NZ732131B2 - Drainage system - Google Patents
Drainage system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ732131B2 NZ732131B2 NZ732131A NZ73213115A NZ732131B2 NZ 732131 B2 NZ732131 B2 NZ 732131B2 NZ 732131 A NZ732131 A NZ 732131A NZ 73213115 A NZ73213115 A NZ 73213115A NZ 732131 B2 NZ732131 B2 NZ 732131B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- cap
- drainpipe
- channel
- fluid
- drainage system
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 210000000614 Ribs Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001522301 Apogonichthyoides nigripinnis Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000088 Lip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
- E02B11/005—Drainage conduits
Abstract
drainage system configured to be buried in a permeable ground layer, the system comprising: a cap of a type that comprises an end wall and one or more sidewalls that extend from a perimeter of the end wall to define a recess within the cap; a body comprising: an inlet at a first end of the body, receivable within the recess of the cap; an outlet at a second end of the body; and a passage to allow fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet; a spacer arrangement comprising a mounting portion that extends from within the cap, the mounting portion configured to be received within the passage at the first inlet end of the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, the mounting portion locates within the passage at the first inlet end to mount the cap to the body, the spacer arrangement being further configured to space said one or more sidewalls of the cap from the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, a channel is formed between an inner surface of said one or more sidewalls of the cap and an outer surface of the body, with the channel that is formed having a cross-sectional width that is less than the length of the channel, whereby fluid is able to flow through the channel to the inlet at the first end of the body; and a coupling portion for coupling the body to a fluid dispersing pipe for dispersing fluid from the outlet, the coupling portion comprising arms for gripping the fluid dispersing pipe. eceivable within the recess of the cap; an outlet at a second end of the body; and a passage to allow fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet; a spacer arrangement comprising a mounting portion that extends from within the cap, the mounting portion configured to be received within the passage at the first inlet end of the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, the mounting portion locates within the passage at the first inlet end to mount the cap to the body, the spacer arrangement being further configured to space said one or more sidewalls of the cap from the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, a channel is formed between an inner surface of said one or more sidewalls of the cap and an outer surface of the body, with the channel that is formed having a cross-sectional width that is less than the length of the channel, whereby fluid is able to flow through the channel to the inlet at the first end of the body; and a coupling portion for coupling the body to a fluid dispersing pipe for dispersing fluid from the outlet, the coupling portion comprising arms for gripping the fluid dispersing pipe.
Description
(12) Granted patent specificaon (19) NZ (11) 732131 (13) B2
(47) Publicaon date: 2021.12.24
(54) DRAINAGE SYSTEM
(51) Internaonal Patent Classificaon(s):
E01C 13/02 E02B 11/00 E03F 5/04 E03F 1/00
(22) Filing date: (73) Owner(s):
2015.11.23 BUNKER DRY PTY LTD
(23) Complete specificaon filing date: (74) Contact:
2015.11.23 Griffith Hack
(30) Internaonal Priority Data: (72) Inventor(s):
AU 2014904705 2014.11.21 DRUCE, Russell Edmund
(86) Internaonal Applicaon No.:
(87) Internaonal Publicaon number:
WO/2016/077873
(57) Abstract:
A drainage system configured to be buried in a permeable ground layer, the system comprising: a
cap of a type that comprises an end wall and one or more sidewalls that extend from a perimeter
of the end wall to define a recess within the cap; a body comprising: an inlet at a first end of the
body, receivable within the recess of the cap; an outlet at a second end of the body; and a passage
to allow fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet; a spacer arrangement comprising a mounng
poron that extends from within the cap, the mounng poron configured to be received within
the passage at the first inlet end of the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of
the cap, the mounng poron locates within the passage at the first inlet end to mount the cap to
the body, the spacer arrangement being further configured to space said one or more sidewalls of
the cap from the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, a channel is
formed between an inner surface of said one or more sidewalls of the cap and an outer surface of
the body, with the channel that is formed having a cross-seconal width that is less than the length
of the channel, whereby fluid is able to flow through the channel to the inlet at the first end of the
body; and a coupling poron for coupling the body to a fluid dispersing pipe for dispersing fluid
from the outlet, the coupling poron comprising arms for gripping the fluid dispersing pipe.
NZ 732131 B2
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention has application to the field of drainage systems and has
particular, but by no means exclusive, application to drainage systems for use in
bunkers of a golf course.
BACKGROUND ART
A golf course bunker is a deliberately positioned hazard on a golf course that is
designed to increase the difficulty of playing on a golf course. A bunker is best
described as being an area of ground on the course from which turf and soil have
been removed to create a substantially sized hollow. The removed turf and soil is
replaced with sand. Bunkers on a golf course are commonly located near greens,
but can also be located alongside fairways. Bunkers are also commonly referred to
as “sand traps” or just “traps”.
