, monofluorothrin, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, oxamyl, pyflubumide, pymetrozine, pyrethrin, pyrîdaben, pyridalyl, pyriminostrobin, pyriproxyfen, ryanodine, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, sulfoxaflor, tebufenozide, tetramethrin, Îetramethylfluthrin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, traîomethrin, triazamate, triflumezopyrim, triflumuroii, tyclopyrazoflor, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxîns, ail strains of Bacillus thuringiensis and ail strains of nucleo polyhedrosis viruses.

One embodiment of biological agents for mîxîng with compounds of this disclosure include entomopathogénie bacteria such as Bacillus thuringiensis, and the encapsulaied delta-endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis such as MVP® and MVPII® bioinsecticides prepared by the CellCap® process (CellCap®, MVP® and MVPII® are trademarks of Mycogen Corporation, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA); entomopathogénie fungi such as green muscardine fungus; and entomopathogenic (both naturally occurring and genetically modified) viruses încluding baculovirus, nucleopolyhedro virus (NPV) such as Helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzNPV), Anagrapha falcifera nucleopolyhedrovirus (AfNPV); and granulosis virus (GV) such as Cydia pomonella granulosis virus (CpGV).

One embodiment of biological agents for mixing with compounds of this disclosure include one or a combination of (i) a bacterium of the genus Actinomycètes, Agrobacterium, Arthrobacter, Alcaligenes, Aureobacterium, Azobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia, Bradyrhizobium, Brevibacillus, Burkholderia, Chromobacterium, Clostridium, Clavibacter, Comamonas, Corynebacterium, Curtobacterium, Enterobacter, Flavobacterium, Gluconobacter, Hydrogenophaga, Klebsiella, Methylobacterium, Paenibacillus, Pasteuria, Photorhabdus, Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia, Sphingobacterium, Stenotrophomonas, Streptomyces, Variovorax, or Xenorhabdus, for example a bacterium of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus, licheniformis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Chromobacterium subtsugae, Pasteuria nishizawae, Pasteuria penetrans, Pasteuria usage, Pseudomonas fluor escens, and Streptomyces lydicus', (ii) a fungus such as green muscardine fungus; (iii) a virus including baculovirus, nucleopolyhedro virus such as Helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus, Anagrapha falcifera nucleopolyhedrovirus; granulosis virus such as Cydia pomonella granulosis virus.

Of particular note is such a combination where the other invertebrate pest control active ingrédient belongs to a different Chemical class or has a different site of action than compounds of Formula I or Formula II. In certain instances, a combination with at least one other invertebrate pest control active ingrédient having a similar spectrum of control but a different site of action will be particularly advantageous for résistance management. Thus, a composition of the présent disclosure can further comprise a biologically effective amount of at least one additional invertebrate pest control active ingrédient having a similar spectrum of control but belonging to a different Chemical class or having a different site of action. These additional biologically active compounds or agents include, but are not limited to, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as the carbamates methomyl, oxamyl, thiodîcarb, triazamate, and the organophosphates chlorpyrifos; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists such as the cyclodienes dieldrin and endosulfan, and the phenylpyrazoles ethiproie and fipronil; sodium channel modulators such as the pyrethroids bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, 6t7«-cyfluthrm, cyhalothrin, /nmMn-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, dimefluthrin, esfenvalerate, metofluthrin and profluthrin; nicotinic acetylcholinereceptor (nAChR) agonists such as the neonicotinoids acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, nithiazine, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam, and sulfoxaflor; nicotinic acétylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric activators such as the spinosyns spinetoram and spinosad; chloride channel activators such as the avermectins abamectin and emamectin; juvénile hormone mimics such as diofenolan, methoprene, fenoxycarb and pyriproxyfen; sélective homopteran feeding blockers such as pymetrozine and flonicamid; mite growth inhibitors such as etoxazole; inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase such as propargite; ucouplers of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of the proton gradient such as chlorfenapyr; nicotinic acétylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers such as the nereistoxin analogs cartap; inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis such as the benzoylureas flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron and triflumuron, and buprofezin; dipteran moulting disrupters such as cyromazine; ecdysone receptor agonists such as the diacylhydrazines methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide; octopamine receptor agonists such as amitraz; mitochondrial complex 111 électron transport inhibitors such as hydramethylnon; mitochondrial complex I électron transport inhibitors such as pyridaben; voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers such as indoxacarb; inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase such as the tetronic and tetramic acids spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat; mitochondrial complex II électron transport inhibitors such as the β-ketonitriles cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen; ryanidine receptor modulators such as the anthranilic diamides chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole, diamides such as flubendiamide, and ryanodine receptor ligands such as ryanodine; compounds wherein the target site responsible for biological activity is unknown or uncharacterized such as azadirachtin, bifenazate, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon and triflumezopyrim; microbial disrupters of însect midgut membranes such as Bacillus thuringensis and the delta-endotoxins they produce and Bacillus sphaericus', and biological agents including nucleo polyhedro viruses (NPV) and other naturally occurring or genetically modified insecticidal viruses.

Further examples of biologically active compounds or agents with which compounds of this disclosure can be formulated are: fungicides such as acibenzolar-S-methyl, aldimorph, ametoctradin, aminopyrifen, amisulbrom, anflazine, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, benalaxyl (including benalaxyl-M), benodanil, benomyl, benthiavalicarb (including benthiavalicarb-isopropyl), benzovindiflupyr, bethoxazîn, binapacryl, biphenyl, bîtertanol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, boscalid, bromuconazole, bupirimate, butbiobate, carboxin, carpropamid, captafol, captan. carbendazim, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, chlozolinate, copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, coumoxystrobin, cyazofamid, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dichlobentiazox, dichlofluanid, diclocymet, diclomezine, dicloran, diethofencarb, difenoconazoie, diflumetorim, dimethirimol, dimetbomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole (including diniconazole-M), dinocap, dipymetitrone, dithianon, ditbiolanes, dodemorph, dodine, econazole, etaconazole, edifenphos, enoxastrobin (also known as enestroburin), epoxiconazole, ethaboxam, ethirimol, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenaminstrobin, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamide, fenoxanîl, fenpiclonil, fenpicoxamid, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenpyrazamine, fentîn acetate, fentin hydroxide, ferbam, ferimzone, flometoquin, florylpicoxamid, fhiopimomîde, fluazînam, flubeneteram, tludioxonil, flufenoxystrobin, fluindapyr, flumorph, fluopicolide, fluopyram, ftuoxapiprolîn, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusîlazole, flusulfamide, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, folpet, fthalide (also known as phthalide), fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furametpyr, hexaconazole, hymexazole, guazatine, imazalil, imibenconazole, iminoctadine albesilate, iminoctadine triacetate, tnpyrfluxam, iodicarb, ipconazole, ipfentrifluconazole, ipflufenoquin, isofetamîd, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, îsoflucypram, isoprothiolane, isopyrazam, isotianil, kasugamycin, kresoxim-m ethyl, lancotrione, mancozeb, mandipropamid, mandestrobin, maneb, mapanipyrin, mefentrifluconazole, inepronil, meptyl dinocap, metalaxyl (including metalaxyl-M/mefenoxam), metconazole, methasulfocarb, metiram, metominostrobin, metyltetraprole, metrafenone, myclobutanil, naftitine, neo-asozin (ferrie methanearsonate), nuarimol, octhilinone, ofurace, orysastrobin, oxadixyi, oxathiapiprolin, oxolinic acid, oxpoconazole, oxycarboxîn, oxytetracycline, penconazole, pencycuron, penflufen, penthiopyrad, perfurazoate, phosphorous acid (including salts thereof, e.g., fosetyl-aluminm), picoxystrobin, piperalin, polyoxin, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazid, prothiocarb, prothîoconazole, pydiflumetofen (Adepidyn®), pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyrapropoyne, pyraoxystrobin, pyraziflumid, pyrazophos, pyribencarb, pyributacarb, pyridachlometyl, pyrifenox, pyriofenone, perisoxazole, pyrimethanil, pyrifenox, pyrrolnitrin, pyroquilon, quinconazole, quinmethionate, quinofumelin, quinox yfen, quintozene, silthiofam, sedaxane, simeconazole, spiroxamîne, streptomycin, sulfur, tebuconazole, tebufloquin, teclofthalam, tecloftalam, teenazene, terbinafme, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thifluzamide, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, tiadinil, tolclofos-methyl, tolprocarb, tolyfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, triarimol, triazoxide, tribasîc copper sulfate, triclopyricarb, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, trimoprhamide trîcyclazole, trifloxystrobin, triforine, tritîconazole, uniconazole, validamycin, valifenalate (also known as valifenal), vinclozolin, zineb, ziram, zoxamide and l-[4-[4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyI)-4_î5-dihydrO'3-isoxazolyl]-2-thiazolyI]-l-piperîdinyl]-2-[5methyl-3-(trifluoromethyI)-l//-pyrazol-l-yl]ethanone; nematocides such as fluopyram, spirotetramat, thiodicarb, fosthiazate, abamectin, iprodione, fluensulfone, dimethyl disulfide, tioxazafen, 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), metam (sodium and potassium), dazomet, chloropicrin, fenamiphos, ethoprophos, cadusaphos, terbufos, imicyafos, oxamyl, carbofuran, tioxazafen, Bacillus firmus and Pasteuria nishizawae; bactéricides such as streptomycin; acarîcides such as amitraz, chinomethionat, chlorobenzilate, cyhexatin, dicofol, dîenochlor, etoxazole, fenazaquin, fenbutatin oxide, fenpropathrin, fenpyroximate, hexythiazox, propargite, pyridaben and tebufenpyrad.

In certain instances, combinations of a compound of this disclosure with other biologîcally active (particularly invertebrate pest control) compounds or agents (i.e. active ingrédients) can resuit in a greater-than-additive (i.e. synergistic) effect. Reducing the quantity of active ingrédients released in the environment while ensuring effective pest control îs always désirable. When synergîsm of invertebrate pest control active ingrédients occurs at application rates giving agronomically satisfactory levels of invertebrate pest control, such combinations can be advantageous for reducing crop production cost and decreasing environmental load.

Compounds of this disclosure and compositions thereof can be applied to plants genetically transformed to express proteins toxic to invertebrate pests (such as Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins). Such an application may provide a broader spectrum of plant protection and be advantageous for résistance management. The effect of the exogenously applied invertebrate pest control compounds of this disclosure may be synergistic with the expressed toxin proteins.

General référencés for these agricultural protectants (i.e. insecticides, fongicides, nematocides, acaricides, herbicides and biological agents) include The Pesticide Manual, 13th Edition, C. D. S. Tomlin, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Famham, Surrey, U.K., 2003 and The BioPesticide Manual, 2^nd Edition, L. G. Copping, Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Famham, Surrey, U.K., 2001.

Invertebrate pests are controlled in agronomie and nonagronomic applications by applying one or more compounds of this disclosure, typically in the form of a composition, in a biologîcally effective amount, to the environment of the pests, including the agronomie and/or nonagronomic locus of infestation, to the area to be protected, or directly on the pests to be controlled.

Thus, the présent disclosure comprises a method for controlling an invertebrate pest in agronomie and/or nonagronomic applications, comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of one or more of the compounds of the disclosure, or with a composition comprising at least one such compound or a composition comprising ai least one such compound and a biologically effective amount of at least one additional biologically active compound or agent. Examples of suitable compositions comprising a compound of the disclosure and a biologically effective amount of ai least one additional biologically active compound or agent include granular compositions wherein the additional active compound is présent on the same granule as the compound of the disclosure or on granules séparaie from those of the compound of the disclosure.

To achieve contact with a compound or composition of the disclosure to protect a field crop from invertebrate pests, the compound or composition is typically applied to the seed of the crop before planting, to the foliage (e.g., leaves, stems, flowers, fruits) of crop plants, or to the soil or other growth medium before or after the crop is planted.

One embodiment of a method of contact is by spraying. Alternatively, a granular composition comprising a compound of the disclosure can be applied to the plant foliage or the soil. Compounds of this disclosure can also be effectively delivered through plant uptake by contacting the plant with a composition comprising a compound of this disclosure applied as a soil drench of a liquid formulation, a granular formulation to the soil, a nursery box treatment or a dip of transplants. Of note is a composition of the présent disclosure in the form of a soil drench liquid formulation. Also of note is a method for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a compound of the présent disclosure or with a composition comprising a biologically effective amount of a compound of the présent disclosure. Of further note is this method wherein the environment is soil and the composition is applied to the soil as a soil drench formulation. Of further note is that compounds of this disclosure are also effective by localized application to the locus of infestation. Other methods of contact include application of a compound or a composition of the disclosure by direct and residual sprays, aerial sprays, gels, seed coatings, microencapsulations, systemic uptake, baits, ear tags, bol uses, foggers, fumigants, aérosols, dusts and many others. One embodiment of a method of contact is a dimensîonally stable fertilizer granule, stick or tablet comprising a compound or composition of the disclosure. The compounds of this disclosure can also be impregnated into materials for fabricating invertebrate control devices (e.g., insect netting).

Compounds of the disclosure are useful in treating ail plants, plant parts and seeds. Plant and seed varieties and cultivars can be obtained by conventional propagation and b reedi ng methods or by genetic engineering methods. Genetically modified plants or seeds (transgénie plants or seeds) are those in which a heterologous gene (transgene) has been stably integrated into the plant’s or seed's genome. A transgene that is defined by îts particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event.

Genetically modified plant and seed cultivars which can be treated according to the disclosure include those that are résistant against one or more biotic stresses (pests such as nematodes, insects, mites, fungi, etc.) or abiotic stresses (drought, cold température, soil salinity, etc.), or that contain other désirable characteristics. Plants and seeds can be genetically modified to exhibit traits of, for example, herbicide tolérance, insect-résistance, modified oil profiles or drought tolérance.

Treatment of genetically modified plants and seeds with compounds of the disclosure may resuit in super-additive or synergistic effects. For example, réduction in application rates, broadening of the activity spectrum, increased tolérance to biotic/abiotic stresses or enhanced storage stability may be greater than expected from just simple additive effects of the application of compounds of the disclosure on genetically modified plants and seeds.

Compounds of this disclosure are also useful in seed treatments for protecting seeds from invertebrate pests. In the context of the présent disclosure and daims, treating a seed means contacting the seed with a biologically effective amount of a compound of this disclosure, which is typically formulated as a composition of the disclosure. This seed treatment protects the seed from invertebrate soil pests and generally can also protect roots and other plant parts in contact with the soil of the seedling developing from the germinating seed. The seed treatment may also provide protection of foliage by translocation of the compound of this disclosure or a second active ingrédient within the developing plant. Seed treatments can be applied to ail types of seeds, includîng those from which plants genetically transformed to express specialized traits will germinate. Représentative examples include those expressing proteins toxic to invertebrate pests, such as Bacillus thuringiensis toxin or those expressing herbicide résistance such as glyphosate acetyltransferase, which provides résistance to glyphosate. Seed treatments with compounds of this disclosure can also increase vigor of plants growing from the seed.

One method of seed treatment îs by spraying or dusting the seed with a compound of the disclosure (i.e. as a formulated composition) before sowing the seeds. Compositions formulated for seed treatment generally comprise a film former or adhesive agent. Therefore, typically a seed coating composition of the présent disclosure comprises a biologically effective amount of compounds of Formula I or Formula Π, and a film former or adhesive agent. Seed can be coated by spraying a flowable suspension concentrate directly into a turnbling bed of seeds and then drying the seeds. Altematively, other formulation types such as wetted powders, solutions, suspoemulsions, emulsifiable concentrâtes and émulsions in water can be sprayed on the seed. This process is particularly useful for applying film coatîngs on seeds. Various coating machines and processes are available to one skilled in the art. Suitable processes include those listed in P. Kosters et al., Seed Treatment: Progress and Prospects, 1994 BCPC Mongraph No. 57, and references listed therein.

