NZ736502B2

NZ736502B2 - Apparatus and process for packaging products

Info

Publication number: NZ736502B2
Application number: NZ736502A
Authority: NZ
Inventors: Giulio Benedetti; Riccardo Palumbo
Original assignee: Cryovac Llc
Priority date: 2015-06-09
Filing date: 2016-06-09
Publication date: 2021-04-30

Abstract

is described an apparatus (1) for packaging a product (P) comprising: a forming station (2) configured for receiving a base film (3) and for forming with it a precursor body (4) having a plurality of tray-shaped elements (5) adjacent to each other, and a packaging station (8) configured for receiving said precursor body (4) and a closing film (9), the packaging station (8) being configured for attaching the closing film (9) to the precursor body (4) at least at an upper opening (5a) of a predetermined number of said tray-shaped elements (5) for forming packages (C) flanked to each other. A movement device (13) is configured for moving at least one of said forming (2) and packaging stations (8), for conferring to the precursor body (4) a step-by-step discontinuous movement along a predetermined advancement path (T). The apparatus is configured so that, at least to the longitudinal portion of the precursor body, the movement along the predetermined advancement path is exclusively applied by the forming station and packaging station themselves during a respective forward stroke. It is also described a packaging process using the apparatus (1). ving said precursor body (4) and a closing film (9), the packaging station (8) being configured for attaching the closing film (9) to the precursor body (4) at least at an upper opening (5a) of a predetermined number of said tray-shaped elements (5) for forming packages (C) flanked to each other. A movement device (13) is configured for moving at least one of said forming (2) and packaging stations (8), for conferring to the precursor body (4) a step-by-step discontinuous movement along a predetermined advancement path (T). The apparatus is configured so that, at least to the longitudinal portion of the precursor body, the movement along the predetermined advancement path is exclusively applied by the forming station and packaging station themselves during a respective forward stroke. It is also described a packaging process using the apparatus (1).

Description

CRY1P74WO TITLE: “APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR ING PRODUCTS” D E S C R I P T I O N Technical field The present invention refers to an apparatus and process for packaging a product. Particularly, the s and tus, object of the ion, provide a forming station by which trays are in-line formed from a film material. According to some aspects of the invention, the invention can provide an apparatus and process for packaging a product in a controlled atmosphere.

State of the art Packages comprising a tray on the top of which a closing film is attached, are used for packaging foods and a great variety of other articles. The known type containers can be for example made of plastics, metal, or combinations thereof, while the lids typically consist of plastic films attached to the tray by sealing. The c film can be cut after attaching it to the tray, in other words is precut and then attached to the upper flange of the tray.

A type of apparatuses and of associated packaging processes comprises to in-line thermoform the trays. In other words, a base plastic film destined to form the CRY1P74WO 2 trays, is advanced s a forming station, n such base film is thermoformed for ng one or more consecutive trays which, once suitably filled with respective products, are advanced towards a ing station. A further closing film is moved s the packaging station and is attached on the trays. At the packaging station, a vacuum can be provided and/or a controlled atmosphere can be generated inside the tray.

The base films and thermoformed trays can be for example moved by using systems of chains and pliers active on the two longitudinal sides of the tus, as illustrated in patents US 4069645 and US 4033092. The chains-pliers system provides to engage the longitudinal edges of the base film and of the continuous artifact exiting the forming station: the pliers elements require a minimum area of the edge for pulling the forming artifact. The longitudinal edges on which the pliers act are then removed from the completed pack, so that it is required a further processing step, further determining a substantial quantity of scrapped material.

On the contrary, according to what is disclosed in patent US 4726173, pulling the base film in which the trays were thermoformed, is performed by a combined movement of pliers active on the longitudinal edges of the artifact, and a movement system active on the CRY1P74WO 3 g station, cutting station, tray sealing n.

The combined operation of the pliers pulling system and movement system of the ns substantially ensures a continuous and smooth movement of the base film.

However, it is to be noted that the above described apparatus requires also to pinch the longitudinal edges of the film which, therefore, should be removed from the finished product which in turn s the same above described disadvantages. er, the complexity of the mechanisms implies a heavy structure and consequently not negligible manufacturing costs. Lastly, the mechanical complexity and the scarce flexibility of the discussed apparatus, make difficult, or impossible, to adapt the apparatus for forming and therefore conveying trays of ent shapes and size.

Lastly, nt WO2015011076 shows a packaging apparatus wherein a base film is thermoformed for defining adjacent trays, then on or more products are introduced in the trays themselves and lastly a closing film is applied on the trays. By this approach, the forming and packaging stations are stationary, instead suitable advancing means active on the forming films are provided which comprise movable plates grippingly acting on the base film and/or closed trays, always at the areas of the films distinct from the ones wherein the CRY1P74WO 4 trays are present in order to apply a step-by-step movement to the films. However, this solution while being the latest, shows the inconvenience of determining deformations, often uncontrolled, on the films which in turn makes difficult to promote an accurate advancement and, at the same time, causes unacceptable damages on the films themselves. Moreover, the ity of centering the trays in the ing station entails many problems in the automatization of the process and in the flexibility of the apparatus.

Object of the invention ore, it is an object of the invention - to devise a packaging process and tus capable of in-line forming trays used for packaging and capable of ng to efficiently form and move the same by keeping at a minimum the quantity of wasted material; - to provide a packaging apparatus and process enabling to in-line form trays from a base plastic film and enabling to accurately move the base plastic film along the cturing line; - to provide a packaging process and apparatus which are well adapted to any type of packaging process, for example of the vacuum type, or by the generation of a controlled atmosphere; CRY1P74WO 5 - to provide a process and apparatus easily enabling to adapt themselves to the cturing of different size trays; - to provide a process and apparatus configured for adapting themselves to possible deformations of the base c film used for inline forming trays during a packaging process; - to offer a process and apparatus capable of using films having different widths without performing difficult operations for removing the lateral pulling means but by simply changing the g and/or ing stations; - to do away with the pulling means active on the side edges of the films, such as chains and therefore by improving the access to the apparatus and therefore the maintainability of the same and by reducing, optionally ating, the waste of the used plastic material, and/or - to at least provide the public with a useful choice.

SUMMARY In a first aspect, the invention provides an apparatus (1) for packaging a product (P) comprising: - a forming station (2) configured for receiving a base film (3) and forming from it a precursor body (4) CRY1P74WO 6 having a plurality of tray-shaped elements (5) adjacent to each other, wherein the forming station (2) comprises: at least one upper portion (6), and at least one lower portion (7), the upper portion and lower portion being coupled to be movable with respect to each other n an open position of the forming station (2), wherein the upper portion (6) and lower portion (7) are spaced from each other and enable a longitudinal t (3a) of the base film (3) to enter the forming station (2), and a closed position of the forming station (2), wherein the upper portion (6) and lower n (7) are approached to each other for blocking said longitudinal segment (3a) of the base film (3) with respect to the forming station (2) and forming in such longitudinal segment (3a) one or more of said tray-shaped elements (5), - a packaging station (8) configured for ing said precursor body (4) and a closing film (9), the packaging station (8) being configured for fixing the closing film (9) to the precursor body (4) at least at an upper opening (5a) of a predetermined number of said haped elements (5) for forming packages (C) d to each other, the packaging station (8), comprising in turn: CRY1P74WO 7 a lower tool (10) comprising a predetermined number of seats (11) each configured for receiving at least one of said tray-shaped elements (5), an upper tool (12) facing the lower tool (10) and configured for ating with the lower tool (10) for fixing at least a portion of said closing film (9) to one or more tray-shaped elements (5) placed in said seats (11), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are movable with respect to each other between an open condition of the packaging station (8), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are spaced from each other and enable to place one or more haped elements (5) in said seats (11) and to place said closing film (9) portion above one or more respective tray-shaped elements (5), and a closed condition of the packaging n (8), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are approached to each other for blocking the one or more tray-shaped elements (5) in said seats (11) with respect to the packaging station (8) and fixing said closing film portion (9) to such one or more respective haped elements (5) present in said seats(11), - at least one movement device (13) active both on the forming station (2) and the packaging station (8), said CRY1P74WO 8 movement device being configured for moving, along a ermined advancement path (T) of said precursor body (4), both said g station (2) and said packaging station (8), - a control unit (14) active on said forming station (2) and packaging station (8) and also on the nt device (13), and configured for: commanding a movement of the forming station (2) between the respective open position and the respective closed position, commanding a movement of the packaging station (8) between the tive open condition and the respective closed condition, commanding the movement device (13) to perform the following: a displacement of the forming station (2) along said predetermined advancement path (T) at least when the forming station (2) is in said closed position, a displacement of the packaging station (8) along said predetermined advancement path (T) at least when the packaging station (8) is in said closed condition, n the control unit (14) is further configured for coordinating the nt of the forming station (2) between the respective open position and the respective CRY1P74WO 9 closed position, with the movement of the ing station (8) between the respective open condition and the respective closed condition, and with said displacements performed by the movement device (13) for ring – to at least one udinal n of the precursor body (4) – a discontinuous step-by-step movement along said predetermined advancement path (T), and wherein that the apparatus is configured so that, at least to the udinal portion of the precursor body (4), the movement along said predetermined advancement path (T) is exclusively applied by the forming station and packaging station themselves during a respective forward stroke.

In a second aspect, the invention es a packaging process using the apparatus (1) according to the first aspect, said process comprising the following steps: - forming, in the forming station (2), a predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5) at a longitudinal length of a base film (3), by making a uous precursor body provided with tray-shaped elements (5) adjacent to each other, - placing one or more products to be packaged in said tray-shaped elements (5), - fixing in the packaging station (8) a longitudinal length of a closing film (9) to a predetermined number CRY1P74WO 10 of tray-shaped elements (5) of the sor body (4) present in the packaging station (8), - conferring at least to the base film (3) and precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement along a predetermined advancement path (T), wherein the step of conferring to the base film (3) and precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement es move said forming station (2) along the advancement path (T) with a forward stroke from a starting point in order to reach an arrival point, during said step of moving the forming station (2) along the forward , such station remaining in the respective closed position and forming in the base film (3) the predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5), and/or move the packaging station (8) along the advancement path (T) with a forward stroke from a starting point in order to reach an arrival point, during said step of moving the ing station (8) along the d stroke, such station remaining in the respective closed ion and fixing said longitudinal segment of the closing film (9) to the predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5) present in the packaging station (8), CRY1P74WO 11 and wherein the step of conferring to the base film (3) and the precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement r provides to: move said forming station (2) in a return stroke in order to return to the respective starting point, during said step of moving the forming n (2) in the return stroke such n remaining in the respective open position, and/or move the packaging station (8) in a return stroke in order to return to the respective starting point or to a new starting point, during said step of moving the packaging station (8) in the return stroke such station remaining in the respective closed condition.

Embodiments are described in the following.

Described herein is an apparatus (1) for packaging a product (P) comprising: - a forming n (2) configured for receiving a base film (3) and g by it a precursor body (4) having a plurality of tray-shaped elements (5) adjacent to each other, wherein the forming station (2) comprises: o at least one upper portion (6), and o at least one lower portion (7), the upper portion and lower portion being coupled to CRY1P74WO 12 be movable with t to each other between an open position of the forming n (2), n the upper portion (6) and lower portion (7) are spaced from each other and enable a longitudinal segment (3a) of the base film (3) to enter the forming station (2), and a closed position of the forming station (2), wherein the upper portion (6) and lower portion (7) are approached to each other for ng said longitudinal segment (3a) of the base film (3) with reference to the forming station (2) and forming in such longitudinal segment (3a) one or more of said tray-shaped elements (5), - a packaging station (8) configured for receiving said sor body (4) and a closing film (9), the packaging station (8) being configured for fixing the closing film (9) to the precursor body (4) at least at an upper g (5a) of a predetermined number of said tray-shaped elements (5) for forming packages (C) flanked to each other, the packaging station (8), comprising in turn: o a lower tool (10) comprising a predetermined number of seats (11), each configured for receiving at least one of said tray-shaped elements (5), and o an upper tool (12) facing the lower tool (10) and configured for cooperating with the lower tool (10) CRY1P74WO 13 for fixing at least a n of said closing film (9) to one or more tray-shaped elements (5) placed in said seats (11), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are movable with respect to each other between an open condition of the packaging station (8), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are spaced from each other and enable to place one or more trayshaped elements (5) in said seats (11) and to place said portion of the closing film (9) above one or more respective haped elements (5), and a closed condition of the ing station (8), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are approached to each other for blocking the one or more tray-shaped elements (5) present in said seats (11) with respect to the packaging station (8) and fixing said closing film portion (9) to such one or more tive trayshaped elements (5) present in said seats (11).

As described , the apparatus comprises at least one movement device (13) configured for moving, along a predetermined advancement path (T) of said precursor body (4), at least one of said forming (2) and packaging stations (8).

