OA19683A - Method for creating parametric resonance in the atoms of chemical elements in a substance. - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for creating parametric resonance of energies in atoms of chemical elements in a substance comprising the excitation of chemical elements in the composition of the substance by creating artificial conditions for Bohr orbits in atoms of chemical elements in the macrocosm using a rotary exciter at a circumferential rotor speed of vl = 466.975 m/sec and rotational speed n = nl/k 3/2 [r/min], where nl is the number of revolutions of the electron in the first stationary orbit, for any chemical element nl = 3.839545e6/Nel [rpm], k is the number of grooves of the rotor, Nel is the atomic number of the chemical element in the composition of the substance [m], The method includes feeding the substance into the inner cavity of the rotor, its passing through grooves evenly distributed over the peripheral surface, followed by the release of the treated substance.

Description

METHOD OF CREATING PARAMETRIC RESONANCE OF ENERGIES IN THE ATOMS OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN A SUBSTANCE

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of mechanochemistry, in particular to sélective excitation of Chemical éléments in solid, liquid, and gas substances by creating artificial conditions of the Bohr orbits in the atoms of Chemical éléments in the macrocosm and can be applied in various fields of the national economy, in particular petrochemical, including removal sulfur from oil, sélective enrichment of minerais from ore in mining and metallurgy, increasing Chemical activity of minerai fertilizers in agriculture, water purification to remove salts from water, including seawater, etc.

Prior art

In the microcosm conditions, there are “stationary Bohr orbits” on which de Broglie waves exist, the terms are electromagnetic energies in the form of photons, and électrons as physical bodies having a discrète frequency of circular rotation around the nucléus of an atom. De Broglie waves manifest themselves in “stationary Bohr orbits” as a separate type of energy. When the speed of the “stationary wave” is equal to the speed of light, the wavelength of this energy is equal to the Compton wavelength for an électron.

At an orbital électron rotation speed of 466.97 m/s and below, a new linear spectrum of “stationary orbits” of the électron and de Broglie waves appears in the macrocosm. It becomes possible to exchange the energies of de Broglie waves and an électron when creating artificial conditions for the Bohr orbits of électrons in the macrocosm for any Chemical element.

In the current microcosm, the conditions for the presence of parametric résonance between energies of various nature are their intégral frequencies.

Thus, in relation to the conditions of “stationary orbits” of the macrocosm, there is a 100% possibility of the manifestation of parametric résonance between energies, because de Broglie wave energy and électron energy are always integer and in-phase.

By calculation, the conditions for the création of “stationary Bohr orbits” for the conditions of the macrocosm of the électrons of any Chemical element, including the following parameters, were established:

- V] = 466.975 [m/s] is the peripheral velocity of an électron in the first “stationary orbit” of the macrocosm;

- Rai = l.l614e’³*N_ei, [m] is the radius of the first “stationary orbit” of the macrocosm for any Chemical element, where N_ei. is the atomic number of the Chemical element according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table;

- v²R _ei. = const or 253.2638998*N_ei, [m³/s²] is the product of the square of the peripheral velocity of the électron of the Chemical element and the radius of its circumference of the corresponding “stationary wave”, which value is constant for any stationary orbits and détermines the discreteness of the presence of such orbits for a spécifie element of the Mendeleev's Periodic Table;

- ni = 3.839545e⁶/N_ei, [rpm] is the number of révolutions of the électron (in the macrocosm of the “rotor” in the first “stationary orbit” of the macrocosm for any Chemical element (ni).

The prior art discloses methods for exciting minerais to solve various technological problems. These methods comprise transfer of vibrational energy to minerais using a source of mechanical vibrations that meets the conditions of mechanochemistry.

Similar methods and means of excitation were applied for destructive conversion of Chemical bonds in liquids and gases at the molecular level. A drawback of the existing mechanochemistry is that it does not provide exact criteria for choosing résonant frequencies for such processing, which reduces the likelihood of efficiency.

