NZ763644A - Inter-penetrating elastomer network derived from ground tire rubber particles - Google Patents
Inter-penetrating elastomer network derived from ground tire rubber particlesInfo
- Publication number
- NZ763644A NZ763644A NZ763644A NZ76364418A NZ763644A NZ 763644 A NZ763644 A NZ 763644A NZ 763644 A NZ763644 A NZ 763644A NZ 76364418 A NZ76364418 A NZ 76364418A NZ 763644 A NZ763644 A NZ 763644A
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- polymeric matrix
- group
- auxiliary polymer
- matrix
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 10
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 claims 2
- AFVDZBIIBXWASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (e)-1,3,5-hexatriene Chemical compound C=CC=CC=C AFVDZBIIBXWASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003211 cis-1,4-polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005555 halobutyl Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003212 trans-1,4-polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002209 Crumb rubber Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011387 rubberized asphalt concrete Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L17/00—Compositions of reclaimed rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/246—Intercrosslinking of at least two polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L19/00—Compositions of rubbers not provided for in groups C08L7/00 - C08L17/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2317/00—Characterised by the use of reclaimed rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2400/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2400/26—Elastomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2407/00—Characterised by the use of natural rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2409/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2409/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08J2409/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2421/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/20—Recycled plastic
- C08L2207/24—Recycled plastic recycling of old tyres and caoutchouc and addition of caoutchouc particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/20—Mixtures of bitumen and aggregate defined by their production temperatures, e.g. production of asphalt for road or pavement applications
- C08L2555/22—Asphalt produced above 140°C, e.g. hot melt asphalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/30—Environmental or health characteristics, e.g. energy consumption, recycling or safety issues
- C08L2555/34—Recycled or waste materials, e.g. reclaimed bitumen, asphalt, roads or pathways, recycled roof coverings or shingles, recycled aggregate, recycled tires, crumb rubber, glass or cullet, fly or fuel ash, or slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/40—Mixtures based upon bitumen or asphalt containing functional additives
- C08L2555/80—Macromolecular constituents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Crumb rubber obtained from recycled tires is subjected to an interlinked substitution process. The process utilizes a reactive component that interferes with sulfur bonds. The resulting treated rubber exhibits properties similar to those of the virgin composite rubber structure prior to being granulated, and is suitable for use in fabricating new tires, engineered rubber articles, and asphalt rubber for use in waterproofing and paving applications.
Claims (18)
1. A polymeric matrix comprising a crosslinked network of -life tirederived rubber and at least one auxiliary polymer comprising a reactive moiety, n the reactive moiety of the auxiliary polymer is reacted with a omatic hydrocarbon so as to form a chemical bond, whereby the ric matrix sequesters the polyaromatic hydrocarbon, and n the polymeric matrix has an effective le size of less than 5 microns.
2. The polymeric matrix of Claim 1, wherein the auxiliary polymer is ed from the group consisting of a functionalized butadiene, a functionalized virgin natural rubber and, a functionalized styrene butadiene/butadiene rubber.
3. The polymeric matrix of Claim 1 or 2, wherein the end-of-life tire-derived rubber and the auxiliary polymer have different backbone chemistries.
4. The polymeric matrix of any of Claims 1-3, wherein the at least one auxiliary polymer comprises an epoxide group as the moiety.
5. The polymeric matrix of any of Claims 1-4, in a form of a sheet.
6. The polymeric matrix of Claim 5, exhibiting an ropy in length tensile strength to width tensile strength, wherein the anisotropy in length tensile strength to width tensile strength is at least 1.1:1.
7. The polymeric matrix of any of Claims 1-6, in a form of laminated sheets, wherein each of the sheets has a ess of from 10 to 70 microns, and wherein each of the sheets is oriented 30 to 45 degrees to an anisotropic grain of an adjacent sheet.
8. The polymeric matrix of any of Claims 1-7, in a form of an e selected from the group consisting of tire tread, tire sidewall, roofing membrane, high dielectric electrical tape, tank , reservoir , trench lining, bridge underlayment, wire harness wrap, selfbonding wire harness wrap, shoe soles, rubber boots, electrical tape, foundation waterproofing, parking garage waterproofing, hose, belt, and molding.
9. The polymeric matrix of any of Claims 1-7, in a form of a radiation shielding material.
10. A paving material comprising the polymeric matrix of any of Claims 1-7.
11. A suspension of the polymeric matrix of any of Claims 1-7 in asphalt.
12. A method for preparing a polymeric matrix, comprising: combining vulcanized rubber particles, an auxiliary polymer comprising a reactive moiety, and an organometallic compound into a mixture, so as to induce delamination of a rubber matrix within the vulcanized rubber les as coordinated with disrupting sulfidic linkages, so as to induce crosslinking of the auxiliary polymer into the polymeric matrix, and so as to induce a chemical on between the ve moiety and a polyaromatic hydrocarbon, whereby the polymeric matrix sequesters the polyaromatic hydrocarbon.
