NZ627945A - Apparatus and method for detecting leak - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an apparatus for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling fluid flow in a building. The apparatus is comprised of an electrically operated valve; a flow detection means; an electronic controller; and a timing device adapted to set a time interval. The electrically operated valve, the flow detection means and the timing device are in electronic and operative communication with the electronic controller. The flow detection means is adapted to detect a flow of fluid as an output value for a duration of the time interval and send the output value to the electronic controller and the electronic controller is programmed to at least have a pre-determined value, to receive the output value and to compare the output value with the predetermined value to perform a control action. The control action is at least opening or closing of the electrically operated valve and switching on or off a pump that is operatively connected to the apparatus.

Description

Patents Form # 5 NEW ZEALAND Patents Act 1953 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION DATED: 28 July 2014 TITLE: Apparatus and Method for Detecting Leak We, 1) SULLIVAN, Mark James 2) CYNORTIC WATER SYSTEMS LIMITED Address: 1) 34 Pukerangi Crescent, Ellerslie, Auckland, New Zealand, 1051 2) Unit 3, 10 Hynds Road, Gate Pa, Tauranga, New Zealand, 3112 Nationality: 1) New Zealand 2) New Zealand do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: 194987NZ_PF#05_20140728_1024_PLH.doc FEE CODE – 1050 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING LEAK Field of the Invention The invention relates to an apparatus and method for detecting leaks and/or controlling fluid flow. The invention is directed particularly but not solely towards an apparatus and method for detecting fluid leak in the pipelines and/or controlling the flow of water.

Background of the Invention Water is a precious commodity for all. When the rain water supply is limited, source of water such as bore holes, springs and rivers can dry up.

People living in rural areas or countryside are dependent on tank water reservoirs and cannot afford to have their tanks run dry due to leak. If a leakage occurs unnoticed, the water tank could empty within a few hours and also the water pump could run dry, overheat and possibly fail.

Similarly, water is precious also for people living in larger urban areas or town. They often need to pay high prices for the town water supply. Also, if a water pipe or some other appliance connected to the supply bursts or breaks, a large amount of water can go to waste and the house could be flooded, sometimes causing extensive damage.

There are already several methods and apparatus known in the art that aim to solve the above noted problems of water leak. One of the previously known methods is the implementation of conductivity sensors along all water pipes and appliances with connections to the conductivity sensors using cables. The cables then must be wired to a central alarm or control panel to alert the owner of the water leak. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc However, one of the problems of such known methods and/or apparatus is that the water will continue to escape if the owner cannot shut off the water supply or if he/she does not notice the alarm in a timely manner or if he/she is absent from their house. If dependent on tank water reservoir, the pressure pump will run dry, overheat and possibly fail.

In a rural area, it could be several days before a water supply is replenished if a leak should empty the supply tank or reservoir.

In other fields, such as oil and/or gas pipeline systems, the leak of fluids in a pipeline is not desirable in terms of costs and can also be a safety risk. Furthermore, such fluid leak can also be hazardous to the environment. Additionally, if the leakage occurs unnoticed, the gaseous fluid storage tank could empty within a few hours and also the pressure pump would run dry, overheat and possibly fail catastrophically.

In this specification unless the contrary is expressly stated, where a document, act or item of knowledge is referred to or discussed, this reference or discussion is not an admission that the document, act or item of knowledge or any combination thereof was at the priority date, publicly available, known to the public, part of common general knowledge; or known to be relevant to an attempt to solve any problem with which this specification is concerned Object of the Invention It is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for detecting fluid leaks and/or controlling the water flow which at least in a preferred form will obviate or minimize some or all of the foregoing disadvantages in a simple yet effective manner or which will at least provide the public with a useful choice. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc Prior References All references, including any patents or patent applications cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference. No admission is made that any reference constitutes prior art. The discussion of the references states what their authors assert, and the applicants reserve the right to challenge the accuracy and pertinency of the cited documents. It will be clearly understood that, although a number of prior art publications may be referred to herein; this reference does not constitute an admission that any of these documents form part of the common general knowledge in the art, in New Zealand or in any other country.

