OA17081A - Method for degrading toxic organic compounds contained in wastewater and/or waste gases. - Google Patents
Method for degrading toxic organic compounds contained in wastewater and/or waste gases. Download PDFInfo
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- OA17081A OA17081A OA1201400380 OA17081A OA 17081 A OA17081 A OA 17081A OA 1201400380 OA1201400380 OA 1201400380 OA 17081 A OA17081 A OA 17081A
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- Prior art keywords
- organic compounds
- toxic organic
- solution
- fact
- waste gases
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- 230000002588 toxic Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000000593 degrading Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 210000001736 Capillaries Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HWKQNAWCHQMZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trolnitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCCN(CCO[N+]([O-])=O)CCO[N+]([O-])=O HWKQNAWCHQMZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[a]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FTOVXSOBNPWTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzo(b)fluoranthene Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C1C1=CC3=CC=CC=C3C3=C1C2=CC=C3 FTOVXSOBNPWTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HAXBIWFMXWRORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzo(k)fluoranthene Chemical compound C1=CC(C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 HAXBIWFMXWRORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indane Chemical group C1=CC=C2CCCC2=C1 PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000039 congener Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- DXBHBZVCASKNBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Benzanthrazen Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=C1 DXBHBZVCASKNBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWRYPZZKDGJXCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acenaphthene Chemical compound C1=CC(CC2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CWRYPZZKDGJXCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYFAGKUZYNFMBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzo(ghi)perylene Chemical compound C1=CC(C2=C34)=CC=C3C=CC=C4C3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 GYFAGKUZYNFMBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007170 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000006962 Gossypium hirsutum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004054 acenaphthylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004827 dibenzo-1,4-dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 dioxins and furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 hemp Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 marijuana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000817 safety factor Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Method for degrading toxic organic compounds contained in wastewater and/or waste gases, wherein the wastewater or waste gases (2) polluted with toxic organic compounds is/are first introduced into an aqueous basic alkaline or alkaline earth solution/slurry bath (3) to destabilize the toxic organic compounds, and then the solution/slurry bath (3) containing the destabilized toxic organic compounds is fed into a capillary mass (4) arranged thereabove, formed from a mixture of reprocessed wood materials and peat mixed with bentonite, zeolite and/or lime with a particle size <200 µm.
Description
Method for Breakdown of Toiic Organic Compounds Contaïned in Wastewaters and/or Waste Gases
This invention concems a method for brcaking down (decomposing) toxic organic compounds contaïned in wastewaters and/or waste gases. Such toxic organic compounds for example, include dioxins and furans.
Bïofilters which are used to purify and control the odor of wastewaters and waste gases, are known from the generally known prior art. Such bïofilters include a filter layer and an air distribution chamber into which a steam-saturated crude gas is introduced. Different composts such as; bark compost, green compost, ground root wood, chopped wood bark, peat, coconut fibers, etc. as well as mixtures of these matériels can be used as traversed filter material. A combination of this type of bîofilter with an upstream biowasher is also known in the filtering processes.
Highly toxic organic compounds, dioxins and furans which are contaïned in waste gases, incinération gases, industrial exhaust, etc., pose greater problems. During disposai or purification of such waste gases, specially developed, expensive high-tech equipment is required.
In thîs respect one task of the invention is to devise a simple and inexpensive method for breaking down toxic organic compounds contaïned in wastewaters and/or waste gases in order not to further load the environment wîth organic compounds like dioxins and furans, which are highly toxic even at low concentrations.
Thîs task îs solved according to the invention, in that the wastewaters and/or waste gases loaded with toxic organic compounds are first fed into an aqueous, basic, alkaline/alkaline earth solution/suspension bath for destabîfixation ofthe toxic organic compounds, and in that, the solution/suspensîon bath containing the destabilized toxic organic compounds is then passed in an ascending fashion to a capillary mass arranged above it, formed from a mixture of processed wood pulp and peat mixed wîth bentonite, zeolite and/or lime with a particle size <200 pm.
The toxic organic compounds are then split or broken down in a simple and advantageous manner and decomposed to environmentally safe compounds, which can be taken off together with the gaseous and/or liquid, possibly reusable end products that form according to the process ordirectly released to the atmosphère.
In a preferred variant of this method according to the invention, a peat layer is arranged above the capillary mass. This expédient is mostly conducted for safety reasons in order to ensure that toxic organic compounds are no longer found in the end products according to the method.
According to another feature of the method according to the invention refîner pulps are used as processed wood pulps în the capillary mass. These consist of mechanically produced primary 10 fi brous substances, in which case wood chips or ground wood can also be used as a substitute.