As bed herein, the apparatus comprises a control unit (14) active on said forming (2) and packaging stations (8) and also on the movement device (13), and 4WO 14 configured for: o commanding a movement of the forming station (2) between the tive open position and the tive closed position, o commanding a movement of the packaging station (8) between the respective open condition and the respective closed condition.

As described herein, the control unit is also configured for commanding the movement device (13) to apply a displacement to the forming station (2) along said predetermined advancement path (T) at least when the forming station (2) is in said closed position.

As described herein, the control unit is also ured for commanding the movement device (13) to apply a displacement to the packaging station (8) along said predetermined advancement path (T) at least when the ing station (8) is in said closed condition.

As described herein, the control unit is also configured for coordinating the movement of the forming station (2) between the tive open position and the respective closed position, with the movement of the packaging station (8) between the respective open condition and the respective closed condition, and with said at least one displacement performed by the movement device (13) for conferring to the precursor body (4) or CRY1P74WO 15 to at least one longitudinal portion of the precursor body, a step-by-step discontinuous nt along said predetermined advancement path (T).

As described herein, the movement device (13) is active both on the forming station (2) and the packaging station (8) and is configured for moving along said predetermined advancement path (T) said sor body (4), both said forming (2) and packaging stations (8), and wherein the control unit (14) is configured for: o ding the nt device (13) to apply a displacement of the forming station (2) along said ermined advancement path (T) at least when the forming station (2) is in said closed position, o commanding the movement device (13) to apply a displacement of the packaging station (8) along said predetermined ement path (T) at least when the packaging station (8) is in said closed condition.

As described herein, said movement device (13) active on the forming station (2) is ured for: - moving the forming station (2) from a respective starting position, along a forward stroke along said predetermined advancement path (T), until it reaches a respective arrival position, and - moving the forming station (2) from the respective arrival position, for a return stroke opposite to the CRY1P74WO 16 forward stroke, until it reaches a new starting position.

As described , the control unit (14) is also configured for: o commanding the forming station (2) to be placed in said tive closed position and forming said trayshaped elements (5) during said forward stroke, o commanding the forming station (2) to be placed in said open position during said return stroke.

As described herein, said movement device (13) active on the packaging station (8), is configured for: - moving the packaging station (8) from a respective starting on, along a forward stroke along said predetermined advancement path (T), until it reaches a respective arrival position, and - moving the packaging station (8) from the respective arrival position, for a return stroke te to the forward stroke, until it returns to a new starting position.

As described herein, the control unit (14) is also configured for commanding the packaging n (8) to be placed in said respective closed condition, and fixing said g film (9) portion to one or more respective tray-shaped elements (5) present in said seats (11), during said forward stroke, and commanding CRY1P74WO 17 the packaging station (8) to be placed in said open position during said return stroke.

As described herein, the tus is configured so that the precursor body or at least a longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) is conferred a movement along said predetermined advancement path (T) ively by an action of the g and packaging stations themselves during the respective forward strokes (at which the g and packaging stations grippingly act on the base film and on the precursor body, and move along the predetermined advancement path (T)).

For example, the longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) – to which the movement along said predetermined advancement path (T) is conferred exclusively by the forming station and ing stations themselves during the respective forward strokes – extends between the forming station and packaging station when the forming station and packaging station are going to start the respective forward strokes along said predetermined advancement path (T).

In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus is also configured so that the movement of the base film up to the forming station is exclusively red by the forming n and packaging station themselves during CRY1P74WO 18 the respective d strokes.

As described herein, said movement device (13) comprises: - a first actuator member (15) active on the forming station (2), and configured for reciprocally moving the g station (2) along said forward and return strokes of the forming station (2), and - a second actuator member (16), independent from the first actuator member (15), active on the packaging station (8) and ured for reciprocally moving the packaging station (8) along said forward and return strokes of the packaging station (8).

As described herein, said movement device (13) comprises a slide (17) arranged for supporting the forming station (2) and packaging station (8), a first actuator member (15) active on the slide (17) and configured for reciprocally moving such slide (17) and therefore the forming station (2) and packaging n (8) along a same common forward stroke and a same common return stroke, and a second or member (16), supported by said slide (17) and active on at least one of said forming n (2) and packaging station (8), said second actuator member (16) being configured for changing a relative distance between the stations themselves.

CRY1P74WO 19 As described herein, the control unit (14) is connected to said first and second actuator members (15, 16,) and is configured for applying to the forward stroke of the forming station (2) a first displacement value and for imposing to the forward stroke of the packaging station (8) a second displacement value different from the first displacement value.

As described herein, the first and second displacement values are both preset values.

As described , the first displacement value is preset, while the second displacement value is calculated by the control unit (14) as a function of the first cement value.

As described herein, the first displacement value is preset, while the second displacement value is calculated by the control unit (14) as a function of the first displacement value, and a ation information regarding a longitudinal deformation of the precursor body (4) n the forming station (2) and packaging station (8).

As described herein, the l unit (14) is connected to said first and second or members (15, 16) and is configured for imposing to the return stroke of the forming station 2, a third displacement value, and imposing to the return stroke of the packaging CRY1P74WO 20 station (8), a fourth displacement value equal to or different from the third displacement value.

As described herein, said third and fourth displacement values are both preset values.

As described herein, said third and fourth displacement values are preset and respectively equal to the first and second displacement values.

As described herein, the third displacement value is preset, and preferably equal to the first displacement value, while the fourth displacement value is calculated by the l unit (14) as a function of the first displacement value or third cement value.

As described herein, the third displacement value is preset, and preferably equal to the first displacement value, while the fourth displacement value is calculated by the control unit (14) as a function of the first displacement value or third displacement value, and a deformation information regarding a longitudinal deformation of the precursor body (4) between the g station (2) and ing station (8).

As described herein, the control unit (14) is ured for synchronizing the/a forward stroke of the forming station (2) with the/a forward stroke of the packaging station (8), and for synchronizing the/a return stroke of the forming station (2) with the/a CRY1P74WO 21 return stroke of the ing station (8).

As described herein, the apparatus has a sensor member (18) active in detection on said precursor body (4) and capable of detecting at least one between (or both): - one or more references (19) made on said precursor body (4), - one or more of said tray-shaped elements (5) present in said precursor body (4).

As described herein, said sensor member (18) is configured for emitting and delivering to the control unit (14) an activation signal upon detecting one or more of said references (19) or one or more of said tray-shaped elements (5), respectively.

As described herein, the control unit (14) is connected to the sensor member (18) and is configured for: - receiving said activation signal, - determining from said activation signal, a on of the tray-shaped elements (5) to be closed, - moving the packaging station (8) from the respective arrival on, for a return stroke opposite to the forward , until it returns to the new starting position wherein the packaging station is centered with t to the determined position of the tray-shaped elements (5) to be closed.

CRY1P74WO 22 As described herein, the apparatus comprises at least one stop group (21) configured for acting on said base film (3).

As described herein , the tus comprises at least one stop group (21) configured for acting on the precursor body (4) formed by the forming station (2).

As described herein, the apparatus ses at least one stop group (21) configured for acting on said packages formed by the packaging station (8).

As described herein, each stop group (21) is further configured for being placed between at least one release condition, wherein it enables the precursor body (4) or said packages respectively to move along the advancement path (T), and a gripping condition, wherein the stop group (21) acts on the precursor body (4) or on said packages respectively, for preventing a movement along the advancement path (T).

As bed herein, said control unit (14) is configured for commanding the stop group (21) to be placed and remain in said closed condition when said g station (2) is in said open position and/or when said ing station (8) is in said open condition.

As described herein, said/each stop group (21) comprises: - a first stop group (21a) active on said precursor CRY1P74WO 23 body (4) and operating in an area comprised between said forming station (2) and said packaging station (8), or active on said base film (3) and operating upstream said forming station (2), and - a second stop group (21b) active on said precursor body (4) and operating in an area comprised between said forming n (2) and said packaging n (8), or active on said packages downstream the packaging station (8), said control unit (14) being configured for ding the first and second stop groups (21a, 21b) to be placed substantially simultaneously and to remain both in said gripping condition when said forming station (2) is in said open position and/or when said packaging station (8) is in said open condition.

As described herein, the apparatus comprises a marking member (22) capable of making on the base film (3) or precursor body (4) at least one reference notch, optionally wherein said marking member (22) comprises a punch or knife which is configured for acting on the base film (3) or sor body (4) by making said nce notch.

As described herein, the apparatus comprises a cutting unit (23) configured for ersally and/or longitudinally separating said packages (C) into units 4WO 24 distinct from each other, each comprising one or more tray elements (5), wherein the cutting unit (23) is configured for cuttingly acting on the precursor body and/or the g film applied to it.

As bed herein, the apparatus comprises a piercing unit (40) provided with a piercing tool (41) capable of moving from a rest condition, in which is away from the precursor body and to an operative condition wherein the piercing tool acts on said precursor body by making at least one through opening (42) on a wall, optionally on a lateral wall of a respective tray-shaped element.

As described herein, the first stop group (21a) comprises the piercing unit which, under the ng condition of the stop group (21a), is ured for acting on the precursor body (4) by making said at least one of said through gs.

As described herein, the first stop group (21a) comprises the marking member (22) which, under the gripping condition of the first stop group (21a), is configured for acting on the base film (3) or precursor body (4) by making said reference notch.

As described herein, the second stop group (21b) comprises the cutting unit (23) configured for cuttingly acting on the precursor body (4) and/or closing film (9) CRY1P74WO 25 applied to it, when the second stop group (21b) is in said gripping condition.

As described herein, said forming station (2), said packaging n (8) and said movement group (13) are supported by a fixed frame (24) on which the advancement path (T) of the base film (3) and precursor body (4) is defined.

As described , the apparatus (1) further comprises at least one supplying station (25), optionally comprising a supplying roll of said base film (3), which exhibits a width (L1) having an extension equal to or different for no more than 1 cm with respect to a width (L2) of the processing area (27) of the forming station (2); the above mentioned widths are measured parallelly to each other and normal to the advancement ion (A) of the base film (3) along the predetermined advancement path (T).

As described herein, the packaging station (8) comprises at least one g rod arranged to heat fix the closing film (9) to said one or more tray-shaped elements of the precursor body (4), and wherein the g rod exhibits a maximum width substantially equal to or slightly different - ally from 1 to 5 mm greater or from 1 to 5 mm smaller – from the maximum transversal width of the precursor body (4) and closing CRY1P74WO 26 film (9); the above mentioned widths are all measured parallelly to each other and normal to the advancement ion (A) of the base film (4) along the predetermined advancement path (T).

As described herein, said sensor member (18) is ally supported by the fixed frame (24) of packaging station (8).

As described herein, at least one memory (28) is connected to the control unit (14) and is arranged to store a ity of length values to be imposed to the forward and return strokes of the forming station (2).

As described herein, at least one memory (28) is connected to the control unit (14) and is ed for storing a plurality of length values to be applied to the forward and return strokes of the packaging station (8).

As described herein, the control unit (14) is arranged - receive an information regarding the type of trayshaped elements (5) formable by the forming station (2), - select by said memory (28), based on said information, the value to impose to one, two, three, four, five or all of the following: o the d stroke of the forming station (2), CRY1P74WO 27 o the return stroke of the g station (2), o the forward and return s of the forming station (2), o the forward stroke of the packaging station (8), o the return stroke of the packaging station (8), o the forward and return strokes of the packaging station (8).

As described herein, said ation is received by an input signal from a user interface connected to the control unit (14), or from a sensor active on the forming station (2) and capable of identifying the type of tray-shaped elements (5) formable by the forming station (2), or from a sensor active on the precursor body (4) and capable of identifying the type of the tray-shaped elements (5) formed by the forming station (2).

As described herein, said packaging n (8) is placed at a predetermined distance from the forming station (2), said forward stroke of said forming (2) and/or packaging stations (8) having a length which is a submultiple of said predetermined distance.

As described herein, said ing station (8) is placed at a predetermined distance from the g station (2), said forward stroke of said forming (2) and packaging station (8) having a length which is a CRY1P74WO 28 submultiple of said predetermined distance.

As described herein, said control unit (14) is configured for commanding said first and/or said second actuator members (15, 16) and for varying said predetermined distance as a function of the d stroke to be imposed to said forming (2) and packaging stations (8).

A further ment refers to a packaging process using the apparatus (1) of any one of the preceding embodiments.

As described herein, the process comprising the following steps: - forming, in the forming station (2), a ermined number of tray-shaped elements (5) at a longitudinal length of a base film (3), by making a continuous precursor body (4) provided with tray-shaped elements (5) adjacent to each other, - placing one or more products to be packaged in said tray-shaped elements (5), - fixing, in the packaging n (8), a longitudinal length of a g film (9) to a predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5) of the precursor body (4) t in the packaging station (8), - conferring at least to the base film (3) and precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement along a CRY1P74WO 29 predetermined advancement path (T).

As described herein, the step of conferring to the base film (3) and precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement provides to: - move said forming station (2) along the ement path (T) along a forward stroke from a starting point until it reaches an arrival point, during said step of moving the g station (2) along the forward stroke, such station remaining in the respective closed position and forming in the base film (3) the predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5).

