NZ732979A - Crime forecasting system - Google Patents
Crime forecasting systemInfo
- Publication number
- NZ732979A NZ732979A NZ732979A NZ73297915A NZ732979A NZ 732979 A NZ732979 A NZ 732979A NZ 732979 A NZ732979 A NZ 732979A NZ 73297915 A NZ73297915 A NZ 73297915A NZ 732979 A NZ732979 A NZ 732979A
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- crime
- data
- forecast
- forecasting system
- user
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Historical crime data gives individuals and business owners a general idea of whether neighborhoods are relatively safe and enables law enforcement agencies to more effectively deploy resources. However, current crime analysis systems do not provide crime forecasts based on real-time data (such as forecasted weather conditions or future events). Additionally, crime analysis systems do not provide crime forecasts for the real-time location of a user device. Accordingly, there is provided a crime forecasting system and method that stores crime data and weather data and determines a crime forecast by adjusting an historical crime rate based on a correlation between a forecasted weather condition and the crime data. The crime forecasting system and method may further output an alert in response to a determination that the crime forecast for the location of the user meets or exceeds a crime forecast threshold stored in a user profile. forecasted weather conditions or future events). Additionally, crime analysis systems do not provide crime forecasts for the real-time location of a user device. Accordingly, there is provided a crime forecasting system and method that stores crime data and weather data and determines a crime forecast by adjusting an historical crime rate based on a correlation between a forecasted weather condition and the crime data. The crime forecasting system and method may further output an alert in response to a determination that the crime forecast for the location of the user meets or exceeds a crime forecast threshold stored in a user profile.
Description
CRIME FORECASTING SYSTEM
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims priority to US. Provisional Patent Application
No. 62/096,631, filed December 24, 2014, the entire contents of which are hereby
incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND
Current crime analysis systems can provide law enforcement agencies
with historical crime data, thereby ng law enforcement officers to deploy
resources based on past criminal activity. Current crime analysis systems,
however, do not determine correlations between past crimes and weather
conditions (or previous events) and provide crime forecasts based on real-time
data such as forecasted weather conditions (or future events).
Current crime statistics provide duals and business owners with a
general idea of whether neighborhoods are relatively safe or unsafe. Again,
however, individuals and business owners do not have access to crime forecasts
determined based on correlations between past crime tics and real-time data
such as sted r conditions (or future events).
ingly, there is a need for a crime forecasting system and method
that enables law ement agencies to accurately and effectively deploy
resources, enables individuals to increase situational ess and select a safe
travel route, and allows business owners to anticipate the risk of crime at a
business location.
SUMIVIARY
In order to me these and other antages in the related art,
there is provided a crime forecasting system and method that stores crime data and
weather data and determines a crime forecast by adjusting an historical crime rate
based on a correlation between a forecasted weather condition and the crime data.
The crime forecasting system and method may further store event data and
determine the crime forecast by further adjusting the historical crime rate based on
a correlation between a future event and the crime data.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Aspects of exemplary embodiments may be better tood with
reference to the accompanying drawings. The components in the drawings are not
necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles
of exemplary embodiments.
is a drawing rating a points of interest view of a graphical
user interface output by a crime forecasting system according to an exemplary
embodiment of the present invention;
is an overview of the crime forecasting system according to an
exemplary embodiment of the present ion;
is a block diagram of the crime forecasting system illustrated in
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
is a drawing illustrating a street level view of the graphical user
interface output by the crime forecasting system according to an exemplary
embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 5A and 5B are drawings rating neighborhood views of the
cal user interface output by the crime forecasting system according to an
exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
is a drawing illustrating a travel route view of the graphical user
ace output by the crime forecasting system according to an exemplary
embodiment of the present invention;
is a drawing illustrating a crime alert module and query alert
module output by the crime forecasting system via the graphical user interface
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present ion;
is a drawing illustrating an hourly crime index module and a
daily crime index module output by the crime forecasting system via the cal
user interface according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
is a drawing rating Cast® modules output by the
crime forecasting system via the graphical user interface according to an
exemplary embodiment of the present ion; and
is a flow chart illustrating a process for outputting crime
forecasts according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Reference to the drawings illustrating various views of exemplary
embodiments of the present invention is now made. In the gs and the
description of the drawings , certain terminology is used for convenience
only and is not to be taken as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, in the drawings and the ption below, like numerals indicate
like elements throughout.
illustrates a points of interest View 100 of a graphical user
interface (GUI) output by a crime forecasting system 200 according to an
exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As bed below, the crime
forecasting system 200 may output a crime st for a plurality of user-
identified locations 110 (in this example, points of interest in and around Denver).
illustrates an overview of the crime forecasting system 200.