Definitions It is acknowledged that the term ‘comprise’ may, under varying jurisdictions, be attributed with either an exclusive or an inclusive meaning. For the purpose of this specification, and unless otherwise noted, the term ‘comprise’ shall have an inclusive meaning - i.e. that it will be taken to mean an inclusion of not only the listed components it directly references, but also other non-specified components or elements. This rationale will also be used when the term ‘comprised’ or 'comprising' is used in relation to one or more steps in a method or process.

Unless otherwise stated, the term ‘fluid’ or ‘fluids’ in the context of this specification should be considered to include any substance that a skilled person would consider as a fluid and may include any liquid such as but not limited to water. Unless otherwise stated, the term ‘fluid’ should also be considered to encompass gaseous fluids.

Unless otherwise stated, the term ‘building’ or ‘buildings’ in the context of the specification should be considered to include any premises (industrial, commercial or residential). It may even include an industrial/factory plant provided with a fluid supply. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc Unless otherwise stated, the term ‘value’ or ‘values’ in the context of the specification should be considered to include any information or data that is in a computer readable form.

Summary of the Invention Accordingly, in the first aspect, the invention resides in an apparatus for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling fluid flow comprising: an electrically operated valve; a flow detection means; an electronic controller; and a timing device adapted to set a time interval; wherein, the electrically operated valve, the flow detection means and the timing device are in electronic and operative communication with the electronic controller, the flow detection means being adapted to detect a flow of fluid as an output value for a duration of the time interval and send the output value to the electronic controller, wherein, the electronic controller is programmed to at least have a pre-determined value, to receive the output value and to compare the output value with the predetermined value for performing a control action, the control action being opening or closing of the electrically operated valve and switching on or off a pump that is operatively connected to the apparatus.

Preferably, the timing device is pre-settable to different time intervals.

Preferably, the electronic controller and/or the timing device is/are housed inside a control box.

Preferably, the flow detection means comprises a separate flow detection device for detecting the flow of fluid, the flow detection device being operatively connected or housed inside a sensing unit. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc Preferably, the sensing unit is adapted to record the flow of fluid as the output value and send the output value to the electronic controller.

Preferably, the flow detection device is a thermal element that is adapted to heat the fluid to a pre-determined temperature.

Optionally, the flow detection device is a flow switch.

Optionally, the flow detection device is a fluid driven Pelton wheel that turns when the fluid is flowing.

Optionally, the flow detection device is a pitot tube.

In a second aspect, the invention resides in a method suitable for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling a fluid supply to a building using an apparatus, the apparatus comprising: an electrically operated valve; a flow detection means; an electronic controller ; and a timing device that is adapted to set a time interval, the electrically operated valve, the flow detection means and the timing device being in electronic and operative communication with the electronic controller; characterized in that the method comprises: fluidly and operatively connecting the apparatus to a fluid source and to the building using a fluid connection means; positioning the flow detection means or part of the flow detection means in communication with the fluid in the fluid connection means; 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc detecting a flow of fluid as an output value by the detecting means over the time interval; sending the output value from the detecting means to the electronic controller; receiving the sent output value by the electronic controller; comparing the output value with a predetermined value for determining a leak; performing a control action by the electronic controller, the control action being opening or closing of the electrically operated valve and switching on or off a pump that is operatively connected to the apparatus.

Preferably, the flow detection means in communication with the fluid in the fluid connection means at a location as close as possible to the fluid source.

Preferably, the fluid connection means is a pipeline that fluidly and operatively connects the apparatus to a fluid source and to a pipeline of the building.

Preferably, the fluid source is a fluid storage tank and the fluid is supplied from the fluid storage tank to the building using the pump.

Preferably, the control action that is performed by the electronic controller includes switching on or off an ancillary device or devices that is/are electronically and operatively connected to the electronic controller.

Preferably, the control action that is performed by the electronic controller includes activating a warning device or devices that is/are electronically and operatively connected to the electronic controller.