As described herein, the step of conferring to the base film (3) and precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement provides to: - move the packaging station (8) along the advancement path (T) along a forward stroke from a starting point until it reaches an arrival point, during said step of moving the ing station (8) along the forward , such station remaining in the respective closed condition and fixing said udinal segment of the closing film (9) to the pred etermined number of trayshaped elements (5) t in the packaging station (8).

As described herein, the step of conferring to the base film (3) and the precursor body (4) a step-by-step CRY1P74WO 30 movement provides to: - move said forming n (2) along a return stroke until it reaches a tive starting point, during said step of moving the forming station (2) along the return stroke such n remaining in the respective open on.

As described herein, the step of conferring to the base film (3) and the precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement provides to: - move the packaging station (8) along a return stroke until it reaches a respective starting point or a new arrival point, during said step of moving the packaging station (8) along the return stroke, such station remaining in the respective closed condition.

As described herein, the step of conferring to the base film (3) and the precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement further comprises a step of stopping the precursor body (4) and/or the base film (3) obtained by holding the base film (3) and/or precursor body (4) by a stop group (21) active on the base film and/or precursor body during said return strokes of the forming station and packaging station (8).

As described herein, the step of conferring to the base film (3) and the sor body (4) a step-by-step movement further provides a step of stopping the CRY1P74WO 31 precursor body (4) and base film (3) obtained by holding the base film (3) and precursor body (4) by a stop group (21) active on t he base film and precursor body during said return strokes of the g station and packaging n (8).

As bed herein, during the step of forming the tray-shaped elements (5), the forming station (2) is in a closed position, in order to block a longitudinal t of the base film (3) with t to the forming station.

As described herein, during the step of fixing said longitudinal segment of the closing film (9) to the predetermined number of the tray-shaped elements (5), the packaging station (8) is in a closed condition in order to block a segment of the precursor body (4) and closing film (9) with respect to the packaging station (8).

As described herein, the precursor body (4) or at least one longitudinal portion of the same is moved along the advancement path (T) exclusively by the movement applied to it by the forming station (2) and packaging station (8).

The longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) is moved along said predetermined advancement path (T) exclusively by the forming station and packaging station 4WO 32 during respective forward strokes of the stations themselves. The longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) – to which the movement along said predetermine advancement path (T) is exclusively applied by the forming and packaging stations themselves during the respective forward strokes – extends at least between the forming station and ing station when the forming station and packaging station are going to start the respective forward strokes along said predetermined ement path (T).

In a further variant, the movement of the base film up to the forming n is applied exclusively by the forming station and packaging station themselves during the respective forward strokes.

As described , the packaging apparatus and process do not provide the use of advancement means – except for the forming n and packaging station – which are active on the longitudinal edges of the precursor body.

As described herein, the forming n defines a closing perimeter of an area wherein said base film (3) is processed, and wherein the base film (3) is supplied to the forming station (2) by a supplying station (25) and exhibits a width such it does not project for no more than 10 mm from the g perimeter of the CRY1P74WO 33 forming station (2).

As described herein, wherein said g film (9), for example from a respective film supplying roll, exhibits a width which does not differ for no more than mm from a width of the same precursor body (4).

As described herein, it is provided to ine the forward stroke to be applied to said forming station (2) and/or said packaging station (8) based on the type of tray-shaped elements (5) to be formed.

As bed herein, it is provided to determine the forward stroke to be applied to said forming n (2) and said ing station (8) based on the type of tray-shaped elements (5) to be formed.

As described herein, it is provided a step of adjusting the distance between the g n (2) and packaging station (8) as a multiple of said forward stroke of said forming station (2).

As described herein, it is provided a step of adjusting the distance between the forming station (2) and packaging station (8) as a multiple of said forward stroke of the packaging station (8).

As described herein, the process provides, during the forward stroke thereof (besides sealing the closing film to the tray), that the packaging station provides to form a vacuum (or a low pressure condition having a CRY1P74WO 34 predetermined level) inside the packaging chamber so that the closing film is attached to the sor body and, particularly, to each respective tray-shaped element by sealing the flange of each tray and by closely conforming to the outline of the product and possibly to the tray inner part not occupied by a product.

As described herein, the process provides that the ing station, during the forward stroke (besides sealing the closing film to the tray) forms a controlled atmosphere inside the packaging chamber and therefore inside each tray.

As described herein, the piercing unit (40) operates in the packaging n and is controlled by the control unit in order to pierce the lateral wall of the tray or trays during the forward .

As described herein, the piercing tool of the unit (40) is tubular and connected to the vacuum group and/or controlled atmosphere forming group and is used – always under the l exerted by the control unit – for ning air (by defining a vacuum in the packaging chamber) or for blowing air under lled atmosphere.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Some embodiments and some aspects of the invention will be described in the following with reference to the CRY1P74WO 35 attached drawings given only in an indicative and therefore non ng way, wherein: - Figure 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention; - Figure 1A is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention; - s from 2 to 7 are schematic views of the apparatus in Figure 1 according to the present invention, arranged in different operative conditions; - Figures 8 and 9 are detailed perspective views of the tus according to the present invention; - Figure 10 is a top view of a portion of the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein a forming station is visible; - Figure 11 is a schematic cross-section view of the forming n; - Figure 12 is a top view of a portion of the apparatus according to the present invention wherein a packaging station is visible; - Figure 13 is a schematic section view of the packaging station.

MATERIALS AND DEFINITIONS The figures could illustrate the object of the invention by not-to-scale views; ore, parts and components illustrated in the s regarding the CRY1P74WO 36 object of the invention could refer only to schematic views.

In the following description and , the terms upstream and downstream refer to an advancement direction of the base film and precursor body formed by such base film along an advancement path ing from a base film supplying station, through the forming station, to the ing station and therefore to the station discharging the packaged trays.

With Tray it is intended both rigid and semi-rigid trays, obtainable by forming, for e thermoforming.

The trays can comprise a support, for example substantially flat, or a structure comprising a base, a lateral wall perimetrally emerging from said base, and a flange radially emerging from the top of the l wall.

It is observed that when the envelope or envelopes comprise a tray, the trays are made of mono-layer and multi-layer thermoplastic materials. Prefe rably, the tray is provided with a gas barrier property. Such term, as herein used, refers to a film or sheet of a material having an oxygen transmission rate less than 200 cm3/m2- day-bar, less than 150 cm3/m2-day-bar, less than 100 -day-bar when measured according to the standard ASTM D-3985 at 23°C and 0% of relative humidity.

CRY1P74WO 37 Instead, the term “product” means an article or a compound of articles of any type. For example, the product can be a food type product and can be at a solid, liquid or gel state, in other words as two or more of the preferred aggregation states. a) Materials adapted for the tray Materials adapted for gas barrier mono-layer thermoplastic containers are for example polyesters, ides and the like. ably, the tray is made of a multi-layer material sing at least one gas barrier layer and at least one heat sealable layer for enabling to seal the covering film to the tray surface.

The gas barrier polymers which can be used for the gas barrier layer are PVDC, EVOH, polyamides, polyesters, and mixtures f. PVDC is any vinylidene chloride copolymer wherein any main amount of the copolymer comprises vinylidene chloride and a minor amount of the copolymer comprises one or more unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with it, typically vinyl chloride and alkyl acrylates or methacrylates (for example methylacrilate or methacrylate) and mixtures thereof with different tions. lly, a barrier layer made of PVDC will contain plasticizers and/or stabilizers as it is known in the art.

CRY1P74WO 38 The term EVOH, as herein used, includes saponified or hydrolyzed ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers and refers to ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers having a contents of co-monomers preferably consisting of a percentage between about 28 and about 48% mole, preferably between about 32 and about 44% mole of ethylene, and still more preferably, and a saponification value of at least 85%, preferably at least 90%.

The term polyamides means omo- and co- or terpolymers.

This term particularly comprises polyamides or aliphatic co-polyamides, for example ide 6, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polyamide 66, polyamide 69, polyamide 610, polyamide 612, yamide 6/9, copolyamide 6/10, co-polyamide 6/12, co-polyamide 6/66, co-polyamide 6/69, aromatic and partially aromatic polyamides or co-polyamides, such as polyamide 61, polyamide 6I/6T, polyamide MXD6, polyamide XDI, and mixtures thereof.

The term ters refers to polymers obtained by a poly-condensation reaction of dicarboxylic acids with dihydroxylic alcohols. Suitable dicarboxylic acids are, for example, terephtalic acid, isophtalic acid, oxylic 2,6-naphtelene acid and the like. le dihydroxylic alcohols are for example ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediole, 1,4- CRY1P74WO 39 cyclohexanedimethanole and the like. Examples of useful polyesters comprise poly(ethylene terephthalate) and copolyesters obtained by the reaction of one or more ylic acids with one or more dihydroxylic alcohols.

The thickness of the gas barrier layer is set in order to provide the tray with an oxygen transmission rate at 23°C and 0% of relative humidity, less than 50, preferably less than 10 cm3/m2.day.atm when measured according to the rd ASTM D-3985.

Generally, the heat sealable layer will be selected among polyolefins, such as ethylene omo- or co-polymers, propylene omo- or co-polymers, ethylene/vinylacetate copolymers , ionomers, and omo- or co-polyesters, for example PETG, a glycol modified polyethylene terephthalate. The term co-polymer, as herein used, indicates a polymer ed by two or more kinds of rs and includes terpolymers. The ethylene omopolymers include high density hylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE). Ethylene co-polymers comprise ethylene/alpha-olefins copolymers and unsaturated ethylene/ester copolymers. The ne/alpha-olefin copolymers generally comprise ethylene mers and one or more co-monomers selected among alpha-olefins having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4- CRY1P74WO 40 methylpentene and the like.

The olefin/ethylene copolymers generally have a density in the range between about 0.86 and about 0.94 g/cm3. Generally, the term “linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)” comprises a group of ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers falling in the y range between about 0.915 and about 0.94 g/cm3, and particularly between about 0.915 and about 0.925 g/cm3. mes, the linear polyethylene in the density range between about 0.926 and about 0.94 g/cm3 is known as linear medium density polyethylene (LMDPE). The ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers of lower density are known as very low y polyethylene (VLDPE) and ultra-low density polyethylene (ULDPE). The ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers can be ed by heterogeneous or homogeneous polymerization processes.

Another useful ethylene copolymer is an unsaturated ethylene/ester copolymer, which is ethylene copolymer and one or more unsaturated ester monomers. Useful unsaturated esters comprise vinyl esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids, wherein the esters have from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, such as vinyl acetate, and alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, n the esters have from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.

The ionomers are copolymers of an ethylene and an CRY1P74WO 41 unsaturated mono-carboxylic acid, the ylic acid being neutralized by a metal ion, such as zinc or, preferably, sodium.

Useful propylene copolymers comprise propylene/ethylene copolymers which are propylene and ethylene copolymers, the majority of the weight percentage contents thereof being propylene and propylene/ethylene/butane terpolymers, which are ene, ethylene and 1-butene copolymers. onal layers, such as adhesive layers for better adhering the gas r layer to the nt layers, can be t in the gas barrier material for the tray, and are preferably present based particularly on specific resins used for the gas barrier layer.

For a multilayer structure, a portion of it can be formed as a foam. For example, the multi-layer used for forming the tray can comprise (from the outer layer to the inner layer in contact with food) one or more structural layers, typically of a material as foamed polystyrene, foamed polyester or foamed polypropylene or a cast sheet for example of polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), polyester or paperboard; a gas barrier layer and a heat sealable layer. An easilyopenable frangible layer can be placed adjacent the heat sealable layer for making easier to open the final CRY1P74WO 42 package. Mixtures of low cohesive resistance polymers which can be used as a frangible layer are for example described in document 4398. The total thickness of the tray will be typically, but non in a limiting way, up to 5.00 mm, preferably will be comprised between 0.04 and 3.00 mm, and more preferably between 0.05 and 1.50 mm, still more preferably between 0.15 and 1.00 mm). b) Films useable for making a vacuum envelope or package To the trays a film is applied in order to make a package fluid-tightly housing the product. For making a vacuum package, the film applied to the tray is typically a flexible multi-layer material comprising at least one first outer heat sealable layer capable to be sealed to the inner surface of the tray, ally a gas barrier layer and a second heat ant outer layer. The polymers used in said layer material should be easily formable since the film must be tight and softened by the contact with the heating plate before being placed on the product and tray. The film must also be placed on the product by ing the shape thereof and the inner shape of the tray.

The heat sealable outer layer can comprise any polymer capable to be sealed to the inner surface of the tray.

CRY1P74WO 43 Polymers suitable for the heat sealable layer can be ne omo- and ymers, such as LDPE, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers, ethylene copolymers/acrylic acid, ethylene copolymers/methacrylic acids or ethylene copolymers/vinyl acetate, ionomers, and co-polyesters, for example PETG. The preferred materials to be used as heat sealable layer are LDPE, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers, for example LLDPE, rs, ethylene copolymers/vinyl acetate and es thereof.