Due to physical characteristics of a bunker, a large hollow in the ground, they are
more susceptible to poor rainwater drainage than other parts of a golf course. For
instance, rain on a fairway generally tends to be dispersed over a large area that is
relatively flat or is slightly inclined or undulating. The benefit of this is that most
rain (with the exception of the heaviest downpours) tends to be dispersed
reasonably quickly. In contrast, however, because of the hollowed out nature of
bunkers rainwater tends to collect at the bottom of the bunkers requiring
considerable time to drain away naturally.
As a consequence of the additional time required for rainwater to drain from
bunkers it is not uncommon for bunkers to be “taken out of play” while the
bunkers dry out, which detracts from the playing experience of the golf course.
In order to minimize the time that bunkers are “taken out of play” drainage
systems can be installed into the bunkers. Existing drainage systems can improve
the rate at which rainwater is drained from the bunkers to reduce the amount of
time bunkers are taken out of play. However, existing drainage systems used in
bunkers regularly become blocked as sand from the bunker is drawn into the
drainpipe. Some existing drainage system seek to address the problem of sand
blockages by using a small aperture for allowing water to enter and be drained
away while restricting entry of sand, but the smaller aperture reduces water flow
requiring more time to drain the bunker. When drainpipes become blocked with
sand not only does that have a detrimental impact on the rate at which rainwater is
drained from the bunker, it imposes additional workload on grounds staff whom
are required to disassemble the drainage system and remove the sand.
Accordingly, there is a need for an improved drainage system that can be installed
into golf course bunkers and which are not susceptible to regular blockage that
occurs when sand enters the drainpipes.
It is to be understood that, if any prior art is referred to herein, such reference does
not constitute an admission that the prior art forms a part of the common general
knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
SUMMARY
In one aspect of the present invention there is provided a drainage system
configured to be buried in a permeable ground layer, the system comprising: a cap
of a type that comprises an end wall and one or more sidewalls that extend from a
perimeter of the end wall to define a recess within the cap; and a body. The body
comprises an inlet at a first end of the body, receivable within the recess of the
cap, an outlet at a second end of the body, and a passage to allow fluid flow from
the inlet to the outlet. The system further comprises a spacer arrangement
comprising a mounting portion that extends from within the cap. The mounting
portion is configured to be received within the passage at the first inlet end of the
body such that when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, the mounting
portion locates within the passage at the first inlet end to mount the cap to the
body. The spacer arrangement is further configured to space the one or more
sidewalls of the cap from the body such that, when the inlet is received in the
recess of the cap, a channel is formed between an inner surface of the one or more
sidewalls of the cap and an outer surface of the body, with the channel that is
formed having a cross-sectional width that is less than the length of the channel,
whereby fluid is able to flow through the channel to the inlet at the first end of the
body. The system further comprises a coupling portion for coupling the body to a
fluid dispersing pipe for dispersing fluid from the outlet, the coupling portion
comprising arms for gripping the fluid dispersing pipe.
Hence, the cap may prevent matter, other than fluid, from entering the passage.
So, for example, when the system as buried under e.g. sand, soil, etc. the sand or
soil may be prevented from entering the passage, whereas fluid may rise up
through the channel and enter the passage (the soil, sand, etc. ‘dropping out’ in the
process).
In one embodiment the spacer arrangement may alternatively or additionally
comprise one or more ribs projecting from the body so as to engage with the cap
when mounted thereto (i.e. to space the cap from the body). The spacer
arrangement may form part of the body or the cap, or may be separate from the
body and the cap.
In one embodiment the cross-sectional area of the channel may be larger towards
the first end than towards the second end of the body. This may reduce the
velocity of fluid that is flowing in the channel as it moves towards the inlet, which
in turn may reduce the ability of the fluid to carry other (e.g. solid) matter into the
inlet.
In one embodiment the outer surface of the body or inner surface of the cap may
be tapered between the first and second ends of the body.
In one embodiment the outer surface of the body may be tapered inwardly from
the second end to the first end of the body.
In one embodiment the body and the cap may be generally tubular in shape.
The coupling portion may be integral with the body or the cap, or may be separate
from the body and the cap. The coupling portion may be configured for
temporary or permanent fastening to the fluid dispersing pipe. The fluid
dispersing pipe may take any suitable shape.
In one embodiment the drainage system may further comprise a weir portion
arranged at the second end of the body. The weir portion may comprise an
opening in fluid connection with the dispersing pipe, and a trough at least partially
surrounding the opening, such that fluid from the passage is able to collect in the
trough and subsequently flow into the opening once the trough is sufficiently full.
This may form a second barrier to matter (other than the fluid) entering the fluid
dispersing pipe. That is, any matter that enters the passage may drop out of the
fluid when it enters the trough (due to a reduction in the velocity of the fluid).
In one embodiment, the weir portion may be integral with the coupling portion.
In one embodiment the drainage system may further comprise a seal member
disposed between the coupling portion and the fluid dispersing pipe. This may
ensure a fluid-tight seal between the coupling portion and the fluid dispersing
pipe.
In one embodiment the permeable layer may be a sand layer.
In one embodiment the drainage system may further comprise a locator element to
allow for location of the drainage system when buried. The locator element may
be metal to allow detection of the drainage system using a metal detector.