Preferably, the fluid is water. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc In a third aspect, the invention resides in a fluid control assembly comprising an apparatus that is suitable for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling a fluid supply to a building, the apparatus comprising: an electrically operated valve; a flow detection means; an electronic controller ; and a timing device that is adapted to set a time interval; the electrically operated valve, the flow detection means, and the timing device being in electronic and operative communication with the electronic controller; the flow detection means being adapted to detect a flow of fluid as an output value for a duration of the time interval and send the output value to the electronic controller; and the electronic controller being programmed to have a pre-determined value and is programmed to receive the output value and compare the output value with the predetermined value to determine a leak indication and perform a control action, the control action being opening or closing of the electrically operated valve and switching on or off a pump that is operatively connected to the apparatus; characterized in that the assembly further includes: a fluid connection means that fluidly and operatively connects the apparatus to a fluid source as well as to a building, the connection being such that the flow detection means or part of the flow detection means is being in communication with the fluid connection means.

Preferably, the flow detection means is in communication with the fluid connection means at a location that is as close as possible to the fluid source.

Preferably, the fluid connection means is a pipeline that fluidly and operatively connects the apparatus to the fluid source and to a pipeline of the building.

Preferably, the timing device is pre-settable at different intervals. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc Preferably, the electronic controller is housed inside a control unit.

Preferably, the fluid control assembly, further comprises at least one warning device that is in electronic and operative communication with the controller and is capable of being activated upon receiving a warning signal from the controller.

Preferably, the at least one warning device is chosen from a siren, a light or a text message transmitting device.

Preferably, the fluid control assembly further comprises at least one ancillary device that is in electronic and operative communication with the controller and is capable of being switched on or switched off upon receiving a signal from the controller.

Preferably, the at least one ancillary device is a filter and sterilizing apparatus.

Preferably, the fluid is water.

Preferably, the flow detection means comprises a flow detection device for detecting the flow of fluid, the flow detection device being operatively connected or housed inside a sensing unit.

Preferably, the sensing unit is adapted to record the flow of fluid as the output value and send the output value to the electronic controller.

Preferably, the flow detection device is a thermal element that is adapted to heat the fluid to a pre-determined temperature.

Optionally, the flow detection device is a flow switch.

Optionally, the flow detection device is a fluid driven Pelton wheel that turns when the fluid is flowing. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc Optionally, the flow detection device is a pitot tube.

Preferably, the fluid is water.

These and other features and characteristics of the present invention, as well as the method of operation and functions of the related elements of structures and the combination of parts and economics of manufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which form part of this specification, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the various figures.

For purposes of the description hereinafter, the terms “upper”, “lower”, “right”, “left”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “lateral”, “longitudinal” and derivatives thereof shall relate to the invention as it is oriented in the drawing figures. However it is to be understood that the invention may assume various alternative variations, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the specific devices illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the invention. Hence specific dimensions and other physical characteristics related to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting.

Brief Description of Drawings The invention will now be described in detail, by way of example only, by reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of an apparatus of the preferred embodiment of the invention Figure 2a is the top plan view of the apparatus Figure 2b is a schematic view of the apparatus of the preferred embodiment connected to a main water pipe. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of a system or a fluid flow assembly showing the use of the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2 in rural or low rainfall areas Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of a system or a fluid flow assembly showing the use of the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2 in urban areas having town water supply/municipal supply Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart showing the systems or fluid flow assemblies of Figures 3 and 4 Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment(s) The following description will describe the invention in relation to examples and/or drawings. The invention is in no way limited to the example(s) and/or drawings as they are purely to exemplify the invention only and that possible variations and modifications would be readily apparent without departing from the scope of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a schematic flow chart of one preferred embodiment of the apparatus (100) for detecting leak and controlling fluid flow, and Figures 2(a) and 2(b) show a schematic view of the apparatus.

Here, the apparatus (100) is being used for detecting water leak and controlling water flow.