The crime forecasting system 200 may include one or more servers 210 and one or
more databases 220 connected to a plurality of remote computer s 240,
such as one or more personal systems 250 and one or more mobile computer
systems 260, via one or more networks 230.
The one or more servers 210 may include an internal storage device
212 and a processor 214. The one or more servers 210 may be any suitable
computing device ing, for e, an application server and a web server
which hosts websites accessible by the remote computer systems 240. The one or
more databases 220 may be internal to the server 210, in which case they may be
stored on the internal storage device 212, or they may be external to the server
212, in which case they may be stored on an external non-transitory computer-
readable storage medium, such as an external hard disk array or solid-state
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memory. The one or more databases 220 may be stored on a single device or
multiple devices. The networks 230 may include any combination of the internet,
cellular networks, wide area networks (WAN), local area networks (LAN), etc.
Communication via the networks 230 may be realized by wired and/or ss
connections. A remote computer system 240 may be any suitable onic device
configured to send and/or receive data via the networks 230. A remote computer
system 240 may be, for example, a network-connected computing device such as a
al computer, a notebook computer, a smartphone, a personal digital
assistant (PDA), a tablet, a notebook computer, a portable weather detector, a
global positioning satellite (GPS) receiver, network-connected vehicle, etc. A
personal er systems 250 may include an internal storage device 252, a
processor 254, output devices 256 and input devices 258. The one or more mobile
computer systems 260 may include an al storage device 262, a processor
264, output devices 266 and input devices 268. An internal storage device 212,
252, and/or 262 may be non-transitory computer-readable storage mediums, such
as hard disks or solid-state memory, for storing software instructions that, when
executed by a processor 214, 254, or 264, carry out relevant portions of the
features described herein. A processor 214, 254, and/or 264 may include a central
processing unit (CPU), a cs processing unit (GPU), etc. A processor 214,
254, and 264 may be realized as a single semiconductor chip or more than one
chip. An output device 256 and/or 266 may include a display, speakers, external
ports, etc. A display may be any suitable device configured to output visible light,
such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting polymer displays (LPD), a
light emitting diode (LED), an organic light ng diode (OLED), etc. The
input s 258 and/or 268 may e keyboards, mice, trackballs, still or
video cameras, touchpads, etc. A touchpad may be id or integrated with a
display to form a touch—sensitive display or creen.
The crime forecasting system 200 may be realized by software
instructions stored on one or more of the internal storage devices 212, 252, and/or
262 executed by one or more of the processors 214, 254, or 264.
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FIG, 3 is a block diagram of the crime forecasting system 200
according to an exemplary ment of the t invention. The crime
forecasting system 200 may include a crime tics database 320, a geographic
information system (GIS) 340, a user location database 360, an analysis unit 380,
and a graphical user interface (GUI) 390.
The crime statistics database 320 stores crime data 322. In some
embodiments, the crime statistics database 320 also stores location data 324, event
data 326, and/or weather data 328. The crime statistics database 320 may be any
organized collection of information, whether stored on a single tangible device or
multiple tangible devices. The crime tics database 320 may be ed, for
e, as one of the databases 220 illustrated in
The crime data 322 may include information tive of the location,
time, date, day of the week, type (e.g., assault, burglary, robbery, etc.) of crimes.
The crime data 322 may also include an estimate of the severity of each crime.
