OA17287A

OA17287A - New indanyloxydihydrobenzofuranylacetic acids

Info

Publication number: OA17287A
Application number: OA1201500131
Authority: OA
Inventors: Matthias Eckhardt; Elke Langkopf; Holger Wagner
Original assignee: Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh
Priority date: 2012-11-28
Filing date: 2013-11-21
Publication date: 2016-04-29

Abstract

Mif The present invention relates to compounds of general formula I

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The présent invention relates to exendin-4 peptide analogues which - in contrast to the pure GLP-1 agonîst exendin-4 - activate both the GLP1 and the Glucagon receptor and their medical use, for example in the treatment of disorders of the metabolic syndrome, including diabètes and obesity, as well as for réduction of excess food intake.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Exendin-4 is a 39 amino acid peptide which is produced by the salivary glands of the Gila monster (Helodemna suspectum) (Eng, J. et al., J. Biol. Chem., 267:7402-05,1992). Exendin-4 is an activator of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor, whereas it does not activate significantly the glucagon receptor.

Exendin-4 shares many ofthe glucoregulatory actions observed with GLP-1. Clinical and non-clinical studies hâve shown that exendin-4 has several bénéficiai antidiabetic properties including a glucose dépendent enhancement in insulin synthesis and sécrétion, glucose dépendent suppression of glucagon sécrétion, slowing down gastric emptying, réduction of food intake and body weight, and an increase in beta-ceil mass and markers of beta cell function (Gentilella R et al., Diabètes Obes Metab., 11:544-56,2009; Noms SL et al., Diabet Med., 26:837-46,2009; Bunck MC et al., Diabètes Care., 34:2041-7,2011).

These effects are bénéficiai not only for diabetics but also for patients suffering from obesity. Patients with obesity hâve a higher risk of getting diabètes, hypertension, hyperiipidemia, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases.

Relative to GLP-1, exendin-4 is résistant to cleavage by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) resulting in a longer half-life and duration of action in vivo (Eng J., Diabètes, 45 (Suppl 2):152A (abstract 554), 1996).

-2Nevertheless, exendin-4 is chemically labile due to rnethionine oxidation in position 14 (Hargrove DM et al., Regul. Pept., 141: 113-9, 2007) as well as deamidation and isomerization of asparagine in position 28 (WO 2004/035623).

The amino acid sequence of exendin-4 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1

HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPPS-NHz

The amino acid sequence of GLP-1(7-36)-amide is shown as SEQ ID NO: 2

HAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGR-NH2

Liraglutide is a marketed chemically modified GLP-1 analog in which, among other modifications, a fatty acid is linked to a lysine in position 20 leading to a prolonged duration of action (Drucker DJ et al., Nature Drug Disc. Rev. 9, 267-268, 2010; Buse, J.B. et al., Lancet, 374:39-47, 2009).

The amino acid sequence of Liraglutide is shown as SEQ ID NO: 195.

HAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAK((S)-4-Carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-) EFIAWLVRGRG-OH

Glucagon is a 29-amino acid peptide which is released into the bloodstream when circulating glucose is low. Glucagon’s amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 3.

HSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNT-OH

During hypoglycemia, when blood glucose levels drop below normal, glucagon signais the liver to break down glycogen and release glucose, causing an increase of blood glucose levels to reach a normal level. Hypoglycemia is a common side effect of insulin treated patients with hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose levels) due to diabètes. Thus, glucagon’s most prédominant rôle in glucose régulation is to counteract insulin action and maintain blood glucose levels.

-3Holst (Holst, J. J. Physiol. Rev. 2007, 87, 1409) and Meier (Meier, J. J. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2012, 8, 728) describe that GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as GLP-1, liraglutide and exendin-4, hâve 3 major pharmacological activities to improve glycémie control in patients with T2DM by reducing fasting and postprandial glucose (FPG and PPG): (i) increased glucose-dependent insulin sécrétion (improved first- and secondphase), (ii) glucagon suppressing activity under hyperglycémie conditions, (tii) delay of gastric emptying rate resulting in retarded absorption of meal-derived glucose.

Pocai et al. (Obesity 2012;20: 1566-1571; Diabètes 2009, 58, 2258) and Day et al. (Nat Chem Biol 2009;5: 749) describe that dual activation of the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, e.g. by combining the actions of GLP-1 and glucagon in one molécule, leads to a therapeutic principle with anti-diabetic action and a pronounced weight lowering effect.

Peptides which bind and activate both the glucagon and the GLP-1 receptor (Hjort et al., Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269, 30121-30124, 1994; Day JW et al., Nature Chem Biol, 5: 749-757, 2009) and suppress body weight gain and reduce food intake are described in patent applications WO 2008/071972, WO 2008/101017, WO 2009/155258,

WO 2010/096052,

WO 2010/070251,

WO 2011/160630,

WO 2010/096142,

WO 2010/070252,

WO 2011/006497,

WO 2011/075393,

WO 2010/070253,

WO 2011/152181,

WO 2008/152403,

WO 2010/070255,

WO 2011/152182,

WO 2011/117415, WO 2011/117416 and WO 2006/134340, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.

In addition, triple co-agonist peptides which not only activate the GLP-1 and the glucagon receptor but also the GIP receptor are described in WO 2012/088116 and by VA Gault étal. (Biochem Pharmacol, 85, 16655-16662,2013; Diabetologia, 56,1417-1424,2013).

Bloom et al. (WO 2006/134340) disclose that peptides which bind and activate both the glucagon and the GLP-1 receptor can be constructed as hybrid molécules from glucagon and exendin-4, where the N-terminal part (e.g. residues 1-14 or 1-24) originates from glucagon and the C-terminal part (e.g. residues 15-39 or 25-39) originates from exendin-4.

DE Otzen et al. (Biochemistry, 45, 14503-14512, 2006) disclose that N- and C-terminal hydrophobie patches are involved in fibrillation of glucagon due to the hydrophobicity and/or high β-sheet propensity of the underlying residues.

-4Krstenansky et al. (Biochemistry, 25, 3833-3839, 1986) show the importance of the residues 10-13 of glucagon for its receptor interactions and activation of adenylate cyclase. In the exendin-4 dérivatives described in this invention, several of the underlying residues are different from glucagon. In particular residues Tyr10 and Tyr13 , which are known to contribute to the fibrillation of glucagon (DE Otzen, Biochemistry, 45, 1450314512, 2006) are replaced by Leu in position 10 and Gin, a non-aromatic polar amino acid, in position 13, leading to exendin-4 dérivatives with potentialiy improved biophysical properties.

Furthermore, compounds of this invention are exendin-4 dérivatives with fatty acid acylated residues in position 14. This fatty acid functionalization in position 14 results in exendin-4 dérivatives with high activity not only at the GLP-1 receptor but also at the glucagon receptor when compared to the corresponding non-acylated exendin-4 dérivatives. In addition, this modification results in an improved pharmacokinetic profile.

Compounds of this invention are more résistant to cleavage by neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), resulting in a longer half-life and duration of action in vivo when compared with GLP-1 and glucagon. Furthermore, the compounds are stabilized versus other proteases, among those cathepsin D.

Compounds of this invention are preferably soluble not only at neutral pH, but also at pH 4.5. This property potentialiy allows co-formulation for a combination therapy with an insulin or insulin dérivative and preferably with a basal insulin like insulin glargine/Lantus®.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Provided herein are exendin-4 dérivatives which potently activate the GLP1 and the glucagon receptor. In these exendin-4 dérivatives - among other substitutions méthionine at position 14 is replaced by an amino acid carrying an -NH2 group in the side chain, which is further substîtuted with an unpolar residue (e.g. a fatty acid optionally combined with a linker).

The invention provides a peptidic compound having the formula (I):

U

-5R¹-Z-R² (I) wherein Z is a peptide moiety having the formula (II)

His-X2-X3-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-G!n-X14-X15-X16-X17-X18-AlaX20-X21-Phe-lle-Glu-Trp-Leu-Lys-X28-X29-Gly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-X35-Pro-Pro-ProX39-X40 (II)

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, His and a-aminofunctionalized Gin, wherein Gin may be functionalized in that an H of the C1-NH2 group is substituted by (Ci-C4)-alkyl,

X14 represents an amino acid residue having a side chain with an -NH2 group, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵, -C(O)O-R⁵, C(O)NH-R⁵, -S(O)2-R⁵ or R⁵, preferably by -C(O)-R⁵, wherein R⁵ may be a moiety comprising up to 50 or up to 100 carbon atoms and optionally heteroatoms selected from halogen, N, O, S and/or P,

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Glu and Lys,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Glu, Gin, Leu, Aib and Lys,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Ala and Lys,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Arg, Lys, His, Glu and Aib, X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp, Leu and Glu,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Arg, Lys, Aib, Ser, Glu, Ala and Asp,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Ala, D-Ala and Thr,

X35 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala, Glu, Arg and Lys,

X39 represents Ser or is absent and

X40 is absent or represents an amino acid residue having a side chain with an -NH2 group, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is optionally functionalized by -C(O)R⁵. -C(O)O-R⁵, -C(O)NH-R⁵, -S(O)2-R⁵ or R⁵, preferably by -C(O)-R⁵, wherein R^s may be a moiety comprising up to 50 or up to 100 carbon atoms and optionally heteroatoms selected from halogen, N, O, S and/or P,

9C

-6R¹ represents the N-terminal group of the peptidic compound and is selected from NH2 and mono- or bisfunctionalized NH2,

R² represents the C-terminal group of the peptidic compound and is selected from (i) OH or functionalized OH and (ii) NH2 or mono- or bisfunctionalized NH2, or a sait or solvaté thereof.

The compounds ofthe invention are GLP-1 and glucagon receptoragonists as determined by the observation that they are capable of stimulating intracellular cAMP formation.

According to another embodiment, the compounds of the invention, particularly with a lysine at position 14 which is further substituted with a lipophilie residue, exhibit at least a relative activity of 0.1%, more preferably of 0.2%, more preferably of 0.3% and even more preferably of 0.4% compared to that of GLP-1 (7-36) at the GLP-1 receptor. Furthermore, the compounds exhibit at least a relative activity of 0.1%, more preferably of 0.2% or of 0.3% or of 0.4% and even more preferably of 0.5% compared to that of natural glucagon at the glucagon receptor.

The term “activity as used herein preferably refers to the capability of a compound to activate the human GLP-1 receptor and the human glucagon receptor. More preferably the term “activity as used herein refers to the capability of a compound to stimulate intracellular cAMP formation. The term “relative activity” as used herein is understood to refer to the capability of a compound to activate a receptor in a certain ratio as compared to another receptor agonist or as compared to another receptor. The activation of the receptors by the agonists (e.g. by measuring the cAMP level) is determined as described herein, e.g. as described in the examples.

According to one embodiment, the compounds of the invention hâve an EC50 for hGLP-1 receptor of 450 pmol or less, preferably of 200 pmol or less; more preferably of 150 pmol or less, more preferably of 100 pmol or less, more preferably of 90 pmol or less, more preferably of 80 pmol or less, more preferably of 70 pmol or less, more preferably of 60 pmol or less, more preferably of 50 pmol or less, more preferably of 40 pmol or less, more preferably of 30 pmol or less, more preferably of 25 pmol or less, more preferably of 20 pmol or less, more preferably of 15 pmol or less, more preferably of 10 pmol or less, more preferably of 9 pmol or less, more preferably of 8 pmol or less, more preferably of

-77 pmol or less, more preferably of 6 pmol or less, and more preferably of 5 pmol or less.

According to another embodiment, the compounds of the invention hâve an ECso for hGlucagon receptor of 500 pmol or less, preferably of 200 pmol or less; more preferably of 150 pmol or less, more preferably of 100 pmol or less, more preferably of 90 pmol or less, more preferably of 80 pmol or less, more preferably of 70 pmol or less, more preferably of 60 pmol or less, more preferably of 50 pmol or less, more preferably of 40 pmol or less, more preferably of 30 pmol or less, more preferably of 25 pmol or less, more preferably of 20 pmol or less, more preferably of 15 pmol or less, more preferably of 10 pmol or less.

According to another embodiment, the compounds of the invention hâve an ECso for hGLP-1 receptor of 450 pmol or less, preferably of 200 pmol or less; more preferably of 150 pmol or less, more preferably of 100 pmol or less, more preferably of 90 pmol or less, more preferably of 80 pmol or less, more preferably of 70 pmol or less, more preferably of 60 pmol or less, more preferably of 50 pmol or less, more preferably of 40 pmol or less, more preferably of 30 pmol or less, more preferably of 25 pmol or less, more preferably of 20 pmol or less, more preferably of 15 pmol or less, more preferably of 10 pmol or less, more preferably of 9 pmol or less, more preferably of 8 pmol or less, more preferably of 7 pmol or less, more preferably of 6 pmol or less, and more preferably of 5 pmol or less, and/or an ECso for hGlucagon receptor of 500 pmol or less, preferably of 200 pmol or less; more preferably of 150 pmol or less, more preferably of 100 pmol or less, more preferably of 90 pmol or less, more preferably of 80 pmol or less, more preferably of 70 pmol or less, more preferably of 60 pmol or less, more preferably of 50 pmol or less, more preferably of 40 pmol or less, more preferably of 30 pmol or less, more preferably of 25 pmol or less, more preferably of 20 pmol or less, more preferably of 15 pmol or less, more preferably of 10 pmol or less.

In still another embodiment,the ECso for both receptors i.e. for the hGLP-1 receptor and the hGlucagon receptor, is 100 pmol or less, more preferably 90 pmol or less, more preferably 80 pmol or less, more preferably 70 pmol or less, more preferably 60 pmol or less, more preferably 50 pmol or less, more preferably 40 pmol or less, more preferably 30 pmol or less, more preferably 25 pmol or less, more preferably 20 pmol or less, more preferably 15 pmol or less, more preferably 10 pmol or less. The ECso for hGLP-1 receptor and hGlucagon receptor may be determined as described in the Methods herein and as used to generate the results described in Example 9.

VL·

-8The compounds of the invention hâve the ability to reduce the intestinal passage, to increase the gastric content and/or to reduce the food intake of a patient. These activities of the compounds of the invention can be assessed in animal models known to the skilled person and also described herein in the Methods. The results of such experiments are described in Examples 11 and 12. Preferred compounds ofthe invention may increasethe gastric content of mice, preferably of female NMRI-mice, if administered as a single dose, preferably subcutaneous dose, of 0.02 mg/kg body weight by at least 25%, more preferably by at least 30%, more preferably by at least 40%, more preferably by at least 50%, more preferably by at least 60%, more preferably by at least 70%, more preferably by at least 80%.

Preferably, this resuit is measured 1 h after administration of the respective compound and 30 mins after administration of a bolus, and/or reduces intestinal passage of mice, preferably of female NMRI-mice, if administered as a single dose, preferably subcutaneous dose, of 0.02 mg/kg body weight at least by 45%; more preferably by at least 50%, more preferably by at least 55%, more preferably by at least 60%, and more preferably at least 65%; and/or reduces food intake of mice, preferably of female NMRImice, over a period of 22 h, if administered as a single dose, preferably subcutaneous dose of 0.01 mg/kg body weight by at least 10%, more preferably 15%, and more preferably 20%.

The compounds of the invention hâve the ability to reduce blood glucose level, and/or to reduce HbA1c levels of a patient. These activities of the compounds of the invention can be assessed in animal models known to the skilled person and also described herein in the Methods. The results of such experiments are described in Examples 14 and 17.

Preferred compounds of the invention may reduce blood glucose level of mice, preferably in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice over a period of 24 h, if administered as a single dose, preferably subcutaneous dose, of 0.01 mg/kg body weight by at least 4 mmol/L; more preferably by at least 6 mmol/L, more preferably by at least 8 mmol/L. If the dose is increased to 0.1 mg/kg body weight a more pronounced réduction of blood glucose levels can be observed in mice over a period of 24 h, if administered as a single dose, preferably subcutaneous dose. Preferably the compounds of the invention lead to a réduction by at least 7 mmol/L; more preferably by at least 9 mmol/L, more eu

-9preferably by at least 11 mmol/L. The compounds of the invention preferably reduce the increase of HbA1c levels of mice over a period of 4 weeks, if administered at a daily dose of 0.01 mg/kg to about the ignition value.

The compounds of the invention also hâve the abïlrty to reduce body weight of a patient. These activities of the compounds of the invention can be assessed in animal models known to the skilled person and also described herein in the Methods and in Examples 13 and 16.

It was found that peptidic compounds of the formula (I), particulariy those with a lysine at position 14 which is further substituted with a lipophilie residue, showed increased glucagon receptor activation compared to dérivatives having the original méthionine (from exendin-4) at position 14. Furthermore, oxidation (in vitro or in vivo) of méthionine is not possible anymore.

In one embodiment the compounds of the invention hâve a high solubility at acidic and/or physiological pH values, e.g., at pH 4.5 and/or at pH 7.4 at 25°C, in another embodiment at least 0.5 mg/ml and in a particular embodiment at least 1.0 mg/ml.

Furthermore, according to one embodiment, the compounds of the invention preferably hâve a high stability when stored in solution. Preferred assay conditions for determining the stability is storage for 7 days at 25°C in solution at pH 4.5 or pH 7. The remaining amount of peptide is determined by chromatographie analyses as described in the Examples. Preferably, after 7 days at 25°C in solution at pH 4.5 or pH 7, the remaining peptide amount is at least 80%, more preferably at least 85%, even more preferably at least 90% and even more preferably at least 95%.

Preferably, the compounds of the présent invention comprise a peptide moiety Z (II) which is a linear sequence of 39-40 amino carboxylic acids, particulariy α-amino carboxylic acids Iinked by peptide, i.e. carboxamide bonds.

In an embodiment R’ is selected from -NH2, -NH[(Ct-Cs)alkyl], -N[(Ct-C5)alkyl]2, -NHftCoC4)alkylene-(C₃-Ce)cycloalkyl], NH-C(O)-H, NH-C(O)-(Ci-C₅)-alkyl, NH-C(0)-(CoC3)alkylene-(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, in which alkyl or cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or up to 5-fold substituted by -OH or halogen selected from F, Cl, Br and I, preferably F.

VC

-10ln an embodiment R² is selected from -OH, -0-(Ci-C2o)alkyl, -0(Co-Ce)alkylene-(C₃Ce)cycloalkyl, -NH₂, -NH[(Ci-C3o)alkyl], -N[(Ci-C3o)alkyî]₂, -NH[(C0-C8)alkylene-(C₃Cs)cycloalkyl], -N[(C0-C8)alkylene-(C₃-Ce)cycloalkyl]₂, -NHKCH^CH^OJwo-fCi-C^alkyl], NH-(C₃-C8)heterocyclyl or -NH-(Co-Ce)alkylene-aryl, wherein aryl is selected from phenyl and naphthyl, preferably phenyl, or a (C₃-Ce)-heterocyclyl containing 1 N-atom and optionally two additional heteroatoms selected from O, N or S, particularly selected from azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyt und homopiperidinyl. Moreover alkyl or cycloalkyl as described above is unsubstituted or up to 5-fold substituted by -OH or halogen selected from F, Cl, Br and 1, preferably F.

ln one embodiment, the N-terminal group R¹ is NH2. ln a further embodiment, the Cterminal group R² is NH2. ln still a further embodiment the N-terminal group R¹ and the Cterminal group R² are NH₂.

ln one embodiment position X14 represents an amino acid residue with a functionalized NH₂ side chain group, such as functionalized Lys, Om, Dab, or Dap, more preferably functionalized Lys, and X40 represents an amino acid residue with a functionalized -NH₂side chain group, such as functionalized Lys, Om, Dab, or Dap, more preferably functionalized Lys.