The apparatus (100) in this preferred embodiment comprises the following components that are physically and/or operatively connected to each other: a) A controlling means in a form of controller (101) housed inside an electronic control box (102) b) flow detection means or a detection device (105) that is housed inside a sensing unit (104) and in communication with a fluid line (130). c) an electrically operated valve (106) d) and a timing device (103) housed inside the electronic control box (102) 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc The control box (102) requires a power source which could be any power source such as but not limited to a mains supply or a battery, or a battery charged by a solar power source. The control box (102) or the controller (101) is in electronic communication with a timer or timing device (103) that is adapted to or is programmed to determine maximum period of water flow. The control box (102) or the controller (101) is also adapted to or programmed to send current or signal to an electrically operated valve (106) that is in electronic communication with the control box (102) or the controller (101).

Furthermore, the control box (102) or the controller (101) is adapted to or programmed to activate a warning device (not shown) for example, siren, light or text message to a mobile device etc. The controller (101) or the control box (102) is also adapted to or is programmed to switch off any pump (112) or any accessory device (114). All of these are described later in further detail.

The control box (102) can have an electric plug (127), as shown in Figure 2b, for the pump (112). The control box (102) can also have outlets (125) for connection to any other external accessories/devices, for example cell phones, warning devices etc.

The sensing unit (104) is configured to automatically send water flow information to the control box (102). The flow detection device (105) in this preferred embodiment is a part of the sensing unit (104).

It is important to note that the flow detection device (105) is not designed to ascertain the amount of flow, rather the constancy of the flow. In other words, the flow detection device (105) is configured to sense the flow of water rather than measuring the amount of water.

The electrically operated valve (106) in this preferred example is an automatic shut-off valve that requires power before it can operate. More particularly, in this preferred embodiment, the electrically operated valve (106) is a ball valve (106 a) operated by a solenoid (106b). Upon power failure, the electrically operated valve (106) defaults to the open position therefore not relying upon a continuous power supply to remain open. The 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc electrically operated valve (106) is configured to be electrically and operatively connected to the control box (102) such that when the electrically connected valve (106) receives a signal or a current from the control box (102), the electrically operated valve (106) closes and remains closed until reset from the control box (102).

Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart that shows how the apparatus is best fitted in a fluid flow assembly or a system (200) in a rural areas or areas with lower rainfall.

As shown in Figure 3, water is received from a water source (108) such as but not limited to and/or stream river, lake (108a), a rain water harvest system (108b), and/or a bore (108c).

Typically, in rural areas or areas with lower rainfall, the water sourced from such sources (108a, 108b and 108c) is stored on a private storage facility such as a tank (110) before it can be supplied to a building (116) The apparatus (100) is connected as closes as possible to the tank (110).Water is pumped from the tank (110) to the internal pipelines of the building (116) using a pump (112).

There is an optional device, i.e. a filter and sterilizing system (114) e.g. WATERGUARD Filter and Sterilizing System located between the pump and the building (116) through which the pumped water passes through in order to supply clean, purified and sterilized water to the building (116). It goes without saying that the water source (108), tank (110), apparatus (100), pump (112), filter and sterilizing system (114) and the internal pipelines of the building (116) are operatively connected to each other using a suitable fluid connection means, for example water pipe(s).

An operation of the apparatus in the system or assembly (200) will now be described with reference to Figures 1-3.

The apparatus (100) is positioned in the system so that the flow detection device (105) of the sensing unit (103) is placed into or is in contact with the mains water pipe (130), 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc preferably as close as possible to the tank (110). The controller (110) of the electronic control box (102) will activate the timer or the timing device (104), which can easily be pre-set to different intervals by a user, typically between few seconds and 60 minutes. It would be up to the user to preset the timer to a value that is appropriate for their application. In some cases, it may take few attempts for the user to discover the pre-set interval that is appropriate for their application.