Based on the product to be packaged, the film can comprise a gas barrier layer. The gas barrier layer typically comprises oxygen barrier resins such as PVDC, EVOH, polyamides and mixtures of EVOH and polyamides.

Typically, the thickness of the gas barrier layer is set in order to provide the film with an oxygen transmission rate at 23 °C and 0% relative humidity less than 10 cm3/m2.day.atm, preferably less than 5 cm3/m2.day.atm when measured according to the standard ASTM D-3985.

Common polymers for the heat resistant outer layer are for example ethylene omo- or co-polymers, ne/cyclic olefin mers, such as ethylene/norbomene copolymers, propylene omo- or copolymers , ionomers, polyesters, polyamides. Moreover, the film can comprise other layers such as adhesive 4WO 44 layers, filling layers and the like for providing a thickness necessary to the film and for improving the mechanical properties thereof, such as the puncture resistance, abuse resistance, formability and the like.

The film is obtained by any adapted co-extrusion process, by means of a flat or circular port extrusion head, preferably by co-extrusion or by heat-blowing.

By using a packaging s called “skin-pack” or “VSP”, called also vacuum process, the film is substantially non-oriented. Typically, the film or only one or more of the layers thereof is cross-linked for improving, for example, the film strength and/or heat resistance when the film is brought in t with the heating plate during the vacuum skin-pack packaging process. The cross-linking can be obtained by using chemical ves or subjecting the film layers to an energy radiation ent, such as a high energy electronic beam treatment, for promoting the crosslinking among the molecules of the irradiated material.

Films adapted for this application have a thickness in the range from 50 to 200 micrometers, between 70 and 150 micrometers. Films suitable for being used as a film in a vacuum skin-pack packaging process are for example the films sold by Cryovac® under the trademarks , TH300®, 250, VSTTM0280.

CRY1P74WO 45 c) Films useable for making an envelope or package wherein the film is d as a lid of a tray (tray lidding) inside which a controlled atmosphere or air can prevail In other ations, the film applied to the tray makes a package wherein the film substantially acts as a lid with respect to the tray top opening inside which a normal or modified atmosphere can prevail.

When the film is in fact used for forming a lid on a tray, the film material can be obtained by co-extrusion or lamination processes. The films for forming lids can have an asymmetrical or symmetrical structure and can be mono-layer or multilayer.

The multilayer films have at least 2, more frequently at least 5, more frequently at least 7 layers.

The overall thickness of the film can often vary from 3 to 100 micron, particularly from 5 to 50 micron, still more often from 10 to 30 micron.

Optionally, the films can be cross-linked. The crosslinking can be obtained by irradiating high energy electrons at a dosing level as it is known in the art.

The above described lid films can be of thermoshrinkable resins or non thermoshrinkable resins. The shrinkable films lly have a free thermo- CRY1P74WO 46 shrink value at 120°C measured according to the standard ASTM D2732 in the range from 2 to 80%, more often from 5 to 60%, still more often from 10 to 40% both in the longitudinal and transversal directions.

The non thermoshrinkable resin films usually have free thermoshrink values at 120°C measured according to the standard ASTM D2732 less, both in the longitudinal and transversal ions, than the above given values of the thermoshrinkable films.

The lid films usually comprise at least one heat sealable layer and a skin outer layer, which generally consists of heat resistant polymers or polyolefins. lly, the sealable layers comprise a heat sealable polyolefin in turn comprising a single polyolefin or a mixture of two or more polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene or a e of such polyolefins. The sealable layer can be further provided with ing ties by incorporating one or more defogging agents in the composition thereof or by covering or spraying one or more defogging additives on the surface of the sealable layer by means known in the art. The sealable layer can r comprise one or more plasticizers. The outer skin layer can comprise polyesters, polyamides or polyolefins. In some structures, a mixture of polyamides and polyesters can CRY1P74WO 47 be advantageously used for making the outer skin layer.

In some cases, the lid films comprise a r layer.

The barrier property films have typically an OTR (evaluated at 23°C and 0% of relative humidity according to the standard ASTM D-3985) less than 100 cm3/(m2·day·atm) and more often less than 80 cm3/(m2·day·atm). Generally, the r layer consists of a thermoplastic resin selected among a hydrolyzed or saponified product of vinyl ethylene-acetate copolymers (EVOH), an amorphous polyamide and a vinyl-vinylidene chloride and es thereof. Some materials comprise a barrier layer EVOH, between two polyamide . The outer skin layer typically comprises polyesters, polyamides or polyolefins.

In some packaging applications, the lid films do not comprise any r layer. Such films usually comprise one or more polyolefins which are herein defined. Nonbarrier films have typically an OTR (evaluated at 23°C and 0% of relative humidity (RH) according to the standard ASTM D-3985) from 100 cm3/(m2·day·atm) to 10,000 cm3/(m2·day·atm), mote typically to 6,000 2·day·atm).

The lid films can be mono-layer. The standard composition of ayer films comprises polyesters as herein defined and the mixtures thereof of polyolefins CRY1P74WO 48 are herein defined and mixtures thereof.

In all the film layers herein described, the polymeric components can contain suitable amounts of additives.

Some of these additives are preferably included in the outer layers or in one of the outer layers, while other additives are preferably added only to the inner layers.

These additives comprise anti-slip agents and ocking agents (such as talc, waxes, silica, and the like), antioxidants, stabilizing agents, plasticizers, fillers, pigments, and dyes, linking tors, cross-linking enhancers, ultraviolet absorbers, odor absorbers, oxygen scavengers, bactericides, antistatic agent, or defogging compositions, and other possible additives known to the s skilled in the film packaging technology.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Apparatus for packaging a product Reference 1 generally indicates an apparatus for packaging a product P. As it is for e visible in Figures from 1 to 7, the apparatus 1 comprises a fixed frame 24 ured for ng to abut on the ground the apparatus 1 and for engaging different components of the same, which will be better described in the following. De facto, the fixed frame 24 stably supports CRY1P74WO 49 all the ents of the apparatus 1 and enables to define a predetermined advancement path T of the ts P.

As it is visible in Figures from 1 to 7, the apparatus 1 comprises at least one supplying n 25 of at least one base film 3; the film 3 exhibits a sheet structure having a first and second prevalent development surfaces defining a length and width of the film and delimiting the ess of the same.

The ed figures illustrate a non limiting embodiment of the invention wherein the supplying station 25 comprises a roll 25a of a base film 3; the roll 25a is configured for longitudinal unwinding the base film 3 along an advancement direction A and along the predetermined path T (Figure 10).

As it is visible in the attached figures, the apparatus 1 comprises a forming station 2 supported by the fixed frame 24 and placed downstream the supplying station 25 with respect to the ement direction A; specifically, the forming station 2 is placed immediately downstream the supplying station 25: the film exiting the station 25 directly enters the forming station 2. The forming station 2 is configured for receiving the base film 3 from the ing station 25 and forming by it a precursor body 4 having one or more CRY1P74WO 50 tray-shaped elements 5 adjacent to each other. The attached figures illustrate, in a non limiting way, an embodiment of the station 2 configured for ng, at each g cycle, a plurality of shaped elements 5 (a number of elements comprised n 2 and 8, for example). r, it is not excluded the possibility of using a forming station 2 configured for ng, at each forming cycle, a single tray element 5, for generating in this way a precursor body 4 with shaped elements 5 aligned on a single line. In the same way, it is possible to provide a forming station e of forming a number of shaped elements greater than 8 at each g cycle. The forming station 2 is substantially formed by at least one upper station 6 and at least one lower station 7 coupled to and relatively movable from each other between an open position (Figures 5 and 6) and a closed position (Figures from 1 to 4 and 7). In the open position, the upper portion 6 and lower portion 7 are spaced from each other and enable a longitudinal segment 3a of the base film 3 to enter the forming station 2; in the closed position of the forming station 2, the apparatus 6 and lower portion 7 are approached to each other for blocking the longitudinal segment 3a of the base film 3 with respect to the forming station 2 and for forming in such CRY1P74WO 51 longitudinal segment 3a, one or more of said tray-shaped elements 5.

The forming station 2 can, for example, comprise a vacuum g mould wherein the lower portion 7 ses one or more recesses 32 having the shape of elements 5. The upper portion 6 of forming station 2 is configured for cooperating with the lower portion 7 for defining a tightly closed mould; in this case, the shape of elements 5 is only defined on the lower portion 7. ing again to the case wherein the forming station operates for vacuum forming, the lower portion 7 comprises one or more channels configured for having a fluid ication between the forming recesses 32 and one or more vacuum pumps 31: actuating the pump 31 enables to adhere the base film 3 to the es 32 and therefore to form said precursor body with one or more shaped elements 5. Using the same mould configuration (the lower n 7 supports one or more recesses 32 while the upper portion 6 defines only a closing element), it is possible to provide the upper portion 6 with a thrusting pump enabling to adhere the base film 3 to the shape of the lower portion 7 (this arrangement is not illustrated in the attached figures).

In a further embodiment of the forming station 2 illustrated in Figure 11, the same can comprise a die- CRY1P74WO 52 punch mould; in this case, the die is provided with one or more cavities 32 adapted to receive an outer surface of the precursor body, while the punch exhibits one or more projections countershaped to the recesses 32 of the die, adapted to thrust and deform the base film 3 inside the die in order to shape the precursor body 4 with one or more tray-shaped elements 5 (the number of the shaped elements depends on the number of recesses and projections of the .

As a further alternative, the forming station 2 can combine the kinds of the above described mould; ularly, the forming station 2 can comprise a diepunch mould comprising also a pump for forming the vacuum and/or a thrusting pump.

As it is visible for example in Figures from 1 to 7, the forming station 2 comprises an actuating system 33 configured for arranging the lower and upper portions in the open and closed positions. In a non ng way, the ing system 33 can comprise an actuator, for e a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, configured for engaging both the portions 6, 7 and moving them for ching and distancing them from each other for defining the closed position and open position, respectively. The attached figures illustrate, in a non limiting way, an arrangement wherein the actuating CRY1P74WO 53 system 33 comprises two ndent actuators acting respectively on the lower portion 7 and upper portion 6; in such arrangement, the independent actuators are engaged, from one side, to the frame 24, while, from the other side, are engaged to the respective portion 6, 7.

Each n 6, 7 is therefore movable with respect to the fixed frame 24 in order to help the longitudinal segment 3a of the base film 3 enter the forming station As it is visible in Figures 10 and 11, for example, the base film 3 exhibits a maximum width L1 equal or almost equal to a width L2 of the forming station 2: both said widths being measured parallelly to each other and normal to an advancement direction A of the base film along the predetermined advancement path T.

Specifically, the forming n 2 comprises a closing perimeter 26 delimiting a processing area 27 of the base film 3, inside which this latter is formed for exhibiting said tray-shaped ts 5: the processing area defines the area of the forming station in contact with the film and adapted to form the lateral wall, the bottom and flange of each tray element. By the invention, and particularly by the pulling action applied by the forming n, the sing area 27 exhibits – according to an optional embodiment – a width CRY1P74WO 54 L2 equal to or slightly different r or smaller) from the one (in other words L1) of the base film. In other words, the closing perimeter 26 delimiting the processing area exhibits a maximum transversal width L2, measured normal to the advancement direction A of the base film 3 along the predetermined advancement path T, substantially equal to the width L1 of the base film (the difference between L1 and L2 can be from 0 mm to 1 cm, for example); in the example illustrated in Figure , the width L2 is even slightly greater than the maximum width L1 of said base film 3, in other words the m width L1 of the base film 3 is not greater than the maximum width of the sing area 27 of the forming station 2. The above cited widths are all measured parallelly to each other and normal to the advancement direction A of the base film 3 along the predetermined advancement path T. Due to what has been described, it is possible to minimize the material necessary for forming the sor body.

As it is again visible in Figures from 1 to 7, the apparatus 1 comprises a station supplying the products P, preferably engaged with (supported by) the fixed frame 24, placed downstream the forming station 2 with respect to the advancement direction A of the base film.

De facto, the ing station 30 is configured for 4WO 55 inserting into the tray-shaped elements 5 one or more products P. Alternatively, the products can be manually loaded t any supplying ns.

The apparatus 1, downstream the supplying station 30 with respect to the advancement direction A of the base film 3, comprises a packaging station 8 configured for ing the precursor body 4 and a closing film 9, for example from a source, such as a roll of said closing film 9; particularly, the supplying station 30 is interposed between the forming station 2 and packaging station 8 which, therefore, are placed at a predetermined minimum distance from each other along the advancement direction A of the precursor body 4; such distance is also dependent on and a multiple of the longitudinal extension, ed along the ement direction A, of the processing area 27 of the forming station 2, in other words the distance longitudinally measured between a tray element and the following one (still referring to the advancement direction A).