There is a method of résonant excitation of a liquid (WO 01/58582), which contains bound hydrogen, by vibrational action on a liquid to destructively transform its Chemical bonds at the molecular level, including the transmission of vibrational energy by a known source of mechanical vibrations interacting with a liquid a number of fundamental frequencies complying with an empirical relationship: F = FiN‘^l/2, where N>1 is a selected integer,

Fi = 63.9924 [kHz] is the basic oscillation frequency at N = 1.

The said method for résonant excitation of liquids using a rotary source of mechanical vibrations comprises feeding a liquid to be treated into the cavity of the impeller rotating inside the stator, discharging the liquid from the cavity of the impeller through outlet openings uniformly distributed on its peripheral surface into an annular chamber bounded by a peripheral surface the impeller and the internai coaxial surface of the stator, liquid drainage from the annular chamber subject to the ratio nR = 116141 F, where n [1/s],

R [m] is the radius of the peripheral surface of the impeller.

The above method for résonant excitation of a liquid provides a choice for only one Chemical element (hydrogen).

The closest prior art method from patent No. RU 2232630, which comprises résonant excitation of a liquid containing oxygen and hydrogen and vibrational effects on a liquid for destructive transformation of its Chemical bonds at the molecular level by transferring liquid vibrational energy and uses a mechanical source oscillations interacting with a liquid at least at one of a number of characteristic fundamental frequencies, is characterized in that the résonant excitation of the liquid on a frequency of the fundamental frequencies of the following sériés in accordance with the empirical relationship

Fi = FqiN'^1/2 [kHz] ± (12.5N'¹) where 50>N>l is the selected integer;

Foi = 7.99905 kHz is the frequency of the résonant excitation at N = 1.

To implement the above method according to patent No. 223263 (patentée N.I.Selivanov), where a rotary hydrodynamic source is used as a source of mechanical vibrations, providing for the fluid to be treated into the cavity of the impeller rotating inside the stator, followed by the release of this fluid from the cavity the impeller through a sériés of outlet openings evenly distributed on its peripheral armular surface, while the liquid is discharged into an annular chamber bounded by the peripheral annular surface of the impeller and the inner coaxial surface of the stator, then liquid is withdrawn from the annular chamber into the collection chamber, while the résonant excitation of the liquid is carried out at the relationship nRi = 9.29128F] [m/s] where n [1/s] is the impeller rotation frequency,

R [m] is radius of the peripheral annular surface of the impeller.

The disadvantages of these methods and devices comprise their limited use, i.e. for two Chemical éléments being only hydrogen and oxygen, and excitation of oxygen is carried out only through excitation of hydrogen. They cannot be used, for example, for destruction of minerais or for séparation of gas substances, because there is no algorithm to calculate excitation of ail Chemical éléments of the Mendeleev's Periodic Table.

The closest prior art for the proposed device is a rotary puise apparatus disclosed in M.A.Promtov's article “Rotary puise devices and prospects for their use”, http://www.tstu.ru/r.php/r = structure.kafedra&sort = &id = 3 (Fig. 1), which uses a pulsed action on a heterogeneous liquid to obtain highly dispersed émulsions and suspensions, intensification of dissolution processes, changes in the physicochemical parameters of the liquid, and also destruction of molecular compounds, including rotor (1) with channels (2), a stator (3) with channels (4), a housing (5), an inlet pipe (7), and an output pipe (8).

The working principle is as follows. The processed liquid is supplied through the inlet pipe (7) to the cavity of the rotor (1), passes through the channels (2) of the rotor, the stator channels (4), the working chamber formed by the housing (5), the cover (6) and exits through the outlet pipe (8). When the rotor rotâtes, its channels (2) are periodically combined with the stator channels (4). Leaving the stator channels (4), the liquid is collected in the working chamber and discharged through the outlet pipe (8). At the moment when the channels (2) of the rotor are blocked by the wall of the stator (3) in the cavity of the rotor, the pressure increases, and when these channels are combined, the pressure sharply decreases over a short period of time, as a resuit, a pressure puise propagates into the channels (4) of the stator, and then an impulse of reduced pressure occurs. The liquid entering the stator channels (4) tends to exit from them and the inertial forces create tensile stress in the liquid, which causes cavitation.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of a calculation algorithm for sélective excitation of any Chemical element from the Mendeleev's Periodic Table.

