NZ752067B2 - Method and defence system for combating threats - Google Patents
Method and defence system for combating threats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ752067B2 NZ752067B2 NZ752067A NZ75206717A NZ752067B2 NZ 752067 B2 NZ752067 B2 NZ 752067B2 NZ 752067 A NZ752067 A NZ 752067A NZ 75206717 A NZ75206717 A NZ 75206717A NZ 752067 B2 NZ752067 B2 NZ 752067B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- threat
- defense
- laser
- heating
- missile
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- INNPZTGYZSAJFN-ZTVUPKSFSA-N 2-[1-[[(E)-3-chloroprop-2-enoxy]amino]propylidene]-5-(2-ethylsulfanylpropyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione Chemical compound CCSC(C)CC1CC(=O)C(=C(CC)NOC\C=C\Cl)C(=O)C1 INNPZTGYZSAJFN-ZTVUPKSFSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001809 detectable Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000004804 Iberis amara Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000051 modifying Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004544 spot-on Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
- F41G3/14—Indirect aiming means
- F41G3/145—Indirect aiming means using a target illuminator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/226—Semi-active homing systems, i.e. comprising a receiver and involving auxiliary illuminating means, e.g. using auxiliary guiding missiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/2273—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves
- F41G7/2293—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
- F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
- F41H13/0043—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target
- F41H13/005—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target the high-energy beam being a laser beam
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/495—Counter-measures or counter-counter-measures using electronic or electro-optical means
Abstract
is proposed to make a threat (2) better visible for a defensive measure (3). In this context, the threat (2) should be imaged more intensely for the defensive measure (3). For the purposes of more effective imaging, provision is made for the threat (2) to emit a stronger IR signature and thus be able to stand out sufficiently against the background for the defensive measure (3). The stronger IR signature is caused by heating a surface (9) of the threat (2), which is realized by a laser weapons system (7). The defensive measure (3) can better detect this heating and has an IR seeker head to this end. able to stand out sufficiently against the background for the defensive measure (3). The stronger IR signature is caused by heating a surface (9) of the threat (2), which is realized by a laser weapons system (7). The defensive measure (3) can better detect this heating and has an IR seeker head to this end.
Description
- 1 –
DESCRIPTION
Method and defense system for combating threats
The invention relates to a method for defense from
targets and/or threats, in particular for defense from
moving or stationary objects. These include missiles,
such as guided missiles, rockets, grenades, helicopters,
aircraft, and vehicles. In particular, the method is
directed to the recognition and elimination of threats.
The invention also relates to a defense system, which
comprises at least one laser system and defense means
based on IR sensors, such as missiles, guided ammunition,
UAVs, etc.
For protection from threats, objects to be protected can
be concealed by pyrotechnic illuminants, while the object
to be protected can be moved out of the hazard zone, for
example. Devices and methods have proven themselves here
as are known, inter alia, from DE 10 2005 020 159 B4 or
DE 10 2005 035 251 A1. DE 10 2011 009 154 A1 moves the
smokescreen directly in front of the attacker, as close
as possible in front of the seeker.
Active deception of an intelligent, radar-guided threat
is known from DE 10 2011 120 929 A1. The active deception
is provided by an antenna array, which is attached on or
below the surface of an ammunition body. Both the
directional effect and also the radar signal to be
emitted are influenced by means of suitable signal
processing and geometry. Significant signatures of
various targets can thus also be applied to the reflected
signal in order to divert the threat from the target.
The use of interfering emitters provides another
countermeasure. DE 10 2013 014 192 A1 uses a laser unit
having a modulation code to transmit modulated
measurement radiation to the flying object. The target
acquisition of the seeker is thus disturbed. Furthermore,
the measurement radiation reflected from the flying
object is detected, correlated with the modulation code,
and the distance to the flying object is determined from
the correlation. Incorporating a shielding unit having a
shielding element guided partially around the optical
joint is considered in DE 10 2011 104 021 A1 for shielding
from interfering radiation.