Compounds of Formula I or Fonnula II and their compositions, both alone and in combination with other insecticides, nematicides, and fongicides, are particularly usefiil in seed treatment for crops including, but not limited to, maize or corn, soybeans, cotton, cereal (e.g., wheat, oats, barley, rye and rice), potatoes, vegetables and oilseed râpe.

Other insecticides with which compounds of Formula I or Formula II can be formulated to provide mixtures useful in seed treatment include abamectin, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, bensultap, bifenthrin, buprofezin, cadusafos, carbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos, clothianîdin, cyantraniliprole, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambdacyhalothrîn, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypennethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, dieldrin, dinotefuran, diofenolan, DiPel®, emamectin, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, etoxazole, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, fenvalerate, fipronil, flonicamid, flubendiamide, flufenoxuron, fluvalinate, fonnetanate, fosthiazate, hexaflumuron, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, lufenuron, metaflumizone, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxyfenozide, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, oxamyl, pymetrozine, pyrethrin, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyriproxyfen, ryanodine, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, sulfoxaflor, tebufenozide, tetramethrin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thîodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, tralomethrin, triazamate, triflumuron, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins, ail strains of Bacillus thuringiensis and ail strains of nucleo polyhedrosis viruses.

Fungicides with which compounds of Fonnula I or Fonnula II can be formulated to provide mixtures useful in seed treatment include amisulbrom, azoxystrobin, boscalid, carbendazim, carboxin, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, dimethomorph, fluazinam, fludioxonil, fluquinconazole, fluopicolide, fluoxastrobin, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, ipconazole, iprodione, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, metconazole, myclobutanil, paclobutrazole, penflufen, picoxystrobin, prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin, sedaxane, silthiofam, tebuconazole, thiabendazole, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, trifloxystrobin and triticonazole.

Compositions comprising compounds of Formula I or Formula II useful for seed treatment can further comprise bacteria and fungi that hâve the ability to provide protection from the harmful effects of plant pathogenic fungi or bacteria and/or soil bom animais such as nematodes. Bacteria exhibiting nematicidal properties may include but are not limited to Bacillus firmus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillius subtiliis and Pasteuria pénétrons. A suitable Bacillus firmus strain is strain CNCM 1-1582 (GB-126) which is commercially available as BioNem^M A suitable Bacillus cereus strain is strain NCMM 1-1592. Both Bacillus strains are disclosed in US 6,406,690. Other suitable bacteria exhibiting nematicidal activity are B. amyloliquefaciens IN937a and B. subtilis strain GB03. Bacteria exhibiting fungi cidal properties may include but are not limited to B. pumilus strain GB34. Fungal species exhibiting nematicidal properties may include but are not limited to Myrothecium verrucaria, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Purpurcocillmm lilacinum.

For embodiments where one or more of these varions mixing partners are used, the weight ratio of these varions mixing partners (in total) to the compound of Formula I or II, is typically between about 1; 10000 and abut 10000:1. 1:3000 and about 3000:1. Of note are weight ratios between about 1:300 and about 300:1 (for example ratios between about 1:30 and about 30:1).

Useful weight ratios of the at least one additional biological agent or pest control of the compound of Formula I or the compound of Formula II, or a sait thereof to component (b) in the mixtures, compositions and methods of the présent disclosure are typically from 10000:1 to 1:1000, from 1000:1 to 1: 500, from 100:1 to 1:100, from 20:1 to 1:20, from 10:1 to 1:10.

Of note are mixtures, compositions and methods wherein the weight ratio of component (a) the compound of Formula I or H to component (b) is from 1:150 to 200:1, from 1:150 to 50:1, from 1:50 to 10:1 or from 1:5 to 5:1.

It also is understood that any numerical range recited herein includes ail values from the lower value to the upper value. For example, if a weight ratio range is stated as 1 : 50, it is intended that values such as 2 : 40, 10 : 30, or 1 : 3, etc., are expressly enumerated in this spécification. These are only examples of what îs specifically intended, and ail possible combinations of numerical values between and including the lowest value and the highest value enumerated are to be considered to be expressly stated in this application.

One ski lied in the art can easily détermine through simple expérimentation the biologically effective amounts of active ingrédients necessary for the desired spectrum of biological activity. It will be évident that including these additional components can expand the spectrum of învertebrate pests controlled beyond the spectrum controlled by the compound of Formula I or II alone.

Table A lists spécifie combinations of a compound of Formula I or II with other invertebrate pest control agents illustrative of the mixtures, compositions and methods disclosed herein. The first column of Table A lists the spécifie invertebrate pest control agents (e.g., “Acetamiprid” in the first line). The second column of Table A lists 5 embodiments of ranges of weight ratios of rates at which a compound of Formula I or II can be applied relative to an invertebrate pest control agent (e.g., “50:1 to 1:50” of compound of Formula I or II relative to acetamiprid by weight).

Thus, for example, the first line of Table A specifically discloses the combination of a compound of Formula I or II with acetamiprid can be applied in a weight ratio between 50:1 10 to 1:50. The remaining lines of Table A are to be construed similarly. Of further note Table A lists spécifie combinations of a compound of Formula I or II with other invertebrate pest control agents illustrative of the mixtures, compositions and methods of the présent disclosure and încludes additional embodiments of weight ratio ranges for application rates.

________Table A

Invertebrate Pest Control Agent Component (b)	Typical Weight Ratio	Invertebrate Pest Control Agent Component (b)	Typical Weight Ratio
Acetamiprid	150:1 to 1:200	Flupyrimin	50:1 to 1:500
Acynonapyr	100:1 to 1:400	Indoxacarb	200:1 to 1:50
Avermectin	50:1 to 1:50	Imidacloprid	1000:1 to 1:1000
Bacillus spp. and any active crystal proteins	50:1 to 1:10	Isocycloseram	50:1 to 1:100
Benzpyrimoxan	150:1 to 1:200	Methomyl	250:1 to 1:100
Bifenthrin	100:1 to 1:10	Methoxyfenozide	500:1 to 1:100
kappa-bifenthrin	100:1 to 1:250	epsilon-Metofluthrin	200:1 to 1:100
Broflanilide,	150:1 to 1:500	Novaluron	100:1 to 1:200
Buprofezin,	500:1 to 1:50	Oxazosulfyl	100:1 to 1:200
Carboforan	200:1 to 1:100	Permethrîn	100:1 to 1:120
Chl orantraniliprol e	100:1 to 1:120	Pyriproxîfen	250:1 to 1:100
Chlorfenapyr	100:1 to 1:10	Spiropidion	1200:1 to 1:200
Chloroprallethrin	50:1 to 1:500	Spîrotetramat	150:1 to 1:100
Chlorpyrifos,	500:1 to 1:200	Sulfoxaflor	200:1 to 1:100
Clothianidin,	100:1 to 1:400	kappa-Tefluthrin	100:1 to 1:1000
Cyantraniliprole	100:1 to 1:120	Tetrachlorantraniliprole	200:1 to 1:100

Invertebrate Pest Control Agent Component (b)	Typical Weight Ratio	Invertebrate Pest Control Agent Component (b)	Typical Weight Ratio
γ-Cyhalothrin	50:1 to 1:250	Thiamethoxam	1250:1 to 1:1000
ζ-Cypermethrin	150:1 to 1:200	Tyclopyrazoflor	200:1 to 1:500
Cyromazine	400:1 to 1:50	Bacillus thuringiensis	50:1 to 1:10
Diafenthiuron	200:1 to 1:150	Dimpropyridaz	250:1 to 1:150
Dicloromezoti az	200:1 to 1:150	Dinotefuran	150:1 to 1:200
Emamectin Benzoate	500:1 to 1:100	Flonicamid	200:1 to 1:100
Fipronil	150:1 to 1:100	Flupyradifurone	200:1 to 1:200

Embodiments of the disclosure include the composition of the présent disclosure wherein the at least one additional biologically active compound or agent is selected from the Invertebrate Pest Control Agents listed in Table A above.

The weight ratios of a compound, including a compound of Formula I or II , to the 5 additional invertebrate pest control agent typically are between 10000:1 and 1:1000, with one embodiment between 1000:1 and 1:500, with one embodiment being between 500:1 and 1:500, another embodiment being between 250:1 and 1:200 and another embodiment being between 100:1 and 1:50.

Listed below in Tables A-l to A-5 are embodiments of spécifie compositions 10 comprising a compound of Formula I or II (compound numbers (Cmp No.) refer to compounds in Table 1 and Tests A-E.

Table A-l

Mixture No.	Cmp No.	Invertebrate Pest Control Agent
Al-1	1	Acetamîprid
Al-2	1	Acynonapyr
Al-3	1	Avennectin
Al-4	1	Bacillus spp.
Al-5	1	Benzpyrimoxan
Al-6	1	Bifenthrin
Al-7	1	kappa-bifenthrin
Al-8	1	Broflanilide
Al-9	1	Buprofezin
Al-10	1	Carbofuran
Al-11	1	Chlorantrani 1 îprole
Al-12	1	Chlorfenapyr

Al-13	1	Chloroprallethrin
Al-14	1	Chlorpyrifos,
Al-15	1	Clothianidin,
Al-16	1	Cyantraniiiprole
Al-17	1	γ-Cyhalothrin

Mixture Να,	Cmp Na	Invertebrate Pest Control Agent
Al-18	1	ζ-Cypermethrin
Al-19	1	Cyromazine
Al-20	1	Dîafenthiuron
Al-21	1	Dicloromezotiaz
A1-22	1	Dimpropyridaz
A1-23	1	Dinotefuran
A1-24	1	Emamectin Benzoate
Al-25	1	Fipronil
A1-26	1	Flonicamid
A1-27	1	Flupyradifurone
Al-28	1	Flupyrimin
A1-29	1	Indoxacarb
Al-30	1	Imidacloprid
Al-31	1	Isocycloseram
AI-32	1	Methomyl
A1-33	1	Methoxyfenozide
Al-34	1	epsilon-Metofluthrin
AÏ-35	1	Novaluron
Al-36	1	Oxazosulfyl
Al-37	1	Permethrin
Al-38	1	Pyriproxifen
Al-39	I	Spîropidion
A1-40	1	Spirotetramat
Al-41	1	Sulfoxaflor
A1-42	1	kappa-Tefluthrin
A1-43	1	Tetrachlorantraniliprole
A1-44	1	Thiamethoxam
A1-45	1	Tyclopyrazoflor
A1-46	1	Bacillus thuringiensis

Table A2

Table A2 is identical to Table Al, except that each reference to compound 1 in the column headed “Cmpd. No.” is replaced by a reference to compound 2. For example, the First mixture in Table 4 is designated A2-1 and is a mixture of compound 2 and the additional invertebrate pest control agent acetamiprid.

Table A3

Table A3 is identical to Table Al, except that each reference to compound 1 in the column headed “Cmpd. No.” is replaced by a reference to compound 3. For example, the first mixture in Table 5 is designated A3-1 and is a mixture of compound 3 and the additional invertebrate pest control agent acetamiprid.

Table A4

Table A4 is identical to Table Al, except that each reference to compound 1 in the column headed “Cmpd. No.” is replaced by a reference to compound 4. For example, the first mixture in Table 6 îs designated A4-1 and is a mixture of compound 4 and the additional invertebrate pest control agent acetamiprid.

Table A5

Table A5 is identical to Table Al, except that each reference to compound 1 in the column headed “Cmpd. No.” is replaced by a reference to compound 5. For example, the First mixture in Table 7 is designated A5-1 and is a mixture oF compound 5 and the additional invertebrate pest control agent acetamiprid.

Seed treatments can also include one or more nematicidal agents of natural origin such as the elicitor protein called harpin which îs isolated from certain bacterial plant pathogens such as Erwinia amylovora. An example is the Harpin-N-Tek seed treatment technology available as N-HibîtTM csT.

Seed treatments can also include one or more species of legume-root nodulating bacteria such as the microsymbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Thèse inocculants can optionally include one or more lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs), which are nodulation (Nod) factors produced by rhizobia bacteria during the initiation of nodule formation on the roots of legumes. For example, the Optimize® brand seed treatment technology incorporâtes LC O P rom o ter Technology^M combination with an inocculant.

Seed treatments can also include one or more isoflavones which can increase the level of root colonization b y mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi improve plant growth by enhancing the root uptake of nutrients such as water, sulfates, nitrates, phosphates and metals. Examples of isoflavones include, but are not limited to, genistein, biochanin A, formononetin, daidzein, glycitein, hesperetin, naringenin and pratensein. Formononetin is available as an active ingrédient in mycorrhizal inocculant products such as PHC Colonize® AG.

Seed treatments can also include one or more plant activators that induce systemic acquîred résistance in plants following contact by a pathogen. An example of a plant activator which induces such protective mechanisms is acibenzolar-5-methyl.

The treated seed typically comprises a compound of the présent disclosure in an amount from about 0.1 g to I kg per 100 kg of seed (i.e. from about 0.0001 to 1% by weight of the seed before treatment). A flowable suspension formulated for seed treatment typically comprises from about 0.5 to about 70% of the active ingrédient, from about 0.5 to about 30% of a film-formîng adhesive, from about 0.5 to about 20% of a dispersing agent, from 0 to about 5% of a thickener, from 0 to about 5% of a pigment and/or dye, from 0 to about 2% of an antifoaming agent, from 0 to about 1% of a preservative, and from 0 to about 75% of a volatile liquid diluent.

The compounds of this disclosure can be incorporated into a bait composition that is consumed by an invertebrate pest or used within a device such as a trap, bait station, and the like. Such a bait composition can be in the form of granules which comprise (a) active ingrédients, namely a biologically effective amount of compounds of Formula I or Formula II (b) one or more food materials; optionally (c) an attractant, and optionally (d) one or more humectants. Of note are granules or bait compositions which comprise between about 0.001-5% active ingrédients, about 40-99% food material and/or attractant; and optionally about 0.05-10% humectants, which are effective in controlling soil invertebrate pests at very low application rates, particularly at doses of active ingrédient that are léthal by ingestion rather than by direct contact. Some food materials can function both as a food source and an attractant. Food materials include carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Examples of food materials are vegetable flour, sugar, starches, animal fat, vegetable oil, yeast extracts and milk solids. Examples of attractants are odorants and flavorants, such as fruit or plant extracts, perfume, or other animal or plant component, pheromones or other agents known to attract a target invertebrate pest. Examples of humectants, i.e. moisture retaining agents, are glycols and other polyols, glycérine and sorbitol. Of note is a bait composition (and a method utilizing such a bait composition) used to control at least one invertebrate pest selected from the group consisting of ants, termites and cockroaches. A device for controlling an invertebrate pest can comprise the présent bait composition and a housing adapted to receive the bait composition, wherein the housing has at least one opening sized to permit the invertebrate pest to pass through the opening so the invertebrate pest can gain access to the bait composition from a location outside the housing, and wherein the housing is further adapted to be placed in or near a locus of potential or known activity for the invertebrate pest.

One embodiment of the présent disclosure relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests, comprising diluting the pesticidal composition of the présent disclosure compounds of Formula I or Formula II formulated with surfactants, solid diluents and liquid diluents or a formulated mixture of compounds of Formula I or Formula II and at least one other pesticide) with water, and optionally adding an adjuvant to form a diluted composition, and contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with an effective amount of said diluted composition.

