OA16512A

OA16512A - 6-cyclobutyl-1,5-dihydro-pyrazolo[3,4D]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives and their use as PDE9A inhibitors.

Info

Publication number: OA16512A
Application number: OA1201300329
Authority: OA
Inventors: Niklas Heine; Riccardo Giovannini; Marco Ferrara
Original assignee: Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh
Priority date: 2011-02-14
Filing date: 2012-02-13
Publication date: 2015-10-21

Abstract

The invention relates to novel pyrazolopyrimidinones according to formula (I)

Description

Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH

6-Cycloalkyl-pyrazolopvrimidinones for the Treatment of CNS Disorders

The invention relates to novel pyrazolopyrimidinones according to formula (I)

O

R1 wherein R¹ is a pyridyl or pyrimidinyl group and D is optionally substituted cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl or 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl.

The new compounds are for use as the active entity of médicaments or for the manufacture of médicaments respectively, in particular médicaments for the treatment of conditions conceming déficits in perception, concentration, leaming or memory. Such conditions may for example be associated with Alzheîmer’s disease, schizophrenia and other diseases. The new compounds are also for example for the manufacture of médicaments and/or for use in the treatment of these diseases, in particular for cognitive impairment associated with such disease. The compounds of the invention show PDE9 inhibiting properties.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The inhibition of phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) is one of the current concepts to ftnd new access paths to the treatment of cognitive impairments due to CNS disorders like Alzheîmer’s disease, schizophrenia and other diseases or due to any other neurodegenerative process of the brain. With the present invention, new compounds that follow this concept are presented.

Phosphodiesterase 9A is one member of the wide family of phosphodiesterases. These enzymes moduiate the levels of the cyclic nucléotides 5'-3* cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 5'-3’ cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). These cyclic nucléotides (cAMP and cGMP) are important second messengers and therefore play a central rôle in cellular signal transduction cascades. Each of them réactivâtes inter alia, but not exclusively, protein kinases. The protein kinase activated by cAMP is called protein kinase A (PKA) and the protein kinase activated by cGMP is called protein kinase G (PKG). Activated PKA and PKG are able in tum to phosphorylate a number of cellular effector proteins (e.g. ion channels, G-protein-coupled receptors, structural proteins, transcription factors). It is possible in this way for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP to control a wide variety of physiological processes in a wide variety of organs. However, the cyclic nucléotides are also able to act directly on effector molécules. Thus, it is known, for example, that cGMP is able to act directly on ion channels and thus is able to influence the cellular ion concentration (review in: Wei et al., Prog. Neurobiol., 1998,56, 37-64). The phosphodiesterases (PDE) are a control mechanism for the activity of cAMP and cGMP and thus in tum for the corresponding physiological processes. PDEs hydrolyse the cyclic monophosphates to the inactive monophosphates AMP and GMP. Currently, 11 PDE familles hâve been defined on the basis of the sequence homology of the corresponding genes. Individual PDE genes within a family are differentiated by letters (e.g. PDE1A and PDE1 B). If different splice variants within a gene also occur, then this is indîcated by an additional numbering after the letters (e.g. PDE1AI).

Human PDE9A was cloned and sequenced in 1998. The amino acid identity with other PDEs does not exceed 34% (PDE8A) and is never less than 28% (PDE5A). With a Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of 170 nanomolar (nM), PDE9A has high affinity for cGMP. In addition, PDE9A is sélective for cGMP (Km for cAMP=230 micromolar (μΜ)), PDE9A has no cGMP binding domain, suggesting that the enzyme activity is not régulât ed by cGMP. It was shown in a Western blot analysis that PDE9A is expressed in humans inter alia in testes, brain, small intestine, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, thymus and spleen. The highest expression was found in the brain, small intestine, kidney, prostate, colon and spleen (Fisher et al., J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273 (25), 15559-15564; Wang et al., Gene, 2003,314, 15-27). The gene for human PDE9A is located on chromosome 21q22.3 and comprises 21 exons. 4 alternative splice variants of PDE9A hâve been identifîed (Guipponi étal., Hum. Genet., 1998,103, 386-392). Classical PDE inhibitors do not â/

-216512 inhibit human PDE9A, Thus, IBMX, dipyridamole, SKF94120, roiipram and vinpocetine show no inhibition on the isolated enzyme in concentrations of up to 100 micromolar (μΜ). An IC50 of 35 micromolar (μΜ) has been demonstrated for zaprinast (Fisher et al.,

J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273 (25), 15559-15564).

Murine PDE9A was cloned and sequenced in 1998 by Soderling et al. (J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273 (19), 15553-15558). This has, like the human form, high affinity for cGMP with a Km of 70 nanomolar (nM). Particularly high expression was found in the mouse kidney, brain, lung and liver. Murine PDE9A is not inhibited by IBMX in concentrations below 200 micromolar either; the IC50 for zaprinast is 29 micromolar (Soderling et al., J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273 (19), 15553-15558). It has been found that PDE9A is strongly expressed in some régions of the rat brain. These include olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cortex, basal ganglia and basal forebrain (Andreeva et al., J. Neurosci., 2001,21 (22), 9068-9076), The hippocampus, cortex and basal forebrain in particular play an important rôle in leaming and memory processes.

As already mentioned above, PDE9A is distinguished by having particularly high affinity for cGMP. PDE9A is therefore active even at low physiological concentrations, in contrast to PDE2A (Km=10 micromolar (μΜ); Martins et al., J. Biol. Chem., 1982,257,19731979), PDE5A (KmM micromolar (μΜ); Francis et al., J. Biol. Chem., 1980, 255, 620626), PDE6A (Km=17 micromolar (μΜ); Gillespie and Beavo, J. Biol. Chem., 1988, 263 (17), 8133-8141) and PDE1 IA (Km=0.52 micromolar (μΜ); Fawcett et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 2000, 97 (7), 3702-3707). In contrast to PDE2A (Murashima et al., Biochemistry, 1990, 29, 5285-5292), the catalytic activity of PDE9A is not increased by cGMP because it has no GAF domain (cGMP-binding domain via which the PDE activity is allosterically increased) (Beavo et al., Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 2000,12, 174179). PDE9A inhibitors may therefore lead to an increase in the baseline cGMP concentration.

This outline will make it évident that PDE9A engages into spécifie physiological processes in a characteristic and unique manner, which distinguishes the rôle of PDE9A characteristically from any of the other PDE family members.

WO 2004/099210 discloses 6-aryl methyl-substituted pyrazolopyrimidinones which are PDE9 inhibitors. vA”

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WO 2004/099211 discloses 6-cyclylmethyl- and 6-alkylmethyl-substituted pyrazolopyrimidines and their use for the improvement of cognition, concentration etc..

DE 102 38 722 discloses the use of PDE9A-inhibitors for the improvement of cognition, concentration.

WO 2004/018474 discloses phenyl-substituted pyrazolopyrimidines and their use for the improvement of perception, concentration leaming and/or memory.

WO 2004/026876 discloses alkyl-substituted pyrazolopyrimidines which and their use for the improvement of awareness, concentration leaming capacity and/or memory performance.

WO 2004/096811 discloses heterocyclic bicycles as PDE9 inhibîtors for the treatment of dîabetes, including type 1 and type 2 diabètes, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolérance, metabolic syndrome and/or cardiovascular disease.

W02009068617 discloses PDE9 inhibiting compounds derived from pyrazolopyrimidinones with a substituted phenylmethyl- or pyridyl-methyl group in the 6position.

WO2010112437 discloses PDE9 inhibiting compounds derived from pyrazolopyrimidinones with a phenyl or heteroaryl substituted arylmethyl- or heteroarylmethyl group in the 6-position.

WO 2009/121919 discloses PDE9 inhibîtors derived from pyrazolopyrimidinones with a non-aromatic heterocyclyl group in the 1-position, among which is tetrahydropyranyl. WO 2010/026214 discloses PDE9 inhibîtors derived from pyrazolopyrimidinones with a cycloalkyl or a cycloalkenyl group in the 1-position, among which is 4,4difluorocyclohexyl.

Some prior art is directed to chemically nucleoside dérivatives. As examples it is referred to WO 2002/057425, which discloses nucleoside dérivatives, which are inhibîtors of RNA-dependent RNA viral polymerase, or WO 2001/060315, which discloses nucleoside dérivatives for the treatment of hepatitis C infection or EP679657, which discloses compounds that serve as ribonucleoside analogues or US2002058635, which discloses purine L-nucleoside compounds, in which both the purine rings and the carbohydrate ring (pentose ring) are either modified, functionalized, or both. So the carbohydrate ring for example must show at least one esterified hydroxy group. y/

-416512

WO 2005/051944 discloses oxetane-containing nucleosides, for the treatment of nucleoside analogue related disorders such as disorders involvîng cellular prolifération and infection.

WO 2006/084281 discloses inhibitors of the El activation enzyme that have a sulfonamide moiety.

WO 1998/40384 discloses pyrazolopyrimidinones which are PDE1, 2 and 5 inhibitors and can be employed for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders and disorders of the urogénital system.

CH396 924, CH396 925, CH396 926, CH396 927, DE1147234, DE1149013, describe pyrazolopyrimidines which have a coronary-dilating effect and which can be employed for the treatment of disturbances of myocardial blood flow.

US3732225 describes pyrazolopyrimidines which have an anti-inflammatory and blood glucose-lowering effect.

DE2408906 describes styrylpyrazoiopyrimidinones which can be employed as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of, for example, oedema.

OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION

Changes in the substitution pattern of pyrazolopyrimidinones resuit in interesting changes conceming biological activity, respectively changes in the affinity towards different target enzymes.

Therefore it is an objective of the présent invention to provide compounds as herein described, in particular in the claims, that effectively moduiate PDE9A for the purpose of the development of a médicament, in particular in view of diseases or conditions, the treatment of which is accessible via PDE9A modulation.

It is another objective of the présent invention to provide compounds that are useful for the manufacture of a médicament for the treatment of CNS disorders.

Yet another objective of the présent invention is to provide compounds which show a favourable safety profile,

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Another objective of the présent invention is to provide compounds that hâve a favourable selectively profile in favour of PDE9A inhibition over other PDE family members and other pharmacological targets and by this may provide an advantage.

Yet another objective is to provide a médicament that may not only serve for treatment but might also be used for the prévention or modification of the corresponding disease or condition.

The présent invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as herein described, in particular in the claims and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The présent invention further provides a method for the treatment of any of the conditions as described herein in a mammal in need of such treatment, preferably a human, comprising administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as herein described, in particular in the claims.