A method for defense from a missile by means of defense
radiation, in which the missile is recognized and
classified as such, is discussed in DE 10 2011 009 459
A1. The defense strategy is prepared in dependence on an
irradiation angle between the irradiation direction and
the flight direction of the missile. This concept
proceeds from the consideration of depositing as much
radiation energy as possible into selected, functionally-
sensitive missile elements of the missile for more
reliable damage. It is therefore important to strike the
selected missile element at a correct irradiation angle.
The technical expenditure linked thereto is high.
The use of a laser source for a DIRCM laser weapon system
is also proposed for the self-defense of an aircraft
against a missile having IR seeker as disclosed in DE 10
2006 047 845 A1. DE 197 24 080 A1 also provides the
destruction of a missile having an infrared seeker by an
oriented laser beam of high-intensity radiation. For this
purpose, lasers or laser weapons having high power and/or
radiation are necessary.
A defense system against missiles (rockets) is known from
A1. Proceeding from the disadvantage that
false targets generally strike the ground as flares and
moreover this type of countermeasure is costly and not
always effective, this document proposes, as a
countermeasure against an IR threat, providing a heat
source or signature which is brighter, stronger, and
larger or has a higher radiation intensity than the
hottest heat source of the aircraft. An attractive heat
source or a target for a rocket is thus formed. This
brighter, stronger, and larger heat source is then
located in the towline of the aircraft.
The invention relates to the object of disclosing a
method which efficiently enables simple recognition of a
threat and ensures reliable elimination thereof.
In accordance with a first aspect of the invention, there
is provided a method for defense from a threat comprising
the following steps:
- detecting the threat,
- emitting a laser beam of a laser system onto the
threat,
- striking of the laser beam on a surface of the
threat, wherein
- the laser beam heats the surface of the threat at
least in a punctiform manner such that a temperature
difference of at least approximately 2°C exists between
the threat and a background thereby causing the threat
to emit an IR signature that stands out sufficiently from
the background, and
- detecting the heating by an IR seeker of a defense
measure such that the defense measure can intercept and
eliminate the threat.
In accordance with a second aspect of the invention,
there is provided a defense system for protecting an
object from a stationary or moving threat, characterized
by at least one detection device, at least one laser
weapon system for heating a surface of the threat such
that a temperature difference of at least approximately
2°C exists between the threat and a background thereby
causing the threat to emit an IR signature that stands
out sufficiently from the background, and at least one
weapon for discharging a defense measure having an IR
seeker wherein the heating is detectable by the IR seeker
such that the defense measure can intercept and eliminate
the threat.
In accordance with a third aspect of the invention, there
is provided a stationary or moving object having a
defense system as outlined in relation to the second
aspect of the invention.
The invention is based on the concept of making a target
or a threat better visible to a defense measure.
US 5,050,476 A relates to a rocket system, which
comprises a laser for thermally marking a target, using
which a hot point is generated on the target. A
heatseeking rocket then picks up the heated point on the
target. The laser power for the various seekers in the
rocket is dependent in this case on the time at which the
laser is switched on. In this case, this is an attack
measure. The use for defense from the threat or the target
is not discussed here.
The target or the threat is to be imaged more intensively
for the defense measure according to the invention. It
is unimportant in this case whether the threat or the
target itself is formed having an IR seeker or not.
For the more effective imaging, it is provided that the
target/the threat itself emits a stronger IR signature
and thus can stand out from the background sufficiently
using an IR sensor for the defense measure to be emitted.
The target/the threat can thus be better detected by the
defense measure, i.e., successfully combated by this
defense measure. The property is utilized that metals,
steel, plastic, and other materials (for example,
concrete) absorb laser radiation and thus heat up.
To implement this concept, it is provided that laser
radiation heats the target/the threat on its surface. The
heating causes a larger heated (red) spot, which is
generated on the surface of the target/the threat. This
intensified electro-optical imaging of the target/the
threat can be better recorded by a missile having an IR
seeker as a defense measure.
The stronger radiation is thus induced by heating a
surface of the target/the threat, which is preferably
implemented by a laser weapon system, which supplies the
laser radiation required for this purpose. The defense
measure can then better detect this heating, since it
stands out better from the background as a heated area.