In one embodiment the drainage system may be for drainage of a bunker on a golf
course.
In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a cap for locating
over the end of a drainpipe of a bunker drainage system. The cap of a type that
comprises an end wall and one or more sidewalls that extend from a perimeter of
the end wall to define a recess for receipt therein of the drainpipe end. The cap
also comprises a spacer arrangement comprising a mounting portion that extends
from within the cap, the mounting portion configured to be received within an
opening at the drainpipe end such that, when the drainpipe end is received in the
recess of the cap, the mounting portion locates within the drainpipe opening to
mount the cap to the drainpipe. The spacer arrangement is further configured such
that, when the drainpipe end is received in the recess of the cap, the one or more
sidewalls of the cap are spaced from the drainpipe so as to form a channel that has
a cross-sectional width that is less than a length of the channel, with the channel
that is formed being arranged to allow fluid to flow to the opening at the drainpipe
end between an outer surface of the drainpipe and an inner surface of the cap.
In one embodiment the cross-sectional area of the channel may be larger at an end
of the channel that is adjacent to the drainpipe end than the cross-sectional area of
the channel at a fluid entrance to the channel.
In one embodiment the outer surface of the drainpipe or inner surface of the cap
may be tapered between the channel end adjacent to the drainpipe end and the
channel entrance.
In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a drainage system
configured to be buried in a permeable ground layer, the system comprising:
a tubular-type end cap that has a closed end, an open end and an inner
surface that defines a void;
a drainpipe that has a wall defining an elongate passage for a fluid, the
wall having an end portion that has an opening through which a fluid can pass to
enter the passage, the wall being such that, when the end portion is located in the
void of the tubular-type end cap and extends outwardly through the open end of
the tubular-type end cap, an outer surface of the end portion of the wall has a
circumference that is less than a circumference of the inner surface of the tubular-
type end cap;
a spacer arrangement comprising a mounting portion that extends from
within the void of the cap. The mounting portion is configured to be received
within the opening at the end portion of the wall such that, when the wall end
portion is located in the void of the tubular-type end cap, the mounting portion
locates within the opening to mount the tubular-type end cap to the drainpipe. The
spacer arrangement is further configured such that, when the wall end portion is
located in the void of the tubular-type end cap, the inner surface of the tubular-
type end cap is supported in a spaced apart relationship from the outer surface of
the end portion of the wall to define a space in the form of a channel that has a
cross-sectional width that is less than a length of the channel, with the channel
that is formed being arranged to allow for the fluid to flow between the outer
surface of the end portion of the wall and the inner surface of the tubular-type end
cap to enter the passage via the opening. The system further comprises a coupling
portion for coupling the drainpipe to a fluid dispersing pipe for dispersing fluid
from the passage. The coupling portion comprising arms for gripping the fluid
dispersing pipe.
In one embodiment the cross-sectional area of the channel may be larger at an end
of the channel that is adjacent to the passage opening than the cross-sectional area
of the channel at a fluid entrance to the channel.
In one embodiment the outer surface of the drainpipe or inner surface of the
tubular end cap may be tapered between said channel end adjacent to the passage
opening and said channel entrance.
In one embodiment the drainage system may comprise a weir portion arranged at
an opposite end of the passage, the weir portion comprising an opening in fluid
communication with the dispersing pipe, and a trough at least partially
surrounding the weir portion opening, such that fluid from the passage is able to
collect in the trough and subsequently flow into the weir portion opening once the
trough is sufficiently full.
As set forth above, a benefit of the above described embodiment of the drainage
system is that it reduces the likelihood of bunker sand being drawn into the
drainpipe (or body) and blocking the pipe. As elaborated on in more detail in the
detailed description section of this specification, the ability to reduce the sand
intake comes about from the inner surface of the tubular end cap and the outer
surface of the drainpipe being supported in a spaced apart relationship to define a
space for the rainwater to flow and enter the passage via the opening or inlet of
the drainpipe or body.
In one embodiment the spacing arrangement may comprise an elongate member
located in the void of the tubular end cap and which is fixed to the inner surface of
the tubular end cap, the elongate member extending into in the passage of the end
portion of the drainpipe and is engaged with an inner surface of the end portion of
the drainpipe.
Use of the elongate member provides a convenient and secure means for ensuring
the inner surface of the tubular end cap and the outer surface of the drainpipe
remain in a spaced apart relationship, which as described above contributes to
reducing the likelihood of bunker sand entering the drainpipe. As elaborated on in
the detailed description of this specification, the elongate member also enables the
end cap to be readily fitted and removed from the drainpipe to facilitate easy
access to the opening in the drainpipe, which may be required for periodic
maintenance of the drainage system.
In one embodiment the elongate member may extend outwardly through the open
end of the tubular end cap.
The advantage of having the elongate member extending through the open end of
the tubular end cap is that it provides a relatively effective means for guiding the
end cap such that it is correctly positioned on the end portion of the drainpipe.
In one embodiment the spacing arrangement may support the opening of the
drainpipe and the closed end of the tubular end cap in a spaced apart relationship.