Although a spray composition fonned by diluting with water a sufficient concentration of the présent pesticidal composition can provide sufficient efficacy for controlling invertebrate pests, separately formulated adjuvant products can also be added to spray tank mixtures. These additional adjuvants are commonly known as “spray adjuvants” or “tankmi x adjuvants”, and include any substance mixed in a spray tank to improve the performance of a pesticide or alter the physical properties of the spray mixture. Adjuvants can be surfactants, emulsifying agents, petroleum-based crop oils, crop-derived seed oîls, acidifiers, buffers, thîckeners or defoaming agents. Adjuvants are used to enhancîng efficacy (e.g., biological availabilîty, adhesion, pénétration, unîformity of coverage and durability of protection), or minimizing or eliminating spray application problems associated with incompatibility, foaming, drift, évaporation, voiatilization and dégradation. To obtain optimal performance, adjuvants are selected with regard to the properties of the active ingrédient, formulation and target (e.g., crops, insect pests).

Among the spray adjuvants, oils including crop oils, crop oil concentrâtes, vegetable oil concentrâtes and methylated seed oil concentrâtes are most commonly used to improve the efficacy of pesticides, possibly by means of promoting more even and uniform spray deposits. In situations where phytotoxicity potentially caused by oils or other waterimmiscible liquids are of concem, spray compositions prepared from the composition of the présent disclosure will generally not contain oil-based spray adjuvants. However, in situations where phytotoxicity caused by oil-based spray adjuvants is commercially insignificant, spray compositions prepared from the composition of the présent composition can also contain oil-based spray adjuvants, which can potentially further increase control of invertebrate pests, as well as rainfastness.

Products identified as “crop oil” typically contain 95 to 98% paraffm or naphtha-based Petroleum oil and 1 to 2% of one or more surfactants functioning as emulsifïers. Products identified as “crop oil concentrâtes” typically consist of 80 to 85% of emulsifiable petroleum-based oil and 15 to 20% of nonionic surfactants. Products correctly identified as “vegetable oil concentrâtes” typically consist of 80 to 85% of vegetable oil (i.e. seed or fruit oil, most commonly from cotton, linseed, soybean or sunflower) and 15 to 20% of nonionic surfactants. Adjuvant perfonnance can be improved by replacing the vegetable oil with methyl esters of fatty acids that are typically derived from vegetable oils. Examples of methylated seed oil concentrâtes include MSO® Concentrate (UAP-Loveland Products, Inc.) and Premium MSO Methylated Spray Oil (Helena Chemical Company).

The amount of adjuvants added to spray mixtures generally does not exceed about 2.5% by volume, and more typically the amount is from about 0.1 to about 1% by volume. The application rates of adjuvants added to spray mixtures are typically between about 1 to 5 L per hectare. Représentative ex amples of spray adjuvants include: Adigor® (Syngenta) 47% methylated rapeseed oil in liquid hydrocarbons, Silwet® (Helena Chemical Company) polyalkyleneoxîde modîfied heptam ethyl trisiloxane and Assist® (BASF) 17% surfactant blend in 83% paraffm based minerai oil.

The compounds of this disclosure can be applied without other adjuvants, but most often application will be of a formulation comprising one or more active ingrédients with suitable carriers, diluents, and surfactants and possibly in combination with a food depending on the contemplated end use. One method of application involves spraying a water dispersion or refined oil solution of a compound of the présent disclosure. Combinations with spray oils, spray oil concentrations, spreader stickers, adjuvants, other solvents, and synergists such as piperonyl butoxide often enhance compound efficacy. For nonagTonomic uses such sprays can be applied from spray containers such as a can, a bottle or other container, either by means of a pump or by releasing it from a pressurized container, e.g., a pressurized aérosol spray can. Such spray compositions can take various forms, for example, sprays, mists, foams, fumes or fog. Such spray compositions thus can further comprise propellants, foaming agents, etc. as the case may be. Of note is a spray composition comprising a biologically effective amount of a compound or a composition of the présent disclosure and a carrier. One embodiment of such a spray composition comprises a biologically effective amount of a compound or a composition of the présent disclosure and a propellant. Représentative propellants include, but are not limited to, methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, butene, pentane, isopentane, neopentane, pentene, hydrofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, dimethyl ether, and mixtures of the foregoing. Of note is a spray composition (and a method utilizing such a spray composition dispensed from a spray container) used to control at least one invertebrate pest selected from the group consisting of mosquitoes, black flies, stable flies, deer flies, horse flies, wasps, yellow jackets, homets, ticks, spîders, ants, gnats, and the like, includîng individually or în combinations.

The rate of application required for effective control (i.e. “biologically effective amount”) will dépend on such factors as the specîes of invertebrate to be controlled, the pest’s life cycle, life stage, its size, location, time of year, host crop or animal, feeding behavior, matîng behavîor, ambient moisture, température, and the like. Under normal circumstances, application rates of about Ü.01 to 2 kg of active ingrédients per hectare are sufficient to control pests în agronomie ecosystems, but as little as 0.0001 kg/hectare may be sufficient or as much as 8 kg/hectare may be required. For non-agronomie applications, effective use rates will range from about 1.0 to 50mg/square meter but as little as 0.1 mg/square meter may be sufficient or as much as 150 mg/square meter may be required. One skilled în the art can easily déterminé the biologically effective amount necessary for the desired level of invertebrate pest control.

Enhanced activity has been described as “the cooperative action of two components (e.g., component (a) and component (b)) in a mixture, such that the total effect is greater or more prolonged than the sum of the effects of the two (or more) taken independently” (see P. M. L. Tames, Neth. J. Plant Pathology 1964, 70, 73-S0). Mixtures containing the compounds of Formula I together with other invertebrate pest control agents are found to exhibit enhanced effects against certain important invertebrate pests.

The presence of an enhanced effect between two active ingrédients is established with the aid of the Colby équation (see S. R. Colby, “Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses ofHerbicide Combinations”, Weeds, 1967,15, 20-22):

p=A+BA x B

100

Using the method of Colby, the presence of an enhanced interaction between two active ingrédients is established by first calculating the predicted activity, p, of the mixture based on activities of the two components applied alone. If p is lower than the experimentally established effect, an enhanced interaction has occurred. If p is equal or higher than the experimentally established effect, the interaction between the two components îs characterized to be only additive or antagonism. In the équation above, A is the observed resuit of one component applied alone at rate x. The B term is the observed resuit of the second component applied at rate y. The équation estimâtes p, the expected resuit of the mixture of A at rate x with B at rate y. To use the Colby équation the active ingrédients of the mixture are applied in the test separately as well as in combination.

Ail patents and patent applications mentioned in this application are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties for ali purposes. In case of conflict between the présent disclosure and that of a patent or publication incorporated by reference, the présent disclosure Controls.

The following non-limiting examples are purely illustrative.

BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES

The following tests demonstrate the control efficacy of mixtures or compositions of this disclosure on spécifie pests, The pest control protection afforded by the mixtures or compositions is not limited, however, to these species. The analysis of enhanced activity between the mixtures or compositions was determined using Colby’s équation. The average % mortality data for the test compounds alone were inserted into the Colby’s équation. If the observed (obs) average % mortality was hîgher than “p”, the expected (exp) % mortality, the mixture or composition had enhanced effects. If the observed average % mortality was equal to or lower than the expected mortality, the mixture or composition either had no enhanced effect. For bioassays where insect feeding damage was evaluated, enhanced activity is identified when the observed plant damage is less than the expected plant damage rating; ratings ranged between 0 (no damage) and 10 (dead plant) and each value was converted to a % plant protection.

100 — (Obs Plant Damage * 10)

Thus, a plant given a plant damage rating of 3 out of 10 is équivalent to 70% plant protection In ail of these tests, compounds of Formula I are Compounds 1 (Cpd 1), 2 (Cpd2), and 3 (Cpd3) and compounds of Formula II are compounds 4 (Cpd4) and 5 (Cpd 5).

TESTA

For evaluating control of cyantraniliprole, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, chlorantraniliprole, bifenthrin, indoxacarb, Avermectîn, Bacillus spp, and any active crystal proteins, Buprofezin, Carbofuran, Chlorfenapyr, Chlorpyrifos, Clothîanidin, Cyromazine, Diafenthiuron, Dinotefuran, Emamectin Benzoate, Fipronil, Flonicamîd, Flupyradifurone, methomyl (Lannate®), Methoxyfenozide, Novaluron, Permethrin, Pyriproxifen, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, γ-Cyhalothrin, or ζ-cypermethrin, broflanilide, dimpropyridaz, isocycloseram, tetrachlorantraniliprole, oxazosulfyl, tyclopyrazoflor, flupyrimin, spiropidion, acynonapyr, benzpyrimoxan, chloroprallethrin, epsilonmetofluthrîn, kappa-bifenthrin, dicloromezotiaz, and kappa-tefluthrin.

For evaluating control of silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) through contact and/or systemic means, each test unit consi sted of a small open container with a 12- to 14-day-old cotton plant or 5-7 day old soybean plant insîde. This was pre-infested by placing test units into cages containing adult whiteflies so that 5 oviposition on the cotton leaves could occur. The adults were removed from the plants with an air-blast nozzle, and the test units were capped. The test units were then stored 2 to 3 days before spraying.

Test compounds were formulated using a solution containing 10% acetone, 90% water and 300 ppm Activator 90® Spreader Lo-Foam Formula non-ionic surfactant containing 10 alkylarylpolyoxyethyleue, free fatty acids, glycols and 2-propanol (Loveland Industries, Inc.) to provide the desired concentration in ppm. Formulated test solutions were then applied in 1 mL volumes through a SUJ2 atomizer nozzle with 1/8 JJ custom body (Spraying Systems Co.) positioned 1.27 cm (0.5 inches) above the top of each test unit.

The results for ail experimental compositions m this test were replîcated three times. 15 After spraying of the formulated test composition, each test unit was allowed to dry for I hour and the cap removed. The test units were held for 13 days in a growth chamber at 28°C and 50-70% relative humidity. Each test unit was then assessed for insect mortality using a binocular microscope; the results are listed in Tables 2a-i.

Table 2a - Mixtures comprising Cyantraniliprole and their activity on Silverleaf Whitefly Treatment Rate Ratio % Mortality % Mortality ¹ ____________________:___________ [ppm] ________________ (obs) ; (exp)

Cpd 4	50		5.9
Cpd 4	250		11.1
Cpd 2	50		10.9
Cpd 2	250		74.5
' Cpd 1	50		0
fCpdl	250		1S.8
Cpd 3	50		25
Cpd 3	250		1.6
Cpd 5	50		17
Cpd 5	250		13.5
Cyantraniliprole	3		29.1
Cyantraniliprole	5.5		61.1
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3	1:0.06	25	62.7
Cpd 4+ Cyantraniliprole	50 + 5.5	1:0.11	69.4	82.2
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3	1:0.012	21.5	31.4
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 5.5	1:0.022	67.9	73.3
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3	1:0.06	38.2*	26.5

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 5.5	1:0.11	66.7	76
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3	1:0.012	94.8*	42.9
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 5.5	1:0.022	100.0*	84
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3	1:0.06	27.9	37.3
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 5.5	1:0.11	89.8*	76.3
Cpd 1+Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3	1:0.012	76.1*	16.2
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 5.5	1:0.022	77.1	77.4
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3	1:0.06	24.6*	10.9
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 5.5	1:0.11	70.5	79.3
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3	1:0.012	39.2*	25
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 5.5	1:0.022	71.6*	20.1
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3	1:0.06	39.2*	37.7
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 5.5	1:0.11	45.8*	14.9
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3	1:0.012	59.2*	41.2
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 5.5	1:0.022	68.2*	66.3

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 2b - Mixtures comprising Acetamiprid and their activity on Silverleaf Whitefly | Treatment Rate [ppm] Ratio % Mortaïity % Mortality ____________________________________________(obs)__________(exp)

Cpd 4	50	46.7
Cpd 4	250		20
Cpd 2	50		80
Cpd 2	250		53.3
1 Cpd I	50		80
Cpd 1	250		0
Cpd 3	50		0
| Cpd 3	250	0
Cpd 5	50		49
Cpd 5	250		19.2
Acetamiprid	2.52		6.5
Acetamiprid	6.88		25.4
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	50 + 2.52	1:0.0504	65.7*	50.1
Cpd 4+ Acetamiprid	50 + 6.88	1:0.1376	43.6	60.2
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	250 + 2.52	1:0.01008	40.3*	25.2
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	250 + 6.88	1:0.02752	81.9*	40.3

Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	50 + 2.52	1:0.0504	28	81.3
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	50 + 6.88	1:0.1376	53.1	85.1
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	250 + 2.52	1:0.01008	60.0*	56.3
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	250 + 6.88	1:0.02752	100.0*	65.2
Cpdl + Acetamiprid	50 + 2.52	1:0.0504	34.1	81.3
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	50 + 6.88	1:0.1376	44.7*	25.4
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	250 + 2.52	1:0.01008	23.3*	6.5
Cpdl + Acetamiprid	250 + 6.88	1:0.02752	62.3*	25.4
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	50 + 2.52	1:0.0504	20.5*	6.5
Cpd 3+ Acetamiprid	50 + 6.88	1:0.1376	40.4*	25.4
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	250 + 2.52	1:0.01008	21.6*	6.5
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	250 + 6.88	1:0.02752	62.2*	25.4
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	50 + 2.52	1:0.0504	45.3	52.3
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	50 + 6.88	1:0.1376	83.7*	61.9
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	250 + 2.52	1:0.01008	56.4*	24.4
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	250 + 6.88	1:0.02752	64.4*	39.7

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 2c — Mixtures

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio % Mortality
		__________ (obs)

S ilverl eaf Whitefly % Mortality j

1 Cpd 4	50	1 16.1
Cpd 4	250		1 20.5
Cpd 2	50		11.8
Cpd 2	250		75.4
Cpd 1	50		0
Cpd 1	250		3.1
Cpd 3	50		16.1
Cpd 3	250		26.7
Cpd 5	50		56.5
Cpd 5	250		41.1
Imidacloprid	15.1		0
Imidacloprid	21.15		24.7
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	50+15.1	1:0.302	50.0*	16.1
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	50 + 21.15	1:0.423	39.7*	36.8
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	250+ 15.1	1:0.0604	0	20.5
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	250 + 21.15	1:0.0846	13	40.1 I

Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	50+ 15.1	1:0.302	26.3*	11.8
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	50 + 21.15	1:0.423	58.1*	33.5
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	250+ 15.1	1:0.0604	96.7*	75.4
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	250 + 21.15	1:0.0846	100.0*	81.5
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	50+ 15.1	1:0.302	34.3*	0
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	50 + 21.15	1:0.423	41.3*	24.7
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	250+ 15.1	1:0.0604	23.8*	3.1
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	250 + 21.15	1:0.0846	34.7	40.1
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	50+ 15.1	1:0.302	0	16.1
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	50 + 21.15	1:0.423	13.7	36.8
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	250+ 15.1	1:0.0604	0	26.7
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	250 + 21.15	1:0.0846	36.0*	27
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	50+ 15.1	1:0.302	25.2*	16.1
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	50 + 21.15	1:0.423	54.4	67.3
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	250+ 15.1	1:0.0604	54.4	55.6
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	250 + 21.15	1:0.0846	23.4	55.6

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby fonnula

Table 2d - Mixtures compnsmg Spirotetramat and their activity on Silvcrleaf Whitefly

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortalîty (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		4.9
Cpd 4	250		8.3
Cpd 2	50		7.5
Cpd 2	250		28
Cpdl	50		0
Cpd l	250		1.3
Cpd 3	50		1.2
Cpd 3	250		1.1
Cpd 5	50		8.9
Cpd 5	250		11.7
Spirotetramat	50		2·1 _____
Spirotetramat	250	34.4
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50	1:1	0	6.8
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250	1:5	9.1	37.6
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	250 + 50	1:0.2	0	10.2

Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250	1:1	1.9	39.9
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50	1:1	0	9.4
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250	1:5	9.4	39.3
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	250 + 50	1:0.2	25.3	29.5
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250	1:1	53.0*	52.8
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50	1:1	2.4*	2.1
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250	1:5	20.5	34.4
Cpd 1+ Spirotetramat	250 + 50	1:0.2	0	2.1
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250	1:1	31.4	34.4
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50	1:1	0	2.1
Cpd 3+ Spirotetramat	50 + 250	1:5	28.1	34.4
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	250+ 50	1:0.2	0	2.1
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250	1:1	61.0*	34.4
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50	1:1	32.8*	10.8
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250	1:5	35.7	40.2
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	250+ 50	1:0.2	46.4*	13.5
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250	1:1	28.8	42.1

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 2e - Mixtures comprising Chlorantraniiiprole and their activity on Silverleaf Whitefly
Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio ! % Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50	29
Cpd 4	250	38.3
Cpd 2	50		17.8
Cpd 2	250		90.2
Cpd 1	50	0
Cpd 1	250	2.2 :
Cpd 3	50		1.3
Cpd 3	250		1.2
Cpd 5	50		56.3
Cpd 5	250		11.2
Chlorantraniiiprole	0.54		0
Chlorantraniiiprole	189.1		59.2
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniiiprole	50 + 0.54	1:0.0108	27.6	29
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniiiprole	50+ 189.1	1:3.782	97 1 *	71.1
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniiiprole	250 + 0.54	1:0.0022	20.6	38.3
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniiiprole	250+ 189.1	1:0.7564	69.1	74.9

Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	50 + 0.54	1:0.0108	1.2	17.8
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	50+ 189.1	1:3.782	59.7	66.5
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	250 + 0.54	1:0.0022	70.5	90.2
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	250+ 189.1	1:0.7564	78.1	96
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniliprole	50 + 0.54	1:0.0108	0	0
Cpd 1+ Chlorantraniliprole	50+ 189.1	1:3.782	55.1	59.2
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniliprole	250 + 0.54	1:0.0022	1.3	2.2
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniliprole	250+ 189.1	1:0.7564	75.0*	60.2
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	50 + 0.54	1:0.0108	3.7*	1.3
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	50+ 189.1	1:3.782	39.7	59.8
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	250 + 0.54	1:0.0022	12.0*	1.2
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	250+ 189.1	1:0.7564	69.0*	59.7
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	50 + 0.54	1:0.0108	7.9	56.3
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	50+ 189.1	1:3.782	48.9	82.2
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	250 + 0.54	1:0.0022	13.5*	11.2
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	250+ 189.1	1:0.7564	59.7	63.8

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 2f- Mixtures comprising Bifenthrin and their activityon Silverleaf Whitefly

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		15
Cpd 4	250		17.9
Cpd 2	50		15.7
Cpd 2	250		90.6
Cpd 1	50		9.3
Cpd 1	250		0
Cpd 3	50		21.2
Cpd 3	250		25.3
Cpd 5	50		84.4
Cpd 5	250		55.1
Bifenthrin	50		o
Bifenthrin	250		0
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	50 + 50	1:1	17.9*	15
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	50 + 250	1:5	78.3*	15
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	250 + 50	1:0.2	14.3	17.9
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	250 + 250	1:1	60.3*	17.9

Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	50 + 50	1:1	22.5*	15.7
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	50 + 250	1:5	75.0*	15.7
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	250 + 50	1:0.2	100*	90.6
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	250 + 250	1:1	100*	90.6
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	50+50	1:1	0	9.3
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	50 + 250	1:5	4.8*	0
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	250 + 50	1:0.2	3.6*	0
Cpd 1+ Bifenthrin	250 + 250	1:1	11.9*	0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	50 + 50	1:1	0	0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	50 + 250	1:5	24.2*	0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	250 + 50	1:0.2	0	0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	250 + 250	1:1	27.6*	0
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	50 + 50	1:1	26.7	84.4
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	50 + 250	1:5	95.2*	84.4
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	250 + 50	1:0.2	27.3	55.1
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	250 + 250	1:1	74.6*	55.1

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 2g - Mixtures comprising Indoxacarb and their activity on Silverleaf Whitefly

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality («P)
Cpd 4	50		30.6 i
Cpd 4	250		23.1
Cpd 2	50	. 31.1
Cpd 2	250	91.7
Cpdl	50		2.6
Cpd 1	250		2.1
Cpd 3	50		18
Cpd 3	250		27.7
Cpd 5	50		30	L_ _____
Cpd 5	250		73.4
Indoxacarb	50		1.2
Indoxacarb	250		0
Cpd 4 h- Indoxacarb	50 + 50	1:1	38.2*	31.5
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	50 + 250	1:5	90.3*	30.6
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	250 + 50	1:0.2	11.1	24
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	250 + 250	1:1	35.5*	23.1
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	50 + 50	1:1	1.7	32

Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	50 + 250	1:5	2.5	31.1
Cpd 2 -i- Indoxacarb	250 + 50	1:0.2	100.0*	91.8
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	250 + 250	1:1	97.4*	91.7
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	50 + 50	1:1	8.0*	3.8
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	50 + 250	1:5	1.5*	0
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	250 + 50	1:0.2	0	1.2
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	250 + 250	1:1	6.7*	0
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	50+50	1:1	20.4*	1.2
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	50 + 250	1:5	8.8*	0
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	250 + 50	1:0.2	1.6*	1.2
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	250 + 250	1:1	0	0
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	50 + 50	1:1	46.0*	30·9
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	50 + 250	1:5	83.8*	30
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	250 + 50	1:0.2	50	73.8
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	250 + 250	1:1	73.9*	73.4

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby fonnuia

Table 2h - Mixtures with Spinetoram and activity on Silverleaf Whitefly

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0.9
Cpd 4	250		9.2
Cpd 2	50		0
Cpd 2	250		2.9
Cpd 1	50		2.4
Cpd 1	250		7.6
Cpd 3	50		0
Cpd 3	250		0
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		6.9
Spinetoram	5		0
Spinetoram	29.5		64.4
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	50 + 5	1:0.1	20.5	0.9
' Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	50 + 29.5	1:0.59	88.9*	64.7
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	250 + 5	1:0.02	44.6	67.7
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	250 + 29.5	1:0.118	77.6*	67.7

Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	50 + 5	1:0.1	23.9	64.7
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	50 + 29.5	1:0.59	85.5*	64.7
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	250 + 5	1:0.02	21.1*	9.2
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	250 + 29.5	1:0.118	92.2*	67.7
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	50 + 5	1:0.1	20.5*	0.9
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	50 + 29.5	1:0.59	83.8*	64.7
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	250 + 5	1:0.02	16.7*	9.2
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	250 + 29.5	1:0.118	98.0*	67.7
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	50 + 5	1:0.1	8.5*	0.9
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	50 + 29.5	1:0.59	62.0	64.7
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	250 + 5	1:0.02	19.1*	9.2
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	250 + 29.5	1:0.118	48.0	67.7
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	50 + 5	1:0.1	20.0*	0.9
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	50 + 29.5	1:0.59	100*	64.7
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	250 + 5	1:0.02	22.6*	9.2
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	250 + 29.5	1:0.118	70.7*	67.7

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby fonnula

Table 2i - Mixtures with Pyriproxyfen and activity on Silverleaf Whitefly Treatment | Rate [ppm] | Ratio % Mortality | % Mortality !

____________________________________i_____________________________________j (obs) (exp)

Cpd 4	50		7
Cpd 4	250		8
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5 Pyriproxyfen	250 0.053	_____	0 68	- ---
Cpd 4 + Pyriproxyfen	50 + 0.053	1:0.00106	46	70
Cpd 4 + Pyriproxyfen	250 + 0.053	1:0.000212	66	70
Cpd 5 + Pyriproxyfen	50 + 0.053	1:0.00106	64	68
Cpd 5 + Pyriproxyfen	250 + 0.053	1:0.000212	65	68

TEST B

For evaluating control of the Western Flower Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis

Pergande) through contact and/or systemic means, each test unit consisted of a small open container with a 5- to 7-day-old bean (var. Soleil) plant inside.

Test solutions were formulated and sprayed with 3 réplications as described for Test A. After spraying, the test unîts were allowed to dry for 1 hour, 22 to 27 adult thrips were added to each unit and then a black, screened cap was piaced on top. The test units were held for 7 days at 25 °C and 45-55% relative humidity. To evaluate the level of plant protection provided by each treatment, each test unit was then visually assessed for plant damage inflicted by insect feeding and rated 0-10, where 0 = undamaged and 10 = plant is dead; the results are listed in Tables 3a-g.

Table 3a - Mixtures comprising Cyantraniliprole and their activity on Western Flower

T	irips
Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Damage (obs)	Plant Damage (exp)
Cpd 4	11.1		43.3
Cpd 4	36.8		86.7
Cpd 2	1.5		13.3
Cpd 2	4.5		56.7
Cpd 1	3.18		33.3
Cpd 1	9.75		73.3
Cpd 3	2.93		13.3
Cpd 3	16.1		83.3
Cpd 5	0.4		20.0
Cpd 5	2		40.0
Cyantraniliprole	0.08		6.7
Cyantranilîprole	0.28		43.3
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	11.1 +0.08	1:0.0072	46.7	47.1
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	11.1+0.28	1:0.0252	83.3*	67.9

Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	36.8 + 0.08	1:0.0022	73.3	87.6
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	36.8 + 0.28	1:0.0076	86.7*	50.9
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	1.5 + 0.08	1:0.0533	56.7*	19.1
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	1.5 + 0.28	1:0.1867	66.7*	59.6
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	4.5 + 0.08	1:0.0178	76.7	76.9
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	4.5+0.28	1:0.0622	86.7*	75.4
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	3.18 + 0.08	1:0.0252	70.0*	37.8
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	3.18 + 0.28	1:0.0881	70.0*	62.2
Cpd I + Cyantraniliprole	9.75 + 0.08	1:0.0082	36.7	75.1
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	9.75 + 0.28	1:0.0287	90.0*	84.9
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	2.93 + 0.08	1:0.0273	36.7*	19.1
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	2.93+0.28	1:0.0956	Γ 63.3*	50.9
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	16.1+0.08	1:0.005	70.0	90.6
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	16.1 +0.28	1:0.0174	96.7*	90.6
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	0.4 + 0.08	1:0.2	20.0	25.3
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	0.4 + 0.28	1:0.7	23.3	54.7
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	2 + 0.08	1:0.04	36.7	44.0
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	2 + 0.28	1:0.14	60.0	66.0

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 3b - Mixtures comprising Acetamiprid and their activity on Western Flower Thrips
Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	11.1		40.0
Cpd 4	36.8		86.7
Cpd 2	1.5		16.7
Cpd 2	4.5		83.3
Cpd 1	3.18		73.3
Cpd 1	9.75		76.7
Cpd 3	2.93		40.0
Cpd 3	16.1		76.7
Cpd 5	0.4		23.3
Cpd 5	2		36.7
Acetamiprid	5.49		30.0
Acetamiprid	7.04		70.0
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	11.1 + 5.49	1:0.4946	90.0*	58.0
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	11.1 +7.04	1:0.6342	93.3*	82.0

Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	36.8 + 5.49	1:0.1492	93.3*	90.7
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	36.8 + 7.04	1:0.1913	96.7*	75.0
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	1.5 + 5.49	1:3.66	86.7*	41.7
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	1.5 + 7.04	1:4.6933	86.7	88.3
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	4.5 + 5.49	1:1.22	80.0	98.3
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	4.5 + 7.04	1:1.5644	90.0	95.0
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	3.18 + 5.49	1:1.7264	86.7*	81.3
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	3.18 + 7.04	1:2.2138	90.0	92.0
Cpd I + Acetamiprid	9.75 + 5.49	1:0.5631	93.3*	83.7
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	9.75 + 7.04	1:0.7221	100.0*	93.0
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	2.93 + 5.49	1:1.8737	80.0*	58.0
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	2.93 + 7.04	1:2.4027	90.0*	82.0
Cpd 3+ Acetamiprid	16.1 + 5.49	1:0.341	93.3*	93.0
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	16.1 + 7.04	1:0.4373	100.0*	93.0
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	0.4 + 5.49	1:13.725	30.0	46.3
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	0.4 + 7.04	1:17.6	63.3	77.0
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	2 + 5.49	1:2.745	63.3*	55.7
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	2 + 7.04	1:3.52	80.0	81.0

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby fonnula

Table 3c - Mixtures comprising Imidacloprid and their aetivity on Western Flower Thrips
Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	11.1		36.7
Cpd 4	36.8		70.0
Cpd 2	1.5		43.3
Cpd 2	4.5		80.0
Cpd 1	3.18		63.3
Cpd 1	9.75		83.3
Cpd 3	2.93		33.3
Cpd 3	16.1		80.0
Cpd 5	0.4		16.7
Cpd 5	2		40.0
Imidacloprid	6.4		66.7
Imidacloprid	10.9		86.7
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	11.1+6.4	1:0.5766	90.0*	78.9
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	11.1 + 10.9	1:0.982	90.0	91.6

Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	36.8 + 6.4	1:0.1739	83.3	90.0
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	36.8+ 10.9	1:0.2962	96.7*	92.4
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	1.5 + 6.4	1:4.2667	73.3	81.1
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	1.5 + 10.9	1:7.2667	90.0	93.3
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	4.5 + 6.4	1:1.4222	83.3	98.0
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	4.5 + 10.9	1:2.4222	93.3	97.3
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	3.18 + 6.4	1:2.0126	86.7	87.8
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	3.18 + 10.9	1:3.4277	93.3	95.1
Cpd I + Imidacloprid	9.75+6.4	1:0.6564	90.0	94.4
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	9.75+ 10.9	1:1.1179	90.0	97.8
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	2.93 + 6.4	1:2.1843	83.3*	77.8
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	2.93 + 10.9	1:3.7201	93.3*	91.1
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	16.1 +6.4	1:0.3975	80.0	97.3
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	16.1 + 10.9	1:0.677	100.0*	97.3
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	0.4 + 6.4	1:16	80.0*	72.2
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	0.4+10.9	1:27.25	80.0	88.9
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	2 + 6.4	1:3.2	46.7	80.0
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	2+ 10.9	1:5.45	86.7	92.0

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 3d - Mixtures comprising Spirotetramat and their activity on Western Flower Thrips

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	11.1		60.0
Cpd 4	36.8		93.3
Cpd 2	1.5		36.7
Cpd 2	4.5		76.7
Cpd 1	3.18		63.3
Cpd 1	9.75		90.0
Cpd 4	2.93		50.0
Cpd 4	16.1		86.7
Cpd 5	0.4		43.3
Cpd 5	2		63.3
Spirotetramat	100		53.3
Spirotetramat	250		73.3
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	11.1 + 100	1:9.009	66.7	81.3
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	11.1 +250	1:22.5225	83.3	89.3

Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	36.8+100	1:2.7174	93.3	96.9
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	36.8 + 250	1:6.7935	86.7*	83.1
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	1.5 + 100	1:66.6667	60.0	70.4
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	1.5+250	1:166.6667	86.7	89.1
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	4.5 + 100	1:22.2222	90.0	92.2
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	4.5+250	1:55.5556	96.7*	93.8
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	3.18 + 100	1:31.4465	86.7*	82.9
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	3.18 + 250	1:78.6164	86.7	90.2
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	9.75+100	1:10.2564	86.7	95.3
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	9.75 + 250	1:25.641	96.7	97.3
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	2.93 + 100	1:34.1297	56.7	76.7
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	2.93 + 250	1:85,3242	86.7	86.7
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	16.1 + 100	1:6.2112	93.3	96.4
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	16.1 +250	1:15.528	96.7*	96.4
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	0.4+100	1:250	33.3	73.6
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	0.4 + 250	1:625	80.0	84.9
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	2+100	1:50	33.3	82.9
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	2 + 250	1:125	73.3	90.2

