NZ733823B2 - Fungicidal compounds and compositions - Google Patents

Fungicidal compounds and compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
NZ733823B2
NZ733823B2 NZ733823A NZ73382316A NZ733823B2 NZ 733823 B2 NZ733823 B2 NZ 733823B2 NZ 733823 A NZ733823 A NZ 733823A NZ 73382316 A NZ73382316 A NZ 73382316A NZ 733823 B2 NZ733823 B2 NZ 733823B2
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New Zealand
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spp
compound
group
nitrile
benzoxaborole
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NZ733823A
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NZ733823A (en
Inventor
Richard M Jacobson
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Agrofresh Inc
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Priority claimed from PCT/US2016/017326 external-priority patent/WO2016130658A1/en
Publication of NZ733823A publication Critical patent/NZ733823A/en
Publication of NZ733823B2 publication Critical patent/NZ733823B2/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
    • A01N55/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur containing boron
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
    • A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
    • A23B4/18—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B4/20—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
    • A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
    • A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A23L3/3544—Organic compounds containing hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic System
    • C07F5/02—Boron compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic System
    • C07F5/02—Boron compounds
    • C07F5/025—Boronic and borinic acid compounds

Abstract

This invention is related to compounds and/or compositions useful against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts. In one embodiment, the provided compounds are products of certain oxaborole moieties. In a further embodiment, the compound comprises certain halogen substitutions on the boron atom. Delivery systems are also provided to take advantage of their fungicidal activity and/or volatile nature of these compounds and/or compositions. In another embodiment, the compounds disclosed have herbicidal activity. n atom. Delivery systems are also provided to take advantage of their fungicidal activity and/or volatile nature of these compounds and/or compositions. In another embodiment, the compounds disclosed have herbicidal activity.

Description

IDAL COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit under 35 USC § 119(e) of US. Provisional Application Serial No. 62/115,174, filed on February 12, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A number of compounds containing an oxaborole ring have been disclosed previously. However, there has been no teaching that these oxaborole compounds are volatile antimicrobial agents. In addition, there has been no teaching for modifying substituents on the boron atom while maintaining their antimicrobial activity and their use as contact or volatile fungicides.
Thus, there remains a need to develop new uses of s volatile antimicrobial agents and/or combinations with a volatile plant growth regulator, in particular for agricultural applications.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention is related to nds and/or compositions useful against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts. In one embodiment, the provided compounds are products of certain oxaborole moieties. In a further embodiment, the compound comprises certain halogen substitutions on the boron atom. Delivery systems are also provided to take advantage of their fungicidal activity and/or volatile nature of these nds and/or compositions. In another embodiment, the compounds disclosed have herbicidal activity.
In one aspect, provided is a compound having a structure of formula (A): wherein A and D together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a —, 6—, or 7—membered fused ring which may be tuted by C1—C6 —alkyl, C1—C6 —alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino tuted by one or more C1—C6 —alkyl groups, y, acyl, aryloxy, amido, carbonamido substituted by C1—C6 —alkyl, sulfonamido or trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; B is boron; R1 and R2 are each independently halogen or nitrile; X1 is a group —(CR3R4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, kyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; p is l, 2, 3, or 4; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
In one embodiment, the nd of formula (A) is ed from a (precursor) nd selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro—l,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; hydro—l—hydroxy— 2,1—benzoxaborole; and combinations f. In another embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is prepared from a (precursor) compound selected from the group consisting of 5— fluorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; 5—chlorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; c][l,2]oxaborol—l(3H)—ol; and combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is R1 R1 B<RI 2 é/R2 _ _\ / ,0 F X1 or x1 In a further embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of B B/ B -\ -\ B/ F F and combinations 9 9 9 , thereof. In another embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of T F / i /F 0 o F and combination thereof. In another embodiment, the 9 , compound of formula (A) is T F moB’—\ F Additional oxaborole moieties are also disclosed previously in US. Patent No. 188, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
In one aspect, provided is a compound haVing a ure of formula (B): R7 {EC(n) | ’0 wherein R5 and R6 are each independently halogen or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, alkyne, haloalkyl, haloalkene, haloalkyne, alkoxy, alkeneoxy, haloalkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkene, heteroarylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, alcohol, sulfide, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfoximine, sulfilimine, sulfonamide, sulfate, ate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carbamate, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, ate, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy; n =1, 2, 3, or 4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)m where m = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is defined herein; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
In one embodiment, each R7 is independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, or arylalkyl. In another embodiment, X2 = (CR8R9)q wherein q = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R8 and R9 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R8 and R9 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring.
In one embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is prepared from a rsor) nd selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— aborole; 5—chloro— l ,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; l,3—dihydro— 1 —hydroxy— 2,l—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. In r embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is prepared from a (precursor) compound selected from the group ting of 5— fluorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; robenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; benzo[c][l,2]oxaborol—l(3H)—ol; and combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is ll?5 R6 IIR5 R6 B: B/ _ _\ / ,0 F X2 or X2 In a further embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is selected from the group consisting of F C' F CI | | ‘\ ‘\ o o ©:/o ©:/o—\ F F and combinations , , , , thereof. In another embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is ed from the group consisting of F F | F E}: é/F F and combination thereof. In another embodiment, the , , compound of formula (B) is In r aspect, provided is a method of preparing a compound. The method comprises mixing at least one oxaborole compound with at least one nt introducing a n or nitrile group to a (precursor) compound to generate compound(s) of formula (A) or (B).
The following numbered embodiments are contemplated and are non—limiting: l. A compound haVing a structure of a (A): | 2 I1’0 A X wherein A and D together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5—, 6—, or 7—membered fused ring which may be substituted by C1—C6 —alkyl, C1—C6 —alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino substituted by one or more C1—C6 —alkyl groups, carboxy, acyl, aryloxy, carbonamido, carbonamido substituted by C1—C6 —alkyl, sulfonamido or trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; R1 and R2 are each independently n or nitrile; X1 is a group 4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; pis l, 2, 3, or4; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
The compound of clause 1, wherein the nd is volatile.
The compound of clause 1 or clause 2, wherein the compound has antimicrobial activity.
The compound of any one of clauses l to 3, wherein the compound is prepared from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro—l,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, oxaborole; l,3—dihydro—l— hydroxy—2,l—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof.
The compound of any one of s l to 4, wherein the compound of a (A) is The compound of any one of clauses l to 4, wherein the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of F 0' F CI | | —\ —\ —\ —\ F F and , , , , combinations thereof.
A mixture or composition comprising the nd of any one of clauses l to 6.
A method of using a compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, sing contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an effective amount of the compound having a structure of formula (A): | 2 wherein 2016/017326 A and D together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5—, 6—, or 7—membered fused ring which may be tuted by C1—C6 —alkyl, C1—C6 —alkoxy, y, halogen, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino substituted by one or more C1—C6 —alkyl groups, carboxy, acyl, aryloxy, carbonamido, carbonamido substituted by C1—C6 —alkyl, sulfonamido or trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; R1 and R2 are each independently halogen or nitrile; X1 is a group 4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; p is l, 2, 3, or 4; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
The method of clause 8, wherein the nd is volatile.