As described in the detailed description of this specification, it is possible for the
end portion (e.g. a first end) of the drainpipe to have an open end or a closed end
with suitable openings in the wall section of the end portion. However, where the
drainpipe has an open end supporting the opening of the drainpipe and the closed
end of the tubular end cap in a spaced apart relationship ensures that water is able
to freely enter the drainpipe passage via the space or channel defined by the outer
wall of the drainpipe end section and the inner surface of the end cap that defines
the void.
In a further aspect of the present invention there is provided end cap arrangement
for use with a drainage system that comprises a drainpipe that has a wall defining
an elongate passage for a fluid, the wall having an end portion that has an opening
through which a fluid can pass to enter the passage, the end cap arrangement
comprising:
a tubular body that has a closed end, an open end and an inner surface that
defines a void for receiving the end portion of the drainpipe, the inner surface of
the tubular body having a circumference that is greater than a circumference of an
outer surface of the end portion of the drainpipe; and
a spacing arrangement for supporting the inner surface of the tubular body
and the outer surface of the end portion of the drainpipe in a spaced apart
relationship to define a space for the fluid to flow and enter the passage via the
opening.
As indicated previously, an advantage of the inner surface of the tubular body and
the outer surface of the drainpipe being in a spaced apart relationship is that it
helps to reduce bunker sand entering the drainpipe, which could otherwise cause a
blockage in the drainpipe.
In one embodiment the spacing arrangement may comprise an elongate member
located in the void of the tubular body and which is fixed to the inner surface of
the tubular body, the elongate member being arranged to extend into in the
passage of the end portion of the drainpipe and engage with an inner surface of
the end portion of the drainpipe.
The elongate member ensures the inner surface of the tubular end cap and the
outer surface of the drainpipe are in a spaced apart relationship, which reduces the
likelihood of bunker sand entering the drainpipe. The elongate member also
enables the end cap to be readily fitted and removed from the drainpipe so as to
allow easy access to the opening in the drainpipe, which may be required for
periodic maintenance of the drainage system.
In one embodiment the elongate member may extend outwardly through the open
end of the tubular body.
By extending outwardly through the open end of the tubular body the elongate
member allows the tubular end cap to be correctly fitted to the drainpipe.
In one embodiment the spacing arrangement may be arranged to support the
opening of the drainpipe and the closed end of the tubular body in a spaced apart
relationship.
In embodiments where the drainpipe has a standard open end, supporting the
opening of the drainpipe and the closed end of the tubular end cap body in a
spaced apart relationship ensures that water is able to freely enter the drainpipe
passage via the space defined by the outer wall of the drainpipe end section and
the inner surface of the end cap that defines the void.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Embodiments will now be described by way of example only, with reference to
the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 depicts a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present
invention;
Figure 2 shows a drainpipe used in the drainage system of figure 1;
Figure 3 illustrates an alternative drainpipe used in a different embodiment of the
present invention;
Figure 4 shows a drainpipe end cap used in the drainage system depicted in figure
Figure 5 shows a view looking into an open end of the drainpipe end cap of figure
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view looking of the drainpipe end cap of figures 4
and 5;
Figure 7 is another cross-sectional view of the drainpipe end cap of figures 4 to 6;
Figure 8 is an alternative embodiment of the spacing arrangement used with the
drainpipe end cap of figures 4 to 7;
Figure 9 is yet a further alternative embodiment of the spacing arrangement used
with the drainpipe end cap of figures 4 to 7;
Figure 10 shows an installation of the drainage system of figure 1 in a golf course
bunker;
Figure 11 shows a close-up view of the in situ drainage system shown in figure
; and
Figure 12 shows an alternative embodiment of the drainage system.
Figures 13A and 13B show exploded views of a further alternative embodiment
of the drainage system.
Figure 14 is section views of a variation of the embodiment of the drainage
system shown in Figures 13A and 13B.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In the following detailed description, reference is made to accompanying
drawings which form a part of the detailed description. The illustrative
embodiments described in the detailed description, depicted in the drawings and
defined in the claims, are not intended to be limiting. Other embodiments may be
utilised and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope
of the subject matter presented. It will be readily understood that the aspects of
the present disclosure, as generally described herein and illustrated in the
drawings can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated and designed in a
wide variety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated in this
disclosure.
Referring to figure 1, an embodiment of the drainage system 100 comprises a cap
102 having a tubular form, a drainpipe (or body) 104 and a mounting portion
forming a spacing arrangement 106. In this embodiment of the drainage system
100 the end cap 102, the drainpipe 104 and the spacing arrangement 106 are all
made from a high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
thermoplastic. However, it is envisaged that in other embodiments of the present
invention some, or all of, the end cap 102, drainpipe 104 and spacing arrangement
106 are made from materials other than PVC thermoplastic such as, for example,
a metal.