The crime locations may be in a format such that the locations of each crime may
be viewed and analyzed by the GIS 340. The crime type may also include
whether the crime was a property crime, an offense against a person, etc. For
property crime, the crime data 322 may also include information regarding the
property (for e, whether the property was a business, a residence, a vehicle,
etc.) For each offense against a person, the crime data 322 may also include
whether the victim knew the assailant or whether the assailant was a stranger. The
crime data 322 may also include demographic information regarding the victim,
such as age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, economic status, etc. The crime data 322
may be updated either via the GUI 390 or by importing additional crime data from
another source.
The location data 324 may include information such as demographic
data, law enforcement boundaries, the locations of community institutions (e.g.,
police station, fire ns, s, churches, hospitals, etc.), the locations of
businesses, etc, The demographic data may be in the form of tapestry
segmentation, which classifies ntial areas as one of 67 distinctive segments
based on the socioeconomic and aphic composition of the residential area.
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Those segments may be d based on common experiences (e.g, born in the
same generation, immigration from another country) or demographic traits. Those
segments may also be grouped based on geographic density (e.g, principal urban
centers, urban periphery, metro cities, suburban periphery, semirural, rural). The
location data 324 may be updated either via the GUI 390 or by importing
additional location data from another source.
The event data 326 stores locations, dates, and times of past events
such as sporting , ts, parades, etc. The events may also include
government transfer payments. The event data 326 may also e the
ons, dates and times of future events. The event data 326 may be updated
either via the GUI 390 or by importing additional event data from another source.
The weather data 328 es information regarding current, historical
(past), and sted (future) weather conditions. The r data 328 may be
received, for example, from AccuWeather, Inc., AccuWeather Enterprise
Solutions, Inc., governmental agencies (such as the National Weather Service
(NWS), the National Hurricane Center (NHC), Environment Canada, the UK.
Meteorologic Service, the Japan Meteorological , etc.), other private
companies (such as Vaisalia’s US. National Lightning ion Network,
Weather Decision Technologies, Inc.), individuals (such as s of the
Spotter Network), etc. The weather information database may also include
information regarding natural hazards (such as earthquakes) ed from, for
example, the US. Geological Survey (USGS).
Weather conditions may include, for example, the 24-hr maximum
temperature, the 24—hr minimum temperature, the air quality, the amount of ice,
the amount of rain, the amount of snow falling, the amount of snow on the ground,
the Arctic Oscillation (AD), the average relative humidity, the barometric pressure
trend, the blowing snow potential, the ceiling, the ceiling height, the chance of a
thunderstorm, the chance of enough snow to coat the ground, the chance of
enough snow to wet a field, the chance of hail, the chance of ice, the chance of
precipitation, the chance of rain, the chance of snow, the cloud cover, the cloud
cover percentage, the cooling degrees, the day sky condition, the day wind
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direction, the day wind gusts, the day wind speed, the dew point, the El Nino
Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the evapotranspiration, the expected thunderstorm
intensity level, the flooding potential, the heat index, the heating s, the high
temperature, the high tide warning, the high wet bulb temperature, the highest
ve humidity, the hours of ice, the hours of precipitation, the hours of rain, the
hours of snow, the ty, the lake levels, the liquid equivalent precipitation
amount, the low temperature, the low wet bulb temperature, the maximum
ultraviolet (UV) index, the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI), the Madden-Julian
Oscillation (MJO), the moon phase, the moonrise, the moonset, the night sky
condition, the night wind direction, the night wind gusts, the night wind speed, the
normal low temperature, the normal temperature, the one-word weather, the
precipitation amount, the precipitation accumulation, the precipitation type, the
probability of snow, the probability of enough ice to coat the ground, the
probability of enough snow to coat the ground, the probability of enough rain to
wet a field, the rain amount, the RealFeel®, the RealFeel® high, the RealFeel®
low (REALFEEL is a registered service mark of AccuWeather, Inc), the record
low temperature, the record high temperature, the relative humidity range, the sea
level barometric pressure, the sea surface temperature, the sky condition, the snow
accumulation in the next 24 hours, the solar radiation, the station tric
pressure, the sunrise, the , the temperature, the type of snow, the UV index,
the visibility, the wet bulb temperature, the wind chill, the wind direction, the
wind gusts, the wind speed, etc. The r conditions may include weather-
d warnings such as river flood warnings, thunderstorm watch boxes, tornado
watch boxes, mesoscale discussions, polygon warnings, zone/country warnings,
outlooks, advisories, watches, special weather statements, lightning warnings,
thunderstorm gs, heavy rain warnings, high wind warnings, high or low
temperature warnings, local storm reports, earthquakes, and/or hurricane impact
sts. Each weather condition may be expressed based on a time frame, such
as the daily value, the hourly forecast value, the daily forecast value, the daily
value one year ago, the accumulation or variations over a previous time period
(e.g., 24 hours, 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours, the previous day, the past seven days,
the current month to date, the current year to date, the past 12 months), the
climatological normal (e.g., the average value over the past 10 years, 20 years, 25
years, 30 years, etc.), the forecasted accumulation over a future time period (e.g.,
24 , etc.