Wood chips are ordinary used as starting material to produce refîner wood pulps, in which different methods can be used for processing, like the defibrator method. The defibrator method is a thermo-mechanical processing operation in which the wood chips are first preheated and softened in a preheater with hot steam and then ground to fibers in a grinder. Such refîner pulps 15 are ordinarily used in the production of MDF boards (medium-density fiberboard).
One feature of the method according to the invention consists of an aqueous homogeneous solution/suspension of calcium sulfate basîfied with calcium hydroxide is used as solution/suspension bath. A gypsum solution/suspension with lime is preferably used, in which case it is essential that the entire solution/suspension be présent in unîformly homogenized form.
The solution/suspension bath, however, can also be any readily available alkali sait and/or other alkalîne earth sait solution/suspension, which is basified with correspondîng alkali or other alkalîne earth compounds.
According to another feature of this method of the invention, the alkali/alkaline earth solution/suspension bath is set at a pH value between 8 and 11, preferably between 8 and 9.
The process température over ail process steps is 1 to 25°C according to the invention, preferably 3 to 4°C. According to another feature the method according to the invention is run in all process steps at a partial vacuum of 0.2 to 0.8 bar, preferably 0.5 bar.
The method according to the invention is explained below with référencé to the figure in the drawing, which depicts a schematic arrangement for breakdown of toxic organic compounds contained in wastewaters and/or waste gases for performance of the method according to the invention.
A processing tank 1 is filled in a lower area with an aqueous, basîc alkali/alkaline earth solution/suspension bath 3, which is supplied with wastewaters and/or waste gases 2 loaded with toxic organic compounds. This solution/suspension bath 3 is appropriately formed from a homogeneous aqueous calcium sulfate solution/suspension, preferably gypsum solution/suspension, which is mixed with a solution/suspension of calcium hydroxide (lime) for basifîcatîon. The solution/suspension bath 3 is then set to a pH value between 8 and 11, the preferred pH range lying between 8 and 9. In this basic medium the toxic organic compounds supplied by the introduced wastewaters or waste gases 2 are destabilized in the solution/suspension bath 3.
A capillary mass 4 formed from a mixture of wood pulps, preferably refîner pulps, and peat is arranged adjacent to and above the solution/suspension bath 3, which is mixed in a limited fraction with bentonîte, zeolite and/or lime with a particle size <200 pm, referred to the entîre capillary mass. The pulp is preferably mixed with finely divided bentonîte, zeolite and/or lime. Finely divided plastics, mixed plastics and plastic compounds can also be added to the capillary mass. Solution/suspension is continuously absorbed from the solution/suspension bath 3 by the capillary mass 4 mostly via capillary forces and passed through the capillary mass 4. The destabilized toxic compounds are split or degraded in the context of a chemical/physîcal process and broken down into individual harmless compounds. The method is run at a process température from I to 25°C, preferably 3 to 4°C over all process steps and at a partial vacuum from 0.2 to 0.8 bar, preferably 0.5 bar also in all process steps.
The capillary mass 4 is advantageously covered as a safety factor, with a pure peat layer 5 (shown with a dashed line) in order to reliably guarantee that ail the toxic organic compounds are actually split or broken down to harmless compounds.
The decomposed environ mentally safe compounds can then be taken off together with the gaseous and/or liquid, possibly reusable end products 6 that form according to the process or directly released to the atmosphère.
With respect to performance of the method according to the invention it is found that the individual components of the materiaîs being used, as well as the medium présent in the corresponding process stages are monitored and controlled by continuous measurements during the entire process, in which case, depending on the requirements or as a function ofthe measurement results, material feed or withdrawal is controllable. This expédient can at least serve to support continuous performance ofthe process.
However, in order to effectively guarantee continuous performance of the method according to the invention two or more processing tanks are connected in parallel. The individual sections in the processing tank operate similar to filter boxes, in which these are swîtched as a function of continuously occurring monitoring measurements before or on achievement of established measurement !imit values or during corresponding saturation, i.e., the processing tank in operation is swîtched off and at least one parallel-connected tank is engaged. In the disconnection phase the materiaîs used in the individual process sections are replaced or regenerated so that at least one processing tank is always available in the sense of a continuous process for performance of the method for breaking down of the toxic organic compounds contained in waste water and/or waste gases.
The method according to the invention is further described below by means a preferred variant.
A lower chamber of a processing tank is filled with a solutîon/suspension bath, which consists of a homogenized aqueous solution of calcium hydroxîde in which fînely ground lime and gypsum are suspended. The pH value of the solution/suspension bath is inîtially set at pH 9-10. The waste gas formed in an incinération process of organic material loaded with toxic organic compounds, like chlorinated hydrocarbons, dioxine and/or furans is introduced to this solution/suspension bath by means of a compressor under a pressure between 7 and 12 bar. The chamber filled with the solution/suspension bath is kept under a pressure between 6 and 12 bar by means of the compressor.