An amino acid residue with an -NH₂ side chain group, e.g. Lys, Om, Dab or Dap, may be functionalized in that at least one H atom of the -NH₂ side chain group is replaced by C(O)-R⁵, -C(O)O-R⁵, -C(O)NH-R5, -S(O)2-R5 or R⁵, preferably by -C(O)-R⁵, wherein R⁵may be a moiety comprising up to 50 or up to 100 carbon atoms and optionally heteroatoms selected from halogen, N, O, S and/or P.

ln certain embodiments, R⁵ may comprise a lipophilie moiety, e.g. an acyclic linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group, wherein R⁵ particularly comprises an acyclic linear or branched (C4-C30) saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and/or a cyclic saturated, unsaturated or aromatic group, particularly a mono-, bi-, or tricyclic group comprising 4 to 14 carbon atoms and 0, 1, or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, e.g. cyclohexyl, phenyl, biphenyl, chromanyl, phenanthrenyl or naphthyl, wherein the acyclic or cyclic group may be unsubstituted or substituted e.g. by halogen, -OH and/or COM

-11More preferred groups R⁵ may comprise a lipophilie moiety, e.g. an acyclic linear or branched (C12-C22) saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group. The lipophilie moiety may be attached to the -NH2 side chain group by a linker in all stereoîsomeric forms, e.g. a linker comprising one or more, e.g. 2, amino acid linker groups such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), ε-aminohexanoic acid (ε-Ahx), γ-Glu and/or β-Ala. In one embodiment the lipophilie moiety is attached to the -NH2 side chain group by a linker. In another embodiment the lipophilie moiety directly attached to the -NH2 side chain group. Spécifie examples of amino acid linker groups are (p-Ala)i-4, (y-GIu)m, (s-Ahx)tM, or (GABA)i-<. Preferred amino acid linker groups are B-Ala, γ-Glu, B-Ala-B-Ala and γ-Glu-y-Glu.

Spécifie preferred examples for -C(O)-R⁵ groups are listed in the following Table 1, which are selected from the group consisting of (S)-4-Carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-, 4-Hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, 4-{3-[(R)~ 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4_l8_l12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]propionylamino}-butyryl-, 4-octadecanoylamîno-butyryl-, 4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)butyryl-, 6-[(4,4-Diphenyl-cyclohexyloxy)-hydroxy-phosphoryloxy]-hexanoyl-,

Hexadecanoyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4Carboxy-4-{3-[3-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)propionylamino]-propionylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{3-[(R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2((4R,8R)-4,8₁12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-

4-Carboxy-4-((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[6- ((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)-hexanoylamino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((2S,3R₁4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-tetradecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-(11-Benzyloxycarbonylundecanoy!amino)-4-carboxy-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[11-((2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6pentahydroxy-hexylcarbamoyl)-undecanoylamino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((Z)-octadec9-enoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(4-dodecyloxy-benzoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4Carboxy-4-henicosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-docosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4Carboxy-4-((Z)-nonadec-10-enoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(4-decyloxybenzoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[(4^,-octyloxy-biphenyl-4-carbonyl)-amino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(12-phenyl-dodecanoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-icosanoylaminobutyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, (S)4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, 3-(3Octadecanoylamino-propionylamino)-propionyl-, 3-(3-Hexadecanoylamino17287

-12propionylamino)-propionyl-, 3-Hexadecanoylamino-propîonyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[(R)-4((3R,5S,7R,8R,9R, 10S,12S, 13R.14R, 17R)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-8,10,13-trimethylhexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoy1amino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy4-[(R)-4-((3R,5R,8R,9S,1 OS, 13R,14S,17R)-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamîno]-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((9S,10R)9,10,16-trihydroxy-hexadecanoylamino)-butyryl-, Tetradecanoyl-, 11-Carboxy-undecanoyl, 11-Benzyloxycarbonyl-undecanoyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4tetradecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, 6-[Hydroxy-(naphthalene-2-yloxy)phosphoryloxyj-hexanoyl-, e-lHydroxy-fS-phenyl-pentyloxyfphosphoryloxyJ-hexanoyl-, 4(Naphthalene-2-sulfonylamino)-4-oxo-butyryl-, 4-(Biphenyl-4-sulfonylamino)-4-oxo-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-butyrylamîno}-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17carboxy-heptadecanoylamîno)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy)-etlioxy)-acety!amino]-ethoxy}ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-2-{(S)-4-carboxy-2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]ethoxyj-ethoxyï-acetylaminoj-butyrylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-( 17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-butyryîamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyryl-, (S)-4Carboxy-2-{(S)-4-carboxy-2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyrylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-2-[2-(2{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylaminol-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-butyry1-, 2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-Carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)butyrylamino]-ethoxy]-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl-, 2-(2-{2-[(S)-4Carboxy^-fV-carboxy-heptadecanoylaminoJ-butyrylaminoJ-ethoxyJ-ethoxyJ-acetyl, (S)-4Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(19-carboxynonadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-butyrylamino}-butyrylamino)-butyryl, 2-(2-{2-[2-<2-{2[(S)-4-Carboxy-4-(16-1 H-tetrazol-5-yl-hexadecanoylamino)-birtyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamîno]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl-, 2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-Carboxy-4-(16-carboxyhexadecanoylamino)-butyry1amino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)butyrylamino]-butyrylamino}-butyTyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-{2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(217287

-13{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[10-(4-carboxy-phenoxy)-decanoylamino]-butyrylamino}-ethoxy)-ethoxy]acetylamino}-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-acetylamino}-butyryl-, (SM-Carboxy-^-ÎtSH-carboxy-^IZ(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(7-carboxy-heptanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyrylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-t(S)-4-^cart^îoxy-4’(11-ca^rboxy-undecan^oylamino)-butyrylamino]ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyrylamino}-butyryl-₍ (S)-4Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(13-carboxytridecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-butyrylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylaminol-ethoxyj-ethoxyj-acetylaminoj-butyrylaminoj-butyryl-, and (S)-4-Carboxy-4{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(19-carboxy-nonadecanoy!amino)butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyrylamino}butyryl-.

Further preferred are stereoisomers, particularly enantiomers of these groups, eîther S- or R-enantiomers. The term R in Table 1 is intended to mean the attachment site of -C(O)R⁵ at the peptide back bone, i.e. particularly the ε-amino group of Lys.

-14Table 1

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According to one embodiment, R⁵ is selected from the group consisting of (S)-4-carboxy4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl (yE-x53), (S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl (yE5 x70), 4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl (GABA-X53), 443-[(R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)L·

-284,8,12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]-propÎony1amino}-butyryl- (GABA-x60), 4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl (GABA-X70), 4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)-butyryl (GABAx74), 6-[(4,4-Diphenyl-cyclohexyloxy)-hydroxy-phosphoryloxy]-hexanoyl (Phosphol ), Hexadecanoyl (x53), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino)-butyryl (x52), (S)4-Carboxy-4-{3-i3-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)propionylamino]-propionylamino)-butyryl (yE-x59), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{3-[(R)-2,5,7,8tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]propionylaminoj-butyryl (γΕ-χ60), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12dienoylaminoj-butyryl (γΕ-χ61), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[6-((2S,3R,4S_I5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5tetrahydroxy-pentanoylaminoHiexanoylaminoJ-butyryl (γΕ-χ64), (S)-4-Carboxy-4((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4₍5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)-birtyryl (γΕ-χ65), (S)-4carboxy-4-tetradecanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ69), (S)-4-(11-Benzyloxycarbonylundecanoylamino)-4-carboxy-butyryl (γΕ-χ72), (S)-4-carboxy-4-[11-((2S,3R,4R,5R)-

2,3₁4,5,6-pentahydroxy-hexylcarbamoyl)-undecanoylamino}-butyryl (γΕ-χ73), (S)-4-

Carboxy-4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ74), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(4-dodecyloxybenzoylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ75), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-henicosanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ76), (S)4-Carboxy-4-docosanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ77), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((Z)-nonadec-10enoylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ79), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(4-decyloxy-benzoylamino)-butyryl (γΕx80), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[(4’-octyloxy-biphenyl-4-carbonyl)-amino]-butyryl (γΕ-χ81), (S)-4Carboxy-4-(12-phenyl-dodecanoylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ82), (S)-4-Carboxy-4icosanoylamîno-butyryl (γΕ-χ95), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylaminobutyrylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-γΕ-χ53), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylaminobutyrylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-γΕ-χ70), and 3-(3-Octadecanoylamino-propionylamino)propionyl(P-Ala-p-Ala-x70).

According to another embodiment, R⁵ is selected from the group consisting of (S)-4carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ70), (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylaminobutyryl (yE-x53), and hexadecanoyl (x53).

According to yet another embodiment, R⁵ is (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl (_VE-x53).

In some embodiments of the invention, position X14 and/or X40 represents Lysine (Lys). According to some embodiments, Lys at position 14 and optionally at position 40 ts functionalized, e.g. with a group -C(O)R⁵ as described above. In other embodiments, X40

-29is absent and X14 is Lys functionalized with -C(O)-R⁵, -C(O)O-R⁵, -C(O)NH-R5, -S(O)2-R5 or R5, preferably by -C(O)-R⁵, wherein R⁵ is as defined above. In particular, X14 is Lys functionalized with C(O)-R⁵, wherein R⁵ is selected from the group consisting of (S)-4carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ53), (S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylaminobutyryl (γΕ-χ70), 4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl (GABA-x53), 4-{3-[(R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-

2-((4R,8R)-4,8_l12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino}-butyryl(GABA-x60), 4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl (GABA-x70), 4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)butyryl (GABA-X74), 6-[(4,4-Diphenyl-cyclohexyloxy)-hydroxy-phosphoryloxy]-hexanoyl (Phosphol), Hexadecanoyl (x53), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino)butyryl (x52), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{3-[3-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy- pentanoylamino)-propionylamino]-propionylamino}-butyryl (γΕ-χ59), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(3[(R)-2,5,7₍8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]propionylaminoj-butyryl (γΕ-χ60), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12dienoylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ61), (SJ^-Carboxy^-ÎG-^ZS.SR^S.SRJ-S-carboxy-Z,3,4,5tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)-hexanoylamino]-butyryl (γΕ-χ64), (S)-4-Carboxy-4((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoy!amino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ65), (S)-4carboxy-4-tetradecanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ69), (S)-4-(11-BenzyloxycarbonylundecanoylaminoH-carboxy-butyryl (γΕ-χ72), (S)-4-carboxy-4-[11-((2S,3R,4R,5R)-

2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-hexylcarbamoyl)-undecanoylamino]-butyryl (γΕ-χ73), (S)-4-

Carboxy-4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ74), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(4-dodecyloxybenzoylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ75), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-henicosanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ76), (S)4-Carboxy-4-docosanoylamino-butyryl (γΕ-χ77), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((Z)-nonadec-10enoylaminoj-butyryl (γΕ-χ79), (SJ-4-Carboxy-4-(4-decyloxy-benzoy1amino)-butyryl (γΕx80), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[(4'-octyïoxy-biphenyl-4-carbonyl)-amino]-butyryl (γΕ-χ81), (S>-4Carboxy-4-(12-phenyl-dodecanoy!amino)-butyryl (γΕ-χ82), (S)-4-Carboxy-4icosanoylamino-butyryl (yE-x95), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylaminobutyrylamino)-butyryl (γΕ-γΕ-χ53), (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylaminobutyrylaminoj-butyryl (γΕ-γΕ-χ70), and 3-(3-Octadecanoylamino-propionylamino)propionyl(P-A1a-P-Ala-x70).

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

R¹ is NHz,

R² is NHz or

R¹ and R² are NHz.

\9 L·

-30A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, His and a-aminofunctionalized Gin, wherein Gin may be functionalized in that an H of the a-NH2 group is substituted by (Ci -C4)-alkyl,

X14 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys, Om, Dab and Dap, wherein the -NH2 side chain group îs functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵,

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Lys and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Glu, Gin, Leu and Lys,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Arg, Lys and Aib,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp, Leu and Glu,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Arg, Lys, Aib, Ser, Glu, Asp and Ala,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Ala, D-Ala and Thr,

X35 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala or Glu,

X39 is Ser or is absent,

X40 is either absent or represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group can be functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵ and

-C(O)-R⁵ is as defined above.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys and Om, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵,

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin and Lys,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Arg, Lys and Aib,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp, Leu and Glu,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Arg, Lys, Aib, Ser and Ala,

-31X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Ala or Thr,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser or is absent,

-C(O)-R⁵ is as defined above.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Lys and Aib.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by one of the groups selected from 3-(3-octadecanoylamino-propîonyl-amino)-propionyl-, 4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, 4-{3-[(R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R_I8R)-4,8,12trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonylJ-propionylamino}-butyryl-, 4octadecanoylamino-butyryl-, 4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)-butyryl·, hexadecanoyl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4carboxy-4-(4-dodecyloxy-benzoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4henicosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-docosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4carboxy-4-((Z)-nonadec-10-enoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-(4-decy!oxybenzoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-[(4'-octyloxy-biphenyl-4-carbonyl)amino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-(12-phenyl-dodecanoylamino)-butyryl-, <S)-4carboxy-4-«S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyry!amrno)-butyry1-, (S)-4carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4carboxy-4-{3-[(R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4₁8₁12-trimethyl-tridecyl)chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-((9Z,12Z)octadeca-9,12-dienoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylaminobutyryl- and (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-,

X15 represents Glu,

X16 represents Ser,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin and Lys,

X18 represents Ala,

X20 represents Gin,

-32X21 represents Asp,

X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser

X40 is absent.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds of formula (I), wherein

X2 represents Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-Carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl- and (S)-4-Carboxy-4octadecanoylamino-butyryl-;

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Glu,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and Lys,

X18 represents Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and Lys,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu,

X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly and D-Ala,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-Carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-;

X15 represents Asp,

X16 represents Ser,

X17 represents Arg,

X18 represents Arg,

X20 represents Gin,

-33X21 represents Asp,

X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly and D-Ala,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents D-Ser,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group can be functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-carboxy-4-(3-[(R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4carboxy-4-((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4tetradecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylamîno-butyryl-, 2((S)-4-carboxy-4-{3-[3-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentanoylaminoj-propionylaminoj-propionylaminoî-butyryl-, 2-{(S)-4-carboxy-4[6-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)hexanoylaminoj-butyryl-, 2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3,4,5tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)-butyryl-, 2-[(S)-4-(11-benzyloxycarbonylundecanoylamino)-4-carboxy-butyryl-, 2-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[11-((2S,3R,4R,5R)-

2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-hexylcarbamoyl)-undecanoylamino]-butyryl-;

X15 represents Asp,

X16 represents Ser,

X17 represents Arg,

X18 represents Arg,

X20 represents Gin,

X21 represents Asp,

X28 represents Asn,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

-34A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents D-Ser,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particulariy by (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl- or hexadecanoyl-;

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu or Asp,

X16 represents Ser,

X17 represents Arg,

X18 represents Arg,

X20 represents Gin,

X21 represents Asp,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Arg, Lys, Aib, Ser, Glu and Asp,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Ala, D-Ala and Thr,

X35 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala, Glu, Arg and Lys, X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents D-Ser,

X3 represents Gin,

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Glu, Lys and Aib,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Lys and Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Lys and Aib, X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala and Asn,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

-35A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents D-Ser,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Om or Dab, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S>4-cart>oxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-;

X15 represents Glu,

X16 represents Ser,

X17 represents Arg,

X18 represents Arg,

X20 represents Gin,

X21 represents Asp,

X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents D-Ser,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoy!amino-butyryl- or hexadecanoyl-;

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents Ser,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Lys,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala,

X20 represents Gin,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala and Asn,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 represents Ser or is absent,

X40 is absent or represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is optionally functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl- and

Ou

-36R² is NH₂, NH(Ci-Cib) alkyl, which are unsubstituted or monosubstituted by OH or 3fold-substituted by F, N[(Ci-Ce) aîkyl]₂, NH(CH2-CH2-O)i-24-(Ci-C4) alkyl-COOH, NH-pyrrolidine (N-pyrrolidin-1-yl-amido), NH-benzyl (N-benzyl-amido) or Nmorpholine (1-morpholin-4-yl), particularly by NH₂, NH-CH2-CH3, NH-ÎCH^ CH₃, NH-C(CH₃)_3> NH-CH2-CF₃, NH-(CH₂)i₂-OH, NH-(CH₂)i₃-CH₃, NH-(CH₂)i4CH₃, NH-(CH₂)i5-CH₃, NH-(CH₂)i7-CH₃, NH(CH2-CH2-O)4-CH2-CH2-COOH, NHfCH^CH^OJ^-CH^CH^COOH, NH-N(CH₂)4, NH-CHz-CeHs, Ν(ΟΗ2-ΟΗ₂)₂Ο.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, His, Asn and N^a-methylated Gin [Gin (a-NHCH₃)],

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH₂ side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl- or hexadecanoyl-;

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Lys,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Glu,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Arg and Aib,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala and Asn,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds of formula (I), wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, His and N°-methylated Gin [Gin (a-NHCH₃)J,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH₂ side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamîno-butyryI- or hexadecanoyl-;

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Lys,

X17 represents Arg,

-37X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and Aib,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu,

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala and Asn,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds of formula (I), wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and His,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy hexadecanoylamino-butyrylaminoj-butyryl-, or (S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-;

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents Glu,

X17 represents Glu,

X18 represents Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Lys,

X21 represents Leu,

X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents Gly,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

A still further preferred embodiment relates to a group of compounds wherein

X40 is absent.

A still further preferred embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein the functionalized Lys in position 14 is functionalized at its ε-amino group with -C(O)-R⁵, and-C(O)-R⁵ is (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoyl-amino-butyryl, (S)-4-carboxy-4octadecanoylamino-butyryl, hexadecanoyl or octadecanoyl.

-38A still further preferred embodiment relates to a group of compounds wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Aib and D-Ser;

X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and His;

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by one of the groups selected from (S)-4-Carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4Carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4hexadecanoyiamino-butyrylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4octadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, 3-(3-Octadecanoylaminopropiony!amino)-propionyl-, 3-(3-Hexadecanoylamino-propionylamino)propionyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-henicosanoylamino-butyryl-, 4Hexadecanoylamino-butyryl- and 4-octadecanoyïamîno-butyryl-,

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Glu;

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu;

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin, Lys, Aib and Leu;

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala;

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Aib and Lys;

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp, Glu and Lys;

X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Ser, Aib, Ala and Arg;

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Thr, Ala and D-Ala;

X35 represents Ala;

X39 represents Ser and

X40 is absent.