The geographic information system (GIS) 340 is a software system
designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present geographical
data. (Geographic information systems are sometimes referred to as phical
information systems.) The GIS 340 may be realized as software instructions
executed by the one or more servers 210 illustrated in Additionally or
alternatively, the crime forecasting system 200 may use a third party GIS such as
Google maps, Ersi, etc.
The user location database 360 stores information indicative of the
locations of remote computer systems 240 (or users). The location of a user or
remote computer system 240 may be static (1'.e., if the user or remote computer
system 240 is nary) or dynamic (116., if the user or remote computer system
240 is in motion). In some instances, the user location database 360 may store
information indicative of the real-time (or near ime) dynamic on of a
remote computer system 240. Additionally, the user location database 360 may be
automatically and/or repeatedly updated to e information indicative of the
real—time (or near real-time) dynamic location of a remote computer system 240.
The (static or c) location of a remote computer system 240 may
be determined by the remote computer system 240, for example, by a global
positioning satellite (GPS) device incorporated within the remote computer
system 240, cell k triangulation, network identification, etc. Additionally
or atively, the (static or dynamic) location of a remote computer system 240
may be determined by the server 210, for example, by cell network triangulation,
network identification, etc. A static location of a user may be input by the user,
for example by inputting a location such as an address, a city, a zip code, etc. via
the GUI 390. A dynamic on of a user may input by the user, for example by
ing a destination and causing a remote computer system 240 or a server 210
to determine a route of travel to the destination from a starting point or current
location. The user location se 360 may be any organized collection of
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information, r stored on a single tangible device or multiple tangible
devices. The user location database 360 may be realized, for example, as one of
the databases 220.
The analysis unit 380 may be realized by software instructions
accessible to and executed by the one or more s 210 and/or downloaded and
executed by the remote computer systems 240. The analysis unit 380 may be
configured to receive information from the crime tics database 320, the GIS
340, the user on database 360, and the GUI 390.
The cal user interface 390 may be any interface that allows a
user to input information for transmittal to the crime forecasting system 200
and/or any interface that s information received from the crime forecasting
system 200 to a user. The graphical user interface 390 may be realized by
software instructions stored on and executed by a remote computer system 240.
The is unit 380 uses the GIS 340 to plot the locations and times
of each of the crimes in the crime data 322. The analysis unit 380 determines
whether the crime data 322 correlates to one or more variables in the location data
324. For example, the analysis unit 380 determines whether the crimes (or certain
types of crimes) are correlated with neighborhood demographics, law enforcement
boundaries, and/or proximity to community institutions or businesses. If the
demographic data includes tapestry segmentation, which classifies and groups
similar ntial areas, the analysis unit 380 determines whether r
residential areas have experienced similar numbers of and/or types of crimes.
The analysis unit 380 also determines whether the crime data 322
correlates with one or more variables in the event data 326. For example, the
analysis unit 380 may determine that crimes (or certain types of crimes) included
in the crime data 322 are linearly correlated with a certain type of event by a
factor of 1.25 (meaning that, proximate that type of event, a crime or type of crime
is 25 percent more likely).