The switching on of the laser weapon system upon the
threat and/or the emission of a time-limited laser beam
to the threat is performed after a possible threat has
been recognized by a detection device.
If the target/the threat is, for example, a missile
without seeker, the tip (ogive, hood) of the missile is
preferably heated. If the threat is a missile with
seeker, preferably the seeker itself is heated.
Furthermore, the fuselage, the wings, and also the tail
unit can be heated, individually or in combination.
If the missile (with or without seeker) has a plastic
hood, it can be sufficient to destroy this plastic hood.
The flight property of the missile can thus be
restricted, so that it misses the object to be protected.
The missile is thus made unusable.
According to the invention, a laser weapon system and a
threat defense are functionally combined with one
another. The laser weapon system does not primarily have
the object in this case of destroying the threat itself.
The laser power to be emitted can thus be less than that
of a laser weapon. Moreover, the target accuracy of the
threat defense is enhanced by this laser weapon system.
The emission or discharge of only one defense measure is
thus sufficient to defend from the threat. Moreover, the
use of laser weapon systems is expanded. The threat
defense is assisted by the laser weapon system.
Laser weapon systems are known in practice. Thus, DE 10
2012 150 074 B3 describes a laser weapon system having a
beam directing unit comprising at least one laser
generating unit, at least one output stage element, and
a beam optical element. A further laser weapon system is
also disclosed in A1.
To carry out the method, at least one detection device
for detecting a threat, a laser weapon system, preferably
a high-performance laser weapon system, and a
countermeasure (defense means), in this case a rocket
(missile), a missile having IR seeker, or an IR drone,
etc. are necessary. The use of an illumination laser
within the defense system can also be provided. A target
seeking system as a tracking system is also advantageous.
After the threat has been heated on at least one of its
sensitive structural parts, the countermeasure or defense
measure can be triggered and used against the threat.
In the case of multiple threats, at least one further
laser weapon system can also be used. More than one laser
weapon system has the advantage that they can act on only
one threat, which lengthens the time window for the
threat elimination, since the heating of the sensitive
structure parts takes place faster. The laser beams are
preferably superimposed on the target for this purpose.
It is proposed that a threat or a target for a defense
measure be made better visible. The threat or the target
is to be imaged more intensively for the defense measure
in this context. For the more effective imaging, it is
provided that the threat or the target emits a stronger
IR signature and can thus stand out sufficiently from the
background for the defense measure. The stronger IR
signature is induced by heating a surface of the threat
or the target itself, which is implemented by a laser
weapon system. The defense measure can better detect this
heating and has an IR seeker for this purpose.
In principle, the method can be applied to all possible
targets and threats which comprise a material which can
absorb laser radiation and thus heat up. The method is
applicable for all missiles and not only restricted to
threatening IR or RF missiles. The method can moreover
also be used for other targets/threats. In addition to
the moving targets/threats, stationary targets/threats
are also included among them.
The invention will be explained in greater detail on the
basis of an exemplary embodiment with drawing.
The single figure shows a block diagram of a defense
system 10 for threat defense. The threat 2 is an incoming
missile in the present exemplary embodiment. For the
threat defense, in the present exemplary embodiment a
rocket (missile) 3 having an IR seeker is provided, which
can be discharged from a weapon (not shown in greater
detail) (launcher).
The defense system 10 comprises at least one detection
device 4, which can be a radar or an electro-optical
system. A laser 6 can be integrated as an illumination
laser into the defense system 10. A laser weapon system
is identified by 7, which is to better characterize
(identify) the threat 2 according to the invention. The
laser weapon system 7 is a high-performance laser in this
case. A fire control of the defense system 10 is not
shown in greater detail, since it is known. Incoming
signals, data, etc., for example, of the detection device
4, etc. are processed via this fire control and output
as signals or data to the actuators incorporated in the
defense system 10, for example, a weapon not shown in
greater detail, the laser 6 or the laser weapon system
7, etc.