A still further preferred embodiment relates to a group of compounds wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Aib and D-Ser;

X3 represents Gin;

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by one of the groups selected from (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoyl-amino-butyryl, (S)-4carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl, hexadecanoyl and octadecanoyl;

X15 represents Glu;

X16 represents Ser;

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin and Lys;

X18 represents Ala;

X20 represents G!n;

-39X21 represents Asp;

X28 represents Ala;

X29 represents Gly;

X35 represents Ala;

X39 represents Ser and

X40 is absent

A further embodiment relates to a group of compounds, wherein

X2 represents Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particulariy by (S)-4-Carboxy-4-henicosanoylamino-butyryl- and (S)-4-Carboxy-4octadecanoylamino-butyryl-;

X15 represents Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Glu,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala and Arg,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and Lys,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu,

X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly and D-Ala,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

In one embodiment, the invention provides a peptidic compound having the formula (I):

R¹-Z-R² (I), wherein Z is a peptide moiety having the formula (lia) H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-K-A-Aib-Q-D-F-l-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-SG-A-P-P-P-S-NH2 (lia).

In another embodiment, the invention provides a peptidic compound having the formula (1):

R¹-Z-R² (I), wherein Z is a peptide moiety having the formula (llb)

-40H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-S-Q-D-F-l-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-GA-P-P-P-S-NH2 (llb).

In another embodiment, the invention provides a peptidic compound having the formula d):

R¹-Z-R² (I), wherein Z is a peptide moiety having the formula (Ile)

H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-L-Q-D-F-l-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-GA-P-P-P-S-NH2 (Ile).

In another embodiment, the invention provides a peptidic compound having the formula (I):

R¹-Z-R² (I), wherein Z is a peptide moiety having the formula (lld)

H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E-W-K-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-GA-P-P-P-S-NH2 (lld).

Spécifie examples of peptidic compounds of the invention are the compounds of SEQ ID NO: 4-181, as well as salts and solvatés thereof.

Further spécifie examples of peptidic compounds of the invention are the compounds of SEQ ID NO: 4-181 and 196-223 as well as salts and solvatés thereof.

Further spécifie examples of peptidic compounds of the invention are the compounds of SEQ ID NO: 7, 11-13, 22, 24-31, 34-39, 44-48, 86, 97, 123-124, 130-159, 164, 166, 173176, as well as salts and solvatés thereof.

Further spécifie examples of peptidic compounds of formula (I) are the compounds of SEQ ID NO: 7, 11-13, 22, 24-31, 34-39, 44-48, 86, 97, 123-124, 130-159, 164, 166, 173176,196-223, 226-229 as well as salts and solvatés thereof.

In some embodiments, the compound of the invention is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs.: 25, 31, 133, 148, 153, 155 and 158. In other embodiments, the compound of the invention is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs.: 209, 210, 211, 212 and 213.

-41 According to one particular embodiment, the compound of the invention is represented by SEQ ID NO.: 97 (see Table 10). In another particular embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is represented by SEQ ID NO.: 24 (see Table 10).

In certain embodiments, i.e. when the compound of formula (I) comprises genetically encoded amino acid residues, the invention further provides a nucleic acid (which may be DNA or RNA) encoding said compound, an expression vector comprising such a nucleic acid, and a host cell containing such a nucleic acid or expression vector.

In a further aspect, the présent invention provides a composition comprising a compound of the invention in admixture with a carrier. In preferred embodiments, the composition is a pharmaceutically acceptable composition and the carrier is a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The compound of the invention may be in the form of a sait, e.g. a pharmaceutically acceptable sait or a solvaté, e.g. a hydrate. In still a further aspect, the présent invention provides a composition for use in a method of medical treatment, particularly in human medicine.

In certain embodiments, the nucleic acid or the expression vector may be used as therapeutic agents, e.g. in gene therapy.

The compounds of formula (I) are suitable for therapeutic application without an additionally therapeutically effective agent. In other embodiments, however, the compounds are used together with at least one additional therapeutically active agent, as described in “combination therapy.

The compounds of formula (I) are particularly suitable for the treatment or prévention of diseases or disorders caused by, associated with and/or accompanied by disturbances in carbohydrate and/or lipid metabolism, e.g. for the treatment or prévention of hyperglycemia, type 2 diabètes, impaired glucose tolérance, type 1 diabètes, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Further, the compounds of the invention are particularly suitable for the treatment or prévention of degenerative diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases.

The compounds described find use, inter alia, in preventing weight gain or promoting

-42weight loss. By preventing is meant inhibiting or reducing when compared to the absence of treatment, and is not necessarily meant to imply complété cessation of a disorder.

The compounds of the invention may cause a decrease in food intake and/or increase in energy expenditure, resulting in the observed effect on body weight.

Independently of their effect on body weight, the compounds of the invention may hâve a bénéficiai effect on circulating cholestérol levels, being capable of improving lipid levels, particularly LDL, as well as HDL levels (e.g. increasing HDL/LDL ratio).

Thus, the compounds of the invention can be used for direct or indirect therapy of any condition caused or characterised by excess body weight, such as the treatment and/or prévention of obesity, morbid obesity, obesity linked inflammation, obesity linked gallbladder disease, obesity induced sleep apnea. They may also be used for treatment and prévention of the metabolic syndrome, diabètes, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, or stroke. Their effects in these conditions may be as a resuit of or associated with their effect on body weight, or may be independent thereof.

Preferred medical uses inciude delaying or preventing disease progression in type 2 diabètes, treating metabolic syndrome, treating obesity or preventing overweight, for decreasing food intake, increase energy expenditure, reducing body weight, delaying the progression from impaired glucose tolérance (1GT) to type 2 diabètes; delaying the progression from type 2 diabètes to insulin-requiring diabètes; regulating appetite; inducing satiety; preventing weight regain after successful weight loss; treating a disease or state related to overweight or obesity; treating bulimia; treating binge eating; treating atherosclerosis, hypertension, type 2 diabètes, IGT, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, hepatic steatosis, treatment of beta-blocker poisoning, use for inhibition of the motilrty of the gastrointestinal tract, useful in connection with investigations of the gastrointestinal tract using techniques such as X-ray, CT- and NMR-scanning.

Further preferred medical uses inciude treatment or prévention of degenerative disorders, particularly neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimeris disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, ataxia, e.g spinocerebellar ataxia, Kennedy disease, *

-43myotonic dystrophy, Lewy body dementia, multi-systemic atrophy, amyotrophie latéral sclerosis, primary latéral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, prion-associated diseases, e.g. Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, multiple sclerosis, telangiectasia, Batten disease, corticobasal degeneration, subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, Tabes dorsalis, Tay-Sachs disease, toxic encephalopathy, infantile Refsum disease, Refsum disease, neuroacanthocytosis, Niemann-Pick disease, Lyme disease, Machado-Joseph disease, Sandhoff disease, Shy-Drager syndrome, wobbly hedgehog syndrome, proteopathy, cérébral β-amyloid angiopathy, retinal ganglion cell degeneration in glaucoma, synucleinopathies, tauopathies, frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), dementia, cadasil syndrome, hereditary cérébral hemorrhage with amyloidosis, Alexander disease, seipinopathies, familial amyloidotic neuropathy, senile systemic amyloidosis, serpinopathies, AL (light chain) amyloidosis (primary systemic amyloidosis), AH (heavy chaîn) amyloidosis, AA (secondary) amyloidosis, sortie médial amyloidosis, ApoAl amyloidosis, ApoAII amyloidosis, ApoAIV amyloidosis, familial amyloidosis of the Finnish type (FAF), Lysozyme amyloidosis, Fibrinogen amyloidosis, Dialysis amyloidosis, Inclusion body myositis/myopathy, Cataracte, Retinitis pigmentosa with rhodopsin mutations, medullary thyroid carcinoma, cardiac atrial amyloidosis, pituitary prolactinoma, Hereditary lattice comeal dystrophy, Cutaneous lichen amyloidosis, Mallory bodies, comeal lactoferrin amyloidosis, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, odontogenic (Pindborg) tumor amyloid, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease or critical illness myopathy (CIM).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Définitions

The amino acid sequences of the présent invention contain the conventional one letter and three letter codes for naturally occurring amino acids, as well as generally accepted three letter codes for other amino acids, such as Aib (α-aminoisobutyric acid), Om (omithin), Dab (2,4-diamino butyric acid), Dap (2,3-diamino propionic acid), Nie (norleucine), GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) or Ahx (ε-aminohexanoic acid).

The term “native exendin-4 refers to native exendin-4 having the sequence HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPPS-NHz (SEQ ID NO: 1).

¢(17287

-44The invention provides peptidic compounds as defined above.

The peptidic compounds of the présent invention comprise a linear backbone of amino carboxylic acids linked by peptide, i.e. carboxamide bonds. Preferably, the amino carboxylic acids are α-amino carboxylic acids and more preferably L-a-amino carboxylic acids, unless indicated otherwise. The peptidic compounds preferably comprise a backbone sequence of 39-40 amino carboxylic acids.

The peptidic compounds may be functionalized (covalently linked) with chemical moieties at their N-terminus, C-terminus and at least one side chain. The N-terminus of the peptidic compound may be unmodified, i.e. an NH2 group or a mono- or bisfunctionalized NH2 group.

At the C-terminus, the peptidic compounds may be unmodified, i.e. hâve a OH group or be modified, e.g. with functionalized OH group or an NH2 group or a monofunctionalized or bisfunctionalized NH2 group as described above (see R)

The term “alkyl”, as used herein, refers to saturated, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals. The alkyl groups can be linear, i.e. straight-chain, or branched.

The term “alkanediyl” or “alkylene”, as used herein, refers to saturated, divalent hydrocarbon radicals. As far as applicable, the preceding explanations regarding alkyl groups apply correspondingly to alkanediyl groups, which thus can likewise be linear and branched. Examples of divalent alkyl groups are -CH2- (= methylene), -CH2-CH2-, -CH2CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH(CH₃)-, -C(CH₃)2-, -CH{CH₃)-CH2-, -CH2-CH(CH₃)-, C(CH₃)2-CH2-, -CH2-C(CH₃)2-.

The term “cycloalkyl, as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a monovalent radical of a saturated or partiaily saturated hydrocarbon ring system, which can be monocyclic. Examples of cycloalkyl groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.

The term “heterocycloalkyl or “heterocyclyl, as used herein unless otherwise indicated, refers to a cycloalkyl as defined above, in which 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms are replaced by nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms, provided that the heterocycloalkyl system is stable and

-45suitable as a subgroup for the desired purpose of the compound of the formula (I) such as use as a dru g substance. Depending on the définition of the respective heterocyclic group, in one embodiment of the invention the number of ring heteroatoms which can be présent in a heterocyclic group, independently of the number of ring heteroatoms in any other heterocyclic group, is 1,2,3 or 4, in another embodiment 1, 2 or 3, in another embodiment 1 or 2, in another embodiment 2, in another embodiment 1, wherein the ring heteroatoms can be identical or different. The heterocycloalkyl group can be attached by any ring carbon atom or saturated ring nitrogen atom.

Halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.

The peptidic compounds of the présent invention may hâve unmodified side chains or carry at least one modification at one of the side chains.

For the avoidance of doubt, in the définitions provided herein, it is generally intended that the sequence of the peptidic moiety (11) differs from native exendin-4 at least at one of those positions which are stated to allow variation. Amino acids within the peptide moiety (II) can be considered to be numbered consecutively from 0 to 40 in the conventional N-terminal to C-terminal direction. Reference to a “position within peptidic moiety (II) should be constructed accordingly, as should reference to positrons within native exendin-4 and other molécules.

The amino acid residues at position 14 and optionally at position 40, having a side chain with an -NH2 group, e.g. Lys, Om, Dab or Dap are conjugated to a functional group, e.g. acyl groups. Thus, one or more selected amino acids of the peptides in the présent invention may carry a covalent attachment at their side chains. In some cases those attachments may be lipophilie. These lipophilie side chain attachments hâve the potential to reduce in vivo clearance of the peptides thus increasîng their in vivo half-lives.

The lipophilie attachment may consist of a lipophilie moiety which can be a branched or unbranched, aliphatic or unsaturated acyclic moiety and/or a cyclic moiety selected from one or several aliphatic or unsaturated homocycles or heterocycles, aromatic condensed or non-condensed homocycles or heterocycles, ether linkages, unsaturated bonds and substituents, e.g. hydroxy and/or carboxy groups. The lipophilie moiety may be attached to the peptide either by alkylation, reductive amination or by an amide bond or a sulfonamide

-46bond in case of amino acids carrying an amino group at their side chain, an ester bond in case of amino acids carrying a hydroxy group at their side chain or thioether or thioester linkages in case of amino acids carrying a thiol group at their side chain or it may be attached to a modified side chain of an amino acid thus allowing the introduction of a lipophilie moiety by click-chemistry or Michael-addition.

Nonlimiting examples of lipophilie moieties that can be attached to amino acid side chains include fatty acids, e.g. C&-30 fatty acids such as palmitic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid, and/or cyclic groups as described above or dérivatives thereof.

There might be one or several linkers between the amino acid of the peptide and the lipophilie attachment. Nonlimiting examples of those linkers are β-alanine, γ-glutamic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and/or ε-aminohexanoic acid or dipeptides, such as β-ΑΙβ-β-ΑΙβ and/or γ-Glu-Y-Glu in ail their stereo-isomer forms (S and R enantiomers).

Thus, one nonlimiting example of a side chain attachment is palmitic acid which is covalently linked to the α-amino group of glutamic acid formîng an amide bond. The γcarboxy group of this substituted glutamic acid can form an amide bond with the side chain amino group of a lysine within the peptide.

In a further aspect, the présent invention provides a composition comprising a compound of the invention as described herein, or a sait or solvaté thereof, in admixture with a carrier.

The invention also provides the use of a compound of the présent invention for use as a médicament, particularly for the treatment of a condition as described below.

The invention also provides a composition wherein the composition is a pharmaceutically acceptable composition, and the carrier is a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Peptide synthesis

The skilled person is aware of a variety of different methods to préparé peptides that are described in this invention. These methods include but are not limited to synthetic approaches and recombinant gene expression. Thus, one way of preparing these peptides is the synthesis in solution or on a solid support and subséquent isolation and

-47purification. A different way of preparing the peptides is gene expression in a host cell in which a DNA sequence encoding the peptide has been introduced. Altematively, the gene expression can be achieved without utilizing a cell system. The methods described above may also be combined in any way.

A preferred way to préparé the peptides of the présent invention is solid phase synthesis on a suitable resin. Solid phase peptide synthesis is a well established methodology (see for example: Stewart and Young, Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis, Pierce Chemical Co., Rockford, III., 1984; E. Atherton and R. C. Sheppard, Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis. A Practical Approach, Oxford-IRL Press, New York, 1989). Solid phase synthesis is înitiated by attaching an N-terminally protected amino acid with its carboxy terminus to an inert solid support carrying a cleavable linker. This solid support can be any polymer that allows coupling of the initial amino acid , e.g. a trityl resin, a chlorotrityl resin, a Wang resin or a Rink resin in which the linkage of the carboxy group (or carboxamide for Rink resin) to the resin is sensitive to acid (when Fmoc strategy is used). The polymer support must be stable under the conditions used to deprotect the α-amino group during the peptide synthesis.

After the first amino acid has been coupled to the solid support, the α-amino protecting group of this amino acid is removed. The remaining protected amino acids are then coupled one after the other in the order represented by the peptide sequence using appropriate amide coupling reagents, for example BOP (benzotriazol-1-yl-oxy-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphonium), HBTU (2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronîum), HATU (0-(7-azabenztriazo!-1-yl-oxy-tris-(dimethylamino)-phosphonium) or DIC (Ν,Ν'-diisopropylcarbodiimide) / HOBt (1-hydroxybenzotriazol), wherein BOP, HBTU and HATU are used with tertiary amine bases. Altematively, the liberated N-terminus can be functionalized with groups other than amino acids, for example carboxylic acids, etc.

Usually, reactive side chain groups of the amino acids are protected with suitable blocking groups. These protecting groups are removed after the desired peptides hâve been assembled. They are removed concomitantly with the cleavage of the desired product from the resin under the same conditions. Protecting groups and the procedures to introduce protecting groups can be found in Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3d ed., Greene, T. W. and Wuts, P. G. M._t Wiley & Sons (New York: 1999).

-48In some cases it might be désirable to hâve side chain protecting groups that can selectively be removed while other side chain protecting groups remain intact. In this case the liberated functionality can be selectively functionalized. For example, a lysine may be protected with an ivDde protecting group (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603) which is labile to a very nucleophilic base, for example 4% hydrazine in DMF (dimethyl formamide). Thus, if the N-terminal amino group and ail side chain functionalities are protected with acid labile protecting groups, the ivDde ([1-(4,4-dimethyl-

2,6-dioxocyclohex-1-ylidene)-3-methylbutyl) group can be selectively removed using 4% hydrazine in DMF and the corresponding free amino group can then be further modified, e.g. by acylation. The lysine can altematively be coupled to a protected amino acid and the amino group of this amino acid can then be deprotected resultîng in another free amino group which can be acylated or attached to further amino acids.

Finaliy the peptide is cleaved from the resin. This can be achieved by using King’s cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36,1990,255-266). The raw material can then be purified by chromatography, e.g. préparative RP-HPLC, if necessary.

Potency

As used herein, the term “potency or “in vitro potency is a measure for the ability of a compound to activate the receptors for GLP-1 or glucagon in a cell-based assay. Numerically, it is expressed as the EC50 value, which is the effective concentration of a compound that induces a half maximal increase of response (e.g. formation of intracellular cAMP) in a dose-response experiment.

Therapeutic uses

According to one aspect, the compounds of the invention are for use in medicine, particularly human medicine.

The compounds of the invention are agonists for the receptors for GLP-1 and for glucagon (e.g. “dual agonists”) and may provide an attractive option for targeting the metabolic syndrome by allowing simultaneous treatment of obesity and diabètes.

-49Metabolic syndrome is a combination of medical disorders that, when occurring together, increase the risk of developing type 2 diabètes, as well as atherosclerotic vascular disease, e.g. heart disease and stroke. Defining medical parameters for the metabolic syndrome include diabètes mellitus, impaired glucose tolérance, raised fasting glucose, insulin résistance, urinary albumin sécrétion, central obesity, hypertension, elevated triglycérides, elevated LDL cholestérol and reduced HDL cholestérol.

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may hâve an adverse effect on health and life expectancy and due to its increasing prevalence in adults and children it has become one of the leading preventable causes of death in modem world. It increases the likelihood of various other diseases, including heart disease, type 2 diabètes, obstructive sleep apnoe, certain types of cancer, as well as osteoarthritis, and it is most commonly caused by a combination of excess food intake, reduced energy expenditure, as well as genetic susceptibility.

Diabètes mellitus, often simply called diabètes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar levels, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. The most common types of diabètes are: (1) type 1 diabètes, where the body faits to produce insulin; (2) type 2 diabètes, where the body faits to use insulin properiy, combined with an increase in insulin deficiency over time, and (3) gestational diabètes, where women develop diabètes due to their pregnancy. Ail forms of diabètes increase the risk of longterm complications, which typically develop after many years. Most of these long-term complications are based on damage to blood vessels and can be divided into the two categories “macrovascular” disease, arising from atherosclerosis of larger blood vessels and “mtcrovascular” disease, arising from damage of small blood vessels. Examples for macrovascular disease conditions are ischémie heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral vascular disease. Examples for microvascular diseases are diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, as well as diabetic neuropathy.