The présent invention further provides a compound as herein described, in particular in the claims, for use in a method of treatment of the human or animal body by therapy.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

Embodiment 1 of the présent invention:

A compound of the présent invention which is characterised by general formula (I):

wherein the compound is selected from the group of Ά/

-616512

-7 16512

-816512

and salts, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Through the above group of compounds R¹ and D are defined.

For ail exemplified compounds: the configuration of the cycloalkyl group at position 6 of the pyrazolopyrimidinones group with respect to said pyrazolopyrimidinones group and the substituent R¹ may be cis or trans.

In this respect the compounds of the invention may hâve the following configurations:

trans configuration 1

trans configuration 2

-916512

^H 1	aa N LL ^z \|	A	rA N il / \|
R	D	M	D
R¹		R¹

cis configuration 1	cis configuration 2
aA H 1 rW	<A N LL / I	-A	Q \|
A/	D	A	D
R¹		R¹

whereby R¹ and D are defined as above.

These stereochemically defined embodiments are a further aspect of the invention.

The following table 1 gives an overview about the above listed compounds of the invention, whereby compounds with the same defintion of R¹, R², m, n and D are allocated into compound family groups, which is the group of compounds that have the same general chemical structural formula if no stereochemical properties are considered. 10 Members of these compound families are exemplified in the section Exemplary embodiments.

Table 1:

- 1015

Boehringer Ingelheim

P01-2xxx-Prio

-- 11 -16512

-1216512

and salts, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, solvatés thereof and the solvatés of the aforementioned salts thereof.

Within the said group of compounds, compounds that show t/ans configuration with respect to the substitution at the cyclobutyl-group may be preferred over compounds with cis configuration. Of the possible trans configured compounds one thereof may show

- 13 16512 advantages in efficacy. The more efficacious a compound the more it is among the preferred compounds. Another criterion which may differentiate preferred compounds according to the invention is the balance of efficacy and safety, such as for example selectivity vs. other PDE family members such as PDE1C.

For one pair of trans configured compounds according to the experimental part a single crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that the absolute stereochemistry of the compound which showed lower efficacy than its enantiomer is R,R. As a conséquence thereof absolute stereochemistry of the compound with the higher efficacy is S,S.

For said compound the S,S-configuration is represented by the following structure O

N according to general formula (lid): ^R

In analogy, one may assume that among the compounds of the invention, such compounds that show the same absolute stereochemistry might be the more active ones compared with the other members of the same compound family. According to the présent invention, within the same compound family the more active compounds are preferred over the less active compounds. The compound family is the group of compounds that differ in their chemical structure only with regard to stereochemical properties.

The different stereoisomers are subject to individual embodiments according to the invention:

Further embodiments of the invention:

Embodiment 2 of the présent invention concerns the compounds according to embodiment l of the présent invention which show the following stereochemical properties according to formula (Ha)

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(Ha).

Embodiment 3 of the présent invention concerns a compound according to embodiment l of the présent invention, whereby the compound shows the following stereochemical properties according to formula (Hb)

(Ilb).

Embodiment 4 of the présent invention concerns a compound according to embodiment l of the présent invention, whereby the compound shows the following stereochemical properties according to formula (Ile)

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Embodiment 5 of the présent invention concems a compound according to embodiment l of the présent invention, whereby the compound shows the following stereochemical properties according to formula (lid)

(Hd).

TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Terms not specifically defined herein should be given the meanings that would be given to them by a person skilled in the art in Iight of the disclosure and the context. Examples include that spécifie substituents or atoms are presented with their l or 2 letter code, like H for hydrogen, N for nitrogen, C for carbon, O for oxygen, S for sulphur and the like.

As used in the spécification, unless specified to the contrary, the following terms hâve the meaning indicated and the following conventions are adhered to.

Unless otherwise specified below, conventional définitions of terms control and conventional stable atom valences are presumed and achieved in ail formulas and groups.

In general, if terms are specifically defined with a given context, such spécifie définitions shall prevail over the more general définitions as outlined in this paragraph.

In general, ail “tautomeric forms and isomeric forms and mixtures”, whether individual géométrie isomers or optical isomers or racemic or non-racemic mixtures of isomers, of a chemical structure or compound are intended, unless the spécifie yy/-’'

- 1616512 stereochemistry or isomeric form is specifically indicated in the compound name or structure. Spécifie définitions prevail.

The phrase pharmaceutically acceptable is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings or as the case may be of animais without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergie response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) of the compounds according to the invention are subject of the présent invention as well. The term pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) refers to dérivatives of the disclosed compounds wherein the parent compound is modified by making acid or base salts thereof, preferably addition salts. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, minerai or organic acid salts of basic residues/parts of the compounds of the présent invention such as aminofiinctions; acidic residues/parts within compounds of the présent invention may form salts with alkali or organic bases. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the conventional non-toxic salts or the quatemary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, for example, from non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. For example, such conventional non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and the like; and the salts prepared fforn organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, glycolic acid, stearic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartane acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, pamoic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, phenylacetic acid, glutamic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, sulfanilic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, fumaric acid, toluenesulfonîc acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethane disulfonic acid, oxalic acid, isethionic acid and the like.

Physiologically acceptable salts with bases also may include salts with conventional bases such as, by way of example and preferably, alkali métal salts (e.g. sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth métal salts (e.g. calcium and magnésium salts) and ammonia, organic amines having 1 to 16 C atoms, such as, by way of example and preferably, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triéthanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, dimethylaminoethanoi, procaine, dibenzylamine, N- 1716512 methyl-morpholine, dehydroabietylamine, arginine, lysine, ethylenediamine and methylpiperidine and the like.

The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the présent invention can be synthesized from the parent compound with basic or acidic properties by conventional chemical methods. Generally, such salts can be prepared by reacting the free acid or base form of these compounds with a stoichiometric amount of the appropriate base or acid in water or in an organic solvent, or in a mixture of the two; generally, non-aqueous media like ether, ethyl acetate, éthanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile are preferred.

A “Prodrug” is considered a compound that is designed to release a biologically active compound according to the présent invention in-vivo when such prodrug is administered to a mammalian subject. Prodrugs of compounds according to the présent invention are prepared by modifying functional groups présent in the compound of the invention in such a way that these modifications are retransformed to the original functional groups under physiological conditions. It will be appreciated that prodrugs of the compounds according to the présent inventions are subject to the présent invention as well.

“Métabolites” are considered dérivatives of the compounds according to the présent invention that are formed in-vivo. Active métabolites are such métabolites that cause a pharmacological effect. It will be appreciated that métabolites of the compounds according to the présent inventions are subject to the présent invention as well, in particular active métabolites.

Some of the compounds may form “solvatés”. For the purposes of the invention the term “solvatés” refers to those forms of the compounds which form, in the solid or liquid state, a complex by coordination with solvent molécules. Hydrates are a spécifie form of solvatés in which the coordination takes place with water. According to the présent invention, the term preferably is used for solid solvatés, such as amorphous or more preferably crystalline solvatés. . ✓—

- 1816512 “Scaffold”: The scaffold of the compounds according to the présent invention is represented by the foliowing core structure. The numération of the positions of the ring member atoms is indicated in bold:

It will be évident for the skilled person in the art, that this scaffold can be described by its tautomeric “enol” form

In the context of the présent invention both structural représentations of the scaffold shall be considered the subject of the présent invention, even if only one of the two représentatives is presented. Without meant to be limiting or bound, it is believed that for the majority of compounds under ambient conditions and therewith under conditions which are the relevant conditions for a pharmaceutical composition comprising said compounds, the equilibrium of the tautomeric forms lies on the side of the pyrazolopyrimdin-4-one représentation. Therefore, ail embodiments are presented as pyrazolopyrimdin-4-one-derivatives or more precisely as pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one dérivatives.

Expressions like prévention, prophylaxis, prophylactic treatment or préventive treatment used herein should be understood synonymous and in the sense that the risk to develop a condition mentioned hereinbefore is reduced, especially in a patient having

- 1916512 elevated risk for said conditions or a corresponding anamnesis. Thus the expression prévention of a disease as used herein means the management and care of an individual at risk of developing the disease prior to the clinical onset of the disease. The purpose of prévention is to combat the development of the disease, condition or disorder and includes the administration of the active compounds to prevent or delay the onset of the symptoms or complications and to prevent or delay the development of related diseases, conditions or disorders. Success of said préventive treatment is reflected statistically by reduced incidence of said condition within a patient population at risk for this condition in comparison to an équivalent patient population without préventive treatment.

The expression treatment or therapy preferably means therapeutic treatment of (e.g. preferably human) patients having already developed one or more of said conditions in manifest, acute or chronic form, including symptomatic treatment in order to relieve symptoms of the spécifie indication or causal treatment in order to reverse or partially reverse the condition or to delay the progression of the indication as far as this may be possible, depending on the condition and the severity thereof. Thus the expression treatment of a disease as used herein means the management and care of a patient having developed the disease, condition or disorder. The purpose of treatment is to combat the disease, condition, disorder or a symptom thereof. Treatment includes the administration of the active compounds to eliminate or control the disease, condition or disorder as well as to alleviate the symptoms or complications associated with the disease, condition or disorder.

The following schemes shall îllustrate generally how to manufacture the compounds of the présent invention by way of example. The abbreviated substituents may be as defined for the embodiments of formula (I) if not defined otherwise within the context of the schemes:

-2016512

Scheme 1

9^C2^H5	nh₇	Et,N/EtOH
NC^	HN
T CN	1 D	heat

-21 Scheme 1: In a first step 2-ethoxymethylene-malononitrile is condensed with mono5 substituted hydrazines by heating in an appropriate solvent like éthanol in the presence of a base (e.g. triethylamine) to form the corresponding 5-amino-lH-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles.

These compounds are converted in a second step to the corresponding amides, e.g. by treatment of an ethanolic solution with ammonia (25 % in water) and hydrogen peroxide (35% in water). 4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl substituted nitriles can be synthesized from dinitriles by heating under basic conditions (e.g. sodium hydride in éthanol) in the third step. The nitrile functional group is further converted to heteroaryl substituents as described in Scheme 2 yielding pyrazoIo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones as final products. [cf., for example, A. Miyashita et al., Heterocycles 1990,31,1309ff],

Scheme 2

1.) acetyl chloride,

2.) ammonia, methanol éthanol or hydrochloric acid, éthanol

with

R^x = Me, Et

Ry = NC-, F₃C-,

HF₂C-, fh₂c-, methyl, HScheme 2: 4-Oxo-4,5-dihydro-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl substituted nitrîles are mixed with methanol and treated with acetylchloride or, altematively, mixed with a 10 saturated solution of hydrochloric acid in éthanol. The intermediates are treated in a second step with a solution of ammonia in methanol to form the corresponding amidines.

