OA16331A - Water treatment and revitalization system and method. - Google Patents

Abstract

A system and method are provided in at least one embodiment to filter water through a vortex leading into a disk-pack turbine having an expansion chamber and outlets into a discharge chamber that leads to at least one discharge port. In a further embodiment, the system includes an intake module, a vortex module, a disk-pack turbine module, and a motor for driving the diskpack turbine. The intake module brings water into the system and routes the water to the vortex module that speeds up the water into a vortex that flows into the disk-pack turbine that discharges into a discharge chamber that leads to at least one discharge port. The disk-pack turbine includes a plurality of disks that are spaced apart forming chambers between the disks that provide at least one passageway between the expansion chamber and the discharge chamber.

Description

WATER TREATMENT AND REVITALISATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

This application claims the benefit Df U.S. provisional Application Serial No.

[0001]

61/376,447, filed August 24, 2010, and U.S. patent Application Serial No. 13/213,614, filed August 19, 2011, which are hereby incorporated by reference.

I. Field of the Invention [0002] The présent invention relates to a system and method for treating and/or revitalizing water and other fluids in one or more embodiments with mechanical forces.

Turbine his greatest achievement. It was

II. Background of the Invention [0003] Nikola Testa considered the Tesla

Tesla’s belief that his stacked-disk turbine design, which relies on achieving mechanical advantage through utilization of the properties inhérent in viscous molecular boundary layers, would provide the fondamental basis foi the future of ultra-efficient prime-mover and pump development. With the exception of the direct successes of Tesla himself with his turbine designs, numerous organizations and count les s individuals hâve dedicated millions of man-hours in attempts to understand, harne i movers and pumps with marginal results at bes :

ss and apply Tesla’s turbine ideas for prime lll. Summary of the Invention [0004] In at least one embodiment, the invention includes an assembly of submerged rotating disks (hereafter referred to as the dii>k-pack or disk-pack turbine) which serve to induce, concentrate and multiply fluid and rolary dynamîc influences that purîfy, energize, vitalize and/or revitalize and otherwise improve water that runs through the system. In at least one embodiment, the fluid as it leaves the discharge ports of the assembly départs under relatively low pressure as compared te a pump thus allowing residual motion to be maintained within the fluid as it returns to the fluid source.

[0005] At least one embodiment, according to the invention, provides an efficient system to treat and revitalize water from water that can be categorized via qualitative analysis as inferior, diseased, deteriorated, polluted, and unhealthy water. The water to be treated and revitalized may include a variety mosquito larvae, algae, turbidity and other material that pollutes the water.

of impurities such as containments, bacteria,

IV. Brief Description of the Drawings [0006] The présent invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar éléments. The use of cross-hatching and ahading within the drawings is not intended as limiting the type of materials that may be used to manufacture the invention.

[0007] FIG. 1A-1B illustrate the impact of! running a device built according to the invention placed into a water containment unit filled with water before operation and during operation of the device, respectively. FIG. 1C illustrâtes a doser view of the vortex chamber of the System to illustrate the tight vortex in the a^ial center of the vortex chamber.

[0008] FIG. 2 illustrâtes a top view of an embodiment according to the invention. FIG. 3 illustrâtes a side view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 illustrâtes a crossdrated in FIG. 9.

iiment according to the invention. FIGs. 12A section view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 illustrâtes a représentation of a motor of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 6 illustrâtes an impeller of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 7 illustrâtes a top view of the pump module of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 8 illustrâtes a partial cross-section view of the vortex module of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 9 illustrâtes a perspective view of the disk-pack module ofthe embodiment illustrated n FIG. 2. FIG. 10 illustrâtes a cross-section of the disk-pack module of the embodiment illusl [0009] FIG. 11 illustrâtes a second embodi and 12B illustrate cross-sections of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11 taken at the respective fines in FIG. 11. FIG. 13 illustre tes an exploded view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11 according to the invent exploded view of the embodiment illustrated in illustrâtes an intake module and partial disk-pack module of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11 according to the invention. ;

[0010] FIGs. 16-18 illustrate addîtional ^alternative embodiments according to the invention.

on. FIG. 14 illustrâtes a perspective and

FIG. 11 according to the invention. FIG. 15 [0011] [0012] t illustrated in FIG. 21. FIG. 23D illustrâtes a jle. FIGs. 24A-24B illustrate side views of a FIG. 21. FIG. 25A illustrâtes a side view of a llustrated in FIG. 21. FIG. 25B illustrâtes an

FIG. 19 illustrâtes a side view of a fourth embodiment according to the invention. FIG. 20 illustrâtes a side view of the embodime it illustrated in FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 illustrâtes a fifth embodiment according to the invention. FIG. 22 illustrâtes a top view of the embodiment illustr îted in FIG. 21. FIG. 23A-23C illustrate side views of an intake module of the embodiment top view of an outer screen of the intake mod vortex module of the embodiment illustrated in disk-pack turbine module of the embodiment !

internai view of a housing part of the disk-pacl; module. FIG. 25C illustrâtes a cross-section view of the housing part illustrated in FIG. 25B [0013] FIG. 26A illustrâtes a top viewl of the disk-pack turbine embodiment of the invention. FIG. 26B illijstrates a side view of the illustrated in FIG. 26A. FIG. 26C illustrâtes a cross-section of the illustrated in FIG. 26A.

[0014] FIG. 27A illustrâtes an exploded view of a sixth embodiment according to the according to an disk-pack turbine disk-pack turbine invention. FIG. 27B illustrâtes a cross-section of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 27A. [0015] FIGs. 28A-28B illustrate cross-sectioris of a seventh embodiment according to the invention.

FIG. 29 illustrâtes a perspective view lof an eighth embodiment according to the [0016] invention.

FIG. 30 illustrâtes a perspective view another alternative embodiment according

34, and 35 illustrate different wing shim [0020] invention.

[0021] [0017] to the invention.

[0018] FIGs. 31A-31D, 32A-32C, 33A-33C, embodiments according to the invention.

[0019] FIG. 36 illustrâtes an alternative disk-ôack and wing shim embodiment according to the invention.

FIGs. 37A-37C illustrate another disk-pack turbine embodiment according to the !

FIGs. 38A-38B are électron microscope images of water of processing, respectively. FIGs. 39A-39C illustra e an irrigation pond used of a system built according to at least one embodiment of the invention, illustrate a creek used in an experiment of a system built according embodiment of the invention. FIG. 41 illustrâtes resulting from use of the disk-pack turbine built t n invention. 42A-42D illustrate different views of ψ/ater frozen after processing with a system built according to at least one embodiment of tthe invention. FIGs. 43 and 44 show tables with results of biological and chemical testing of water that was processed with a system built according to at least one embodiment of the invention.

before and after in an experiment FIGs. 40A-40C to at least one a disk-pack turbine showing electroplating iccording to at least one embodiment of the ïing in many of the embodiments revitalizing

V. Detailed Description of the Invention [0022] FIGs. 2-37C illustrate a variety of embodiments according to the invention. The different illustrated embodiments share common features for the invention that facilitate the movement of fluid through the device and resulting in many of the embodiments revitalizing fluid in a vessel by having the outputted fluid from the device propagate throughout the vessel containing the fluid. As discussed herein, fluid is intended to cover both liquids and gases capable of flowing. The non-limiting enpbodiments described herein are directed at water as the fluid. Based on this disclosurl, it should be readily recognized that the invention is not limited to water but is appl cable to ail other fluids.

embodiments, the water entera into a vortex c are spaced apart, and in at least one embodirri< near the top of the vortex chamber. The vortex chamber further increases the rotational speed of the water as the water passes throug'

In many of the ihamber that includes a plurality of inlets that ent the inlets are evenly spaced around and h the vortex chamber into an expansion and n at least one embodiment, the rotational the embodiments, the embodiment includes embodiment the discharge ports are evenly ïamber. The disk-pack turbine is rotated by distribution chamber (or expansion chamber).

velocity of the water is pre-accelerated to match the rotational velocity of the expansion t chamber and disk-pack turbine adding substantially to energy exchange dynamics. The water in at least one embodiment is drawn into jhe expansion chamber at least in part by a disk-pack turbine spinning within the expansion chamber. The water is drawn into and through the space (or disk chambers) between the disks of the disk-pack turbine into an accumulation, energy exchange and discharge chamber (or discharge chamber) surrounding the disk-pack turbine. The discharge chamber in at least one embodiment includes a torus/paraboloid shape that assists with the conditioning of the water prior to its discharge through at least one discharge port. In most of a plurality of discharge ports, and in at least one spaced around the periphery of the discharge c a driveshaft driven by a motor, which in at least one embodiment is présent in a motor module while in at least another embodiment résides in the disk-pack module. In an alternative embodiment, the motor may indiret tly drive the driveshaft with, for example, a belt or other linkage.

[0023] In other embodiments, the device includes a pump (or intake) module that further drives the fluid into the vortex chamber. The pump module in at least one embodiment includes an impeller connected to the motor through a driveshaft.

embodiment, the impeller and disk-pack are driven by different driveshafts or even different respective motors. The impeller pulls fluid into the device and drives it through connected conduit into the vortex chamber. In at leas! connecting conduit for each vortex chamber inlot.

In other embodiments, the fluid injtake is through a filter section that feeds a The connecting conduit can take a variety of

In at least one one embodiment, there is one outlet and [0024] conduit(s) running to the vortex chamber inlets forms including, for example, piping, tubing, énclosed channels and a combination of any two or more of these examples. In further îmbodiments, the vortex chamber inlets are connected to filter and/or screening intake Systems that are separate from the system with the vortex chamber, with the connection between the Systems being provided by a conduit(s). This arrangement will allow for th ; processing system to be situated outside of the water source where there would be condu t attached to the discharge ports to return the processed water to the water source or anothç i [0025] invention, described r location or vessel.

The following descriptions descrjbe different embodiments according to the Different éléments or modules embodiments. The disclosure may be exchanged and/or added to other also provides a discussion of testing and experiments conducted with prototypes bujlt according to the invention. The use of subheadings is to provide identification of différent topics being discussed in this disclosure.

a. Considérations [0026] Most of the following embodiments are configurations having a design that lends itself to operating submerged/immersed within'a subject volume of naturally flowing or contained water with the intent of inducing vital, jpurifying, energetic restorative motion into the water progressing through the system. Strict’adhérence to design criteria in at least one embodîment precludes any conditions that may resuit in the propagation of highly elevated fluid pressures, extreme fluid-discharge velocities, température élévation through other mechanical action that would resuit in are simplified with the removal of curved dt in the figures.

of the described embodiments will not be nie geometries beyond those necessary to fmbodiment, the water progresses into and mechanical action, fluid friction or any other dissimilative/dissociative tendencies resulting from recirculation, stall, dead-head, cavitation or cutting, chopping, or abrading water within the priocess. One way to accomplish this in some embodiments is the élimination (or at least miniinization) of right and/or sharp angles being présent in the conduit and chamber walls by usi ig radii on all surfaces that contact water in addition to the use of a large discharge chamber relative to the expansion and disk chambers. In some figures the components structures to minimize the number of lines prese [0027] Water sent through at least some subjected to any unnatural motion or non-orge draw water into the system. In at least one ci through the disk-pack turbine and over substant ally fiat disks. The water is discharged from the periphery of the substantially fiat disks into a discharge chamber. FIGs. 1A-1C illustrate the use of a system in a water storage container with FIG. 1A showing the water storage container prior to running the system. The discharge geometries create extreme differentials in fluid motion and a dynamic exchange of ene and the propagation of myriad vortices which manifest as visible phenomena in the body of water into which the processed water is discharged as illustrated in FIG. 1B after system start-up as compared to FIG. 1A. FIG. 1C illuslrates how the vortex 10 that is formed during running of the system is a tight substantially cylindrical vortex 10 axially centered above the expansion chamber inlet incorporated within th( disk-pack turbine.

The discharge chamber geometries reduce the effects of viscous molecular n at least one embodîment, avoiding) back d exchange of energies within the fluid. The •gy, resulting in highly varied energetic flows [0028] boundary layers as well as reducing (if not, pressures that allows for natural expansion an process culminâtes with the discharge of highly energized water through process-enhancing discharge port geometries, which follow a dise large path comprised of long radii transitions from the paraboloid-shaped discharge chambe substantially greater in diameter as comparedj to the fluid inlet geometry into the disk-pack module. The long radii and oversized dischar^es allow for the préservation of accumulated energies/motion as the water is dispersed/coritacts the greater volume. For example, in at _# ·, avoiding right or hard angles, and which are i

least one embodiment, the 0.50 inch vortex feetj inlet to the disk-pack turbine is used in a device having dual discharge ports having at least a 1.50 inch diameter from the disk-pack module. In at least one embodiment, the concentrated vortex feeding phenomena makes it possible to develop enough systemic throughpur to fully charge the discharge ports, which accomplishes the spécifie objective of at least one embodiment avoiding elevated pressures and high velocities at discharge, which conserves the energy and motion in the processed water, providing the method and means by which the Systems imitate nature's creational, transformational, cleansing power, resulting in exponential compounding and focused intensification of naturally occurring creational a|id restorative energies in such a way as to emulate the Earth’s natural dynamics. i

First Example Embodiment

FIGs. 2-10 illustrate an embodiment according to the invention. The illustrated embodiment includes a vortex module 100, a d sk-pack module 200, a motor module 300, and a pump (or intake) module 400. The pum draws water (or fluid) into the pump module wt i into the vortex module 100 that shapes the in l which continually feeds the concentrated rotatinj fluid into the disk-pack module 200 prior to discharging. In one implémentation, the illustrated embodiment in FIGs. 2 and 3 is submerged, at a minimum, to a depth to completely submerge the discharge ports of the disk-pack module 200 to allow for the intake and discharge of the water back into the water source. However in another implémentation, conduit (not shown) is connected to the pump module 400 for drawing water into it from the module 200 could discharge into additional con water source. As used in this disclosure, “ buckets, containers, tanks, swimming pools, canals, streams, rivers, domestic water wells, irrigation ditches, irrigation réservoirs, evaporative air conditioning Systems, and industrial process water Systems.