The receptors for GLP-1 and glucagon are both members of the family B of G-protein coupled receptors. They are highly related to each other and share not only a significant level of sequence identity, but hâve also similar mechanisms of ligand récognition and intracellular signaling pathways.

-50Similarly, the peptides GLP-1 and glucagon are homologous to each other, with similar length and régions of high sequence identity. Both are produced from a common precursor, preproglucagon, which is differentially processed in a tissue-specific manner to yield e.g. GLP-1 in intestinal endocrine cells and glucagon in alpha cells of pancreatic islets.

The incretin hormone GLP-1 is secreted by intestinal endocrine cells in response to food and enhances meal-stimulated insulin sécrétion. Evidence suggests that GLP-1 sécrétion is reduced in subjects with impaired glucose tolérance or type 2 diabètes, whereas responsiveness to GLP-1 is still preserved in these patients. Thus, targeting of the GLP-1 receptor with suîtable agonists offers an attractive approach for treatment of metabolic disorders, including diabètes. The receptor for GLP-1 is distributed widely, being found mainly in pancreatic islets, brain, heart, kidney and the gastrointestinal tract. In the pancréas, GLP-1 acts in a strictly glucose-dependent manner by increasing sécrétion of insulin from beta cells. This glucose-dependency shows that activation of GLP-1 receptors is unlikely to cause hypoglycemia.

At the beta œil level, GLP-1 has been shown to promote glucose sensitivity, neogenesis, prolifération, transcription of proinsulin and hypertrophy, as well as antiapoptosis. Other relevant effects of GLP-1 beyond the pancréas include delayed gastric emptying, increased satiety, decreased food intake, réduction of body weight, as well as neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects. In patients with type 2 diabètes, such extrapancreatic effects could be particularly important considering the high rates of comorbidities like obesity and cardiovascular disease.

Glucagon is a 29-amino acid peptide hormone that is produced by pancreatic alpha cells and released into the bloodstream when circulating glucose is low. An important physiological rôle of glucagon is to stimulate glucose output in the liver, which is a process providing the major counterregulatory mechanism for insulin in maintaining glucose homeostasis in vivo.

Glucagon receptors are however also expressed in extrahepatic tissues such as kidney, heart, adipocytes, lymphoblasts, brain, retina, adrenal gland and gastrointestinal tract, suggesting a broader physiological rôle beyond glucose homeostasis. Accordingly, recent studies hâve reported that glucagon has therapeutically positive effects on energy

-51management, including stimulation of energy expenditure and thermogenesis, accompanied by réduction of food intake and body weight loss. Altogether, stimulation of glucagon receptors might be useful in the treatment of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.

Oxyntomodulin is a 37-amîno acid peptide hormone consisting of glucagon with an eight amino acids encompassing C-terminal extension. Like GLP-1 and glucagon, it is preformed in preproglucagon and cleaved and secreted in a tissue-specific manner by endocrinal cells of the small bowel. Oxyntomodulin is known to stimulate both, the receptors for GLP-1 and glucagon and is therefore the prototype of a dual agonist.

As GLP-1 is known for its anti-diabetic effects, GLP-1 and glucagon are both known for their food intake-suppressing effects and glucagon is also a mediator of additional energy expenditure, it is conceivable that a combination of the activities of the two hormones in one molécule can yield a powerful médication for treatment of the metabolic syndrome and in particular its components diabètes and obesity.

Accordingly, the compounds of the invention may be used for treatment of glucose intolérance, insulin résistance, pre-diabetes, increased fasting glucose, type 2 diabètes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease, stroke or any combination of these individual disease components.

ln addition, they may be used for control of appetite, feeding and calory intake, increase of energy expenditure, prévention of weight gain, promotion of weight loss, réduction of excess body weight and altogether treatment of obesity, including morbid obesity.

Further disease states and health conditions which could be treated with the compounds of the invention are obesity-linked inflammation, obesity-linked gallbladder disease and obesity-induced sleep apnea.

Although ail these conditions could be associated directly or indirectly with obesity, the effects of the compounds of the invention may be mediated in whole or in part via an effect on body weight, or independent thereof.

Further, diseases to be treated are neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's

-52disease or Parkinson's disease, or other degenerative diseases as described above.

Pharmaceutical compositions

The term pharmaceutical composition indicates a mixture containing ingrédients that are compatible when mixed and which may be administered. A pharmaceutical composition may include one or more médicinal drugs. Additionally, the pharmaceutical composition may include carriers, buffers, acidifying agents, alkalizing agents, solvents, adjuvants, tonicity adjusters, émollients, expanders, preservatives, physical and chemical stabilizers e.g. surfactants, antioxidants and other components, whether these are considered active or inactive ingrédients. Guidance for the skilled in preparing pharmaceutical compositions may be found, for example, in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, (20th ed.) ed. A. R. Gennaro A. R., 2000, Lippencott Williams & Wilkins and in R.C.Rowe et al (Ed), Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, PhP, May 2013 update.

The exendin-4 peptide dérivatives of the présent invention, or salts thereof, are administered in conjonction with an acceptable pharmaceutical carrier, diluent, or excipient as part of a pharmaceutical composition. A pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is a carrier which is physîologically acceptable (e.g. physîologically acceptable pH) while retaining the therapeutic properties of the substance with which it is administered. Standard acceptable pharmaceutical carriers and their formulations are known to one skilled in the art and described, for example, in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, (20th ed.) ed. A. R. Gennaro A. R., 2000, Lippencott Williams & Wilkins and in R.C.Rowe et al (Ed), Handbook of Pharmaceutical excipients, PhP, May 2013 update. One exemplary pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is physiological saline solution.

In one embodiment carriers are seiected from the group of buffers (e.g. citrate/cfaic acid), acidifying agents (e.g. hydrochloric acid), alkalizing agents (e.g. sodium hydroxide), preservatives (e.g. phénol), co-solvents (e.g. polyethylene glycol 400), tonicity adjusters (e.g. mannitol), stabilizers (e.g. surfactant, antioxidants, amino acids).

Concentrations used are in a range that is physîologically acceptable.

Acceptable pharmaceutical carriers or diluents include those used in formulations suitable for oral, rectal, nasal or parentéral (inciuding subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous,

-53intradermal, and transdermal) administration. The compounds ofthe présent invention will typically be administered parenterally.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable sait means salts of the compounds of the invention which are safe and effective for use in mammals. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts may include, but are not limited to, acid addition salts and basic salts. Examples of acid addition salts include chloride, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, (hydrogen) phosphate, acetate, citrate, tosylate or mesylate salts. Examples of basic salts include salts with inorganic cations, e.g. alkaline or alkaline earth métal salts such as sodium, potassium, magnésium or calcium salts and salts with organic cations such as amine salts. Further examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts are described in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, (20th ed.) ed. A. R. Gennaro A. R., 2000, Lippencott Williams & Wilkins or in Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts, Properties, Sélection and Use, e.d. P. H. Stahl, C. G. Wermuth, 2002, jointly published by Veriag Helvetica Chimica Acta, Zurich, Switzerland, and Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany.

The term “solvaté means complexes of the compounds of the invention or salts thereof with solvent molécules, e.g. organic solvent molécules and/or water.

In the pharmaceutical composition, the exendin-4 dérivative can be în monomeric or oligomeric form.

The term therapeutically effective amount' of a compound refers to a nontoxic but sufficient amount of the compound to provide the desired effect The amount of a compound of the formula I necessary to achieve the desired biological effect dépends on a number of factors, for example the spécifie compound chosen, the intended use, the mode of administration and the clinical condition of the patient. An appropriate effective amount in any individual case may be determined by one of ordinary skill in the art using routine expérimentation For example the “therapeutically effective amount of a compound oftheformula (I) is about 0.01 to 50 mg/dose, preferably 0.1 to 10 mg/dose.

Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are those suitable for parentéral (for example subcutaneous, intramuscuiar, intradermal or intravenous), oral, rectal, topical and pérorai (for example sublingual) administration, although the most suitable mode of administration dépends in each individual case on the nature and severity of the condition

-54to be treated and on the nature of the compound of formula I used in each case.

Suitable pharmaceutical compositions may be in the form of separate units, for example capsules, tablets and powders in vials or ampoules, each of which contains a defined amount of the compound; as powders or granules; as solution or suspension in an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid; or as an oil-in-water or water-in-oil émulsion. It may be provided in single or multiple dose injectable form, for example in the form of a pen. The compositions may, as already mentioned, be prepared by any suitable pharmaceutical method which includes a step in which the active ingrédient and the carrier (which may consist of one or more additional ingrédients) are brought into contact

In certain embodiments the pharmaceutical composition may be provided together with a device for application, for example together with a syringe, an injection pen or an autoinjector. Such devices may be provided separate from a pharmaceutical composition or prefilled with the pharmaceutical composition.

Combination therapy

The compounds of the présent invention, dual agonïsts for the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, can be widely combined with other pharmacologically active compounds, such as ail drugs mentioned in the Rote Liste 2012 and/or the Rote Liste 2013, e.g. with ail antîdiabetics mentioned in the Rote Liste 2012, chapter 12, and/or the Rote Liste 2013, chapter 12, ail weight-reducing agents or appetite suppressants mentioned in the Rote Liste 2012, chapter 1, and/or the Rote Liste 2013, chapter 1, ail lipid-lowering agents mentioned in the Rote Liste 2012, chapter 58, and/or the Rote Liste 2013, chapter 58, ail antihypertensives and nephroprotectives, mentioned in the Rote Liste 2012 and/or the Rote Liste 2013, or ail diuretics mentioned in the Rote Liste 2012, chapter 36, and/or the Rote Liste 2013, chapter 36.

The active ingrédient combinations can be used especially for a synergistic improvement in action. They can be appiied either by separate administration of the active ingrédients to the patient or in the form of combination products in which a plurality of active ingrédients are présent in one pharmaceutical préparation. When the active ingrédients are administered by separate administration of the active ingrédients, this can be done simultaneously or successively.

-55Most of the active ingrédients mentioned hereinafter are disclosed in the USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names. US Pharmacopeia, Rockville 2011.

Other active substances which are suitable for such combinations include in particular those which for example potentiate the therapeutic effect of one or more active substances with respect to one of the indications mentioned and/or which allow the dosage of one or more active substances to be reduced.

Therapeutic agents which are suitable for combinations include, for example, antidiabetic agents such as:

Insulin and Insulin dérivatives, for example: Glargine / Lantus®, 270 - 330U/mL of insulin glargine (EP 2387989 A ), 300U/mL of insulin glargine (EP 2387989 A), Glulisin / Apidra®, Detemir / Levemir®, Lispro / Humalog® / Liprolog®, Degludec / DegludecPlus, Aspart, basal insulin and analogues (e.g.LY-2605541, LY2963016, NN1436), PEGylated insulin Lispro, Humulin®, Linjeta, SuliXen®, NN1045, Insulin plus Symlin, PE0139, fast-acting and shortacting insulins (e.g. Linjeta, PH20, NN1218, HinsBet), (APC-002)hydrogel, oral, inhalable, transdermal and sublingual insulins (e.g. Exubera®, Nasulin®, Afrezza, Tregopil, TPM 02, Capsulin, Oral-lyn®, Cobalamin® oral insulin, ORMD-0801, NN1953, NN1954, NN1956, VIAtab, Oshadi oral insulin). Additionally included are also those insulin dérivatives which are bonded to albumin or another protein by a bifunctional linker.

GLP-1, GLP-1 analogues and GLP-1 receptor agonists, for example: Lixisenatide / AVE0010 / ZP10 / Lyxumia, Exenatide / Exendin-4 / Byetta / Bydureon / ITCA 650 / AC2993, Liraglutide / Victoza, Semaglutide, Taspoglutide, Syncria / Albiglutide, Dulaglutide, rExendin-4, CJC-1134-PC, PB-1023, TTP-054, Langlenatide / HM-11260C, CM-3, GLP-1 Eligen, ORMD-0901, NN-9924, NN-9926, NN-9927, Nodexen, Viador-GLP-1, CVX-096, ZYOG-1, ZYD-1, GSK-2374697, DA-3091, MAR-701, MAR709, ZP-2929, ZP-3022, TT401, BHM-034. MOD-6030, CAM-2036, DA-15864, ARI-2651, ARI-2255, Exenatide-XTEN and Glucagon-Xten.

DPP-4 inhibitors, for example: Alogliptin / Nesina, Trajenta / Linagliptin / BI-1356 / Ondero/ Trajenta / Tradjenta / Trayenta / Tradzenta, Saxagliptin / Onglyza, Sitagliptin / Januvia / Xelevia / Tesave / Janumet / Velmetia, Galvus / Vildagliptin, Anagliptin,

-56Gemigliptin, Teneligliptin, Melogliptin, Trelagliptin, DA-1229, Omarigliptin / MK-3102, KM223, Evogliptin, ARI-2243, PBL-1427, Pinoxacin.

SGLT2 inhibitors, for example: Invokana / Canaglifozin, Forxiga / Dapagliflozin, Remoglifozin, Sergl'rflozin, Empagliflozin, îpragliflozin, Tofogliflozin, Luseogliflozin, LX4211, Ertuglifozin / PF-04971729, RO-4998452, EGT-0001442, KGA-3235 / DSP-3235, LIK066, SBM-TFC-039,

Biguanides (e.g. Metformin, Buformin, Phenformin), Thiazolidinediones (e.g. Piogiitazone, Rivoglitazone, Rosiglitazone, Troglitazone), dual PPAR agonists (e.g. Aleglitazar, Muraglitazar, Tesaglitazar), Sulfonylureas (e.g. Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide, Glimepiride/Amaryl, Glipizide), Meglitinides (e.g. Nateglinide, Repaglinide, Mitiglinide), Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (e.g. Acarbose, Miglitol, Voglibose), Amylin and Amylin analogues (e.g. Pramlintide, Symlin).

GPR119 agonists (e.g. GSK-263A, PSN-821, MBX-2982, APD-597, ZYG-19, DS-8500), GPR40 agonists (e.g. Fasiglifam / TAK-875, TUG-424, P-1736, JTT-851, GW9508).

Other suitable combination partners are: Cycloset, inhibitors of 11-beta-HSD (e.g. LY2523199, BMS770767, RG-4929, BMS816336, AZD-8329, HSD-016, BI-135585), activators of glucokinase (e.g. TTP-399, AMG-151, TAK-329, GKM-001), inhibitors of DGAT (e.g. LCQ-908), inhibitors of protein tyrosinephosphatase 1 (e.g. Trodusquemine), inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphatase, inhibitors of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase, inhibitors of phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase, inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrokinase, alpha2-antagonists, CCR2 antagonists, SGLT-1 inhibitors (e.g. LX-2761).

One or more lipid lowering agents are also suitable as combination partners, such as for example: HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (e.g. Simvastatin, Atorvastatin), fibrates (e.g. Bezafibrate, Fenofibrate), nicotinic acid and the dérivatives thereof (e.g. Niacin), PPAR(alpha, gamma or alpha/gamma) agonists or modulators (e.g. Aleglitazar), PPAR-de!ta agonists, ACAT inhibitors (e.g. Avasimibe), cholestérol absorption inhibitors (e.g. Ezetimibe), Bile acid-binding substances (e.g. Cholestyramine), ileal bile acid transport inhibitors, MTP inhibitors, or modulators of PCSK9.

H

-57HDL-raising compounds such as: CETP inhibitors (e.g. Torcetrapib, Anacetrapid, Dalcetrapid, Evacetrapid, JTT-302, DRL-17822, TA-8995) or ABC1 regulators.

Other suitable combination partners are one or more active substances for the treatment of obesity, such as for example: Sibutramine, Tesofensine, Orlistat, antagoniste of the cannabinoîd-1 receptor, MCH-1 receptor antagoniste, MC4 receptor agonists, NPY5 or NPY2 antagonists (e.g. Velneperit), beta-3-agonists, leptin or leptin mimetics, agonists of the 5HT2c receptor (e.g. Lorcaserin), or the combinations of bupropione/naltrexone, bupropione/zonisamide, bupropione/phentermine or pramlintide/metreleptin.

Other suitable combination partners are:

Further gastrointestinal peptides such as Peptide YY 3-36 (PYY3-36) or analogues thereof, pancreatic polypeptide (PP) or analogues thereof.

Glucagon receptor agonists or antagonists, GIP receptor agonists or antagonists, ghrelin antagonists or inverse agonists, Xenin and analogues thereof.

Moreover, combinations with drugs for influencing high blood pressure, chronic heart failure or atherosclerosis, such as e.g.: Angiotensin 11 receptor antagonists (e.g. telmisartan, candesartan, valsartan, losartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, olmesartan, tasosartan, azilsartan), ACE inhibitors, ECE inhibitors, diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, centrally acting hypertensives, antagonists of the alpha-2-adrenergic receptor, inhibitors of neutral endopeptidase, thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors and others or combinations thereof are suitable.

In another aspect, this invention relates to the use of a compound according to the invention or a physïoiogically acceptable sait thereof combined with at least one of the active substances described above as a combination partner, for preparing a médicament which is suitable for the treatment or prévention of diseases or conditions which can be affected by binding to the receptors for GLP-1 and glucagon and by modulating their activity. This is preferably a disease in the context of the metabolic syndrome, particularly one of the diseases or conditions listed above, most particularly diabètes or obesity or complications thereof.

-58The use of the compounds according to the invention, or a physiologically acceptable sait thereof, in combination with one or more active substances may take place simultaneously, separately or sequentially.

The use of the compound according to the invention, or a physiologically acceptable sait thereof, in combination with another active substance may take place simultaneously or at staggered times, but particulariy within a short space of time. If they are administered simultaneously, the two active substances are given to the patient together; if they are used at staggered times, the two active substances are given to the patient within a period of less than or equal to 12 hours, but particulariy less than or equal to 6 hours.

Consequently, in another aspect, this invention relates to a médicament which comprises a compound according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable sait of such a compound and at least one of the active substances described above as combination partners, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.

The compound according to the invention, or physiologically acceptable sait or solvaté thereof, and the additional active substance to be combined therewith may both be présent together in one formulation, for example a tablet or capsule, or separately in two identical or different formulations, for example as so-called kit-of-parts.

LEGENDS TO THE FIGURES

Figure 1. Effect of s.c. administration of compound SEQ ID NO: 97 and comparators on gastric emptying and intestinal passage in female NMRI-mice. Data are mean+SEM. indicates statistical significance versus vehicle, “# versus comparators, respectively.

a) Effect of SEQ ID NO: 97 and Liraglutide (ail 0.02 mg/kg, s.c.) on remaining gastric contents (as indicator for gastric emptying)

b) Effect of SEQ ID NO: 97 and Liraglutide al! 0.02 mg/kg, s.c., on small intestinal motility

c) Effect of SEQ ID NO: 97, at 0.02 and 0.002 mg/kg, s.c., on remaining gastric contents (as indicator for gastric emptying)

X/L

-59d) Effect of SEQ ID NO: 97, at 0.02 and 0.002 mg/kg, s.c., on small intestinal motility

Figure 2. Effect of SEQ ID NO: 97, 0.1 and 0.01 mg/kg, s.c., on 22-hours food intake in female NMRI-mice. Data are mean+SEM. *p<0.05.