Reaction with a 1,1,3,3-tetraalkoxypropane yields pyrimidin-2-yl substituted pyrazolo[3,4-

d]pyrimidin-4-ones as final products.

Further alternative processes for preparing pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones are known in the art and can likewise be employed for synthesizing the compounds of the invention (see, for example: P. Schmidt étal,, Helvetica Chimica Acta 1962,189, 1620ff.).

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Scheme 3

is cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl optionally substited as defined in formula (I). Consequently, n = 1 or 2

Scheme 3: The mono-substituted hydrazine dérivatives, that are used in step 1 of scheme 1 can be prepared by reductive amination of a ketone with hydrazinecarboxylic acid tert-butyl ester followed by a deprotection step as shown in scheme 3 for an D being cyclopentyl or 10 cyclohexyl as defined in general formula (I) [cf., for example, J.W. Tiinberlake et al., “Chemistry of Hydrazo-, Azo- and Azoxy Groups; Patai, S., Ed.; 1975, Chapter 4; S. C.

Hung et al., Journal of Organic Chemistry 1981, 46, 5413-5414].

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Scheme 4

N

NH₃, HjQa

EtOH/H₂O

Scheme 4: As described ΐη scheme l, in a first step 2-ethoxymethylene-malononîtrile is condensed with mono-substituted hydrazines by heating in an appropriate solvent like éthanol in the presence of a base (e.g· triethylamine) to form the corresponding 5-aminolH-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles. These compounds are converted in a second step to the corresponding amides, e.g. by treatment of an ethanolic solution with ammonia (25 % in water) and hydrogen peroxide (35 % m water). In a third step, heating with R and R substituted cyclobutyl or cyclopentyl carboxylic acid ester under basic conditions (e.g. sodium hydride in éthanol) leads to the final pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones as final products. [cf., for example, A. Miyashita et al., Heterocycles 1990, 31, 1309ff]. This procedure is described in more detail for R¹ being pyridyl in the experimental section (examples 29 to 34).

Further information also can be found in:

WO 2004/099210 (in particular page 9, last paragraph to page 14, line 8, incorporated by reference), .

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- with respect to the general manufacture of compounds with D being tetrahydropyranyl more information can be found in W02009/121919, particularîy on page 120 to 125 and the experimental part thereof (herewith incorporated by reference),

- with respect to D being 4,4-difluorocyclohexyl more information can be found in WO 2010/026214, particularîy on page 59 to 63 and the experimental part thereof (herewith incorporated by reference), and in the experimental part (exemplary embodiments) of this description. The letter in particular with respect to the manufacture of the two building blocks:

OH and

METHOD OF TREAMENT

The présent invention refers to compounds, which are considered effective in the treatment of diseases. The compounds according to the invention are effective and sélective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 9A and can be used for the development of médicaments. Such médicaments shall preferably be used for the treatment of diseases in which the inhibition of PDE9A can provide a therapeutic, prophylactic or disease modifying effect. Preferably the médicaments shall be used to improve perception, concentration, cognition, leaming or memory, like those occurring in particular in situations/diseases/syndromes such as:

mild cognitive impairment, age-associated leaming and memory impairments, ageassociated memory losses, vascular dementia, craniocerebral trauma, stroke, dementia occurring after strokes (post stroke dementia), post-traumatic dementia, general concentration impairments, concentration impairments in children with leaming and memory problems, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, dementia with degeneration of the frontal lobes, including Pick's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, progressive nuclear ~~

-2516512 palsy, dementia with corticobasal degeneration, amyotropic latéral sclerosis (ALS),

Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, thalamic degeneration, Creutzfeld-Jacob dementia, HIV dementia, epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy, schizophrenia, schizophrenia (with dementia), Korsakoffs psychosis or cognitive impairment associated with dépréssion or bipolar disorder.

Another aspect of the présent invention may concem the treatment of a disease which is accessible by PDE9A modulation, in particular sleep disorders like insomnia or narcolepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabètes mellitus, including type l or type 2 diabètes, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolérance, or a disease of the testes, brain, small intestine, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, thymus or spleen.

Thus the medical aspect of the présent invention can be summarised in that it is considered that a compound according to formula (1) or (II) as herein defined, in particular the specifically defined species compounds is used as a médicament.

Such a médicament preferably is for the use in a method for the treatment of a CNS disease.

In an alternative use, the médicament is for the use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method, for the treatment of a CNS disease, the treatment of which is accessible by the inhibition of PDE9.

In an alternative use, the médicament is for the use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method, for the treatment of a disease that is accessible by the inhibition of PDE9, specifically PDE9A.

In the most preferred alternative use, the médicament is for the use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method, for the treatment, amelioration and / or prévention of cognitive impairment being related to perception, concentration, cognition, Ieaming or memory, preferably if such cognitive impairment is associated with a disease or condition as described in this section.

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In an alternative use, the médicament is for the use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method, for the treatment or the amelioration or prévention of cognitive impairment being related to age-associated leaming and memory impaîrments, age-associated memory losses, vascular dementia, craniocerebral trauma, stroke, dementia occurring after strokes (post stroke dementia), post-traumatic dementia, general concentration impaîrments, concentration impaîrments in children with leaming and memory problems, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, dementia with degeneration of the frontal lobes, including Pick's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, progressive nuclear palsy, dementia with corticobasal degeneration, amyotropic latéral scierosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, thalamic degeneration, Creutzfeld-Jacob dementia, HIV dementia, epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy, schizophrenia, schizophrenia (with dementia), Korsakoffs psychosis or cognitive impairment associated with dépression or bipolar disorder.

In an alternative use, the médicament is for the use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method, for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia or cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer’s disease or associated with schizophrenia.

In an alternative use, the médicament is for the use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method, for the treatment of sleep disorders, bipolar disorder, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabètes mellitus, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolérance, or a disease of the testes, brain, small intestine, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, thymus or spleen.

In a further aspect of the invention, the présent invention relates to the method of treatment or prévention of a condition or disease selected from the above listed groups of conditions and diseases, whereby the method comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to the invention in a human being in need thereof.

Another aspect of the invention concerns the compounds of the inventions for use as a médicament in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method. If indicated the therapeutic method or the médicament is preferably for the treatment of a

-2716512 condition or a disease selected from the group of conditions or a diseases as outlined above in this section which is entitled “METHOD OF TREATMENT”.

PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS

Médicaments for administration, which are also subject to the présent invention, comprise

- a compound according to the présent invention as a or the pharmaceutically active ingrédient in a therapeutically effective amount and

- a pharmaceutical carrier.

By therapeutically effective amount it is meant that îf the médicament is applied via the appropriate regimen adapted to the patient’s condition, the amount of said compound of formula (I) will be sufficient to effectively treat, to prevent or to decelerate the progression of the corresponding disease, or otherwise to ameliorate the state of a patient suffering from such a disease. It may be the case that the therapeutically effective amount in a mono-therapy will differ from the therapeutically effective amount in a combination therapy with another médicament.

The dose range of the compounds of general formula (I) applicable per day may be usually from O.l to 5000 mg, preferably from 0.1 to 1000 mg, preferably from 2 to 500 mg, more preferably from 5 to 250 mg, most preferably from 10 to 100 mg. A dosage unit (e.g. a tablet) preferably may contain between 2 and 250 mg, particularly preferably between 10 and 100 mg of the compounds according to the invention.

The actual pharmaceutically effective amount or therapeutic dosage will dépend on factors known by those skilled in the art such as âge, weight, gender or other condition ofthe patient, route of administration, severity of disease and the like.

The compounds according to the invention may be administered b y oral, parentéral (intravenous, intramuscular etc.), intranasal, sublingual, inhalative, intrathecal, topical or rectal route. Suitable préparations for administering the compounds according to the présent invention include for example patches, tablets, capsules, pills, pellets, dragees, powders, troches, suppositories, liquid préparations such as solutions, suspensions, émulsions, drops, syrups, élixirs, or gaseous préparations such as aérosols, sprays and the like. The content of the pharmaceutically active compound(s) should be in the range from

-28 16512

0.05 to 90 wt.-%, preferably O.l to 50 wt.-% of the composition as a whole. Suitable tablets may be obtained, for example, by mixing the active substance(s) with known excipients, for example inert diluents such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or lactose, disintegrants such as com starch or alginic acid, bînders such as starch or gélatine, 5 lubricants such as magnésium stéarate or talc and/or agents for delaying release, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, or polyvinyl acetate. The tablets may also comprise several layers.

Coated tablets may be prepared accordingly by coating cores produced analogously to the tablets with substances normally used for tablet coatings, for example collidone or shellac, gum arable, talc, titanium dioxide or sugar. To achieve delayed release or prevent incompatibilities the core may also consist of a number of layers. Similarly the tablet coating may consist of a number of layers to achieve delayed release, possibly using the excipients mentioned above for the tablets.

Syrups or élixirs containing the active substances or combinations thereof according to the invention may additionally contain a sweetener such as saccharine, cyclamate, glycerol or sugar and a flavour enhancer, e.g. a flavourîng such as vanillin or orange extract. They may also contain suspension adjuvants or thickeners such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wetting agents such as, for example, condensation products of fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide, or preservatives such as p-hydroxybenzoates.

Solutions may be prepared in the usual way, e.g. with the addition of isotonie agents, preservatives such as p-hydroxybenzoates or stabilisers such as alkali métal salts of ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid, optionally using emulsifiers and/or dispersants, while if water shall be used as diluent, for example, organic solvents may optionally be used as solubilisers or dissolving aids and the solutions may be transferred into injection vials or ampoules or infusion bottles.

Capsules containing one or more active substances or combinations of active substances may for example be prepared by mixing the active substances with inert carriers such as lactose or sorbitol and packing them into gélatine capsules,

-2916512

Suitable suppositories may be made for example by mixing with carriers provided for this purpose, such as neutral fats or polyethyleneglycol or the dérivatives thereof.

Excipients which may be used include, for example, water, pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvents such as paraffins (e.g. petroleum fractions), vegetable oils (e.g. groundnut or sesame oil), mono- or polyfunctional alcohols (e.g. éthanol or glycerol), carriers such as e.g. natural minerai powders (e.g. kaolins, clays, talc, chalk), synthetic minerai powders (e.g. highly dispersed silicic acid and silicates), sugars (e.g. cane sugar, lactose and glucose), emulsifiers (e.g. lignin, spent sulphite liquors, methylcellulose, starch and polyvinylpyrrolidone) and lubricants (e.g. magnésium stéarate, talc, stearic acid and sodium lauryl sulphate).