The flow detection device (105) will then detect the rate of the water flow for that pre-set interval and the sensing unit (104). The sensing unit (104) that is in electronic communication with the control box (102) will communicate or transmit or send a signal containing water flow value to the control box (102) which will receive the water flow value. The controller (105) of the control box (106) will then compare that value with a pre-determined value in order to determine if there is a leak and then take necessary action(s). By necessary action, it is meant the action or actions that the controller (105) inside the control box (102) are programmed to do. The pump (112) is connected directly to the control box (102). When the leak is detected or indicated, the power to the pump (112) is isolated. Alternatively, current/signal is sent to the pump thereby switching off the pump (112).

In the event of the leak or even an indication of a leak, the control box (102) may also send a signal/current to the electrically operated valve (106) to shut-off the valve and close-off the supply. One way of doing this the control box (102) may send a 12V/24V signal by to the solenoid (106b) which closes the ball valve (106a). In this way, either of the pump (112) or the electrically operated valve and the pump can act as a safety device.

If a solenoid (106a) should fail, the pump (112) will not allow water to flow, thus stopping water from leaking. If the pump (112) fails to shut-off, the ball valve (106a) closes of the water supply.

In the event of the leak or even an indication of a leak, the control box (102), the control box (102) can even any accessory device(s) such as a filter and sterilizing system (114) thereby as any ancillary device(s). The control box (102) may also activate any warning 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc devices that are operatively connected (either physically or wirelessly) to the apparatus in order to warn the user of the leak. Some examples of warning devices are sirens, lights, sending of text messages to a mobile phone etc.

In this particular embodiment, the flow detection device (105) is a thermal element that heats the water in the fluid line or the mains water pipe (130) to a pre-determined temperature. If there is a leak, the water will continue to flow in the water pipe and consequently pre-determined temperature will not be reached within the pre-set interval.

In the event, this temperature is not reached within the pre-set interval; the sensing unit (104) (example, thermostat) will send a signal to the controller (105) or the control box (102). The controller (105) or the control box (102) will send a signal/current to the electronic control valve (106) to shut-off the valve and close-off the supply. The controller (101) or the control box (102) will also send a ‘switch off’ signal to the pump (112) and to any filter and sterilizing system (114) thereby switching off-the pump (112) and the filter and sterilizing system (104).In this way, the apparatus (100) will prevent the pump (112) from running dry.

It is preferred that the thermal element that is used as the flow detection device (105) is most sensitive so that it can be used to detect extremely minute flow, for example a dripping tap.

Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart that shows how the apparatus is best fitted in fluid flow assembly or a system or assembly (300) in urban areas or town where there is no requirement of a separate tank or private storage facility.

In such case, the apparatus (100) is connected directly and preferably as close as possible to where the town water/municipal supply (108d) enters the building. In this example, it can be seen that the water then passes through an optional device i.e. a water and sterilizing system (114) e.g. WATERGUARD Filter and Sterilizing System before in order to supply clean, purified and sterilized water to the building (116). Again, it goes without saying the town water supply/municipal supply (108d), the apparatus (100), the 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc filter and sterilizing system (114) and the building (114) are connected by a suitable fluid connection means such as a water pipe.

In the system or assembly (300) of Figure 4, the apparatus (106) functions and is used in the very much the same way as explained above. That is, the apparatus (100) is positioned in the system so that the flow detection device (103) is inserted into the mains water pipe, preferably as close as possible to the municipal supply (108d).The controller (101) of the electronic control box (102) will activate the timing device (103), which can easily be set to different intervals by a user, typically between few seconds and 60 minutes. Again, it would be up to the user to preset the timer to a value that is appropriate for their application.

The flow detection device (105) such as a sensitive thermal element as described above will then detect the rate of the water flow and the sensing unit (104) will record the results detected by the flow detection device (105) as water flow value. The sensing unit (104) that is in electronic communication with the control box (102) will communicate that value to the control box (102) which will then compare that value with a pre- determined value to determine whether a leak and take necessary action(s). By necessary action, it is meant the action or actions that the controller inside the control box (102) are programmed to do. For example in the event of the leak in such urban setting, the control box (102) may send a signal/current to the electrically operated valve (106) to shut-off the valve and close-off the supply in the same way as described above. The control box (102) can even send a current/signal to any ancillary device(s) such as a filter and sterilizing system (114) thereby switching it off. If there is a pump, the pump can also be switched off. The control box (106) may also activate any warning devices that are operatively connected (either physically or wirelessly connected) to the apparatus in order to warn the user to warn the user of the leak. Some examples of warning devices are sirens, lights, sending of text messages to a mobile phone etc.