Figure 3. Acute effect of s.c. administration of compound SEQ ID NO: 97 on blood glucose in female diet-induced obese C57BL/6NCrl mice (9 months on high-fat diet). Data are mean+SEM. *p<0.05.

Figure 4. Acute effect of s.c. administration of compound SEQ ID NO: 97 on blood glucose in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice. Data are mean+SEM. *p<0.05.

Figure 5. Glucose level before and after 4 weeks of subcutaneous treatment with SEQ ID NO: 97 in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice. Data are mean+SEM.

Figure 6. HbA1c level before and after 4 weeks of subcutaneous treatment with SEQ ID NO: 97 in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice. Data are mean+SEM.

Figure 7. Body weight development during 3 weeks of subcutaneous treatment with SEQ ID NO: 24 in male high-fat fed C57BL/6N Cri mice. Data are mean+SEM.

Figure 8. Relative body weight change in % during 3 weeks of subcutaneous treatment with SEQ ID NO: 24 in male high-fat fed C57BL/6N Cri mice. Data are mean+SEM.

Figure 9. Détermination of total fat mass measured by nuclear magnetic résonance (NMR) using a Bruker minispec, before and after 3 weeks of treatment with SEQ ID NO: 24 in male high-fat fed C57BL/6N Cri mice. Data are mean+SEM.

Figure 10. Acute effect of s.c. administration of compound SEQ ID NO: 24 on blood glucose in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice. Data are mean+SEM.

Figure 11. Glucose level before and after 4 weeks of subcutaneous treatment with SEQ ID NO: 24 in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice. Data are mean+SEM.

Ut

-60Figure 12. HbA1c Ievel before and after 4 weeks of subcutaneous treatment with SEQ ID NO: 24 in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice. Data are mean+SEM.

-61 METHODS

Abbreviations employed are as follows:

ivDde: 1 -(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)3-methyl-butyl

Dde: 1 -(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)-ethyl

TFA: trifluoroacetic acid

BOP benzotriazol-1 -yl-oxy-tris-(dimethylamino)-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate

HBTU 2-(1 H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-uronium hexafluorophosphate

HATU 0-(7-azabenzotriazol-1 -yl)-M,W,N',N^,-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate

DIC N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide

HOBt 1-hydroxybenzotriazol

DMF dimethyl formamide

EDT ethanedithiol

HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Boc tert-butyloxycarbonyl

Fmoc fluorenyloxycarbonyl

PEG Polyethylene Glycol

HTRF Homogenous Time Resolved Fluorescence

BSA bovine sérum albumin

FBS fêtai bovine sérum

DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium

PBS phosphate buffered saline

HEPES 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid

IBMX 3-lsobutyl-1-methylxanthine

General synthesis of peptidic compounds

Materials:

Different Rink-Amide resins (4-(2^,,4'-Dimethoxyphenyl-Fmoc-aminomethyl)phenoxyacetamido-norleucylaminomethyl resin, Merck Biosciences; 4-((2,4Dimethoxyphenyl)(Fmoc-amino)methyI]phenoxy acetamido methyl resin, Agilent Technologies) were used for the synthesis of peptide amides with loadings in the range of 0.3-0.4 mmol/g. Suppliers were Merck Biosciences and Agilent Technologies. From the

-62same suppliera 2-chloro-trityl-chloride polystyrène resins with loadings up to 1.4 mmol/g were purchased and used for the synthesis of peptide acids.

Fmoc protected natural amino acids were purchased from Protein Technologies Inc., Senn Chemicals, Merck Biosciences, Novabiochem, Iris Biotech or Bachem. The following standard amino acids were used throughout the synthèses: Fmoc-L-Ala-OH, Fmoc-LAsn(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-L-Asp(OtBu)-OH, Fmoc-L-Cys(Trt)OH, Fmoc-L-Gln(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-LGlu(OtBu)-OH, Fmoc-Gly-OH, Fmoc-L-His(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-L-lle-OH, Fmoc-L-Leu-OH, Fmoc-L-Lys(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-L-Met-OH, Fmoc-L-Phe-OH, Fmoc-L-Pro-OH, Fmoc-LSer(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-L-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-L-Trp(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-L-Tyr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-LVal-OH.

In addition, the following spécial amino acids were purchased from the same suppliera as above: Fmoc-L-Lys(ivDde)-OH, Fmoc-Aib-OH, Fmoc-D-Ser(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Ala-OH, Boc-L-His(Boc)-OH (available as toluene solvaté) and Boc-L-His(Trt)-OH.

The solid phase peptide synthèses were performed on a Préludé Peptide Synthesizer (Protein Technologies Inc) using standard Fmoc chemistry and HBTU/DIPEA activation. DMF was used as the solvent. Deprotection: 20% piperidine/DMF for 2 x 2.5 min. Washes: 7 x DMF. Coupling 2:5:10 200 mM AA / 500 mM HBTU / 2M DIPEA in DMF 2 x for 20 min. Washes: 5 x DMF.

In cases where a Lys-side chain was modified, Fmoc-L-Lys(ivDde)-OH was used in the corresponding position. After completion of the synthesis, the ivDde group was removed according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. The following acylations were carried out by treating the resin with the N-hydroxy succinimide estera of the desired acid or using coupling reagents like HBTU/DIPEA or HOBt/DIC.

All the peptides that had been synthesized were cleaved from the resin with King’s cleavage cocktail consisting of 82.5% TFA, 5% phénol, 5% water, 5% thioanisole, 2.5% EDT. The crude peptides were then precipitated in diethyl or diisopropyl ether, centrifuged, and lyophilized. Peptides were anaiysed by analytical HPLC and checked by ESI mass spectrometry. Crude peptides were purified by a conventional préparative HPLC purification procedure.

-63Analytical HPLC was performed on an Agilent 1100 Sériés HPLC system with a Waters XBridge BEH130 3.5 pm C18 column (2.1 x 150 mm) at 40 °C with a gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and monitored at 215 and 280 nm. The gradients were set up as 10% B to 90% B over 15 min and then 90% B for 1 min or as 15% B to 50% B over 12.5 min and then 50% B to 90% B over 3 min. Buffer A - 0.1 % formic acid in water and B = 0.1 % formic acid in acetonitrile.

General Préparative HPLC Purification Procedure:

The crude peptides were purified either on an Àkta Purifier System or on a Jasco semiprep HPLC System. Préparative RP-C18-HPLC columns of different sizes and with different flow rates were used depending on the amount of crude peptide to be purified. Acetonitrile + 0.1% TFA (B) and water + 0.1% TFA (A) were empioyed as eluents. Product-containing fractions were collected and lyophilized to obtain the purified product.

Solubility and Stabilrtv-Testinq of exendin-4 dérivatives

Prior to the testing of solubility and stability of a peptide batch, its content was determined. Therefore, two parameters were investigated, its purity (HPLC-UV) and the amount of sait load of the batch (ion chromatography). Since synthesized peptides contain primarily trifluoroacetate anions, only anion chromatography was performed.

For solubility testing, the target concentration was 1.0 mg/mL pure compound. Therefore, solutions from solid samples were prepared in different buffer Systems with a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL compound based on the previously determined content. HPLC-UV was performed after 2 h of gentle agitation from the supematant, which was obtained by 20 min of centrifugation at 4000 rpm.

The solubility was then determined by comparison with the UV peak areas obtained with a stock solution of the peptide at a concentration of 2 mg/mL in pure water or a variable amount of acetonitrile (optical control that ail of the compound was dissolved). This analysis also served as starting point (tO) for the stability testing.

U

-64For stability testing, an aliquot of the supematant obtained for solubility was stored for 7 days at 25°C. After that time course, the sample was centrifuged for 20 min at 4000 rpm and the supematant was analysed with HPLC-UV.

For détermination of the amount of the remaining peptide, the peak areas of the target compound at tO and t7 were compared, resulting in “% remaining peptide, following the équation % remaining peptide = [(peak area peptide t7) x 100]/peak area peptide tO.

The amount of soluble dégradation products was calculated from the comparison of the sum of the peak areas from ail observed impurities reduced by the sum of peak areas observed at tO (i.e. to détermine the amount of newly formed peptide-related species). This value was given in percentual relation to the initial amount of peptide at tO, following the équation:

% soluble dégradation products = {[(peak area sum of impurities t7) - (peak area sum of impurities t0)] x 100}/peak area peptide tO

The potential différence from the sum of “% remaining peptide and % soluble dégradation products to 100% reflects the amount of peptide which did not remain soluble upon stress conditions following the équation % precipitate = 100-([% remaining peptide] + [ % soluble dégradation products])

This precipitate includes non-soluble dégradation products, polymers and/or fibrils, which hâve been removed from analysis by centrifugation.

Anion Chromatography

Instrument: Dionex ICS-2000, pre/column: Ion Pac AG-18 2 x 50 mm (Dionex)/AS18 2 x 250 mm (Dionex), eluent: aqueous sodium hydroxide, flow: 0.38 mL/min, gradient: 06 min: 22 mM KOH, 6-12 min: 22-28 mM KOH, 12-15 min: 28-50 mM KOH, 15-20min: 22mM, suppressor ASRS 300 2 mm, détection: conductivity.

-65HPLC-UV

Instrument: Agilent 1100, column: X-Bridge C18 3.5 pm 2,1 x 150 mm (Waters), eluent: A: H20 + 500 ppm TFA/ B: Methanol, flow. 0.55 mL/min, gradient: 0-5 min: 10 - 60% B; 5 15 min: 60 - 99% B; détection: 214 nm.

In vitro cellular assavs for GLP-1 receptor and qlucaqon receptor efficacv

Agonism of compounds for the two receptors was determined by functional assays measuring cAMP response of HEK-293 cell lines stably expressing human GLP-1 or glucagon receptor.

cAMP content of cells was determined using a kit from Cisbio Corp. (cat no. 62AM4PEC) based on HTRF (Homogeneous Time Resolved Fluorescence). For préparation, cells were split into T175 culture flasks and grown ovemight to near confluency in medium (DMEM / 10% FBS). Medium was then removed and cells washed with PBS lacking calcium and magnésium, followed by protéinase treatment with accutase (Sigma-Aldrich cat. no. A6964). Detached cells were washed and resuspended in assay buffer (1 x HBSS; 20 mM HEPES, 0.1% BSA, 2 mM IBMX) and cellular density determined. They were then diluted to 400000 cells/ml and 25 pl-aliquots dispensed into the wells of 96-well plates. For measurement, 25 pl of test compound in assay buffer was added to the wells, followed by incubation for 30 minutes at room température. After addition of HTRF reagents diluted in lysis buffer (kit components), the plates were incubated for 1 hr, followed by measurement of the fluorescence ratio at 665 / 620 nm. In vitro potency of agonists was quantified by determining the concentrations that caused 50% activation of maximal response (EC50).

Bioanalytical screening method for quantification of peptide GLP1-GCG receptor agonists in mi ce

Mice were dosed 1 mg/kg subcutaneously (s.c.). The mice were sacrificed and blood samples were collected after 0.25, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 hours post application. Plasma samples were analysed after protein précipitation via liquid chromatography mass

-66spectrometry (LC/MS). PK parameters and half-life were calculated using WinonLin Version 5.2.1 (non-compartment model).

Gastric emptvina and intestinal passage in mice

Female NMRI-mice of a body weight between 20 and 30 g were used. Mice were adapted to housing conditions for at least one week.

Mice were ovemight fasted, while water remained available ail the time. On the study day, mice were weighed, single-caged and allowed access to 500 mg of feed for 30 min, while water was removed. At the end of the 30 min feeding period, remaining feed was removed and weighed. 60 min later, a coloured, non-caloric bolus was ïnstilled via gavage into the stomach. The test compound / reference compound or its vehicle in the control group was administered subcutaneously, to reach Cmax when coloured bolus was administered. After another 30 min, the animais were sacrificed and the stomach and the small intestine prepared. The filled stomach was weighed, emptied, carefully cleaned and dried and reweighed. The calculated stomach content indicated the degree of gastric emptying. The small intestine was straightened without force and measured in length. Then the distance from the gastric beginning of the gut to the tip of the farthest travelled intestinal content bolus was measured. The intestinal passage was given as relation in percent of the latter distance and the total length of the small intestine.

Statistical analyses were performed with Everstat 6.0 by 1-way-ANOVA, followed by Dunnetts or Newman-Keuls as post-hoc test, respectively. Différences were considered statistically significant at the p < 0.05 Ievel. As post hoc test Dunnet's Test was applied to compare versus vehicle control, only. Newman-Keul's Test was applied for ail pairwise comparisons (i.e. versus vehicle and reference groups).

Automated assessment of feed intake in mice

Female NMRI-mice of a body weight between 20 and 30 g were used. Mice were adapted to housing conditions for at least one week and for at least one day single-caged in the assessment equipment, when basal data were recorded simultaneously. On the study day, test product was administered subcutaneously close to the lights-off phase (12 h lights off) and assessment of feed consumption was directly started afterwards.

-67Assessment included continued monitoring (every 30 min) over 22 hours. Répétition of this procedure over several days was possible. Restriction of assessment to 22 hours was for practical reasons to allow for reweighing of animais, refilling of feed and water and drug administration between procedures. Results could be assessed as cumulated data over 22 hours or differentiated to 30 min intervals.

Statistical analyses were performed with Everstat 6.0 by two-way ANOVA on repeated measures and Dunnetts post-hoc analyses. Différences were considered statistically significant at the p < 0.05 Ievel.

Acute and subchronîc effects of exendin-4 dérivatives after subcutaneous treatment on blood glucose and body weight in female diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6NCrl mice (10 months on high-fat diet)

Female C57BL/6NCrl mice were housed in groups in a spécifie pathogen-free barrier facility on a 12-h light/dark cycle with free access to water and high-fat diet. After 10 months on high-fat diet, mice were stratified to treatment groups (n = 8), so that each group had similar mean body weight.

An aged-matched group with ad-libitum access to standard chow was included as standard control group.

Before the experiment, mice were subcutaneously (s.c.) injected with vehicle solution and weighed for 3 days to acclimate them to the procedures.

1) Acute effect on blood glucose in fed DIO mice: initial blood samples were taken just before first administration (s.c.) of vehicle (phosphate buffer solution) or the exendin-4 dérivatives at doses of 3,10, and 100 pg/kg (dissolved in phosphate puffer), respectively. The volume of administration was 5 mL/kg. The animais had access to water and their corresponding diet during the experiment, food consumption was determined at ail time points of blood sampling. Blood glucose levels were measured at t = 0.5 h, t = 1 h, t = 2 h, t = 4h, t = 6h, t = 8h, and t = 24 h (method: d-g!ucose hexokinase, hemolysate, AU640 Beckman Coulter). Blood sampling was performed by tail incision without anaesthesia.

Comparable data can also be obtained when using male mice.

-68«

2) Subchronic effect on body weight: ail animais were treated once daily s.c. in the moming, at the beginning of the light phase (12 h lights on) with either vehicle or exendin4 dérivatives at the abovementioned doses for 4 weeks. Body weight was recorded daily. On days 6 and 28, total fat mass was measured by nuclear magnetic résonance (NMR) using a Broker minispec (Ettlingen, Germany).

Comparable data can be obtained for both female and male mice.

Statistical analyses were performed with Everstat 6.0 by repeated measures two-way ANOVA and Dunnetts post-hoc analyses (glucose profile) and 1-way-ANOVA, followed by Dunnetts post-hoc test (body weight, body fat). Différences versus vehicle-treated DIO control mice were considered statistically significant at the p < 0.05 level.

Acute and subchronic effects of exendtn-4 dérivatives after subeutaneous treatment on biood glucose and HbA1c in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice

Female BKS.Cg-m +/+ Leprdb/J (db/db) and BKS.Cg-m +/+ Leprdb/+ (lean control) mice were obtained from Charles River Laboratories, Germany, at an âge of 9 -10 weeks. The animais were housed in groups in a spécifie pathogen-free barder facility on a 12-h light/dark cycle with free access to water and rodent-standard chow. After 1 week of acclimatization, biood samples were drawn from the tail without anaesthesia and biood glucose (method: d-glucose hexokinase, hemolysate, AU640 Beckman Coulter) and HbA1c level (method: hemolysate, Cobas6000 c501, Roche Diagnostics, Germany) were determined.

HbA1c is a glycosylated form of haemoglobin whose level reflects the average level of glucose to which the érythrocyte has been exposed during its lifetime. ln mice, HbA1c is a relevant biomarker for the average biood glucose level during the preceding 4 weeks (érythrocyte life span in mouse - 47 days).

Db/db mice were stratified to treatment groups (n = 8), so that each group had similar baseline biood glucose and HbA1c levels.

1) Acute effect on biood glucose in fed db/db mice: initial biood samples were taken just before first administration (s.c.) of vehicle (phosphate buffer solution) or exendin-4

-69derivatives at doses of 3,10, and 100 pg/kg (dissolved in phosphate puffer), respectively. The volume of administration was 5 mL/kg. The animais had access to water and chow during the experiment, food consumption was determined at ail time points of blood sampling. Blood glucose levels were measured at t = 0.5 h, t = 1 h, t = 2 h, t = 4 h, t = 6 h, t = 8 h, and t = 24 h. Blood sampling was performed by tail incision without anaesthesia.

Comparable data can also be obtained when using male mice.

2) Subchronic effect on blood glucose and HbA1c: ail animais were treated once daily s.c. with either vehicle or exendin-4 dérivatives at the abovementioned doses for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, blood samples (tail, no anaesthesia) were analyzed for glucose and HbA1c.

Comparable data can be obtained for both female and male mice.

Statistical analyses were performed with Everstat 6.0 by repeated measures two-way ANOVA and Dunnetts post-hoc analyses. Différences versus vehicle-treated db/db control mice were considered statistically significant at the p < 0.05 level.

EXAMPLES

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1 :

Synthesis of SEQ ID NO: 4

The solid phase synthesis was carried out on Novabiochem Rink-Amide resin (4-(2',4’Dîmethoxyphenyl-Fmoc-aminomethyl)-phenoxyacetamido-norleucylaminomethyl resin), 100-200 mesh, loading of 0.34 mmol/g. The Fmoc-synthesis strategy was applied with HBTU/DlPEA-activation. In position 14 Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH and in position 1 BocHis(Boc)-OH were used in the solid phase synthesis protocol. The ivDde-group was cleaved from the peptide on resin according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. Hereafter Palm-Glu(yOSu)-OtBu was coupled to the liberated amino-group. The peptide

-70was cleaved from the resin with King's cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36, 1990, 255-266). The crude product was purified via préparative HPLC on a Waters column (Sunfire, Prep C18) using an acetonitrile/water gradient (both buffers with 0.1% TFA).

Finally, the molecular mass of the purified peptide was confirmed by LC-MS.