The analysis unit 380 also determines whether the crime data 322
correlates the one or more variables in the r data 326. For example, the
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analysis unit 380 may determine that crimes (or certain types of crimes) included
in the crime data 322 are linearly ated with Blizzard-like conditions by a
factor of 0.0002 while crimes (or certain types of crimes) are linearly ated
with a RealFeel® temperature above 95 degrees Fahrenheit by a factor of 1.4
(meaning that crimes are highly unlikely during a Blizzard, but 40 percent more
likely than normal in the heat),
Based on the correlations discussed above, the analysis unit 380
determines the likelihood of a crime occurring at a specific on or in a
demographically similar location, at a particular time of day, on a particular day of
the week, in a particular season of the year, and/or proximate a particular
community institution or particular type of business. Based on past crimes against
individuals, the analysis unit 380 may determine the likelihood of a crime
occurring against any individual, against an individual that does not know the
perpetrator, and/or against an individual of a specific demographic group. Based
on past property crimes, the analysis unit 380 may determine the likelihood of a
crime occurring in a vehicle, at a property, at a residence, at a ss, and/or at a
specific type of business.
The analysis unit 380 may also determine the likelihood of a crime (or
a certain type of crime) ing with a proximity of a future event included in
the event data 326 based on the ation of past crimes (or a certain type of
crime) with past events included in the event data 326.
The analysis unit 380 may also determine the hood of a crime (or
a certain type of crime) occurring in a forecasted r condition included in
the r data 328 based on the correlation of past crimes (or a certain type of
crime) with past weather conditions included in the weather data 328.
The crime data 322 may be updated over time. Similarly, the location
data 324, the event data 326, and/or the r data 328 may also be updated.
Accordingly, the analysis unit 380 may determine whether the (updated) crime
data 322 correlates with the (potentially updated) on data 324, the
(potentially updated) event data 326, and/or the (potentially updated) weather data
328.
The crime data 322 may include crime information from official
sources. onally, the crime data 322 may include (raw or analyzed) crime
information derived from the Internet, social media (e.g., Facebook, r, etc),
internet searches (e.g., Google, Bing, Aliaba, etc), facial recognition systems, etc.
The locations of crimes derived from the (raw or analyzed) crime information may
be derived from the locations of the users that uploaded/posted the crime
ation or from the crime information. The times of the crimes derived from
the (raw or analyzed) crime information may be derived from the time the crime
information was uploaded/posted or from the information.
The crime data 322 may include information regarding whether the
reported crime resulted in a conviction. The analysis unit 380 can then be used to
e the effectiveness of law enforcement across jurisdictions. The crime data
322 may also include information regarding whether the reported crime was
determined to be a false report. The analysis unit 380 can then be used to analyze
false crime reports.
The crime forecasting system 200 outputs a “crime forecast.” As used
herein, a “crime forecast” may refer to information indicative of the likelihood of
a crime occurring as determined above. The crime forecast may be expressed by
the crime forecasting system 200 as a percentage chance of a crime occurring, a
difference between the tage chance of a crime occurring and a baseline
(e.g., the percentage chance of a crime occurring in a larger geographic area), a
scalar value (e.g., 0-100) or category (e.g., A-F or Green-Red) selected based on
the percentage change of a crime ing or a ence between the percentage
chance of a crime ing and a baseline.
Referring back to the crime forecasting system 200 may output
crime forecasts for a plurality of user-identified locations 110 (in this e,
points of interest in and around Denver) in a points of interest view 100. The GUI
390 may plot the crime forecasts on a map using the GIS 340. The GUI 390 may
enable users to specify the crime types (for example, using the crime type box
120) and/or a time period (for example, using the time period box 130) for the
crime forecasts. The analysis unit 380 calculates the likelihood that one of the
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user—specified crimes will occur in each of the user-identified location over the
user-specified time period and outputs the crime forecast for each of the user-
identified locations via the GUI 390.
rates a street level view 400 of the graphical user interface
390 output by a crime forecasting system 200 according to an exemplary
embodiment of the present invention. In each of the streets in the dashed
boxes 420 are shaded various shades of red (indicating an elevated crime st
relative to a baseline) and each of the streets in the dashed boxes 440 are shaded
various shades of blue (indicating a lower crime forecast relative to a baseline).