During continuous introduction of the waste gas the pH value of the bath diminishes, în which case gypsum is formed from the calcium hydroxide solution and the lime. As a function of continuous pH value measurement formed gypsum is taken off, on the one hand, and calcium hydroxide and lime added as required, on the other.
The toxic organic compounds contained in the waste gas are destabilized in the basic aqueous medium in the bath chamber, in which sufficient résidence time of the waste gas in the solution/suspension bath is an essential criterion.
Liquid medium is drawn from the bath chamber into a chamber arranged above it by a partial vacuum of 0.5 to 0.8 bar generated by a pump arranged at the upper output from the processing tank, în which the pressure gradient built up in the processing tank guarantees sufficient résidence time ofthe waste gas în the solution/suspension bath.
The chamber arranged above it is filled with a capîllary mass, which is formed from refîner pulps. If available, other fiber material like; paper hemp, flax, cotton, cellulose, plastics, mixed plastics, în each case they are separated into fibers or finely divtded. To increase the surface area, biocarbon, if available, mixed with métal compounds, are added in an amount of <1 wt% referred to the capîllary mass.
The toxic organic compounds destabilized with the capîllary mass în the bath chamber arranged below are split and broken down to components that no longer burden the environment.
A layer containing peat- is also arranged above the chamber containing the capîllary mass, which has a peat fraction <5 wt%, if available 3 wt%, with a moisture content of 80% referred to dry mass. Thîs peat-containing layer is not absolutely necessary according to the process, but serves merely for safety reasons in order to make any toxic compounds still contained in the withdrawn liquid medium harmless by décomposition.
The process température over ail process stages is preferably 3-4°C.
Measurement with respect to individual components of the waste gas stream at the input to the processing system, referred to as crude gas, and the gas stream at the output from the processing system, referred to as clean gas, are carried out together with this process. The determined measurement results are apparent from the following Tables I to 3 [sic].
The concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans are shown in Table I. 10 The results include the total content of 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD and PCDF and calculation of the 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxicity équivalents according to the l-TEF mode!.
By summîng the détection limit concentrations of ail 17 congeners considered in the l-TEF model and weightîng with the corresponding équivalence factors the toxicity-equîvalent limit concentration ts determined. This limit concentration states the theoretically maximum possible 15 toxicity équivalent value for a case in which the ! 7 toxic PCDD/PCDF congeners contained in the model would be présent precîsely with the détection limit concentrations. For the measurements in question toxicity-equîvalent limit concentrations for PCDD and PCDF of 0.00004 ng/Nm3 (crude gas) and 0.0005 ng/Nm3 (clean gas) are obtained.
It is pointed out that the toxic 1,2,3,7,8-PSCDF cannot be separated chromatographically from
1,2,3,4,8-P5CDF. The same applies for the compounds 1,2,3,4,7,8-H6CDF and
1,2,3,4,7,9-H6CDF. Thîs means that the results lie on the safe side.
Table 1: Results of PCDD/PCDF measurements
| Parameter | Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans | |||
| Crude gas | Clean gas | |||
| l-TEF | I-TEF | |||
| [ng/Nm3] | [ngTE/Nm3] | [ng/Nm3] | [ngTE/Nm3] | |
| 23.7.8-T4CDD | 0.0018 | 0.00179 | 0.0001 | 0.00005 |
| 133,7,8-PSCDD | 0.0012 | 0.00060 | 0.0002 | 0.00011 |
| 133.4*7,8-H6CDD | 0.0005 | 0.00005 | 0.0003 | 0.00003 |
| 1,2,3,6,7,8-H6CDD | 0.0008 | 0.00008 | 0.0007 | 0.00007 |
| 12,3,7,8,9-H6CDD | 0.0020 | 0.00020 | 0.0006 | 0.00006 |
| 133,4,6,7,8-H7CDD | 0.0027 | 0.00003 | 0.0051 | 0.00005 |
| O8CDD | 0.0034 | 0.000003 | 0.0045 | 0.000005 |
| 23.73-PCDD | 0.0124 | 0.0027 | 0.0115 | 0.0004 |
| 2,3*7,8-T4CDF | 0.0236 | 0.00236 | 0.0010 | 0.00010 |
| l,2,3,7,8-P5CDF ·’ | 0.0073 | 0.00037 | 0.0010 | 0.00005 |
| 23,4,7,8-P5CDF | 0.0209 | 0.0104 | 0.0018 | 0.00091 |
| I33,4,7,8-H6CDF b> | 0.0039 | 0.00039 | 0.0020 | 0.00020 |
| I33,6,7,8-H6CDF | 0.0037 | 0.00037 | 0.0020 | 0.00020 |
| 12,3.7,8,9-H6CDF | 0.0009 | 0.00009 | 0.0007 | 0.00007 |
| 2,3,4,6,7,8-H6C DF | 0.0054 | 0.00054 | 0.0020 | 0.00020 |
| 133,4,6,7,8-H7CDF | 0.0067 | 0.00007 | 0.0109 | 0.00011 |
| 133,4,7,8,9-H7CDF | 0.0011 | 0.00001 | 0.0017 | 0.00002 |
| O8CDF | 0.0024 | 0.000002 | 0.0069 | 0.000007 |
| 23,73-PCDF | 0.076 | 0.0146 | 0.030 | 0.0019 |
| 2,3,7,8-PCDD + PCDF | 0.088 | 0.0174 | 0.042 | 0.0023 |
The crude gas concentrations are referred to standard conditions (0° C, 1013 hPa) and dry waste gas
a) not separated from l,2,3,4,8-P5CDF
b) not separated from I,2,3,4,7,9-H6CDF
The flue gas concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are shown in Table 2. The results include the individual values, the total content of 16 PAH according to EPA and the content according to DIN 38409 H 13 (six compounds). The détection limits of the PAH lie in the range of 0.0001 pg/Nm3.