[0030] The motor module 300 illustrated, for example, in FIGs. 4-7 includes a dual shaft motor 310 that drives both a disk-pack 250 in the disk-pack module 200 and an impeller 410 in the pump module 400. In at least one embodiment, the dual shaft motor 310 is a pancake motor, although other types of motors could be 310 in at least one embodiment is electrical an such as a battery, rechargeable battery, AC p combinations of these examples. In an alternative embodiment the illustrated housing 320 for the motor module 300 is eliminated; and either in its own housing or in a cavity within th£ housing of another module, w' [0029]

b.

ip module 400, via axial centrifugal suction, ich, under positive pressure, delivers water flowing water into a through-flowing vortex vessel (or water source) and the disk-pack i duit (not shown) for retuming the water to its 'vessel”, for example, includes jars, bowls, ountains, stream-fed vemal ponds, ponds, used to rotate the disk-pack 250. The motor ib powered by a power source (not illustrated) awer supply, DC power supply, solar, or any the motor 310 is located in another module

The pump module 400 includes a botijom suction 8-bladed impeller 410 within a pie, in FIGs. 4, 6 and 7. Although the ; jntered on the height of the blade 412 that o connect to the top surface 4123 and the fiat section) that transitions into a convex [0031] triple-outlet housing 420 as illustrated, for exarrj number of blades 412 may number other than eihht, for example, any number from two to twelve. Although the blades 412 are illustrated asj being substantially vertical, in at least one embodiment the blades 412 are angled relative to an imaginary vertical plane extending radially out from the center of the impeller 410. For example in an embodiment for the Northern Hemisphere, the top of the blade will be forward of the bottom of the blade to drive the fluid towards the outlets. A rotor 414 of the impeller is coupled to the lower of two motor shafts 312 of the motor 310. FIGs. 4 and 6 illustrjate the contours of the impeller blades 412 and complîmentary contours of the pump housinç 420 that together yield high pressure, high volume, unbroken flows to each of the triple pum[ i outlets 422 to create a forced vortex in the vortex induction chamber 130. i

J

I [0032] The illustrated blades 412 hâve substantially the same lengths as illustrated in FIGs. 6 and 7. The illustrated blades 412 also share a common contour that has a substantially fiat horizontal surface 4122 until near the tip of the blade where the tip includes an arcuate section 4124 that is approximately g on either end includes a convex curve section bottom surface 4126 of the blade. The illustratjed bottom surface 4126 of each blade 412 includes a concave section (or alternatively a section that connects into the lower convex curde of the blade tip 4124. Other shapes may be utilized depending on the contour of the bottom of the pump chamber 430. In at least one illustrative embodiment, each of the blades 4 including the end points, which will be true for dll example ranges în this disclosure; length between 2.5 and 3.0 inches, height at the talles the shortest point between 0.75 and 1.1 inches of 0.3 to 0.5 inches for the convex section at th understood that référencé to dimensions is illus trative and does not preclude the sealing up or down of the blades or other components to work in smaller or larger devices.

[0033] The illustrated pump chamber 430 water from approximately a centrai point below the system through an axial passageway that opens into the bottom of the pump chamber 410 as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4. In at least one embodiment, the axial inlet 432 has a spiral pattern when viewed from above although it is not entirely horizontal as illustrated in FIG. 4, but increases in élévation from the bottom surface 421 of the pump module ⁱ 00 to the opening in the bottom of the pump chamber 430. Although an alternative structure for the inlet is to hâve at least one direct passageway (or opening) from the bottom îmto the pump chamber such as an opening passing vertically through the bottom surface 4121. va/ has the following ranges of dimensions point between 1.2 and 1.8 inches, height at thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 inches, and a radius e tip. Based on this disclosure, it should be is fed through an axial inlet 432 that draws udes a plurality of pump outlets 422. As on (or similar angle extension), in at least rom the pump module 400 to the vortex |n at least one illustrative embodiment, the [0034] The illustrated pump module 400 inc illustrated in FIGs. 3 and 7, these outlets 422 ifnay number three and be evenly spaced around the periphery of the pump module 400. Any number of outlets 422 may be provided for with the restreints being space for them and the number of inlets 132 into the vortex induction chamber 130. In an alternative embodiment, one or more outlets feed one inlet where the conduit combines and merges together. In another alternative embodiment, one outlet feeds one or more inlets through branching of the conduit.

[0035] A further example of the number of outlets 422 is in a range of from two to eight. FIG. 7 illustrâtes an example of the pump outlet; 422 being tangential extensions off of the pump chamber 430. Using a tangential extens one embodiment, furthers the création of the yortex in the vortex module 100 when, for example, the conduit (not illustrated) running module 100 continues a curved (or spiral) connection as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 19 to encourage a spinning motion for the fluid. |;

pump chamber 430 has an internai height of between 1.7 and 2.0 inches with the pump outlets 422 having a diameter of between 0.6 anp 1.1 inches.

I [0036] The illustrated pump module 400 includes a plurality of footings 424 or other supports to raise the bottom feeding inlet 432 offl of the surface on which the device is placed as illustrated, for example, in FIGs. 3 and 4. Ùowever, if the inlet(s) for the pump module 400 is not located on the bottom but, instead, along the side(s) of the housing as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 13, then it is possible to| omit the footings 424 while not impacting

I performance of the device. !

[0037] Based on this disclosure, it should be appreciated that the above-described pump module in at least one embodiment is ej pump for use separate from the described system. In at least one such an embodiment, the number of outlets equals one while in other embodiments the number of outlets is as described above.

[0038] Each of the illustrated pump outlets to a corresponding inlet 132 for the vortex induction chamber 130 in the vortex module 100. Pressurized water from the feed pump module 400 is supplied to the vortex induction chamber 130 through the inlets 132 which nre illustrated in FIGs. 2-4 and 8 as being arranged radially with a 120 degree separatior the inlets 132 are angled to further establish fluid circulation in the vortex induction chamber 130, which results in a continuous highly energetic, concentrating, through-flowing vortex as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 1C. ‘ [0039] The illustrated inlets 132 are substantially horizontal although angled to the outside of the housing 120 of the vortex module 100, for example, this angle is such that the inlet 132 enters the vortex housing 120 alonjg a line substantially tangential to the vortex

422 is connected via pipe/tubing (or conduit) between them. In at least one embodiment, chamber as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 8. An alternative approach would further angle the inlet 132 relative to an imaginary plane with a suitable modification to the vortex chamber to receive the fluid flow. One such modification would be to include an arcuate channel which, if extended, would form a descending spjral to assist with increasing the rotational speed of the fluid. In at least one embodiment, the inlets 132 hâve a diameter between 0.6 sk-pack module 200. The illustrated vortex the water into a vortex upper section 134 hape for receiving the water that opens into inel) shape with a steep vertical angle of a top to an opening 138 that reduces the ortex chamber lower section 136 having and 1.1 inches to match the size of the pump outlets 422.

[0040] As illustrated, for example, in FIGs. 4 and 8, the vortex induction chamber 130 is a cavity formed inside a housing 120 of the vortex module 100 to shape the in-flowîng water into a through-flowing vortex that is fed into the d chamber 130 includes a structure that tunnels having a bowl (or modified concave hyperbolic) si a lower section 136 having conical-like (or furji change that opens into the disk-pack module 2C 0. The vortex chamber 130 in at least one embodiment serves to accumulate, accelerate, rtimulate and concentrate the water as it is drawn into the disk-pack module 200 via centrifu jal suction. In at least one embodiment, the vortex chamber 130 is formed by a wall 137. The sides of the wall 137 follow a long radial path in the vertical descending direction from horizontal area defined by the sides of the wall 1|37 as illustrated, for example, in FIGs. 4 and

8. By way of example, in at least one illustrative embodiment, the housing 120 has diameter between 6 and 10 inches with the vortex chamber upper section 134 having diameter between 3 and 3.5 inches and the v diameter between 0.5 and 0.85 inches at openirg 138.

[0041] As illustrated, for example, in FIGjs. 4 and 8, the housing 120 of the vortex module 100 includes a two-part configuration w th a cap 122 and a main body 124. The cap 122 and the main body 124 can be attached in a variety of ways including, for example, with screws, bolts 126, adhesive, interlocking engagement such as threaded or keyed sections, etc. The cap 122 is illustrated as having the top portion of the vortex chamber 130 formed by a concentric concave dépréssion 1222 on the inside face of the cap 122. The cap 122 and the main body 124 together form the plural ty of vortex inlets 132.

[0042] The main body 124 is iKustratod as having a cylindrical shape with a passageway passing vertically through it to fonn the lower portion 136 of the vortex chamber 130. The main body 124 in at least one embodiment is attached to the disk-pack housing 220 with the same bolts 126 used to attach the cap 122 to the main body 124 as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4. Other examples for il module 200 include adhesive, screws, and iri keyed sections. FIGs. 4 and 10 also illustrât os that the main body 124 and the disk-pack module 200 may include a variety of protrusidns and complimentary grooves/slots for lining ttaching the main body 124 to the disk-pack iterlocking engagement such as threaded or the two pièces together in addition to the main boby 124 and vortex chamber 130 extending below the rest of the bottom 1242 of the main body 124 to provide an overlap with the expansion chamber 252 in the disk-pack module 200.

[0043] As the rotating, charging water passes through the base discharge opening 138 of the vortex induction chamber 130 it is exposed to a depressive/vacuum condition as it enters into the revolving expansion and distribution chamber (or expansion chamber) 252 in the disk-pack module 200 as illustrated in FIG. 4. The disk-pack module 200 includes the revolving expansion chamber 252 that is illustrated as having an oval/elliptical/egg-shape chamber that includes a curved bottom portion prbvided by a rigid feature 2522 incorporated into the bottom rotor 268 of the disk-pack turbine 250. Most of the volumétrie area for the expansion chamber 252 is formed by the centeif holes in the separated stacked disks 260 which serve as water inlet and distribution ports for stacked disk chambers 262. The top portion of the expansion chamber 252 roughly mirrors the bottom with the addition of an opening passing through an upper rotor 264 th at is bordered by a curved structure. The opening is centered axially with the vortex induepon chamber 130 above it as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4.

[0044] An example of a disk-pack turbine 250 is illustrated in FIG. 4. The illustrated disk-pack turbine 250 includes the top rotor 264, a plurality of stacked disks 260, and the bottom rotor 268 having a concave radial dépréssion 2522 in its top surface 2682 that provides a bottom for the expansion and distrit i rotor 268 includes an integrally formed motor liub 269. The motor hub 269 provides the interface to couple the disk-pack 250 to the upper drive shaft 314 extending from the motor module 300 as illustrated, for example, in FIG pièces, the motor hub may be integrally formed bottom rotor 268, and/or the motor hub 269 are coupled to the housing 220 with a bearing element 280 or hâve a bearing incorporated into the piece to allow for substantially reduced rotational friction of the disk-pack 250 relative te the motor.

[0045] Each of the disks 260 includes an with stacked disk openings substantially aligne d with each other to define a portion of the expansion chamber 252. The opening of the fop rotor 264 is axially aligned with the outlet 138 of the vortex induction chamber 130 prov h pass between the two respective chambers. Ir disks 260 has a diameter between 1 and 2 inches with the disks 260 having an outside ution chamber 252. The illustrated bottom . 4. Although illustrated as being separate with the bottom rotor. The top rotor 264, the the housing as driven by the drive shaft and c

l apening (or hole) passing through its center iding a pathway through which the fluid can at least one embodiment, the opening in the diameter of 5 to 6 inches.

i [0046] Centrifugal suction created by fjuid progressing from the inner disk-pack chamber openings, which are the holes in the center of the disks 260 illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4, toward the periphery of the disk chambers 262 establishes the primary force that draws, progresses, pressurizes and discharges fluid from the disk-pack turbine 250. The viscous molecular boundary layer présent on the rotating disk surfaces provides mechanical advantage relative to impelling fluid-through and out of the disk-pack turbine 250. Additional impelling influences are derived from the rotating wing-shims 270 (examples of which are illustrated in FIGs. 31-37), which simultaneously provide structure and support for the disks 260 in the disk-pack turbine 250 and are responsable for maintaining disk place by the housing 220 of the disk-pack rge chamber 230 in which the disk-pack 250 positions and séparation tolérances. The wing-^hims 270 are designed to create minimal disturbance of flows relative, for example, to résistance, turbulence, and cavitation, by way of the designed wing geometry that aids in the génération of peripheral suction conditions as

I well as production of variations in high and low pressure fluid dynamic velocities and the propagation of vortices, which ail work synergistically to boost system flow-through dynamics and efficiencies.

[0047] FIG. 4 also provides an illustration cjf wing shims 270 being used to space and support the disks 260 from each other to proviîde space 262 through which water travels from the expansion chamber 252 to the discharge chamber 230. As will be discussed in a later section regarding the wing shims 270, the structure, the number, and the location of the wing shims 270 can vary along with their structure and dynamic function.

[0048] The disk-pack turbine 250 is held ir module 200. The housing 220 includes a dischs i rotâtes. The discharge chamber 230 is illustated, for example, in FIG. 4 as having a hyperbolic parabloid cross-section that teads t) a plurality of discharge ports 232 on the outside periphery of the housing 220. In this illu itrated embodiment, there are two discharge ports 232, but more discharge ports 232 may b( discharge ports 232 are equally spaced around 2, 3 and 10, which also illustrâtes the outside Ieast one illustrative embodiment, the housinà 220 has a diameter between 10 and 14 inches; the discharge chamber 230 has a dameter between 7 and 8 inches; and the discharge port 232 has an opening diamete' of between 0.8 and 2 inches, and more particularly between 1.5 and 2 inches. ;

[0049] The highly concentrated energetic pressurized, rotating through-flowing water converges and is discharged through the base outlet 138 of the vortex chamber 130 before diverging into the expansion chamber 252 in tfe disk-pack module 200, where the energetic fluid rapidly expands within the elliptical rotating expansion chamber 252. spinning, expanding fluid is divided, distributed chambers 262 formed by the gap/space/sepa ation between the disks 260 within the diskpack turbine 250 as iiiustrated, for example, ih FIG. 4. Although fluid is fed into the disk- added and, in at Ieast one embodiment, the the housing periphery as illustrated in FIGs. bf the disk-pack module housing 220. In at

There, the and accelerated between multiple separated least one embodiment where the vortex pack turbine 250 under positive pressure in at chamber outlet 138 diameter is intentionally restripted. The fact that a large volume of fluid is capable of passing through the restricted orific^ 138 is a direct resuit of the concentrated, focalized nature of the vortex feed. Nonetheless, the efficiency of the feed rate is also impacted by the level of propagating suction forces within the fluid originating with the centrifugal forces from the spinning disk chambers 262.

[0050] Centrifugal suction created by fluid progressing from the expansion chamber 252 toward the periphery of the disk chambers 262| establishes the primary force that draws, progresses, pressurizes and discharges fluid from the disk-pack turbine 250. The viscous molecular boundary layer présent on the rotating disk surfaces provides mechanical advantage relative to impelling fluid through arfid out of the disk-pack turbine 250. For example, additional impelling influences, in at lejast one embodiment, are derived from the rotating wing-shims 270, which simultaneously xovide structural integrity to the disk-pack turbine 250 and are responsable for maintaininci disk positions and séparation tolérances. The wing-shims 270 are desîgned to create résistance, turbulence, and cavitation. The illus of peripheral suction conditions as well as prodi fluid dynamic velocities and the propagation o boost system flow-through dynamics and efficier cies.

[0051] As mentioned above, once the fluid passes through the disk-pack turbine 250, it enters the discharge chamber 230 in which the disk-pack turbine 250 rotâtes. As illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4, the discharge chamberj 230 is an ample, over-sized, geometrically torus/paraboloid shaped chamber within the dislt-pack module 200. The discharge chamber 230 gathers the fluid after it has passed through the disk-pack turbine 250 to accumulate, exchange energies, and further generate, for example, mixed flows, pressures, counterflows, currents, vortices, and température. The highly energetic fluid smoothly transitions to be discharged at low pressure and velocity tlirough the plurality of over-sized discharge ports 232 back into the environment from which the presence of two discharge ports 232 that aie over-sized as compared to the inlet into the expansion chamber. As illustrated, for example, in FIG. 4, the tallest portion 230T of the discharge chamber 230 is approximately at a cistance from center equal to the radius of the disk-pack turbine 250. The height of the discharge chamber 230 decreases from the tallest portion 230T to the periphery 234 of the dischiirge chamber 230 to form a curved outer wall as illustrated in FIG. 10 except for where the discharge ports 232 are located as illustrated in FIG. 4.

minimal disturbance of flows relative to rated wing-shims 270 aid in the génération iction of variations in high and low pressure f vortices, which ali work synergistically to the fluid was taken. FIGs. 4 and 10 illustrate [0052] While progressing through the vprtex induction chamber 130, the expansion chamber 252, over disk-pack surfaces, throug i the discharge chamber 230 and out through to a multiplicity of dynamic action and •île in concert to achieve desired outcomes its discharge ports 232, the fluid is exposed reactionary forces and influences, ail of which woi relative to water-enhancing processes.