For oral use the tablets may contain, in addition to the carriers specified, additives such as sodium citrate, calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate together with various additional substances such as starch, preferably potato starch, gélatine and the like. Lubricants such as magnésium stéarate, sodium laurylsulphate and talc may also be used to produce the tablets. In the case of aqueous suspensions the active substances may be combined with various flavour enhancers or colourings in addition to the abovementîoned excipients.

The dosage of the compounds according to the invention is naturally highly dépendent on the method of administration and the complaint which is being treated.

COMBINATIONS WITH OTHER ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

In another aspect the présent invention relates to a combination therapy in which a compound according to the présent invention is administered together with another active compound. Accordingly, the invention also refers to pharmaceutical formulations that provide such a combination of pharmaceutically active ingrédients, whereby one of which is a compound of the présent invention. Such combinations may be fixed dose combinations (the pharmaceutically active ingrédients that are to be combined are subject of the same pharmaceutical formulation) or free dose combinations (the pharmaceutically active ingrédients are in separate pharmaceutical formulations),

-3016512

Consequently, a further aspect of the présent invention refers to a combination of each of the compounds of the présent invention, preferably at least one compound according to the présent invention, with another active compound for example selected from the group of beta-secretase inhibîtors; gamma-secretase inhibîtors; gamma-secretase modulators; amyloid aggregation inhibîtors such as e.g. alzhemed; directly or indirectly acting neuroprotective and/or disease-modifying substances; anti-oxidants, such as e.g. vitamin E , ginko biloba or ginkolide; anti-inflammatory substances, such as e.g. Cox inhibîtors, NSAIDs additionally or exclusively having AB (Abeta) lowering properties; HMG-CoA reductase inhibîtors, such as statins; acétylcholine esterase inhibîtors, such as donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, galantamine; NMDA receptor antagonists such as e.g. memantine; AMPA receptor agonists; AMPA receptor positive modulators, AMPkines, glycine transporter 1 inhibîtors; monoamine receptor reuptake inhibîtors; substances modulating the concentration or release of neurotransmitters; substances inducing the sécrétion of growth hormone such as ibutamoren mesylate and capromorelin; CB-1 receptor antagonists or inverse agonists; antibiotics such as minocyclin or rifampicin; PDE1, PDE2, PDE4, PDE5 and / or PDE10 inhibîtors, GABAA receptor inverse agonists; GABAA alpha5 receptor inverse agonists; GABAA receptor antagonists; nicotinic receptor agonists or partial agonists or positive modulators; alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor agonists or partial agonists or positive modulators; alpha7 nicotinic receptor agonists or partial agonists; histamine receptor H3 antagonists; 5-HT4 receptor agonists or partial agonists; 5-HT6 receptor antagonists; alpha2-adrenoreceptor antagonists, calcium antagonists; muscarinic receptor Ml agonists or partial agonists or positive modulators; muscarinic receptor M2 antagonists; muscarinic receptor M4 antagonists; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 positive allosteric modulators; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 antagonists; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 agonists; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 positive allosteric modulators and other substances that modulate receptors or enzymes in a manner such that the efïicacy and/or safety of the compounds according to the invention is increased and/or unwanted side effects are reduced.

This invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more, preferably one active substance. At least one active substance is selected from the compounds according to the invention and/or the corresponding salts thereof. Preferably the composition comprises only one such active compound. In case of more than one

-31 16512 active compound the other one can be selected from the aforementioned group of combination partners such as alzhemed, vitamin E, ginkolide, donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, galantamine, memantine, ibutamoren mesylate, capromorelin, minocyclin and/or rifampicin. Optionally the composition comprises further ingrédients such as inert carriers and/or diluents.

The compounds according to the invention may also be used in combination with immunothérapies such as e.g. active immunisation with Abeta or parts thereof or passive immunisation with humanised anti-Abeta antibodies or antibody fragments for the treatment of the above mentioned diseases and conditions.

The compounds according to the invention also may be combined with Dimebon.

The compounds according to the invention also may be combined with antidepressants like amitriptyline imipramine hydrochloride (TOFRANIL), imipramine maleate (SURMONTIL), lofepramine, desipramine (NORPRAMIN), doxepîn (SINEQUAN, ZONALON), trimipramine (SURMONTIL).

Or the compounds according to the invention also may be combined with serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors such as alaproclate, citaiopram (CELEXA, C1PRAMIL) escitalopram (LEXAPRO, CIPRALEX), clomipramine (ANAFRANIL), duloxetine (CYMBALTA), femoxetine (MALEXIL), fenfluramine (POND1MIN), norfenfluramine, fluoxetine (PROZAC), fluvoxamine (LUVOX), indalpine, milnacipran (IXEL), paroxetine (PAXIL, SEROXAT), sertraline (ZOLOFT, LUSTRAL), trazodone (DESYREL, MOLIPAXIN), venlafaxine (EFFEXOR), zimelidine (NORMUD, ZELMID), bicifadine, desvenlafaxine (PRISTIQ), brasofensme and tesofensine.

The combinations according to the présent invention may be provided simultaneously in one and the same dosage form, i.e. in form of a combination préparation, for example the two components may be incorporated in one tablet, e. g. in different layers of said tablet. The combination may be also provided separately, in form of a free combination, i.e. the compounds of the présent invention are provided ΐη one dosage form and one or more of the above mentioned combination partners is provided in another dosage form. These two dosage forms may be equal dosage forms, for example a co-administration of two tablets,

-3216512 one containing a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of the présent invention and one containing a therapeutically effective amount of the above mentioned combination partner. It is also possible to combine different administration forms, if desired. Any type of suitable administration forms may be provided.

The compound according to the invention, or a physiologically acceptable sait thereof, in combination with another active substance may be used simultaneously or at staggered times, but particularly close together in time. If administered simultaneously, the two active substances are given to the patient together; if administered at staggered times the two active substances are given to the patient successively within a period of less than or equal to 12, particularly less than or equal to 6 hours.

The dosage or administration forms are not limited, in the context of the présent invention any suitable dosage form may be used. For example, the dosage forms may be selected from solid préparations such as patches, tablets, capsules, pills, pellets, dragees, powders, troches, suppositories, liquid préparations such as solutions, suspensions, émulsions, drops, syrups, élixirs, or gaseous préparations such as aérosols, sprays and the like.

The dosage forms are advantageously formulated in dosage units, each dosage unit being adapted to supply a single dose of each active component being présent. Depending from the administration route and dosage form the ingrédients are selected accordingly.

The dosage for the above-mentioned combination partners may be expediently 1/5 of the normally recommended lowest dose up to 1/1 of the normally recommended dose.

The dosage forms are administered to the patient for example 1,2, 3, or 4 times daily depending on the nature of the formulation. In case of retarding or extended release formulations or other pharmaceutical formulations, the same may be applied differently (e.g. once weekly or monthly etc.). It is preferred that the compounds of the invention be administered either three or fewer times, more preferably once or twice daily.

EXAMPLES

-3316512

PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS

Examples which might illustrate possible pharmaceutical formulations, without being meant to be limiting:

The term active substance dénotés one or more compounds according to the invention including the salts thereof. In the case of one of the aforementioned combinations with one or more other active substances the term active substance may also include the additional active substances.

Example A

Tablets containing 100 mg of active substance

Composition: tablet

active substance	100.0 mg
lactose	80.0 mg
com starch	34.0 mg
polyvinylpyrrolidone	4.0 mg
magnésium stéarate	2.0 mg
	220.0 mg

Example B

Tablets containing 150 mg of active substance

Composition: tablet active substance powdered lactose corn starch colloïdal silica

150.0 mg

89.0 mg

40.0 mg

10.0 mg

-3416512 polyvinylpyrrolidone magnésium stéarate

10.0 mg

l.O mg

300.0 mg

Example C

Hard gélatine capsules containing 150 mg of active substance active substance 150.0 mg

lactose	87.0 mg
com starch (dried) magnésium stéarate	80.0 mg 3.0 mg

320.0 mg

Example D

Composition: suppository active substance 150.0 mg polyethyleneglycol 1500 550.0 mg polyethyleneglycol 6000 460.0 mg polyoxyethylene sorbitan 840.0 mg monostearate

2000.0 mg

Example E

Composition: ampoules containing 10 mg active substance active substance 10.0 mg

0.01 N hydrochloric acid q.s. double-distilled water ad

2.0 mL

-3516512

Example F

Composition: ampoules containing 50 mg of active substance active substance 50.0 mg

0.01 N hydrochloric acid q,s.

double-distilled water ad lO.OmL

The préparation of any the above mentioned formulations can be done following standard procedures.

BIOLOGICAL ASSAY

The in-vitro effect of the compounds of the invention can be shown with the following biological assays.

PDE9A2 assay protocol:

The PDE9A2 enzymatic activity assay was run as scintillation proxîmity assay (SPA), in general according to the protocol of the manufacturer (GE Healthcare, former Amersham Biosciences, product number: TRKQ 7100).

As enzyme source, lysate (P B S with 1 % Triton X-100 supplemented with protease inhibitors, cell débris removed by centrifugation at 13.000 rpm for 30 min) of SF 9 cell expressing the human PDE9A2 was used. The total protein amount included in the assay varied upon infection and production efficacy of the SF9 cells and lay in the range of 0.1 100 ng.

In general, the assay conditions were as follows:

• total assay volume: 40 microlitre • protein amount: 0.1 - 50 ng • substrate concentration (cGMP): 20 nanomolar; ~1 mCi/1 • incubation time: 60 min at room température

-3616512 • final DMSO concentration: 0.2 - l %

The assays were run in 384-well format. The test reagents as well as the enzyme and the substrate were diluted in assay buffer. The assay buffer contained 50 mM Tris, 8.3 mM MgCl2, 1.7 mM EGTA, 0.1 % BSA, 0.05 % Tween 20; the pH of assay buffer was adjusted to 7.5. The reaction was stopped by applying a PDE9 spécifie inhibitor (e.g. compounds according to WO 2004/099210 or WO 2004/099211, like one of the enantiomeres of example 37, e.g. l-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-[(2R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropyl]-l,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4-one) in excess.