Example 2:

Synthesis of SEQ ID NO: 5

The solid phase synthesis was carried out on Novabiochem Rink-Amide resin (4-(2’,4’Dimethoxyphenyl-Fmoc-aminomethyl)-phenoxyacetamido-norieucylaminomethyl resin), 100-200 mesh, loading of 0.34 mmol/g. The Fmoc-synthesis strategy was applied with HBTU/DIPEA-activation. In position 14 Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH and in position 1 BocHis(Boc)-OH were used in the solid phase synthesis protocol. The ivDde-group was cleaved from the peptide on resin according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. Hereafter Palm(yOSu) was coupled to the liberated amino-group. The peptide was cleaved from the resin with King’s cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36, 1990, 255-266). The crude product was purified via préparative HPLC on a Waters column (Sunfire, Prep C18) using an acetonitrile/water gradient (both buffers with 0.1% TFA).

Finally, the molecular mass ofthe purified peptide was confirmed by LC-MS.

Example 3:

Synthesis of SEQ ID NO: 6

The solid phase synthesis was carried out on Novabiochem Rink-Amide resin (4-(2’,4’Dimethoxyphenyl-Fmoc-aminomethyl)-phenoxyacetamido-norleucylaminomethyl resin), 100-200 mesh, loading of 0.34 mmol/g. The Fmoc-synthesis strategy was applied with HBTU/DIPEA-activation. !n position 14 and in position 40 Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH and in position 1 Boc-His(Boc)-OH were used in the solid phase synthesis protocol. The ivDde17287

-71group was cleaved from the peptide on resin according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. Hereafter Palm-Glu(yOSu)-OtBu was coupled to the liberated amino-group. The peptide was cleaved from the resin with King’s cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36,1990, 255-266). The crude product was purified via préparative HPLC on a Waters column (Sunfire, Prep C18) using an acetonitrile/water gradient (both buffers with 0.1% TFA).

Finally, the molecular mass of the purified peptide was confirmed by LC-MS.

Example 4:

Synthesis of SEQ ID NO: 7

The solid phase synthesis was carried out on Novabiochem Rink-Amide resin (4-(2’,4’Dimethoxyphenyl-Fmoc-aminomethyl)-phenoxyacetamido-norieucylaminomethyl resin), 100-200 mesh, loading of 0.34 mmol/g. The Fmoc-synthesis strategy was applied with HBTU/DIPEA-activation. In position 14 Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH and in position 1 BocHis(Boc)-OH were used in the solid phase synthesis protocol. The ivDde-group was cleaved from the peptide on resin according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. Hereafter Fmoc-GABA was coupled to the liberated amino-group employing the coupling reagents HBTU/DIPEA followed by Fmoc-deprotection with 20% piperidine in DMF. Finally palmitic acid was coupled to the amino-group of GABA using HBTU/DIPEA. The peptide was cleaved from the resin with King’s cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36, 1990, 255-266). The crude product was purified via préparative HPLC on a Waters column (Sunfire, Prep C18) using an acetonitrile/water gradient (both buffers with 0.1% TFA).

Finally, the molecular mass of the purified peptide was confirmed by LC-MS.

Example 5:

Synthesis of SEQ ID NO: 8

The solid phase synthesis was carried out on Agilent Technologies Rink-Amide resin (417287

-72[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)(Fmoc-amino)methyl]phenoxyacetomido methyl resin) , 75-150 gm, loading of 0.38 mmol/g. The Fmoc-synthesis strategy was applied with HBTU/DIPEAactivation. In position 14 Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH and in position 1 Boc-His(Boc)-OH were used in the solid phase synthesis protocol. The ivDde-group was cleaved from the peptide on resin according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. Hereafter Fmoc-Glu-OtBu was coupled to the liberated amino-group using HBTU/DIPEA for activation followed by the removal of the Fmoc-group with 20% piperidine in DMF. Stearic acid was coupled onto the resultîng amino group after activation with HBTU/DIPEA. The peptide was cleaved from the resin with King’s cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36,1990, 255-266). The crude product was purified via préparative HPLC on a Waters column (Sunfire, Prep C18) using an acetonitrile/water gradient (both buffers with 0.1% TFA).

Finaliy, the molecular mass of the purified peptide was confirmed by LC-MS.

Example 6:

Synthesis of SEQ ID NO: 9

The solid phase synthesis was carried out on Agitent Technologies Rink-Amide resin (4[(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)(Fmoc-amino)methyl]phenoxyacetomido methyl resin) , 75-150 gm, loading of 0.38 mmol/g. The Fmoc-synthesis strategy was applied with HBTU/DIPEAactivation. In position 14 Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH and in position 1 Boc-His(Boc)-OH were used in the solid phase synthesis protocol. The ivDde-group was cleaved from the peptide on resin according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. Hereafter Fmoc-Glu-OtBu was coupled to the liberated amino-group using HBTU/DIPEA for activation followed by the removal of the Fmoc-group with 20% piperidine in DMF. 4-Dodecyloxy benzoic acid was coupled onto the resulting amino group after activation with HBTU/DIPEA. The peptide was cleaved from the resin with King’s cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36,1990, 255-266). The crude product was purified via préparative HPLC on a Waters column (Sunfire, Prep C18) using an acetonitrile/water gradient (both buffers with 0.1% TFA).

U

-73Finaîly, the molecular mass of the purified peptide was confirmed by LC-MS.

Example 7:

Synthesis of SEQ ID NO: 10

The solid phase synthesis was carried out on Agitent Technologies CI-Trt-CI resin (2,aDichlorobenzhydryl-polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene) , 75-150 pm, loading of 1.4 mmol/g. Fmoc-Ser-OAIIyl was synthesized according to literature (S. Ficht, R.J.Payne, R.T. Guy, C.-H. Wong, Chem. Eur. J. 14, 2008, 3620-3629) and coupled via the side chain hydroxyl function onto CI-Trt-CI-resin using DIPEA in dichloromethane. The Fmocsynthesis strategy was applied with HBTU/DIPEA-activation. In position 14 FmocLys(ivDde)-OH and in position 1 Boc-His(Boc)-OH were used in the solid phase synthesis protocol. The ivDde-group was cleaved from the peptide on resin according to a modified literature procedure (S.R. Chhabra et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 39, (1998), 1603), using 4% hydrazine hydrate in DMF. Hereafter Fmoc-Glu-OtBu was coupled to the liberated aminogroup using HBTU/DIPEA for activation followed by the removal of the Fmoc-group with 20% piperidine in DMF. Palmitic acid was coupled onto the resulting amino group after activation with HBTU/DIPEA. The allyl-ester group was removed employing the procedure described in literature (S. Ficht, R.J.Payne, R.T. Guy, C.-H. Wong, Chem. Eur. J. 14, 2008, 3620-3629) followed by activation of the C-terminus with HOBt/DIC in DMF and addition of n-propy!amin. The peptide was cleaved from the resin with King's cocktail (D. S. King, C. G. Fields, G. B. Fields, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 36,1990,255-266). The crude product was purified via préparative HPLC on a Waters column (Sunfire, Prep C18) using an acetonitrile/water gradient (both buffers with 0.1% TFA).

Finally, the molecular mass of the purified peptide was confirmed by LC-MS.

In an analogous way, the other peptides listed in Table 2 were synthesized.

Table 2: List of synthesized peptides and comparison of calculated vs. found molecular weight

SEQ ID NO	cale, mass	found mass
4	4553,1	4552,4
5	4422,0	4421,4
6	5046,9	5046,8
7	4396,0	4395,1
8	4610,2	4609,8
9	4518,1	4518,2
10	4624,2	4624,6
11	4425,0	4424,4
12	4352,0	4351,2
13	4395,0	4394,1
14	4396,9	4396,0
15	4395,0	4394,4
16	4483,0	4482,0
17	4483,0	4483,2
18	4439,9	4439,1
19	4481,1	4480,5
20	4440,9	4440,0
21	4439,0	4438,2
22	4468,0	4467,9
23	4537,2	4536,5
24	4440,0	4439,5
25	4438,0	4437,4
26	4468,1	4467,2
27	4466,1	4465,3
28	4454,0	4454,0
29	4438,1	4437,3
30	4426,0	4425,9
31	4424,0	4423,9
32	4310,9	4310,3
33	4308,9	4308,3
34	4468,0	4467,9
35	4439,9	4439,4
36	4438,0	4437,3
37	4454,0	4453,9
38	4452,0	4451,9
39	4425,9	4425,9
40	4468,0	4467,4
41	4466,0	4465,4
42	4310,8	4310,3
43	4308,9	4308,3
44	4468,0	4467,4
45	4494,1	4493,4
46	4423,0	4422,3

47	4482,0	4482,0
48	4466,1	4465,4
49	4597,1	4596,4
50	4424,0	4423,5
51	4496,1	4495,2
52	4625,2	4626,0
53	4452,1	4452,0
54	4509,1	4509,0
55	4494,0	4493,7
56	4450,0	4449,6
57	4742,4	4741,6
58	4698,4	4698,0
59	4538,2	4538,3
60	4552,2	4552,1
61	4508,1	4507,7
62	4490,0	4490,2
63	4474,0	4474,3
64	4474,0	4474,3
65	4496,1	4495,5
66	4338,9	4338,4
67	4496,1	4495,7
68	4551,2	4550,5
69	4422,1	4421,5
70	4466,1	4465,5
71	4539,1	4538,8
72	4525,0	4524,8
73	4562,1	4561,5
74	4539,1	4538,4
75	4510,1	4509,4
76	4381,0	4380,3
77	4551,1	4550,5
78	4553,1	4552,7
79	4567,1	4566,7
80	4583,1	4582,4
81	4454,0	4453,5
82	4696,3	4695,8
83	4567,1	4566,7
84	4596,2	4595,4
85	4610,2	4609,7
86	4513,0	4512,8
87	4624,2	4623,4
88	4623,2	4622,5
89	4856,5	4856,3
90	4554,1	4553,7
91	4646,1	4645,8

92	4626,2	4625,5
93	4596,1	4595,4
94	4596,1	4595,3
95	4610,2	4609,5
96	4640,2	4639,8
97	4582,1	4581,7
98	4651,3	4651,1
99	4672,3	4672,1
100	4638,3	4638,0
101	4638,3	4638,2
102	4652,2	4652,2
103	4664,2	4663,7
104	4830,4	4830,3
105	5711,5	5711,2
106	4806,6	4806,5
107	4766,5	4766,0
108	4792,6	4792,6
109	4834,6	4834,5
110	4778,5	4778,9
111	4724,3	4723,9
112	4595,2	4594,7
113	4637,2	4636,7
114	4508,1	4507,7
115	4580,1	4579,4
116	4596,1	4595,4
117	4594,2	4593,4
118	4539,1	4538,6
119	4424,0	4423,4
120	4553,1	4552,5
121	4466,1	4466,0
122	4337,0	4336,5
123	4511,0	4511,0
124	4525,1	4525,0
125	4624,2	4623,7
126	4652,2	4651,7
127	4638,2	4637,7
128	4555,1	4554,3
129	4569,1	4568,6
131	4381,0	4380,9
133	4506,2	4505,4
134	4470,0	4470,0
135	4484,0	4484,0
136	4468,1	4468,0
137	4463,0	4462,4
138	4475,2	4475,8

139	4495,2	4495,6
140	4555,1	4554,0
142	4482,1	4481,4
143	4468,0	4467,0
144	4440,0	4439,1
145	4442,0	4440,0
146	4468,0	4466,1
147	4441,0	4438,8
148	4464,1	4462,2
149	4506,2	4505,4
150	4453,1	4453,6
151	4468,0	4467,9
152	4593,2	4592,1
153	4506,2	4505,1
155	4423,9	4423.9
156	4452,0	4451,9
157	4454,0	4453,9
158	4464,1	4462,8
159	4506,2	4504,8
161	4581,2	4580,7
162	4565,2	4564,2
163	4567,1	4566,4
164	4468,1	4468,0
166	4541,1	4540,8
173	4442,0	4441,9
174	4609,2	4608,3
175	4595,2	4594,8
183	4214,6	4214,1
184	4188,6	4190,7
185	4259,7	4259,0
186	4231,7	4231,0
187	4188,6	4188,4
188	4174,6	4172,0
189	4075,5	4074,8
190	4145,6	4145,1
191	4057,4	4056,2
192	4043,4	4043,4
193	4043,4	4043,2
196	4496,1	4494,4
197	4577,3	4575,6
198	4563,2	4561,2
199	4593,2	4591,2
200	4591,3	4589,7
201	4548,3	4546,2
202	4536,2	4534,0

(,ιζ

203	4534,2	4532,4
204	4548,3	4546,2
205	4591,3	4590,4
206	4565,3	4567,0
207	4710,3	4710,6
208	4562,1	4559,6
209	4620,3	4618,8
210	4618,4	4616,1
211	4533,3	4532,4
212	4575,3	4573,5
213	4493,1	4493,4
214	4521,1	4523,4
215	4535,2	4536,9
217	4544,2	4545,0
219	4546,2	4545,3
221	4495,1	4494,4
222	4523,1	4522,4
226	4622,2	4621,6
227	4631,2	4629,6

In an analogous way, the following peptides of Table 3 can be synthesized:

Table 3: List of peptides that can be synthesized in an analogous way.

SEQ ID NO
130
132
141
154
160
165
167
168
169
170
171
172
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
218

-79223

228

229

Example 8: Chemical stability and solubilrtv

Solubility and chemical stability of peptidic compounds were assessed as described in

Methods. The results are given in Table 4.

Table 4: Chemical stability and solubility

SEQ ID NO	Stability	Solubility [mg/ml]
	pH4.5	pH7.4	ΡΗ4.5	pH7.4
35	100	100	>1000	>1000
36	99.7	100	>1000	>1000
44	99.1	99.4	>1000	>1000
24	100	100	>1000	>1000
25	99.6	99.6	>1000	>1000
66	100	98.1	>1000	>1000
82	98.4	99.9	>1000	>1000
126	99.5	91.4	>1000	>1000
85	95.9	85.8	>1000	>968.6
97	99.5	96.5	>2000	>2000
70	98.2	97.5	>1000	>1000
4	99.5	98.8	>815	>910
117	98.3	87.2	>1000	>1000
121	100	90.5	>1000	>980
195			0	>985

Example 9: In vitro data on GLP-1 and Qlucaqon receptor

Potencies of peptidic compounds at the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors were determined by exposing cells expressing human glucagon receptor (hGlucagon R) or human GLP-1 receptor (hGLP-1 R) to the listed compounds at increasing concentrations and measuring the formed cAMP as described in Methods.

The results are shown in Table 5:

Table 5. EC50 values of exendin-4 dérivatives at GLP-1 and Glucagon receptors (indicated in pM) | SEQ ID NO | EC50 hGLP-1 R | EC50 hGlucagon^R j

2	0.7	>10000000
3	56.6	1.0
4	5	4
5	11	109
6	141	18.9
7	3.5	20.7
8	6.3	2.3
9	2.2	4.1
10	9.2	1.7
11	3.6	25.7
12	4.6	263
13	3.1	281
14	4.6	94.7
15	6.6	176
16	2.8	117
17	1.7	93.1
18	2.6	152
19	1.9	104
20	3.8	104
21	3.8	144
22	1.1	2.4
23	5.6	126
24	1.9	9.4
25	4.2	40.6
26	5.1	5.4
27	7.7	25.1
28	5.5	12.6
29	5.9	87.9
30	3.2	7
31	1.7	9.3
32	10.2	188
33	11.2	473
34	1.5	6.7
35	1.5	14.2
36	2.7	45.9
37	1.5	12.9
38	2.9	53.1
39	2.7	7.6
40	2.6	4.8
41	3.3	20.7
42	10.2	199
43	4.1	443
44	2.7	12
45	7.5	19.9
46	3.2	25.1
47	2.2	10.3
48	5.9	53.6
49	1.1	2.9
50	3.3	11.1
51	2.7	3
52	1.9	2

53	5.4	6.5
54	4.8	4
55	5.4	15.8
56	4.5	29.3
57	45	8
58	45.6	15.1
59	7.9	6.8
60	38.4	19.3
61	5.3	16
62	3.9	10.6
63	4.9	8.4
64	3.1	6.9
65	5	5.6
66	8.4	113
67	15.7	3
68	7.9	5.7
69	44.8	52.4
70	6.5	40.9
71	20.5	5.6
72	25.9	386
73	4.1	1.7
74	4.2	1.3
75	11.1	12.5
76	44.9	162
77	4.3	11.9
78	17.8	1.6
79	23.3	7.5
80	5.8	1
81	48	7.1
82	11.7	4.7
83	53.9	41.3
84	8.1	4.3
85	8.1	10.4
86	4.9	3.5
87	3	1.3
88	2.4	1.6
89	35.6	13.7
90	8.8	3.7
91	15.1	8.9
92	26	1
93	10.7	2.6
94	5.2	2.1
95	20.6	9.2
96	74.3	3.4
97	3.5	1
98	9.6	1.4
99	15.9	2.6
100	13.5	2
101	9.8	1.7
102	7.2	1.1
103	10.1	1.7

104	6.5	1.1
105	7.9	1
106	210	10.5
107	188	37.8
108	197	9
109	430	28.6
110	213	7.2
111	8.1	2.5
112	33.6	21.1
113	11.4	5.4
114	62.3	31.1
115	2.4	1.9
116	6	3.6
117	3.8	16.5
118	15.3	4.3
119	30.8	41.2
121	6.1	23.7
122	24.9	156
123	2.6	9.7
124	3	8.4
125	31.4	6.9
126	6.6	6.8
127	14.7	9.4
128	6.2	1.6
129	14.8	4.1
131	9.1	24.9
138	5.5	9.2
140	1.3	1.5
142	4.1	2.1
150	6	35.5
152	3.2	2.3
155	2.5	25.1
156	2.9	12.5
161	5	2.4
162	3.1	2.4
173	5.7	5.9
174	2.6	1.9
175	2.5	3.1
196	7.8	1.8
197	6.8	5.8
198	8.2	2.4
199	10.1	7.2
200	4.6	4.4
201	22.7	29.6
202	26.2	6.9
203	34.9	13.1
204	34.1	12.5
205	12.3	5.2
206	3.2	12.5
207	1.1	1.2
208	2.0	1.3

209	5.4	1.9
210	6.7	3.0
211	15.5	26.4
212	14.1	6.6
213	2.7	59.1
214	4.2	16.0
215	5.3	42.6
216	4.7	19.5
217	4.3	2.1
219	2.1	3.7
220	2.0	2.3
221	1.5	9.2
222	1.8	2.9
226	1.4	19.1
227	1.4	1.1

Exampie 10: Pharmacokinetic testing

Pharmacokinetic profiles were determined as described in Methods. Calculated T1/2 and Ctnax values are shown in Table 6.

Table 6. Pharmacokinetic profiles of exendin-4 dérivatives.

SEQ ID NO	Ti/2[h]	Cmax [ng/ml]
35	3.6	4910
36	3.8	5260
44	3.4	2450
24	3.7	6560
8	3.3	2680
126	1.5	3160
97	3.2	2000
4	2.8	3590
117	2.7	5000
5	1.7	3180

Example 11: Effect of SEQ ID NO: 97 on qastric emptvinq and intestinal passage in female NMRI-mice

Female NMRI-mice, weighing on average 25 - 30 g, received 0.02 mg/kg of SEQ ID NO: 97, Liraglutide (SEQ ID NO: 195) as reference compound, or phosphate buffered 15 saline (vehicle control) subcutaneously, 30 min prior to the administration of the coloured bolus. 30 min later, the assessment of stomach contents and intestinal passage was done (Fig. 1a, b).