. The method of clause 8 or clause 9, wherein the compound is a fungicide. ll. The method of any one of clauses 8 to 10, wherein the compound is prepared from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro—l,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, oxaborole; hydro—l— hydroxy—2,l—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. 12. The method of any one of clauses 8 to ll, wherein the compound of formula (A) is 13. The method of any one of clauses 8 to ll, wherein the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of F Cl F CI B/F| B/CI| é/F '\ '\ é/CI O O —\ O O F F 9 9 9 9 combinations thereof. 14. The method of any one of clauses 8 to 13, wherein the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Acremoniam spp., Albago spp., Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Aspergillus spp., Botryodiplodia spp., Botryospheria spp., Botrytis spp., Byssochlamys spp., Candida spp., Cephalosporiam spp., Ceratocystis spp., Cercospora spp., Chalara spp., Cladosporium spp., otrichum spp., Cryptosporiopsis spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Debaryomyces spp., Diaporthe spp., Didymella spp., Diplodia spp., rella spp., Elsinoe spp., Fasariam spp., Geotricham spp., Gloeosporiam spp., ella spp., Helminthosporiam spp., Khaskia spp., iplodia spp., Macrophoma spp., Macrophomina spp., Microdochium spp., Monilinia spp., Monilochaethes spp., Mucor spp., Mycocentrospora spp., Mycosphaerella spp., Nectria spp., Neofabraea spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., Peronophythora spp., Peronospora spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., Pezicala spp., Phacidiopycnis spp., Phoma spp., Phomopsis spp., Phyllosticta spp., Phytophthora spp., Polyscytalum spp., Pseudocercospora spp., laria spp., Pythiam spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Rhizopas spp., Sclerotium spp., tinia spp., Septoria spp., Sphaceloma spp., Sphaeropsis spp., Stemphylliam spp., Stilbella spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Thyronectria spp., Trachysphaera spp., Uromyces spp., Ustilago spp., Venturia spp., and Verticilliam spp.
. The method of any one of s 8 to 13, wherein the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Bacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., Clavibacter spp., Clostridium spp., Erwinia spp., Escherichia spp., Lactobacillas spp., Leaconostoc spp., Listeria spp., Pantoea spp., Pectobacteriam spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ralstonia spp., Salmonella spp., la spp., Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Xanthomonas spp., Yersinia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp. 16. The method of any one of clauses 8 to 16, wherein the meats, plants, or plant parts are ed from the group consisting of corn, wheat, cotton, rice, soybean, and canola. 17. The method of any one of clauses 8 to 16, wherein the plants are selected from the group consisting of , pineapple, citrus, grapes, watermelon, cantaloupe, lon, and other melons, apple, peach, pear, , kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, guava, papaya, persimmon, pomegranate, avocado, fig, citrus, and berries. 18. A compound haVing a structure of formula (B): R7 {is(n) | ’0 R5 and R6 are each independently halogen or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, alkyne, haloalkyl, haloalkene, haloalkyne, alkoxy, alkeneoxy, haloalkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkene, heteroarylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, alcohol, sufide, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfoximine, sulfilimine, sulfonamide, sulfate, sulfonate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carbamate, rbamate, urea, ea, carbonate, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy; n: 1,2, 3,or4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)In where m = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is defined herein; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof. 19. The nd of clause 18, wherein the compound is volatile.
. The compound of clause 18 or clause 19, wherein the compound has antimicrobial actiVity. 21. The compound of any one of clauses 18 to 20, n the compound is prepared from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—1,3—dihydro—1—hydroxy—2,1— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro—1,3—dihydro—1—hydroxy—2,1—benzoxaborole; 1,3—dihydro—1— hydroxy—2,1—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. 22. The compound of any one of s 18 to 21, wherein the compound of formula (B) is II25 FE5 R6 R6 O _\O / / F X2 or X2 23. The compound of any one of clauses 18 to 21, n the compound of formula (B) is selected from the group consisting of F 0' F CI | | —\ —\ O O —\ O O F F and I I I ’ combinations thereof. 24. A mixture or ition comprising the compound of any one of clauses 18 to 23.
. A method of using a compound against pathogens affecting meats, , or plant parts, comprising contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an effective amount of the compound haVing a structure of formula (B): R7 a(n) I ,O / X2 wherein R5 and R6 are each independently halogen or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, alkyne, haloalkyl, haloalkene, haloalkyne, alkoxy, alkeneoxy, haloalkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, kene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkene, heteroarylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, e, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, alcohol, sufide, ide, sulfone, sulfoximine, sulfilimine, sulfonamide, sulfate, sulfonate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, ate, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, carbonate, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy; n: l,2, 3,or4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)In where m = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is defined herein; and lturally acceptable salts thereof. 26. The method of clause 25, wherein the compound is volatile. 27. The method of clause 25 or clause 26, wherein the compound is a fungicide. 28. The method of any one of clauses 25 to 27, wherein the compound is ed from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro— l ydro— l—hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; l,3—dihydro— l — hydroxy—2,l—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. 29. The method of any one of clauses 25 to 28, wherein the compound of formula (B) is II25 5 R6 FE R6 O _\O / / F/©:B< X2 or x2 . The method of any one of clauses 25 to 28, wherein the compound of formula (B) is selected from the group ting of F 0' F CI | | —\ —\ —\ —\ F F and , , , , combinations thereof. 31. The method of any one of s 25 to 30, n the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Acremonium spp., Albugo spp., Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Aspergillus spp., Botryodiplodia spp., Botryospheria spp., Botrytis spp., Byssochlamys spp., Candida spp., Cephalosporium spp., Ceratocystis spp., Cercospora spp., Chalara spp., Cladosporium spp., Colletotrichum spp., Cryptosporiopsis spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Debaryomyces spp., Diaporthe spp., Didymella spp., Diplodia spp., Dothiorella spp., Elsinoe spp., Fusarium spp., Geotrichum spp., Gloeosporium spp., Glomerella spp., Helminthosporium spp., Khuskia spp., Lasiodiplodia spp., Macrophoma spp., Macrophomina spp., Microdochium spp., Monilinia spp., Monilochaethes spp., Mucor spp., Mycocentrospora spp., Mycosphaerella spp., Nectria spp., Neofabraea spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., Peronophythora spp., spora spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., Pezicula spp., Phacidiopycnis spp., Phoma spp., Phomopsis spp., Phyllosticta spp., hthora spp., Polyscytalum spp., Pseudocercospora spp., Pyricularia spp., Pythium spp., tonia spp., Rhizopus spp., Sclerotium spp., Sclerotinia spp., Septoria spp., Sphacelama spp., Sphaeropsis spp., Stemphyllium spp., lla spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Thyronectria spp., Trachysphaera spp., Uromyces spp., Ustilago spp., Venturia spp., and Verticillium spp. 32. The method of any one of clauses 25 to 30, wherein the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Bacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., Clavibacter spp., Clostridium spp., Erwinia spp., ichia spp., Lactobacillas spp., Leaconostoc spp., Listeria spp., Pantoea spp., Pectobacteriam spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ralstonia spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Xanthomonas spp., Yersinia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp. 33. The method of any one of clauses 25 to 32, wherein the meats, plants, or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of corn, wheat, cotton, rice, n, and canola. 34. The method of any one of s 25 to 32, wherein the plants are ed from the group consisting of banana, pineapple, citrus, grapes, watermelon, cantaloupe, muskmelon, and other melons, apple, peach, pear, cherry, uit, mango, nectarine, guava, papaya, persimmon, pomegranate, avocado, fig, citrus, and berries.
. A method of preparing a nd comprising mixing at least one oxaborole nd with at least one reactant introducing a halogen or nitrile group to te compound of formula (A) or (B). 36. The method of clause 35, wherein the mixing is performed in presence of a solvent. 37. The method of clause 36, wherein the solvent comprises water, acetone, toluene, hexane, or combinations thereof. 38. The method of clause 36 or clause 37, further comprises evaporating the solvent by heating. 39. The method of clause 38, wherein the heating is performed at a temperature between 80 OC and 200 OC. 40. The method of any one of clauses 35 to 39, wherein the at least one oxaborole compound comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3— dihydro— l xy—2, l—benzoxaborole; 5—chloro— l ,3—dihydro— l —hydroxy—2, l— benzoxaborole; l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. 41. The method of any one of clauses 35 to 40, wherein the at least one reactant comprises potassium hydrogen ide.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURE 1 shows the in vivo volatile antimicrobial activity of Sample 1 (compound 131; 10 mg/L ace concentration) against 3 different fungal pathogens and 6 different hosts.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention is based on surprising s that reaction of benzoxaborole compounds with potassium hydrogen difluoride or other reactants to generate a new class of compounds which can (I) possess volatile properties at room temperature; and (2) have antimicrobial ty against for e fungi, especially Botrytis cinerea. One example includes the product from reaction of 5—fluoro—l—hydroxy—2,l—benzoxaborole with potassium en difluoride, which shows ent activity against Botrytis cinerea. Volatile antimicrobial agents (for example fungicides) have utility in postharvest disease control.