Second Example Embodiment [0053] FIGs. 11-15 illustrate another embodiment according to the invention that shares similarîties with the previous embodiment despite différences in the extemal design for the vortex module 100A and combination motor ard intake module 400A. An example of material that can be used to manufacture the housings for these modules includes a broad range of plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PV styrene, acetal, acrylic, and polyethynols; carbon 1 steel and brass.

The combination motor and intake madule 400A as illustrated in FIGs. 11-12B al screen 426A (or other filtering structure, base 428A with an enclosed bottom. The

c.

C), polycarbonate, acryronitrîle butadîene fiber; Teflon; and metals such as stainless arvae, and other débris. Once the water [0054] includes a housing 420A that includes a cylindridi see, e.g., FIGs. 16-19 and 21) with a cylindrical I housing 420A surrounds a motor 310A that is meunted under the disk-pack module 200A for driving the disk-pack 250A with its single shaft 314A (as a double shaft is not needed for this embodiment with the omission of an impe(ler). In an alternative embodiment, the motor is located in a protective housing isolating it from th e disk-pack module and further protects the motor from the fluid beyond the protection offert d by the motor housing. The screen 426A provides a barrier for extraneous material that may be présent in the water (or other fluid) such as algae, rocks, sticks, animais, animai passes through the screen 426A, it will then lie drawn into the plurality of conduits (not shown) connecting the intake module 400A with does not include an impeller to draw in the water and feed the connecting conduit, because the disk-pack turbine 250A is relied on to draw in the fluid. This embodiment is an example of minimal footings 424A being used on the bo tom of the system compared to the relative footing size on the previous embodiment illustra¹ ed, for example, in FIG. 3.

The combination motor and intake mjodule 400A and the vortex module 100A are Each module includes an equal number of the vortex module 100A. This embodiment [0055] connected together with conduit (not shown).

connectera (outlets 422A/inlets 132A, respectivi ily). For illustration purposes, an exampfe of a connecter 132A, 422A that can be used is th flexible piping to be placed over the connecter for easy replacement of the conduit if needed connectera 132A, 422A may be integrally fonr as illustrated, for example, in FIGs. 13 and coupling) connection between the housing 120A, 420A and the connecter 132A, 422A.

s illustrated barbed connecter that allows for 132A, 422A te form the connection, allowing as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 11. The ed with their respective module's housing or hâve a threaded (or other mechanical

Other examples of mechanical coupling include, for example, ring channels on the inside of the connecter and protrusions or O-rings on the putside of the conduit to substantially seal and connect the pièces, clamps around the outside of tubing that connects over the connectors, and barbs or other protrusions on the connectera to more firmly engage connected tubing. The illustrated arrangement of the connectors 132A, 422A facilitâtes the flow of water through the connectors 132A, 422A, particularly for the vortex chamber 130A

130A allows for the tangential addition of

A angled for reverse motion and the motor i^eful in the Earth’s Southern Hemisphere.

100A remains the same in terms of its

... ... .. . .

y out from the outside of the vortex chamber the support ring 125A where the walls 126A be omitted. In addition to the support walls with the water flowing in a counterctockwise direction to support the formation of a vortex. The angle of the connector 132A relative to the fjousing 120A in the illustrated embodiment is an acute angle between the flows of water. In at least one embodiment, the angle of the connector 132A relative to the vortex chamber water into the vortex chamber 130A. In an alternative embodiment, the system is arranged with the inlets 132A into the vortex chamber 13C .

OA built for turning the disk-pack turbine 250Ά in the reverse direction for création of a clockwise rotation of the fluids, which would be u [0056] The structure of the vortex module operation; however, the illustrated external housing 120A is smaller and more fitted about the vortex chamber 130A with the addition of structural support members 126A extending up from a bottom plate 128A that connects to the disk-pack module 200A to a point part way up the vortex module 100A to a support ring 125A. The support ring 125A in the illustrated embodiment is located at about the height of w here the vortex chamber walls approach an angle in excess of 75 degrees, although other peights are possible. The support members 126A, as illustrated, are walls that extend radial 130A to a distance approximating the radius of each hâve a support column 127A, which may 126A, FIG. 13 illustrâtes the presence of additional support walls 123A extending above the support ring 125A and abutting the bottom of the housing 120A around an upper section of the vortex chamber 130A. In a further embodiment, the support structure is omitted or configured in a different way. ί [0057] The disk-pack module 200A has some similarities to the previously described disk-pack module 200A as illustrated in FIG. 1^A-13. The disk-pack turbine 250A includes a top plate 264A, a plurality of disks 260A, ancl a bottom plate 268A that includes a motor coupling (or hub). The top plate 264A and the bottom plate 268A mounted in the housing 220A in at least one embodiment with a bea ing element 280A serving as the connection point at the top and bottom to allow for rotation of the disk-pack turbine 250A, as illustrated in FIG. 13. As illustrated in FIG. 14, the disk254A connecting plates 264A, 268A and the wing shims 270A. The wing shims 270A in khis embodiment are spaced in from the disk ' pack turbine 250A includes at least two bolts cjisks 260A together in addition to a plurality of periphery as illustrated in FIG. 15. The illustrateid discharge chamber 252A has a slightiy different toroid/paraboloid shape, as illustrated φ FIGs. 12A and 12B, than the previous !

embodiment. The disk-pack turbine 250A includes an ova) expansion chamber in which to receive the incoming water flow from the vortex chamber 130A. The disk-pack turbine 250A in this embodiment, as illustrated, is a larger disk-pack than the previous embodiment in terms of the number of stacked disks 260A. The outside diameter of the disk-pack turbine outer concave section. The outer concave n that merges into an arcuate side wall. As

250A and the main housing 220A, as well as the vortex chamber 130A, are significantly larger and the vortex chamber 130A has substantially greater depth as compared to the previously described embodiment.

[0058] The discharge chamber 230A indu les a pair of laterally concave sections connected by a convex section along the ceiling <ind the floor. The discharge chamber 230A is taller in the inner concave section than in the section is connected with a second convex sectidi with the previous embodiment, two discharge ports 232A are illustrated as exiting from the discharge chamber 230A.

[0059] In a further embodiment, the system i s wrapped with filter material to act as a first stage filter to prevent large particies from enterin j the intake module 400A.

d. Third Example Embodiment [0060] An alternative of the above-describe d embodiment is to locate the motor in its own housing and relocate the intake module 40') to around the vortex module 100 such that the connecting conduit is omitted. In this embodiment, the vortex chamber intakes will draw water through the surrounding screen enclosurs directly into the vortex chamber based on suction forces resulting from movement of watei [0061] through and out of the disk-pack.

One possible structure for this embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 16. This embodiment places an input module 400B having a filter 426B (or other screen structure) above and around the top of the vortex modulé 100B. This embodiment will feed the water into the top of the vortex chamber 130B. ^! [0062] A second possible structure for thii embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 17. This embodiment includes a plurality of inlets 132C into the vortex chamber 130C around the side of the vortex module 100C. The addition is this placement of a screen (or other filter) 426C around the top portion of the vortex module 1 ( OC to cover the inlets 432C. In at least one embodiment, the screen 426C is placed next tq or abutting the inlets 432C, and as such may f

be a cover that is placed over the inlets 432C. !

f [0063] In another embodiment illustrated i l FIG. 18, a screen 426D is spaced from the inlets to provide a gap between them, and as such may resemble a cap over the top of the vortex module 100D similar to the structure depicted in FIG. 16. jx''' t

i i

e. Fourth Example Embodiment [0064] FIGs. 19 and 20 illustrate an embodimint according to the invention that includes a vortex module 100, a disk-pack module 200, a|nd a motor module 400E (or combination motor and intake module 400E). The illustrated motor module 400E includes a single shaft motor (not shown) and a mounting section 420E that has incorporated into it three water charging suction ports 422E and a water screen 426E. This example embodiment relies on a suction-generated flow-through feeding vortex utilizing, exclusively, rotary suction generated via the rotating disk-pack turbine. t [0065] Water is supplied to the vortex induction chamber via the three water-charging suction ports 422E (or outlets) which are incorporated into a plastic ring structure 420E that he three inlet suction ports 422E may be between them to draw water through the Water pulled into the device via the diik-pack turbine 250 generated suction, is the triple inlets 132, which are illustrated as paration between them. In at least one to establish fluid circulation in the vortex is highly energetic, concentrating, throughalso serves as the primary motor mount. Each of the three illustrated inlet ports 132E having a barbed fitting to which tubing 490 is attached and connected to each of the three corresponding vortex induction chamber inlets. arranged radially with a 120 degree séparation filter.

supplied to the vortex induction chamber through being arranged radially with a 120 degree se| embodiment, the triple inlets 132 are angled induction chamber, which results in a continuod flowing vortex. FIG. 19 illustrâtes an example of the conduit 490 curved between the motor i

module 400E and the vortex module 100.

[0066] In this illustrative embodiment, the eff ciency of the feed rate remains intentionally restricted for purposes of propagating great ϊγ suction forces within the fluid, which accentuâtes the degree of fluid expansion prix to distribution of the fluid into the disk chambers 262. !

[0067] Prototypes built according to this embodiment utilizing a disk-pack assembled with ail stainless steel disks and a disk gap tolérance of between 2.0 and 2.7 mm hâve precipitated dissolved and suspended solids an 1 deposited them in low flow/eddy zones on the bottom of the container (or vessel) from whi :h the source water was drawn and returned in what can be considered a closed re-circulating application of the device.

f. Fifth Example Embodiment [0068] FIGs. 21-26C illustrate a furthei example embodiment according to the invention. The illustrated embodiment is similar to prior embodiments. The illustrated embodiment is approximately 18 inches tall with a base (excluding the outlets 422F) having a diameter of approximately 11 inches and the distance between the opening of the discharge ports 232F having a distance of hppfoximately 11.7 inches.

The illustrated embodiment includes a vortex module 100F, a disk-pack module 200F, and a combined motor/intake module 400F.

[0069] As illustrated, for example, in FIGs. 23A-23D, motor/intake module 400F includes a pair of screens 426F, 427F that together with a base 420F provide the housing for the module 400F. The inner screen 426F attaches ta the base 420F and the bottom of the diskare any openings through which the water pack module 200F and over it is placed the outer screen 427F that is able to at least partially rotate over the inner screen 426F. The outer screen 427F includes a lever (or handle) 4272F, which may be omitted, that assists in rota ion of the outer screen 427F relative to the inner screen 426F. The pair of screens, 426F, 427F each includes a pluraiity of slots 4262F, 4276F, respectively, spaced around their periph^ry. The relative position of the two screens 426F, 427F to each other define whether there may pass along with the size of the resulting ojpenings. In at least one embodiment, the screens 426F, 427F together are a filter. In use be small enough to block a vast majority of débris and other material présent in the water being processed. In an alternative embodiment, to vertical. |

É [0070] The outer screen 427F illustrated in FIG. 23D includes an axially centered opening 4274F that provides an area through wiich the base of the disk-pack module 200F can be attached to the inner screen 426F. FIG outer screen 427F in at least one embodiment periphery of the opening 4274F there are a reciprocal structures on the inner screen 426F screen 427F relative to the inner screen 426 understood that a variety of other approaches rr [0071] the openings will be set such that they will the slots 4262F, 4276F are slanted relative

23D also illustrâtes an example of how the engages the inner screen 426F, around the pluraiity of serrations 4278F that engage to allow for incrémental rotation of the outer F. Based on this disclosure, it should be ay be used in place of the serrations 4278F.

FIGs. 21 and 23B, for example, illiistrate an example of a power supply hole 4202F for the power supply and/or control wire(s) (not illustrated) to pass through the housing of the motor/intake module 400F.

example, the power supply hole 4202F may >e incorporated into other embodiments, for example, FIGs. 1A and 29.

[0072] body 124F. The main body 124F has a top op inches before narrowing down to an outlet 1 inches over a distance of approxîmately 6.2 inches. The upper section 134F over at least a portion has a radius of approxîmately 0.3· corresponding attachaient holes 1244F to ail body 124F as illustrated, for example, in FIG appreciated that there are a variety of ways te

Although illustrated in connection with this

FIGs. 24A and 24B illustrate a vortex module 100F with a cap 122F and a main ening having a diameter of approxîmately 4.6 38F having a diameter of approxîmately 0.8

I4 inches. The main body 124F includes bw the cap 122F to be secured to the main

i. 22. Based on this disclosure, it should be attach the cap 122F and the main body 124F y-j together.

[0073] The embodiment illustrated in FIGst 21 and 24B include structure support members 126F similar to that of the second example embodiment that each include a support column 127F extending down from the top of the main body 124F to abut against a support column 123F extending up from a support plate 128F. The support plate 128F includes an axially centered opening having a diameter of approximately 1.3 inches through which the main body 124F. The main body 124ÎF includes an outlet of the vortex chamber 130F extending below the housing to engage the disk-pack turbine 250F in the disk-pack module 200F.

[0074] FIGS. 25A-25C illustrate a disk-pack ifnodule 200F that receives the fluid from the vortex chamber 130D. The disk-pack module 200F includes two housing pièces 2202F, 2204F that are identical to each other thus expediting assembly of the device. Each housing piece also includes an axially centered opening having a diameter to allow for the vortex chamber to pass through or the motor shaft depending upon orientation of the housing piece in the assembled device. In the illustrated embodiment in FIG. 22, the housing pièces 2202F, 2204F include attachaient holes 2206F

Based on this disclosure, it should be appreciatjed that there are a variety of ways to attach the two housing pièces 2202F, 2204F together.

of the housing pièces 220F and the discharçje chamber 230F into which the disk-pack turbine 250F résides.

I

I [0075] FIGs. 26A-26C illustrate an examp used in described embodiment. The disk-pacl

4.3 inches with a diameter of approximately S.

fit within the vortex chamber discharge 230D for receiving a boit or the like (not shown).

FIG. 25C illustrâtes a cross-section of one ί

e of a disk-pack turbine 250F that can be turbine 250F has a height of approximately .5 inches and an expansion chamber 252D m the axial center of the rotor. The bottom with a diameter of approximately 1.1 inches to along with a bearing member. The top rotor 204F includes a cylindrical intake and openings for connecting to wing shims 270F spaced frc rotor 268F has a similar structure to the top rotor 264F, but instead of an opening passing through its axial center there is a motor mount and a concave feature 2522F axially centered on the plate to form the bottom of the expansion chamber 252F. The illustrated disk-pack turbine 250F includes 16 disks 260F having < height of approximately 0.05 inches spaced apart approximately 0.05 inches with approximately 1.7 inches between the top rotor 264F and the bottom rotor 268F.