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 3e - Mixtures comprising Chlorantraniliprole and their activity on Western Flower Thrips

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	11.1		60.0
Cpd 4	36.8		76.7
Cpd 2	1.5		66.7
Cpd 2	4.5		43.3
Cpdl	3.18		76.7
Cpd 1	9.75		66.7
Cpd 3	2.93		83.3
Cpd 3	16.1		80.0
Cpd 5	0.4		70.0
Cpd 5	2		26.7
Chlorantrani 1 iprole	2.08		63.3
Chlorantraniliprole	28.7		60.0
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniliprole	11.1+2.08	1:0.1874	76.7	85.3
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniliprole	11.1 +28.7	1:2.5856	90.0*	84.0

Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniiiprole	36.8 + 2.08	1:0.0565	83.3	91.4
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniiiprole	36.8 + 28.7	1:0.7799	93.3*	86.7
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniiiprole	1.5 + 2.08	1:1.3867	63.3	87.8
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniiiprole	1.5 + 28.7	1:19.1333	90.0*	79.2
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniiiprole	4.5+2.08	1:0.4622	80.0	86.8
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniiiprole	4.5+28.7	1:6.3778	93.3*	77.3
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniiiprole	3.18 + 2.08	1:0.6541	66.7	91.4
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniiiprole	3.18 + 28.7	1:9.0252	90.0	90.7
Cpd 1 H- Chlorantraniiiprole	9.75 + 2.08	1:0.2133	36.7	87.8
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniiiprole	9.75 + 28.7	1:2.9436	100.0*	86.7
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniiiprole	2.93 + 2.08	1:0.7099	53.3	93.9
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniiiprole	2.93 + 28.7	1:9.7952	86.7	93.3
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniiiprole	16.1 +2.08	1:0.1292	86.7	92.0
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniiiprole	16.1 +28.7	1:1.7826	90.0	92.0
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniiiprole	0.4 + 2.08	1:5.2	33.3	89.0
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniiiprole	0.4 + 28.7	1:71.75	76.7	88.0
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniiiprole	2 + 2.08	1:1.04	76.7*	73.1
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniiiprole	2 + 28.7	1:14.35	93.3*	70.7

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 3f- Mixtures comprising Bifenthrin and their activity on Western Flower

Thrips

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	11.1		73.3
Cpd 4	36.8		90.0
Cpd 2	1.5		43.3
Cpd 2	4.5		73.3
Cpd 1	3.18		33.3
Cpd 1	9.75		80.0
Cpd 3	2.93		40.0
Cpd 3	16.1		86.7
Cpd 5	0.4		33.3
Cpd 5	2		60.0
Bifenthrin	50		36.7
Bifenthrin	250		70.0
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	11.1 + 50	1:4.5045	86.7	83.1
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	Π.1 +250	1:22.5225	96.7*	92.0
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	36.8 + 50	1:1.3587	90.0	93.7
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	36.8 + 250	1:6.7935	100.0*	83.0

Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	1.5 + 50	1:33.3333	56.7	64.1
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	1.5 + 250	1:166.6667	90.0*	83.1
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	4.5 + 50	1:11.1111	66.7	96.4
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	4.5 + 250	1:55.5556	93.38	92.0
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	3.18 + 50	1:15.7233	83.3*	57.8
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	3.18 + 250	1:78.6164	90.0*	80.0
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	9.75 + 50	1:5.1282	86.7	87.3
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	9.75 + 250	1:25.641	100.0*	94.0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	2.93 + 50	1:17.0648	73.3*	62.0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	2.93 + 250	1:85.3242	83.3*	82.0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	16.1 + 50	1:3.1056	73.3	96.0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	16.1 +250	1:15.528	93.3	96.0
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	0.4 + 50	1:125	33.3	57.8
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	0.4 + 250	1:625	73.3	80.0
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	2 + 50	1:25	66.7	74.7
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	2 + 250	1:125	90.0*	88.0

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 3g - Mixtures comprising Indoxacarb and their activity on Western Flower

Thrips

Treatment	Rate [PPm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	11.1		20.0
Cpd 4	36.8		73.3
Cpd 2	1.5		16.7
Cpd 2	4.5		33.3
Cpd 1	3.18		10.0
Cpdl	9.75		76.7
Cpd 3	2.93		43.3
Cpd 3	16.1		70.0
Cpd 5	0.4		13.3
Cpd 5	2		26.7
Indoxacarb	50		10.0
Indoxacarb	250		36.7
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	11.1+50	1:4.5045	33.3*	28.0
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	11.1 +250	1:22.5225	90.0*	49.3
Cpd 4 -+ Indoxacarb	36.8 + 50	1:1.3587	86.7*	76.0
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	36.8 + 250	1:6.7935	100.0*	47.2

Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	1.5 + 50	1:33.3333	33.3*	25.0
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	1.5 + 250	1:166.6667	80.0*	40.0
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	4.5 + 50	1:11.1111	33.3	55.6
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	4.5 + 250	1:55.5556	80.0*	57.8
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	3.18 + 50	1:15.7233	86.7*	19.0
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	3.18+250	1:78.6164	90.0*	43.0
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	9.75 + 50	1:5.1282	86.7*	79.0
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	9.75 +250	1:25.641	100.0*	85.2
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	2.93 + 50	1:17.0648	76.7*	49.0
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	2.93 +250	1:85.3242	96.7*	64.1
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	16.1+50	1:3.1056	76.7	81.0
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	16.1 +250	1:15.528	93.3*	81.0
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	0.4 + 50	1:125	40.0*	22.0
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	0.4 + 250	1:625	70.0*	45.1
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	2 + 50	1:25	70.0*	34.0
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	2 + 250	1:125	86.7*	53.6

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

TESTC

For evaluating control of Potato Leafhopper (Empoasca fabae Harris) through contact and/or systemic means, each test unit consisted of a small open container with a 5- to 6-dayold Longio bean plant (primary leaves emerged) inside. White sand was added to the top of the soil, and one of the primary leaves was excised prior to application. Test compounds were formulated and sprayed with 3 réplications as described for Test A. After spraying, the test units were allowed to dry for 1 hour before they were infested with 5 potato leafhoppers (18- to 21-day-old adults). A black, screened cap was placed on the top of each container. The test units were held for 6 days in a growth chamber at 19—21 °C and 50-70% relative humidity. Each test unît was then visually assessed for insect mortality; the results are listed in Tables 4a-c.

For evaluating control of corn planthopper (Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead)) through contact and/or systemic means, the test unit consisted of a small open container with a 3-4day-old corn (maize) plant inside. White sand was added to the top of the soil prior to application of the test compound.

Test compounds were formulated and sprayed at 250 and/or 50 ppm and/or lOppm. After spraying of the formulated test compound, the test units were allowed to dry for 1 h before they were post-infested with -15-20 nymphs (18-to-21-day-old). A black, screened cap was placed on the top of each test unit, and the test units were held for 6 days in a growth chamber ai 19-21 °C and 50-70% relative humidity. Each test unit was then visually assessed for insect mortality; the results are listed in Tables 4d-g.

Table 4a - Mixtures comprising Cyantraniliprole and their activity on Potato Leafhopper

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		7.1
Cpd 4	250		6.7
Cpd 2	50		46.7
Cpd 2	250		86.7
Cpd 1	50		60
Cpd 1	250		35.7
Cpd 3	50		0
Cpd 3	250		0
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		26.7
Cyantraniliprole	1.75		13.3
Cyantraniliprole	3.3		28.6
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	50+ 1.75	1:0.035	33.3*	19.5
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3.3	1:0.066	53.3*	33.7
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	250+ 1.75	1:0.007	13.3	19.1
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3.3	1:0.0132	46.7*	33.3

Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	50+1.75	1:0.035	26.7	53.8
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3.3	1:0.066	35.7	61.9
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	250+ 1.75	1:0.007	80	88.4
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3.3	1:0.0132	80	90.5
Cpd I + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 1.75	1:0.035	53.3	72.9
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3.3	1:0.066	60	71.4
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	250+ 1.75	1:0.007	53.3*	44.3
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3.3	1:0.0132	73.3*	54.1
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	50+ 1.75	1:0.035	20.0*	13.3
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3.3	1:0.066	33.3*	28.6
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	250+ 1.75	1:0.007	14.3*	13.3
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3.3	1:0.0132	60.0*	28.6
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	50+1.75	1:0.035	14.3*	13.3
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 3.3	1:0.066	40.0*	28.6
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	250+ 1.75	1:0.007	33.3	36.4
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 3.3	1:0.0132	73.3*	47.6

* Dénotés enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 4b - Mixtures comprisinglmidacloprid and their activity on Potato Leafhopper Treatment Rate [ppm] Ratio ί % Mortality ; % Mortality ;(obs)' (exp)

I Cpd 4 ” 50 i Ô

Cpd 4	250		14.3	1——
Cpd 2	50		6.7
Cpd 2	250		85.7
Cpd 1	50		20
Cpd 1	250		6.7
Cpd 3	50		13.3
Cpd 3	250		0
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		6.7
Imidacloprid	0.82		53.3
Imidacloprid	2.25		40
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.82	1:0.0164	33.3	53.3
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	50 + 2.25	1:0.045	21.4	40
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.82	1:0.00328	33.3	60
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	250 + 2.25	1:0.009	60.0*	48.6
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.82	1:0.0164	33.3	56.4

Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	50 + 2.25	1:0.045	66.7*	44
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.82	1:0.00328	86.7	93.3
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	250 + 2.25	1:0.009	100.0*	66.7
Cpd l + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.82	1:0.0164	40	62.7
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	50 + 2.25	1:0.045	73.3*	52
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.82	1:0.00328	66.7*	56.4
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	250 + 2.25	1:0.009	73.3*	44
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.82	1:0.0164	42.9	59.6
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	50 + 2.25	1:0.045	33.3	48
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.82	1:0.00328	20	40
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	250 + 2.25	1:0.009	85.7*	53.3
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.82	1:0.0164	33.3	40
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	50 + 2.25	1:0.045	73.3*	40
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.82	1:0.00328	50	56.4
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	250 + 2.25	1:0.009	35.7	44

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 4c - Mixtures comprising Imidacloprid and their activity on Potato Leafhopper

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		26.7
Cpd 4	250		0
Cpd 2	50		20
Cpd 2	250		73.3
Cpd I	50		6.7
Cpd I	250		33.3
Cpd 3	50		6.7
Cpd 3	250		0
Cpd 5	50		6.7
Cpd 5	250		26.7
Spirotetramat	50		28.6
Spirotetramat	250		73.3
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50		53.3*	47.6
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250		50	80.4
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	250 + 50		33.3*	28.6

Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250		66.7	73.3
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50		46.7*	42.9
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250		86.7*	78.7
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	250 + 50		66.7	81
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250		93.3*	92.9
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50		40.0*	35.5
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250		73.3	75.1
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	250+ 50		26.7	52.4
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250		73.3	82.2
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50		33.3	33.3
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250		50	75.1
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	250 + 50		46.7*	28.6
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250		46.7	73.3
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	50 + 50		20	33.3
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	50 + 250		80.0*	75.1
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	250 + 50		53.3*	47.6
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	250 + 250		80	81

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 4d - Mixtures with Imidacloprid and activity on Corn Planthopper

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0.0
Cpd 4	250		9.1
Cpd 2	50		0.0
Cpd 2	250		54.1
Cpd 1	50		14.8
Cpd 1	250		45.8
Cpd 3	50		8.3
Cpd 3	250		0.0
Cpd 5	50		5.3
Cpd 5	250		75.0
Imidacloprid	0.09		29.2
Imidacloprid	0.16		20.0
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.09	1:0.0018	0.0	29.2

Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.16	1:0.0032	4.2	20.0
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.09	1:0.00036	12.0	27.3
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.16	1:0.00064	12.5	27.3
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.09	1:0.0018	81.8*	20.0
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.16	1:0.0032	36.4*	20.0
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.09	1:0.00036	48.8*	35.6
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.16	1:0.00064	23.1	27.3
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.09	1:0.0018	22.2	29.2
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.16	1:0.0032	100*	20.0
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.09	1:0.00036	100*	35.6
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.16	1:0.00064	88.9*	27.3
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.09	1:0.0018	66.7*	29.2
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.16	1:0.0032	22.6*	20.0
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.09	1:0.00036	25.0	35.6
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.16	1:0.00064	43.5*	27.3
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.09	1:0.0018	63.2*	29.2
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	50 + 0.16	1:0.0032	50.0*	20.0
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.09	1:0.00036	38.1*	35.6
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	250 + 0.16	1:0.00064	0	27.3

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby fonnula

Table 4e - Mixtures with Spinetoram and activitv on Com Planthopper

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		38.9
Cpd 4	250		34.8
Cpd 2	50		7.3
Cpd 2	250		22.4
Cpd 1	50		18.9
Cpd 1	250		7.6
Cpd 3	50		5.0
Cpd 3	250		1.2
Cpd 5	50		21.6
Cpd 5	250		13.1

Spinetoram	8.46		7.5
Spinetoram	20.79		14.1
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	50 + 8.46	1:0.1692	13.2	43.4
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	50 + 20.79	1:0.4158	21.0	47.5
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	250+ 8.46	1:0.03384	16.7	43.4
Cpd 4+ Spinetoram	250 + 20.79	1:0.08316	34.9	44.0
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	50 + 8.46	1:0.1692	21.4	47.5
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	50 + 20.79	1:0.4158	30.1	47.5
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	250 + 8.46	1:0.03384	4.1	39.7
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	250 + 20.79	1:0.08316	27.9	44.0
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	50 + 8.46	1:0.1692	16.4	43.4
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	50 + 20.79	1:0.4158	38.7	47.5
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	250 + 8.46	1:0.03384	4.9	39.7
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	250 + 20.79	1:0.08316	26.9	44.0
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	50+8.46	1:0.1692	1.4	43.4
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	50 + 20.79	1:0.4158	14.1	47.5
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	250 + 8.46	1:0.03384	10.4	39.7
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	250 + 20.79	1:0.08316	27.3	44.0
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	50 + 8.46	1:0.1692	6.0	43.4
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	50 + 20.79	1:0.4158	13.2	47.5
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	250 + 8.46	1:0.03384	4.2	39.7
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	250 + 20.79	1:0.08316	22.6	44.0

Table 4f- Mixtures with Buprofezin and activity on Corn Planthopper

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		1.8
Cpd 4	250		10.8
Cpd 5	50		15.3
Cpd 5	250		22.4
Buprofezin	0.524		83.7
Buprofezin	0.984		94.6
Cpd 4 + Buprofezin	50 + 0.524	1:0.01048	78.9	84.0
Cpd 4 + Buprofezin	50 + 0.984	1:0.01968	98.4*	94.7
Cpd 4 + Buprofezin	250 + 0.524	1:0.002096	75.9	85.5
Cpd 4 + Buprofezin	250 + 0.984	1:0.003936	92.9	95.2

Cpd 5 + Buprofezin	50 + 0.524	1:0.01048	90.0*	86.2
Cpd 5 + Buprofezin	50 + 0.984	1:0.01968	81.8	95.5
Cpd 5 + Buprofezin	250 + 0.524	1:0.002096	70.3	87.4
Cpd 5 + Buprofezin	250 + 0.984	1:0.003936	89.1	95.8

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 4g - Mixtures with Fipronil and activity on Corn Planthopper

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		1.8
Cpd 4	250		10.8
Cpd 5	50		15.3
Cpd 5	250		22.4
Fipronil	0.78		65.2
Fipronil	1.197		85.5
Cpd 4 + Fipronil	50 + 0.78	1:0.0156	61.7	65.8
Cpd 4 + Fipronil	50+1.197	1:0.02394	85.7	85.7
Cpd 4 + Fipronil	250 + 0.78	1:0.00312	40.8	68.9
Cpd 4 + Fipronil	250+ 1.197	1:0.004788	87.0	87.1
Cpd 5 + Fipronil	50 + 0.78	1:0.0156	57.5	70.5
Cpd 5 + Fipronil	50+1.197	1:0.02394	82.2	87.7
Cpd 5 + Fipronil	250 + 0.78	1:0.00312	41.1	73.0
Cpd 5 + Fipronil	250+ 1,197	1:0.004788	90.9*	88.7

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

TESTD

For evaluating control of cotton melon aphid (Aphls gossypii Glover) through contact and/or systemic means, each test unit consisted of a small open container with a 6- to 7-day10 old okra plant inside. This was pre-infested by placing on a leaf of the test plant 30 to 40 aphids on a piece of leaf excised from a culture plant (cut-leaf method). The larvae moved onto the test plant as the leaf piece desiccated. After pre-infestation, the soil of the test unit was covered with a layer of sand.