Referring to figure 2, the drainpipe 204 is made of a wall 208. The wall 208 is
approximately 3mm in thickness, but a different thickness wall 208 can be used in
other embodiments of the invention. The wall 208 defines a passage 210 which
carries water (or for that matter other fluids) through the drainpipe 204. The wall
208 has an end portion (i.e. first end) 212 that has an opening (or inlet) 214
through which water can pass and enter the passage 210 of the drainpipe 204.
While this embodiment of the invention uses a drainpipe 204 with the open (first)
end 214, alternative openings are suitable. For example, referring to figure 3 the
entire open end 214 shown in figure 2 might be completely sealed and instead the
drainpipe 304 has a series of openings 316 in the wall 308 of the drainpipe 304.
With reference to figure 4, the end cap 402 has a tubular body 418 that defines a
recess and that has a closed end 420 and an open end 422. While the closed end
420 is shown as being flat it is envisaged that in alternative embodiments of the
end cap 402 the closed end 420 could be domed (see Figure 14). Referring to
figure 5 which is a view looking into the open end 522 of the tubular body 518,
the tubular body 518 has an inner surface 524 that defines a void (or recess) 526.
The void 526 extends from the open end 522 of the tubular body 518 to the closed
end 420 (shown only in figure 4) of the tubular body 518.
As described previously with reference to figure 1, the drainage system 100
includes a spacing arrangement 106. Referring to figure 6, which shows a cross-
sectional view of the drainpipe end cap 602, the spacing arrangement 606
comprises three elongate members 628. The elongate members 628 are fixed to
two circular disks 630 such that the elongate members 628 are held in a spaced
apart relationship to each other. Each of the elongate members 628 has a lower
section 632 that is secured to the inner surface 624 of the drainpipe end cap 602.
As can be seen in figure 7, the outer surfaces 734 of the elongate members 728 are
spaced apart from the inner surface 724 of the tubular body 718 of the end cap
702. Spacing the outer surfaces 734 of the elongate members 728 apart from the
inner surface 724 of the end cap 702 tubular body 718 defines a space 738 for
receiving the drainpipe 704 such that the end portion 712 of the drainpipe 704 can
be located in the void (or recess) 726 of the end cap 702.
The drainpipe end cap 702 is arranged to be fitted to the open end 214 (see figure
2) of the drainpipe 704. In this regard, the elongate members 728 extend
outwardly from the void 726 and past the open end 722 of the end cap 702 tubular
body 718. By extending outwardly past the open end 722 the elongate members
728 act as a guide when the end cap is being fitted to the open end 214 of the
drainpipe 704. It is also noted that this spacing arrangement 706 allows for ready
removal and fitting of the end cap 702 to the drainpipe 704 opening 714. The
circular disks 730 hold the elongate members 728 at a distance apart which is such
that the outer surfaces 734 of the members 728 can be inserted into the passage
710 of the drainpipe 704 via the opening 214 in the end portion 712 of the
drainpipe 704. When inserted in the passage 710 of the drainpipe 704 the outer
surfaces 734 of the members 728 are positively engaged with the inner surface
740 of the drainpipe 704. Each of the elongate members 728 also have a bottom
section 742 that engages with the opening 214 in the end portion 212 of the
drainpipe 704. Because the bottom section 742 of the elongate members 728 is
spaced apart from the closed end 720 of the end cap 702 tubular body 718, the
open end 214 of the drainpipe 704 is spaced apart from the closed end 720 of the
drainpipe end cap 702 tubular body 718. As discussed in more detail in the
following sections of this specification, spacing the open end 214 of the drainpipe
704 allows water to enter the passage 710 of the drainpipe 704 when the end cap
702 is fitted to the end section 712 of the drainpipe 704.
It is envisaged that alternative embodiments of the present invention could readily
use different spacing arrangements (see Figures 13A, 13B and 14) to that which
has been described with reference to the three elongate members 728 and the two
disks 730. For example, one such alternative embodiment could employ a spacing
arrangement in which the three elongate members 728 are replaced with a single
length of unitary pipe, which is illustrated in figure 8. This alternative
embodiment is shown in figure 8 (which is a cross-sectional view), in which the
end cap 802 has a unitary piece of pipe 844 instead of the three separate elongate
members 728. In a further alternative embodiment, the spacing arrangement may
not be fixedly connected to the drainpipe end cap as previously described, instead
the spacing arrangement may be a separate item that is fitted to the end portion
212 of the drainpipe 204. This alternative embodiment is illustrated in figure 9
which shows an end cross-sectional view of the drainpipe 904 with the end cap
902 fitted thereto. In this alternative embodiment the spacing arrangement
comprises four elongate members 948 fixed to the outer surface of the end section
of the drainpipe 904. The elongate members 948 are evenly spaced around the
circumference of the wall of the drainpipe 904. Like the elongate members 728
shown in figure 7, the elongate members 948 of this alternative embodiment have
an outer surface that engages with the inner surface of the drainpipe end cap 902.
In turning now to describing how the drainage system 100 facilitates drainage of
bunkers in a golf course, reference is made to figure 10. As described previously,
the drainage system 1000 comprises a tubular end cap 1002 and a drainpipe 1004.