Provided are methods using reaction of certain l—hydroxybenzoxaborole compounds to form nds having antimicrobial activity, and compounds and/or composition prepared by the s disclosed.
Unless otherwise stated, the following terms used in this application, including the specification and claims, have the definitions given below. It must be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The definition of standard chemistry terms may be found in reference works, ing Carey and Sundberg, Advanced Organic Chemistry 4th ed., Vols. A (2000) and B (2001), Plenum Press, New York, NY.
As used herein, the phrase “moiety” refers to a specific segment or functional group of a molecule. Chemical moieties are often recognized al entities ed in or appended to a molecule.
As used herein, the phrases “heteroatom” and “hetero—“ refer to atoms other than carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). Examples of heteroatoms include oxygen (O), nitrogen (N) sulfur (S), n (Si), germanium (Ge), aluminum (Al) and boron (B).
As used herein, the s “halo” and “halogen” are interchangeable and refer to fluoro (—F), chloro (—Cl), bromo (—Br), and iodo (—I).
As used herein, the phrase “alkyl” refers to an unsubstituted or substituted, hydrocarbon group and can include straight, branched, cyclic, saturated and/or unsaturated features. Although the alkyl moiety may be an “unsaturated alkyl” moiety, which means that it contains at least one alkene or alkyne moiety, typically, the alkyl moiety is a “saturated alkyl” group, which means that it does not contain any alkene or alkyne moieties. se, gh the alkyl moiety may be a cyclic, lly the alkyl moiety is a non—cyclic group. Thus, in some embodiments, “alkyl” refers to an optionally substituted straight—chain, or optionally substituted branched—chain saturated arbon monoradical having from about one to about thirty carbon atoms in some embodiments, from about one to about fifteen carbon atoms in some embodiments, and from about one to about six carbon atoms in further embodiments.
Examples of saturated alkyl radicals include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, yl, isopropyl, 2—methyl—l—propyl, 2—methyl—2—propyl, 2—methyl—l—butyl, 3—methyl—l—butyl, 2— methyl—3—butyl, 2,2—dimethyl—l—propyl, 2—methyl—l—pentyl, 3—methyl—l—pentyl, 4—methyl—l— pentyl, 2—methyl—2—pentyl, 3—methyl—2—pentyl, 4—methyl—2—pentyl, 2,2—dimethyl—l—butyl, 3,3— dimethyl—l—butyl, 2—ethyl—l—butyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec—butyl, l, n—pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, and n—hexyl, and longer alkyl groups, such as heptyl, and octyl. It should be noted that whenever it appears , a numerical range such as “l to 6” refers to each integer in the given range; e.g., “l to 6 carbon atoms” or “CH,” or “C1—C6” means that the alkyl group may consist of 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms, 5 carbon atoms, and/or 6 carbon atoms, gh the present definition also covers the ence of the term ” where no cal range is designated.
As used herein, the phrase “substituted alkyl” refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, in which one or more (up to about five, preferably up to about three) hydrogen atoms is replaced by a substituent independently selected from the substituent group defined herein.
As used herein, the phrases “substituents” and “substituted” refer to groups which may be used to replace another group on a molecule. Such groups are known to those of skill in the chemical arts and may include, without limitation, one or more of the following independently selected groups, or ated subsets thereof: halogen, —CN, —OH, —NOZ, —N3, =0, 28, =NH, —SOz, —NH2, —COOH, nitroalkyl, amino, including mono— and di—substituted amino groups, o, isocyanato, thiocyanato, isothiocyanato, guanidinyl, amyl, N— carbamyl, thiocarbamyl, uryl, isouryl, thiouryl, isothiouryl, mercapto, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamidyl, phosphonyl, phosphatidyl, phosphoramidyl, dialkylamino, diarylamino, diarylalkylamino; and the protected compounds thereof. The ting groups that may form the protected compounds of the above substituents are known to those of skill in the art and may be found in references such as Wuts and Greene, Greene’s Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ. (2007) and Kocienski, Protective Groups, 3rd ed., Thieme Verlag, New York, NY. (2005) which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
As used , the phrase “alkoxy” refers to the group —O—alkyl, where alkyl is as d herein. In one embodiment, alkoxy groups include, e.g., methoxy, ethoxy, n—propoxy, iso—propoxy, xy, tert—butoxy, sec—butoxy, n—pentoxy, n—hexoxy, l,2—dimethylbutoxy, and the like. The alkoxy can be unsubstituted or substituted.
As used herein, the s “cyclic” and “membered ring” refer to any cyclic structure, including alicyclic, heterocyclic, aromatic, heteroaromatic and polycyclic fused or non—fused ring systems as described herein. The term “membered” is meant to denote the number of skeletal atoms that constitute the ring. Thus, for example, pyridine, pyran, and pyrimidine are six—membered rings and pyrrole, tetrahydrofuran, and thiophene are five— membered rings.
As used herein, the phrase tic” refers to a cyclic or polycyclic moiety having a conjugated unsaturated (4n+2) Tl: electron system (where n is a positive integer), sometimes referred to as a delocalized Tl: electron system.
As used herein, the phrase “aryl” refers to an optionally substituted, aromatic, cyclic, hydrocarbon monoradical of from six to about twenty ring atoms, preferably from six to about ten carbon atoms and es fused (or condensed) and non—fused aromatic rings. A fused aromatic ring radical contains from two to four fused rings where the ring of attachment is an aromatic ring, and the other individual rings within the fused ring may be cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, lkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkynyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic or any combination thereof. A non—limiting example of a single ring aryl group includes phenyl; a fused ring aryl group includes naphthyl, anthryl, azulenyl; and a non—fused bi—aryl group includes biphenyl.
As used herein, the phrase “substituted aryl” refers to an aryl group, as defined herein, in which one or more (up to about five, preferably up to about three) hydrogen atoms is replaced by a substituent independently selected from the group d , t as otherwise constrained by the definition for the aryl substituent).
As used herein, the phrase oaryl” refers to an optionally substituted, aromatic, cyclic monoradical containing from about five to about twenty skeletal ring atoms, preferably from five to about ten ring atoms and includes fused (or condensed) and non—fused ic rings, and which have one or more (one to ten, preferably about one to about four) ring atoms selected from an atom other than carbon (i.e., a heteroatom) such as, for example, , nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, phosphorus or combinations thereof. The term heteroaryl includes optionally substituted fused and non—fused heteroaryl radicals having at least one heteroatom.
A fused heteroaryl radical may contain from two to four fused rings where the ring of attachment is a heteroaromatic ring and the other individual rings within the fused ring system may be alicyclic, heterocyclic, aromatic, heteroaromatic or any combination thereof. The term heteroaryl also includes fused and non—fused aryls having from five to about twelve skeletal ring atoms, as well as those having from five to about ten skeletal ring atoms.
Examples of heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, acridinyl, benzo[l,3]dioxole, benzimidazolyl, benzindazolyl, benzoisooxazolyl, benzokisazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzofurazanyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzo[b]thienyl, hiophenyl, benzothiopyranyl, riazolyl, benzoxazolyl, carbazolyl, carbolinyl, chromenyl, cinnolinyl, l, furazanyl, furopyridinyl, furyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, indolidinyl, indolizinyl, isobenzofuranyl, olyl, isoxazolyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, naphthylidinyl, naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, phenoxazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenazinyl, phenoxathiynyl, thianthrenyl, phenathridinyl, phenathrolinyl, phthalazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyrazyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrimidyl, yl, quinazolinyl, inyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolyl, l, triazinyl, (l,2,3,)— and (l,2,4)—triazolyl and the like, and their oxides where appropriate, such as for example pyridyl—N—oxide.