Summary

The technical problem to which the proposed technical solution is directed is developing a method and device to provide conditions for parametric résonance of the energy of “stationary de Broglie waves” and electromagnetic energy of the corresponding “Bohr orbits” for any Chemical element in a substance of the macrocosm.

The technical resuit of the proposed method and device is creating spécifie conditions for parametric résonance between the energy of the “stationary de Broglie waves” and electromagnetic energy of the corresponding “Bohr orbits” for any Chemical element in a substance of the macrocosm.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical resuit, in the proposed method for creating in the macrocosm of parametric résonance between the energy of the “stationary de Broglie waves” and electromagnetic energy of the corresponding Bohr orbits in the atoms of a Chemical element in a substance using a rotary exciter by feeding the substance into the internai cavity the rotor, passing it through the grooves evenly distributed over the peripheral annular surface of the rotor with subséquent release processed of the first substance, according to the main embodiment, the peripheral rotor speed for électrons of any Chemical element of the first stationary orbit of the macrocosm is vi = 466.975 m/s, while the parametric résonance is carried out at a frequency n = ni/k^3/2 [rpm], where ni is the number of révolutions of an électron in the fîrst stationary orbit, for any Chemical element ni = 3.839545e⁶/N_ei, [rpm], k is the number of radial grooves of the rotor, N_ei. is the atomic number of the Chemical element in the substance.

Wherein:

- atomic number of the Chemical element in the composition of the substance is determined according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table.;

- substance can be in any physical state (solid, liquid, gas);

- type of rotation drive of the rotary exciter is determined by the required number of révolutions and can be either mechanical, or electrical, or another, allowing to provide the given number of révolutions.

The problem given in terms of creating conditions for parametric résonance of energy of stationary de Broglie waves and the electromagnetic energy of the corresponding Bohr orbits in the atoms of any Chemical element in the substance in the macrocosm allows you to implement the above method using the proposed device in the framework of a single inventive concept. A device for creating a parametric résonance of the energy of the “stationary de Broglie waves” and the electromagnetic energy of the corresponding “Bohr orbits” in the atoms of any Chemical element from the substance using a rotary exciter, contains a housing with a base and a side wall, mounted on the shaft, while the inner space of the housing made in the form of individual grooves evenly distributed relative to the outer surface of the rotor, a peripheral annular wall providing a gap for the release of the processed substances from the device, inlet and outlet nozzles, means for driving the rotor with a given speed. According to the main embodiment, the value of the outer radius of the rotor is R = Rei i*k, where R_ei.i is the radius of the first stationary orbit of the macrocosm for the électrons of the Chemical element (Rei.i = 1.1614e'³ *Nei. [m], where Nei is the atomic number of the Chemical element according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table, k is the number of rotor grooves, which is calculated by the formula k = (ni/n)^3/2 and selected from the nearest intégral value, where ni is the number of électron révolutions in the first stationary orbit of the macrocosm for any Chemical element ni = 3.3839545e'⁶/Nei, [rpm], p is the rotor speed, and the width of the radial groove is calculated by the formula h = 3.648677e' K

With this embodiment of the device, parametric résonance is achieved between the energy of the “stationary de Broglie waves” and electromagnetic energy of the corresponding Bohr orbits in the atoms of any Chemical element in a substance in the macrocosm.

According to a preferred embodiment of the proposed device:

- inner radius (r) of the rotor is set constructively;

- size of the gap between the outer surface of the rotor and the peripheral outer wall of the stator is performed with the possibility of unhindered withdrawal of the spent substance;

- when processing a substance in a liquid or gas State, a hermetic drive of a rotary agent is used;

- when processing a liquid or gas substance, the spatial orientation of the rotor exciter is arbitrary;

- when processing solids, the spatial orientation of the rotor exciter is preferably vertical;

- when the size of the minerais is more than the cross section of the grooves of the rotor exciter, they can pass through the gap between the outer surface of the rotor with the peripheral outer surface of the stator;

- height (L) of the radial grooves is made with the possibility of ensuring optimal passage of the excited substance.

- depth of the grooves of the rotor is determined by the différence between the outer radius (R) and the inner radius (r).

