NZ759397B2 - Active crystallisation control in phase change material thermal storage systems - Google Patents

Active crystallisation control in phase change material thermal storage systems

Info

Publication number
NZ759397B2
NZ759397B2 NZ759397A NZ75939718A NZ759397B2 NZ 759397 B2 NZ759397 B2 NZ 759397B2 NZ 759397 A NZ759397 A NZ 759397A NZ 75939718 A NZ75939718 A NZ 75939718A NZ 759397 B2 NZ759397 B2 NZ 759397B2
Authority
NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
pcm
phase change
containment vessel
storage system
thermal storage
Prior art date
Application number
NZ759397A
Other versions
NZ759397A (en
Inventor
Andrew John Bissell
Santokh Singh Gataora
David Oliver
Maurizio Zaglio
Original Assignee
Sunamp Limited
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB1708724.8A external-priority patent/GB201708724D0/en
Application filed by Sunamp Limited filed Critical Sunamp Limited
Publication of NZ759397A publication Critical patent/NZ759397A/en
Publication of NZ759397B2 publication Critical patent/NZ759397B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/021—Control thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/028—Control arrangements therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Abstract

thermal storage system 100 where sub-cooled phase change material (PCM) is nucleated via a controlled thermal region(s). The storage system comprises a containment vessel 112, phase change material located in the containment vessel 112, a heat exchanger located inside the containment vessel 112 and immersed in the phase change material, the heat exchanger having an input 114 and an output 116, a maintained cold spot that actively keeps some nucleating agent below its deactivation temperature when the PCM is above or near the deactivation temperature such that the PCM does not exhibit sub-cooling upon discharge. The nucleating agent is a specific hydrate. A deactivation process of the nucleating agent is dehydration or melting. Nucleating the PCM via a controlled thermal region within the containment vessel results in control of nucleation resulting in consistent, predictive and selectable crystallisation of the PCM.

Claims (3)

WHAT WE CLAIM IS: -
1. A thermal storage system where sub-cooled phase change material (PCM) is nucleated via a controlled thermal region(s), said thermal storage system comprising: a containment vessel ; phase change al located in the containment vessel; a heat ger located inside the containment vessel and immersed in the phase change material, the heat exchanger having an input and an output; a maintained cold spot that actively keeps some nucleating agent below its deactivation temperature when the PCM is above or near the deactivation temperature such that the PCM does not exhibit sub-cooling upon discharge, wherein the nucleating agent is a specific hydrate and wherein a deactivation process of the nucleating agent is dehydration or melting, and wherein nucleating PCM via a controlled thermal region within the containment vessel results in control of nucleation ing in consistent, predictive and selectable crystallisation of the PCM.
2. A thermal storage system according to claim 1, n the controlled l region is the cold spot that actively protects the nucleating agent by keeping it below its thermally driven vation process temperature at all times and is ined by thermal conductive pathway to an area of lower temperature than the PCM .
3. A thermal storage system according to claim 2, wherein the controlled l region of the thermal storage system comprises one or more of: (i) a heat spreader which comprises one of: a sheet of graphite, or a metal; (ii) a region of thermal t with the ambient; (iii) a temperature sensor that provides information feedback.
NZ759397A 2018-05-31 Active crystallisation control in phase change material thermal storage systems NZ759397B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1708724.8A GB201708724D0 (en) 2017-06-01 2017-06-01 Active crystallisation control in phase-change material thermal storage systems
PCT/GB2018/051483 WO2018220378A1 (en) 2017-06-01 2018-05-31 Active crystallisation control in phase change material thermal storage systems

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ759397A NZ759397A (en) 2025-05-02
NZ759397B2 true NZ759397B2 (en) 2025-08-05

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