The packaging n 8 is configured for fixing the closing film 9 to the precursor body 4 at least at an upper opening 5a of a predetermined number of trayshaped elements 5 in order to form packages C approached to each other. De facto, the packaging station 8 is mainly dedicated to stably attach the film 9 (both as a CRY1P74WO 56 continuous film or single sheets ted from each other) to the precursor body 4 and particularly to the tray-shaped element 5. To this end, the packaging station 8 provides a lower tool 10 defining a predetermined number of seats 11 each destined to receive at least one tray-shaped element 5. The packaging station 8 provides also an upper tool 11 facing the lower tool 10 and configured for cooperating with this latter in order to define a packaging chamber.

The lower tool 12 ably ses a welding structure arranged to act on a band of the film 9 overlapping the flange of the respective element 5. The welding structure, for example comprising one or more welding bars 36, es perimetrally to an insert 37 (see Figure 13, for example) and is actuated and moved with respect to the lower tool 10 so that, when the packaging station 8 is in a closed ion, the heating surface of the welding structure acts on the film portion 9 overlapping an upper flange of the trayshaped element 5 for thermosealing the film 9 to the flange. Optionally, the insert 37 of insulating material and/or at a suitably controlled temperature, exhibits a respective lower surface ured during the use to be placed above the film 9 and possibly contacting the film 9 itself when there is the requirement of applying to CRY1P74WO 57 this latter (or better to a portion of this latter radially inside with respect to the surface of the g structure) a determined heat level. As the case requires, the insert 37 can also operate as a body retaining the film 9 (in case the film is provided to the packaging station as single precut films, for example) and in this case, is provided with gripping means comprising, for example, a plurality of holes present on the lower surface of the insert and connected to a suctioning system for example managed by a control unit 14 which will be better bed in the following.

In any case, by the ation of the lower tool 10 and upper tool 12, the portion of the film 9 is held just on the respective element 5 for therefore enabling to heat-couple each film sheet or film portion to the flange of the tray-shaped elements 5.

Moreover, as per se known, the packaging station 8 can be connected to a suctioning group 34 atically illustrated in Figure from 1 to 7) capable of generating an at least partial vacuum condition in the packaging r and/or to a controlled atmosphere generating group (not illustrated in the attached s), capable of injecting into the packaging chamber a gas or a mixture of gas having a controlled composition and different from the atmosphere.

CRY1P74WO 58 Still more particularly, the upper tool 12 and lower tool 10 are relatively movable with respect to each other n and open ion and a closed condition.

In the open condition of the packaging station 8, the upper tool 12 and lower tool 10 are spaced from each other and enable to position one or more tray-shaped elements 5 in the seats 11 and position said portion of the closing film 9 above one or more respective trayshaped elements 5 (this condition is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6). In the closed condition of the packaging station, the upper tool 12 and lower tool 10 are approached to each other for ng or stably positioning the one or more tray-shaped elements 5 present in said seats 11 with respect to the packaging station 8 and for fixing the closing film 9 to such one or more respective tray-shaped elements 5 t in said seats 11.

As it is for example visible in Figures from 1 to 7, the packaging station 8 comprises also a respective ing system 35 ured for placing the lower 10 and upper tools 12 in the open and closed conditions. In a non limiting way, the actuating system 35 can comprise an actuator, for example a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, configured for engaging both the tools and moving them by approaching and distancing them from each CRY1P74WO 59 other in order to respectively define the closed and open ions. The ed figures illustrate, in a non limiting way, an arrangement wherein the actuating system 35 comprises two independent actuators respectively acting on the lower tool 10 and upper tool 12; in such arrangement, the independent actuators are engaged, from one side, to the frame 24 and, from the other side, act on the respective tool 10, 12.

Therefore, each tool is movable with respect to the fixed frame 24 in order to help the precursor body 4 and g film 9 enter the packaging station 8.

As it is visible in Figures 12 and 13 for example, the precursor body 4 exhibits a maximum width L3 equal to or not very different (for example greater than) from a maximum width of the packaging station 8: both said widths are measured parallelly to each other and normal to an advancement direction A of the base film 3 and therefore of the sor body 4 along the predetermined advancement path T. Specifically, the welding rods 36 of the packaging station 8 exhibit a m width substantially equal to or slightly different (for e 1-5 mm greater or 1-5 mm smaller) from the maximum transversal width of the precursor body 4 and closing film 9. Advantageously, the closing film 9 exhibits a maximum transversal width L4 substantially CRY1P74WO 60 equal to or slightly different (for e 1-5 mm greater or 1-5 lower) from the maximum transversal width of the precursor body 4. Figure 13 shows a non limiting example wherein the maximum transversal width of the closing film 9 is equal to the maximum transversal width of the welding rods 36 of the packaging station 8. The above cited widths are all measured parallelly to each other and normal to the advancement direction A of the base film 3 – therefore the ement direction of the precursors body 4 – along the predetermined advancement path T.

As hereinbefore briefly stated, the apparatus 1 can comprise a control unit 14; such unit 14 is advantageously ted to the actuating s 33 and of the g 2 and packaging stations for managing respectively the open/closed positions and the open/closed conditions. Specifically, the control unit 14 is connected to the ors of the actuating systems 33, 35 for ding to open and close the stations 2 and 8. Advantageously, the control unit 14 is configured for synchronizing the actuating systems so that the open position of the forming station 2 is defined simultaneously or substantially simultaneously with the open condition of the packaging station, while the closing position of the forming station is defined CRY1P74WO 61 simultaneously with the closed ion of the packaging station. More particularly, the apparatus 1 according to the invention uses at least one control unit 14 which can comprise a respective digital processor (CPU) with the memory (or memories) 28, an analog-type circuit, or a combination of one or more digital processing units with one or more analog-type circuits. The description and claims disclose that the control unit 14 can be “configured” or “programmed” for performing some steps: these can be executed substantially with any means enabling to configure or program the control unit 14. For e, in case of a control unit 14 comprising one or more CPUs and one or more memories, one or more ms can be stored in le memory banks 28 connected to the CPU or CPUs; the program or programs contain instructions which, when executed by the CUP or CPUs, program or configure the control unit 14 for executing the described operations (see the above detailed description and summary or the ed claims) with reference to the l unit 14.

Alternatively, if the control unit 14 is or comprises an analog-type circuitry, then the control unit 14 circuit can be designed for ing a circuitry configured, during the use, for processing electric signals in order to perform the steps regarding the above described CRY1P74WO 62 control unit 14 or claimed in the following.

As it is visible in the attached figures, the apparatus 1 can comprise at least one stop group 21 configured for acting on at least one selected in the group of: the base film 3, the precursor body 4 formed by the forming station 2, the packages C formed by the packaging station 8. The stop group 21 is ured for being displaced between at least one released condition, wherein it enables to move respectively the precursor body 4 or said packages C along the advancement path T, and a gripping ion, wherein the stop group 21 respectively acts on the precursor body 4 or on said packages C, for preventing a movement along the advancement path T.

From the structural point of view, the stop group 21 can comprise a kind of opening-closing vice having substantially a lower portion and upper portion movable between the e condition and the gripping one. The lower portion is ured for acting on at least one lower portion of the following elements: the base film 3, precursor body 4, packages C. On the contrary, the upper portion is configured for acting on at least one upper portion of the following elements: base film 3, precursor body 4, es C.

As it is e in Figures from 1 to 7, for example, CRY1P74WO 63 the stop group 21 comprises also a respective actuating system configured for placing the lower and upper portions in the release and ng conditions. In a non limiting way, the actuating system of the stop group 21 can comprise an actuator, for example a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, configured for engaging both the ns and moving them by approaching and distancing them from each other for respectively defining the release and gripping conditions. The ed figures illustrate, in a non limiting way, an arrangement wherein the actuating system of the stop group 21 comprises two ndent actuators respectively acting on the lower and upper portions. More particularly, each portion is movable with respect to the fixed frame 24; in such ement, each independent actuator is engaged, from one side, to the frame 24 and, from the other side, to the respective lower and upper portions.

Advantageously, also the conditions of the stop group 21 can be controlled by a control unit (see Figures from 1 to 7); de facto, the control unit 14 is configured for commanding the stop group 21 to move and remain in said gripping condition when the forming n 2 is in the open position and/or when the packaging station 8 is in the open condition. Particularly, the control unit 14 is ted to the actuators of the actuating system of CRY1P74WO 64 the group 21 for commanding to open and close the same.

Advantageously, the control unit 14 is ured for synchronizing the actuating systems of the stations 2 and 8 with the actuating systems of the stop group 21.

Specifically, the control unit 14 is active on the actuators of the respective systems so that the position and, respectively, the open condition of the stations 2 and 8 are defined during the gripping ion of the stop group 21 while the position and, respectively, the closed condition of the stations 2 and 8 are defined during the release condition of the stop group 21. De facto, the control unit 14 enables to grippingly arrange the stop group 21 when the precursor body is ntially free from the stations 2 and 8 so that the same base film precursor body and/or packages can be closed and stabilized in a ermined and fixed longitudinal position for a ined time interval substantially equal to the time required to the forming and packaging stations 2 and 8 for performing the return stroke thereof during which such stations remain in an open position and, respectively, in an open condition or any case not in a closed position/condition for preventing a mechanical interference with the precursor body or base film during the return stroke.

The attached figures illustrate an arrangement wherein CRY1P74WO 65 a plurality of stop groups 21 are present in a non limiting way. Specifically, the illustrated apparatus 1 can comprise a first stop group 21a active on said precursor body 4 and operating in an area comprised between said forming station 2 and said packaging station 8 (illustrated condition), or active on said base film 3 and operating upstream the forming n 2. Moreover, the apparatus 1 can comprise a second stop group 21b active on said precursor body 4 and operating in an area comprised between said forming station 2 and said packaging station 8, or active on said packages C downstream the packaging n 8. The control unit 14 is configured for commanding the first and second stop groups 21a, 21b to move substantially simultaneously and remain both in said gripping condition when said forming n 2 is in said open position and/or when said packaging n 8 is in said open ion (for releasing the precursor body and packages and returning to the starting on, respectively).

The attached figures illustrate a further arrangement of the apparatus 1 wherein three stop groups 21 are substantially present: a first group 21a ately downstream the forming station along the advancement direction A, and a second stop group immediately downstream the packaging station 8 along the advancement CRY1P74WO 66 direction A. In the illustrated arrangement, it is further present a third stop group 21c interposed n the first group 21a and packaging station 8, particularly the third stop group 21c is interposed between the supplying station 30 and packaging station The apparatus 1 can also comprise a piercing unit 40 (see Figure 8) provided with a piercing tool 41 capable of being moved from a rest condition, n is away from the precursor body, and an operative condition wherein the piercing tool acts on said precursor body by making at least one through opening 42 (a hole or notch for example) on said lateral wall of a respective preshaped element. The through opening – preferably formed by ng and forming one or more reclosable flaps – enables – once the precursor body has reached the packaging station – to t and introduce efficiently a gas from and towards the or of each tray-shaped element. For example, plural piercing tools ured for performing an array of through openings on each haped element can be provided. The piercing unit 40 can act and be housed at the packaging station, as illustrated for example in the PCT patent application WO2014060507; in this case, the piercing unit can comprise a tubular tool 41 and therefore can be CRY1P74WO 67 connected to the at least partial vacuum forming group in the packaging r and/or to the controlled atmosphere forming group (not illustrated in the attached figures) capable of injecting, in the packaging chamber, a gas or a mixture of gas having a controlled composition and different from the here. atively, the piercing unit 40 can be placed upstream the packaging station, as it is also illustrated in Figure 8, and form a distinct unit or can be integrated in one of the herein described stop groups by piercingly acting when the stop group is grippingly placed on the precursor body.

As it is visible in the attached s, the apparatus 1 can further comprise a marking member 22 also stably supported by the fixed frame 24 and capable of making on the base film 3 or precursor body 4, during an operative condition of the same member 22, at least one reference, particularly a reference notch. The marking member 22 is placed upstream the packaging n 8 with the respect to the advancement direction A of the base film 3 and, particularly, upstream the supplying n 30. The attached figures illustrate, in a non limiting way, an arrangement of the apparatus n the marking member 22 is interposed between the first stop group 21a and forming station 22. The marking CRY1P74WO 68 member 22 can comprise, for example, a punch or knife configured for acting on the base film 3 or precursor body 4 for making said reference 19, particularly said reference notch, readable by a detecting device of an l or ic or mechanical type. The l unit 14 is also connected to the marking member 22; particularly, the control unit 14 is ured for defining the activation condition of the marking member 22 and synchronizing such condition with the gripping condition of the stop group 21, and particularly during the open positions and condition of the stations 2 and 8. Alternatively, the marking member can be configured for applying a mark, for e by painting or a laser radiation or heat, so that is “visible” by a suitable optical or acoustic sensor.

