NZ743873A0 - Enhanced performance of wood and engineered wood products using combined durability and flame retardancy - Google Patents
Enhanced performance of wood and engineered wood products using combined durability and flame retardancyInfo
- Publication number
- NZ743873A0 NZ743873A0 NZ743873A NZ74387318A NZ743873A0 NZ 743873 A0 NZ743873 A0 NZ 743873A0 NZ 743873 A NZ743873 A NZ 743873A NZ 74387318 A NZ74387318 A NZ 74387318A NZ 743873 A0 NZ743873 A0 NZ 743873A0
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- flame retardant
- alkali metal
- dfr
- durable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 28
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 15
- -1 alkali metal aluminate compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 14
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 230000002335 preservative Effects 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000003171 wood protecting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 229960003975 Potassium Drugs 0.000 claims 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 4
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ethanediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229940099451 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims 2
- WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)OCC#CI WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229960003330 Pentetic Acid Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008577 Pinus radiata Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 241000218621 Pinus radiata Species 0.000 claims 2
- IYJYQHRNMMNLRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium aluminate Chemical compound [Na+].O=[Al-]=O IYJYQHRNMMNLRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001884 aluminium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- AYWHENVLARCQQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;1H-pyrrole Chemical class [Cu].C=1C=CNC=1 AYWHENVLARCQQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N edta Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanolamine Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002538 fungal Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 2
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 2
- UFNOUKDBUJZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C(C)C1CC1 UFNOUKDBUJZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008997 Araucaria cunninghamii Species 0.000 claims 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005757 Cyproconazole Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014466 Douglas bleu Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical class OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940048195 N-(hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005018 Pinus echinata Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241001236219 Pinus echinata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011334 Pinus elliottii Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000142776 Pinus elliottii Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017339 Pinus palustris Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008582 Pinus sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000218626 Pinus sylvestris Species 0.000 claims 1
- HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M Potassium gluconate Chemical compound [K+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005822 Propiconazole Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000218683 Pseudotsuga Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005386 Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UPMFZISCCZSDND-JJKGCWMISA-M Sodium gluconate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O UPMFZISCCZSDND-JJKGCWMISA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229940005574 Sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005839 Tebuconazole Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tebuconazole Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000218638 Thuja plicata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001413 cellular Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229950006191 gluconic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004224 potassium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013926 potassium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229960003189 potassium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000004059 degradation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000034431 double-strand break repair via homologous recombination Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Abstract
Described herein is a treatment method or process and wood products thereof. In particular, a product formulation of a single phase solution combining a wood preservative (durable component) with a Flame Retardant component [FR] to produce a durable Flame Retardant [dFR] treated wood product. The durable component comprises a range of copper based and non-copper based wood preservatives, while the Flame Retardant [FR] component comprises alkali metal silicates and alkali metal aluminate compounds. The durable Flame Retardant [dFR] working solution undergoes chemical impregnation (treatment) followed by a heat (fixation) process step that locks the chemical into the wood making it non-leachable. The durable Flame Retardant [dFR] treated wood products are tested for their enhanced fire performance properties. When heated, wood undergoes thermal degradation and combustion producing gases, vapours, tars and chars. Using the ‘cone calorimeter’ burn test method (AS/NZS 3837), durable Flame Retardant [dFR] treated wood products show a significant reduction in the following parameters: heat release rate (peak & average HRR values), mass loss rate (MLR) and smoke generated values (Smoke Extinction Area - SEA) compared to untreated radiate pine. The main tests being; accelerated weathering and burn tests (AS/NZS3837) all carried out at BRANZ, New Zealand. rable component comprises a range of copper based and non-copper based wood preservatives, while the Flame Retardant [FR] component comprises alkali metal silicates and alkali metal aluminate compounds. The durable Flame Retardant [dFR] working solution undergoes chemical impregnation (treatment) followed by a heat (fixation) process step that locks the chemical into the wood making it non-leachable. The durable Flame Retardant [dFR] treated wood products are tested for their enhanced fire performance properties. When heated, wood undergoes thermal degradation and combustion producing gases, vapours, tars and chars. Using the ‘cone calorimeter’ burn test method (AS/NZS 3837), durable Flame Retardant [dFR] treated wood products show a significant reduction in the following parameters: heat release rate (peak & average HRR values), mass loss rate (MLR) and smoke generated values (Smoke Extinction Area - SEA) compared to untreated radiate pine. The main tests being; accelerated weathering and burn tests (AS/NZS3837) all carried out at BRANZ, New Zealand.