For the sale of clarity, the previously mentioned spacing arrangement is not
shown in figure 10. When installed in a bunker 1050, both the end cap 1002 and
the drainpipe 1004 are buried below the surface level of the sand 1052. The
section of the drainpipe 1004 to which the end cap 1002 is fitted is generally
positioned vertically. As shown in figure 7, there is a space 738 that is defined by
the outer surface 758 of the drainpipe 704 and the inner surface 724 of the
drainpipe end cap 702. This space 738 is the result of the outer surface 758 of the
drainpipe 704 having a circumference that is less than the circumference of the
inner surface 724 of the end cap 702. In turning again to figure 10, this space 1038
enables water below the surface of the sand 1052 to enter the drainpipe 1004 and
be drained away while minimizing the amount of sand that enters the drainpipe
1004. More specifically, as rainwater collects in the bunker 1050 it will settle
below the surface level of the bunker sand 1052. As it continues to rain the level
of rainwater below the surface 1052 will rise causing it to enter the space 1038
and pass therethrough. With reference to figure 11, which illustrates a closer view
of the in situ drainage system 1100. As the level of rainwater in the space 1138
rises towards the closed end 1120 of the end cap 1002, which act like a weir, the
rainwater will spill over the lip 1160 of the drainpipe 1104 and into the passage
1110 via the drainpipe opening 1114. Because the rainwater passes up through the
space 1138 minimal bunker sand enters the drainpipe opening 1114. Because of
the weight of the sand it is not drawn up with the water as it rises in level in the
passage 1138. The closed end 1120 of the end cap 102 prevents any bunker sand
from falling into the drainpipe opening 1114. As previously described the
drainpipe end cap 1102 and the drainpipe 1104 are buried beneath the surface
level of the bunker sand 1052.
While the preceding description of an embodiment of the present invention is
described in the context of an open ended drainpipe with an end cap fitted thereto,
it is possible that the present invention could be embodied in different
arrangements. One such example of an alternative embodiment is shown in figure
12. Instead of an open ended drainpipe with an end cap fitted thereto as described
previously, figure 12 shows both an end profile and a side profile of the drainage
system 1200. The system 1200 employs a closed end drainpipe 1204. Instead of
having an open end to allow water to enter the drainpipe 1204, the drainpipe 1204
has a series of openings 1262 in the top of the drainpipe 1204. As an alternative to
a drainpipe endcap, the drainage system 1200 employs an elongate shroud 1264
that extends longitudinally along the length of the drainpipe 1204. This alternative
embodiment also uses the spacing arrangement 1268 which holds an inner surface
1270 of the shroud 1264 in a spaced apart relationship to an outer surface 1272 of
the drainpipe 1204 to thereby form a space 1274, which as described in relation to
the previous embodiment, allows water in the bunker to flow up therethrough and
into the drainpipe 1204 openings 1262.
In the embodiment described above, and shown in Figures 1 to 12, the drainpipe
of the drainage system is of a generally circular or cylindrical tubular form, with a
constant cross-section along its length (defined by a single wall). Like the
embodiments above, the drainpipe (or body, as it will now be referred to) 1304 of
the embodiment 1300 shown in Figure 13 comprises a generally tubular form
defining a passage 1310 for fluid flow, but the tubular form of this embodiment
has a cross section that varies along its length. This will be discussed in more
detail below.
The cap 1302 of this embodiment comprises a dome-like top portion (see Figure
14) and a curved sidewall 1318 in the form of a skirt extending downwardly, in
use, from the top portion 1320 so as to define a recess or void 1326. The cap
1302 further comprises a mounting portion 1306 that extends within the recess
1326 and generally from the centre of an inner surface of the top portion 1320.
The mounting portion 1306 comprises six evenly spaced support ribs 1376
extending radially from a common central axis (i.e. so as to form a generally
elongate portion with a star shaped cross-section). An outer edge of each support
rib 1376 generally corresponds to the form of a curved inner surface 1378 of the
body 1304 (defining the passage 1310 of the body). Thus, in use, the cap 1302
can be mounted to the body 1304 by inserting the mounting portion 1306 into the
passage 1310 of the body 1304, such that the outer edges of the support ribs 1376
rest against and engage the inner surface 1378 of the body 1304. To facilitate this
mounting, a plurality of longitudinal guide ribs 1380 project from the inner
surface 1378 of the body 1304 (defining the passage 1310), such that when the
cap 1302 is mounted to the body 1304 (and during mounting), the support ribs
1376 locate between the guide ribs 1380.
The shape of the support ribs 1376, and the cap 1302 in general, creates a spacing
arrangement such that when the mounting portion 1306 is inserted into the
passage 1310 (i.e. to mount the cap 1302 to the body 1304) the inner surface 1324
of the cap 1302 is spaced from the outer surface 1382 of the body 1304. The
second end 1384 of the body 1304 additionally comprises spacing projections
1386 that also form part of the spacing arrangement (in addition to the mounting
portion 1306) and engage the inner surface 1324 of the cap 1302 and maintain the
spacing between the cap 1302 and the body 1304. In this way, a channel 1326 is
formed between the cap 1302 and the body 1304 to allow fluid to flow to the inlet
1314 of the body 1304 and into the passage 1310.