[0076] FIG. 26C also illustrâtes an alternative embodiment for the wing shim 270F that includes spacers similar to those discussed ir connection to FIGs. 33A-35. One différence is that the opening in the spacer and the open member 273F. The standoff member 273F in rotor 264F and the bottom rotor 268F with boffs 276F. Ά/ ng in the disk are sized to fit around a standoff at least one embodiment is attached to the top

g-	Sixth Example Embodiment
[0077]	FIGs. 27A and 27B illustrate a further example embodiment according to the
invention.	1 This illustrated embodiment combines the intake module and the vortex module

100G together such that the vortex module 100G draws the water (or other fluid) directly into the vortex chamber 130G. This embodiment also places the motor module 3106 at the bottom of the device to drive the disk-pack 250G,|Which is driven by driveshaft 3146.

[0078] The vortex module 100G includes a vortex chamber 130G that runs from the top of the vortex module housing 120G where a plure lity of openings 132G is présent. One way for the vortex chamber 130G to attach to the housing 120G is through a screw connection such that the inside of the housing 120G includes a plurality of grooves to receive the protrusions 131G around the top of the vortex ch are illustrated as having a spiral configuration, while still providing for flow of water (or other fl uid) into the device. As illustrated in FIG. 27B, the vortex chamber 130G includes a collection area that is substantially of the same diameter as the area covered by the intake openings 132G. As water flows through the vortex chamber 130G, the rotation is assisted by a floor area before beginning a steep descent int [0079] The illustrated disk-pack module in 2202G and a bottom part 2204G that provides around the disk-pack turbine 250G in additiofi to providing the channels that form the discharge ports. As illustrated in FIGs. 27A and 2204G of the housing hâve complementary grolove and protrusion patterns to allow for the parts to mate together to form the housing for the disk-pack module. The lower plate 420G of the intake module 400G is attached to the vortex module housing 120G with a plurality of bolts 126G that sandwich the disk-pack hiusing parts 2202G, 2204G together to mechanically seal them together.

[0080] FIG. 27B provides a view of an exar iple of a cross-section that may be used for the discharge chamber 230G that provides a substantially fiat surface before expanding the height of the discharge chamber 230G by having the floor and ceiling of the chamber curve away from each other such that the maximum the center substantially equal to the radius of tlie disk-pack turbine 250G. Beyond the point of maximum height in the discharge chamber 230G, the floor and the ceiling curve towards each other to form the side wall through which chamber 230G.

[0081] FJG. 27B also provides an exanq chamber 130G and the expansion chamber 252G where the bottom end 138G of the vortex chamber 130G extends into the distribution chamber 252G. w amber 130G. Although the openings 132G other opening arrangements are possible the closing in of the chamber walls to form :b the inlet for the disk-pack turbine 250G. éludes a housing formed with a top part he space for the discharge chamber 230G

27B the top part 2202G and the bottom part height of the chamber is at a distance from the discharge outlets exit from the discharge pie of the connection between the vortex »

i or module 300G is located below the disk|/vn in cross-section in FIG. 27B) drives a [0082] In this illustrated embodiment, the mo pack module 200G. The motor 310G (not sho driveshaft 314G that engages the disk-pack turbine 250G.

[0083] In a further alternative embodiment, a vortex impeller is located above the vortex chamber to drive the rotation of the water into the vortex chamber from the intake source, which could be from, for example, an intake module of one of the prevîous embodiments or directly fed into the vortex module from outside the system as discussed in the fifth example embodiment.

Seventh Example Embodiment

FIGs. 28A and 28B illustrate a furt

FIG. 28B illustrâtes a top view withoilit the top of the vortex module 100H being The illustrated embodiment includes

h.

[0084] invention.

er example embodiment according to the internai conduit (or passageways) 490H présent.

running up through the walls of the disk-pack nhodule 200H and the vortex module 100H. The internai conduit 490H runs from the intake 432H that include openings passing through th near the top of the vortex chamber 130H. Each vortex chamber 130H is a vortex inlet. Althougt variety of number of conduits could be used. The flow of fluid from the vortex chamber 130H through the disk-pack turbine 250H out through tie disk chambers 262 into the accumulation chamber 230H and then out the discharge ports 232H is similar to the embodiments discussed above.

module 400H, which is fed through inlets ib intake chamber bottom 420H, to a point junction between the conduit 490H and the four conduits are illustrated in FIG. 28B, a

i.

es of sweetening ports that could be added

Eighth Example Embodiment [0085] FIGs. 29 and 30 illustrate two examp to the above-described embodiments.

[0086] Illustrated in FIG. 29 is an alternative embodiment with at least one additional sweetening/supplemental inlet (or feed inlet) 13221 is added to each of the vortex inlets 1321 to the vortex module 1001. The sweetening inle is similar in structure to the other inlets and, in £ are evenly spaced to allow for continuai introc i during operation of the system. FIG. 29 aise includes a window 12241 présent in the cap 1221. Based on this disclosure, it should be appreciated that other embodiments in this disclosure could also include a window in the top of the vortex chamber. The lower portion of the that discussed in the fifth example embodiment [0087]

13221 in at least one alternate embodiment t least one further embodiment, ail the inlets uction of sweetening material into the fluid illustrâtes an alternative embodiment that ; vortex module 1001 is substantially similar to above.

FIG 30 illustrâtes another inlet arrangement that includes at least one sweetening inlet 123J located on the top of the vortex housing 120J with at least one embodiment having i

the inlet at a shallow angle to the horizontal ajnd enter!ng on a line that is substantially parallel to a tangential line. In a further embodipent, the sweetening port 123J includes a lever handle 1232J (représentative of a valve) to control the opening/closing of the sweetening inlet 123J. In an alternative embodiment, a handle similar to the lever handle 1232J is added to the sweetening iniets 13221 from the previous embodiment.

[0088] The sweetening inlets will allow for introduction of sweetening material that could be any désirable agent for the fluid being processed to have other material that would be added coagulate and/or blend with the fluid. In a further embodiment, the sweetening inlet includes a small valve and a tube (or port), whictl would ailow for introduction of atmospheric air into the vortex chamber 130.

j. Ninth Example Embodiment [0089] The various embodiments discussed input modules allowing the disk pack to draw the expansion chamber. In a further embodiment, tt< and the disk pack discharges the water directly into the container that it is running in. These enhbodiments may be combined together in a further embodiment. One impact of running the vortex created leads to the création of extremely bénéficiai for mixing of the water présent in the

Experimental Systems have been capable of establishing a very concentrated “eye of the whiripool which will draw in surface air at disk-pack submerged depths of more than two feet.

above, without the vortex chamber or other fluid directly from the water source into the e housing around the disk pack is removed from the periphery of the disk-pack directly system in an open configuration is that the powerful whirlpools that are believed will be vessel containing the water being treated.

k.

Tenth Example Embodiment

The illustrated and above-descnbe id embodiments may take a variety of

Likewise, the above described bodies of water such as large réservoirs or the power of the motor. Additionally, the [0090] dimensions depending upon the desired application, embodiments may be scaled up to work in large lakes. One way to scale the size is to increase t ie dimensions of the system to increase the throughput in the system along with increasing number of disks in the disk-packs in most embodiments will range between 2 to 14 disks, but the number of disks may be greater than 14. he size in terms of thickness and diameter (both of the opening and the disk itself) can vary depending on the application and the desired throughput. There has been one devise built according to an embodiment of the invention that was able to manage a multi-iicre lake in part because the process is communicative as treated water propagates anc an alternative embodiment, multiple smaller unit » are used in place of a larger unit, -V” cornes into contact with untreated water. In ristics to détermine the speed at which the

I. Controller ί [0091] The above-described motor modules 300/400 may be provided with a variety of operation, control, and process monitoring featuns. Examples include a switch (binary and variable), computer controlled, or buîlt-in controller résident in the motor module 300. Examples of a built-in controller include an application spécifie integrated circuit, an analog circuit, a processor or a combination of these. FIGs. 19 and 20 illustrate an example of a controller 500, alternatively the controller provides the power to the motor. The controller in at least one embodiment provides control of the motor via a signal or direct control of the power provided to the motor. The controller in at least one embodiment is programmed to control the RPM of the motor over a predetermined time based on time of day/week/month/year or length of time since pr jeess start, and in other embodiments the controller responds to the one or more charactei motor is operated.

[0092] In at least one embodiment, the con amperage, and RPM of the motor to détermine the motor for operation. Other examples of i demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), pH, ORP, dissolved oxygen (DO), bound oxygen and other concentrations of éléments respond accordingly by automatically adjustinb operational speeds and run times. embodiments that utilize electrolytic and magne operation of the System with respect to these sweetening inlets, the flow (or release) rate of for example, based on concentration of the material or other substances in the fluid, fluid properties, etc.

roller monitors at least one of the voltage, :he appropriate level of power to provide to nput parameters include chemical oxygen $nd/or lack thereof and hâve the controller In :ic effects, the controller will also control the effects. In embodiments that include the he material being added can be controlled,

m.

ipnples of placement of the wing shims and As hâve been illustrated in the Figures odiments, the number and location of wing

Wing Shims [0093] FIGs. 31A-37 illustrate different exa configurations of the wing shims themselves. connected to the various above-described eml· shims can also vary between devices built accoiding to the invention.

[0094] As illustrated, for example, in FIGs. forms and locations as will be developed more wing shims enhance the flow dynamics of undesirable turbulence, detrimental internai fldw characteristics and avoiding (or, at least, minimizing) cavitations of the fluid as it passes around the wing shims.

[0095] FIGs. 31A-31D illustrate a wing sh i and a wing 274K. Each wing 274K includes i

Î1A-37, the wing shims can take a variety of rully below. In at least one embodiment, the the fluid being processed by minimizing m that includes a plurality of spacers 272K a leading edge 2742K and a trailing edge_A/22

2744K with a mîddle section 2746K between the two edges as illustrated in FIG. 31 C, which illustrâtes the left side as the leading edge and the right side as the trailing edge. The two edges 2742K, 2744K extend from the mîddle section 2746K and taper down to an edge for their free ends. The mîddle section 2746K includes a pair of protrusions 2747K, 2748K and a groove 2479K running the length of the wing 274K. Each disk 260K in the disk-pack turbine 250K includes a cut-out 2602K along its edge to match the protrusions 2747K, :he spacers 272K slid into position on the (see, e.g., FIG. 31 B) is présent between place relative to the disks 260K and to

2748K and groove 2749K of the wing shim 270K as illustrated in FIG. 31 D. The wing 274K is slid into and through the cutouts 2602K with wing 274K such that at least one spacer 272K adjacent disks 260K to hold the wing 274K in maintain disk séparation (i.e., form disk chambsrs). The spacers 272K include a cutout 2722K that matches the structure of the wing 27Ύ for mechanical/geometric orientation and engagement (including frictional engagement) be other components as illustrated in FIGs. 31B and for example, interlock, coupled, or mounted to e avoiding the need for adhesives that may lose alternative embodiment, a spacer is placed on thé outside of the top and bottom disks. [0096] FIGs. 32A-32C illustrate a different w 272L and a wing 274L. The wing 274L includes section 2742L as illustrated in FIG. 32A. As il substantially a cylindrical portion with the wing having a triangular horizontal cross-section. 1 2749L running its length on either side of the vdïng 274L where the engagement and wing sections 2746L, 2742L meet that provide a place slide and attach to the wing 274L as illustrated i i tapered section 2724L with two engagement ai area 2726L formed between the arms 2722L for the wing 274L. The illustrated disks 260L indu 1 of the disks 260L that is spaced from the periphery for passing the wing 274L through to secure the disks 260L in relative position to each other with at least one spacer 272L being located between adjacent disks 260L as illust spacer 272L forms a surface area to eut through [0097] FIGs. 33A-33C illustrate a wing shiin and a threaded boit 276M connecting them. Each spacer 272M, when viewed from its top, has a cross-section akin to a wing with an opei thickest) portion as illustrated in FIG. 33A. The ill rotated in a counterclockwise direction with thfe ! tween the pièces without the use of bolts or

C. The pièces are physically connected, inch other in addition to the disks 260K thus effectiveness over time during use. In an ng shim that includes a plurality of spacers an engagement section 2746L and a wing jstrated, the engagement section 2746L is section 2742L extending away from it and he wing 274L includes a pair of channels for the ends 2722L of the spacers 272L to

FIG. 32B. The spacers 272L each hâve a ifms 2722L extending from it with a circular engaging the engagement section 2746L of e an opening 2602L passing through each ated in FIG. 32C. The wing 274L with a the water présent between the disks 260L.

270M having a plurality of spacers 272M :ning 2726M passing through its tallest (or lustrated wing shim 270M is designed to be i disk-pack turbine 250M, thus providing a «ν' of the dises to each other and to insure that having a plurality of spacers 272N and a nd opening 2728N passing through each of at least one embodîment provide proper In at least one leading edge that is short and more abrupt compared to the traîlîng edge for moving through the fluid in the disk chambers. As illustrated in FIG. 33A, at least one spacer 272M is placed between adjacent disks 260M in the disk-pack 250M to control the height of the disk chambers. The threaded boit 276M is placed through the stack of disks 260M and spacers 272M to connect them together and hold them in place as illustrated in FIG. 33B. Unlike the previous wing shim embodiments, the top and bottom rotors as illustrated in FIG. 33C include a plurality of openings passing throuçh the rotor for engaging the plurality of threaded bolts to maintain the relative placement the disk-pack turbine moves as one when rotatod. The openings in the disk-pack turbine, when aligned, form a channel through which the bolts pass. In an alternative version, the bottom rotor includes a plurality of recesses iii place of openings such that the bottom surface of the bottom rotor is smooth.

[0098] FIG. 34 illustrâtes another wing shim threaded boit 276M connecting them. The différence with the previous wing shim is the addition of locking pins 278N, which in at least one embodîment are shorter than the threaded bolts 276M, and the addition of a secc the spacers 272N. The locking pins 278N ir orientation and alignment for the spacers 2’2N of the wing shim.

embodîment, the locking pins 278N fit into recesses présent in the top and bottom plates and are secured between these plates. In at least between 0.5 and 0.75 inches, a width at its w < large opening diameter of between 0.075 and 0.' between 0.05 and 0.08 inches. In at least one qmbodiment, the locking pin 278N is selected from a group including piano wire, a métal mem [0099] FIG. 35 illustrâtes an example of example with the addition of more wing shims ΐ 70N being présent and having them spaced at two different radial distances from the center 3f the disk-pack turbine with one set near the periphery of the disks 260P and the second set spaced further in from the periphery of the disks 260P. This example is offered to show tf ; be varied along with the placement of them.

[0100] FIG. 36 Illustrâtes the wing shim 27DQ being integrally formed with the disk-pack turbine 250Q as one piece that is manufactured by a rapid prototyping method utilizing a polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene styre ie (ABS) plastic blend. Another approach for manufacturing this one piece design is to use ir jection molding around a water soluble core. [0101] In at least one embodîment, the thr jaded boit, standoff member, the locking pins and the like are examples of connection memb ïrs.

[0102] The various wing shims are illus i

one embodîment, the spacer has a length dest point between 0.1 and 0.25 inches, a 125 inches, and a small opening diameter of jer, and a non-conductive material.

wing shims 270N similar to the previous at the number of wing shims 270N used can rated for use in counterclockwise Systems. ^/ 24

Most of these wing shim embodiments can also be easily used in clockwise Systems by reorientating the pièces to reverse their respective orientation, for example by rotating or turning them around.