Référencés:

Wunder F, Tersteegen A, Rebmann A, Erb C, Fahrig T, Hendrix M. Characterization of the first potent and sélective PDE9 inhibitor using a cGMP reporter cell line. Molecular Pharmcicology. 2005 Dec;68(6): 1775-81.

van der Staay FJ, Rutten K, Bârfacker L, Devry J, Erb C, Heckroth H, Karthaus D, Tersteegen A, van Kampen M, Blokland A, Prickaerts J, Reymann KG, Schrôder UH, Hendrix M. The novel sélective PDE9 inhibitor BAY 73-6691 improves leaming and memory in rodents. Neuropharmacology. 2008 Oct;55(5):908-18,

PDE1C assay protocol:

The assay was run in an analogous manner to the PDE9A2 assay, with the following différences: instead of PDE9A2, PDE1C was used and the assay buffer contained in addition 50 nM Calmodulin, 3 mM CaC12· The reaction can be stopped by applying the same înhibitor than the one that is outlined above (l-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6-[(2R)-3,3,3trifluoro-2-methyl-propyl]-l,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4-one).

Détermination of IÇgo_:

IC50 can be calculated with GraphPadPrism or other suited software setting the positive control as 100 and the négative control as 0. For calculation of IC50 dilutions of the test compounds (substrates) are to be selected and tested following the aforementioned protocol.

-3716512

Data

In the following IC50 values for PDE9A2 inhibition [nanomolar (nM)] illustratc that the compounds according to the présent invention Înhibit PDE9, specifically PDE9A2. This évidences that the compounds provide useful pharmacological properties. The examples are not meant to be limiting.

The table also provides selectivity values (Selectivity) that show a preference of the compounds for PDE9A versus PDEIC. Selectivity is the ratio (IC50 for PDE1C inhibition [nanomolar (nM)]) / (IC50 for PDE9A2 inhibition [nanomolar (nM)]).

ÎO The example numbers refer to the final examples as outlined in the section Exemplary embodiments and as defined by the above compound family table (table 2).

Ail data can be measured according to the procedure described herein. The définition enantiomer l or enantiomer 2 is related to the elution orders of enantiomers in chiral SFC and chiral HPLC.

Table 2:

Compound family	Example No.	IC₅₀ PDE9A2 [nanomolar]	Selectivity
Q	23*	23	187
Q	24 (enantiomer 1)	218	8.9
Q	25 (enantiomer 2)	7	197
R	29*	11	117
R	30 (enantiomer 1)	304	4.95
R	31 (enantiomer 2)	7	186
S	32*	7	117
S	33 (enantiomer 1)	4	181
S	34 (enantiomer 2)	388	1.68
T	26*	32	>400
T	27 (enantiomer 1 )	11	250

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Compound family	Example No.	IC₅₀ PDE9A2 [nanomolar]	Selectivity
T	28 (enanti orner 2)	360	7

* trans racemic mixture

In-vivo effect:

It is believed that the positive in-vitro efficacy results of the compounds of the présent invention translate in positive in-vivo efficacy.

The in-vivo effect of the compounds of this invention can be tested in the Novel Object Récognition test according to the procedure of Prickaerts et al. (Neuroscience 2002,113, 351-361), the social récognition test or the T-maze spontaneous alternation test according to the procedures described by van der Staay et al. (Neuropharmacology 2008, 55, 908918). For further information conceming biological testing one is also referred to these two citations.

Besides the inhibition property toward the target PDE9, compounds according to the présent invention may provide further advantageous pharmacokïnetic properties.

E.g. compounds according to the invention may show one or more advantages in the area of safety, balanced metabolism, low risk of causing drug - drug interaction and/or balanced clearance.

Compounds also might show one or more additional or alternative advantages in the area of bioavailability, high fraction absorbed, blood brain transport properties, a favourable (e.g. high mean) résidence time (mrt), favourable exposure in the effect compartment and so on.

CHEMICAL MANUFACTURE J'/''

-3916512

In the following compounds and their manufacture are presented some of which are subject to the présent invention some of which are for additional illustration. Compounds to 34 are subject of the présent invention.

Abbreviations:

Burgess-reagent Lawesson’s reagent (methox ycarbonyl sulfamoy l)-tri ethy lammonium-N-betai n

2,4-bis-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-[ l ,3,2,4]dithiadiphosphetane 2,4disulfide

APCI	Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
ACN	acetonitrile
CDI	l ,1 ’-carbonyldiimidazole
DEA	diethylamine
DIPEA	diisopropylethylamine
DME	1,2-dimethoxyethane
DMF	dimethylformamide
ESI	electrospray ionization (in MS)
EtOH	éthanol
Exp. h	example hour(s)
HATU	0-(7-azabenzotriazol-1 - yl)-N ,N ,N ',N '-tetramethyl uroni um hexafluorophosphate
HPLC	high performance liquid chromatography
HPLC-MS	coupled high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
M	molar (mol/L)
MeOH	methanol
min	minutes
MS	mass spectrometry
NMP	1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
Ri	rétention time (in HPLC)
SFC	supercrticial fluid chromatography
TBTU	0-(benzotriazoI-l-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate
TFA	trifluoroacetic acid

-4016512

THF tetrahydrofuran

TLC thin-layer chromatography

LC-MS methods:

Method 1

MS apparatus type: Waters Micromass ZQ; HPLC apparatus type: Waters Alliance 2695, Waters 2996 diode array detector; column: Varian Microsorb 100 C18, 30 x 4.6 mm, 3.0 pm; eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: ACN; gradient: 0.0 min 5 % B —> 0.18 min 5 % B —> 2.0 min 98 % B —> 2.2 min 98 % B -> 2.3 min 5 % B -> 2.5 min 5 % B; flow rate: 3.5 mL/min; UV détection: 210-380 nm.

Method 2

MS apparatus type: Waters Micromass ZQ; HPLC apparatus type: Waters Alliance 2695, Waters 2996 diode array detector; column: Varian Microsorb 100 Cl 8, 30 x 4.6 mm, 3.0 pm; eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH; gradient: 0.0 min 5 % B —> 0.35 min 5 % B —> 3.95 min 100 % B —> 4.45 min 100 % B —> 4.55 min 5 % B —> 4.9 min 5 % B; flow rate: 2.4 mL/min; UV détection: 210-380 nm.

Method 3

MS apparatus type: Waters Micromass ZQ; HPLC apparatus type: Waters Alliance 2695, Waters 2996 diode array detector; column: Varian Microsorb C18, 20 x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent A: water + 0.15 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH; gradient: 0.0 min 5 % B -> 0.25 min 5 % B —> 1.90 min 100 % B —> 2,05 min 100 % B —> 2.15 min 5 % B -> 2.25 min 5 % B; flow rate: 5.2 mL/min; UV détection: 210-400 nm.

Method 1E hydro

Instrument: LC/MS ThermoFinnigan. Hplc Surveyor DAD, MSQ Quadrupole; column: Synergi Hydro-RP80A, 4 um, 4.60 x 100 mm; eluent A: 90% water + 10% acetonitrile +

-41 16512 ammonium formate 10 mM; eluent B = ACN 90%+10% H₂O + NH4COOH 10 mM;

gradient: A (100) for 1.5 min, then to B (100) in 10 min for 1.5 min; flow rate: 1.2 mL/min; UV Détection: 254nm; Ion source: APCI.

Chiral SFC methods:

Method 4

SFC apparatus type: Berger “Analytix”; column: Daicel IC, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: CO₂ i 25 % MeOH / 0.2 % DEA (isocratic); flow rate: 4.0 mL/min, 10 min; température: 40°C; UV détection: 210/220/254 nm.

Method 5

SFC apparatus type: Berger “Analytix”; column: Daicel ADH, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: CO₂ / 25 % MeOH / 0.2 % DEA (isocratic); flow rate: 4.0 mL/min, 10 min; température: 40°C; UV détection: 210/220/254 nm.

Chiral HPLC methods:

Method 6:

HPLC apparatus type: Agitent 1100; column: Daicel chiralcel OJ-H, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm,; eluent: hexane/EtOH80:20; flow rate: 1 mL/min, Température: 25°C; UV Détection: variable (200- 500 nm).

Method 6.1:

HPLC apparatus type: Agilent 1100; column: Daicel chiralcel OJ-H, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm,; eluent: hexane/EtOH 85:15; flow rate: 1 mL/min, Température: 25°C; UV Détection: variable (200- 500 nm).

Method 7:

HPLC apparatus type: Agilent 1100; column: Chiralpak AD-H, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm,; eluent: hexane/isopropanol 80:20; flow rate: 1 mL/min, Température: 25°C; UV

Détection: variable (200- 500 nm).

-4216512

HPLC apparatus type: Agitent 1100; column: Chiralpak AD-H, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm,; eluent: hexane/isopropanol 80:20; flow rate: l mL/min, Température: 25°C; UV

Détection: variable (200- 500 nm).

Microwave heating:

• Discover® CEM instruments, equipped with 10 and 35 mL vessels;

• Biotage Initiator Sixty.

General comment concerning the présentation of the structures

Compounds with stereogenic centre(s): The structures depicted in the experimental section below will not necessarily show ail the stereochemical possibilities of the compounds but only one. However, in such cases a term like “trans - racemic mixture” or “cis-racemic mixture” is added next to the depicted structure in order to indicate the other stereochemical options.

An example is given below. The presented structural formula is

Yy trans - racemic mixture

The added term “trans-racemic mixture” points to the second stereochemical option:

Thus, the manufactured compound is a mixture of

-43 16512

X X X
^γ7 and		^xYy

This principle applies to other depicted structures as well.

Starting compounds:

Example l A (trans - racemic mixture)

O trans - racemic mixture

2.00 g (13.9 mmol) trans-cyclobutan-l,2-dicarboxylic acid were mixed with 16 mL EtOH at 0°C and 2.21 mL (30.5 mmol) thîonylchloride were slowly added. The mixture was allowed to warm to room température and stirred for l h. The solvent was removed under 10 reduced pressure and the product was filtered through a pad of activated basic alumina.

2.71 g (98 %) of the product were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l): R_t = 1.34 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 201 (M+H)⁺

The following example was synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 1 A, using the corresponding diacid as starting material.

Example	structure	starting material	R, [min]	MS (ESI pos, m/z)
Exp. IB cis — racemic mixture	K- o	loH y°^H 0	1.12 (Method 3)	201 (M+H)⁺

-4416512

Example 2A (racemic mixture)

8.00 g (89.7 mmol) 2-amino-propionic acid were mixed with 88.0 mL (0.93 mol) acetic anhydride and 88.0 mL pyridine. The reaction mixture was stirred at l00°C for 135 min. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Toluene was added to the residue and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, then 204 mL (816 mmol) HCl (4 M aqueous solution) was added and the mixture was refluxed for 3h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. 1-Butanol (20 mL) was added to the residue and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. 11.6 g of the title compound were obtained as hydrochlorîde sait.