The essence of the proposed method is based on the following.

To excite the “electronic orbits” of a given Chemical element, a rotational movement is set for this element in the composition of a substance (solid, liquid or gas) with a given rotation speed at a certain radius of the rotor exciter. In a Chemical element, conditions are created for exciting the energy of the électron shells to a value of E = 13.6xz² eV, where z is the atomic number of the Chemical element according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table. Excitation of the shells leads to ionization of électrons, which in turn leads to ionization of Chemical bonds in matter. The manifestation of ionization is illustrated by the following:

- for solids (minerais): there is forced destruction of the Chemical bonds of the minerai, which leads to destruction of the minerai structure;

- for liquid substances: forced destruction/weakening of the Chemical bonds of the substance, which leads to destruction of molecular bonds when leaving the excitation zone;

- for gases: destruction of Chemical bonds when creating the conditions for the correct formation of de Broglie waves.

The proposed method for creating parametric résonance of the energy of the “stationary de Broglie waves” and electromagnetic energy of the corresponding “Bohr orbits” of the atoms of a Chemical element from the composition of the substance in the macrocosm is implemented with the device.

The accompanying figures show a device for creating parametric résonance between the energy of the “stationary de Broglie waves” and electromagnetic energy of the corresponding “Bohr orbits” in the atoms of a Chemical element from a substance in the macrocosm.

Brief description of figures

Fig. I is a vertical section through a device for creating parametric résonance of energy of “stationary de Broglie waves” and the electromagnetic energy of the corresponding “Bohr orbits” in the atoms of a Chemical element from a substance in the macrocosm;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same device.

The device comprises a rotor mounted on a shaft 3 with a standard rotation drive, including a base 1, a side wall 2, while the inner cavity of the rotor contains grooves in the form of hollow segments 4 uniformly distributed relative to the outer surface of the rotor, inlet pipe 5, outlet pipe 6, and peripheral annular wall 8.

Best embodiment of the invention

The Chemical element to be selectively excited in the starting substance (material object) is specified. The atomic number of the excited Chemical element in the substance is established β according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table. The rotor groove width h = 3.648677e’ *N_ei. is calculated. Then the outer radius (R) of the rotor, which is optimal for this design, is calculated by the formula R = Rei.i*k by selecting the number (k) of grooves. Then, the number of rotor rotations is calculated taking into account the number (k) of grooves and the atomic number (z) of the excited Chemical element n = nl/k^3/2 [rpm], The inner radius (r) of the rotor is specified constructively being at least 1/2R.

The substance with the excited Chemical element (solid, liquid or gas) through the inlet pipe 5 enters the inner (hollow) part of the rotor, which is made in the form of hollow segments 4, which allow the passage of matter from the central part of the rotor to its peripheral part. The incoming substance due to centrifugal accélération enters the exit zone 7 of the excited product and is discharged.

When the substance passes through the grooves 4 of the rotor, the latter expériences résonant excitation of the Chemical bonds of the element, i.e. in a Chemical element, the conditions for the excitation of its electronic shells are created up to the value E = 13.6*z² eV, where z is the serial number of the Chemical element. The excitation of électron shells causes their ionization, which in turn leads to the excitation of Chemical bonds of this element in a substance.

The said ionization for various physical States of a substance is as follows.

For solids, in particular minerais, destruction begins to proceed at the microscopie level and occurs primarily in the zone of contact of the destructive element with the minerai and is accompanied by a break in the bonds between the grains of the minerai (crystal) in the form of microcracks or shears along the sliding surfaces, or a violation of Chemical bonds in the crystal itself. Then the process goes into macroscopie destruction, the zones of which reach about 10 mm or more, which is accompanied by microcracks that disrupt continuity of the minerai in large volumes. Bulk destruction of minerais is most effective since it requires low energy costs.

For liquid substances: forced destruction or weakening of the Chemical bonds of the substance leads to the appearance of local excitation zones or intramolecular ordering of Chemical bonds of the excited Chemical element when leaving the excitation zone, i.e. to destruction of the original molécules of the substance.

For gases: ionization allows synthesis of a spécifie excited Chemical element when leaving the excitation zone, i.e. there is synthesis of certain Chemical compounds of the components of various gases.