[0103] Examples of material that can be used to construct the wing shims include brass, stainless steel, plastic such as polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, etc., or any combination of these. Based on this disclosure, it should be understood that a variety of materials or stacked and perhaps bonded comb to make the wing shims.

nations of varying materials could be used

n. Disk-Pack Turbine [0104] FIGs. 37A-37C illustrate another example of a disk-pack turbine, illustrâtes a 13 disk configuration with stainless the upper rotor 264R including a bearing elemen

Vesconite bushing lining the inside of the openi îg to decrease the level of friction between the disk-pack 250R and the outlet of the vortex rotor opening. FIGs. 37B and 37C also illustrate wing shims 270R. Illustrated in FIG. 37C is the I )wer rotor 268R including a recess 269R for engaging the driveshaft. The illustrated upper and lower rotors 264R, 268R include a plastic substantially fiat disk integrally formed with a métal hub that engages another component in the system.

[0105] Based on this disclosure, it should amount of flexibility in the invention. In at least be disassembled to allow for exchange of the di addition, the disk-pack turbine used in any one a variety of spécifications with the following offered for that purpose.

[0106] The density and number of disks présent within any disk-pack turbine can vary depending upon intended application of the device.

séparation gap between disks will impact the properties of the water being treated.

[0107] The expansion chamber may take shape of the opening through the disks that m; least one embodiment, the center holes through the disk are not consistent size in the disks that make-up a disk-pack turbine. For example, the center holes are different diameters and/or different shapes. In a further embodime it, the disks include a waveform or géométrie pattern along at least one side of the disk.

[0108] In at least one embodiment, one plurality of blades in the center opening passing through the disk, the blades are orientated to provide additional suction forces to draw fluic

FIG. 37A steel disks 260R. Illustrated in FIG. 37B is i : such as a stainless steel race and nylon or chamber that would extend into the upper that this particular embodiment includes ten be appreciated that there is a tremendous one embodiment, the disk-pack module can isk-pack turbine being used in the device. In ambodiment can also be made according to

As discussed previously, the disk a variety of shapes based on the size and ake up a particular disk-pack turbine. In at or more disks include an impeller with a through the passageway between the vortex chamber and the expansion chamber. In at east one implémentation, the impeller is integrally formed with the disk, while in another implémentation the impeller is an insert piece that engages the central opening in the disk, for example, with friction, press fit, and/or snapin.

The materials used to manufacture the disks can range from a variety of metals the disks within one disk-pack turbine with roduct water with, among other attributes, [0109] to plastics including using different materials for examples as follows. A disk-pack turbine assembled with polycarbonate housings, brass wing-shims and stainless steel disks renders p oxidation/rust inhibitîng characteristics. A disk-pack turbine assembled with polycarbonate housings, brass wing-shims and alternating bras s and stainless steel disks renders product water which, among other attributes, acts as an aggressive oxidizer that décimâtes mosquito larvae and other undesîrable microbiological oiganisms. A disk-pack turbine constructed with disks and wing shims establishing bi-metel brass with disk gap tolérances of less than 1.7 levels of hydroelectrolytic processes, which tenC hydroelectrolytic colloïdal suspensions. A disk-pack turbine made of ail-plastic materials with a disk gap tolérance of 1.7 mm rapidly precipi ates suspended solids, chills and densifies water and also produces high levels of dissolve includes reducing the volume occupied by wate' after it has been processed by the system. Disk-pack turbines constructed with disk gap tolérances above 2.5 mm tend to precipitate virtually ail solids out of suspension, including low dissolved solids instrument readings, i.e., 32 [0110] Water processed using Systems tuilt according to this invention hâve been found to be either rust/oxidatîon inhibitîng or aggressive/oxidizing in nature, depending on applied materîal’s relationships within the syste n and system configuration. For example, a System configured with a stainless steel disk-pack turbine assembled with a gap/tolerance between the disks of 1.3 mm and a mixture of t with a baseline pH of 7.7 and an ORP (Oxidati instantaneously shifting pH levels into the 2 ar d 3 range which is not due to actual acidity, but extremely high levels of dissociative effervescent effects and extremely high levels of Hydrogen ion activity. Within two minutes of tu Oing off the system, the Hydrogen dissipâtes and pH values will retum to the mid-7s, low measurements are low, fluctuâtes substantially to +200 to +1600 (positive). In another example, the same system using a disk-pack turbine with a 2.3 mm gap/tolerance between the dsks and using the same source water, will produce more typical water with varying, over lime, pH measurements in the 7 to 8.5 range and ORP readings fluctuate between négative and positive values, depending on time and

I relationships such as stainless steel and mm has been found to generate significant to dissolve solids into hydrocolloidal and/or d oxygen. The concept of densifying water dissolved solids over time, resulting in very ppm.

rass and stainless steel wîng shims, in water an-Reduction Potential) of 185, is capable of

3s. For example, the ORP, at the time pH between readings of -700 to -800 (négative) speed of operation. These two examples above are of water produced in electrically isolated disk-pack turbines as well as vessels, with no reference to earth ground.

[0111] Use of bi-metal disk-pack turbines with alternating brass and stainless steel disks on a volume of water infested with mosquito larvae results in the immédiate éradication of larvae and has remained larvae-free for long période of time.

and grounding system components can hen the components are isolated, electrical nd electrolytic processes are much more is plated out on stainless parts. This also tate solids as opposed to reducing them. feive backed flexible magnetic material is u: on the top side of the upper rotor, the [0112] Selectively and electrically isolating significantly influence a process. For example, w values, ORP, etc., swing wildly to extremes a profound. It is under these conditions that brass appears to be more effective in reducing solids ir to a colloïdal state. Also using a grounded system îs much better if the objective is to precïpi [0113] In at least one embodiment, adhe applied to at least one of the following location bottom side of the lower rotor, and the inner concave cap feature of the vortex induction chamber. Water that is processed through a system with this modification, when viewed under a microscope, exhibits an amorphous structure that looks not unlike a topographical map similar to what Victor Schauberger previousl y described as “perfect water”.

[0114] In at least one embodiment, a state and/or dynamic electromagnetic field is applied to the water as it passes through the system. In a further alternative embodiment, electrical charges are selectively induced into water being processed by selectively using/charging one or more disks as anodes and'or cathodes.

o.

degree of variability relative to scale and of discharge ports and their orientation can the illustrated circular cross-section with a

Other Variants [0115] The invention lends itself to a gréa functional characteristics and will be produced fi r general use to highly specialized versions that build upon the previously described embodiments.

[0116] As has been mentioned, the number be adjusted to further refine or impact the génération of motion in the surrounding water based on the discharge of water from the device. The geometry of the cross-section of the discharge port may take a variety of forms frorr long radii path from the discharge chamber to th a outlet compared to the toroid cross-section shape with spiral path between the discharge chamberto the outlet.

[0117] For applications such as industrial process water, it is bénéficiai to hâve outlet geometries that cause a circulation in tanks, sumps, ciste ms, etc. This results in precipitated solids accumulating in low flow zones. It has baen found that adding long radius elbows to the straight discharge ports is very effective h accomplishing the précipitation of solids. Exemples of material for the long radius elbowi s include PVC and brass. In at least one embodiment with the iong radius elbows, the geometries should not restrict or compress the discharging water. The disk séparation also will impact whether solids precipitate or dissolve into the water.

[0118] Although the above discussion referred to particular numbers for the discharge port and the vortex chamber inlet, these éléments may be présent in other numbers. For example, the discharge port could be one up to any number that would allow for them to be adequately spaced around the disk-pack module (i.e., dépendent in part on the size of the main housing). The number of vortex chamber inlets could also be different, once again dépendent in part on the size ofthe vortex chamber.

vitality to stressed water ecosystems, as water and energizes the water. The vortex water is aiready matched to the speed of

The elementally-destabilized water further progresses and is divided/distributed ist between the rotating substantially fiat disks disks and wing-shims. Once within the disk into helical, accelerating, variable (due to

p. Operation [0119] To further describe the invention, an example of the operation of at least one embodiment according to the invention will be described.

[0120] At least one of the above-described embodiments is a self-contained system that emulates nature’s ability to renew and restore demonstrated by a meandering mountain streum which, through constantly varying flow conditions relative to the entire fiowing volume o chamber (Stage One) generates a continuoui, highly energetic, concentrating, throughflowing vortex which accelerates flows and causes water to decrease in température and converts heat to kinetic energy as the charging water progresses into the rotating expansion and distribution chamber, which velocity of the rotation in at least one embodiment (Stage * wo). There it undergoes rapid rotational accélération resulting in simultaneous mixed, reciprocating dynamic négative and positive pressures within the expanding, twisting, spinning, rotating water which causes a high degree of elemental/molecular destabilization.

[0121] between multiple separated chambers that exii within the disk-pack turbine (Stage Three). Witer is drawn into the rotating disk chambers via centrifugal suction generated by the rotatinç chambers, the water undergoes a transition elemental instability and internai dynamically-ge nerated flow and pressure différentiels) flows with multiple characteristics including continu sus shifting and changing of high and low pressure/velocity flow zones, propagation and implosion of innumerable internai microvortices, motion-induced electrical charges, and dissociative tendencies resulting from the exotic motion, electrolytic processes and combinations of influences articulated above.

[01221 geometrically specialized torus/hyperbolic/pardboloid shaped discharge chamber within the

Water discharges from the disk-pack turbine into the ample, over-size, i

disk-pack module housing (Stage Four) where water imbued with device-generated exotic motion, energies, varied fluid pressure/suction arjd velocities accumulâtes and is discharged via submerged dual discharge ports (Stage Five) directly into the main body of water being processed.

[0123] The highly energetic product water lags and surges as it discharges at relatively low velocities and pressures through the dischange ports. The discharging water transmits its varied, accumulated characteristics into the t ody of water being processed, generating continuous propagation and spinning-off of vontices/whirlpools at discharge which travel through the water, constantly forming and re-fom ing until their creational energy diminishes. Simultaneously, visible eddies, currents and counter-currents occur in proximity as a direct resuit of the extremely mixed flow and energeiic characteristics at the point of systemic discharge as illustrated by the différences between FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. The nature of the internai flow dynamics tends to create variations in température in the out-fiowing water.

[0124] During testing of prototypes built observed that, in some embodiments, the water c port puisâtes, gently drawing in and rhythmîcally pulsating port reverse their functions intermitte simultaneously.

according to the invention, it has been ischarges from one port while the opposing discharging water. The discharge port and ntly and, at times, both ports do charge e motors, a vessel is filled with sufficient

Solids, température and Standing Voltage

The unit is tumed on and run at an

RPM, depending on water characteristics.

q. Typical Water Processing Scens rio [0125] With units designed with submersib water to submerge at least a portion of the unit to cover at least the discharge ports. When testing the device, initial water values are recorded, such as pH, Oxidation Réduction Potentiel (ORP), Dissolved Oxygen, Dissolved measured relative to ground (when possible), operational speed in a typical range of 750-2200 When water is visibly and substantially contaminated, it has been found that higher initial operating speeds for the first couple of hours tend to accelerate results. After this initial period, it has been found that bénéficiai process ïpeeds generally fait in a range of 750-1200 RPM. Variations in speed of operation over fine hâve also demonstrated benefits to the process. A run time of two to five hours îs riormally sufficient to impart transformative characteristics to water processed within a conta ned volume; however, tests hâve also been performed over extended periods of time. successfully transformed 800 gallons of water in vital, crystalline, algae-free and alive (residual nu was draîned from the vessel containing the watei.

[0126] Values are recorded at intervals tliroughout the testing process. Typically, —

There is a recorded instance of having two and a half hours, which water remained lotion présent) for three-plus months until it r

values will enter a flux state, often rising and retreating throughout the process. An example of value change could be; starting values of pH 6.5, ORP 265, Dissolved Solids 228, and Voltage -.256 with resulting post process values of pH 8.3, ORP 133, Dissolved Solids 280, and Voltage -.713.

urnes become predominantly corrosive.

[0127] From finish of the process, for as long as processed water has been stored to date, the water typically has remained in a state of flux, with values rising and falling on successive readings, particularly pH and ORP; t <pically when the pH rises, ORP falls; when the ORP rises, pH falls. Recent tests indicate thiit the dissolved Oxygen (DO) values remain elevated as compared to initial readings. There have, however, been some exceptions to this. Most notable is, when storing aggressive/carrosive processed water in close proximity to anti-oxîdizing processed water, both vo

Processed water, as a transmitting medium in these conditions, falls or tends toward corrosive.

[0128] It has been found that post-process three days, water that had an initial pH of 6.8 a· days later, display a pH value of 8.4. A subseduent reading could be 8.0, followed by 8.7, hours or days later. Typically, the pH values wil has followed a sine wave) providing support for characterizing the water as being alive.

[0129] The process, when initiated, partiel larly in water that has not been processed previously, typically causes the émission o effervescence. Initially, bubbling can be extremily vigorous, with the bubbles ranging in size from quite large (sometimes up to a half inch in diameter) to millions of micro-bubbles. After a period of time, the larger bubbles begin to subside and the micro-bubbles tend to diminish in size as they increase in volume. It is not uncummon for visible out-gassing to subside to a point of being virtually undetectable. This initial out-gassing usually corresponds to an immédiate rise or fall in pH, depending on the material used in the disk-pack. Some water the t is neutral to basic can drop into a low acidic range, as determined by use of a pH meter, on of high leveis of dissociative effervescence and cessation of the process, pH values will rise a have been collected from the effervescence ignition/flashing, clearly demonstrating an elem [0130] When processed water is repro effervescence. If the processed water is then is apparently broken down and the water will settle for hours/days, it will reorganize/restructure and exhibit minimal effervescence upon reprocessing.

water matures. An example of this is, after i id an end-of-process pH of 7.6 could, three vary over time (in some cases the variance gases which manifest in the form of initial pH and/or disk gap tolérances and/or ce the process is initiated, which is the resuit Hydrogen ion activity. Within two minutes of i jove the neutral range. On occasion, gases and exposed to flame, often resulting in ibntal dissociative effect.

nessed, the water may show little or no run through a centrifugal pump, the structure again effervesce. If the water is allowed to [0131] In a further embodiment according to the invention, the above described Systems are used in the production of aragonite from calcite présent in water. FIGs. 38A and 38B illustrate before and after treatment électron microscopie images of water. FIG. 38A illustrâtes the presence of calcite in the water, while FIG. 38B illustrâtes how the calcite has been converted into aragonite as represented by the multiple tubular (or pin) shaped objects. Typically, this process required ultra-ihigh températures to convert calcite into aragonite, which is believe to be the most bénéficiai form of calcium for biological assimilation. The method includes filling a water storage vessel with water, placing a unit into the water and running the unit at 1200-1|500 RPM for at least 30 minutes before reducing the speed of the motor to below 1000 RPM. While the unit runs, water is brought into the unit and fed through the vortex chamber into the expansion chamber for distribution out through the disk chambers into the discharg* s chamber for release through one or more discharge ports back into the water storage vessel to further mix with the water présent in the water storage vessel. After the unit has run, collect the formed crystals of aragonite. In at least one embodiment, water enters the system through a second discharge port to supplément and mix with water présent in the discharge chamber. In a further embodiment, the water puisâtes in and out of the second discharge port.

ention hâve been employed in a variety of

Systems, and fish tanks; plant studies; and lies.