As used herein, the phrase “substituted aryl” refers to a aryl group, as defined herein, in which one or more (up to about five, preferably up to about three) hydrogen atoms is replaced by a tuent independently selected from the group defined herein.
As used herein, the phrase “leaving group” refers to a group with the meaning conventionally associated with it in synthetic organic chemistry, i.e., an atom or group displaceable under substitution reaction conditions. Examples of g groups include, but are not limited to, halogen, alkane— or arylenesulfonyloxy, such as methanesulfonyloxy, ethanesulfonyloxy, thiomethyl, benzenesulfonyloxy, tosyl/ toluenesulfonyloxy, and thienyloxy, phosphinoyloxy, optionally substituted benzyloxy, isopropyloxy, acyloxy, and the like.
In some embodiments, a leaving group can be HC(O)—COOH or RC(O)—COOH, wherein R is a C1-C6 alkyl or substituted C1-C6 alkyl.
The compounds of the invention as described herein may be sized using rd synthetic techniques known to those of skill in the art or using methods known in the art in combination with methods described herein. The starting materials used for the synthesis of the compounds of the invention as described herein, can be obtained from commercial sources, such as Sigma—Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MO), Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA) and Combi—Blocks, Inc. (San Diego, CA), or the starting materials can be synthesized. The compounds described herein, and other related compounds having different substituents can be synthesized using ques and materials known to those of skill in the art, such as described, for example, in Smith, March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry (2013) John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, N.J.; Carey and Sundberg, Advanced c Chemistry 5th ed., Vols. A (2008) and B (2008) Spring Science + Business Media, LLC, New York, NY. and Wuts and Greene, Greene’s Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4th ed. (2007) John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ of which are incorporated by reference in their ty). General methods for the ., (all preparation of compound as disclosed herein may be derived from known reactions in the field, and the reactions may be modified by the use of appropriate reagents and conditions, as would be recognized by the skilled person, for the introduction of the various moieties found in the formulae as provided herein. For example, the compounds described herein can be modified using various electrophiles or nucleophiles to form new functional groups or substituents.
In one aspect, provided is a compound having a structure of formula (A): wherein A and D together with the carbon atoms to which they are ed form a —, 6—, or 7—membered fused ring which may be substituted by C1—C6 —alkyl, C1—C6 —alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino substituted by one or more C1—C6 —alkyl groups, carboxy, acyl, y, amido, carbonamido substituted by C1—C6 —alkyl, sulfonamido or trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; B is boron; R1 and R2 are each independently n or nitrile; X1 is a group —(CR3R4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 , nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; p is l, 2, 3, or 4; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
In one embodiment, the compound is volatile. In another ment, the compound has antimicrobial activity.
In one embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is prepared from a (precursor) compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro—l,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy— 2,l—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the nd of formula (A) is prepared from a (precursor) compound selected from the group ting of 5— benzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— ol; 5—chlorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— ol; benzo[c][l,2]oxaborol—l(3H)—ol; and combinations thereof.
In r embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is B1 R2 $1 B: B/R2 _ _\ / )3 F X1 or X1 In a further embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group ting of F C' F CI | | ‘\ ‘\ O 0 ©:/0 ©:/0—\ F F and combinations , , , , thereof. In another embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of F F | F E}: é/F F and combination thereof. In another ment, the , , compound of formula (A) is I F Additional oxaborole compounds useful for preparing compounds of formula (A) are also disclosed in US. Patent No. 5,880,188, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In another aspect, provided is a mixture or ition comprising the compound of formula (A).
In another aspect, provided is a method of using a compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprising contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an ive amount of the compound having a structure of formula (A): wherein A and D together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a —, 6—, or 7—membered fused ring which may be substituted by C1—C6 —alkyl, C1—C6 y, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino substituted by one or more C1—C6 —alkyl , carboxy, acyl, aryloxy, carbonamido, carbonamido substituted by C1—C6 , sulfonamido or WO 30658 trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; B is boron; R1 and R2 are each independently halogen or nitrile; X1 is a group —(CR3R4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; p is l, 2, 3, or 4; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
In one embodiment, the compound is volatile. In another embodiment, the nd is a fungicide. In r embodiment, the contacting comprises direct contact or contact as a volatile compound, i.e., via direct contact or via volatile activity. In a further embodiment, the contacting comprises application of a liquid formulation.
In one embodiment, the method of using a volatile compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprises (a) providing a compound of formula (A) in gaseous form; and (b) contacting a meat, plant, or plant part with an effective amount of the compound of a (A) in gaseous form.
In another embodiment, the method of using a volatile compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprises (a) placing a meat, plant, or plant part in a container; and (b) ucing into the ner and in contact with the meat, plant, or plant part an effective amount of the compound of formula (A) in gaseous form.
In another embodiment, the method of using a volatile compound t pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprises contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an here comprising an effective amount of the compound of formula (A) in gaseous form.
In one ment, the compound of formula (A) is prepared from a (precursor) compound ed from the group ting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro—l,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy— nzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is prepared from a (precursor) compound selected from the group ting of 5— fluorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; 5—chlorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; benzo[c][l,2]oxaborol—l(3H)—ol; and combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is IIR/ R21 I? 1 R2 £19) 8/ / _\o F X1 or X1 In a further embodiment, the compound of a (A) is selected from the group consisting of F C' F CI | | ‘\ ‘\ o o ©:/o ©:/o—\ F F and combinations , , , , thereof. In another ment, the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of F F | F E}: é/F F and ation f. In another ment, the 9 , compound of formula (A) is I F In another embodiment, the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Acremonium spp., Albugo spp., Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Aspergillus spp., Botryodiplodia spp., Botryospheria spp., Botrytis spp., Byssochlamys spp., Candida spp., Cephalosporium spp., Ceratocystis spp., Cercospora spp., Chalara spp., Cladosporium spp., Colletotrichum spp., Cryptosporiopsis spp., rocarpon spp., Debaryomyces spp., Diaporthe spp., Didymella spp., Diplodia spp., Dothiorella spp., Elsinoe spp., Fusarium spp., Geotrichum spp., Gloeosporium spp., Glomerella spp., Helminthosporium spp., Khuskia spp., Lasiodiplodia spp., Macrophoma spp., Macrophomina spp., Microdochium spp., nia spp., Monilochaethes spp., Mucor spp., Mycocentrospora spp., haerella spp., a spp., Neofabraea spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., Peronophythora spp., Peronospora spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., Pezicula spp., Phacidiopycnis spp., Phoma spp., Phomopsis spp., Phyllosticta spp., Phytophthora spp., Polyscytalum spp., Pseudocercospora spp., Pyricularia spp., Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Rhizopus spp., Sclerotium spp., Sclerotinia spp., Septoria spp., Sphacelama spp., Sphaeropsis spp., Stemphyllium spp., Stilbella spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Thyronectria spp., Trachysphaera spp., Uromyces spp., Ustilago spp., Venturia spp., and Verticillium spp.
In another embodiment, the en is selected from the group consisting of Bacillus spp., obacter spp., Clavibacter spp., Clostridium spp., Erwinia spp., Escherichia spp., Lactobacillas spp., Leaconostoc spp., Listeria spp., Pantoea spp., Pectobacteriam spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ralstonia spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Xanthomonas spp., and Yersinia spp. In another embodiment, the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Cryptosporidiam spp. and Giardia spp.
In another embodiment, the meats, plants, or plant parts are ed from the group ting of corn, wheat, cotton, rice, soybean, and canola. In r embodiment, the plants are ed from the group ting of banana, pineapple, citrus, grapes, watermelon, cantaloupe, muskmelon, and other , apple, peach, pear, cherry, kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, guava, papaya, persimmon, pomegranate, avocado, fig, citrus, and berries (including strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, currants and other types of berries).