-84ln another study, female NMRI-mice, weighing on average 25 - 30 g, were adminîstered subcutaneously 0,02 and 0.002 mg/kg of SEQ ID NO: 97 or phosphate buffered saline (vehicle control), 30 min prior to the administration of the coloured bolus. 30 min later, the assessment of stomach contents and intestinal passage was done (Fig. 1c, d).

ln the study with reference compound Liraglutide, SEQ ID NO: 97 reduced intestinal passage by 67% (versus 44% and 34%, respectively) and increased gastric content by 90% (versus 19% and 21%, respectively) (p<0.0001 versus vehicle control and versus comparators, 1-W-ANOVA, followed by Newman-Keul’s post-hoc test) (Fig. 1a, b).

When SEQ ID NO: 97 was tested at 0.02 and 0.002 mg/kg, s.c. versus PBS-control, intestinal passage was reduced by 43% and 63%, respectively, and gastric content was increased by 37% and 47%, respectively (p<0.0001 versus vehicle control, 1-W-ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s post-hoc test) (Fig. 1c, d).

Example 12: Effect of SEQ ID NO: 97 on 22-hours food intake in female NMRI-mice

Fed female NMRI-mice, weighing on average 25-30 g, were adminîstered 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg of SEQ ID NO: 97 or phosphate buffered saline (vehicle control) subcutaneously, directly prior to start of feeding monitoring (time = 0 h). Lights-off phase (dark phase) started 4 hours later.

At the tested doses, SEQ ID NO: 97 demonstrated a dose-dependent réduction of feed intake, reaching 23% (p<0.0001) and 66% (p<0.0001, 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test) at the end of the study, respectively (Fig. 2).

Example 13: Acute and subchronic effects of SEQ ID NO: 97 after subeutaneous treatment on biood glucose and body weight in female diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6NCrl mice (10 months on high fat diet)

1) Glucose profile

After biood sampiing to détermine the biood glucose baseline level, fed diet-induced obese female C57BL/6NCrl mice were adminîstered 3,10 or 100 pg/kg of SEQ ID NO: 97

-85or phosphate buffered solution (vehicle control on standard or high-fat diet) subcutaneously. At predefined time points, more blood samples were taken to measure blood glucose and generate the blood glucose profile over 24 h.

At the tested doses, SEQ ID NO: 97 demonstrated a significant dose-dependent decrease in blood glucose compared to DIO control mice, lasting at least 8 h in the low and medium dose group and > 24 h in the high dose group (p < 0.0001, 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test; Fig. 3, mean ± SEM).

2) Body weight

Female obese C57BL/6NCri mice were treated for 4 weeks once daily subcutaneously in the moming, at the beginning of the light phase (12 h lights on) with 3, 10 or 100 pg/kg SEQ ID NO: 97 or vehicle. Body weight was recorded daily, and body fat content was determined before the start of treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment.

Treatment with SEQ ID NO: 97 reduced body weight, whereas în the high-fat diet control group an increase in body weight could be observed. These changes resulted from a decrease (or increase in the HFD control group) in body fat, as shown by the absolute changes in body fat content. These changes reached statistical significance in the medium and high dose group (*: p < 0.05,1-W-ANOVA, post hoc Dunnett’s Test, Table 7).

Table 7. Weight change in DIO mice over a 4-week treatment period (mean ± SEM)

Example (Dose)	Overall weight change (g)	Body fat change (g)
Control standard diet	-0.7 ± 0.5	-1.1 ±0.5
Control high-fat diet	1.3 ±0.5	1.0 ±0.4
SEQ ID NO: 97 (3 pg/kg)	-0.9 ±1.0	-0.5 ± 0.8
SEQ ID NO: 97 (10 pg/kg)	-3.0 ±1.4*	-2.5 ±1.0*
SEQ ID NO: 97 (100 pg/kg)	-2.3 ± 0.9*	-2.4 ± 0.8*

Example 14: Acute and subchronic effects of SEQ ID NO: 97 after subcutaneous treatment on blood glucose and HbA1c in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice

1. Glucose profile 'bV

-86After blood sampling to détermine the blood glucose baseline level, fed dîabetic female db/db mice were administered 3, 10 or 100 pg/kg of SEQ ID NO: 97 or phosphate buffered solution (vehicle-treated db/db control) subcutaneously. At predefined time points, more blood samples were taken to measure blood glucose and generate the blood glucose profile over 24 h.

At the tested doses, SEQ ID NO: 97 demonstrated a significant decrease in blood glucose compared to db/db control mice, lasting up to 8 h in the low and medium dose group and > 24 h in the high dose group (p < 0.0001 for lean control mice; p < 0.01 1 - 8 h after treatment for low and medium dose, p < 0.0002 4 - 24 h for high dose; 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test; Fig. 4, mean ± SEM).

2. Blood glucose & HbA1c

Female dîabetic mice were treated for 4 weeks once daily subcutaneously with 3, 10 or 100 pg/kg SEQ ID NO: 97 or vehicle. Blood glucose and HbA1c were determined before start of treatment and at the end of the study after 4 weeks of treatment.

Before treatment started, no significant différences in blood glucose levels could be detected between db/db groups, only the lean control animais had significant lower glucose levels. During the 4 weeks of treatment, glucose levels increased in the vehicletreated db/db control group, indicating a worsening of the dîabetic situation. Ail SEQ ID NO: 97-treated animais displayed a significant lower blood glucose level than the db control mice at the end of the study (p < 0.0001 for lean control mice; p < 0.01 in SEQ ID NO: 97 groups; 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test; Fig. 5, mean ± SEM).

Corresponding to blood glucose, at the begînning of the study, no significant différences in HbA1c levels could be detected between db/db groups, only the lean control animais had significant lower levels. During the 4 weeks of treatment, HbA1c increased in the vehicletreated db/db control group, corresponding to the increasing blood glucose levels. Animais treated with high dose SEQ ID NO: 97 displayed a significant lower HbA1c level than the db control mice at the end of the study (p < 0.0001, 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test; Fig. 6, mean ± SEM).

V

-87Example 15: Comparison Testing

A sélection of inventive exendin-4 dérivatives comprising a functionalized amino acid in position 14 has been tested versus corresponding compounds having in this position 14 a ‘non-functionalized’ amino acid. The reference pair compounds and the corresponding EC50 values at GLP-1 and Glucagon receptors (indicated in pM) are given in Table 8. As shown, the inventive exendin-4 dérivatives show a superior activity in comparison to the compounds with a 'non-functionalized* amino acid in position 14.

Table 8. Comparison of exendin-4 dérivatives comprising a non-functionalized amino acid in position 14 vs. exendin-4 dérivatives comprising a functionalized amino acid in position 14. EC50 values at GLP-1 and Glucagon receptors are indicated in pM. (M=methionine, K=lysîne, N!e=norleucine, yE-x53=(S)-4-Carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, Ac=acetate)

SEQ ID NO	EC50 hGLP-1R	EC50 hGlucagon-R	residue in position 14
182	5.8	419.0	M
115	2.4	1.9	K(yE-x53)

183	1020.0	916.0	K
97	6.8	1.2	K(yE-x53)

194	159.0	1290.0	K(Ac)
184	85.7	991.0	M
4	5.0	4.0	K(yE-x53)

185	75.7	262.0	M
125	31.4	6.9	K(yE-x53)

186	102.0	590.0	M
84	8.1	4.3	K(yE-x53)

187	152.0	195.0	M
78	17.8	1.6	K(yE-x53)

188	89.6	186.0	M
74	4.2	1.3	K(yE-x53)

189	5.6	1680.0	M
24	2.0	9.8	K(yE-x53)

190	21.3	1560.0	M
75	11.1	12.5	K(yE-x53)

192	6.8	478	Nie

30	3.2	7.0	K(yE-x53)

224	1.3	2930	L
216	4.7	19.5	Κ(γΕ-χ70)

225	0.7	2870	L
215	5.3	42.6	Κ(γΕ-χ70)

Example 16: Acute and chronic effects of SEQ ID NO: 24 after subcutaneous treatment on body weight in male diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6NCrl mice

Body weight

Male obese C57BL/6NCrl mice were treated for 3 weeks twice daily subcutaneously with 0.5, 1.5, 5 or 15 pg/kg SEQ ID NO: 24 or vehicie. Body weight was recorded daily, and body fat content was determined before the start and after 3 weeks of treatment.

Treatment with SEQ ID NO: 24 reduced body weight significantly at dosages of 1.5, 5 and 15 pg/kg (*: p < 0.05,1-W-ANOVA, post hoc Dunnett’s Test, Table 9, Fig. 7 and 8). These changes resulted from a decrease in body fat, as shown by the absolute changes in body fat content (Table 9, Fig. 9).

Table 9. Weight change in DIO mice over a 3-week treatment period (mean ± SEM)

Example (Dose)	Overall weight change (g)	Body fat change (g)
Control standard diet	0 02 i 0 2	-0.02 ± 0.22
Control high-fat diet	-0.5 ± 0.3	-0.8 ± 0.3
SEQ ID NO: 24 (0.5 pg/kg bid)	-0.9 ± 0.4	-0.09 ± 0.3
SEQ ID NO: 24 (1.5 pg/kg bid)	-6.9 ± 0.7	-3.9 ± 0.5
SEQ ID NO: 24 (5 pg/kg bid)	-7.4 ± 0.8	-4.4 ± 0.7
SEQ ID NO: 24 (15 pg/kg bid)	-9.1 ± 0.7	-6.7 ± 0.4

Example 17: Acute and chronic effects of SEQ ID NO: 24 after subcutaneous treatment on blood glucose and HbA1c in female leptin-receptor déficient diabetic db/db mice

1. Glucose profile

After blood sampling to détermine the blood glucose baseline level, fed diabetic female db/db mice were administered 50 pg/kg of SEQ ID NO: 24 or phosphate buffered solution (vehicle-treated db/db control) twice daily subcutaneously. At predefined time points, more

-89blood samples were taken to measure blood glucose and generate the blood glucose profile over 24 h.

At the tested dose, SEQ ID NO: 24 demonstrated a significant decrease in blood glucose compared to db/db control mice, lasting > 24 h (p < 0.001; 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test; Fig. 10, mean ± SEM).

2. Blood glucose & HbA1c

Female diabetic mice were treated for 4 weeks subcutaneously with 50 pg/kg SEQ ID NO: 24 or vehicle twice daily. Blood glucose and HbA1c were determined before start of treatment and at the end of the study after 4 weeks of treatment.

Before treatment started, no significant différences in blood glucose levels could be detected between db/db groups, only the lean control animais had significant lower glucose levels. During the 4 weeks of treatment, glucose levels increased in the vehicletreated db/db control group, indicating a worsening of the diabetic situation. The SEQ ID NO: 24-treated animais displayed a significant lower blood glucose level than the db control mice at the end of the study (p < 0.01 in SEQ ID NO: 24 group; 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test; Fig. 11, mean ± SEM).

Corresponding to blood glucose, at the beginning of the study, no significant différences in HbA1c levels could be detected between db/db groups, only the lean control animais had significant lower levels. During the 4 weeks of treatment, HbA1c increased in the vehicletreated db/db control group, corresponding to the increasing blood glucose levels. Animais treated with SEQ ID NO: 24 displayed a significantly lower HbA1c level than the db control mice at the end of the study (p < 0.001, 2-W-ANOVA-RM, post hoc Dunnett’s Test; Fig. 12, mean ± SEM).

Table 10. Sequences

SEQ. ID	sequence
1	H-G-E-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-E-E-E-A-V-R-L-F-l-E-W-L-KN-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
2	H-A-E-G-T-F-T-S-D-V-S-S-Y-L-E-G-Q-A-A-K-E-l-A-W-L-V-KG-R-NH2
3	H-S-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-Y-S-K-Y-L-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-V-Q-W-L-MN-T-OH

4	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(vE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
5	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-I-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
6	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-L-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-K(yE-x53)-NH2
7	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(GABA-x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q- D-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
8	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
9	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x75)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
10	HMSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-l-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH(n-Propyl)
11	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-Aib-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
12	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)Æ-S-Aib-A-A-AibLT-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
13	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-Aib-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
14	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-Aib-A-A-Q-DF-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
15	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-Aib-A-A-Q-L· F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
16	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-E-E-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
17	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-E-E-A-A-K-D-F1-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
18	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-E-E-A-A-Aib-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
19	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-E-E-A-A-K-L-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
20	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-E-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
21	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-E-A-A-Q-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
22	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-E-K-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
23	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-E-K-K-A-K-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
24	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
25	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
26	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F[-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
27	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
28	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-E-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
29	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-L-F-

	I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
30	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
31	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-l· E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
32	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
33	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-I-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
34	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-E-Q-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
35	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
36	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
37	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-E-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
38	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-E-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
39	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
40	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x70)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
41	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
42	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
43	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D’L-S-K-Q-KtxSSJ-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
44	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
45	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
46	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Aib-LF-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
47	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-E-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
48	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
49	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Q- D-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
50	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(GABA-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-QD-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
51	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
52	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x70)-E-S-R-A-A-QD-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
53	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(GABA-x70)-E-S-R-A-A-QD-F-1-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
54	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(pA-pA-x70)-E-S-R-A-A-QD-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2

55	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x74)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
56	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(GABA-x74)-E-S-R-A-A-Q- D-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
57	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x60)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
58	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(GABA-x60)-E-S-R-A-A-Q- D-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
59	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x76)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
60	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x77)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
61	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x79)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
62	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x80)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
63	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x81)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
64	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x82)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
65	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
66	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
67	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Aib-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
68	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-L-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
69	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-L-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
70	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
71	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-Om(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-QD-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
72	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-Dab(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-QD-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
73	H-dSer-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
74	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
75	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Aib-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
76	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Aib-D-F-1- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
77	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
78	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-Aib-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
79	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-Fl-E-W-L-K-Aîb-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
80	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-

	F-I-E-W-L-K-D-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
81	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-D-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
82	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-E-G-G-P-S-S-G-R-P-P-P-S-NH2
83	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-E-G-G-P-S-S-G-R-P-P-P-S-NH2
84	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-K-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
85	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-K-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
86	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-Df-i-e-w-l-k-n-t-g-p-s-s-g-a-p-p-p-s-nh2
87	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53>D-E-R-R-A-K-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
88	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-K-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
89	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x60)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
90	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x69)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
91	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x72)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
92	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-T-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
93	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-A-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
94	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-l-E-W-L-K-N-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
95	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-N-A-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
96	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-N-T-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
97	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
98	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-l-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH(pyrrolidin)
99	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-l-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH(benzyl)
100	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-l-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH(tert.butyl)
101	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-N(diethyl)
102	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-N(morpholin)
103	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH(CH2-CF3)
104	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2-CH2-O)4CH2-CH2-COOH]

•ή,ν

105	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-DF-\|-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2-CH2-O)24CH2-CH2-COOH]
106	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-DF-\|-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2)15-CH3]
107	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-DF-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2)12-OH]
108	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2)14-CH3]
109	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2)17-CH3]
110	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2)13-CH3]
111	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-K-NH2
112	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-lE-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-K-NH2
113	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-K-NH2
114	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-K-NH2
115	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
116	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
117	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
118	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Aib-DF-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
119	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Aib-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
120	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Aib-DF-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
121	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Aib-L- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
122	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x53)-E-S-R-A-A-Aib-L-F-lE-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
123	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-R-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
124	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-R-A-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
125	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-R-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
126	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-Fl-E-W-L-K-R-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
127	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F- FE-W-L-K-R-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
128	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
129	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2

130	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-Aib-A-A-Q-L- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
131	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(GABA-x70)-E-S-Aib-A-A- Q-L-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
132	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-Aib-A-A-Q-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
133	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-E-K-A-A-K-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
134	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x52)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
135	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x52)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-E-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
136	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(x52)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-L-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
137	H-dSer-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
138	H-dSer-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-L-Fl-E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
139	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x76)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
140	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-A-Q- D-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
141	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(Phospho1)-D-S-K-A-A-QD-F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
142	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X95)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
143	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D- F-l-E-W-L-K-A-dA!a-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
144	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-Aib-Q-DF-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
145	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-S-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
146	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-L-Q-D-Fl^-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
147	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-K-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
148	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
149	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x76)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
150	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-L-A-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
151	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-E-Q-A-A-K-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
152	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-E-F- IÆ-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
153	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-E-Q-A-A-K-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
154	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
155	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-l-

	E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
156	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
157	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
158	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
159	Η-Α^-ΰ-6-Τ-Ρ-Τ-ί>-Ο-Ι_-5-Κ-Ο-Κ(γΕ-χ76)-Ε)-6>-ΰ-Α-Α-Ο-1_-Ε-Ι’ E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
160	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x61)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
161	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-X70)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-\|-E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
162	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
163	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- E-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
164	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-DF-I-E-W-L-K-Aib-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
165	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-E-G-G-P-S-S-G-K-P-P-P-S-NH2
166	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-T-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
167	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x59>D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-1-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
168	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x61)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
169	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x64)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
170	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x65)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
171	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x73)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D- F-I-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
172	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-R-G-G-P-S-S-G-E-P-P-P-S-NH2
173	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
174	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YÉ-X70)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-E-F- I-E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
175	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
176	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-E-F- I-E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
177	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F\|-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2-CH2-O)24CH2-CH2-COOH]
178	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F\|-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH[(CH2-CH2-O)4CH2-CH2-COOH]
179	H-S-MeQ-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-FI-E-W-L-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2

180	H-S-MeQ-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
181	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x53)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
182	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-I-E-W-LK-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
183	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-N-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
184	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
185	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-R-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
186	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-K-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
187	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-Aib-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
188	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-D-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l-E-W- L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
189	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-E-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
190	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-M-E-S-R-R-A-Aib-D-F-!-E-WL-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
191	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-N!e-E-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
192	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-Nle-D-S-K-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E-WL-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
193	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-Nle-D-S-Q-A-A-Q-D-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
194	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(Ac)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-l-E- W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
195	H-A-E-G-T-F-T-S-D-V-S-S-Y-L-E-G-Q-A-A-K(yE-x53)-E-l-AW-L-V-R-G-R-G-OH
196	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x70)-D-S-K-R-A-Aib-DF-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
197	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x70)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
198	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x70)-D-S-R-R-A-Q-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
199	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x70)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-dA!a-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
200	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x70)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
201	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x76)-D-E-Q-A-A-K-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
202	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x76)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-D-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
203	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x76)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
204	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(yE-x76)-E-S-R-A-A-Q-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-dA!a-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2

205	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
206	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-E-Q-K-A-K-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
207	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x53)-D-E-Q-R-A-K-E- F-I-E-W-L-K-S-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
208	H-S-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-E-S-R-R-A-Q-D-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
209	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-K-R-R-A-Q-D-F-lE-W-L-K-A-dA!a-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
210	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-K-R-R-A-Q-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
211	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-D-K-R-A-A-Q-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
212	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x76)-D-K-R-A-A-Q-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-dAla-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
213	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-KÎYE^OJ-D-E-E-A-A-K-L-F-IE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
214	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-E-E-A-A-R-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
215	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-E-E-E-A-A-R-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
216	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-E-E-A-A-R-L-F-lE-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
217	H-Aib-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-E-E-E-A-A-R-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
218	H-Aib-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-E-E-A-A-R-L-F-l- E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
219	H-dSer-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-KÎYE^OJ-E-E-E-A-A-R-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
220	H-dSer-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X7O)-D-E-E-A-A-R-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
221	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x53)-D-E-E-A-A-R-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
222	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-X70)-D-E-E-A-A-R-L-F- I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
223	H-dSer-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-x70)-E-E-E-A-A-R-L-FI-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
224	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-L-D-E-E-A-A-R-L-F-I-E-W-L-K- A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
225	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-L-E-E-E-A-A-R-L-F-I-E-W-L-K- A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
226	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x53)-D-E-E-A-A-R-LF-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
227	H-Aib-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x53)-D-E-E-A-A-R-L- F-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
228	H-Aib-Q-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x53)-E-E-E-A-A-R-LF-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
229	H-Aib-H-G-T-F-T-S-D-L-S-K-Q-K(YE-YE-x53)-E-E-E-A-A-R-LF-I-E-W-L-K-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2

6 MAR. 2015 ^üazei/ave Saf

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Cabine) Prcr ΒΡ500Λ .