In this way the apparatus (100) of the preferred embodiment shall overcome the short coming of the previously known apparatus, methods or techniques by closing the water supply at tank (110) or other point of distribution such as municipal supply (108d). 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc In summary, by means of controller (101) physically or operatively coupled with a timing device (103), the apparatus (100) will clearly identify , if a water leak has occurred or if an outlet such as tap has occurred or if a trough has a leaking stopcock. A signal will then be given to the controller (101) or the control unit (102), which will then shut off the water supply at the tank (110) or other point of distribution by activating an electrically controlled valve (106). Where, there is a pump (112), the pump will also be disconnected from the power source to prevent subsequent damage that could occur if the pump (112) runs dry. Any possible loss of water will thus be limited.

Variations It will of course be realized that while the foregoing has been given by way of illustrative example of this invention, all such and other modifications and variations thereto as would be apparent to persons skilled in the art are deemed to fall within the broad scope and ambit of this invention as is hereinbefore described.

In the preferred embodiment, the control box (102) houses a controller (101) (for example a microcontroller) and a timing device (103). However, the controller and/or timing device does not need to be housed inside the control box (102) and can operate simply by being in electronic communication (either wirelessly or using wires) with each other. Also the flow detection device (105) does not need to be housed inside a sensing unit (104) and can instead be in electronic communication (either wirelessly or using wires) with the sensing unit. In fact, all the components (101, 104 and 106) as well as the sub components (101, 103, and 105) can be in electronic communications with each other either using wires or wirelessly.

The sensing unit (104) may comprise a recording means adapted to record the water flow detected by a flow detection device (105). That water flow value can then be sent to the to the electronic controller (101) by the sensing unit (104) to be compared with the pre- determined value stored within the electronic controller (101) before performing any necessary control action by the electronic controller (101). Alternatively, the recording of 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc flow value over the duration of time interval may take place inside an electronic controller (101) itself rather than in the sensing unit (104) and the flow detection device (105).

The sensing unit (104) and/or at least a part of the fluid pipeline that is in communication with the sensing unit can be thermally insulated, for example housed with glass wool, to prevent the ambient temperature from affecting the heating rate.

The controller (101) can be any controller that a skilled person would envisage to be capable of performing the function, such as but not limited to Programmable logic controller (PLC) microcontroller or Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chip(s).

In the preferred embodiments flow detection device (105) is a thermal element. As explained in the description of preferred embodiments section, use of sensitive thermal element is advantageous as it allows detecting extremely minute flows. However, a flow detection device (105) can be a flow switch or a water/fluid driven Pelton wheel. The flow switch is not as sensitive as the thermal element and would only measure a larger flow. A water/fluid driven Pelton wheel is something of an intermediate option between the thermal element and the water/fluid driven Pelton wheel as it is not as sensitive as the thermal element but is more sensitive than a flow switch. The flow detection device (105) can also be a pitot tube.

Although, the preferred embodiment discloses use of ball valve (106a) that is electrically operated by a solenoid (106b), any other form of electrically operated valve that a skilled person would envisage to be suitable for the purpose can be used.

Although, the preferred embodiment discloses the use of apparatus (100) for detecting leak of water in buildings, the apparatus should not be deemed as being limited to such specific use. The person skilled in the art can envisage the use of the apparatus in determining and/or controlling the flow of water from the outlets such as but not limited 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc to taps, faucets, showers etc. Similarly, the apparatus can be used for detection of leak and/or control of flow in many other fields systems that use fluid lines/ fluid pipelines and pumps (e.g. pressure pumps). For example, the apparatus (100) can be used to detect leak and control flow of oil in the pipelines of the oil industry. Similarly, the apparatus (100) can be used in gas pipelines for detection of gas leak and/or to control the flow of gaseous fluid. In such cases, a pitot tube is preferably used as a flow detection device.