Processed water has been produc ed by directly utilizing water from sources r, residential well water, swimming pool and

VI. Testîng and Expérimente [0132] Prototypes built according to the im test and experimental situations, both directly an j indirectly, to détermine in part whether the invention would work for its intended purpose. To date, processing test environments (i.e., vessels) include jars, bowls, buckets, tanks, swimming pools and fountains, stream-fed vernal ponds, domestic water wells, irrigation ( itches, irrigation réservoirs, evaporative air conditioning Systems, industrial process water animal studies and biological/microbiological stu [0133] such as commercial distilled water, city tap waté fountain water, water well-supplied irrigation ressrvoir, irrigation canal water, small lakes and other similar sources. Indirect testîng has been of product water to unprocessed water for the and changes in the values of the water being teated over time. Testîng of this nature has been done from laboratory scale up to and including a residential water well, a spring-fed creek and a storm water drainage system.

[0134] Confirmation that qualifies and characteristics are imbued in the water is implied when baseline values, such as pH, ORP, dissolved Oxygen and voltage change. Once in motion, values in processed water tend to remain unstable, even in water processed in i accomplished through introducing quantities jurpose of observing and monitoring effects previous months, indicating that the water, whether in process or processed, is vital and alive. One repeated resuit to date indicating that water is active has been through the immersion of rust/oxidized items in processed water. The rust/oxidation on the items soon begins to dissolve and, over time, is completely removed. This phenomenon takes place both in Systems with an active unit running, i.e., industrial process water Systems, cooling towers and swamp coolers and in process water that has been stored for months. Although processed water dissolves and removes rust, once a certain equilibrium is reached, the processes of oxidation résumé. In Systems that utilîze make-up water to maintain water levels, i.e., process water Systems, oxidation ceases and does not recur as long as a unit remains actively in place and running.

[0135] with aggressive oxidizing characteristics and stainless steel disks within the disk-pack turbine in variable combinations. The aggressive oxidiïing characteristics are further intensified as disk gap tolérance is reduced. Although, at pre used in devices built according to an embodirr* utilizing combinations of plastics, stainless steel, i [0136]

In further testing, it has been reliably determined that processed water imbued fluctuating values is produced by mixing with brass disks and systemic components sent, ail variations of disks and wing shims ent of the invention hâve been configured and brass components.

A variety of testing and expérimentation has occurred using processed water in different situations. Prototypes built according 1o the invention hâve precipitated solids and other particulate matter out of solution, depositiiig dense material in low-flow/low-turbulence zones in the vessels containing the fluid, leaving water bright, clear, and crystalline.

;€d water that has exhibited a variety of u ed to process the water where the prototype f rocessed water changes values such as pH, 13e, etc., and sends these values into a state [0137] Testing has resulted in procès» characteristics depending upon the prototype u; has been built according to the invention. The O RP, dissolved Oxygen, dissolved solids, volta of flux. The processed water inhibits and diss Jlves rust and oxidation or, alternatively, via spécifie systemic material relationships, promot ïs oxidation. The processed water produced with at least one embodiment éliminâtes org anics such as mold/fungi, algae, etc. The processed water produced with at least one em microorganisms.

[0138] The processed water produced with not be harmful to pets/animals such as fish, froi An example of this is that animais including bi'ds and other wildlife are drawn to ponds (or réservoirs) containing processed water. Pets processed water over water that has not bee operating in a pool, small, normally shy fish w cluster in the unit out-flowing water. '.'T'' bodiment limits and/or éliminâtes waterborne at least one embodiment has been shown to gs, pets, etc. as these animais hâve thrived.

and other animais invariably will drink the m processed. When a prototype has been ithin a pool leave their usual hiding places to [0139] Crystalline structures hâve been présent in virtually ail processed water microscopically observed. The processed wa|ter becomes ultra-clear, with a luminous crystalline appearance. When observed under a microscope, it is apparent that the crystalline appearance is due to the presence of crystalline structures within the water.

When processed water is within an environment where silt and solids are not continually agitated, water settles out into a clear, crystalline [State.

[0140] In many of the experiments, water three days and left to mature for another two da has been found that the most profound fluctuatici more days after processing.

has normally been processed for at least ys before use and/or monitoring. Often, it ns in values will typically occur after two or

a.

Plants [0141] become exceedingly vital, exposed to one application of water produced pe fruit; repeated examples of rapid germination receiving unprocessed water; stunted, stress ed and apparently diseased végétation regained vitality, even with a single application of [0142] Successful seed germination rate watered with processed water. Growth rate is generally at least 40% more vigorous. These results hâve been confirmed through numéro js experiments in the United States and Mexico. Recently, tests were performed in a laboratory in China, where results were again confirmed.

[0143] An experiment was conducted in the using four different régiments for the plants including normal tap water, normal tap water and fertilizer, treated tap water, and treated tap watt h were planted in planters made of plywood for l his experiment including: zucchini, radish onion, cabbage, carrot, green peas, and cilantro having an approximate size of 3 inches. The pis i meters wide at the base and 0.8 meters wide elevated above the ground on legs. The plywood was untreated. The planters were filled with soil from a nearby dry riverbed, and also the soil was not treated beyond using approximately 12.5 kg of organic humus to prevent the soil from compacting. The planters were subdivided for the different seed types.

cabbage, carrot, cilantro, and green beans. There were also two planters; one with two tomato plants that were 6 inches tall, and the second planter had two strawberry plants that were 3 inches tall. The plants were purchased

The processed water has helped tri es, bushes, flowers, and grass thrive and For example, Hibiscus flowers tripled in size; tomato plants rfect, flawless, deep red, exceedingly sweet and seed success compared to controls water.

is approximately 60% higher for plants région of Ensenada Baja California, Mexico r and fertilizer. Seeds of different varieties r

in addition to tomato and strawberry plants nters were approximately 3 meters long, 0.6 at the top, and 0.4 meters tall and were

The seeds were tomato, zucchini, radish, rom a store in California. A 450 liter plastic tank was used to process the water using a device built according to the invention. The water used was tap water in that région of Mexico. Each planter received the same amount of water until an adjustment was made part way through the experiment.

[0144] On June 4“*, the soil was mixed with humus to prevent the naturel soil of the région from becoming tight and compact. Holes were made to plant the seeds. While the seeds germinated, the planters were covered witli old newspaper to preserve humidity in the soil. On June S⁸¹, 16 liters of water were added radish seeds had germinated in the normal water radish, carrot, and cilantro germinations. The fei germinations. Each of the planters again recdi number of radish germinations was as follows: fertiliser - 0, treated water - 45, and treated we ter and fertiliser determined that some of the seedlings in the treated water planters were rotting from excess water, while the normal water planters had soil t lat was moist but not wet. The germination count was as follows:

o each of the planters. On June 6% some planter, while the treated water planter had àilized and treated water planter had radish ived 16 liters of water. On June 7^th, the normal water - 30, normal water and

- 82. On June 8^th, it was

Seed Type	Normal Water	Normal W Fertilizer	ater +	Treated Water	Treated Water + Fertilizer
Radish	68	22		98	138
Tomato	0	0		1	2
Onion	0	0		4	2
Cilantro	0	0		2	0
Cabbage	0	0		1	0
Carrot	0	0		2	0

The first strawberry flower buds were opened in the two treated water planters and the regular water with fertiliser planter. The compat ative size of plants was as follows:

	Normal Water		Treated Water + Fertilizer
Radish from seeds	0.5 inches		0.75 inches
Strawberry plants	3.75 inches by	10.5 inches	5.25 inches by 8.5 inches
Tomato plants	9 inches by 13	inches	10.5 inches by 16 inches

Based upon the results above, it appears that assimilated/available to the plants. On June 10^e1, numerous and healthier than the normal wat provided to the treated water plants was reduce' [0145] reated water makes the fertiliser more easily the treated water plants were more ar plants even though the amount of water id starting on June 8^th.

On June 15^*, five strawberries we e picked from the treated water and fertilizer planter, four strawberries were picked from th ï treated water planter, and two strawberries were picked from the normal water planter. The radish plants began to flower. On June xv added to each of the planters.

On July 2^nd, a crack developed in thp cistern that forced water schedules to be 12^. On July 13^th, the cistern was refilied

26¹”, approximately 50 g of 16-16-16 fertilizer was [0146] suspended until repairs were completed on July with 6 cubic meters of water, and the 450 liter tank was filled and the water processed. On July 15‘^h, measurements were taken and a general inspection of the plants was performed. The two normal water planters were noticeably treated water planters still had soil moisture. Tl· and fertilizer planter were noticeably bigger ‘ measurements were taken:

dry along with the soil in them, while the e size of the tomatoes în the treated water than the other planters. The following

Seed Type	Normal Water	Normal V\ Fertilizer	ater +	Treated Water	Treated Water + Fertilizer
Radish	8”	8		10”	12”
Tomato	3”	3”		4.5”	6”
Onion	3	2.5”		1.5”	4.5
Cilantro	Γ	1”		0	4”
Cabbage	6”	0		0	7”
Carrot	4”	0		0	4.5”
Strawberry	3”x9”	4.5”x1T		5.5”x12”	5.5x13”
Green beans	5”	5”		6”	10”
Green peas	12’	3.5’		0	7
Zucchini	7”x1T	8”x10”		13”x16”	12”x14
Tomato	17”	19”		20”	26”
The following number of produce was picked froi	ri the planters:
Plant Type	Normal Water	Normal V Fertilizer	/a ter +	Treated Water	Treated Water + Fertilizer
Strawberry	1	2		7	8
Radishes	0	0		2	1

e tomato was picked from the treated water inches. Between July 24^,h and August 3^rt, oisture in the planters. Measurements were meter. The normal water planters had dry [0147] On July 20^lh, 10 kg of soil was added to each planter due to the plants showing stress from lack of nutrients. On Juiy 23^rd, a ri|: < with fertilizer planter that had a diameter of 2.£ water was suspended to verify the amount of m taken with a household garden grade humidity soil with no indication of moisture being présent in the soil, while the treated water planters had soil moisture that although low was still within acceptable levels despite receiving half of the water the normal water planters did.

[0148] On August 4^, 2 zucchinis were pi icked from the treated water planter and 1 //'

I fertilizer. The two treated water zucchinis i weight of 150 g and 10 cm long by 3.5 cm le normal water with fertilizer zucchini that

The treated water planter two strawberries, and the At this point the seeding zucchini was picked from the normal water with measured 17 cm long by 6.5 cm diameter with a diameter with a weight of 80 g compared to th measured 9 cm by 2.5 cm diameter with a wuight of 50 g. produced 8 strawberries, the normal water planter produced normal water with fertilizer planter produced é experiment was terminated.

[0149] The following measurements were t aken of the treated water on July 23^rd with the last column reflecting the readings on August strawberries.

I^e1:

	Initial	1 Hour		ï Hours	Final	Aug. 1st
pH	7.45	8.00		1.00	8.10	8.43
Conductivity	1.47	1.47		1.48	1.48	1.46
Dissolved Solids	730	730		Γ30	730	730
Dissolved Oxygen	6.6	7.2		7.5	7.5	7.5

ip line, and sprinkler Systems fed by seven

b. Pecan Trees and Réservoir [0150] A réservoir with approximate dîmenj ions of 130’ x 165' x 5’ deep used to provide water to a large pecan orchard via irrigation, d large wells with vertical turbine pumps had been experiencing a severe problem of systemic fouling as a resuit of extremely dense algae gro wth. Large filter boxes were built around the secondary pump intakes, which pumps were used to supply the water to the trees. The algae were so dense that the réservoir water surface was completely covered with a greenish/brown mat as shown in FIG. 39A. T îe filter boxes required daily cleaning or the pumps would starve. A unit was put into the completely clear of algae and bottom featureb of the réservoir could be clearly seen as illustrated in FIG. 39B. The algae had died and precipitated to the bottom as illustrated in FIG. 39C. This resuit was effective even though the seven supply pumps were continuously refilling the réservoir. The process was termini ted and after five days the algae began to reestablish in the réservoir.

[0151] recovered and began to turn green within 24 treated réservoir and were cured within days.

being over-watered, even though the volume o ^: water being applied to the trees was equal to the customary volume applied to ail trees wi applied stabilized the condition of the trees. Tl •eservoir. Within 72 hours, the surface was

Chlorotic young pecan trees incapable of up-taking sufficient nutrients/iron hours after the application of water from the Over time, the trees began to show signs of thin the nursery. A 40% réduction in water ne implication is that végétation watered with ₃₃

S processed water thrives with less water.

Fish Experiment [0152] A testing laboratory in China prepared two identical tanks of water, each containing 20 young goldfish. The fish were given the same amount of nutrients, but provided with no supplémentai air source. A small volume of processed water was added to one tank. After two weeks, fourteen fish in the untreated, control tank had perished, while only one fish in the tank containing the infused w ater had died.

c.

d.

Oxidation Expérimente

Within process water Systems built sccording to at least one embodiment of the residential to industrial, rust and oxidation has been inhibited or eliminated; Dut of solution, limiting and/or eliminating

Odors and organics and their propagation are [0153] invention, minerai concentrations, etc., are precipitated fouling of filters, screens, valves, etc. controlled or eliminated.

[0154] The effects of processed water ôn Systems such as evaporative coolers, industrial process water Systems, cooling towers; pumping, piping, storage and water transmission Systems; swimming pools, spas, ni détérioration resulting from rustand oxidation.

[0155] After a period ranging from days continuous presence of a unit’s processed procuct water will, when inspected, demonstrate the phenomenon of accumulated rust sloughir g off when gently brushed to reveal fresh, bright, clean métal undemeath. Even heavily rc métal, structural éléments, bolts, flanges, pipe ;

down to the deepest recesses in pocks/pits.

[0156] unit is turned off or removed from the process natural oxidation processes.

[0157] AH components within mechanical electric continuity and/or contact with processed water utilized within integrated Systems benefit from associative chain reactions and iiteractions. This results in entire integrated mechanical and electromechanical Systems being insulated and protected from rust/oxidation and détérioration; even compci water.

ind fountains has been to reverse systemic to months, Systems benefiting from the st-pocked drive-shafts, valves, pumps, sheet s, couplings, etc. are left bright and clean,

Oxidation is completely arrested arpd no subséquent oxidation occurs unless a which over time results in the return of the and electromechanical Systems that share nents not in direct contact with processed

e. Cooling Equipment Experimei its [0158] There hâve been two expérimente an embodiment of the invention.

The first experiment used water p’ocessed for approximately 20 hours with the conducted using a device built according to [01591 resulting water having a raised pH and DO levels. The water was placed in a portable evaporative cooling system. The resulting terlnperature of the discharged air from the evaporative cooling system dropped from the 68.5 Fahrenheit realized through normal use of tap water to 56 degrees Fahrenheit utilizing processed water.