As it is visible in the attached figures, the apparatus 1 can further comprise at least one sensor member 18 integrally supported by the fixed frame 24 or packaging station 8. The sensor member 18 is detectingly active on said precursor body 4 and is capable to detect at least one of: - one or more references 19 made on said precursor body 4; - one or more of said tray-shaped elements 5 present in said precursor body 4.

CRY1P74WO 69 The sensor member 18 is ured for emitting and supplying to the control unit 14 an activation signal when one or more of said references 19 are detected or, respectively, one or more of said tray-shaped elements 5 are detected. The sensor member 18 can comprise, for example, a feeler, an optical sensor, an acoustic sensor or any type of sensor e of detecting the reference created by the marking member or the passage of a predetermined point of each tray-shaped element (for example the beginning of a recess). By means of the reference 19 and member 19, the control unit 14 can accurately ine the displacement of the precursor body 4 along the ement path T.

As it is visible in the attached figures, the tus 1 can further comprise at least one cutting unit 23 supported by the frame 24 and placed downstream the packaging station 8 with respect to the advancement direction A of the film 3; the cutting unit 23 is configured for separating transversally and/or longitudinally the packages C into units distinct from each other sing each one or more tray elements 5.

The cutting unit 23 is configured for cuttingly acting on the precursor body and/or closing film applied to it.

The attached figures illustrate a preferred but non limiting embodiment of the ion wherein the cutting CRY1P74WO 70 unit 23 is integrated with the second stop group 21b.

Further, the apparatus 1 comprises at least one movement device 13 engaged to the fixed frame 24 and configured for moving, along the predetermined advancement path T, at least one of said forming 2 and packaging stations 8.

Specifically, the movement device 13 is active on the forming station 2 and is configured for moving this latter from a respective starting position, along a forward stroke along said predetermined advancement path T, until it reaches a respective arrival position. De facto, during the movement of the forming n 2, for the forward stroke, such station moves along the advancement direction A by approaching to the supplying station 30. Further, the device 13 is configured for moving the station from the arrival position, for a return stroke along said ermined advancement path T te to the forward stroke, until it reaches a respective starting position. De facto, during the nt of the g station 2, along the return stroke, such station moves along the advancement direction A away from the supplying station 30. Still in other words, the g n 2 moves along the return stroke oppositely to the advancement direction A of the base film 3 and therefore of the precursor body CRY1P74WO 71 Moreover, the movement device 13 is active on the packaging station 8 and is configured for moving this latter from a respective starting on along a forward stroke along said predetermined advancement path T, until it reaches a respective arrival position. De facto, during the movement of the packaging station 8, for the forward stroke, such station 8 moves along the advancement direction A away from the supplying station . Further, the device 13 is configured for moving the packaging station 8 from the arrival position, for a return stroke along said predetermined advancement path T opposite to the forward stroke, until it reaches a respective starting position. De facto, during the movement of the packaging station 8 along the return stroke, such n 8 moves along the advancement direction A by ching to the supplying station 30.

Still in other words, the packaging station 8 along the return stroke moves in a ion opposite to the advancement direction A of the base film 3 and therefore of the precursor body 4. In the embodiment illustrated in the attached figures, the movement device 13 is active both on the forming n 2 and ing n 8 and is configured for moving, along said predetermined advancement path T, said precursor body 4, CRY1P74WO 72 both said forming 2 and packaging stations 8 along the respective forward and return s. The d strokes (respectively the return strokes) of said forming 2 and packaging stations 8 exhibit a minimum length measured along the advancement path T, which generally is at least equal to or a multiple of the oncenter between two longitudinally consecutive trayshaped elements. The forward strokes are substantially equal to each other and particularly are generally a submultiple of the predetermined distance between ns 2 and 8, which preferably remains substantially unaltered during the process except for slight compensations destined to account for a possible longitudinal deformation of the base film and/or precursor body.

By specifically studying now the structure of the moving device 13, it is possible to observe – Figures 1, from 2 to 7 – that the same in a first ment comprises at least one first actuator member 15 active on the forming station 2 and ured for reciprocally moving the n itself along the respective forward stroke and return stroke. Still in this embodiment, the movement device 13 comprises at least one second actuator member 16 independent from the first actuator member 15, active on the ing station 8 and 4WO 73 configured for reciprocally moving the packaging station 8 along the respective forward stroke and return stroke of the packaging station 8. De facto, in such arrangement, the reciprocal movements along the advancement path of the stations 2 and 8 are independently managed by the actuators 15, 16. In a red embodiment, the movement device 13 is connected to the control unit 14 which is ured for ng the first and second actuators 15, 16; particularly, the control unit 14 is configured for synchronizing the movement of the forming station 2 and packaging n 8 both along the respective forward strokes (which therefore start in the same instant and last substantially for the same time al) both along the respective return strokes (which therefore start in the same instant and substantially last for the same time interval). In such embodiment (the actuators and 16 are independent), the control unit 14 is configured for commanding the first and/or second actuators 15, 16 to be able to slightly change the ermined distance as a function of the forward stroke given to said forming 2 and packaging stations 8.

De facto, the control unit 14, besides moving the stations 2 and 8 along the forward and return strokes, can manage the distance between the two stations 2, 8 so CRY1P74WO 74 that the same can always operate with a suitable relative position. In a preferred embodiment, this type of control (relative position) is performed by using the sensor members 18; particularly, the control unit 14 is connected to the sensor member 18 and is configured for: receiving the activation signal, determining by said activation signal a position of the tray-shaped elements to be closed, moving the ing station 8 from the respective arrival position, for a return stroke opposite to the forward stroke, until it s to the new starting position wherein the packaging station 8 is centered with respect to the ined position of the tray-shaped elements 5 to be closed.

In a second embodiment of the apparatus 1, visible in Figure 1A, the movement device 13 comprises a slide 17 engaged with the frame 24 and arranged to support the forming 2 and ing station 8: the stations 2 and 8 are connected by the slide 17 so that the same are constrained to have their main movement. Also in the embodiment in Figure 1A, the device 13 ses a first actuator member 15 active on the slide 17 and configured for reciprocally moving such slide 17 and then the forming station 2 and packaging station 8 along a same common forward stroke and a same common return .

De facto, the first actuator 15 is configured for moving CRY1P74WO 75 the whole slide 17 and therefore the ns 2 and 8 simultaneously along the respective forward and return strokes. However, also the embodiment in Figure 1A provides to adjust the relative position between the stations 2 and 8 by a second actuator member 16 of the device 13 which is supported by said slide 17 and is active on at least one of said forming station 2 and packaging station 8: the second actuator member 16 is configured for changing the relative distance between the same stations 2 and 8.

De facto, in both the described embodiments, the movement device 13 is ageously managed by the control unit 14 which is active both on the forming 2 and packaging stations 8, and the actuating systems 33 and 35 of the ns 2 and 8 (systems for closing and opening the stations). As hereinbefore described, the control unit 14 is configured for commanding the forming station 2 to move between the respective open position and respective closed position and r ding the packaging n 8 to move between the respective open condition and respective closed condition. The control unit 14, active on the device 13, is configured for commanding this latter by synchronizing the nts of the actuating systems 33 and 35; particularly, the control unit 14 is configured for CRY1P74WO 76 commanding at least one of the following displacements: - a displacement of the forming station 2 along the ermined ement path T at least when the forming station 2 is in said closed position; - a movement of the packaging station 8 along the predetermined advancement path T at least when the packaging station 8 is in said closed condition.

Therefore, the control unit 14 is configured for coordinating the movement of the forming station 2 between the respective open position and the respective closed position, with the movement of the packaging station 8 between the respective open condition and respective closed condition, and with said at least one displacement applied by the movement device 13 for conferring to the precursor body 4 a step-by-step tinuous movement along said predetermined advancement path T. Specifically, the control unit 14 is configured for synchronizing the forward stroke of the forming station 2 with the forward stroke of the packaging station 8, and for synchronizing the return stroke of the g n 2 with the return stroke of the packaging n 8.

More specifically, the control unit 14 is configured for ding the movement device 13 to apply a movement to the forming station 2 along said CRY1P74WO 77 predetermined advancement path T when the forming n 2 is in the closed position. er, the control unit 14 is configured for commanding the movement device 13 to apply a movement to the packaging station 8 along said ermined advancement path T at least when the packaging station 8 is in said closed condition.

The movement applied by the device 13 is when the forming station 2 and packaging station 8 are tively in the closed position and in the closed condition and enables the same stations to simultaneously move the base film 3, precursor body 4, and packages C along the advancement path and particularly in the advancement direction A, particularly from the supplying station 25 exiting the packaging station 8.

Advantageously, the control unit 14 is also configured for commanding the forming station 2 to be placed in respective closed position and g said tray-shaped elements 5 during said forward stroke (particularly, the forming n is in a closed position before ng the forward stroke). Moreover, the control unit 14 can be advantageously configured for commanding the forming station 2 to be placed in said open position during said return stroke. In this way, the control unit 14 can CRY1P74WO 78 minimize the times required for forming the elements 5 and moving the precursor body 4.

Analogously, the control unit 14 can be configured for commanding the packaging station 8 to be placed in said respective closed condition, and fixing said portion of the closing film 9 to one or more respective haped elements 5 present in said seats 11, during said forward stroke (particularly the packaging station is in the closed condition before starting the forward stroke).

Moreover, the control unit 14 can d the ing station 8 to be placed in said open on during said return stroke.

More particularly, the control unit 14 is connected to said first and second ors 15, 16 and is configured for applying to the forward stroke of the forming station 2 a first displacement value for applying to the forward stroke of the packaging station 8 a second displacement value different from the first displacement value, optionally wherein: - or the first and the second displacement values are both predetermined, - or the first displacement value is predetermined, while the second displacement value is ated by the control unit 14 as a function of the first displacement value, CRY1P74WO 79 - or the first displacement value is predetermined, while the second displacement value is calculated by the l unit 14 as a function of the first displacement value, and as a on of a ation regarding a longitudinal strain of the precursor body 4 between the forming station 2 and the packaging n 8.

Advantageously but non in a ng way, the control unit 14 is connected to said first and second actuators , 16, and is configured for applying to the return stroke of the forming station 2 a third displacement value, and for applying to the return stroke of the packaging station 8 a fourth displacement value equal to or different from the third displacement value.

The third and fourth displacement values are one of the following: - the third and fourth displacement values are both predetermined values, - the third and fourth displacement values are predetermined and respectively equal to the first and second displacement values, - the third displacement value is predetermined, and preferably equal to the first displacement value, while the fourth displacement value is calculated by the control unit 14 as a function of the first displacement value or of the third displacement value, 4WO 80 - the third displacement value is predetermined, and ably equal to the first displacement value, while the fourth cement value is calculated by the control unit 14 as a function of the first displacement value or of the third displacement value, and as a function of a deformation regarding a longitudinal deformation of the precursor body 4 between the forming station 2 and the packaging station 8. The value of the return stroke of the packaging station can also, as an alternative, be determined by the control unit based on the information received from the sensor 18.

As hereinbefore described, the displacement value of the d strokes (and also of the return strokes) between the two stations 2 and 8 are small with respect to the overall length of the stroke: the ences are substantially tied to the expected or detected longitudinal deformations exhibited by the base film and/or precursor body. er, the control unit 14 can be arranged for storing, in a memory forming part of the unit itself or connected to this latter, a plurality of lengths values to be applied to the forward and return strokes of the forming station 2, and/or a plurality of length values to be applied to the forward and return strokes of the packaging station 8. Moreover, the control unit 14 is CRY1P74WO 81 configured for: - receiving an information regarding the type of trayshaped elements 5 formable by means the forming station 2, and - selecting from said memory 28, based on said information, the value to be applied to one or more of: a forward stroke of the forming station 2, a return stroke of the forming station 2, a forward and return strokes of the forming n 2, a forward stroke of the packaging station 8, a return stroke of the packaging station 8, a d and return strokes of the packaging station In other words, as a function of the type and therefore of the size of the tray elements, the control unit is configured for correspondingly selecting the forward and/or return strokes of the forming station, and also the forward and/return s of the packaging station. Once again it is observed that the stroke of the packaging station can be slightly adapted in order to account for le longitudinal deformations of the base film or precursor body, in particular.

The information about the type of tray-shaped elements can be for example received by the control unit 14 through an input signal from a user ace connected CRY1P74WO 82 to the control unit itself, or from a sensor active on the forming n 2 and capable of identifying the type of tray-shaped elements 5 formable by means of the forming station 2, or from a sensor active on the precursor body 4 and capable of identifying the type of tray-shaped elements 5 formed by the forming station 2.

Process for packaging products Moreover, it is an object of the present invention a process for packaging products C using the apparatus 1 according to the above given ption and according to any one of the ed claims.