As mentioned above, the body 1304 does not have a constant cross-section along
its length. The outer surface 1382 of the body 1304 tapers inwardly from its
second (lower) end 1384 at the outlet 1388 of the passage 1310, to its first (upper)
end 1312 at the inlet 1314. As a result, when the cap 1302 is mounted to the body
1304, the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel 1326 (between the cap 1302
and the body 1304) increases with proximity to the first end 1312 or inlet 1314.
As a result of this arrangement, fluid that is passing through the fluid channel (see
Figure 14, channel 1438) decreases in velocity as it moves from the second end
1384 of the body 1304 to the first end of the body 1304. This decrease in velocity
may help to ensure that the fluid has insufficient energy to carry solids (e.g. sand,
dirt, etc.) into the passage 1310.
The inner surface 1378 of the body 1304 has a curved form. In general
(depending on the type, flow rate, etc. of the fluid), surface tension in the fluid
may cause it to flow along this inner surface 1378 rather than drop down the
centre of the passage 1310.
At the second end 1384 (i.e. adjacent the outlet 1388) the body 1304 is mounted
to a coupling portion 1390, which allows the drainage system 1300 to be coupled
to e.g. a fluid dispersing pipe 1391. The coupling portion 1390 comprises a
generally tubular side wall 1392 that couples with the body 1304 so as to create a
fluid-tight seal between the coupling portion 1390 and the body 1304. A
generally planar base 1393 extends across the coupling portion 1390 (i.e. bounded
by the tubular sidewall 1392), and a weir portion 1394, also having a tubular pipe
shape, extends through the planar base 1393.
Hence, on an upper side of the planar base 1393 of the coupling portion (adjacent
the outlet 1388 of the body 1304) a trough is formed between the weir portion
1394 and the sidewall 1392 of the coupling portion 1390. The lower side (e.g.
underside) of the coupling portion 1390 comprises a tubular projection 1395 that
extends from the planar base 1393 and fits within an aperture 1397 in the fluid
dispersing pipe 1391.
The coupling portion 1390 further comprises curved arms 1396 that extend from
the lower side of the planar base 1393 and are shaped so as to grip the fluid
dispersing pipe 1391 (i.e. at the location of the opening 1397).
The system further comprises a sealing member, in the form of a foam ring 1398.
In Figures 13A and 13B, this ring 1398 is shown between the body 1304 and the
coupling portion 1390. However, in use, this ring 1398 is positioned between the
fluid dispersing pipe 1391 and the coupling portion 1390 (around the projecting
part of the weir portion 1394) so as to create a fluid seal between the pipe 1391
and the coupling portion 1390.
In use, fluid passes from the passage 1310 of the body into the coupling portion
1390 and collects in the trough. Once the level of water reaches the top of the
weir portion 1394, it flows from the trough through the centre of the weir portion
1394 and into the fluid dispersing pipe 1391. This weir portion 1394 provides a
secondary barrier to solids that may have passed into the inlet 1314 of the body
1304 and through the passage 1310.
Figure 14 shows a variation of the embodiment shown in Figures 13A and 13B
and described above. These figures are provided for the purpose of showing an
exemplary internal structure of the cap and body of the embodiment shown in
Figures 13A and 13B (albeit with minor variations). Hence, similar numbering
has been used in this figure.
Also apparent from Figure 14 is the weir portion 1494 that defines a trough
around an opening (that leads to the pipe 1491), except that the trough is bounded
by the weir portion 1494 and the body 1404 (rather than by the sidewall of the
weir portion as is the case in Figures 13A and 13B).
Variations and modifications may be made to the parts previously described
without departing from the spirit or ambit of the disclosure.
For example, the drainage system may comprise a locator element to allow for
location of the system when buried under e.g. sand in a bunker. This locator
element may, for example, be in the form of metal part (e.g. disc, ring, plate, etc.)
that is affixed to the drainage system. This would allow the drainage system to be
detected by a metal detector. The locator element may otherwise be a transponder
emitting a signal, an NFC tag, RFID tag, etc.
The drainage system may additionally or alternatively comprise a levelling
device. For example, the levelling device may be a bullseye level mounted to the
drainage system (e.g. on the cap). This may allow an installer of the drainage
system to ensure that the body and cap are level when positioned on a water
dispersing pipe.
The body or drainpipe of the drainage system may not have a circular cross-
section. It may instead take any other suitable form (e.g. conical, box-like, etc).
The various portions of the drainage system (e.g. drainpipe, cap, base portion)
may be formed as separate connectable pieces, or may be integrally formed as a
single part.
In the claims which follow and in the preceding description, except where the
context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the
word “comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising” is used in an
inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to
preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of
the drainage system.