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 88 (M+H)⁺

Example 3 A (trans - racemic mixture)

trans - racemic mixture

1.00 g (4.09 mmol) 5“Amino-l-(4,4-difluoro-cyclohexyl)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid amide (see PCT patent application WO 2010/026214, example 8A) was mixed with 15 mL of anhydrous EtOH, 2.46 g (12.3 mmol) of Example IA and 0.66 g (16.4 mmol) of sodium hydride (60 % suspension in minerai oil) were added. The reaction mixture was heated to 140°C for 30 min in a microwave oven. The mixture was cooled to room température and sodium hydroxide solution (4 M aqueous solution) was added. The

-4516512 solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by préparative

HPLC (eluent A: water + O.l3 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 0.70 g (49 %) of the product were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l ): R, = 1.24 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 353 (M+H)⁺

The following examples were synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 3A, using the corresponding amide and ester as starting materials (for starting materials it is referred to PCT patent publications WO 2010/026214, WO 2009/121919 and WO 2004/09921).

Example	structure	starting material: amide	starting material: ester	Rt [min]	MS (ESI pos, m/z)
Exp. 3 B (trans racemic mixture)	'-o	5-amino-l- (tetrahydropyran-4-yl)-lHpyrazole-4carboxylic acid amide (see WO 2009/121919, example 11 B)	Exp. IB	1.07 (Meth od 3)	319 (M+H)*
Exp. 3C (trans racemic mixture)	^h°X° 7 jOⁿ	5-amino-l-(4methyl-pyridin3-yl)-lHpyrazole-4carboxylic acid amide (see WO 2004/099211, example 35A)	Exp. IA	0.81 (Meth od 1):	326 (M+H)*

Example 4A (trans - racemic mixture)

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0.200 g (0.568 mmol) Example 3 A were mixed with 0.157 mL (1.14 mmol) triethylamine and 5 mL DMF. To the mixture were added 0.237 g (0.624 mmol) HATU, then the reaction mixture was stirred at room température for 10 min. To the mixture were added 0.042 g (0.568 mmol) acetic acid hydrazide and the reaction mixture was stirred at room température for lh. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 30 mg of the product were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method 1): R₍ = 1.03 min

MS (ESl pos): m/z = 409 (M+H)⁺

Example 5A (trans - racemic mixture)

trans - racemic mixture

0.150 g (0.426 mmol) of Example 3A were mixed with 2 mL THF. The mixture was cooled to 0°C and 0.036 mL (0.426 mmol) oxalylchloride and one drop of DMF were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for lh. To the reaction mixture were added mL ACN and 0.426 mL (0.851 mmol) trimethylsilyldiazomethane (2 M in hexane). The mixture was stirred for 2h, then 0.213 mL HCl (4 M in dioxane) was slowly added. The reaction was stirred for 3h. To the mixture were added ethylacetate and saturated aqueous

-4716512 sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The organic layer was washed with water and brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvents were partially evaporated until volume of approximately 2 mL was reached. The mixture was taken to the next step without further purification.

HPLC-MS (Method l): R_t = 1.40 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 385/387 (Cl)

The following example was synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 5A, using the corresponding acid as starting material.

Example	structure	starting material	R_t [min]	MS (ESI pos, m/z)
Exp. 5B trans — racemic mixture	XjO^cC t>	Exp. 3B	1.12 (Method l)	351/353 (Cl)

Example 6A (trans — mixture of stereoisomers)

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0.200 g (0.628 mmol) of Example 3B were mixed with 1 mL DMF. 0.261 mL (1.89 mmol) triethylamine and 0.222 g (0.691 mmol) ofTBTU were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room température for 10 min. Then 0.078 g (0.628 mmol) of Example 2A was added and the mixture was stirred at room température for lh. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 190 mg of the product were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method 3): R_t = 1.03 min

MS (ESl pos): m/z = 388 (M+H)⁺

Example 7A (trans - racemic mixture)

Q.

trans - racemic mixture

0.200 g (0.628 mmol) of Example 3B were mixed with 1 mL DMF. 0.174 mL (1.26 mmol) triethylamine and 0.222 g (0.691 mmol) of TBTU were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room température for 10 min. Then 0.066 g (0.628 mmol) 2,2dimethoxy-ethylamine was added and the mixture was stirred at room température for 1 h. Then HCl (2 M aqueous solution) was added and the mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). The residue was mixed with 5 mL acetone and 1 mL HCl (2 M aqueous solution) and stirred ovemight under nitrogen. Then the mixture was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was evaporated and purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 170 mg of the product was obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method 3): R₍ = 1.01 min

MS (ESl pos): m/z = 360 (M+H)⁺

Example 8A (trans - mixture of stereoisomers)

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0.200 g (0,568 mmol) of Example 3A was mixed with l ,0 mL DMF. 0.432 mL (2.84 mmol) DIPEA and 0.200 g (0.624 mmol) TBTU were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room température for 10 min. Then 0.140 g (1.14 mmol) of Example 2A were added and the mixture was stirred at room température for 2h. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 70 mg (29 %) of the product was obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l ): R_t = 1.23 min

MS (ESl pos): m/z = 422 (M+H)⁺

The foliowing examples were synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 8A, using the corresponding nucleophiles as starting materials..

Example	structure	starting material	R_t [min]	MS (ESl pos, m/z)
Exp. 8B trans - racemic mixture	^Hï ]pN N ^N Λ -C Q r	H hydrochloride	1.31 (method 1)	396 (M+H)⁺

uS''

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Exp. 8C trans - mixture of stereoîsomers		HO ²		410 (M+H)⁺
Exp. 8D trans - mixture of stereoîsomers		X»,	1.12 (method D	410 (M+H)⁺
Exp. 8E trans - racemic mixture	·κΛ> Q F ^h	hydrazine hydrate	0.99 (method D	367 (M+H)⁺

Example 9A (trans - racemic mixture)

0.182 g (0.430 mmol) Dess-Martin periodinane were mixed with 2.5 mL DCM. 0.160 g (0.391 mmol) Example 8D in 2.5 mL DCM was added at room température. The reaction

-5l 16512 mixture stirred at room température for 30 min and at 30°C for 30 min. To the mixture were added 10 mL sodium thiosulfate solution (10 % in water) and 10 mL saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and the mixture was stirred for 20 min. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, dried and evaporated. 93 mg (58 %) of the product were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l): R, = I.l8 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 408 (M+H)⁺

The following example was synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 9A, using the correspondîng alcohol as starting material.

Example	structure	starting material
Exp. 9B trans - mixture of stereoisomers	F ^F	Exp. 8C

Example 10A (trans - mixture of stereoisomers)

0.450 g of Example 3C was mixed with 3.5 mL DMF and 0.273 g (2.21 mmol) Example

2A. 1.00 mL (6.64 mmol) DIPEA and 0.390 g (l .22 mmol) TBTU were added and the

-5216512 mixture was stirred for lh. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A:

water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 360 mg (83 %) of the product was obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l): R_t = 0.85 min

MS (ESl pos): m/z = 395 (M+H)⁺

Example 11A (trans - racemic mixture)

300 mg (1.23 mmol) of 5-amino-l-(4,4-difluoro-cyclohexyl)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid amide (see WO 2010/026214, example 8A) were mixed with 4 mL anhydrous EtOH,

326 mg (3.07 mmol) trans-cyclobutane-l,2-dicarbonitrile and 0.197 g (4.91 mmol) of sodium hydride (60 % suspension in minerai oil) under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was heated to 140°C for 45 min in a microwave oven. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 210 mg (51 %) of the title compound were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method 3): R_t = 1.19 min

MS (ESl pos): m/z = 334 (M+H)⁺

Example 11B (trans - racemic mixture)

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trans - racemic mixture

To a solution of 0.8 g (3.805 mmol) of 5-amino-l-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-l-H-pyrazole-4carboxylic acid amide (see PCT patent application WO2010/026214) in 8 mL anhydrous EtOH , 0.457 g (19.6 mmol) of sodium hydride (60 % suspension in minerai oil) were added at room température under nitrogen. After l h under stirring, l.2g (l l.42mmo!) of trans-cyclobutane-l,2-dicarbonitrile were added and the reaction mixture was heated to l40°C for 45 min in a microwave oven. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in DCM, water was added and phases were separated. Organic layers were dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude 10 was purified by flash cromatography (Cy/EtOAc from 80/20 to 100%) to obtain the title compound as yellow solid. (0.64g, 55%)

HPLC-MS(Methodl Eh):R_t=6.21 min

MS (APCI): m/z = 300 (M+H)⁺

trans - racemic mixture

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To a solution of 0.85 g (3.91 mmol) of 5-amino-l-(4-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-lH-pyrazole-4carboxylic acid amide (see PCT patent application WO 2004/09921) in 10 mL anhydrous EtOH , 0.47 g (11.74 mmol) of sodium hydride (60 % suspension in minerai oil) were added at room température under nitrogen. After 1 h under stirring, 1.28g (11.74 mmol) of trans-cyclobutane-l,2-dicarbonitrile were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 140°C for 45 min in a microwave oven. The reaction mixture was then loaded on SCX cartridge, ammonia fractions were collected and evaporated and the residue was purified by flash cromatography ( DCM/MeOH 90:10) to obtain the title compound as white solid. (0.63g, 52%).

HPLC-MS (Method lEh): R₍ = 5.92 min

MS (APCI pos): m/z = 307 (M+H)⁺

Example 12 A (trans - racemic mixture)

HN trans - racemic mixture

190 mg (0.570 mmol) of Example 11A were mixed with 0.281 mL toluene and 0.093 mL (2.30 mmol) anhydrous MeOH. 0.103 mL (1.45 mmol) acetylchloride were added slowly at 0°C. The mixture was stirred at room température for 12h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. To the residue 0.5 mL MeOH were added. Then 0.407 mL (2.85 mmol) ammonia (7 M in MeOH) were added at 0°C and the mixture was allowed to warm to room température. After 30 min the reaction mixture was treated with water and the pH was adjusted to pH=l by addition of TFA. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC vtA

-55 16512 (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH) yielding 110 mg (42 %) of the product were as trifluoroacetic acid sait.