[0160] The second experiment used a single system placed in-line to the water intake for 12 industrial sized cooling système that processed water for a brief time as it passed through the réservoir where the system was installed. Despite the short contact time with the water, the température of the air coming Fahrenheit cooler than when untreated water

Systems and compared to another 6 equal air cooling Systems running at the facility which had been left out of the loop as a control.

from the ducts was also 10-15 degrees was used in the evaporative air cooling

f. Water Experiments [0161] Indirect application of processed weter through inoculation of a domestic water well with a total of 40 gallons of water changed : he well from a relatively static pH of 6.5 to a well that fluctuâtes in a pH range of mid-7s totaling an additionaî 120 gallons caused the Uvell to remain in a consistent 7.3 to 7.8 pH range over a period about 15 months. This expBriment will be discussed in more detail later in the disclosure.

o low-8s. Subséquent injections of water

1. The Effects of Introducing Proc uct Water Produced in a 90 Gallon

Vessel into Domestic Water We ll [0162] The procedure began with adding 24 gallons of processed water directly into a 4 inch well casing of a 240 foot deep domesti: water well at 3:53 P.M. on Day 1. The processed water originated in the same well ar id, before processing, had approximately the same values as those stated for the starting we [0163]

193, température 64.2° F, and a standing Vol values were pH 6.5, ORP 198, Dissolved Solid > 215, température 58.6’ F. The table below

I water values.

The starting processed water values were pH 9.4, ORP 199, Dissolved Solids âge of - .983 VDC. The starting well water shows subséquent monitored well readings.

Date	Time	eh
Day 2	4:06	P.M.	7.8
	7:43	P.M.	8.1
Day 3	9:14	A.M.	8.2
Day 4	8:31	A.M.	8.9
	8:21	P.M.	8.1
Day 6	8:22	A.M.	8.4
Day 7	9:28	A.M.	8.0

OR	3	Dissolved Solids
21	5	196
21	5	191
22	2	198
1£	4	194
2C	2	183
2i	0	180
2'	0	214

Day 8	1:06 P.M.	9.0	215
Day 9	10:47 A.M.	8.7	208
Day 10	9:20 A.M.	8.7	208
Day 12	8:05 A.M	8.2	176
Day 13	7:20 A.M.	8.4	150
Day 14	9:34 A.M.	9.7	160
Day 15	8:59 A.M.	9.2	177
Day 17	9:21 A.M.	8.8	185
Day 18	5:10 P.M.	8.8	195
Day 19	8:45 A.M.	9.1	180

[0164]

As part of this testing, a set-aside s

207

179

191

193

171

185

186

177

194

189 ample test was performed by taking a well water sample and testing that same sample froin Day 18 through Day 28 with the following results:

Day 18	5:10 P.M.	8.8	195
Day 19	10.23 A.M.	10.3	164
Checked water:
Day 19	5:02 P.M.	10.4	165
Checked water:
Day 24	10:09 A.M.	10.7	181
Checked water:
Day 28	8:02 P.M.	10.7	13^

[0165]

194 (sample taken)

204

208

211

225

On Day 34 the well water values were checked for the first time in 15 days. The pH had dropped to 6.6, ORP 090, Dissolved Sclids 198, which were close to original starting values. The assumption was made that the well source water might be reverting to original values. To test this assumption, 16 gallons cf processed water were added to the same domestic water well on Day 34 at 8:27 A.M.

[0166]

The 16 gallons processed water vulues were pH 7.2, ORP 110, and Dissolved

Solids 313 prior to being poured directly into were pH 6.6, ORP 090, Dissolved Solids 198

Day 34	1:47 P.M.	7.5
Day 35	8.Ί9 A.M.	6.4
	1:15 P.M.	6.9
	8:59 P.M.	7.0
Day 36	1:01 P.M.	6.3
	10:18 P.M.	7.3
Day 38	10:58 A.M.	7.4
Day 39	2:32 P.M.	7.4

well casing.

The starting well water values

195

195

188

196

242

177

189

188 «

173

191

177

163 additional 16 gallons of processed water

Day 43	3:17 P.M.	7.4	133
Day 56	8:26 A.M.	7.4	098
Day 60	9:00 A.M.	7.5	109
	1:38 P.M.	7.1	210
[0167]	The inoculation	of the well with the

resulted in pH values remaining in a range between 7.1 and 7.5 for a long period of time. As clearly established by the data above, a proportionately small amount of process water has been proven to be capable of altering an immense volume of underground water.

Microscopie observations indicate that crystalline structures are présent in the water and no living biologicals hâve been seen since the first 24 gallon introduction of process water.

2. 90 Gallons of Water Processed [0168] On Day 1, 90 gallons of water was | for a total of five hours and then monitored measurements were taken post-processing:

ii Tub j aced into a tub. The water was processed

3ver time for fluctuations. The following

Date	Time	βΗ
Day 4	8:31 A.M.	8.9
Day 6	8:27 A.M.	8.9
Day 7	9:28 A.M.	8.6
Day 8	1:06 P.M.	9.6
Day 9	10:47 A.M.	9.5
Day 10	9:20 A.M.	9.2
Day 12	8:05 A.M.	8.5
Day 13	7:20 A.M.	9.5
Day 14	9:34 A.M.	9.6
Day 15	8:59 A.M.	10.1
Day 16	8:45 A.M.	10.3

ORP	Dissolved Solids
194	194
206	197
195	197
205	199
183	201
200	198
167	195
134	202
154	203
140	204
164	204

3. 90 Gallons of Well Water Proc» [0169] A second test was run using a nev processed in a tub. The baseline values for th ORP 190, Dissolved Solids 185, and Voltage

A.M. with a device built according to one of th» about 8:45 pm on Day 1.

Date	Time	βΗ	ORP
Day 1	1:19 P.M.	6.3	183
	2:09	6.9	180
	2:31	6.2	178

ssed in Tub gallons of water drawn from a well to be well water after being pumped were pH 6.8, -.630. The start time for this test was 9:30 : above-described embodiments running until

Dissolved Solids Volts

188 -.352

189 -.303

185

J

3:08

3:53

4:05

4:23

4:29

5:05

5:18

5:34

6.01

6:30

7:58

device stopped 8:45
Day 2	8:02 A.M. 5:51 P.M. 8:02
Day 3	11:00 A.M. 5:38 P.M.
Day 4	7:01 A.M. 7:44 P.M.
Day 5	8:23 A.M. 1:09 P.M. 9:00
Day 6	11:01 A.M. 10:13 P.M.

[0170]

6.6	176	190
6.1	177	190
6.8	173	256
6.9	164	259
7.0	153	280
7.0	150	277
7.5	151	275
7.2	151	288
7.1	148	297
6.6	147	289
7.4	138	296
	7.0 136	300
7.4	114	303
7.7	110	301
7.2	124	310
6.9	164	306
7.5	142	311
7.2	107	309
7.4	084	323
7.0	094	313
7.5	073	315
7.1	110	316
7.0	152	311
7.3	148	309

During operation of the device on Da

-.305

-.601

-.324

-.304

-.294

-.328

-.305

-.306

-.602

-.311

-.451

-.312

-.329

-.320

-.328

-.355

-.346

-.434

-.564

-.611

-.465

-.412

-.412 y 1, run-time speeds were varied. At times, an ambient air sipping straw was inserted into the unit to inject atmospheric air into the process, which accounts for some shifts in run-ti ne values.

g. Fountain/Swimming Pool Expeiiments [0171] One gallon of six-month old procès ;ed water eradicated a dense population of mosquito larvae in a waterfall/fountain and left what was previously cloudy, opaque water clear and crystalline five days after the processe d water was added to the waterfall/fountain.

A system buiit according to one e nbodiment of the invention was run for 48 had not been treated in any way for eight [0172] hours in a 25,000 gallon swimming pool that months and which was infested with an extremély dense mosquito larvae, waterborne worm and water bug population. The pool was renc<

Experimental fish within the same water continjed to thrive for weeks with a zéro mortality νγ ered completely free of these undesirables.

I rate until the fîsh were finally removed from the pool.

[0173] Ten thousand gallons of the above-mentioned swimming pool water were released into a vernal pond storm drain System. It clarified, purified and revitalized this ecosystem. For the first time in six years, the boljtom features and deposited materials were clearly visible with no lensing effect. Weeks after application, végétation along the banks flourished în an unprecedented way and the water clarity remained clean and clear.

[0174] A swimming pool in Maryland, which had been covered and untreated in any way for two seasons, was opened and exposed tp the éléments for 30 days prior to initiation of processes. The water had become a véritable primordial soup. Water was green, algae covered ail submerged surfaces, mosquito larvae populations were dense, many species of surface and sub-surface dwelling water-bugs weie présent and a swampy odor was évident. Within 90 minutes of initiation of the process, water température decreased from 89.7° F to 74.9° F. This phenomenon was also noted in where ail algae turned from yellow and green llo brown within three hours, water became crystal clear within 24 hours with the exception of floating débris and rafts of a dense film of coagulating gelatinous material comprised of d( ad microorganisms formed on the surface. Within 72 hours, the film and floating débris hsd sunk to the bottom of the pool leaving a mirror surface. By day four, ail mosquito larvae had perished and sub-surface water bug populations were substantially diminished. Surfa :e dwelling bugs appear to be unaffected as of the last observation. Initial pH 7.6, post-proœss fluctuâtes between 7.1 and 7.9. Initial ORP 086, post-process fluctuâtes between 110 post-process ranges between 0.005 and 0.009.

[0175] by the élévation of water température that resul

i.e., chemical and biochemical reactions, which levels of dissolved Oxygen. In the experiments, tens of thousands of gallons of stagnant, odious water experienced a dramatic decrease n température within minutes of initiating the process. Subséquent tests involving similar c rcumstances hâve resulted in températures falling as many as 30° F within 45 minutes.

he previous California swimming pool test and 177, Initial Dissolved Solids .015 ppm, The water was odor free.

The above examptes of what can b : described as “fevered water were caused s from organic décomposition, fermentation, increase with sun exposure, and decreasing

h.

Organic, Biological, Microbiological Effects (Elimination/lnhibition) Experiments [0176] Extensive testing and observation of water samples obtained from many diverse environments (e.g., California, Maryland, and Mexico) during and post-processing indicates that, if allowed to process uninterrupted over under a microscope are killed and eliminated.

microbiologicals, at a certain point, they becone floating gelatinous mass, which eventually λΛ time, ail microbiologicals visible up to 120x If the water source is heavily burdened with sinks. The introduction of a small volume of water to a larger volume of water is capable of diminishing and/or eliminating significant microbiological populations while being clearly bénéficiai to fish, frogs, snails, mammals, etc.

[0177] Application of the system results in tie élimination of most algae, mold, moss and other visible biologicals/organics and micr ^biological organisms within their humid systemically associated environments. Process water and évaporative cooling Systems are known for the swampy odors they émit. Maintenance personnel will often add a bit of chlorine to the water to eliminate the biologicals lesponsible and their attendant smell. It is believed that a system built according to an embcdiment of the invention will eliminate these disagreeable odors without the use of any chemic [0178] corn mon issues requiring regular attention an|( cleaning of filters, screens, pads, etc. These ite contaminants very quickly and, to maintain systlemic effîciencies, must be serviced often. Most common methods are labor intensive, requi'ing the use of brushes, chemical cleaners, high-power spray rinsing, etc. A system built according to the invention has been found to virtually eliminate minerai and contaminant accumulation. Small residual accumulations that do occur, when allowed to dry, manifest in the sludge that can easily be wiped or blown away wi [0179] System source/feed water typically h and particulate matter in suspension. Use of the and contaminants, rendering water that remains within a volume of water is precipitated out, tt nding to bind, coagulate, congeal and be deposited in low-flow areas such as pans, su exhibits cohesiveness and remains bound as a removed during maintenance.

[0180] Over a period of about 12 days, îh samples from a spring-fed creek in Maryland.

[0181] On a Monday, water samples were <

The water samples were examined with a microscope, and the presence of various microorganisms, including active colonies and organisms which were identified as e-coli, were a drop of processed water to the slide containirig the creek water, the formerly clear yellow e-coli organisms filled internally with black strii fibrous clusters enveloped the organisms which die. It appeared that other microorganisms began feeding on their corpses. Subsequently, a small amount of water was added to the unseuled jar of sample creek water. By day three, :als.

Water-based processing, conditioninj, cooling and purification Systems share d maintenance: replacement and/or the ; ns accumulate minerai deposits and other l orm of unbound dust, powder and surface ïth compressed air.

i îs high concentrations of dissolved minerai s system to process water removes minerais clear and crystalline. Matter in suspension nps, tanks, réservoirs, etc. The material sludge-like compound which can be easily n experiment was conducted using water gathered from a spring-fed creek with jars.

ndividuals of elongated yeiiow capsule-like identified. Immediately upon introduction of ited lines and what appeared as gray-black became inactive on contact and appeared to no living organisme remained in the jar of sample creek water. The water was crystalline, ail sédiments and previously suspended solids having precipitated to the bottom of the jar.

Stagnant rainwater samples discovened in outdoor plastic container containing so on that Monday. It was observed that of processed water was added to these [0182] decomposing leaves and grass were collected a there were active populations and colonies of mic oorganisms (no e-coli) to be présent in the stagnant rainwater samples. A small amount samples. Again, within three days no living organisms remained with the exception of some very small active black specks which proved to b ï mosquito larvae. Over subséquent days, the water remained clear of other microorganisns and the mosquito larvae progressed to their final stage of development, at which point th was run, it has been discovered that the additior results in the immédiate éradication of mosquito I srvae.

On Thursday, two (2) one-gallon pitchers of processed water were poured into several days passed, another sample ofthe the microscope. The presence of active e-coli forms were found. The dead e-coli ipy were disposed of. Since this experiment of one or more brass disks to the process [0183] the spring-fed creek previously described. After creek water was gathered and observed undei biological organisais was minimal, and no living forms and fragments of dead e-coli forms displayed the same cloudy and dark-material characteristics as those observed in the creek w^ter sample taken on the original Monday.

[0184] of water results.

Two Saturdays later, an additional si mpie of creek water was taken. The results observed under the microscope wen virtually identical to the first Thursday’s [0185]

FIGs. 40A-40C illustrate the effect c f adding 10,000 gallons of processed water from one of the swimming pool tests to a hea /ily stressed/contaminated vernal drainagecollection pond (see FIG. 40A). As with the spf ng-fed creek water tests, the water became crystal clear and the bottom was visible through the water (see FIGs. 40B and 40C). In addition, the level of wildlife visiting the pond increased dramatically over the level observed prior to adding the processed water.

[0186] used to process water, the resulting water has Oxygen (DO). For example, muddy, smelly mîlligrams per liter, after processing had a DO the water was rendered clear and odor-free.

When a device built according to une of the above-described embodiments is a significant élévation in levels of dissolved rrigation canal water with initial DO of 1.8 content of 12 mîlligrams of DO per liter and ded to 90 gallons of water and stirred into

Desalinization [0187] Five pounds of table sait were ac solution. After four hours of processing, the water became stratified, fresher water on the top with greater concentrations of sait on the b jttom. Within 24 hours, large amounts of the ·λ '' sait had been precipitated out and deposited in low-flow areas on the bottom of the vessel leading to stratification between water and the sait j[0188] ί motion and materials relationships alone, for the induction of anciliary electricity through customary The system generatos highly electrolytic/electro-dynamic action potentially more prc found, compared to current technological bns of organic matter, metals and minerais.

Electroplating .