In this case, it is necessary to ensure the création conditions for the correct formation of de Broglie waves inhérent for a given radius during circular rotation of matter, which is also determined by the groove width (h) and number (k).

Experimental détermination and testing

Consider calculation of the rotor parameters and the results of experimental testing the proposed method and device for implémentation thereof for example of parametric excitation of Silicon atoms.

Calculation of rotor geometry for parametric excitation of energy of Silicon atoms:

1. The calculation of the parameters of the rotor exciter:

Silicon N_ei. is 14 according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table.

The rotor speed n is about 3000 rpm (set by the number of révolutions of the apparatus drive (3phase electric motor with a frequency of 50 Hz), where the rotor is installed).

Then the number of grooves is calculated as foliows: k = (m/n)^2/3 = 20.2934.

The nearest integer 21 is taken as the basis of the calculation.

The required number of révolutions of the rotor at k = 21 is n = 2.742532e⁵/21^2/3 = 2850 rpm

The outer radius of the rotor will be:

R ⁼ Rei.i*21 = 3.414545e'¹ [m], outer diameter of the rotor = 6.829090e'¹ [m],

The groove height (L) is determined by the design of the apparatus, the groove depth is determined as the différence between the rotor outer radius (R) and inner radius (r), while: r= 1/2R

The rotor groove width h = 3.648677*14 = 51.08 [m]

The zones of parametric energy résonance are shown as 7 in Fig. 2.

The maximum fraction size for parametric excitation is determined by the design of the apparatus.

To excite atoms of Chemical éléments in liquid and gas substances, it is allowed to use the outer shells of tanks, pipelines, with these substances as a peripheral wall.

Exemplary embodiment of invention

Grinding of quartz (SiO₂) was carried out on a rotor with the above parameters. Express analysis data are given in Table 1.

Table 1

Initial quartz sand with Mohs hardness of 7
Fraction, mm	+0.8	+0.5	+0.4	+0.3	+0.2	+0.16	+0.1	+0.063	+0.045	-0.045
Content, %	0.2	7.2	6.0	17.4	54.3	10.4	1.65	2.85	-	-
Initial quartz sand with Mohs hardness of 7 upon single pass through rotor
Fraction, mm	+0.8
Content, %	0	1.8	0.9	3.5	6.2	10.2	21.2	6.1	4.4	45.7

The express test indicates that upon a single pass of quartz through the rotor the destructed quartz fractions of less than 45 microns amounted 45.7% of the total weight, therefore, parametric résonance for the destruction of the minerai is clearly observed.

As shown by the experimental test, the proposed device design allows for single pass of quartz (SiO₂) with a fraction of +0.2 mm to destruct it to a fraction from +100 to - 45 microns. The fraction from 20 to 50 mm is destructed o 50 microns in the amount of 30% by weight. Mechanical destruction (wear) of internai métal parts is almost absent. Quartz grinding of 3000 kg/h requires no more than 30 kW/h of electric power.

Exemplary embodiment of invention

Example II. Calculation of rotor geometry for parametric sulfur excitation: Sulfur N_ei. is 16 according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table.

The rotor speed n is about 3000 rpm (set by the number of révolutions of the apparatus drive (3phase electric motor with a frequency of 50 Hz), where the rotor is installed).

Then the number of grooves is calculated as foliows:

k = (m/n)^M- 18.565.

The nearest integer 19 is taken as the basis of the calculation.

The required number of révolutions of the rotor at k = 19 is n = 2.399716e⁵/19^2/3 = 2898 rpm

The outer radius of the rotor will be:

R = Rei.i*19 = 3.53e’¹ [m], outer diameter of the rotor = 7.06e'¹ [m],

The groove height (L) is determined by the design of the apparatus, the groove depth is determined as the différence between the rotor outer radius (R) and inner radius (r), while: r = 1/2R

The rotor groove width h = 3.648677*16 = 58.38 [m]

It should be noted that additional conditions are required for the proper formation of de Broglie waves.

Industrial applicability

The practical application of the proposed technical solution has been tested in several directions using the proposed device.