The laser weapon system 7 consists at least of a laser
unit, a laser (high-performance laser), such as single-
resonator oscillator, or master oscillator power
amplifier (MOPA), and associated optical units (not shown
in greater detail).
By means of the detection device 4, a space to be
monitored around an object 11 to be secured (stationary,
movable, or moving) is regularly searched and monitored
for incoming missiles 2.
With recognition of the threat, the emission of the
countermeasure can be initiated by the fire control and
the rockets 3 can be sent toward the missile 2 in a known
manner. The launcher (not shown in greater detail here)
required for this purpose can also be located remotely
from the object 11, but is to be functionally connected
to the fire control of the defense system 10.
At the point in time of the detection of the threat 2, a
target tracking system (not shown in greater detail) can
also switch thereto.
In order that a single shot eliminates the missile 2, it
is provided that a clearly recognizable target (missile
2) faces the rocket 3. This missile 2 is supposed to
stand out better from the background for this purpose.
This better standing out is implementable by at least
punctiform heating on the threat. In practice, a
temperature difference of approximately 2°C has been
shown to be sufficient. At an ambient temperature of
°C, heating to 17°C would be sufficient and should be
achieved.
As soon as the detection device 4 has detected the
incoming missile 2, the option exists that the
illumination laser 6 switches to the missile 2 and fixes
its laser radiation 6.1 thereon. This fixed point 8 on
the missile 2 is preferably located in the visible region
of the missile 2 (in general the missile tip). The fixed
point 8 can be located in this case on sensitive
structural parts of the missile 2, preferably on the tip
(ogive, hood), tail unit, etc. of the missile 2. The
fixed point 8 can be used by the laser weapon system 7
to align its laser beam 7.1 on the missile 2.
With the aid of the laser beam 7.1, the missile 2 is
heated or warmed on its surface 9, preferably in the
region of the tip (ogive, hood). The missile 2 thus
becomes warmer at this point and images a clearly
recognizable spot on the missile 2 for the IR seeker of
the rocket 3. The rocket 3 can accurately eliminate the
missile 2.
The method can also be applied to stationary
threats/targets.
Patent
Claims (11)
1. A method for defense from a threat comprising the following steps: 5 - detecting the threat, - emitting a laser beam of a laser system onto the threat, - striking of the laser beam on a surface of the threat, wherein 10 - the laser beam heats the surface of the threat at least in a punctiform manner such that a temperature difference of at least approximately 2°C exists between the threat and a background thereby causing the threat to emit an IR signature that stands out 15 sufficiently from the background, and - detecting the heating by an IR seeker of a defense measure such that the defense measure can intercept and eliminate the threat. 20
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heating takes place in the front region of the threat.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in 25 that the front region is a tip, ogive, or hood of the threat.
4. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that furthermore, fuselage, wings, 30 and also tail unit of the threat are heated, individually or in combination.
5. A defense system for protecting an object from a stationary or moving threat, characterized by at 35 least one detection device, at least one laser weapon system for heating a surface of the threat such that a temperature difference of at least approximately 2°C exists between the threat and a background thereby causing the theat to emit an IR signature that stands out sufficiently from the background, and at least one weapon for discharging a defense measure having an IR seeker wherein the heating is detectable by the IR seeker such that the 5 defense measure can intercept and eliminate the threat.
6. The defense system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the defense measure is a 10 rocket.
7. The defense system as claimed in claim 5 or 6, further comprising an illumination laser. 15
8. A stationary or moving object having a defense system as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 7.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, substantially as herein described with reference to any embodiment 20 disclosed.
10. The defense system as claimed in claim 5, substantially as herein described with reference to any embodiment disclosed.
11. The stationary or moving object as claimed in claim 8, substantially as herein described with reference to any embodiment disclosed.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016121698.4 | 2016-11-11 | ||
DE102016121698.4A DE102016121698A1 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | Method and defense system to combat targets and threats |
PCT/EP2017/077695 WO2018086919A1 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2017-10-27 | Method and defence system for combating threats |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ752067A NZ752067A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
NZ752067B2 true NZ752067B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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