Test compounds were formulated and sprayed as described for Test A. The 15 applications were replicated three times. After spraying of the formulated test compounds, each test unit was allowed to dry for 1 hour and then a black, screened cap was placed on top. The test units were held for 6 days in a growth chamber at 19-21 °C and 50-70% relative humidity. Each test unît was then visually assessed for insect mortality; the results are listed in Tables 5a-n.

Table 5a - Mixtures comprising Cyantraniliprole and their activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		48.3
Cpd 4	0.5		58.9
Cpd 2	0.05		40.1
Cpd 2	0.18		31.4
Cpd 1	0.08		23.8
Cpd 1	0.12		49.8
Cpd 3	0.02		20.0
Cpd 3	0.08		43.2
Cpd 5	0.12		34.0
Cpd 5	0.18		62.7
Cyantraniliprole	0.06		21.1
Cyantraniliprole	0.12		45.1
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	0.2 + 0.06	1:0.3	84.0*	59.0
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	0.2 + 0.12	1:0.6	82.0*	72.0
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	0.5 + 0.06	1:0.12	85.0*	68.0
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	0.5 + 0.12	1:0.24	93.0*	77.0
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	0.05 + 0.06	1:1.2	36.0	53.0
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	0.05 + 0.12	1:2.4	42.0	67.0
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.06	1:0.3333	56.0*	46.0
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.12	1:0.6667	68.0*	62.0
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.06	1:0.75	41.0*	40.0
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.12	1:1.5	64.0*	58.0
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.06	1:0.5	72.0*	60.0
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.12	1:1	61.0	72.0
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	0.02 + 0.06	1:3	19.0	37.0
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	0.02 + 0.12	1:6	39.0	56.0
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.06	1:0.75	36.0	55.0
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.12	1:1.5	56.0	69.0
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.06	1:0.5	63.0*	48.0
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.12	1:1	73.0*	64.0
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.06	1:0.3333	72.0*	71.0
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.12	1:0.6667	81.0*	80.0

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5b - Mixtures comprising Acetamiprid and their activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		48.3
Cpd 4	0.5		58.9
Cpd 2	0.05		40.1
Cpd 2	0.18		31.4
Cpd 1	0.08		23.8
Cpd 1	0.12		49.8
Cpd 3	0.02		20
Cpd 3	0.08		43.2
Cpd 5	0.12		34
Cpd 5	0.18		62.7
Acetamiprid	0.03		21.1
Acetamiprid	0.06		45.1
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	0.2 + 0.03	1:0.15	59.1	59.2
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	0.2 + 0.06	1:0.3	71.9*	71.6
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	0.5 + 0.03	1:0.06	75.9*	67.6
Cpd 4 + Acetamiprid	0.5 + 0.06	1:0.12	93.3*	77.4
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	0.05 + 0.03	1:0.6	31.7	52.8
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	0.05 + 0.06	1:1.2	44.7	67.1
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	0.18 + 0.03	1:0.1667	58.3*	45.9
Cpd 2 + Acetamiprid	0.18 + 0.06	1:0.3333	76.4*	62.3
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	0.08 + 0.03	1:0.375	34	39.9
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	0.08 + 0.06	1:0.75	67.2*	58.2
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	0.12 + 0.03	1:0.25	63.5*	60.4
Cpd 1 + Acetamiprid	0.12 + 0.06	1:0.5	68.8	72.4
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	0.02 + 0.03	1:1.5	16.3	36.9
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	0.02 + 0.06	1:3	39.5	56.1
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	0.08 + 0.03	1:0.375	18.5	55.2
Cpd 3 + Acetamiprid	0.08 + 0.06	1:0.75	41.2	68.8
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	0.12 + 0.03	1:0.25	28.9	47.9
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	0.12 + 0.06	1:0.5	56.3	63.7
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	0.18 + 0.03	1:0.1667	55.8	70.6
Cpd 5 + Acetamiprid	0.18 + 0.06	1:0.3333	79.8*	79.5

* Dénotés enhanced efficacy based on Colby fonnula

Table 5c - Mixtures comprising Imidacloprid and their activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		6.7
Cpd 4	0.5		6.7
Cpd 2	0.05		0
Cpd 2	0.18		80
Cpd 1	0.08		100
Cpd 1	0.12		26.7
Cpd 3	0.02		0
Cpd 3	0.08		20
Cpd 5	0.12		73.3
Cpd 5	0.18		6.7
Imidacloprid	0.05		33.3
Imidacloprid	0.1		6.7
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	0.2 + 0.05	1:0.25	53.7*	52.6
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	0.2 + 0.1	1:0.5	67.0*	66.9
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	0.5 + 0.05	1:0.1	78.4*	73.4
Cpd 4 + Imidacloprid	0.5 +0.1	1:0.2	86.0*	81.4
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	0.05 + 0.05	1:1	41.9	52.6
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	0.05 + 0.1	1:2	54	66.9
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	0.18 + 0.05	1:0.2778	61.6	78.7
Cpd 2 + Imidacloprid	0.18 + 0.1	1:0.5556	75	85.1
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	0.08 + 0.05	1:0.625	51.7	52.2
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	0.08 + 0.1	1:1.25	59.6	66.6
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	0.12 + 0.05	1:0.4167	44.7	61.7
Cpd 1 + Imidacloprid	0.12 + 0.1	1:0.8333	61.3	73.2
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	0.02 + 0.05	1:2.5	45.2*	41.4
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	0.02 + 0.1	1:5	47.6	59.1
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	0.08 + 0.05	1:0.625	35.8	58.1
Cpd 3 + Imidacloprid	0.08 + 0.1	1:1.25	56.4	70.7
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	0.12 + 0.05	1:0.4167	44.1	48.3
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	0.12 + 0.1	1:0.8333	56	63.8
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	0.18 + 0.05	1:0.2778	49.6	74.4
Cpd 5 + Imidacloprid	0.18 + 0.1	1:0.5556	61	82.1

* Dénotés enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5d - Mixtures comprising Spirotetramat and their activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		48.3
Cpd 4	0.5		58.9
Cpd 2	0.05		40.1
Cpd 2	0.18		31.4
Cpd 1	0.08		23.8
Cpd 1	0.12		49.8
Cpd 3	0.02		20
Cpd 3	0.08		43.2
Cpd 5	0.12		34
Cpd 5	0.18		62.7
Spirotetramat	0.25		21.1
Spirotetramat	0.85		45.1
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	0.2 + 0.25	1:1.25	59.1	59.2
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	0.2 + 0.85	1:4.25	71.9*	71.6
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	0.5 + 0.25	1:0.5	75.9*	67.6
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	0.5 + 0.85	1:1.7	93.3*	77.4
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	0.05 + 0.25	1:5	31.7	52.8
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	0.05 + 0.85	1:17	44.7	67.1
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	0.18 + 0.25	1:1.3889	58.3*	45.9
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	0.18 + 0.S5	1:4.7222	76.4*	62.3
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	0.08 + 0.25	1:3.125	34	39.9
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	0.08 + 0.85	1:10.625	67.2*	58.2
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	0.12+0.25	1:2.0833	63.5*	60.4
Cpd I + Spirotetramat	0.12 + 0.85	1:7.0833	68.8	72.4
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	0.02 + 0.25	1:12.5	16.3	36.9
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	0.02 + 0.85	1:42.5	39.5	56.1
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	0.08 + 0.25	1:3.125	18.5	55.2
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	0.08 + 0.85	1:10.625	41.2	68.8
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	0.12 + 0.25	1:2.0833	28.9	47.9
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	0.12 + 0.85	1:7.0833	56.3	63.7
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	0.18 + 0.25	1:1.3889	55.8	70.6

Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat

0.18 + 0.85

1:4.7222

79.8*

79.5

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5e — Mixtures comprising Chlorantraniliprole and their activity on Cotton Melon

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		30.8
Cpd 4	0.5		69.7
Cpd 2	0.05		16.3
Cpd 2	0.18		37
Cpd 1	0.08		21.3
Cpd 1	0.12		35.3
Cpd 3	0.02		19.9
Cpd 3	0.08		31.1
Cpd 5	0.12		32.2
Cpd 5	0.18		61.6
Chlorantraniliprole	0.23		21
Chlorantraniliprole	0.63		42.3
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.2 + 0.23	1:1.15	65.3*	45.3
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.2 + 0.63	1:3.15	73.3*	60.1
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.5 + 0.23	1:0.46	85.9*	76
Cpd 4 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.5 + 0.63	1:1.26	99.0*	82.5
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.05 + 0.23	1:4.6	17.4	33.8
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.05 + 0.63	1:12.6	36	51.7
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.23	1:1.2778	42.8	50.2
Cpd 2 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.63	1:3.5	63.8*	63.6
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.23	1:2.875	21.8	37.8
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.63	1:7.875	43.3	54.6
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.23	1:1.9167	26.9	48.8
Cpd 1 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.63	1:5.25	48.9	62.6
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.02 + 0.23	1:11.5	19.8	36.7
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.02 + 0.63	1:31.5	31.1	53.8
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.23	1:2.875	26	45.5
Cpd 3 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.08 + 0.63	1:7.875	39.6	60.2
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.23	1:1.9167	49.2*	46.5
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.12 + 0.63	1:5.25	76.3*	60.9
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.23	1:1.2778	60.3	69.7
Cpd 5 + Chlorantraniliprole	0.18 + 0.63	1:3.5	71.9	77.9

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5f- Mixtures comprising Spinetoram and their activity on Cotton Me on Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		40.7
Cpd 4	0.5		73.4
Cpd 2	0.05		17.1
Cpd 2	0.18		37.2
Cpd 1	0.08		20.8
Cpd 1	0.12		39.4
Cpd 3	0.02		17.6
Cpd 3	0.08		39
Cpd 5	0.12		44.9
Cpd 5	0.18		58.9
Spinetoram	50		51.2
Spinetoram	250		73.9
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	0.2 + 50	1:250	75.2*	71.1
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	0.2 + 250	1:1250	93.0*	84.5
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	0.5 + 50	1:100	82.7	87
Cpd 4 + Spinetoram	0.5 + 250	1:500	94.2*	93.1
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	0.05 + 50	1:1000	46.7	59.5
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	0.05 + 250	1:5000	79.1*	78.4
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	0.18 + 50	1:277.7778	62.4	69.3
Cpd 2 + Spinetoram	0.18 + 250	1:1388.8889	81.4	83.6
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	0.08 + 50	1:625	57.5	61.3
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	0.08 + 250	1:3125	86.9*	79.3
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	0.12 + 50	1:416.6667	63	70.4
Cpd 1 + Spinetoram	0.12 + 250	1:2083.3333	79.3	84.2
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	0.02 + 50	1:2500	40.5	59.8
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	0.02 + 250	1:12500	58.3	78.5
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	0.08 + 50	1:625	48.9	70.2
Cpd 3 + Spinetoram	0.08 + 250	1:3125	78.1	84.1
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	0.12 + 50	1:416.6667	66.9	73.1
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	0.12 + 250	1:2083.3333	79.0	85.6
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	0.18 + 50	1:277.7778	86.2*	79.9
Cpd 5 + Spinetoram	0.18 + 250	1:1388.8889	87.5	89.3

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5g - Mixtures comprising Bifenthrin and their activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		21.0
Cpd 4	0.5		45.1
Cpd 2	0.05		23.4
Cpd 2	0.18		38.3
Cpd 1	0.08		29.1
Cpd 1	0.12		35.9
Cpd 3	0.02		15.8
Cpd 3	0.08		30.6
Cpd 5	0.12		25.8
Cpd 5	0.18		44.3
Bifenthrin	50		28.7
Bifenthrin	250		58.2
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	0.2 + 50	1:250	70.3*	43.6
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	0.2 + 250	1:1250	76.3*	66.9
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	0.5 + 50	1:100	84.2*	60.8
Cpd 4 + Bifenthrin	0.5 + 250	1:500	97.1*	77.0
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	0.05 + 50	1:1000	26.4	45.3
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	0.05 +250	1:5000	52.8	67.9
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	0.18 + 50	1:277.7778	41.7	56.0
Cpd 2 + Bifenthrin	0.18+250	1:1388.8889	65.5	74.2
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	0.08 + 50	1:625	35.7	49.4
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	0.08 + 250	1:3125	69.0	70.3
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	0.12 + 50	1:416.6667	54.3	54.3
Cpd 1 + Bifenthrin	0.12 + 250	1:2083.3333	54.3	73.2
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	0.02 + 50	1:2500	22.8	40.0
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	0.02 + 250	1:12500	27.4	64.8
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	0.08 + 50	1:625	38.1	50.5
Cpd 3 + Bifenthrin	0.08 + 250	1:3125	63.8	71.0
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	0.12 + 50	1:416.6667	61.9*	47.1
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	0.12 + 250	1:2083.3333	83.8*	68.9
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	0.18 + 50	1:277.7778	81.9*	60.3
Cpd 5 + Bifenthrin	0.18+250	1:1388.8889	86.7*	76.7

* Dénotés enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5h - Mixtures comprising Indoxacarb and their activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		44.6
Cpd 4	0.5		68.7
Cpd 2	0.05		43.9
Cpd 2	0.18		57.5
Cpd 1	0.08		37.3
Cpd 1	0.12		50.5
Cpd 3	0.02		37.4
Cpd 3	0.08		43.5
Cpd 5	0.12		40.0
Cpd 5	0.18		68.4
Indoxacarb	50		23.4
Indoxacarb	250		37.5
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	0.2 + 50	1:250	79.6*	57.6
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	0.2 + 250	1:1250	55.6	65.3
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	0.5 + 50	1:100	94.2*	76.0
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	0.5+250	1:500	92.7*	80.4
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	0.05 + 50	1:1000	41.7	57.0
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	0.05 + 250	1:5000	38.8	64.9
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	0.18 + 50	1:277.7778	67.5*	67.5
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	0.18+250	1:1388.8889	74.0*	73.5
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	0.08 + 50	1:625	39.0	52.0
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	0.08 + 250	1:3125	68.8*	60.8
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	0.12 + 50	1:416.6667	61.8	62.1
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	0.12 + 250	1:2083.3333	79.3*	69.1
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	0.02 + 50	1:2500	71.3*	52.1
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	0.02 + 250	1:12500	60.8	60.9
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	0.08 + 50	1:625	57.0*	56.8
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	0.08 + 250	1:3125	56.1	64.7
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	0.12 + 50	1:416.6667	76.4*	54.1
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	0.12 + 250	1:2083.3333	89.0*	62.5
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	0.18 + 50	1:277.7778	80.3*	75.8

I Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb| 0.18 + 250 | 1:1388.8889 | 87.5* | 80,3 | *Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 51 - Mixtures with Sulfoxaflor and activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		33.5
Cpd 4	0.5		80.3
Cpd 5	0.12		41.6
Cpd 5	0.18		70.3
Sulfoxaflor	0.016		23.4
Sulfoxaflor	0.04		48.0
Cpd 4 + Sulfoxaflor	0.2 + 0.016	1:0.08	61.3*	49.1
Cpd 4 + Sulfoxaflor	0.2+0.04	1:0.2	77.9*	65.4
Cpd 4 + Sulfoxaflor	0.5 + 0.016	1:0.032	87.0*	84.9
Cpd 4 + Sulfoxaflor	0.5 + 0.04	1:0.08	97.1*	89.7
Cpd 5 + Sulfoxaflor	0.12 + 0.016	1:0.133	56.3*	55.2
Cpd 5 + Sulfoxaflor	0.12 + 0.04	1:0.333	85.3*	69.6
Cpd 5 + Sulfoxaflor	0.18 + 0.016	1:0.088	89.6*	77.2
Cpd 5 + Sulfoxaflor	0.18 + 0.04	1:0.222	97.9*	84.5

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5j - Mixtures with Flupyradifurone and activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		33.5
Cpd 4	0.5		80.3
Cpd 5	0.12		41.6
Cpd 5	0.18		70.3
Flupyradifurone	0.02		23.4
Flupyradifurone	0.075		48.0
Cpd 4 + Flupyradifurone	0.2 + 0.02	1:0.1	61.3*	49.1
Cpd 4 + Flupyradifurone	0.2 + 0.075	1:0.375	77.9*	65.4
Cpd 4 + Flupyradifurone	0.5 + 0.02	1:0.04	87*	84.9
Cpd 4 + Flupyradifurone	0.5 + 0.075	1:0.15	97.1*	89.7
Cpd 5 + Flupyradifurone	0.12+0.02	1:0.166	56.3*	55.2
Cpd 5 + Flupyradifurone	0.12 + 0.075	1:0.625	85.3*	69.6
Cpd 5 + Flupyradifurone	0.18 + 0.02	1:0.111	89.6*	77.2
Cpd 5 + Flupyradifurone	0.18 + 0.075	1:0.417	97.9*	84.5

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5k - Mixtures with Flonicamid and activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		40.2
Cpd 4	0.5		69.3
Cpd 5	0.12		35.9
Cpd 5	0.18		67.2
Flonicamid	0.027		24.2

Flonicamid	0.267		49.3
Cpd 4 + Flonicamid	0.2 + 0.027	1:0.135	69.4*	54.7
Cpd 4 + Flonicamid	0.2+0.267	1:1.335	78.6*	69.7
Cpd 4 + Flonicamid	0.5+0.027	1:0.054	80.1*	76.7
Cpd 4 + Flonicamid	0.5 + 0.267	1:0.534	93.8*	84.4
Cpd 5 + Flonicamid	0.12 + 0.027	1:0.225	62.9*	51.4
Cpd 5 + Flonicamid	0.12 + 0.267	1:2.225	78.8*	67.5
Cpd 5 + Flonicamid	0.18 + 0.027	1:0.15	77.7*	75.2
Cpd 5 + Flonicamid	0.18 + 0.267	1:1.483	72.7	83.4

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formul

Table 51 - Mixtures with Chlorpyrifos and activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		40.2
Cpd 4	0.5		69.3
Cpd 5	0.12		35.9
Cpd 5	0.18		67.2
Chlorpyrifos	0.173		17.7
Chlorpyrifos	0.624		37.9
Cpd 4 + Chlorpyrifos	0.2 + 0.173	1:0.865	78.9*	50.8
Cpd 4 + Chlorpyrifos	0.2 + 0.624	1:3.12	83.7*	62.9
Cpd 4 + Chlorpyrifos	0.5 + 0.173	1:0.346	86.8*	74.7
Cpd 4 + Chlorpyrifos	0.5 + 0.624	1:1.248	94.5*	80.9
Cpd 5 + Chlorpyrifos	0.12 + 0.173	1:1.442	81.3*	47.2
Cpd 5 + Chlorpyrifos	0.12 + 0.624	1:5.2	92.5*	60.2
Cpd 5 + Chlorpyrifos	0.18 + 0.173	1:0.961	78.3*	73
Cpd 5 + Chlorpyrifos	0.18 + 0.624	1:3.467	93.2*	79.7

*Denotes enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

100

Table 5m — Mixtures with Permethrin and activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		42.5
Cpd 4	0.5		65
Cpd 5	0.12		37.3
Cpd 5	0.18		61.7
Permethrin	0.0004		15.6
Permethrin	0.04		32.1
Cpd 4 + Permethrin	0.2 + 0.0004	1:0.002	65*	51.5
Cpd 4 + Permethrin	0.5+0.04	1:0.2	62.3*	61
Cpd 4 + Permethrin	0.12 + 0.0004	1:0.0008	84.2	87.8
Cpd 4 + Permethrin	0.18 + 0.04	1:0.08	86.5*	76.3
Cpd 5 + Permethrin	0.2 + 0.0004	1:0.003	51.1	51.5
Cpd 5 + Permethrin	0.5 + 0.04	1:0.333	65.1*	61
Cpd 5 + Permethrin	0.12 + 0.0004	1:0.002	72.1*	70.5
Cpd 5 + Permethrin	0.18 + 0.04	1:0.222	69.9	76.3

* Dénotés enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

Table 5n - Mixtures with Tolfenpyrad and activity on Cotton Melon Aphid

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	0.2		57.1
Cpd 4	0.5		73.9

101

Cpd 5	0.12		48.9
Cpd 5	0.18		77.7
Tolfenpyrad	0.192		29
Tolfenpyrad	0.753		61.9
Cpd 4 + Tolfenpyrad	0.2 + 0.192	1:0.96	78.2*	69.6
Cpd 4 + Tolfenpyrad	0.2 + 0.753	1:3.765	87.1*	83.7
Cpd 4 + Tolfenpyrad	0.5 + 0.192	1:0.384	92.6*	81.5
Cpd 4 + Tolfenpyrad	0.5 + 0.753	1:1.506	98.4*	90.1
Cpd 5 + Tolfenpyrad	0.12 + 0.192	1:1.6	84*	63.7
Cpd 5 + Tolfenpyrad	0.12 + 0.753	1:6.275	85.8*	80.5
Cpd 5+ Tolfenpyrad	0.18 + 0.192	1:1.067	89.1*	84.2
Cpd 5 + Tolfenpyrad	0.18 + 0.753	1:4.183	90.8	91.5

* Dénotés enhanced efficacy based on Colby formula

TESTE

For evaluating control of diamondback moth (Plutella xylos tella L.) through contact and/or systemic means, each test unit consîsted of a small open container with a 10- to 12day-old mustard plant inside. Test compounds were formulated and sprayed with 3 réplications as described for Test A. After spraying, the test units were allowed to dry for 1 hour before they were infested with 30-50 neonate larvae. A black, screened cap was placed on the top of each container. The test units were held for 6 days in a growth chamber at 24— 25 °C and 70% relative humidity. Each test unit was then visually assessed for plant damage and rated 0-10, where 0 = undamaged and 10 = plant is dead; the results are listed in Tables 6a-b.

For evaluating control of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) through ingestion only, the test substance Dipel® (active ingrédient Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki) was formulated by diluting in water and then adding an MSO based adjuvant at 0.1% v/v. Cabbage plants were sprayed with Dipel® to runoff and allowed to dry for three hours. Once dry, plants leaf tissue was excised and one piece was placed into one well in an eight well tray. Test units were maintained in a growth chamber at 24—25 °C and 70% relative humidity. Each well was then inspected for mortality after 4 days; the resuit is listed in Table 6c.

For evaluating control of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E, Smith)) the test unît consîsted of a small open container with a 4—5-day-old corn (maize) plant

102 inside. This was pre-infested with 10-15 I-day-old larvae on a piece of insect diet. Test compounds were formulated and sprayed with 3 réplications as described for Test A. After spraying of the formulated test compound, the test units were maintained in a growth chamber for 6 days at 25 °C and 70% relative humidity. Plant feeding damage was then visually assessed based on foliage consumed, and larvae were assessed for mortality. Each test unit was then visually assessed for plant damage and rated 0-10, where 0 = undamaged and 10 = plant is dead; the results are listed in Tables 6d-i.

Table 6a - Mixtures comprising Cyantraniliprole and their activity on Diamondback

Moth

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0.0
Cpd 4	250		0.0
Cpd 2	50		0.0
Cpd 2	250		0.0
Cpd 1	50		0.0
Cpd 1	250		0.0
Cpd 3	50		0.0
Cpd 3	250		0.0
Cpd 5	50		0.0
Cpd 5	250		0.0
Cyantraniliprole	0.02		20.0
Cyantraniliprole	0.013		73.3
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.02	1:0.0004	50.0*	20.0
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.013	1:0.00026	63.3	73.3
Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.02	1:0.00008	50.0*	20.0

103

Cpd 4 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.013	1:0.000052	90.0*	73.3
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.02	1:0.0004	46.7*	20.0
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.013	1:0.00026	86.7*	73.3
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.02	1:0.00008	23.3*	20.0
Cpd 2 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.013	1:0.000052	63.3	73.3
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.02	1:0.0004	33.3*	20.0
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.013	1:0.00026	73.3	73.3
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.02	1:0.00008	63.3*	20.0
Cpd 1 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.013	1:0.000052	66.7	73.3
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.02	1:0.0004	26.7*	20.0
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.013	1:0.00026	76.7*	73.3
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.02	1:0.00008	56.7*	20.0
Cpd 3 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.013	1:0.000052	66.7	73.3
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.02	1:0.0004	6.7	20.0
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	50 + 0.013	1:0.00026	70.0	73.3
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.02	1:0.00008	46.7*	20.0
Cpd 5 + Cyantraniliprole	250 + 0.013	1:0.000052	70.0	73.3

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 6b - Mixtures comprising Spirotetramat and their activity on Diamondback Moth

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0.0
Cpd 4	250		0.0
Cpd 2	50		0.0
Cpd 2	250		0.0
Cpd 1	50		0.0
Cpd 1	250		0.0
Cpd 3	50		0.0
Cpd 3	250		0.0
Cpd 5	50		0.0
Cpd 5	250		0.0
Spirotetramat	83.2		73.3
Spirotetramat	150		80.0
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	50 + 83.23	1:2	76.7*	73.3
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	50+150	1:5	96.7*	80.0

104

Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	250 + 83.23	1:0.4	86.7*	73.3
Cpd 4 + Spirotetramat	250+ 150	1:1	93.3*	80.0
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	50+ 83.23	1:2	93.3*	73.3
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	50+150	1:5	86.7*	80.0
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	250 + 83.23	1:0.4	90.0*	73.3
Cpd 2 + Spirotetramat	250+ 150	1:1	80.0	80.0
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	50+ 83.23	1:2	93.3*	73.3
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	50+150	1:5	93.3*	80.0
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	250 + 83.23	1:0.4	90.0*	73.3
Cpd 1 + Spirotetramat	250+150	1:1	96.7*	80.0
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	50 + 83.23	1:2	83.3*	73.3
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	50+ 150	1:5	93.3*	80.0
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	250 + 83.23	1:0.4	83.3*	73.3
Cpd 3 + Spirotetramat	250+ 150	1:1	86.7*	80.0
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	50+ 83.23	1:2	90.0*	73.3
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	50 + 150	1:5	93.3*	80.0
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	250 + 83.23	1:0.4	73.3	73.3
Cpd 5 + Spirotetramat	250+ 150	1:1	93.3*	80.0

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby fonnula

Table 6c — Mixtures with Pinel®(Maiff/ns thuringiensis kurstaki) and activity on

Diamondback Moth

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	% Mortality (obs)	% Mortality (exp)
Cpd 4	50		12.5
Cpd 4	250		17
Cpd 5	50		21
Cpd 5	250		25
Dipel®	0.15		25
Dipel®	0.43		50
Cpd 4 + Dipel®	50 + 0.15	1:0.003	25	34.4
Cpd 4 + Dipel®	50 + 0.43	1:0.0086	70.8*	56.3
Cpd 4 + Dipel®	250 + 0.15	1:0.0006	45.8*	37.5
Cpd 4 + Dipel®	250 + 0.43	1:0.00172	62.5*	58.3
Cpd 5 + Dipel®	50 + 0.15	1:0.003	29.2	34.4
Cpd 5 + Dipel®	50 + 0.43	1:0.0086	41.7	56.3

105

Cpd 5 + Dipel®	250 + 0.15	1:0.0006	16.7	37.5
Cpd 5 + Dipel®	250 + 0.43	1:0.00172	100*	58.3

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 6d - Mixtures with Methomvl and activity on Fait Annyworm

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0
Cpd 4	250		0
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		13.3
Methomyl	8.5		43.3
Cpd 4 + Methomyl	50 + 8.5	1:0.17	36.7	43.3
Cpd 4 + Methomyl	250 + 8.5	1:0.034	80*	43.3
Cpd 5 + Methomyl	50 + 8.5	1:0.17	100*	43.3
Cpd 5 + Methomyl	250 + 8.5	1:0.034	76.7*	50.9

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 6e - Mixtures with Indoxacarb and activity on Fait Annyworm

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0
Cpd 4	250		0
Cpd 2	50		0
Cpd 2	250		0
Cpd 1	50		0
Cpd 1	250		0
Cpd 3	50		0
Cpd 3	250		0
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		0

106

Indoxacarb	0.2		70
Indoxacarb	0.5		70
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.2	1:2	60	70
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.5	1:5	93.3*	70
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	250+ 0.2	1:0.4	66.7	70
Cpd 4 + Indoxacarb	250 + 0.5	1:1	96.7*	70
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.2	1:2	50	70
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.5	1:5	93.3*	70
Cpd 2 + Indoxacarb	250+ 0.2	1:0.4	70	70
Cpd 2+ Indoxacarb	250 + 0.5	1:1	100*	70
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.2	1:2	30.0	70
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.5	1:5	86.7*	70
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	250+ 0.2	1:0.4	46.7	70
Cpd 1 + Indoxacarb	250 + 0.5	1:1	90*	70
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.2	1:2	43.3	70
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.5	1:5	73.3*	70
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	250+ 0.2	1:0.4	73.3*	70
Cpd 3 + Indoxacarb	250 + 0.5	1:1	86.7*	70
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.2	1:2	56.7	70
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	50 + 0.5	1:5	93.3*	70
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	250+0.2	1:0.4	60	70
Cpd 5 + Indoxacarb	250 + 0.5	1:1	93.3*	70

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 6f — Mixtures with Emamectin Benzoate and activity on Fall Armyworm

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0
Cpd 4	250		0
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		0
Emamectin Benzoate	0.03		43.3

107

Emamectin Benzoate	0.06		23.3
Cpd 4 + Emamectin Benzoate	50 + 0.03	1:0.0006	73.3	43.3
Cpd 4 + Emamectin Benzoate	50 + 0.06	1:0.0012	96.7	23.3
Cpd 4 + Emamectin Benzoate	250 + 0.03	1:0.00012	96.7	43.3
Cpd 4 + Emamectin Benzoate	250 + 0.06	1:0.00024	96.7	23.3
Cpd 5 + Emamectin Benzoate	50 + 0.03	1:0.0006	70	43.3
Cpd 5 + Emamectin Benzoate	50 + 0.06	1:0.0012	60	23.3
Cpd 5 + Emamectin Benzoate	250 + 0.03	1:0.00012	43.3	43.3
Cpd 5 + Emamectin Benzoate	250 + 0.06	1:0.00024	96.7	23.3

* Dénotés enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 6g - Mixtures with Chlorfenapyr and activity on Fall Armyworm

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0
Cpd 4	250		20
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		0
Chlorfenapyr	3.7		66.7