Claims (25)
- WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A process of imparting enhanced durability and fire retardancy properties to lignocellulosic material comprising: a wood preservative; and a flame retardant [FR], consisting of alkali metal silicates and/or alkali metal aluminates that utilise an impregnation treatment process and/or spray, immersion, deluge system such that there is chemical penetration into the cellular internal voids of the lignocellulosic material which becomes insoluble (fixed) on subsequent heating steps.
- 2. The lignocellulosic material product produced by the process of claim 1, wherein the product possesses a property of increased Fire Retardancy [FR].
- 3. The lignocellulosic material product produced by the process of claim 1, wherein the product possesses a property of increased durability to fungal decay, rot, and /or insect attack.
- 4. The product produced by the process of claim 1, wherein the wood preservative in combination with the Flame Retardant [FR] generates an incremental increase in durability to fungal decay, rot and/or insect attack.
- 5. The wood impregnation treatment process of claim 1, wherein the pressure ranges from 0 to 3,500kpa and vacuum 0 to -90kpa.
- 6. The wood impregnation treatment process of claim 1 or claim 5, wherein the chemical absorption ranges from 15 to 950 Litres/m (loading).
- 7. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the process allows for the wood preservative and Flame Retardant [FR] to co-penetrate during the wood impregnation treatment process.
- 8. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wood preservatives are selected from any one of the following: Copper Chrome Arsenate (CCA), dissolved Copper Azoles (dCA), micronized Copper Azoles (mCA), Alkaline Copper Quaternary (ACQ), micronized Copper Quaternary (mCQ), water based Azoles including; tri-azoles - propiconazole, tebuconazole, cyproconazole and carbamates including; iodopropynyl Butyl Carbamate (IPBC) and/or combinations thereof.
- 9. The wood preservatives of claim 8, wherein the preservatives meet hazard class (H) and/or user categories (UC); H3.1, H3.2, H4, H5 (New Zealand), H3, H4, H5 (Australia), UC3A, UC3B, UC4A, UC4B, UC4C & UC5 (United States of America) and/or other equivalent global categories.
- 10. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Flame Retardant [FR] are selected from any one of the following: soluble alkali metal silicates including; sodium silicate (ortho, meta, di & tri-silicates), potassium silicate, lithium silicate and soluble alkali metal aluminates including sodium aluminate and potassium aluminate and/or combinations thereof.
- 11. The Flame Retardant [FR] of claim 10, further comprising aluminium oxide [Al O ] nano-particles (dispersions), aluminium silicate [Al O .SiO ] nano-particles (dispersions) and 2silicon dioxide [SiO ] nano-particle dispersions. 12. The Flame Retardant [FR] of claims 10 or 11, wherein the sodium aluminate and potassium aluminate are stabilised using chelating agents as the stabiliser. 13. The stabilisers as claimed in claim 12, wherein the stabilisers are selected from any one of the following amine compounds; Ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA), Ethylene diamine (EN), Diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (DTPA), (N-(hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid) (HEDTA), Ethylene glycol tetra-acetic acid (EGTA); salts of gluconic acid (“gluconates”), sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, salts of tartaric acid and ethanolamine compounds, monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA) and/or combinations thereof. 14. The Flame Retardant [FR] of claim 11, wherein the aluminium oxide [Al O ] nano-particles (dispersions), aluminium silicate [Al O3.SiO ] nano-particles (dispersions) and silicon dioxide [SiO ] nano-particle dispersions are suspensions in water or organic solvents. 15. The organic solvents of claim 14, wherein the organic solvents are selected from any one of: ethanol, mineral oils, high and low aromatic hydrocarbons and glycols (ethylene and propylene) and/or combinations thereof.