HPLC-MS (Method 3): R_t = 1.04 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 351 (M+H)⁺

Example 12 B (trans - racemic mixture)

trans - racemic mixture

To a mixture of dry EtOH (5mL) and dry CHCI3 (5mL) cooled at 0°C, acetylchloride (2.27mL, 30.82mmol) was added slowly and mixture left under stirring for 20min. 0°C. A solution of Exampie 11B (0.410g, 1.027mmol) in dry CHCI3 (5mL) was added dropwise and the mixture stirred at room température overnight. Solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, residue dissolved in dry EtOH (5mL) and 6.4mL of a 7.0M solution of ammonia in MeOH (30.82mmol) were added. The mixture was stirred at room température for 12h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The final product was obtained as hydrochloride and used for the next step without further purification. (0.37g, content 50% estimated by HPLC-MS).

HPLC-MS (Method lEh): R_t = 5.38 min

MS (APCI pos): m/z = 317 (M+H)⁺

Example 12 C (trans - racemic mixture)

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trans - racemic mixture

To a mixture of dry EtOH (4mL) and dry CHCI3 (IOmL) cooled at 0°C, acetylchloride (4.38 mL, 61.7 mmol) was added slowly and mixture left under stirring for 20min. 0°C. A solution of Example l IC (0.63g, 2.057 mmol) in dry CHCI3 (5mL) was added dropwise and the mixture stined at room température overnight. Solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, residue dissolved in dry MeOH (IOmL) and 10.3 mL of a 7.0M solution of ammonia in MeOH (72 mmol) were added. The mixture was stirred at room température for 12h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The final product, obtained as hydrochloride sait, was used as such in the next step without further purification. (0.85g, content 84%, estimated by 1H-NMR).

HPLC-MS (Method 1 Eh): R_t = 5.15 min

MS (APCI pos): m/z = 324 (M+H)⁺

Example 13 A (trans - racemic mixture)

-57To a solution of 1.6 g (10.24 mmol) of 2-acetyl-cyclobutanecarboxylic acid methyl ester (prepared as described in J. Med. Chem, 25, 109, 1982) in dry EtOH (12mL), propargyiamine (1.4mL, 20.4mmmol) was added followed by 0.122g (0.307mmol) of sodium gold trichloride. The reaction mixture was heated to 140°C for 45 min in a microwave oven, solid was filtered and the organic evaporated. Crude was purified by flash cromatography (Cy/EtOAc 70:30) to obtain the title compound as yellow green oil.

(0.18g, 9.2%).

HPLC-MS (Method lEh): R_t = 0.87 min

MS (APCI pos): m/z = 192 (M+H)⁺

Exemplary embodiments

Example l (trans - racemic mixture)

trans - racemic mixture

22.0 mg (0.306 mmol) of propan-2-one oxime were mixed with 2 mL anhydrous THF and 0.471 mL (l .22 mmol) n-butyllithium (2.6 mol/L in toluene) was added carefully to the mixture. The reaction mixture was stirred at room température for 30 min. 0.110 g (0.278 mmol) of Example 8B in l mL anhydrous THF were carefully added during 10 min. After 30 min the reaction mixture was added to a mixture of 0.28 mL H2SO4 and 4 mL THF/water (4:1). The mixture was refluxed for 1.5h. Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added and extracted with ethylacetate. The organic layer was dried and the solvents were evaporated. The residue was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 8 mg (8 %) of the product were obtained. HPLC-MS (Method 1): R_t = 1.40 min MS (ESI pos): m/z = 390 (M+H)⁺

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Example 2 (trans - racemic mixture)

0.190 g of Example 6A were mixed with 3 mL DME and 0.273 g (1.14 mmol) Burgess reagent. The reaction mixture was heated to l30°C for lh in a microwave oven. The solvent was evaporated and the residue purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 70 mg (55 %) of the product were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l):R,= l.ll min

MS (ESl pos): m/z = 370 (M+H)⁺

The following examples were synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 2, using the corresponding amîdes as starting materials.

Example	structure	starting material	R_t [min]	MS (ESl pos, m/z)
Exp. 3 trans racemic mixture	0	Exp. 7A	1.17 (Method 3)	342 (M+H)⁺

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Exp. 4 trans racemic mixture	An î ⁿv ^huOⁿ 9	Exp. 4A	1.20 (Method l)	391 (M+H)⁺
Exp. 5 trans racemic mixture	^Hï IpN	Exp. 8A	1.38 (method 1)	404 (M+H)⁺
Exp. 6 trans racemic mixture	UQ	Exp. 9A	1.37 (method 1)	390 (M+H)⁺
Exp. 7 trans racemic mixture	\ h	Exp. 9B	1.42 (method 3)	390 (M+H)⁺

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Example 9 (trans - racemic mixture)

trans - racemic mixture

To a solution of Example 5A, synthesized starting from 0.426 mmol of Example 3A as described above, was added dropwise 0.062 g (0.832 mmol) thioacetamide in 2 mL EtOH. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 62 mg of the title compound were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l): R, = l .37 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 406 (M+H)⁺

The following examples were synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 9, using the corresponding starting materials.

Example	structure	starting	starting	Ri [min]	MS
		material:	material:		(ESI
		nucleophile	chloroketon		pos,

-6l 16512

					m/z)
Exp. 10 trans racemic mixture	w u o	thioacetamide	Exp. 5B	1.21 (Method 3)	372 (M+H)⁺
Exp. 11 trans racemic mixture		1,1-dimethylthiourea	Exp. 5A	1.15 (Method 3)	435 (M+H)⁺
Exp. 12 trans racemic mixture	YXjûⁿ Ο ι·2 p	thiourea	Exp. 5A	1.15 (Method 3)	407 (M+H)⁺

Exampie 13 (trans - racemic mixture)

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100 mg(0.215 mmol) ofExample 12A weremixed with 1.00mL(6.07 mmol) 1,1,3,3tetramethoxypropane. The reaction mixture was heated to 175°C for lh using a microwave oven. The reaction mixture was treated with DCM/MeOH and one drop of triethylamine. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH) yielding 45 mg (54 %) of the title compound.

HPLC-MS (Method 3): R_t = 1.36 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 387 (M+H)⁺

The enantiomers of the title compound were separated by HPLC using a chiral stationary phase.

Method for enantioseparation:

HPLC apparatus type: Berger Minigram; column: Daicei IC, 5.0 pm, 250 mm x 10 mm; method: eluent CO₂ / 30 % MeOH / 0.2 % DEA (isocratîc); flow rate: 10 mL/min, Température: 40°C; pressure: 100 bar; UV Détection: 210 nm

Example	structure	Rt [min]
Exp. 14 trans enantiomer 1		3.15 (Method 4)

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The following example was synthesized in analogy to the préparation of Example 13, using the corresponding dialdehydediacetal as starting material.

Example	structure	starting material	R_t [min]	MS (ESl pos, m/z)
Exp. 16 trans racemic mixture	M	1,1,3,3tetraethoxy-2methyl propane	1.42 (Method 3)	401 (M+H)⁺

Example 17 (trans - racemic mixture)

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176 mg (0.431 mmol) of Example 4A were mixed with 3 mL THF and 122 mg (0.302 mmol) Lawesson’s reagent at room température. Then the mixture was stirred for 6h at

60°C. The reaction mixture was treated with water and diluted with DCM. The mixture was filtered over basic alumia and eluted with DCM und EtOH. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 45 mg (26 %) of the product were obtained. HPLC-MS (Method 3): R_t = 1.37 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 407 (M+H)⁺

The enantiomers of the title compound were seperated by HPLC using a chiral stationary phase.

Method for enantioseparation:

HPLC apparatus type: Berger Minigram; column: Daicel ADH, 5.0 pm, 250 mm x 10 mm; method: eluent CO₂ / 30 % MeOH / 0.2 % DEA (isocratic); flow rate: 10 mL/min,

Température: 40°C; pressure: 100 bar; UV Détection: 210 nm

Example	structure	R, [min]
Exp. 18 trans enantiomer l (S,S)		2.47 (Method 5)

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Single crystals of example 19 have been prepared by recrystallisation from ethylacetate and subjected to X-ray crystal analysis, The data allowed to détermine the absolute configuration of example 19 to be (R,R).

Experimental: Data collection and réduction: Data collected on Satum 944 CCD mounted on AFC11K goniometer, Radiation: Cu Ka from RU200 rotating anode and RIGAKU

VARIMAX optics, Température: 100K.

Summary of data collection statistics

Spacegroup

Unit cell dimensions

Resolution range

Total number of reflections

Number of unique reflections

Average redundancy % completeness

Rmerge

Output <I/sigI>

P2i

8.560(2) 6.844(1) 15.603(3) 90.00 98.82(3) 90.00

15.42-0.85 (0.88-0.85)

10857

1588

6.84 (2.46)

95.7 (79.1)

0.064 (0.118)

27.7 (7.9)

Values in () are for the last resolution shell.

Refinement statistics:

Final Structure Factor Calculation for example 19 in P21

Total number of l.s. parameters = 255

GooF = S = 1.154

Weight = 1 / [ sigma^A2(Fo^A2) + ( 0.0421 * P )^A2 + 0.38 * P] where P = ( Max ( Fo^A2, 0 ) + 2 * Fc^A2 ) / 3

RI = 0.0695 for 2207 Fo > 4sig(Fo)and 0.0829 for ail 2334 data, wR2 = 0.1646,

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Flack x parameter = 0.09(3).

Example 20 (trans - racemic mixture)

0.060 g of Example ÎOA were mixed with 4 mL anhydrous dioxane and 0.074 g (0.180 mmol) Lawesson’s reagent. The reaction mixture was heated to 12O°C for lh in a microwave oven. The mixture was filtered over basic alumina and eluted with DCM and MeOH. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13% TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 22 mg of the product were obtained as sait with TFA.

HPLC-MS: (Method 1): R, = 0.94 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 393 (M+H)⁺

Example 21 (trans - racemic mixture)

-67trans - racemic mixture

0.190 g (0.519 mmol) Example 8E were mixed with 1.38 mL (8.31 mmol) triethoxymethane. The mixture was stirred for 1.5h at 150°C. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room température and purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH). 90 mg (46 %) of the product were obtained.