Again, the GUI 390 may enable users to specify the crime types (for example,
using the crime type box 480) and/or a time period for the crime forecast. The
baseline may be the crime forecast for a larger geographic area (such as the
greater metropolitan region or state or nation). The analysis unit 380 calculates
the likelihood that the crime(s) specified by the user will occur on each of the
streets of the street level view 400 relative to the baseline (e.g., the national
average) and colors each of the streets of the street level view 400 according to the
crime st.
FIGS. 5A and 5B rate neighborhood views 500a and 50% of the
graphical user interface 390 output by a crime forecasting system 200 according to
an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in , the crime forecasting system 200 may output
crime forecasts for a plurality of neighborhoods 510. Again, the GUI 390 may
plot the crime forecasts on a map using the GIS 340. Again, the GUI 390 may
enable users to specify the crime types (for e, using the crime type box
480) and/or a time period (for e, using the date box 580) for the crime
forecasts. The analysis unit 380 calculates the likelihood that one of the user-
specified crimes will occur in each of the neighborhoods 510 over the userspecified
time period and outputs the crime st for each of the neighborhoods
510 via the GUI 390. Referring to , the crime forecast may increase from
the first date (December 11, 2016) to the second date ber 12, 2016) as
shown in neighborhoods 512, 514, and 516.
FIG, 6 rates a travel route view 600 of the graphical user interface
390 output by an crime forecasting system 200 according to an exemplary
embodiment of the t invention. In the solid lines 610 are green in
color (indicating a low crime forecast) and the dashed line 620 is shaded yellow
and red (indicating mid-level and high crime forecasts).
As shown in the crime forecasting system 200 may output a
crime st for each point along a travel route. Again, the GUI 390 may enable
users to specify the crime type and/or a time period for the crime forecasts.
Because the travel route view 600 is intended to assist travelers, the crime
forecasting system 200 may be preset to output a crime forecast for crimes that are
relevant to travelers such as personal crimes where the victim does not know the
perpetrator, auto theft, etc.
FIGS. 7 through 10 illustrate modules output by the crime forecasting
system 200 via the GUI 390. The crime forecasting system 200 may be
orated with the customizable weather analysis system described in PCT
Application No. 14/55004, which is incorporated herein by reference in
its entirety.
illustrates a crime alert module 710 and query alert module 720
output by the crime forecasting system 200 via the GUI 390 according to an
exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As illustrated by the crime alert module 710, the crime forecasting
system 200 may output an alert when the crime forecast exceeds an alert
old. The crime forecasting system 200 may enable a user to identify one or
more locations, crimes, crime types, time periods, and/or the alert threshold. The
analysis unit 380 calculates the likelihood that a crime (or a user-specified crime
or a crime belonging to a user-specified crime type) will occur in each of the user-
identifred locations over the user—specified time period and outputs a crime alert
(as shown, for e, in the crime alert module 710) if the crime forecast
exceeds the (predetermined or user-specified) alert threshold in a user-identified
location.
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In another embodiment, the crime forecasting system 200 may output a
crime alert to a remote computer system 240 if the crime forecast for the location
of the remote computer system 240 exceeds a (predetermined or user-specified)
alert threshold. The location of the remote computer system 240 may be
determined by the remote computer system 240 or the server 210 and stored in the
user location database 360. In this ment, the analysis unit 380 calculates
the likelihood that a crime (or a user-specified crime or a crime belonging to a
user—specified crime type) will occur at the location of the remote er
system 240 and outputs a crime alert if the crime forecast exceeds the
(predetermined or user-specified) alert threshold. In this embodiment, the crime
forecasting system 200 may be preset to determine the crime st for crimes
that are nt to individuals (e.g., personal crimes where the victim does not
know the perpetrator).
In another embodiment, the crime forecasting system 200 may output a
crime forecast to a mobile computer system 260 for the location of the mobile
computer system 260. The crime forecast may be expressed as a scale (e.g, 0-100
or green-yellow-red) indicating the crime forecast or the crime forecast relative to
a baseline. The baseline may be a previous location of the mobile computer
system 260.