- 12. The process of claim any one of the preceding claims, wherein other additives selected from any one of the following: water repellents, colourants, stabilisers, surfactants, and/or combinations thereof for the impregnation and spray treatment processes enhance properties of increased stability, penetration and colour.
- 13. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the combination of wood preservatives (chemical - durable) and Flame Retardant [FR] (alkali metal silicate and alkali metal aluminates) liquids impregnate internal cells voids and applying a heat or drying step causes the liquid durable (chemical) Flame Retardant [dFR] combination to become insoluble, fixed and encapsulated within the lignocellulosic material.
- 14. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the combination wood preservatives (treated to H3, H4, H5 or equivalent) and Flame Retardants [FR] including alkali metal silicates and alkali metal aluminates produce a working solution required for the impregnation treatment into the wood or engineered wood products.
- 15. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the combination wood preservatives (treated to H3, H4, H5 or equivalent) and Flame Retardants [FR] including alkali metal silicates and alkali metal aluminates produce the working solution required for impregnation treatment is followed by the application of liquid alkali metal silicates or liquid metal aluminates that is applied either via spray, brush, immersion or deluge systems to the wood or engineered wood products.
- 16. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the combination wood preservatives (treated to H3, H4, H5 or equivalent) and Flame Retardants [FR] including alkali metal silicates and alkali metal aluminates, to produce the working solution and whereby the wood preservative is the only working solution that undergoes the impregnation treatment and the liquid alkali silicates or liquid metal aluminate is applied either via spray, brush, immersion or deluge systems to the wood or engineered wood products.
- 17. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the combination wood preservatives (treated to H3, H4, H5 or equivalent) and Flame Retardants [FR], whereby the liquid alkali metal silicates and liquid alkali metal aluminates are applied via spray, immersion or deluge systems at a temperature range of 0 C to 100 C.
- 18. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wood preservative chemical retentions range from 0.1kg/m copper (Cu) to 20kg/m copper (Cu) for the copper based wood preservatives.
- 19. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the alkali metal silicates (flame retardants) chemical retentions range from 0.2kg/m elemental Si (for Sodium, Potassium & Lithium) to 45kg/m elemental Si (for Sodium, Potassium & Lithium).
- 20. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the alkali metal aluminates (Flame Retardants) chemical retentions range from 0.2kg/m elemental Al (for Sodium, Potassium & Lithium) to 45kg/m elemental Al (for Sodium, Potassium & Lithium).
- 21. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the other additives such as water repellents, colourants and the like included in the chemical formulation (working solution) and impregnation treatment process provide other value added properties of wood such as increased dimensional stability and colour.
- 22. The process of any one of the preceding, wherein the heat (fixation) process temperature for the ‘treated flame retardant’ is within the range 50 C to 150 C.
- 23. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the thermal modification temperature is in the range of 150 C to 250 C for durable Flame Retardant [dFR] or Flame Retardant [FR] when thermally modified in a kiln.
- 24. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the durable Flame Retardant [dFR] treated wood product meets Australian Bushfire Standards (AS3959 BAL29) and USA Forest fire Standards (ASTM E 84) respectively.
- 25. The process of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lignocellulosic material is selected from any one of the following wood species: radiata pine (pinus radiata), western red cedar and other cedars, Douglas fir, southern yellow pine, scots pine, hoop pine, slash pine and all other soft and hard type pines and/or combinations thereof. FH623925-1 FH623925-2 FH623925-3600 900 1200 1500 1800Time (sec)
Publications (1)
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