HPLC-MS (Method l ): R_t = l. 19 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 377 (M+H)⁺

Example 22 (trans - racemic mixture) trans - racemic mixture

13 mg (0.10 mmol) CuCh, 26 mL (0.22 mmol) tert-butyl-nitrite were mixed with ACN. A mixture of 22 mg (0.05 mmol) Example 12 in ACN was carefully added at 0°C. The mixture was stirred for lh at 25°C. Additional 9 mg (0.07 mmol) CuCl₂ and 13 mL (0.11 mmol) tert-butyl-nitrite was added and stirred another 20 min. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was taken up in DCM and extracted with HCl and water. The mixture was purified by préparative HPLC (eluent A: water + 0.13 % TFA, eluent B: MeOH) yielding2.1 mg (9 %) of the product..

HPLC-MS: (Method 3): R_t = 1.46 min

MS (ESI pos): m/z = 426/428 (Cl) (M+H)⁺ «

Example 23 (trans - racemic mixture)

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trans - racemic mixture

180 mg (0.26 mmol, content 50%, estimated by HPLC-MS) of Example I2b were mixed with l.OO mL (6.07 mmol) 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane. The reaction mixture was heated to 175°C for lh using a microwave oven. The reaction mixture was treated with DCM, 5 washed with water. Organic layers were dried over sodiumsuiphate and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude was purified by flash cromatography (Cy/EtOAc from 80/20 to AcOEt/MeOH 96/4) and then with a second flash cromatography (DCM 100% to DCM/EtOH 96/4) to obtain the title compound as beige solid. (0.034g).

HPLC-MS (Method 1 Eh): R_t = 6.57 min

MS (APC1 pos): m/z = 353 (M+H)⁺

Method for enantioseparation:

Semipreparative conditions:

HPLC semipreparative system: Waters 600 pump; column: Daicel chiralcel OJ-H, 250 mm x 20 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/EtOH80:20; flow rate: 15 mL/min, Température: 25°C; UV Détection: 254 nm

Example

structure

R_t [min]

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Exp. 24 trans enantiomer 1	O o	15.604 (Method 6)
Exp. 25 trans enantiomer 2	^hï TA o	20.119 (Method 6)

Analytical conditions

HPLC apparatus type: Agilent 1100; Method 6; column: Daicel chiralcel OJ-H, 250 mm x

4.6 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/EtOH80:20; flow rate: 1 mL/min, Température: 25°C;

UV Détection: 254 nm

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140 mg (content 84%, 0.33 mmol) of Example 12C were mixed with 1.4 mL of 1,1,3,3tetramethoxypropane and 1.4mL of NMP. The reaction mixture was heated to 175°C for lh using a microwave oven. The reaction mixture was then diluted with MeOH and loaded on SCX cartridge. Ammonia fractions were collected and the residue was purified by flash 5 cromatography (Cy/EtOAc from 90/10 to 100%) to obtain the title compound as white solid (30mg).

HPLC-MS (Method lEh): R_t = 6.72 min

MS (APCIpos): m/z = 370 (M+H)⁺

The enantiomers of the title compound were seperated by HPLC using a chiral stationary 10 phase.

Method for enantioseparation:

Semipreprative conditions:

HPLC semipreparative system: Waters 600 pump; column: Daicel chiralcel OJ-H, 250 mm x 20 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/EtOH80:20; flow rate: 15 mL/min, Température: 15 25°C; UV Détection: 230 nm

Example	structure	R_t [min]
Exp. 27 trans enantiomer 1	o	17.748 (Method 6)

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Analytical conditions

4.6 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/EtOH80:20; flow rate: l mL/min, Température: 25°C;

UV Détection: 254 nm

trans - racemic mixture

To a suspension of 0.132 g (0.63mmol) of 5-amino-1-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-l-H10 pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid amide (see PCT patent application WO2010/026214) in dry

EtOH (1.5mL), 0.066 g (1.66 mmol) of sodium hydride (60 % suspension in minerai oil) were added at room température under nitrogen. After 10min, 0.181mg (0.945mmol) of

Example 13A were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 140°C for 40 min in a microwave oven (Power 100W). The reaction mixture was then diluted with DCM, water was added, organics separated and dried over sodiumsulphate. Organics were evaporated

-7216512 under reduced pressure and the crude purified by flash cromatography (DCM/IPA 98:2) to obtain the title compound as a white solid. (54mg, 32%).

HPLC-MS (Method lEh): R₍ = 8.01 min

MS (APCI pos): m/z = 352 (M+H)⁺

Method for enantioseparation:

Semipreprative conditions:

HPLC semipreparative system: Waters 600 pump; column: Daicel chiralcel OJ-H, 250 10 mm x 20 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/EtOH85:l5; flow rate: 15 mL/min, Température:

25°C; UV Détection: 254 nm

Example	structure	R_t [min]
Exp. 30	^H¥ \|T	%	14.754

trans enantiomer	Γι ^N		(Method
1		Q	6.1)
Exp. 31	^Hï if	X	16.834
	_{_}_A A	N^Z
trans enantiomer	Γ1 ^N	X	(Method
2		A	6.1)
	\=7

Analytical conditions

-73 16512

HPLC apparatus type: Agilent 1100; Method 6.1; column: Daicel chiralcel OJ-H, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/EtOH85:15; flow rate: 1 mL/min, Température: 25°C;

UV Détection: 254 nm

Example 32 (trans - racemic mixture) trans - racemic mixture

To a suspension of 0.135 g (0.553 mmol) of 5-amino-l-(4,4-difluoro-cyclohexyl)-l-Hpyrazole-4-carboxylic acid amide (see PCT patent application WO2010/026214) in dry EtOH (1.5mL), 0.066 g (1.66 mmol) of sodium hydride (60 % suspension in minerai oil) were added at room température under nitrogen. After IOmîn, O.lôlmg (0.837mmol) of Example 13A were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 140°C for 40 min in a microwave oven (Power 100W). The reaction mixture was then diluted with DCM, water was added, organics separated and dried over sodium sulphate. Organics were evaporated under reduced pressure and the crude purified by flash cromatography (Cy/EA from 50:50 to 10:90) to obtain the title compound as a white solid. (54mg, 25%).

HPLC-MS (Method 1 Eh): R_t = 9.63 min

MS (APCI pos): m/z = 386 (M+H)⁺

The enantiomers of the title compound were seperated by HPLC using a chiral stationary phase,

-7416512

HPLC semipreparative system: Waters 600 pump; Column: Daicel chiralpak AD-H, 250 mm x 20 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/Isopropanol 80:20; flow rate: 10 mL/min,

Température: 25°C; UV Détection: 260 nm

Method for enantioseparation:

Semipreprative conditions:

Example	structure	R( [min]
Exp. 33				14.80
	/xAz
trans -	/7 ^N	A
		/		(Method
enantiomer		(	\
l			ς	7)
		F
Exp. 34	ïS			20.40
		-_N'
trans -	Γι ^N
	t—(	/—		(Method
enantiomer			\
2			ς	7)
	\=/	F

Analytical conditions

HPLC apparatus type: Agilent 1100; Method 7; column: Daicel chiralcel AD-H, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5.0 pm; eluent: hexane/Isopropanol 80:20; flow rate: I mL/min, Température: 10 25°C; UV Détection: 260 nm.

Claims

Ciaims

l. A compound of formula (I)

5 wherein the compound is selected from the group of

-7616512

-7716512

-7816512 and salts, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
2. The compound according to claim l, whereby the compound is selected from the group of a compound according to formula (Ha).

(Ha), and salts, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
3. The compound according to claim l, whereby the compound is selected from the group of a compound according to formula (Ilb).

and salts, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
4. The compound according to claim l, whereby the compound is selected from the group of a compound according to formula (Ile), ιγν/''

-7916512 (Ile), and salts, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
5. The compound according to claim l, whereby the compound is selected from the group

5 of a compound according to formula (Ild), and salts, preferably pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
6. A compound according to any one of claims l to 5 for use as a médicament or for the

10 use as pharmaceutically active ingrédient in a médicament, preferably a médicament for use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably in a therapeutic method.
7. A compound according to any one of claims l to 5 for use in a therapeutic or prophylactic, preferably a therapeutic method (a) for the treatment of a CNS disease, more preferably a CNS disease, the

15 treatment of which is accessible by the inhibition of PDE9, (b) for the treatment of a disease that is accessible by the inhibition of PDE9, (c) for the treatment of or for the amelioration of or for the prévention of, preferably for the treatment of a condition being selected from the group consisting of cognitive impairment being related to a disease or condition selected from the group of perception, concentration, cognition, leaming or memory, whereby preferably the treatment, amelioration or prévention of cognitive impairment is related to age-associated leaming and memory impaîrments, age-associated memory losses, vascular dementia, craniocerebral trauma, stroke, dementia occurring after strokes (post stroke dementia), post-traumatic dementia, general concentration impaîrments, concentration impaîrments in children with leaming and memory problems, Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body dementia, dementia with degeneration of the frontal lobes, including Pick's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, progressive nuclear palsy, dementia with corticobasal degeneration, amyotropic latéral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, multiple scierosis, thalamic degeneration, Creutzfeld-Jacob dementia, HIV dementia, epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy, schizophrenia, schizophrenia (with dementia), Korsakoffs psychosis or cognitive impairment associated with dépréssion or bipolar disorder, (d) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease or cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer’s disease, (e) for the treatment of schizophrenia or cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia, (f) for the treatment of epilepsy or cognitive impairment associated with epilepsy, (g) for the treatment of a disease or condition being selected from the group consisting of sleep disorders, bipolar disorder, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabètes mellitus, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolérance, or a disease of the testes, brain, small intestine, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, thymus or spleen.
8. A compound according to any one of ciaims 1 to 5 for use in a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of cognitive impairment, préférable cognitive impairment related to perception, concentration, leaming or memory.

-81 16512
9. A compound according to any one of clairns l to 5 for use in a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of cognitive impairment, préférable cognitive impairment related to perception, concentration, leaming or memory, as symptoms of anther base laying disease.
10. A compound according to any one of clairns l to 5 for use in a method for the improvement of cognitive skills related to perception, concentration, leaming or memory.
11. Pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to any one of clairns l to 5 and a pharmaceutical carrier.
12. Use of a compound according to any one of clairns l to 5 for the manufacture of a médicament for the treatment of a disease or condition as defined in any of clairns 7 to 10.
13. Combination of a compound according to any one of daims 1 to 5 with another active agent, whereby

- said combination preferably is useful for the treatment of a disease or condition as defined in any of clairns 7 to 10 or

- said combination preferably being for the use in a therapeutic or prophylactic method, preferably a therapeutic method, for the treatment of a condition or disease as defined in any of clairns 7 to 10 or

- said combination being for the manufacture of a médicament which preferably is for the treatment of a condition or disease as defined in any of clairns 7 to 10.