As illustrated by the query alert module 720, the crime forecasting
system 200 may allow users to e crime forecasts based on a user-specified
query. The user-specified query may include one or more crime types, a plurality
of user-identified ons, and a user—specified time—period. The query alert
module 720 indicates that, from 6pm to 12am, 69 of the user-identified locations
have a crime forecast for all crimes l Crime Index”) above 50; 50 of the
user—identified locations have a crime forecast for robbery above 75; 29 of the
user-identified ons have a crime forecast for auto theft above 30; and 15 of
the user-identified locations have a crime forecast for public disorder.
rates an hourly crime index module 810 and a daily crime
index module 820 output by the crime forecasting system 200 via the GUI 390
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
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The hourly crime index module 810 shows line graphs of the hourly
crime forecasts for a user-identified location (in this instance, the crime forecasts
for burglary and arson). The daily crime index module 820 shows line graphs of
the daily crime forecasts for a user-identified location (in this instance, the crime
sts for drug crimes and homicide).
illustrate MinuteCast® modules 910 and 920 output by the
crime forecasting system 200 via the GUI 390 according to an exemplary
embodiment of the present invention. A MinuteCast® is a hyper-local, minute-
by—minute forecast over a short time period such as 120 s.
(MINUTECAST is a registered service mark of AccuWeather, Inc.) The
MinuteCast® module 910 indicates that there is no crime threat, meaning the
crime st is below a threshold, for 120 minutes. The MinuteCast® module
910 tes that higher levels of crime are forecasted in 75 minutes. The
timeline shows a green area 922, indicating a higher crime st, a yellow area
924, indicating an even higher crime forecast, and a red area 926, indicating an
even higher crime forecast.
illustrates a process 1000 for outputting crime sts
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
One or more ons are determined in step 1002. Each location may
be a single point (e.g., an address, intersection, ude and latitude, etc.) or
larger geographic area (e.g., a neighborhood, political subdivision, law
enforcement jurisdiction, etc.). The locations(s) may be input by the user,
determined based on the location of a mobile computer system 260, determined
based on a route of travel, etc. If the crime forecasting system 200 is outputting a
map (as shown, for example, in the neighborhood views 500a and 50%), the
ons may be determined based on the locations visible to the user via the GUI
390.
A time period is determined in step 1004. In some instances, the time
period may be input by the user (as described above, for example, with reference
to the points of interest view 100, the neighborhood views 500a and 500b, and the
query module 720). The default time period may be a time period that includes
W0 064]?
the current time. For example, the default time period may be a time period
beginning at the current time and extending into the near future as described
above with reference to the street level view 400, the travel route View 600, the
crime alert module 710. In another example, the default time period may be a
time period ending at the current time and extending into the recent past as
described above with reference to the hourly crime forecast module 810 and the
daily crime forecast module 820.
In some instances, the crime forecasting system 200 s a crime
st for all crimes. In other instances, the crime forecasting system 200
outputs a crime forecast for a limited subset of crimes. In those instances, one or
more crime types are determined in step 1006. A crime type may be a specific
offense (e.g., assault, burglary, robbery, etc.). The crime type may also be defined
by the seriousness of the offense (e.g., felony, misdemeanor, etc.) or the severity
of the e. The crime type may also be defined by whether the crime was a
property crime, an offense t a person, etc. For a property crime, the crime
type may be defined by the type of property (a vehicle, a residence, a business, a
specific type of business such as retail store, etc.) For each offense against a
person, the crime type may be defined by whether the victim knew the assailant or
whether the ant was a stranger and/or demographic information regarding
the victim (e.g., age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, economic status, etc.). The crime
type(s) may be specified by the user. The crime type(s) may be selected by the
crime forecasting system 200 based on the type of crime forecast being
determined. For example, the crime forecasting system 200 may select the crime
type(s) nt to an individual er (e.g., personal crimes where the victim
does not know the perpetrator, auto theft, etc.) when the crime forecasting system
200 is determining a crime forecast to be output via the travel route View 600.
An historical crime rate is determined in step 1008 for each of the
locations determined in step 1002. An historical crime rate is ined based
on instances in the crime data 322 for a location determined in step 1002 during
time periods similar to the time period determined in step 1004 (e.g., the same
time of day, the same day of the week, the same season of the year, etc.) for each
W0 2016/1064]?
of the crime types determined in step 1006 (unless no crime type is specified by
the user).