In another embodiment, the method comprises a pre—harvest treatment or post— harvest treatment. In a further embodiment, the pre—harvest treatment is selected from the group consisting of seed treatment and transplant treatment. In another embodiment, the post— harvest treatment is ed from the group consisting of treatment during field packing, treatment during grading and sorting, treatment during palletization, in—box treatment, in— packaging treatment (e.g., in clamshell or similar), treatment during transportation (in transport trailer, marine container, airplane cargo, train car, or r), and ent during storage and/or hout distribution network.
In another embodiment, the post—harvest treatment is performed in an enclosure. In a further embodiment, the enclosure is selected from the group consisting of a e, a box, a wrapped pallet, a sea container, a building, a room, and combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, the plants or plant parts comprise enic plants or transgenic plant parts. In another embodiment, the plants or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of barley, /oilseed rape, coffee, com/maize, cotton, flax, grapeVine, hops, mustard, nuts, oat, poppy, rice, rubber plant, rye, sunflower, sorghum, n, sugarcane, tea, tobacco, and wheat. In another embodiment, the plants or plant parts are selected from the group ting of com/maize, wheat, cotton, rice, soybean, and canola/oilseed rape. In another embodiment, the plants are selected from the group consisting of banana, pineapple, citrus, grapes, watermelon, cantaloupe, muskmelon, and other melons, apple, peach, pear, cherry, kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, guava, papaya, persimmon, pomegranate, o, fig, citrus, and berries (including strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, currants and other types of berries).
In another ment, the plants or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of flowers, fruit, vegetables, nursery, turf and ornamental crops. In a further embodiment, the fruit is selected from the group consisting of almond, apple, avocado, , berries (including erry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, currents and other types of berries), carambola, cherry, citrus ding oranges, lemon, lime, in, grapefruit, and other citrus), coconut, fig, grapes, guava, kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, melons (including cantaloupe, lon, watermelon, and other melons), olive, papaya, nfruit, peach, pear, persimmon, pineapple, plum, and pomegranate. In a further embodiment, the vegetable is selected from the group consisting of asparagus, beet (for example sugar beet and fodder beet), beans, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cassava, cauliflower, celery, cucumber, eggplant, garlic, gherkin, leafy greens (lettuce, kale, spinach, and other leafy greens), leek, lentils, mushroom, onion, peas, pepper (for example sweet pepper, bell pepper, and hot pepper), potato, pumpkin, sweet potato, snap bean, squash, and tomato. In another embodiment, the nursery plant or flower or flower part is selected from the group consisting of baby’s , carnation, dahlia, daffodil, um, gerbera, lily, orchid, peony, Queen Anne’s lace, rose, snapdragon, or other cut—flowers or ornamental flowers, potted flowers, flower bulbs, shrub, deciduous or coniferous tree. In a further ment, the meat is selected from the group of beef, bison, chicken, deer, goat, turkey, pork, sheep, fish, shellfish, mollusks, or dry—cured meat products.
In one ment, the contacting ses applying the compound by ways selected from the group consisting of spray, mist, thermal or non—thermal fogging, drench, gas treatment, incorporation into a wax coating, and combinations thereof. In a further embodiment, the gas treatment is selected from the group consisting of release from a sachet, release from a synthetic or natural film, fibrous material, and/or release from liner or other ing materials, release from powder, release from a leasing generator, release using a compressed or non—compressed gas cylinder, release from a droplet inside a box, wax g, and combinations thereof.
In one , provided is a compound having a structure of formula (B): R7 {EEK(n) I ,O / X2 wherein R5 and R6 are each independently halogen or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, alkyne, haloalkyl, haloalkene, haloalkyne, alkoxy, alkeneoxy, koxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkene, heteroarylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, alcohol, sufide, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfoximine, sulfilimine, sulfonamide, sulfate, sulfonate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carbamate, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, carbonate, y, or heteroaryloxy; n =1, 2, 3, or 4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)m Where m = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is defined herein; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
In one embodiment, the compound is le. In another embodiment, the compound has antimicrobial activity.
In one embodiment, each R7 is independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, e, nitro, aryl, or arylalkyl. In another embodiment, X2 = (CR8R9)q wherein q = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R8 and R9 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R8 and R9 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring.
In one embodiment, the compound of a (B) is prepared from a (precursor) nd selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; ro—l,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy— nzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. In r embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is prepared from a (precursor) compound selected from the group consisting of 5— fluorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; 5—chlorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; benzo[c][l,2]oxaborol—l(3H)—ol; and combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is II25 5 R6 FE R6 /©:B< B/ O _\O / / F X2 or x2 In a further embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is selected from the group ting of F C' F CI | | ‘\ ‘\ o o ©:/o ©:/o—\ F F and combinations , , , , thereof. In another embodiment, the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of i F /F I F 1L0B B/ -\ (>90 F and ation thereof. In another embodiment, the 9 , compound of formula (A) is T F moB’—\ F Additional oxaborole compounds useful for preparing compounds of formula (A) are also disclosed in US. Patent No. 8,039,450, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In another , provided is a mixture or composition sing the compound of formula (B).
In another aspect, provided is a method of using a compound against pathogens affecting meats, , or plant parts, comprising contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an effective amount of the compound having a structure of formula (B): R7 a(n) I ,O / X2 wherein R5 and R6 are each independently halogen or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, alkyne, haloalkyl, haloalkene, haloalkyne, alkoxy, alkeneoxy, koxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkene, arylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, l, sufide, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfoximine, sulfilimine, sulfonamide, sulfate, sulfonate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, ylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carbamate, rbamate, urea, thiourea, carbonate, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy; n =1, 2, 3, or 4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)m Where m = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is d herein; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
In one embodiment, the nd is volatile. In another embodiment, the compound is a fungicide. In another embodiment, the contacting comprises direct contact or contact as a volatile compound, i.e., via direct contact or via volatile activity. In a further embodiment, the contacting ses application of a liquid formulation.
In one embodiment, the method of using a le compound against pathogens affecting meats, , or plant parts, comprises (a) providing a compound of formula (B) in gaseous form; and (b) contacting a meat, plant, or plant part with an effective amount of the compound of formula (B) in gaseous form.
In another embodiment, the method of using a le compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprises (a) g a meat, plant, or plant part in a container; and (b) introducing into the container and in contact with the meat, plant, or plant part an effective amount of the compound of formula (B) in gaseous form.
In another ment, the method of using a volatile compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprises contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an here comprising an effective amount of the compound of formula (B) in gaseous form.
In one embodiment, each R7 is independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, or arylalkyl. In r ment, X2 = (CR8R9)q wherein q = l, 2, 3, or 4; and R8 and R9 are each independently hydrogen, C1—C6 —alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R8 and R9 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring.