Significant levels of electrolytic activity take place within the process, which is most clearly demonstrated in Systems utilizing ( isk assemblies incorporating two or more metals. An example is brass and stainless steel FIG. 41 shows brass having been plated out onto stainless steel components, even though all internai moving components are electrically isolated. Using a system built according to one embodîment of the invention is believed to create the electrolytic process throug without any requirement anode/cathode processes, which is similar, although approaches for the création of colloidal suspensi

Based on the stunning results that take plate in plant and animal development and improvement, what is believed to be happening i s that metals and minerais présent in water become colloïdal suspensions through the prosess that makes them more available for assimilation/metabolization by plants and anim energetic water is applied to soil, it serves to re ; soil in such a way as to convert them into assimiiation.

lais. It is also believed that, when highly act with and activate latent nutrients in the a condition for enhanced and bénéficiai

k.

[0189]

Freezing of Processed Water

Processed water has been subjechd to températures as low as zéro degrees Fahrenheit for days at a time, causing the formation of an ice shell while the center core volume remains liquid. At a certain point the o pressures, remnant motion and energy, and tt water [0190] Exposure to freezing températures us low as zéro degrees Fahrenheit results in dramatîc crystalline ice formations within the water, some of them rising above the water level. After prolonged exposure to freezing tem fluid/liquid condition, demonstrating residual freezing of the entire volume of water. FIGs. phenomena.

jter shell will crack, allowing equalization of e eventual freezing of the entire volume of . seratures, a portion of the water remains in a energetic motion that has precluded the 42A-42D illustrate some examples of these

i.

[0191]

Densification of Water

In experiments conducted on contai ned volumes of water, significant out-gassing occurs for a period of time, dépendent on the volume of water involved, even though the unit is completely submerged. This process results in the literal densification of the water. An X”' example is two identical vessels with one filled with tap water weighs 8.85 pounds as compared to the other vessel filled with water that weighs 9.15 pounds. Another example: A gallon vessel has experienced a water Ievel drop of .3 inches after three hours of processing. Over time, the water becomes progr îssively more viscous, which is evidenced by the operational speed of the system dropping, aver time, by as much as 300 to 400 RPM without increasing electrical power input. In this example, operational speed at 8:30 P.M. is 1240 RPM and at 9:00 A.M. is 870 RPM. Running at elevated speeds tends to produce less viscous water. Objects floated in the densified w floated in the control water.

' îter are more buoyant than when they are

Processed Water as a Transmitti [0192] Processed water has a transmit ing, unprocessed water and on untreated water to which processed water is introduced. The inventors hâve seen this phenomenon occur on different occasions. Examples of as little as half a percent of processed water added to untreated water hâve transmitted and replicated these effects, which become more profound over time; eventually reaching a state of what may be referred to as a state of maturity. These same effects hâve been achieved in dealing with extensive volumes of water, i.e., treatment of a domestic water well discussed above, precluding the necessity of direct processi [0193] A container of water is drawn from placed in close proximity to the water which will Ibe processed. A unit processes the mother water. During and post-processing, water valu· values of the larger volume of water.

m.

ng and Réplication Media communicative effect on nearby, ;ng.

water to be processed. It is sealed and les in the container will chase/mirror the

Distilled Water pH Tests [0194] Two tests were run involving distilled for the distilled water after running a device bu embodiments and mixing processed water into the vessel with the distilled water.

n.

water to détermine the impact on pH values It according to one of the above-described

1. Distilled Water Test 1 [0195]

Clean, distilled water beginning wilh a pH of 6.9, processed within a sealed snt of atmospheric air/oxygen, undergoes a container, precluding the possibility of entrainm pH increase to 7.95 over time, which clearly demonstrates uptake and potentielly entrainment of supplémentai oxygen as a direct resuit of the dynamic process. Once the system was turned off, water pH values fluctuated in the 7.3 — 7.9 range. It is believed these changes in pH are attributed to changes in values caused by the process, as outside air was precluded and other éléments are not presen:

in distilled water.

Product discharge was submerged at the bottom of the container.

Date Time

Day 1

7:00 P.M.

7:20

6.9 process started

7.33

7:40

7.71

8:00

7.71

8:20

7.66

8:40

9:00

9:30

7.59

7.62

Day 2

10.0

10:20

10:50

8:00 A.M.

8:55

7.66

7.64

7.39

7.22

7.42

9:05

7.39

7.64

9:15

9:40

7.78

7.95

10:00

7.95 turned off system restarted system turned off system

2. Distilled Water Test 2

The second distilled water test invoh ed mixing two cups distilled water with two /alues for the distilled water were pH 7.6, [0196] tablespoons of processed water. The starting

ORP 098, and Dissolved Solids 001. The startihg values for the processed water were pH

6.8, ORP 164, and Dissolved Solids 306.

Date	Time	EH
Day 1	9:45 A.M.	7.7
	10:05	6.9
	1:00 P.M.	7.3
	5:35	8.4
Day 2	6:57 A.M.	7.8
	5:14	7.9
Day 3	8:16 A.M.	7.7
	1:14 P.M.	7.5
	9:03	7.8
Day 4	11:08 A.M.	7.5
Day 6	11:01 A.M.	8.1
Day 7	2:34 P.M.	7.6

ORP	Dissolved Solids
105	023
115	026
128	023
102	024
089	030
109	034
052	032
053	034
072	030
101	033
080	035
083	036 ., -

ο.

Laboratory Water Tests

Water was taken from two different sources in Mexico and was treated with a invention. The water was tested by the [0197] system built according to an embodiment of the

Instituto Politecnico Nacional. The first water collt ction was from the central patio fountain in Jiquilpan, Michoacan, Mexico where the water was contaminated and algae infested. The second water collection was from an irrigation canal in the Vallado del Rey near Zamora, Michoacan, Mexico.

[0198] treated by a system. The tables shown in FIGs were for the water samples, readings after beint | treated for two hours, and readings after being treated for four months. From each water prior to running the system, at 2 hours after the iystem began running, and at 4 hours after the system began running. Just one sample chemically tested, while ail the samples were b < and quantification is a population approximation based on statistical méthodologies.

Both samples showed an improvempnt in the quality of the water from being 43 and 44 show what the initial readings collection, there were three samples taken out of each set of three samples was ologically tested. The biological sampling

1. Central Patio Fountain Water [0199] Over the course of the water being Ireated, the amount of sulfates, the amount of potassium, the number of coliforms, the number of e. coli, the amount of molds, and the amount of algae were decreased tremendouslv between the initial and after 4 hours of treatment. FIG. 43 shows a table with ths resulting measured data at the three measurement points and three samples for eaci point with the left side of the table listing the parameter being measured and the right sido identifying the units of measure and/or the methodology used to conduct the measurement.

y between the initial and after 4 hours of decreased by more than 99.9% while fecal

2. Vallado Del Rey Water [0200] Over the course of the water being treated, the amount of sulfates, the amount of potassium, the number of coliforms, the numier of e. coli, the amount of molds, and the amount of algae were decreased tremendous treatment. The number of total coliforms was coliforms were decreased by more than 88%. With both coliform measurements the largest drop occurred in the first two hours of water tn ;atment. Another interesting resuit with this water was that the total hardness decreased jy approximately 11.5%. FIG. 44 shows a table with the resulting measured data at the three measurement points and three samples for each point with the left side of the table listing the parameter being measured and the right side identifying the units of measure ard/or the methodology used to conduct the measurement.

It should be noted that the preseit invention may, however, be embodied in [02011 ete, and will fully convey the scope of the many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments and prototype examples set forth herein; rather, the embodiments set forth herein are provided so that the disclosure will be thorough and comp invention to those skilled in the art. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiment and prototype examples of the invention.

[0202] As used above “substantially,” “generally,” and other words of degree are relative modifiers intended to indicate permisi ible variation from the characteristic so modified. It is not intended to be limited to thu absolute value or characteristic which it modifies but rather possessing more of the pfysical or functional characteristic than its opposite, and preferably, approaching or app oximating such a physical or functional characteristic. “Substantially” also is used to reflect the existence of manufacturing tolérances that exist for manufacturing compon ents. The foregoing description describes different components of embodiments being “in “In fluid communication includes the ability for f uid to travel from one component/chamber to another component/chamber. Based on this cisclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the use of “same”, “identical” différences that would arise during manufacturing to reflect typical tolérances for goods of this type.

[0203] Those skilled in the art will appréciai ï that various adaptations and modifications of the exemplary and alternative embodiments iescribed above can be configured without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Therefore, it is to be understood that, within the scope of the appended daims, the specifically described herein. — fluid communication to other components.

and other similar words are inclusive of invention may be practiced other than as

Claims (15)

1. CLAIMS:

   1. A system comprising:

   a motor;

   a vortex module having a housing, a plurality of inlets spaced around the periphsry of the housing, and a vortex chamber formed in said housing and in fluid communication with said plurality acute angle and are evenly spaced about of inlets extending from said vortex housing at an said vortex housing; and a disk-pack module having a housing having a discharge chamber fou discharge chamber having at least one discharge med in said disk-pack housing, and said sort, and a disk-pack turbine having an expansion chamber formed in an axial center and in fluid k-pack turbine having a plurality of spaced jetween said expansion chamber and said ;ted to said motor; and me of said plurality of inlets to said vortex least one disk chamber between adjacent communication with said vortex chamber, said diql apart disks providing a plurality of disk chambers discharge chamber, said disk-pack turbine conneéi wherein a fluid pathway exists from at least 11 chamber to said expansion chamber through at disks into said discharge chamber and out said ait least one discharge port with fluid flowing along the fluid pathway when said disk-pack turbi ie is rotated by said motor.
2. 2. A system comprising:

   a motor;

   a vortex module having a housing, a plurality of inlets spaced around the periphery of the housing, and a vortex chamber formed in said housing a of inlets extending from said vortex housing at a said vortex housing; and a disk-pack module having a housing having a discharge chamber f jrmed in said disk-pack housing, and said discharge chamber having at least one discharge port providing a fluid pathway from said discharge chamber to outside of said disk-pack housing, and a disk-pack turbine having an expansion c ïamber formed in an axial center and in fluid communication with said vortex chamber, said t isk-pack turbine having a plurality of spaced apart disks providing a plurality of disk chamber ï between said expansion chamber and said discharge chamber, said disk-pack turbine conn scted to said motor.

   nd in fluid communication with said plurality i acute angle and are evenly spaced about ion ‘β€Ι inner screen, and an outer screen having [al engagement with said inner screen, and n and the slots of said outer screen control
3. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising one of the following intake modules a first intake module including an intake housing with at least one intake opening passing through it into an intake chamber formed in said intake housing, and a plurality of ports in fluid communication with said intake chamber, sach of said plurality of ports is in fluid communication with one inlet of said vortex modul a second intake module including a screen;

   a third intake module including a screen having an inner screen having a plurality of slots passing therethrough, a bottom connected to saie a plurality of slots passing therethrough in rotation wherein an overlap of the slots of said inner sert-, a size of particle permitted to enter said system; c a fourth intake module having an intake chamber housing an impeller having a plurality of blades, said impeller is rotated by said motor.
4. 4.

   Includes at least one supplémentai port in fluid where said at least one supplémentai port extenc s from a top of said vortex housing.

   The system according to any one of daims 1-4, further comprising a controller in aving means for controlling the operational following criteria; time of day, day, time of ng motor, and feedback regarding water

   The system according to any one of clainps 1-3, wherein said vortex module further communication with said vortex chamber
5. 5. communication with said motor, said controller H; speed of the motor based on at least one of the month, month, time of year, time since start characteristics.
6. 6. The system according to any one of clan s 1-5, further comprising a plurality of wing shims connected to said plurality of disks, said w ing shims maintain the spacing between the disks and the alignaient of the disks to each oth< sr.
7. 7. A disk-pack turbine comprising:

   a top disk plate having an opening passing tfi a plurality of disks with each disk having an said disk;

   a bottom plate having a mount capable of attachment to at least one of a motor and a driveshaft; and a plurality of wing shims connecting and alig iing said top disk plate, said plurality of disks and said bottom plate to form an area def ned by the plurality of openings and the dépréssion of said bottom plate, said plurality disks such that a disk chamber is formed betwe
8. 8. The disk-pack turbine according to any o ne of daims 1-7, wherein at least three of the disk chambers hâve a rough an axial center of said top disk plate; opening passing through an axial center of of wing shims space apart said plurality of en adjacent disks.

   height of at least 1.7 mm, said disks include _vV^_ ' stainless steel, and said wing shims include at lea st one of brass and stainless steel; or at least three of the disk chambers hâve a height of between 1.3 mm and 2.5 mm.
9. 9. The disk-pack turbine according to any one of claims 6-8, wherein each of said wing shims includes a plurality of spacers, where at least one space i plurality of disks, each spacer includes at least on b opening passing therethrough, and at least one connection member; and wherein each disk includes a plurality of openhgs passing therethrough with at least one opening being associated with each wing shim, for each wing shim, said at least one connect< wing shim and said plurality of disks together, said at least one connection member aligns said spacers relative to said plurality of disks.
10. 10. The disk-pack turbine according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein at least two of said plurality of disks are made of at least one of stainless steel, brass, and polycarbonate.
11. 11. A method of operation of a system havinc a vortex module and a disk-pack module comprising;

    rotating a disk-pack turbine in the disk-pack module;

    spinning a fluid to create a vortex where the fl of the vortex module prior to entry;

    discharging the fluid from the vortex module disk-pack turbine of the disk-pack module;

    channeling the fluid between spaces that exis t between disks of the disk-pack turbine to travel from the expansion chamber to a discharge chamber surrounding the disk-pack turbine; and accumulating fluid in the discharge chamber >efore discharging the fluid through at least one discharge port.
12. 12. A method for providing water with incieased oxygen levels and a réduction in extraneous material in the water, the method comprising:

    placing into a water source at least one system having a vortex module and a disk-pack module, operating the at least one system as follows rotating a disk-pack turbine in the disk-pac< module, creating a vortex of fluid that enters the outside of the vortex module prior to entry, discharging the fluid from the vortex module into an expansion chamber formed in the disk-pack turbine of the disk-pack module, channeling the fluid between spaces that f is présent between adjacent disks of said on member connects said spacers of said □id that enters the vortex is located outside into an expansion chamber formed in the vortex module where the fluid is located exist between disks of the disk-pack turbine ιΛ'' : large chamber surrounding the disk-pack source as the extraneous material at least herein the system substantially performs ail to travel from the expansion chamber to a dise turbine, and accumulating fluid in the discharge chamber before discharging the fluid through a plurality of discharge ports;

    pumping water from the water source to at least one outlet for consomption; and removing extraneous material from the water one of précipitâtes from the water and dies as a resuit of operation of the system.
13. 13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, w of the steps when the disk-pack turbine is ratatine
14. 14. The method according to any one of claim! ; 11-13, further comprising at least one of adjusting a speed of rotation of the disk-pack i urbine during operation; pumping fluid into the system and into the vor ex module;

    collecting particles that precipitate out of the v ater; and performing the following steps collecting fluid into a container prior to ope placing the system into the container, operating the system by performing the roi atîng, creating, discharging, channeling, and accumulating steps for a period of time, after operating the system for a period of ime, returning the fluid in the container to its source, and allowing the fluid to mix and propagate thraugh the source of the fluid after its retum to its source.
15. 15. The method according to any one of chims 11-14, wherein the source is selected from a group consisting of a river, a stream, a cieek, a réservoir, a pond, and a lake.

    ation of the system,