Til.: (237i222UU<F8x: (23T) 22 Mjl i

E-malIvçathral— _

Îcaz9nave@hotfflsn.f

Claims

1. A peptidic compound having the formula (I):

R¹-Z-R² (I) wherein Z is a peptide moiety having the formula (II)

His-X2-X3-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-Gln-X14-X15-X16X17-X18-Ala-X20-X21 -Phe-lle-Glu-Trp-Leu-Lys-X28-X29-Gly-Pro-SerSer-Gly-X35-Pro-Pro-Pro-X39-X40 (II)

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, D-Ser and Aib, X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, His and □amino-functionalized Gin, wherein Gin may be functionalized in that an H of the a-NH2 group is substituted by (Ct -C^-alkyl,

X14 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys, Om, Dab and Dap, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵, X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Glu and Asp, X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser, Lys and Glu, X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Glu, Gin, Leu and Lys,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Arg, Lys and Aib,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp, Leu and Glu, X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Arg, Lys, Aib, Ser, Glu, Asp and Ala,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Ala, D-Ala and Thr,

X35 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala or Glu,

X39 is Ser or is absent,

100

R⁵ is a lipophilie moiety selected from an acyclic linear or branched (C4C30) saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and/or a cyclic saturated, unsaturated or aromatic group, wherein the lipophilie moiety may be attached to the -NH2 side chain group by a linker selected from (p-Ala)M, (y-GIu)m, (s-Ahx)i-*, or (GABA)m in ail stereoisomeric forms;

R¹ represents the N-terminal group of the peptidic compound and is selected from NH2 and mono- or bisfunctionalized NH2,

R² represents the C-terminal group of the peptidic compound and is selected from (i) OH or functionalized OH and (ii) NH2 or mono- or bisfunctionalized NH2, or a sait or solvaté thereof, and wherein the compound is a dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist.

2. A compound of claim 1, wherein

X14 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys, Om, Dab and Dap, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵, X40 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys, Om, Dab and Dap, wherein the -NH2 side chain group can be functionalized by -C(O)R⁵, and

-C(O)-R⁵ is selected from (S)-4-Carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4octadecanoylamino-butyryl-,4-Hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, 4-{3-[(R)2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino)-butyryl-, 4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-, 4-((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)-butyryl-, 6-[(4,4-Diphenyl-cyclohexyloxy)hydroxy-phosphoryloxyj-hexanoyl-, Hexadecanoyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{3-[3((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy-2,3₁4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)17287

101 propionylamino]-propionylamino}-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{3-[(R)2_l5_l7_l8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((9Z,12Z)octadeca-9,12-dienoylamÎno)-butyTyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[6((2S,3R,4S₁5R)-5-carboxy-2,3₁4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)hexanoylaminoj-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-carboxy2,3,4₁5-tetrahydroxy-pentanoylamino)-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4tetradecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-(11 -Benzyloxycarbonylundecanoylamino)-4-carboxy-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[11((2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-hexylcarbamoyl)undecanoylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((Z)-octadec-9enoylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(4-dodecyloxy-benzoylamîno)butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-henicosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4docosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((Z)-nonadec-10enoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(4-decyloxy-benzoy!amîno)butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[(4'-octyloxy-biphenyl-4-carbonyl)-amino]butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-(12-phenyl-dodecanoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4Carboxy-4-icosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4hexadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, 3-(3Octadecanoylamino-propionylamino)-propionyl-, 3-(3Hexadecanoylamino-propionylamino)-propionyl-, 3Hexadecanoylamino-propionyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[(R)-4((3R,5S,7R,8R,9R,10S,12S,13R,14R,17R)-3_t7,12-trihydroxy-8,10,13trimethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[alphenanthren-17-yl)pentanoylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[(R)-4((3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,13R, 14S, 17R)-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-pentanoylamino]butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((9S,10R)-9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoylarninoj-butyryt-, Tetradecanoyl-, 11-Carboxy-undecanoyl-, 11-Benzyloxycarbonyl-undecanoyl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4tetradecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-biityTyl-, 6-(Hydroxy-(naphthalen-2yloxy)-phosphoryloxy]-hexanoyl-, 6-[Hydroxy-(5-phenyl-pentyloxy)

102 phosphoryloxy]-hexanoyl-, 4-(Naphthalene-2-su!fonylamino)-4-oxobutyryl-, 4-(Biphenyl-4-sulfonylamino)-4-oxo-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acety1amino]ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acety!amino]-butyrylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoy!amino)butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylannino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylaminoj-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-2-{(S)-4-carboxy-2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamÎno]ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]butyrylaminoj-butyryl, (S)-4-Ca rboxy-2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-ca rboxy-

4- (17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)- acetylamino]-ethoxy}-€thoxy)-acetylamino]-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)-butyry!amino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]butyrylamino}-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-butyryl,(S)-4-Carboxy-2-((S)-4-carboxy-2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}ethoxy)-acety1amino]-butyrylaniino}-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-2-[2-(2-{2[(S)-4-carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyry!amino]ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyryl, 2-(2~[2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-Carboxy-4(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyry!amino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl·, 2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-Carboxy-4-(17carboxy-heptadecanoy1amino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyt, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[(S)-4-carboxy-4(19-carboxy-nonadecanoylamino)-butyrylarnino]-butyrylanriino}butyrylamino)-butyryl, 2-(2-{2-[2-(2-(2-[(S)-4-Carboxy-4-(16-1 H-tetrazol-

5- yl-hexadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylaminoJ- ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl₍ 2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4-Carboxy-4-(16-carboxyhexadecanoylamîno)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[(S)-4carboxy-4-(17-carboxy-heptadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]17287

103 butyrylaminoj-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-{2-[2-(2-{2-[2(2-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[10-(4-carboxy-phenoxy)-decanoylamino]butyrylamino}-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-acetylamino}-ethoxy)-ethoxy]acetylamino}-butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2[(S)-4*c^arboxy-4-(7-carboxy-heptanoylamino)-butyTylamino]-ethoxy}ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyrylamino}butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(S)-4-^carboxy-4’[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4carboxy-4-(11-carboxy-undecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acety!amino]-butyrylamino}butyryl, (S)-4-Ca±oxy-4-{(SM-carboxy^-[2-(2-{2-(2-(2-{2-[(S)-4carboxy-4-(13-carboxy-tridecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyrylamino}butyryl, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(SM-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-{2-{2-[(S)-4carboxy-4-(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy)-ethoxy)-acety!amino]-butyrylamino}butyryl, and (S)-4-Carboxy-4-{(SH-carboxy-4-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[(S)-4carboxy-4-(19-carboxy-nonadecanoylamino)-butyrylamino]-ethoxy}ethoxy)-acetylamino]-ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetylamino]-butyrylamino}butyryl.

3. A compound of any one of claims 1-2, wherein

R¹ is NH₂,

R² is NH2 or

R¹ and R² are NH₂.

4. The compound of any one of claims 1-3 wherein

X14 is Lys, which is functionalized with a group -C(O)R⁵, wherein R⁵ is as described in any one of claims 1-2.

5. The compound of any one of claims 1-4, wherein €4,

104

X14 is Lys, which is functionalized with a group -C(O)R⁵, wherein R⁵comprises a lipophilie moiety, an acyclic linear or branched (C12-C22) saturated hydrocarbon group attached directly to the -NH2 side chain group or attached to the -NH2 side chain group by a linker selected form the group of B-Ala, γ-Glu, β-Ala-B-Ala and γ-Glu-y-Glu in ail stereoisomeric forms.

6. A compound of any one of claims 1-5, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from D-Ser and Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys and Om, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵, X15 represents an amino add residue selected from Glu and Asp, X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu, X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin and Lys, X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Arg, Lys and Aib,

X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp, Leu and Glu, X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Arg, Lys, Aib, Ser and Ala,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Ala or Thr, X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser or is absent,

X40 is either absent or represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group can be functionalized by -C(O)-R⁵and -C(O)-R⁵ is as defined in claim 1.

7. The compound of any one of claims 1-6, wherein

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Lys and Aib.

8. A compound of any one of claims 1-7, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from D-Ser and Aib,

Ût

105

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by one of the groups selected from 3-(3-octadecanoylamino-propionylamino)-propionyl-, 4-hexadecanoylamino-butyTyl-, 4-{3-[(R)-2,5,7,8tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4.®.12-trimethyl-tridecyl)-chroman-6yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino}-butyryl-, 4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-, 4-((Z)-octadeo-9-enoylamino)-butyTyl-, hexadecanoyl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4((Z)-octadec-9-enoylamino)-butyTyl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-(4-dodecyloxybenzoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-henicosanoylamtno-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-docosanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-((Z)~ nonadec-10-enoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-(4-decyloxybenzoylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-[(4’-octyloxy-biphenyl-4carbonyl)-amino]-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-(12-phenyldodecanoy1amino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-((S)^4-carboxy-4hexadecanoylamino-butyrylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4-((S)-4carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4{3-[(R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyl-tridecyl)chroman-6-yloxycarbonyl]-propionylamino}-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoylamino)-butyryl-, (S)-4-carboxy-4octadecanoylamino-butyryl- and (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylaminobutyryl-,

X15 represents Glu,

X16 represents Ser,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin and Lys, X18 represents Ala,

X20 represents Gin, X21 represents Asp, X28 represents Ala, X29 represents Gly, X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser

X40 is absent

M

106

9. The compound of any one of claims 1-8, wherein

X2 represents Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-Carboxy-4-hexadecanoylaminobutyryl- and (S)-4-Carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-;

X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Glu,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and Lys, X18 represents Ala,

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and Lys, X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu, X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly and D-Ala, X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent.

10. A compound of any one of claims 1-9, wherein

X2 represents D-Ser,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylaminobutyryl- or hexadecanoyl-;

X15 represents an amino add residue selected from Glu and Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Glu, Lys and Aib,

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Lys and Ala, X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Lys and Aib, X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu, X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala and Asn, X29 represents Gly,

ÇjL· «

107

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent

11. A compound of any one of claims 1-10, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Aib and D-Ser;

X3 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and His;

’ X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by one of the groups selected from (S)-4-Carboxy-4hexadecanoylamino-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-octadecanoy1aminobutyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylaminobutyrylaminoj-butyryl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-((S)-4-carboxy-4octadecanoylamino-butyrylamino)-butyryl-, 3-(3-Octadecanoylaminopropionyla-mino)-propionyl-, 3-(3-Hexadecanoylamino-propionylamino)-propionyl-, (S)-4-Carboxy-4-henicosanoylamino-butyryl-, 4Hexadecanoylamino-butyryl- and 4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-, X15 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Glu; X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ser and Glu;

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin, Lys, Aib and Leu;

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Ala;

X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin, Aib and Lys; X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp, Glu and Lys; X28 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asn, Ser, Aib, Ala and Arg;

X29 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gly, Thr, Ala and D-Ala;

X35 represents Ala;

X39 represents Ser and

X40 is absent

12. A compound of any one of claims 1-11, wherein hL· «

108 the functionalized Lys in position 14 is functionalized at its ε-amino group with -C(O)-R⁵, and-C(O)-R⁵ is (S)-4-cart>oxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl, (S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl, hexadecanoyl or octadecanoyl.

13. A compound of claim 12, wherein

X2 represents an amino acid residue selected from Aib and D-Ser;

X3 represents Gin;

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized by one of the groups selected from (S)-4-carboxy-4-hexadecanoylamino-butyryl, (S)-4-carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl, hexadecanoyl and octadecanoyl;

X15 represents Glu;

X16 represents Ser;

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg, Gin and Lys;

X18 represents Ala;

X20 represents Gin;

X21 represents Asp;

X28 represents Ala;

X29 represents Gly;

X35 represents Ala;

X39 represents Ser and

X40 is absent.

14. The compound of any one of claims 1-13, wherein

X2 represents Aib,

X3 represents Gin,

X14 represents Lys, wherein the -NH2 side chain group is functionalized, particularly by (S)-4-Carboxy-4-henicosanoylaminobutyryl- and (S)-4-Carboxy-4-octadecanoylamino-butyryl-;

X15 represents Asp,

X16 represents an amino acid residue selected from Lys and Glu,

X17 represents an amino acid residue selected from Arg and Glu, *

109

X18 represents an amino acid residue selected from Ala and Arg, X20 represents an amino acid residue selected from Gin and Lys, X21 represents an amino acid residue selected from Asp and Leu, X28 represents Ala,

X29 represents an amino add residue selected from Gly and D-Ala,

X35 represents Ala,

X39 is Ser,

X40 is absent

15. The compound of any one of claims 1-14, selected from the compounds of SEQ ID NO. 4-181, or a sait or solvaté thereof.

16. The compound of any one of claims 1-14, selected from the compounds of SEQ ID NO. 4-181,196-223,226-229 or a sait or solvaté thereof.

17. Compound according to any one of claims 1-16, which has a high solubility at acidic pH values, e.g. at pH 4.5 at 25°C, and/or at physiological pH values, e.g., at pH 7.4 at 25°C, wherein the solubility at said pH value and/or pH values is particularly at least 0.5 mg/ml, or at least 1.0 mg/ml.

18. The compound of any one of claims 1-17 for use in medicine, particularly in human medicine.

19. The compound for use according to claim 18 which is présent as an active agent in a pharmaceutical composition together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

20. The compound for use according to claim 18 or 19 together with at least one additional therapeutically active agent, wherein the additional therapeutically active agent is selected from the sériés of Insulin and Insulin dérivatives, GLP-1, GLP-1 analogues and GLP-1 receptor

6L

110 agonists, polymer bound GLP-1 and GLP-1 analogues, dual GLP1/GIP agonists, PYY3-36 or analogues thereof, pancreatic polypeptide or analogues thereof, Glucagon receptor agonists, GIP receptor agonists or antagonists, ghrelin antagonists or inverse agonists, Xenin and analogues thereof, DDP-IV inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, dual SGLT2 / SGLT1 inhibitors, Biguanides Thiazolidinediones, dual PPAR agonists, Sulfonylureas, Meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, Amylin and Amylin analogues, GPR119 agonists, GPR40 agonists, GPR120 agonists, GPR142 agonists, systemic or low-absorbable TGR5 agonists, Cycloset, inhibitors of 11-beta-HSD, activators of glucokinase, inhibitors of DGAT, inhibitors of protein tyrosinephosphatase 1, inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphatase, inhibitors of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase, inhibitors of phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase, inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, alpha2-antagonists, CCR-2 antagonists, modulators of glucose transporter-4, Somatostatin receptor 3 agonists, HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors, fibrates, nicotinic acid and the dérivatives thereof, nicotinic acid receptor 1 agonists, PPAR-alpha, gamma or alpha/gamma) agonists or modulators, PPAR-delta agonists, ACAT inhibitors, cholestérol absorption inhibitors, bile acid-binding substances, IBAT inhibitors, MTP inhibitors, modulators of PCSK9, LDL receptor upregulators by liver sélective thyroid hormone receptor β agonists, HDLraising compounds, lipid metabolism modulators, PLA2 inhibitors , ApoA-l enhancers, thyroid hormone receptor agonists, cholestérol synthesis inhibitors, omega-3 fatty acids and dérivatives thereof, active substances for the treatment of obesity, such as Sibutramine, Tesofensine, Oriistat, CB-1 receptor antagonists, MCH-1 antagonists, MC4 receptor agonists and partial agonists, NPY5 or NPY2 antagonists, NPY4 agonists, beta-3-agonists, leptin or leptin mimetics, agonists of the 5HT2c receptor, or the combinations of bupropione/naltrexone (CONTRAVE), bupropione/zonisamide (EMPATIC), bupropione/phentermine or pramlintide/metreleptin.

111

QNEXA (Phentermine+ topiramate), lipase inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors, H3 antagonists, AgRP inhibitors, triple monoamine uptake inhibitors (norepinephrine and acétylcholine), MetAP2 inhibitors, nasal formulation of the calcium channel blocker diltiazem, antisense against production of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4, prohibitin targeting peptide-1, drugs for influencing high blood pressure, chronic heart failure or atherosclerosis, such as angiotensin 11 receptor antagonists, ACE inhibitors, ECE inhibitors, diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, centrally acting hypertensives, antagonists of the alpha-2adrenergîc receptor, inhibitors of neutral endopeptidase, thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors.

21. The compound for use according to claim 18 or 19 together with at least one additional therapeutically active agent, wherein the additional therapeutically active agent particularly is a GLP-1 compound and/or an insulinic compound and/or a gastrointestinal peptide.

22. The compound for use according to claim 18 or 19 together with at least one additional therapeutically active agent, wherein the additional therapeutically active agent particularly is insulin or an insulin dérivative.

23. The compound for use according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for parentéral administration, preferably in a single dose injectable form, particularly in the form of a pen.

24. The compound for use according to any one of claims 18-23 for the treatment or prévention of hyperglycemia, type 2 diabètes, impaired glucose tolérance, type 1 diabètes, obesity, metabolic syndrome and neurodegenerative disorders, particularly for delaying or preventing disease progression in type 2 diabètes, treating metabolic syndrome, treating obesity or preventing overweight, for decreasing food intake, increase energy expenditure, reducing body weight, delaying the progression from impaired glucose tolérance (IGT) to type 2 diabètes;

6 b

112 delaying the progression from type 2 diabètes to insulin-requiring diabètes; regulating appetite; inducing satiety; preventing weight regain after successful weight loss; treating a disease or state related to overweight or obesity; treating bulimia; treating binge eating; treating atherosclerosis, hypertension, IGT, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, hepatîc steatosis, treatment of beta-blocker poisoning, use for inhibition of the motility of the gastro-intestinal tract, useful in connection with investigations of the gastro-intestinal tract using techniques such as X-ray, CT- and NMR-scanning.

25. The compound for use according to any one of claims 18-24 for the treatment or prévention of hyperglycemia, type 2 diabètes, obesity and metabolic syndrome or reducing body weight.

26. The compound for use according to any one of claims 18-24 for simultaneous treatment of obesity and diabètes.