In one embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is prepared from a (precursor) compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l— benzoxaborole; 5—chloro—l,3—dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy— 2,1—benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. In r embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is prepared from a (precursor) compound ed from the group consisting of 5— fluorobenzo[c] [ l borol— ol; 5—chlorobenzo[c] [ l ,2]oxaborol— l(3H)—ol; benzo[c][l,2]oxaborol—l(3H)—ol; and combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is II25 5 R6 FE R6 /©:B< B/ O _\O / / F X2 or x2 In a further embodiment, the compound of formula (B) is selected from the group consisting of F C' F CI | | ‘\ ‘\ o o ©:/o ©:/o—\ F F and combinations , , , , thereof. In another ment, the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of 2016/017326 11/0B B F (330 and combination thereof. In r embodiment, the , , ] In another embodiment, the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Acremonium spp., Albugo spp., Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Aspergillus spp., Botryodiplodia spp., Botryospheria spp., Botrytis spp., Byssochlamys spp., Candida spp., Cephalosporium spp., Ceratocystis spp., Cercospora spp., Chalara spp., Cladosporiam spp., Colletotrichum spp., Cryptosporiopsis spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Debaryomyces spp., Diaporthe spp., Didymella spp., ia spp., Dothiorella spp., Elsinoe spp., Fusariam spp., Geotrichum spp., Gloeosporium spp., ella spp., Helminthosporium spp., Khuskia spp., Lasiodiplodia spp., Macrophoma spp., homina spp., Microdochiam spp., Monilinia spp., Monilochaethes spp., Mucor spp., Mycocentrospora spp., Mycosphaerella spp., Nectria spp., Neofabraea spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., Peronophythora spp., Peronospora spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., Pezicula spp., Phacidiopycnis spp., Phoma spp., Phomopsis spp., Phyllosticta spp., Phytophthora spp., ytalam spp., Pseudocercospora spp., Pyricularia spp., Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Rhizopus spp., Sclerotium spp., Sclerotinia spp., Septoria spp., Sphaceloma spp., Sphaeropsis spp., Stemphyllium spp., Stilbella spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Thyronectria spp., Trachysphaera spp., Uromyces spp., Ustilago spp., Venturia spp., and Verticillium spp.
In another embodiment, the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Bacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., Clavibacter spp., Clostridium spp., Erwinia spp., Escherichia spp., Lactobacillus spp., ostoc spp., Listeria spp., Pantoea spp., Pectobacterium spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ralstonia spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Xanthomonas spp., and Yersinia spp. In another ment, the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Cryptosporidiam spp. and Giardia spp.
In another ment, the meats, plants, or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of corn, Wheat, , rice, n, and canola. In another embodiment, the plants are selected from the group consisting of banana, pineapple, citrus, grapes, watermelon, cantaloupe, muskmelon, and other melons, apple, peach, pear, cherry, kiwifruit, mango, ine, guava, papaya, persimmon, pomegranate, avocado, fig, citrus, and berries (including strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, ts and other types of berries).
In another embodiment, the method comprises a pre—harvest treatment or post— harvest treatment. In a further embodiment, the pre—harvest ent is ed from the group consisting of seed treatment and transplant treatment. In another embodiment, the post— harvest treatment is selected from the group ting of treatment during field packing, treatment during grading and sorting, treatment during ization, in—box treatment, in— packaging treatment (6. g., in clamshell or similar), ent during transportation (in transport r, marine container, airplane cargo, train car, or similar), and treatment during storage and/or throughout distribution network.
In another embodiment, the post—harvest treatment is performed in an enclosure. In a further embodiment, the enclosure is selected from the group consisting of a package, a box, a d pallet, a sea container, a ng, a room, and combinations thereof.
In another ment, the plants or plant parts se transgenic plants or transgenic plant parts. In another embodiment, the plants or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of barley, /oilseed rape, coffee, com/maize, cotton, flax, grapevine, hops, mustard, nuts, oat, poppy, rice, rubber plant, rye, sunflower, sorghum, soybean, sugarcane, tea, tobacco, and wheat. In another embodiment, the plants or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of com/maize, wheat, cotton, rice, n, and canola/oilseed rape. In another embodiment, the plants are selected from the group consisting of banana, pineapple, citrus, grapes, elon, cantaloupe, muskmelon, and other melons, apple, peach, pear, , kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, guava, papaya, persimmon, pomegranate, avocado, fig, , and berries (including strawberry, rry, raspberry, blackberry, currants and other types of berries).
In another embodiment, the plants or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of flowers, fruit, vegetables, nursery, turf and ornamental crops. In a further embodiment, the fruit is selected from the group consisting of almond, apple, avocado, banana, berries (including strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, currents and other types of berries), carambola, cherry, citrus (including oranges, lemon, lime, mandarin, grapefruit, and other citrus), coconut, fig, grapes, guava, kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, melons (including cantaloupe, muskmelon, watermelon, and other melons), olive, papaya, passionfruit, peach, pear, persimmon, pineapple, plum, and pomegranate. In a further embodiment, the vegetable is selected from the group consisting of asparagus, beet (for example sugar beet and fodder beet), beans, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cassava, cauliflower, celery, cucumber, eggplant, garlic, gherkin, leafy greens (lettuce, kale, h, and other leafy greens), leek, lentils, om, onion, peas, pepper (for example sweet pepper, bell pepper, and hot pepper), potato, pumpkin, sweet potato, snap bean, squash, and tomato. In another embodiment, the nursery plant or flower or flower part is selected from the group consisting of baby’s breath, carnation, , daffodil, um, gerbera, lily, orchid, peony, Queen Anne’s lace, rose, snapdragon, or other cut—flowers or ornamental flowers, potted flowers, flower bulbs, shrub, deciduous or coniferous tree. In a further embodiment, the meat is ed from the group of beef, bison, chicken, deer, goat, , pork, sheep, fish, ish, ks, or red meat products.
In one embodiment, the contacting comprises applying the compound by ways selected from the group consisting of spray, mist, thermal or non—thermal fogging, drench, gas treatment, incorporation into a wax coating, and combinations thereof. In a r embodiment, the gas treatment is ed from the group consisting of release from a sachet, e from a synthetic or natural film, fibrous material, and/or release from liner or other packaging als, release from powder, release from a gas—releasing generator, release using a compressed or non—compressed gas cylinder, release from a droplet inside a box, wax coating, and ations thereof.
In another , provided is a method of preparing a compound. The method comprises mixing at least one oxaborole compound with at least one reactant comprising or introducing a halogen or nitrile group to generate compound of formula (A) or (B).
In one embodiment, the mixing is performed in presence of a solvent. In a further embodiment, the solvent comprises water, acetone, toluene, hexane, or ations f.
In another ment, the mixing is performed in presence of at least one catalyst. In a further embodiment, the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of amine, phosphine, heterocyclic en, ammonium, phosphonium, arsonium, sulfonium moieties, and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of a phosphonium compound, an ammonium compound, chromium salts, amino compounds and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of 2—methyl ole, 2—phenyl imidazole, an imidazole derivative, 1,8— diazabicyclo[5.4.0] undec—7—ene (DBU), and combinations thereof.
In another embodiment, the method further comprises evaporating the solvent by heating. In a further embodiment, the heating is performed at a temperature between 110 OC and 125 OC; between 100 OC and 150 0C; or between 80 OC and 200 0C.
In another embodiment, the at least one oxaborole compound comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of 5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—l—hydroxy—2,l—benzoxaborole; 5— chloro— l ,3—dihydro— l —hydroxy—2, l—benzoxaborole; 1,3 —dihydro— l—hydroxy—2, l —benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the at least one reactant ses potassium hydrogen difluoride.
Meats, plants, or plant parts may be treated in the practice of the present invention.
One example is treatment of whole plants; another example is treatment of whole plants while they are planted in soil, prior to the harvesting of useful plant parts.
Any plants that provide useful plant parts may be treated in the practice of the present invention. Examples include plants that e flowers, fruits, vegetables, and grains.
As used herein, the phrase “plant” includes dicotyledonous plants and monocotyledonous plants. Examples of dicotyledonous plants include tobacco, opsis, soybean, tomato, , , sunflower, cotton, alfalfa, potato, grapevine, pigeon pea, pea, Brassica, chickpea, sugar beet, rapeseed, watermelon, melon, pepper, peanut, pumpkin, radish, spinach, squash, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, celery, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, eggplant, and lettuce. Examples of monocotyledonous plants include corn, rice, wheat, ane, barley, rye, sorghum, orchids, bamboo, banana, cattails, , oat, onion, millet, and triticale. Examples of fruit e banana, pineapple, oranges, grapes, grapefruit, watermelon, melon, apples, peaches, pears, kiwifruit, mango, nectarines, guava, mon, avocado, lemon, fig, and berries. Examples of flowers include baby’s breath, carnation, dahlia, daffodil, geranium, gerbera, lily, orchid, peony, Queen Anne’s lace, rose, snapdragon, or other cut— flowers or ornamental , potted—flowers, and flower bulbs.