1. When changing the rheology of crude oil, the following results were obtained

- decrease in viscosity and density;

- increase the yield of light oil products, operating refineries by 8-15 percent;

- lowering the viscosity of fuel oil and pour point;

- comprehensive, waste-free processing of “acidic” fuel oil based on sulfur removal;

- production of homogeneous water-fuel émulsions;

- déhydration of “trap” oil and fuel oil (sludge collectors);

- réduction in the percentage of sulfur content in oil and fuel oil;

- increase in the octane number of straight-run gasolines;

- fine grinding of coal.

2. The destruction of minerais when exposed to parametric résonance:

- sélective destruction of the crystal lattice of minerais;

- dry enrichment of Chemical éléments from the composition of minerais.

Investigated promising areas:

- design of oil refmeries based on the effect of sélective excitation of electronic shells (H, C, S);

- increase in the octane number of straight-run gasolines;

- liquéfaction of coal.

Claims (14)

1. Claims

   1. A method of creating a parametric résonance of energies in the atoms of Chemical éléments in a substance using a rotor exciter, comprising feeding the substance into the inner cavity of the rotor, passing it through grooves uniformly distributed along the peripheral annular surface of the rotor, followed by the release of the treated substance, characterized in that, the circumferential the rotor speed for électrons of any Chemical element of the first stationary orbit of the macrocosm is vj = 466.975 m/s, while parametric résonance is carried out at a frequency of n = ni/k [rpm], where ni is the number of électron révolutions in the first stationary orbit, for any Chemical element ni = 3.839545e⁶/N_ei, [rpm], k is the number of grooves of the rotor, N_ei. is the atomic number of a Chemical element in a substance.
2. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the atomic number of the Chemical element in the composition of the substance is determined according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table.
3. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition of the substance can hâve any physical State: solid, liquid, gas.
4. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the type of rotation drive of the rotary exciter is determined by the required number of révolutions and can be either mechanical, electric, or another, allowing to provide a given number of révolutions.
5. 5. A device for creating a parametric résonance of energies in the atoms of Chemical éléments in the composition of the substance, including a housing with a base and a side wall mounted on a shaft, while the internai space of the housing is made in the form of separate grooves evenly distributed relative to the outer surface of the rotor, a peripheral annular wall, providing a gap for the release of the processed substance from the device, the inlet and outlet nozzles, means for driving the rotor with a given speed, characterized in that in the external rotor radius is R = Rei.i*k, where R_ei.i is the radius of the first stationary orbit for the électrons of the Chemical element in the macrocosm, R_ci,i = o

   1.1614e' *N_ei. (m), where N_ei. is the atomic number of the Chemical element according to the Mendeleev's Periodic Table., the number of rotor grooves is calculated by the formula k = (ni/n) and selected from the nearest intégral value, where ni is the number of révolutions of the électrons in the first stationary orbit for any Chemical element in the macrocosm ni = 3.3839545e~⁶/Ne[ (rpm), n is the number of rotor révolutions, and the radial groove width is determined by the formula h = 3.648677e’³*Nei.
6. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the inner radius (r) of the rotor is specified constructively.
7. 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the gap between the outer surface of the rotor and the peripheral outer wall of the stator is made with the possibility of unhindered withdrawal of the spent substance.
8. 8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that when the substance is processed in a liquid or gaseous State, a sealed drive of a rotary exciter is used.
9. 9. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that when processing a liquid or gas substance, the spatial orientation of the rotor exciter is arbitrary.
10. 10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that when processing solids, the spatial orientation of the rotor pathogen is preferably vertical.
11. 11. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that when the size of the minerais is more than the width of the grooves of the rotor pathogen, it is possible to pass through the gap between the outer surface of the rotor with the peripheral outer surface of the stator.
12. 12. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the height (L) of the radial grooves is made with the possibility of ensuring optimal passage of the processed substance.
13. 13. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the depth of the grooves of the rotor is determined by the différence between the outer radius (R) and the inner radius (r).
14. 14. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that excitation of Chemical éléments in the composition of liquid and gaseous substances as the peripheral annular wall uses, for example, the outer casing of the tank or pipeline with the said substances.