13. The method of Claim 12, wherein the organometallic compound is copper acetate.
14. The method of Claim 12 or 13, wherein the auxiliary polymer is a polybutadiene and wherein the reactive moiety is an epoxide group.
15. The method of Claim 12 or 13, wherein the reactive moiety is selected from the group consisting of an epoxide group and a urethane group.
16. The method of Claim 12 or 13, wherein the reactive moiety is an acetate group.
17. The method of Claim 12 or 13, wherein the auxiliary polymer is an elastomer.
18. The method of Claim 17, wherein the elastomer is selected from the group ting of butadiene, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, isobutylene-isoprene rubber, styrene-1,4-cis polybutadiene polymer, trans-1,4-polyisoprene, cis-1,4-polyisoprene, natural oprene, tic polyisoprene, chloroprene rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, ogenated butyl rubber, ne rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, nonhydrogenated nitrile rubber, and 1,2-high vinyl butadiene. ELEMENT ONE: An o-mechanical reactor environment (EMRE) which provides an effective “Phase Space” environment to: 1) unpack the GTRP, re-set the vulcanization pre-cursor for 2) subsequent sulfidic bridge realignment, 3) with l alteration to the native, elastomer-filler matrix. 16” SS Rotor Variable 101 tip speed max 15,900 fpm GTRP Slurry Flow Pattern — :7“ ss “Stator" 102 J “ 116 Slots: Cavitation ..r a « Portals DETAIL ‘A’ 3;wa $333 032 26: 0.x memu WE m8 ”LEE E Em 9“. mm .Oi Em; Eo‘m 8N 5% EmeEajw mm; cmmm 020 ES, nmnmm: Cum _o>w_ Wmo?ém £3, 35:? 3039a E0: 0% + mm .562, 30 3mm: 95.5% :28 25 mEm? 020 “wowmmgmoa 5:9:me __.E3 ?gm?om “Em? xc? K :83 mwmhcmocoo wm :0ng ON 556 .mSEEBoco Uuq Em; UU< EEEmE ii Mo Y Cam m< - £00m - B £96533 - mmanoa 2.89: Wmm Lm>o cow mv E; mom»? W3”; mam mm: .UE NE ocw. 3% 023000 ammx Wim?dé a u u x269 “.0 mm OF 0% DD< 8E9 E :3? wa?gDmZTZOZ mw®mm Omammz >>Ogmm Q3 coumm. moe CW3 2w m< gawk mmEm mm ._o> n d9, .Qm Low am Em $me wE/OJJ/w mmWém AQMEQEWQQ mdQU Ioqu muzgom oomWoomWB55 0m “53 @WSN:.oimW@W QNFG uE?mEécmméESQESW$3036.95:8. 3.55 SW WW...»A m?h? /(
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201862613744P | 2018-01-04 | 2018-01-04 | |
| US201862621465P | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | |
| PCT/US2018/028656 WO2018200340A1 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2018-04-20 | Process for regenerating a monolithic, macro-structural, inter-penetrating elastomer network morphology from ground tire rubber particles |
| US201862703366P | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | |
| US16/053,708 US10626275B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2018-08-02 | Inter-penetrating elastomer network derived from ground tire rubber particles |
| PCT/US2018/045061 WO2019028286A1 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2018-08-02 | Inter-penetrating elastomer network derived from ground tire rubber particles |
| PCT/US2018/057110 WO2019135815A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2018-10-23 | Inter-penetrating elastomer network derived from ground tire rubber particles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ763644A true NZ763644A (en) | 2024-02-23 |
| NZ763644B2 NZ763644B2 (en) | 2024-05-24 |
Family
ID=
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019135815A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 |
| CN111479870B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
| JP7379340B2 (en) | 2023-11-14 |
| AU2018400200B2 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
| JP2021509694A (en) | 2021-04-01 |
| KR20230145227A (en) | 2023-10-17 |
| AU2018400200A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
| AU2020256340A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
| MX2020006750A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CA3080627A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 |
| KR102586008B1 (en) | 2023-10-05 |
| SG10202013259UA (en) | 2021-02-25 |
| EP3735440A1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
| RU2020115429A (en) | 2022-02-04 |
| AU2020256340B2 (en) | 2023-01-05 |
| KR20200096940A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
| MX2021003540A (en) | 2021-05-27 |
| EP3735440A4 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
| CN111479870A (en) | 2020-07-31 |
| SG11202003514QA (en) | 2020-05-28 |
| SA520412374B1 (en) | 2023-03-06 |
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