Those skilled in the art would understand certain variation can exist based on the disclosure provided. Thus, the following examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the invention and shall not be construed as being a tion on the scope of the invention or claims.
EXAMPLES Example 1 — Preparation of Sample 1 Aqueous potassium hydrogen difluoride solution (Sigma—Aldrich Chemical, 3.0 Molar (M) solution; 4.01 grams (g)) is added to l—hydroxy—5—fluoro—l,3—dihydro—2,l— benzoxaborole (1.6 g,lO.54 oles (mmol)) dissolved in acetone (5 g). The mixture is mixed for 30 minutes (min), whereupon the acetone is removed by rotary evaporation, and the water is removed by azeotropic lation with toluene using a Dean—Stark trap. The ing solid suspension is filtered, washed with diethyl ether and air dried to give the desired difluoroboronate salt, potassium l,l,5—trifluoro—l,3—dihydro—2,l—benzoxaborolate salt (2.02 g, 95%). NMR spectra are consistent with the proposed structure.
KHFz 3' B'gF K.
Example 2 — In Vitro Analysis ] A 12—well microtiter plate (6.5 milliliter (mL) volume per well) is used for the in vitro inhibition assay for volatile antimicrobial compound of Sample 1 (see Example 1) against two plant fungal pathogens. A 3—mL volume of half—strength Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) is added to each well. After cooling, 1 microliter (uL) of 1 x 105 spores per mL of is cinerea (B. cinerea) or Penicillium expansum (P. expansum) suspension is spotted to the center of the agar. A Whatman #1 filter disk (Cat. No. 155) is placed, in duplicate, on the underside of a polyethylene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) plate sealing film.
Table 1. Concentration (MIC) and EC50 (mg/L) of Sample 1 applied as a volatile fungicide against two fungal plant pathogens. tration (mg/L) B. cinerea P. expansum .7 100 100 17.9 100 100 8.9 100 100 4.5 100 100 2.2 100 73 1.1 100 56.2 0.6 64.8 12.9 0.3 0 -8.2 0.1 0 —3.3 0.07 0 -1.9 0.03 0 -2.7 MIC 1.1 4.5 EC50 0.5 1.2 For determination of the m inhibitory tration (MIC), the test compound is diluted in acetone, and the appropriate amount of compound added to disks in a dose dependent manner to achieve a final headspace concentration of 35.7 to 0.03 milligrams per liter (mg/L). The e is permitted to evaporate for 5 min. The headspace around the inoculum is then sealed inside the well by the film with the adhering disk containing the fungicide. The plates are inverted, placed over the treated disks and sealed to prevent any of the chemical from flaking from the disk and falling onto the inoculated agar. After 3 days (d) of storage at 23 OC, cultures are evaluated for percent growth relative to control. Results are summarized in Table 1 g the ability of benzoxaborole nd of Sample 1 to control the growth of two fungal plant pathogens through volatile activity.
Example 3 — In Vivo Analysis Using Fruits To assess the in vivo activity of volatile antimicrobial compound of Sample 1 (see Example 1) in fruit, a volatile bioassay is developed using apple, pear, orange, strawberry, grape and blueberry. Two , two oranges, two pears, eight strawberries, sixteen grapes or thirty rries (per rep, in duplicate) are placed in a clamshell with the stem end facing up for all fruits except for strawberry (stem end facing downwards). A fresh wound is inoculated with 20 uL l x 106 per mL Penicillium expansum (P. expansum) spore suspension (apple and pear), 20 uL l x 106 per mL Penicillium digitatum (P. digitatum)spore suspension (orange), and uL (strawberry and grape) or 10 uL (blueberry) of l x 105 per mL Botrytis cinerea (B. a) spore suspension. The clamshells are placed inside a 117 L Rubbermaid storage box (Cat #2244), and the lids closed.
Sample 1, prepared ing to Example 1 and dissolved in acetone, is pipetted onto a cotton strip, where the acetone is allowed to evaporate for 5 min, and then introduced into the container by a sublimation device (copper tube heated to 200 °C with fan flow at 0.5 liters per minute (L/min)) to achieve a final headspace concentration of 10 mg/L). The containers are then held for 3 d at 21 0C. After treatment, the fruits are held for an additional 3 d at 21 0C, then evaluated for disease incidence (millimeter (mm) diameter of browning or water—soaked lesions) and pathogen sporulation (mm diameter) for apple, pear and orange, as well as Botrytis cinerea disease incidence (%) and severity (0 to 4) for strawberry, grape and rry. Results are summarized in Table 2 showing good in vivo antimicrobial l of three fungal pathogens on six different hosts when d as a volatile fungicide. Results are also depicted in Fig. l. 2016/017326 Table 2: Effects of subliming Sample 1 as ed by incidence and severity of B.cinerea on strawberry, grape and blueberry, and severity of Penicillium spp. on oranges, apples and pears as depicted by water soaked lesions, browning and sporulation after a 3 day ent plus an additional 3 days at 21 0C.
Incidence (%) Severity (0—4) Treatments Strawberry Blueberry Grape Strawberry Blueberry Grape Sample 1 6.3 5.0 23.3 0.03 0.06 0.12 Control 100.0 100.0 80.0 3.63 2.18 0.88 Water soaked 16510“ (mm) Browning (mm) Sporulation (mm) Orange Apple Pear Apple Orange Pear Sample 1 12.7 4.8 5.3 7.3 0.0 4.3 Control 50.5 11.5 23.3 33.2 4.8 12.5 1003182315

Claims (41)

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A compound having a structure of formula (A): wherein A and D together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered fused ring which may be substituted by C1-C6 -alkyl, C1-C6 -alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino tuted by one or more C1-C6 -alkyl groups, carboxy, acyl, aryloxy, carbonamido, carbonamido substituted by C1-C6 -alkyl, sulfonamido or trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; R1 and R2 are each independently halogen or nitrile; X1 is a group –(CR3R4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C6 - alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; p is 1, 2, 3, or 4; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is volatile.
3. The nd of claim 1 or 2, wherein the compound has antimicrobial ty.
4. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nd is prepared from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5-fluoro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1- benzoxaborole; ro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; 1,3-dihydro hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; and combinations f.
5. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the compound of formula (A) is 1003182315 or .
6. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of , , , , and combinations thereof.
7. A mixture or composition comprising the compound of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. A method of using a compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprising contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an effective amount of the compound having a structure of formula (A): A and D together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered fused ring which may be substituted by C1-C6 -alkyl, C1-C6 -alkoxy, hydroxy, n, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino substituted by one or more C1-C6 -alkyl groups, carboxy, acyl, aryloxy, amido, carbonamido substituted by C1-C6 -alkyl, sulfonamido or trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; R1 and R2 are each ndently halogen or nitrile; X1 is a group –(CR3R4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each ndently hydrogen, C1-C6 - alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; p is 1, 2, 3, or 4; 1003182315 and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the compound is le.
10. The method of claim 8 or claim 9, n the compound is a fungicide.
11. The method of any one of claims 8 to 10, n the compound is prepared from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5-fluoro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1- benzoxaborole; 5-chloro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; hydro hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; and combinations f.
12. The method of any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the compound of formula (A) is or .
13. The method of any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the compound of formula (A) is selected from the group consisting of , , , , and combinations thereof.