The apparatus can be manually or automatically set to start at a particular time of the day or night as desired by the user e.g. 2 AM.

Although, the preferred embodiments mainly describe the controller (101) or the control box (102) programmed to cause switching off the pump (112), closing the electrically operated valve (106) and/or switching off any ancillary devices, a person skilled in the art will appreciate that the controller (101) or controller box (102) may also be programmed to send a signal that switches on the pump (112), open the electrically operated valve and/or switch on any ancillary devices thereby making the apparatus (100) suitable for use in several other fluid flow control applications.

Advantages of the invention Some of the main advantages or benefits of the inventions are as follows: • The apparatus measures the fluid flow and reacts accordingly without requiring intervention from a third party. As explained above, the apparatus will automatically switch off the supply when there is a leak. This is advantageous particularly in situation when there is nobody around in the premises to deal with the issue of fluid flow or leak.

• The apparatus can be used in municipal or urban areas as well as in rural areas or low rainfall areas where there is extreme reliance on a static (tank) supply. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc • The apparatus is simple to use. For example, the user can anytime switch off the apparatus (100) by simply unplugging it from the power source.

• In the system where a pump is used the apparatus can be configured to switch off the pump in the event of abnormal fluid flow, the apparatus can therefore prevent the pump from running dry and/or getting damaged. Also, stopping the pump may save the pump from overheating and possible damage. 194987NZ_complete_specification_20140728_PLH.doc

Claims (36)

CLAIMS 1.:

1. An apparatus configured to be used in a building, for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling fluid flow, the apparatus comprising: an electrically operated valve; a flow detection means; an electronic controller; and a timing device adapted to set a time interval; wherein, the electrically operated valve, the flow detection means and the timing device being in electronic and operative communication with the electronic controller, the flow detection means being adapted to detect a flow of fluid as an output value for a duration of the time interval and send the output value to the electronic controller, and wherein, the electronic controller is programmed to at least have a pre-determined value, to receive the output value and to compare the output value with the predetermined value to perform a control action, the control action being at least opening or closing of the electrically operated valve and switching on or off a pump that is operatively connected to the apparatus.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the timing device is pre-settable to different time intervals.

3. An apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electronic controller and/or the timing device is/are housed inside a control box.

4. An apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow detection means comprises a separate flow detection device for detecting the flow of fluid, the flow detection device being operatively connected or housed inside a sensing unit.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sensing unit being adapted to record the flow of fluid as the output value and send the output value to the electronic controller. 194987NZ_claims_20160218_PLH

6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the flow detection device is a thermal element that is adapted to heat the fluid to a pre-determined temperature.

7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the flow detection device is a flow switch.

8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the flow detection device is a fluid driven Pelton wheel that turns when the fluid is flowing.

9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the flow detection device is a pitot tube.

10. A method suitable for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling a fluid supply to a building using an apparatus, the apparatus comprising: an electrically operated valve; a flow detection means; an electronic controller ; and a timing device that is adapted to set a time interval, the electrically operated valve, the flow detection means and the timing device being in electronic and operative communication with the electronic controller; characterized in that the method comprises: fluidly and operatively connecting the apparatus to a fluid source and to the building using a fluid connection means; positioning the flow detection means or part of the flow detection means in communication with the fluid in the fluid connection means; detecting a flow of fluid as an output value by the detecting means over the time interval; sending the output value from the detecting means to the electronic controller; receiving the sent output value by the electronic controller; comparing the output value with a predetermined value; and 194987NZ_claims_20160218_PLH performing a control action by the electronic controller, the control action being at least opening or closing of the electrically operated valve and switching on or off a pump that is operatively connected to the apparatus.

11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the flow detection means in communication with the fluid in the fluid connection means at a location as close as possible to the fluid source.