108

Chlorfenapyr	5.0		53.3
Cpd 4 + Chlorfenapyr	50 + 3.7	1:0.074	30	66.7
Cpd 4 + Chlorfenapyr	50 + 5	1:0.1	60*	53.3
Cpd 4 + Chlorfenapyr	250 + 3.7	1:0.0148	80*	73.3
Cpd 4 + Chlorfenapyr	250 + 5	1:0.02	93.3*	62.7
Cpd 5 + Chlorfenapyr	50 + 3.7	1:0.074	70*	66.7
Cpd 5+ Chlorfenapyr	50 + 5	1:0.1	93.3*	53.3
Cpd 5 + Chlorfenapyr	250 + 3.7	1:0.0148	76.7*	66.7
Cpd 5 + Chlorfenapyr	250 + 5	1:0.02	100*	53.3

* Dénotés enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 6h - Mixtures with Methoxyfenozide and activity on Fall Armyworm

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0
Cpd 4	250		20
Cpd 5	50		0
Cpd 5	250		0
Methoxyfenozide	2.8		36.7
Cpd 4 + Methoxyfenozide	50 + 2.8	1:0.056	90*	36.7
Cpd 4 + Methoxyfenozide	250 + 2.8	1:0.011	86.7*	49.3
Cpd 5 + Methoxyfenozide	50 + 2.8	1:0.056	80*	36.7
Cpd 5 + Methoxyfenozide	250 + 2.8	1:0.011	66.7*	36.7

* Dénotés enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

Table 6i - Mixtures with Novaluron and activity on Fall Armyworm

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Ratio	Plant Protection (obs)	Plant Protection (exp)
Cpd 4	50		0.0
Cpd 4	250		0.0
Cpd 5	50		0.0

109

Cpd 5	250		13.3
Novaluron	0.21		33.3
Novaluron	0.36		80.0
Cpd 4 + Novaluron	50 + 0.21	1:0.004	60.0*	33.3
Cpd 4 + Novaluron	50 + 0.36	1:0.007	83.3*	80.0
Cpd 4 + Novaluron	250 + 0.21	1:0.0008	80.0*	33.3
Cpd 4 + Novaluron	250 + 0.36	1:0.001	76.7	80.0
Cpd 5 + Novaluron	50 + 0.21	1:0.004	53.3*	33.3
Cpd 5 + Novaluron	50 + 0.36	1:0.007	80.0	80.0
Cpd 5 + Novaluron	250 + 0.21	1:0.0008	33.3	42.2
Cpd 5 + Novaluron	250 + 0.36	1:0.001	73.3	82.7

*Denotes enhanced plant protection based on Colby formula

TEST F

Tomate seeds (cv Tiny Tim) were germinated in plugs in Sunshine mîx for 21 days. Seedlings with 3-4 true leaves were transplanted into 4” pots filled with pasteurized loamy sand soil (82.6% sand, 11.6% silt, and 5.6% clay, organic matter 1%, pH 6.6). The soil was treated at transplanting according to Table 1. 10% (v/v) acetone or water were included as négative Controls and abamectin at 10 ppm was included as a positive control. Second application was made 7 days after transplanting and plants were inoculâted with 7500 eggs of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognito). Each treatment had four réplications. The plants were watered and fertilized as needed. The température in the greenhouse ranged from 25 to 30 °C. The assay was tenninated after 6 weeks and severity of nematode infection was evaluated using 0-10 galling index scale (Bridge and Page 1980).

The observed % réduction of root galling (X) was calculated using the formula: X= (UTC - T)/UTC * 100%, where X - observed % réduction of root galling, UTC - galling in non-treated control, T — galling in treatment X.

Results are shown in Table 7a.

Table 7a - Mixtures with Biologicals and activity on Root Knot Nematode

110

Treatment	Rate [ppm]	Observed Réduction (%)	Expected Réduction (%)
Cpd 2 + CH200&CH201*1	250 ppm + 5.1 E+09 CFU/pot	0	12
Cpd 3 + CH200&CH201	250 ppm + 5.1 E+09 CFU/pot	4	4
Cpd 4 + CH20O&CH2O1	250 ppm + 5.1 E+09 CFU/pot	4	23
Cpd 5 + CH200&CH2O1	250 ppm + 5.1 E+09 CFU/pot	4	12
Cpd 1 + CH200&CH2O1	250 ppm + 5.1 E+09 CFU/pot	4	12
Cpd 2 + RTI545*2	250 ppm + 2.78E+09 CFU/pot	0	4
Cpd 3 + RTI545	250 ppm + 2.78E+09 CFU/pot	4	-4
Cpd 4 + RTI545	250 ppm + 2.78E+09 CFU/pot	4	16
Cpd 5 + RTI545	250 ppm + 2.78E+09 CFU/pot	4	4
Cpd I + RTI545	250 ppm + 2.78E+09 CFU/pot	8	4
Cpd 2 + Nortica*3	250 ppm + 3.00E+10 CFU/pot	4	16
Cpd 3 + Nortica	250 ppm + 3.00E+10 CFU/pot	0	9
Cpd 4 + Nortica	250 ppm + 3.00E+10 CFU/pot	4	26
Cpd 5 + Nortica	250 ppm + 3.00E+10 CFU/pot	8	16
Cpd 1 + Nortica	250 ppm + 3.00E+10 CFU/pot	-4	16
Cpd 2 + FMC proprietary Brevibacillus laterosporus strain	250 ppm, (2.5 mg/pot) + 50% (v/v)	5	9
Cpd 3 + FMC proprietary Brevibacillus laterosporus strain	250 ppm, (2.5 mg/pot) + 50% (v/v)	5	9
Cpd 4 + FMC proprietary Brevibacillus laterosporus strain	250 ppm, (2.5 mg/pot) + 50% (v/v)	0	9
Cpd 5 + FMC proprietary Brevibacillus laterosporus strain	250 ppm, (2.5 mg/pot) + 50% (v/v)	14	17
Cpd 1 + FMC proprietary Brevibacillus laterosporus strain	250 ppm, (2.5 mg/pot) + 50% (v/v)	9	9

*^lsee₅ WO 2018/045063 Al;*²see, WO 2018/067815 Al ; *³Metronidazole

Tables 2a through 7a show mixtures and compositions of the présent disclosure demonstrating control on a wide range of invertebrate pests, some with more than additive activity. As the % of mortality cannot exceed 100%, the unexpected increase in insecticidal activity can be greatest only when the separate active ingrédient components alone are at application rates providing considerably less than 100% control. Likewise, plant damage

111 cannot exceed a rating of 10 in these tests, and the unexpected increase in insecticidal activity can be greatest only when the separate active ingrédient components alone are at application rates providing considerably less than 100% control. Enhanced activity may not be évident at low application rates where the individual active ingrédient components alone hâve little activity. However, in some instances high activity was observed for combinations wherein individual active ingrédient alone at the same application rate had essentially no activity It is worth noting that the five experimental compounds are mixed with 25 représentative active ingrédients known to hâve varions mode of action classifications; ail were shown to enhance activity across the seven représentative insect species. Mixtures were evaluated for both contact and/or systemic activity and the results indicate that both foliar and soil applied products and mixtures demonstrate enhanced activity.

A non-synthetic insecticide derived from Bacillus spp.,was also evaluated for its ability to provide enhanced efficacy when mixed with cpds 1-5. Enhanced activity was also demonstrated in these mixtures.

Accordingîy, this invention provides not only improved compositions but also methods of their use for control of invertebrate pests such as arthropods and nematodes in both agronomie and non-agronomie environments. The compositions of this invention demonstrate high controlling effect of invertebrate and nematode pests; consequently, their use as arthropodicides and nematicides can reduce crop production cost and enviromnental load.

Claims (19)

1. A composition comprising:

(a) at least one compound of

Formula J :

wherein n îs 0, 1, or 2; or

5 at least one compound of Formula Π :

Formula II wherein R is CHy or CF₂H; or a combination of the foregoing compounds; and (b) at least one additional invertebrate pest control agent different from the compound of Formula I, or the compound of Formula II.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (a) is a compound selected from N[1,1 -dimethyL2Tinethy!thio)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2<3-pyridinyi)-2/7-indazole-4-carboxamidc, N[l,l-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfinyJ)ethyl]-7-fluoro-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2/7-indazole-4-carboxamide, +·

A^l,1-di methyJ-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-7-fluoiO-2-(3-pyridiny I)-2//-i ndazoIe-4carboxamide, N-(l -methylcyclopropyl)-2-(3-pyridinyI)-2H-indazoie-4-carboxamide and Λ'-Π (difluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2//-indazole-4-carboxamide.

3. The composition ofany one of claims 1-2 wherein component (b) is selected from an 5 insecticide, iüngicide, nematocide, and bactéricide.

4. The composition of any one of claim 1-3 wherein component (b) is selected from abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, acynonapyr, afidopyropen ([(3S,4À,4a7?,6S,6aiS',127?,]2aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopiOpylcarbonyl)oxy]-l,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12bdecahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-l l-oxo-9-(3-pyridiny 1)-2//,1 l//-naphtho[2,l&]pyiano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate), amidoflumct, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azinphos-methyl, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzpyrimoxan, bifenthrin, kappa-bîfenthrin, bifenazate, bistrîfluron, borate, broflanilide, buprofezîn, cadusafos, earbaryl, carbofuran, cartap, carzol, chlorantraniiiprole, chlorfenapyr, chlorfhiazuron, chloroprallethrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-e, chioipyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, clofentezin,

15 chloroprallethrin, clothianidin, cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr™) (3-bromo-l-(3-chloro-2pyridinyl)-A''-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-l/Z-pyrazole-5carboxamide), cyclaniliprole (3-bromo-A-[2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[[(icyclopropylethy])amino]carbonyI]pheny]]-l-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-l//-pyrazole-5carboxamide), cyclobutrifluram, cycloprothrin, cyeloxaprid ((5S,8Â)-l-[(6-chloro-3pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-5,8-Epoxy-l//-imidazo[l,2-a]azepine), cyenopyrafen, cyetpyrafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalodiamide, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zetacypermethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dicloromezotîaz, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimehypo, dimethoate, dimpropyridaz, dinotefuran, diofenolan, DiPel®emamectin, emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, etofenprox, epsilon-metofluthrin, etoxazole, fenbutatin oxide, fenitrothion, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin (2-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-6-[4(Îrifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]-4-quinolinyl methyl carbonate), flonicamid, fluazaîndolizine, tlubendiamide, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flufenoxuron, flufenoxystrobin (methyl (a£)-2-[[25® chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]methyl]-a-(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), fluensulfone (5-chloro-2-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3-buten-l -yl)sulfonyl]thiazole), fluhexafon, fluopyram, flupentiofenox, flupiprole (l-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-[(2methyl-2-propen-l-yl)amino]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfmyl]-l/7-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile), flupyradifurone (4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methy]](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5//)-furanone), 55 flupyrimin, fluvalinate, tau-fluvalinate, fluxametamide, fonophos, formetanate, fosthiazate, gamma-cyhalothrin, halofenozide, heptafluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(lZ)-3,3,3-trifluoro-l-propen-l20994

Ί yl]cydopiOpanecarboxylate), hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, îndoxacarb, insectîcidal soaps, isofenphos, isocycloseram, kappa-tefluthrin, lambdacyhalothrin, lufenuron, malathîon, meperfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl ( 1 R,35)-3-(2,2-dichloroetheny 1)-2,25 dimelhylcyclopropanecarboxylate), metaflumizone, métaldehyde, methamidophos, methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor, metofluthrîn, methoxyfenozide, epsilon-melofluthrin, metronîdazole epsilon-momiluorothrin, monocrotophos, monofluorothrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 3-(2cyano-1-propen-1 -yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), nicofluprole, nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, oxamyl, oxazosulfyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, pirimicarb, profenofos, profluthrin, propargite, protrifenbute, pyflubumîde (l,3,5-trimethyi-A-(2-meihyl-l- * oxopropyl)-A^/-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-l-ineÎhoxy-l(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-l H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide), pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriminostrobin (methyl (aE)-2-[[[2-[(2,4dichIorophenyl)amino]-6-(Îrifluoromethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]methyl]-a(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate), pydiflumetofen, pyri proie, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesîfen, spiropidion, spirotetramat, sulprofos, sulfoxaflor (Æ-[methyloxido[l-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3pyridinyl]ethyl]-?_v ⁴-sulfanylidene]cyanamide), tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, terbufos, tetrachlorantraniliprole, tetrachlorvïnphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin ([2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2,3,3tetramethylcyciopropanecarboxylate), tetraniliprole, thiacloprid, thîamethoxam, thiodicarb, thiosultap-sodium, tioxazafen (3-phenyl-5-(2-thienyl)-l,2,4-oxadiazole), tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, triazamate, trichlorfon, triflumezopyrim (2,4-dioxo-I-(5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-3[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2/7-pyrido[l,2-a]pyrimidinium inner sait), triflumuron, tyclopyrazoflor, zeta-cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins, entomopathogenic bacteria, entomopathogenic vîruses, and entomopathogenic fungi.

5. The composition of any one of daims 1-4 wherein the additional pest control agent (b) is selected from cyantraniliprole. chlorpyrifos, DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bîfenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, flonicamid, flupyradifurone, imidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spirodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, tolfenpyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or îndoxacarb.

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (a) is A-[l,l-dîmethyl-2(methylthio)etbyl]-7-fluoiO-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2/7-indazole-4-carboxamide and component (b) is cyantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, DiPel®, acetamiprid, Bacillus spp, bîfenthrin, buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fïproni 1, flonicamid. flupyradifurone, imidacloprid, methomyl, methoxyfenozide, novaluron, permethrin, spinetoram, spirotetramat, spîrodiclofen, sulfoxaflor, toi t'en pyrad, chlorantraniliprole, or indoxacarb.

7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of the compound of Formula I 5 or the compound of Formula II to component (b), is from 1:10 to 50: J.

8. The composition of any one of daims 1-7 further comprising at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents, and liquid diluents, said composition further comprising at least one additional biologically active compound or agent.

9. The composition of any one of claims 1-8 further comprising a liquid fertilizer. *

10. A soil drench formulation comprising the composition of any one of claims I -9.

11. A spray composition comprising the composition of any one of claims 1 -9 and a propellant.

12. A bait composition, comprising: the composition of claim 1, one or more food materials, optionally an attractant, and optionally a humectant.

13. A trap device for controlling an invertebrate pest, comprising: the bait composition of claim 12 and a housing adapted to receive said bait composition, wherein the housing has at least one opening sized to permit the invertebrate pest to pass through the opening so the invertebrate pest can gain access to said bait composition from a location outside the housing, 2® and wherein the housing is further adapted to be placed in or near a locus of potential or known activîty for the invertebrate pest.

14. A composition comprising the composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is a solid composition selected from dusts, powders, granules, pellets, priIls, pastilles, tablets, and fîlled films.

25

15. The composition of claim 14 wherein the composition is water-dispersible or watersoluble.

16. A liquid or dry formulation comprising the composition of any one of claims 1-11, and 14-15 for use in a drip irrigation System, furrow during planting, handheld sprayer, backpack sprayer, boom sprayer, ground sprayer, aerîal application, unmanned aerial vehicle, 5® or a seed treatment.

/46

17. A method for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a composition or formulation of any one of daims 1-16.

18. The method of Claim 17 wherein the composition or formulation is dispensed by a drjp irrigation System, furrow during planting, handheld sprayer, backpack sprayer, boom sprayer, ground sprayer, aerial application, or an unmanned aerial vehicle.

19. A treated seed comprising the composition or formulation of any one of daims 1-16 in an amount of from about-0.0001 to 1 % by weight of the seed before treatment.