Claims (1)
- CLAIMS A drainage system configured to be buried in a permeable ground layer, the system comprising: a cap of a type that comprises an end wall and one or more sidewalls that extend from a perimeter of the end wall to define a recess within the cap; a body comprising: an inlet at a first end of the body, receivable within the recess of the cap; an outlet at a second end of the body; and a passage to allow fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet; a spacer arrangement comprising a mounting portion that extends from within the cap, the mounting portion configured to be received within the passage at the first inlet end of the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, the mounting portion locates within the passage at the first inlet end to mount the cap to the body, the spacer arrangement being further configured to space said one or more sidewalls of the cap from the body such that, when the inlet is received in the recess of the cap, a channel is formed between an inner surface of said one or more sidewalls of the cap and an outer surface of the body, with the channel that is formed having a cross-sectional width that is less than the length of the channel, whereby fluid is able to flow through the channel to the inlet at the first end of the body; and a coupling portion for coupling the body to a fluid dispersing pipe for dispersing fluid from the outlet, the coupling portion comprising arms for gripping the fluid dispersing pipe. A drainage system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the cross-sectional area of the channel is larger towards the first end than towards the second end of the body. A drainage system as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the outer surface of the body or inner surface of the cap is tapered between the first and second ends of the body. A drainage system as claimed in claim 3 wherein the outer surface of the body is tapered inwardly from the second end to the first end of the body. A drainage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the body and the cap are generally tubular in shape. A drainage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims comprising a weir portion arranged at the second end of the body, the weir portion comprising an opening in fluid connection with the dispersing pipe, and a trough at least partially surrounding the opening, such that fluid from the passage is able to collect in the trough and subsequently flow into the opening once the trough is sufficiently full. A drainage system as claimed in claim 6 wherein the weir portion is integral with the coupling portion. A drainage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further comprising a seal member disposed between the coupling portion and the fluid dispersing pipe. A drainage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the permeable layer is a sand layer. A drainage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further comprising a locator element to allow for location of the drainage system when buried. A drainage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims that is for drainage of a bunker on a golf course. A drainage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further comprising a levelling device mounted to the cap. A cap suitable for locating over the end of a drainpipe of a bunker drainage system, the cap of a type that comprises: an end wall; one or more sidewalls that extend from a perimeter of the end wall to define a recess for receipt therein of the drainpipe end; a spacer arrangement comprising a mounting portion that extends from within the cap, the mounting portion configured to be received within an opening at the drainpipe end such that, when the drainpipe end is received in the recess of the cap, the mounting portion locates within the drainpipe opening to mount the cap to the drainpipe; the spacer arrangement being further configured such that, when the drainpipe end is received in the recess of the cap, said one or more sidewalls of the cap are spaced from the drainpipe so as to form a channel that has a cross-sectional width that is less than a length of the channel, with the channel that is formed being arranged to allow fluid to flow to the opening at the drainpipe end between an outer surface of the drainpipe and an inner surface of the cap. A cap as claimed in claim 13, the cap being configured such that, when located over the end of a drainpipe, a cross-sectional area of the channel is larger at an end of the channel that is adjacent to the drainpipe end than the cross- sectional area of the channel at a fluid entrance to the channel. A cap as claimed in claim 13 or claim 14 wherein the inner surface of the cap is tapered between said channel end adjacent to the drainpipe end and said channel entrance. A drainage system configured to be buried in a permeable ground layer, the system comprising: a tubular-type end cap that has a closed end, an open end and an inner surface that defines a void; a drainpipe that has a wall defining an elongate passage for a fluid, the wall having an end portion that has an opening through which a fluid can pass to enter the passage, the wall being such that, when the end portion is located in the void of the tubular-type end cap and extends outwardly through the open end of the tubular-type end cap, an outer surface of the end portion of the wall has a circumference that is less than a circumference of the inner surface of the tubular-type end cap; and a spacer arrangement comprising a mounting portion that extends from within the void of the cap, the mounting portion configured to be received within the opening at the end portion of the wall such that, when the wall end portion is located in the void of the tubular-type end cap, the mounting portion locates within the opening to mount the tubular-type end cap to the drainpipe, the spacer arrangement being further configured such that, when the wall end portion is located in the void of the tubular-type end cap, said inner surface of the tubular-type end cap is supported in a spaced apart relationship from said outer surface of the end portion of the wall to define a space in the form of a channel that has a cross-sectional width that is less than a length of the channel, with the channel that is formed being arranged to allow for the fluid to flow between the outer surface of the end portion of the wall and the inner surface of the tubular-type end cap to enter the passage via the opening; and a coupling portion for coupling the drainpipe to a fluid dispersing pipe for dispersing fluid from the passage, the coupling portion comprising arms for gripping the fluid dispersing pipe.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2014904705 | 2014-11-21 | ||
AU2014904705A AU2014904705A0 (en) | 2014-11-21 | A drainage system and a drainpipe end cap for use in a drainage system | |
PCT/AU2015/000709 WO2016077873A1 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2015-11-23 | Drainage system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ732131A NZ732131A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
NZ732131B2 true NZ732131B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 |
Family
ID=
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