12. A method as claimed in claim 10 or 11, wherein the fluid connection means is a pipeline that fluidly and operatively connects the apparatus to a fluid source and to a pipeline of the building.

13. A method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the fluid source is a fluid storage tank and the fluid is supplied from the fluid storage tank to the building using the pump.

14. A method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the control action that is performed by the electronic controller includes switching on or off an ancillary device or devices that is/are electronically and operatively connected to the electronic controller.

15. A method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the control action that is performed by the electronic controller includes activating a warning device or devices that is/are electronically and operatively connected to the electronic controller.

16. A fluid control assembly comprising an apparatus suitable for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling a fluid supply to a building using an apparatus, the apparatus comprising: an electrically operated valve; a flow detection means; an electronic controller ; and a timing device that is adapted to set a time interval; the electrically operated valve, the flow detection means, and the timing device being in electronic and operative communication with the electronic controller; the flow detection 194987NZ_claims_20160218_PLH means being adapted to detect a flow of fluid as an output value for a duration of the time interval and send the output value to the electronic controller; and the electronic controller being programmed to have a pre-determined value and is programmed to receive the output value and compare the output value with the predetermined value and perform a control action, the control action being opening or closing of the electrically operated valve and switching on or off a pump that is operatively connected to the apparatus; characterized in that the assembly further comprises: a fluid connection means that fluidly and operatively connects the apparatus to a fluid source as well as to the building, the connection being such that the positioning the flow detection means or part of the flow detection means being in communication with the fluid connection means.

17. A fluid control assembly as claimed in claim 16, wherein the flow detection means is in communication with the fluid connection means at a location that is as close as possible to the fluid source.

18. A fluid control assembly as claimed in claim 16 or 17, wherein the fluid connection means is a pipeline that fluidly and operatively connects the apparatus to the fluid source and to a pipeline of the building.

19. A fluid control assembly as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the timing device is pre-settable to different intervals.

20. A fluid control assembly as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the electronic controller is housed inside a control unit.

21. A fluid control assembly as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 20, further comprising at least one warning device that is in electronic and operative communication with the controller and is capable of being activated upon receiving a warning signal from the controller. 194987NZ_claims_20160218_PLH

22. A fluid flow assembly as claimed in claim 21, wherein the at least one warning device is chosen from a siren, a light or a text message transmitting device.

23. A fluid control assembly as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 22, further comprising at least one ancillary device that is in electronic and operative communication with the controller and is capable of being switched on or switched off upon receiving a signal from the controller.

24. A fluid flow assembly as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one ancillary device is a filter and sterilizing apparatus.

25. A fluid control assembly as claimed in any one claims 16 to 24, wherein the flow detection means comprises a flow detection device for detecting the flow of fluid, the flow detection device being operatively connected or housed inside a sensing unit.

26. A fluid control assembly as claimed in claim 25, wherein the sensing unit being adapted to record the flow of fluid as the output value and send the output value to the electronic controller.

27. A fluid control assembly as claimed in claim 25 or 26, wherein the flow detection device is a thermal element that is adapted to heat the fluid to a pre-determined temperature.

28. A fluid control assembly as claimed in claim 25 or 26, wherein the flow detection device is a flow switch.

29. A fluid control assembly as claimed in claim 25 or 26, wherein the flow detection device is a fluid driven Pelton wheel that turns when the fluid is flowing.

30. The fluid control assembly as claimed in claim 25 or 26, wherein the flow detection device is a pitot tube.

31. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fluid is water. 194987NZ_claims_20160218_PLH

32. A method as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 15, where in the fluid is water.

33. A fluid control assembly as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 30, wherein the fluid is water.

34. An apparatus for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling fluid flow as substantially herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

35. A method suitable for detecting fluid leak and/or controlling a fluid supply to a building as substantially herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

36. A fluid control assembly as substantially herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings. PIPERS Attorneys for CYNORTIC INTERNATIONAL WATER SYSTEMS LIMITED 194987NZ_claims_20160218_PLH