A crime forecast is determined in step 1010 for each location
determined in step 1002. The crime forecast may be equal to the historical crime
rate determined in step 1008. Additionally or alternatively, the crime sting
system 200 may determine the crime forecast by adjusting the historical crime
rate ined in step 1008 based on upcoming events included in the event data
324 and/or weather forecasts in the weather data 328. The crime forecasting
system 200 may adjust the crime st based on the event data 324 by
ining whether the event data 324 includes any events for the locations
determined in step 1002 during the time period ined in step 1004,
determining whether the type of events included in the event data 324 are
correlated with the crime data 322 as described above, and adjusting the crime
forecast based on the correlation, if any, between the type of events included in
the event data 324 and the crime data 322. Similarly, the crime forecasting system
200 may adjust the crime forecast based on the weather data 328 by determining
the weather forecast for the locations determined in step 1002 during the time
period determined in step 1004, determining whether the forecasted weather
conditions are correlated with the crime data 322 as described above, and
adjusting the crime st based on the correlation, if any, between the weather
conditions and the crime data 322.
A crime forecast is output in step 1012 for each on determined in
step 1002.
The crime forecasting system 200 provides benefits for law
enforcement agencies. For example, the street view 400 and the neighborhood
views 500a and 500b provide information that may allow law enforcement
agencies to accurately and effectively deploy resources. In another e, a
law enforcement officer may be equipped with a mobile er system 260 (for
example, an intelligent data portal (IDP) manufactured by Motorola Solutions)
that may be configured to output some of all of the features described above.
W0 2016/1064]?
Accordingly, the law enforcement officer may be provided with ime crime
forecasting for locations proximate the mobile computer system 260.
The crime forecasting system 200 provides benefits for individuals.
For example, the crime forecasting system 200 allows individuals to select a safe
travel route (as shown, for example, by the travel route view 600). In another
example, the crime forecasting system 200 allows duals to increase their
ional awareness by outputting crime alerts (as shown, for example, by the
crime alert module 710 and the MinuteCast® s 910 and 920). The crime
forecasts may be tailored by the crime forecasting system 200 for a particular user.
For example, the analysis unit 380 may determine the hood of a crime
occurring against an individual of the user’s demographic group.
The crime forecasting system 200 also provides benefits for business
owners. For example, the crime forecasting system 200 allows business owners to
anticipate the risk of crimes (e.g., retail theft, property crimes) at business
locations (as shown, for example, by the query module 720). In another example,
a business owner deciding whether to remain open during an ng event may
use the crime sting system 200 to determine whether there is an increased
risk of crime during the event.
While preferred ments have been set forth above, those skilled
in the art who have reviewed the present disclosure will readily appreciate that
other embodiments can be realized within the scope of the invention. For
example, disclosures of specific numbers of hardware components, software
modules and the like are illustrative rather than limiting. Therefore, the present
invention should be construed as limited only by the appended claims.
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Claims (3)
1. A computer implemented-method for determining and outputting a crime forecast, the method comprising: storing crime data in a database, the crime data including information indicative of the locations and times of crimes; storing weather data in the database, the weather data including past and forecasted weather conditions; determining a crime forecast on, ining a crime forecast time period, determining, based on the weather data, a forecasted weather ion for the crime forecast location during the crime forecast time period, determining, based on the crime data and the past weather ions included in the weather data, a correlation between the crimes included in the crime data and the forecasted weather condition; determining, based on the crime data, an historical crime rate in the crime forecast location for time periods similar to the crime forecast time period; determining the crime st by adjusting the historical crime rate based on the correlation n the crimes included in the crime data and the forecasted weather condition; and outputting the crime forecast to a remote computer system.
2. The method of Claim 1, n the time periods similar to the crime forecast time period are time periods that are the same time of day as the crime forecast time .
3. The method of Claim 1, further comprising: storing event data in the database, the event data including past events and future events, ining, based on the event data, a future event in the crime forecast location during the crime forecast time period, and W0
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US62/096,631 | 2014-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NZ732979A true NZ732979A (en) |
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