14. The method of any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Acremonium spp., Albugo spp., Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Aspergillus spp., diplodia spp., Botryospheria spp., Botrytis spp., Byssochlamys spp., Candida spp., Cephalosporium spp., Ceratocystis spp., Cercospora spp., Chalara spp., Cladosporium spp., Colletotrichum spp., Cryptosporiopsis spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Debaryomyces spp., Diaporthe spp., Didymella spp., Diplodia spp., Dothiorella spp., Elsinoe spp., Fusarium spp., Geotrichum spp., Gloeosporium spp., Glomerella spp., 1003182315 thosporium spp., Khuskia spp., Lasiodiplodia spp., Macrophoma spp., Macrophomina spp., Microdochium spp., Monilinia spp., Monilochaethes spp., Mucor spp., Mycocentrospora spp., Mycosphaerella spp., Nectria spp., Neofabraea spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., phythora spp., spora spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., Pezicula spp., Phacidiopycnis spp., Phoma spp., Phomopsis spp., Phyllosticta spp., Phytophthora spp., Polyscytalum spp., Pseudocercospora spp., Pyricularia spp., Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Rhizopus spp., Sclerotium spp., Sclerotinia spp., Septoria spp., Sphaceloma spp., Sphaeropsis spp., Stemphyllium spp., Stilbella spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Thyronectria spp., Trachysphaera spp., Uromyces spp., Ustilago spp., Venturia spp., and Verticillium spp.
15. The method of any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Bacillus spp., obacter spp., Clavibacter spp., Clostridium spp., a spp., Escherichia spp., Lactobacillus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Listeria spp., Pantoea spp., Pectobacterium spp., monas spp., Ralstonia spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Xanthomonas spp., Yersinia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp.
16. The method of any one of claims 8 to 15, n the meats, plants, or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of corn, wheat, cotton, rice, soybean, and canola.
17. The method of any one of claims 8 to 15, wherein the plants are selected from the group consisting of banana, pineapple, citrus, grapes, watermelon, cantaloupe, muskmelon, and other melons, apple, peach, pear, , kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, guava, papaya, persimmon, anate, avocado, fig, citrus, and berries.
18. A compound having a structure of formula (B): wherein 1003182315 R5 and R6 are each independently halogen or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, , haloalkyl, haloalkene, haloalkyne, alkoxy, alkeneoxy, haloalkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkene, heteroarylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, alcohol, , sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfoximine, imine, sulfonamide, sulfate, ate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carbamate, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, carbonate, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy; n = 1, 2, 3, or 4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)m where m = 1, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is defined ; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
19. The compound of claim 18, wherein the compound is volatile.
20. The compound of claim 18 or 19, wherein the compound has antimicrobial activity.
21. The nd of any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the compound is prepared from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5-fluoro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1- benzoxaborole; 5-chloro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; 1,3-dihydro hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof.
22. The compound of any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the compound of formula (B) is or X2 .
23. The compound of any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein the compound of a (B) is selected from the group consisting of 1003182315 , , , , and combinations thereof.
24. A mixture or composition sing the compound of any one of claims 18 to 23.
25. A method of using a compound against pathogens affecting meats, plants, or plant parts, comprising contacting the meats, plants, or plant parts with an effective amount of the compound having a structure of formula (B): wherein R5 and R6 are each independently n or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, alkyne, haloalkyl, haloalkene, haloalkyne, , alkeneoxy, haloalkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, arylalkene, heteroarylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, alcohol, sufide, sulfoxide, e, sulfoximine, sulfilimine, sulfonamide, sulfate, sulfonate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carbamate, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, carbonate, y, or heteroaryloxy; n = 1, 2, 3, or 4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)m where m = 1, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is defined herein; and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the compound is le.
27. The method of claim 25 or 26, wherein the compound is a fungicide. 1003182315
28. The method of any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the compound is prepared from a compound selected from the group consisting of 5-fluoro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1- benzoxaborole; 5-chloro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; 1,3-dihydro hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof.
29. The method of any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the compound of formula (B) is or X2 .
30. The method of any one of claims 25 to 29, wherein the compound of formula (B) is selected from the group consisting of , , , , and combinations thereof.
31. The method of any one of claims 25 to 30, wherein the pathogen is ed from the group consisting of Acremonium spp., Albugo spp., Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Aspergillus spp., diplodia spp., Botryospheria spp., Botrytis spp., Byssochlamys spp., Candida spp., osporium spp., cystis spp., Cercospora spp., Chalara spp., Cladosporium spp., Colletotrichum spp., sporiopsis spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Debaryomyces spp., Diaporthe spp., Didymella spp., Diplodia spp., Dothiorella spp., Elsinoe spp., Fusarium spp., Geotrichum spp., porium spp., Glomerella spp., Helminthosporium spp., Khuskia spp., Lasiodiplodia spp., Macrophoma spp., Macrophomina spp., Microdochium spp., Monilinia spp., Monilochaethes spp., Mucor spp., Mycocentrospora spp., Mycosphaerella spp., Nectria spp., Neofabraea spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., phythora spp., Peronospora spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., Pezicula spp., Phacidiopycnis spp., Phoma spp., Phomopsis spp., Phyllosticta spp., 1003182315 Phytophthora spp., ytalum spp., Pseudocercospora spp., Pyricularia spp., Pythium spp., tonia spp., Rhizopus spp., Sclerotium spp., Sclerotinia spp., Septoria spp., Sphaceloma spp., Sphaeropsis spp., Stemphyllium spp., lla spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Thyronectria spp., Trachysphaera spp., Uromyces spp., Ustilago spp., Venturia spp., and Verticillium spp.
32. The method of any one of claims 25 to 30, wherein the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of Bacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., Clavibacter spp., Clostridium spp., Erwinia spp., Escherichia spp., Lactobacillus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Listeria spp., Pantoea spp., Pectobacterium spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ralstonia spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Xanthomonas spp., Yersinia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp.
33. The method of any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein the meats, plants, or plant parts are selected from the group consisting of corn, wheat, cotton, rice, soybean, and canola.
34. The method of claim 25 to 32, wherein the plants are selected from the group consisting of banana, pineapple, citrus, grapes, watermelon, cantaloupe, lon, and other melons, apple, peach, pear, cherry, kiwifruit, mango, nectarine, guava, papaya, persimmon, anate, o, fig, citrus, and berries.
35. A method of preparing a compound sing mixing at least one oxaborole compound with at least one reactant introducing a n or nitrile group to generate a compound of formula (A): wherein A and D er with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered fused ring which may be substituted by C1-C6 -alkyl, C1-C6 -alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, nitrile, amino, amino substituted by one or more C1-C6 -alkyl groups, 1003182315 carboxy, acyl, aryloxy, carbonamido, carbonamido substituted by C1-C6 -alkyl, sulfonamido or trifluoromethyl or the fused ring may link two oxaborole rings; R1 and R2 are each independently halogen or nitrile; X1 is a group –(CR3R4)p wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C6 - alkyl, nitrile, nitro, aryl, arylalkyl or R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an alicyclic ring; p is 1, 2, 3, or 4; or a compound of formula (B): wherein R5 and R6 are each independently halogen or nitrile; each R7 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkene, alkyne, haloalkyl, haloalkene, kyne, alkoxy, alkeneoxy, koxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, kene, arylalkyne, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkene, heteroarylalkyne, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, amine, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, l, sufide, sulfoxide, e, sulfoximine, imine, sulfonamide, sulfate, sulfonate, nitroalkyl, amide, oxime, imine, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carbamate, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, carbonate, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy; n = 1, 2, 3, or 4; B is boron; X2 = (CR72)m where m = 1, 2, 3, or 4; and R7 is d herein.
36. The method of claim 35, wherein the mixing is med in presence of a solvent.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein the solvent comprises water, acetone, toluene, hexane, or combinations thereof.
38. The method of claim 35 or 36, further comprises evaporating the solvent by heating. 1003182315
39. The method of claim 38, wherein the heating is performed at a temperature between 80 oC and 200 oC.
40. The method of any one of claims 35 to 39, wherein the at least one oxaborole nd comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of 5-fluoro-1,3-dihydro y-2,1-benzoxaborole; 5-chloro-1,3-dihydrohydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; 1,3- dihydrohydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborole; and combinations thereof.
41. The method of any one of claims 35 to 40, wherein the at least one reactant comprises potassium hydrogen difluoride. WO 30658 Strawberries Blueberries Apples Oranges Pears Compound lSl lOrngll. Control SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
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