Table 2: Results of PAH measurements
| Parameter | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | |
| Crude gas | Clean gas | |
| [pg/Nm3] | [pg/Nm3] | |
| Naphthalene | 139 | 0.79 |
| Acenaphthylene | 27 | 0.052 |
| Acenaphtene | 1.1 | 0.011 |
| Fl u 0 rené | 4.4 | 0.046 |
| Phenanthrene | 27 | 0.40 |
| Anthracene | 2.0 | 0.012 |
| Fiuoranthene | 5.8 | 0.084 |
| Pyrene | 5.3 | 0.071 |
| Benz(a)anthracene | 0.56 | 0.007 |
| Chrysene | 0.95 | 0.011 |
| Benzo(b)fluoranthene | 0.69 | 0.0051 |
| Benzo(k)fluoranthene | 0.18 | 0.0011 |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | 0.26 | 0.0013 |
| Indeno( 1,2,3-c,d) pyrene | 0.31 | 0.0031 |
| Benzo(ghi )pery lene | 0.37 | 0.0024 |
| Dibenz(ac,ah)anthracene | 0.042 | 0.0002 |
| PAH (EPA) *> | 215 | 1.5 |
| PAH (DIN 38409 H13) b> | 7.6 | 0.10 |
The crude gas concentrations are referred to standard conditions (0°C, 1013 hPa) and dry waste gas.
a) PAH (EPA) sum of 16 investigated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
b) PAH (DIN 38409 H 13) sum ofthe following six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: iluoranthene (CtéHio), benzo(a)pyrene (C20H12), benzo(b)fluoranthene (C20H12), benzo(k)fluoranthene (C20H12), benzo(g,h,i)peryiene (C22H12), indeno(l,2,3-c,d)pyrene (C22H12)
The présent measurement results show that much lower values are found în the clean gas at the output from the processing system than in the rude gas at the input to the processing system. A distortion of the clean gas values by backflowing (lue gas from the area of connection of the clean gas line to the stack also appears to be probable.
Claims (1)
- Claims:Method for breakdown of toxic organic compounds contained in wastewaters and/or waste gases, characterized by the fact that the wastewaters and/or waste gases loaded with toxic organic compounds are first fed into an aqueous, basic, alkali/alkaline earth solution/suspension bath for destabîlîzation ofthe toxic organic compounds and that the solution/suspension bath containing the destabilized toxic organic compounds is then introduced in ascendîng fashion to a capillary mass arranged above it, formed from processed pulps and peat mixed with bentonite, zeolite and/or lime with a particle size <200 pm.Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that a peat layer îs arranged by the capillary mass.Methodaccording todaim I,characterized by the factthat refinerpulpsareused as process pulps in the capillary mass.Method according to claim I, characterized by the fact that the percentage ofbentonite, zeolite and/or lime referred to capillary mass is 0.3 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 1%.Method according to clatm 1, characterized by the fact that an aqueous homogeneous calcium sulfate solution basified with calcium hydroxide is used as solution/suspension bath.Method according to clatm 1 or 5, characterized by the fact that the alkali/alkaline earth solution/suspension bath has a pH value between 8 and 11, preferably between 8 and 9.Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the process température over al! process stages is I to 25°C, preferably 3 to 4°C.ιο8. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the method in ail process stages îs run at a partial vacuum from 0.2 to 0.8 bar, preferably 0.5 bar.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA205/2012 | 2012-02-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| OA17081A true OA17081A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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