The process comprises the step of unwinding the base film 3 from the supplying station 25 by ing it towards the forming station: specifically, as it will be described in the following, the forming station moves and abuts, at each cycle, against a longitudinal ing segment of the film which therefore is advanced and processed for forming the tray-shaped elements 5. Downstream the supplying station, , the base film enters the forming station 2 which provides to form in the film itself a ermined number of tray-shaped elements 5. Particularly, the tray-shaped elements are defined – at each cycle – in correspondence of a longitudinal segment of the base CRY1P74WO 83 film 3, by progressively forming in this way a uous precursor body 4 provided with tray-shaped ts 5 adjacent to each other which then enter the packaging station 8.

Between the forming and the packaging stations, there is the supplying station which provides to place one or more products to be packaged into the tray-shaped elements 5, before entering the packaging station.

Alternatively, trained personnel can load the products and in this case the supplying station can be al.

The ing station receives a longitudinal segment of a closing film 9 from a respective roll and applies such closing film to a predetermined number of tray-shaped elements 5 of the precursor body 4 present in the packaging station 8. During the steps of forming the haped elements, the forming station is in a closed position and moves from the starting position along the respective forward stroke; ntially during the same time interval, the packaging station 8 is in a closed condition and moves along its forward . The forming station and packaging station, once they have traversed the respective forward strokes, return to the tive starting positions: in other words, the forming station, once it has traversed its forward stroke, moves to an open position, releases the CRY1P74WO 84 sor body and s to the starting position wherein it will start a new cycle of forming and orting the base film 34. In turn, the packaging station, once it has traversed, its forward stroke, moves to the open condition, releases the precursor body and/or the packaged trays and returns towards its own starting position n it will start a new cycle of transporting the precursor body and fixing the g film. Due to their motion as hereinbefore described, the stations 2 and 8 apply at least to the base film 3 and precursor body 4 a step-by-step movement along a predetermined advancement path T.

More precisely, in the embodiment illustrated in the attached figures, the step-by-step movement applied to the base film and precursor body comprises: - moving the forming station 2 along the advancement path T along a forward stroke from a starting point until it reaches an arrival point: during the step of moving the forming station 2 along the d stroke, such station remains in the respective closed position and forms the predetermined number of tray-shaped elements 5 in the base film 3, - moving the packaging station 8 along the advancement path T along a forward stroke from a starting point until it reaches an arrival point; the step of moving CRY1P74WO 85 the packaging n 8 along the forward stroke is substantially synchronous with the forward stroke of the forward station; during such step, the packaging n remains in the respective closed condition and attached a longitudinal segment of the closing film 9 to a predetermined number of haped elements 5 present in the packaging station 8, - after, the forming station and packaging station have traversed the respective forward strokes, the forming station 2 is moved along a return stroke to return to the respective starting point: during the step of moving the forming n 2 along the return stroke, such station remains in the respective open on for not interfering with the precursor body and/or base film, - moving the packaging station 8 along a return stroke until it s to the previous or a new respective starting point: the said step of moving the packaging station 8 along the return stroke is substantially synchronous with the return stroke of the forming station; during said step of moving the packaging station 8 along the return stroke, such station remains in the respective open condition for not interfering with the precursor body.

The above described steps are cyclically repeated so CRY1P74WO 86 that at each cycle the precursor body, base film and packaged trays exiting the packaging station, advance by a step while a new segment of the base film is formed and while a new segment of the precursor body is sealed to a respective segment of the closing film.

As it was previously described, the apparatus 1 comprises one or more stop groups acting when (or immediately before) the forming station and packaging station respectively move to an open position and open condition for blocking the base film and/or precursor body and , as said, to apply the step-by-step movement to the base film 3 of the precursor body 4. ically, the stop group or groups perform a step of stopping the precursor body 4 and/or base film 3 ed by holding the base film 3 and/or precursor body 4 by operating the stop group/groups on the base film and/or precursor body during said return strokes of the g station and packaging station 8.

In other words, therefore, during the step of forming the tray-shaped elements 5, the g station 2 is in a closed position, blocking a longitudinal segment of the base film 3 with respect to the forming station, and during the step of fixing said udinal segment of the closing film 9 to the predetermined number of trayshaped elements 5, the packaging station 8 is in said CRY1P74WO 87 closing condition so that it blocks a segment of the precursor body 4 and closing film 9 with respect to the packaging station 8, so that the precursor body 4 is moved along the advancement path exclusively by the movement applied to it by the forming station 2 and packaging station 8. As soon as the stations 2 and 8 release the precursor body and/or trays, the stop group/groups act for longitudinally ng the advancement of the base film and/or precursor body, so that the stations 2 and 8 can return to the respective starting positions without moving neither the sor body nor the base film.

The packaging station, during its forward stroke (besides sealing the closing film to the tray) can comprise a step of forming a vacuum (or a low-pressure state having a ermined level) inside the packaging r so that the closing film is attached to the precursor body, and ularly to each respective tray-shaped element only after forming the desired level of vacuum inside this latter. Therefore, the closing film is sealed to the flange of each tray and follows the outline of the t and of the inner portion of the tray which is not occupied by the t.

Alternatively, the packaging station during the forward stroke (besides sealing the closing film to the tray) CRY1P74WO 88 can form a controlled atmosphere inside the packaging station and therefore inside each tray. Obviously, the packaging n, during the forward stroke, can be alternatively controlled for not g neither a vacuum nor a lled atmosphere, but by simply sealing the closing film to each tray-shaped element. It should be kept in mind that due to the invention, the steps of packaging and possibly forming the vacuum (skin package) or a controlled atmosphere (modified atmosphere packaging, MAP), are performed during the forward stroke of the packaging station, and also the step of forming the tray-shaped elements is med during the forward stroke of the forming station, so that the whole process is therefore provided with a great efficiency. According to a variant, the piercing unit 40 can operate in the packaging station and can be controlled by the control unit in order to pierce the lateral wall of the tray of trays during the forward stroke: r, as previously cited, the piercing tool 41 can be tubular and be connected to the vacuum group and/or lled atmosphere forming group. By this arrangement, the piercing tool 41 can be used – always by the control of the control unit, for suctioning air (by forming a vacuum in the packaging chamber) or for blowing as at a controlled atmosphere.

CRY1P74WO 89 As described herein, the base film 3 is supplied to the supplying station 25 and exhibits a width equal to or less than the width of the forming station; specifically, the base film enters the processing area of the g station and exhibits a maximum width less than the maximum width of the closing perimeter ting the processing area: in other words, the segment of the base film inside the processing station does not have longitudinal edges laterally projecting from the working n itself but, on the contrary, ts a width which is strictly necessary for forming the tray ts 5. As hereinbefore said, it is noted that the above given maximum transversal widths must be measured parallelly to each other and normal to the advancement direction A. Further, the closing film 9 exhibits a width equal to or less than the width of the precursor body in order to cover the recess of each tray-shaped element and in order to be stably attached to the flanges of the tray elements, preferably without radially projecting with respect to the precursor body 4. Due to this provisions, since the base film and precursor body are moved by means of the stations 2 and 8, it is le to maximize the saving of plastic material necessary for the ing process.

As described herein, it is possible to determine, for CRY1P74WO 90 example automatically by the control unit, the forward stroke to be applied to said forming station 2 and/or packaging station 8 based on the type of tray-shaped elements 5 to be formed, and therefore to provide a step of adjusting the distance between the forming station 2 and packaging station 8 as a multiple of said forward stroke of the forming station 2 and/or packaging station 8, in other words as a le of the step applied to the precursor body at each forming/packaging cycle.

As stated with reference to the description ing the apparatus, a marking member 22 can make on the base film or precursor body 4 at least one reference notch: for e the marking member can comprise a punch or knife which, during the return stroke of the forming and ing stations, can act on the still base film 3 or precursor body 4, by making one or more reference notches which can be used for controlling the movement of the sor body or for guiding the return stroke of the packaging station, as hereinbefore described.

Moreover, the tus 1 comprises a g unit 23 configured for separating transversally and/or longitudinally the packages C made by the packaging station by forming units distinct from each other comprising each one or more tray elements 5. The cutting unit cuttingly acts on the precursor body and/or closing CRY1P74WO 91 film applied to it: the cutting unit can be incorporated in one of the stop groups and therefore can act when the stop group blocks the precursor body or the formed trays (for example, it can act as a die and te from each other the haped elements). Alternatively, the cutting unit can be made as an independent unit , for example, downstream the packaging station; it can be commanded for operating during the return stroke of the stations 2 and 8 or during the forward stroke of such stations at areas wherein there is no undesired interference with the movement of the stations (in order to act during the forward stroke, it should be longitudinally moved as the forming and cutting stations).

In this specification where reference has been made to patent specifications, other external documents, or other sources of information, this is generally for the purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the invention. Unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to such al documents is not to be construed as an admission that such documents, or such sources of information, in any iction, are prior art, or form part of the common general dge in the art.

In the description in this specification reference may CRY1P74WO 92 be made to subject matter which is not within the scope of the claims of the current application. That subject matter should be readily identifiable by a person d in the art and may assist in putting into practice the invention as defined in the claims of this application.

The term “comprising” as used in this specification and claims means “consisting at least in part of”. When interpreting statements in this specification and claims which include the term “comprising”, other es besides the es prefaced by this term in each statement can also be present. Related terms such as “comprise” and “comprised” are to be interpreted in similar manner.

CRY1P74WO 93

Claims

1. Apparatus (1) for packaging a product (P) comprising: - a forming station (2) configured for receiving a base film (3) and forming from it a sor body (4) having a plurality of tray-shaped elements (5) adjacent to each other, wherein the forming station (2) comprises: at least one upper portion (6), and at least one lower portion (7), the upper n and lower portion being coupled to be movable with respect to each other between an open position of the forming station (2), wherein the upper n (6) and lower portion (7) are spaced from each other and enable a longitudinal segment (3a) of the base film (3) to enter the forming n (2), and a closed position of the forming station (2), wherein the upper portion (6) and lower portion (7) are approached to each other for blocking said longitudinal segment (3a) of the base film (3) with t to the forming station (2) and forming in such longitudinal segment (3a) one or more of said tray-shaped elements (5), - a packaging station (8) ured for receiving said precursor body (4) and a closing film (9), the packaging station (8) being configured for fixing the closing film (9) to the precursor body (4) at least at an upper opening (5a) of a predetermined number of said tray- CRY1P74WO 94 shaped elements (5) for forming packages (C) flanked to each other, the packaging station (8), comprising in turn: a lower tool (10) comprising a predetermined number of seats (11) each configured for receiving at least one of said tray-shaped elements (5), and an upper tool (12) facing the lower tool (10) and ured for cooperating with the lower tool (10) for fixing at least a portion of said closing film (9) to one or more tray-shaped elements (5) placed in said seats (11), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are movable with respect to each other between an open condition of the packaging station (8), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are spaced from each other and enable to place one or more tray-shaped ts (5) in said seats (11) and to place said closing film (9) n above one or more respective tray-shaped elements (5), and a closed condition of the packaging station (8), wherein the upper tool (12) and lower tool (10) are approached to each other for blocking the one or more tray-shaped elements (5) in said seats (11) with respect to the packaging station (8) and fixing said closing film n (9) to such one or more respective tray-shaped elements (5) present in said seats(11), CRY1P74WO 95 - at least one movement device (13) active both on the forming n (2) and the packaging station (8), said movement device being configured for moving, along a predetermined advancement path (T) of said precursor body (4), both said forming station (2) and said packaging station (8), and - a control unit (14) active on said forming station (2) and packaging station (8) and also on the movement device (13), and ured for: commanding a movement of the forming station (2) between the respective open position and the respective closed position, commanding a movement of the packaging station (8) between the respective open ion and the respective closed condition, commanding the movement device (13) to perform the following: a displacement of the forming station (2) along said predetermined ement path (T) at least when the forming n (2) is in said closed position, a displacement of the packaging station (8) along said predetermined advancement path (T) at least when the ing station (8) is in said closed condition, wherein the control unit (14) is further configured for 4WO 96 nating the movement of the forming station (2) between the respective open position and the respective closed position, with the movement of the ing station (8) between the respective open condition and the respective closed condition, and with said displacements performed by the movement device (13) for conferring – to at least one longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) – a discontinuous step-by-step movement along said predetermined advancement path (T), and wherein the tus is configured so that, at least to the longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4), the movement along said predetermined advancement path (T) is exclusively applied by the forming station and packaging station themselves during a respective forward stroke.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movement device (13) active on the forming station (2) is configured for: - moving the forming station (2) from a respective starting position, along a forward stroke along said predetermined advancement path (T), until it reaches a respective arrival on, and - moving the forming station (2) from the respective arrival position, for a return stroke opposite to the CRY1P74WO 97 forward stroke, until it returns to a new respective starting on, and wherein the control unit (14) is also configured for: - commanding the forming station (2) to be placed in said respective closed position and to form said trayshaped ts (5) during said forward stroke, - commanding the forming station (2) to be placed in said open position during said return stroke.

3. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding , wherein said movement device (13) active on the packaging station (8) is configured for: - moving the ing station (8) from a respective starting position, along a forward stroke along said predetermined advancement path (T), until it reaches a respective l position, and - moving the packaging n (8) from the respective arrival position, for a return stroke opposite to the forward stroke, until it returns to a new starting position, and wherein the control unit (14) is also configured for: - commanding the packaging station (8) to be placed in said respective closed condition, and fixing said CRY1P74WO 98 closing film (9) portion to one or more respective aped elements (5) present in said seats (11), during said forward stroke, - commanding the packaging station (8) to be placed in said open position during said return stroke.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said udinal portion of the precursor body (4) – to which the movement along said predetermined advancement path (T) is exclusively applied by the forming station and packaging station themselves during the tive forward strokes – extends between the forming station and packaging station when the forming station and packaging station are starting the respective forward strokes along said predetermined advancement path (T).

5. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding , wherein the apparatus is configured so that the nt of the precursor body along the operative path at least between said forming station and said packaging station is ively applied by the g station and packaging station themselves during the respective forward strokes.

6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding CRY1P74WO 99 claims, wherein the apparatus is configured so that the movement of the base film up to the forming station be exclusively applied by the forming station and packaging station themselves during the tive forward strokes.

7. Apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein said movement device (13) comprises: - a first actuator member (15) active on the forming station (2) and configured for ocally moving the forming station (2) along said forward stroke and return stroke of the forming station (2), and - a second actuator member (16), independent from the first actuator (15), active on the packaging n (8) and configured for reciprocally moving the packaging station (8) along said d stroke and return stroke of the packaging station (8); or wherein the movement device (13) comprises: - a slide (17) arranged for supporting the forming station (2) and the packaging station (8), - a first or member (15) active on the slide (17) and configured for reciprocally moving such slide (17) and therefore the forming station (2) and the packaging n (8) along a same common forward stroke and same common return stroke, and CRY1P74WO 100 - a second actuator member (16), carried by said slide (17) and active on at least one of said forming station (2) and packaging station (8), said second actuator member (16) being configured for varying a distance with respect to the stations themselves; and wherein the control unit (14) is connected to said first and second actuator s (15, 16) and is configured for imposing to the forward stroke of the forming station (2) a first displacement value and for imposing to the forward stroke of the packaging station (8) a second displacement value different from the first displacement value.

8. tus of the ing claim, wherein: - either the first and the second displacement values are both preset, - or the first displacement value is preset, while the second cement value is calculated by the control unit (14) as a function of the first displacement value, - or the first displacement value is preset, while the second displacement value is calculated by the control unit (14) as a on of the first displacement value, and of a deformation information regarding a longitudinal deformation of the sor body (4) between the forming station (2) and the packaging CRY1P74WO 101 station (8).

9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the control unit (14) is ted to said first and second actuators (15, 16) and is configured for imposing to the return stroke of the forming station (2) a third displacement value and for imposing to the return stroke of the packaging station (8) a fourth displacement value equal to or different from the third displacement value; further wherein said third and fourth displacement values are one of the following: - the third and fourth displacement values are both preset values, - the third and fourth displacement values are preset and respectively equal to the first and second displacement values, - the third displacement value is preset, while the fourth cement value is calculated by the control unit (4) as a function of the first cement value or of the third cement value, - the third displacement value is preset, while the fourth displacement value is calculated by the control unit (14) as a function of the first displacement value or of the third displacement value, and of a deformation information regarding one longitudinal deformation of CRY1P74WO 102 the precursor body between the forming station (2) and the packaging station (8).

10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 9, n the control unit (14) is configured for synchronizing the forward stroke of the forming station (2) with a forward stroke of the packaging n (8) and for synchronizing the return stroke of the forming station (2) with the return stroke of the packaging station (8).

11. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one sensor member (18) active in detection on said precursor body (4) and capable of detecting at least one among: - one or more references (19) made on said precursor body (4), and - one or more of said tray-shaped elements (5) t in said precursor body (4), n said sensor member (18) is ured for emitting and supplying to the control unit (4) an activation signal upon the detection of one or more of said references (19) or, respectively, of one or more of said tray-shaped elements (5); and wherein the control unit (14) is connected to the CRY1P74WO 103 sensor member (18) and is configured for: - receiving said tion signal, - determining from said activation signal a position of the tray-shaped elements (5) to be closed, and - moving the packaging station (8) from the respective arrival position, for a return stroke opposite to the forward stroke, until it returns to the new starting on wherein the packaging n is centered with respect to the determined position of the haped elements (5) to be closed.

12. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one stop group (21) configured for acting on at least one of: - said base film (3), - the sor body (4) formed by the forming station (2), - said packages formed by the packaging station (8), the stop group (21) being further ured for being placed between at least one release condition, wherein it enables to move the precursor body (4) or, respectively, said packages along the advancement path (T), and a gripping condition, wherein the stop group (21) acts on the precursor body (4) or, respectively, on said packages, by preventing them a movement along the 4WO 104 advancement path (T); said control unit (14) being configured for commanding the stop group (21) to be placed and remain in said closed condition when said forming station (2) is in said open position and/or when said packaging station (8) is in said open condition.

13. Apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said stop group (21) comprises: - a first stop group (21a) active on said precursor body (4) and operating in an area comprised n said forming station (2) and said packaging station (8), or active on said base film (3) and operating upstream the forming station (2), and - a second stop group (21b) active on said precursor body (4) and operating in an area comprised between said forming station (2) and said packaging station (8), or active on said packages downstream the ing station (8), said control unit (14) being configured for commanding the first and second stop groups (21a, 21b) to be ntially simultaneously placed and remain both in said gripping condition when said g station (2) is in said open position and/or when said packaging station (8) is in said open condition. CRY1P74WO 105

14. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: - a marking member (22) capable of making on said base film (3) or on the precursor body (4) at least one reference notch, optionally wherein said marking member (22) comprises a punch or knife which is ured for acting on the base film (3) or precursor body (4) by making said reference notch, and/or - a cutting unit (23) configured for transversally and/or longitudinally separating said packages (C) in units distinct from each other, each comprising one or more tray elements (5), wherein the cutting unit (23) is configured for cuttingly acting on the precursor body and/or the closing film applied to it, and/or - a piercing unit (40) provided with a ng tool (41) e of displacing from a rest condition, in which it is spaced from the sor body, and an operative condition wherein the piercing tool acts on said precursor body by performing at least one through opening (42) on a wall, optionally a lateral wall, of a respective tray-shaped element.

15. Apparatus according to claims 13 or 14, wherein the first stop group (21a) comprises the piercing unit CRY1P74WO 106 which, at the gripping condition of the first stop group (21a), is configured for acting on the precursor body (4) by making said at least one of said h openings, or wherein the first stop group (21a) comprises the g member (22) which, at the gripping ion of the first stop group (21a) is configured for acting on the base film (3) or on the sor body (4) by making said reference notch, and/or wherein the second stop group (21b) comprises the cutting unit (23) ured for cuttingly acting on the precursor body (4) and/or on the closing film (9) applied to it when the second stop group (21b) is in said gripping condition.

16. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said forming station (2), said packaging station (8) and said moving group (13) are carried by a fixed frame (24) on which the advancement path (T) of the base film (3) and precursor body (4) is defined, and wherein the apparatus (1) further comprises at least one supplying station (25), optionally comprising a supplying roll, of said base film (3) which exhibits a width (L1) having an extension equal or different for no more than 1 cm with respect to a width (L2) of the CRY1P74WO 107 processing area (27) of the forming station (2); the above mentioned widths are ed parallelly to each other and normal to the advancement direction (A) of the base film (3) along the predetermined advancement path (T).

17. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the packaging station (8) comprises at least one welding rod arranged to heat fix the closing film (9) to said one or more tray-shaped elements of the precursor body (4), and wherein the welding rod exhibits a maximum width substantially equal to or slightly different – optionally from 1 to 5 mm greater or from 1 to 5 mm smaller – from the maximum transversal width of the precursor body (4) and of the closing film (9); the above mentioned widths are all measured parallelly to each other and normal to the advancement direction (A) of the base film (3) along the predetermined ement path (T).

18. Apparatus according to any one of claims from 3 to 17, comprising at least one memory (28) connected to the control unit (4) and arranged to store: - a plurality of length values to be d to the d and return s of the forming station (2), CRY1P74WO 108 and/or - a plurality of length values to be imposed to the forward and return strokes of the packaging station (8), n the control unit (14) is ed to: - receive an information ing the type of trayshaped elements (5) formable by the forming station (2), - select from said memory (28), based on said ation, the value to be impose to one or more of: the forward stroke of the forming station (2), the return stroke of the forming station (2), the forward and return strokes of the forming station (2), the forward stroke of the packaging station (8), the return stroke of the packaging station (8), and the forward and return strokes of the ing station (8).

19. Apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said information is received by an input signal from an user interface connected to the control unit (14), or from a sensor active on the forming station (2) and capable of identifying the type of tray-shaped elements (5) formable by the forming station (2) or by the sensor CRY1P74WO 109 active on the precursor body (4) and capable of identifying the type of tray-shaped elements (5) formed by the g station (2).

20. Apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 19, wherein said packaging station (8) is placed at a predetermined distance from the g station (2), said forward stroke of said forming station (3) and/or packaging stations (8) having a length which is a submultiple of said predetermined distance, optionally wherein said control unit (14) is configured for commanding said first and/or second ors (15, 16) and for varying said predetermined distance as a function of the forward stroke to be impose to said forming station (2) and packaging stations (8).

21. Packaging process using the apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding , said process comprising the following steps: - forming, in the forming station (2), a ermined number of tray-shaped elements (5) at a longitudinal length of a base film (3), by making a continuous precursor body ed with tray-shaped elements (5) adjacent to each other, - placing one or more products to be packaged in said CRY1P74WO 110 tray-shaped elements (5), - fixing in the packaging station (8) a longitudinal length of a closing film (9) to a predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5) of the precursor body (4) t in the packaging station (8), and - conferring at least to the base film (3) and precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement along a predetermined advancement path (T), n the step of conferring to the base film (3) and precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement provides to: move said forming n (2) along the advancement path (T) with a forward stroke from a starting point in order to reach an arrival point, during said step of moving the g station (2) along the forward stroke, such station remaining in the respective closed position and forming in the base film (3) the predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5), and/or move the packaging station (8) along the advancement path (T) with a forward stroke from a starting point in order to reach an arrival point, during said step of moving the packaging n (8) along the forward stroke, such station remaining in the respective closed condition and fixing said udinal segment of the closing film (9) to the predetermined number of tray-shaped elements (5) present in the CRY1P74WO 111 packaging station (8), and wherein the step of conferring to the base film (3) and the precursor body (4) a step-by-step movement further es to: move said forming station (2) in a return stroke in order to return to the respective starting point, during said step of moving the forming station (2) in the return stroke such station remaining in the respective open position, and/or move the packaging station (8) in a return stroke in order to return to the tive starting point or to a new starting point, during said step of moving the packaging station (8) in the return stroke such n remaining in the respective closed condition.

22. Process according to claim 21, wherein the step of conferring a y-step movement to the base film (3) and the precursor body (4) further comprises a step of stopping the precursor body (4) and/or the base film (3) by g the base film (3) and/or precursor body (4) by a stop group (21) active on the base film and/or the precursor body during said return strokes of the forming station and packaging station (8).

23. Process according to claim 21 or claim 22, wherein CRY1P74WO 112 during the step of forming the tray-shaped elements (5), the forming station (2) is in a closed position, in order to block a udinal segment of the base film (3) with respect to the forming station, wherein, during the step of fixing said longitudinal segment of the g film (9) to the ermined number of the tray-shaped elements (5), the packaging station (8) is in said closed condition in order to block a segment of the precursor body (4) and the closing film (9) with respect to the packaging station (8).

24. Process according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein at least one longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) is moved along the advancement path (T) exclusively by the movement conferred to it by the forming station (2) and the packaging station (8).

25. Process according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein said longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) is moved along said ermined advancement path (T) exclusively by the forming n and packaging station during the respective forward s of the stations themselves. CRY1P74WO 113

26. Process according to claim 25, wherein said longitudinal portion of the precursor body (4) – to which the movement along said predetermined advancement path (T) is exclusively conferred by the g station and the packaging station themselves during the respective forward strokes – extends between the forming station and the packaging station when the forming and packaging station are ng the respective d strokes along said predetermined advancement path (T).

27. Process according to any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the movement of the base film (3) up to the forming station is exclusively conferred by the forming station and the packaging station themselves during the respective forward strokes.

28. Process according to any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein it is provided to determine the forward stroke to be impose to said forming station (2) and/or said packaging station (8) based on the type of the trayshaped elements (5) to be , and a step of ing the distance between the forming station (2) and packaging station (8) as a multiple of said d stroke of said g station (2) and/or packaging station (8). CRY1P74WO 114

29. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 20 ntially as herein described with reference to any example thereof, with or without reference to any one or more of the accompanying figures.

30. Process according to any one of claims 21 to 28 substantially as herein described with nce to any example thereof, with or without reference to any one of more of the accompanying figures.