NZ624217B2 - Stable pesticidal compositions - Google Patents
Stable pesticidal compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ624217B2 NZ624217B2 NZ624217A NZ62421712A NZ624217B2 NZ 624217 B2 NZ624217 B2 NZ 624217B2 NZ 624217 A NZ624217 A NZ 624217A NZ 62421712 A NZ62421712 A NZ 62421712A NZ 624217 B2 NZ624217 B2 NZ 624217B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- solid
- active ingredient
- oil
- core
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 258
- 230000000361 pesticidal Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000005471 Benfluralin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- SMDHCQAYESWHAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benfluralin Chemical compound CCCCN(CC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SMDHCQAYESWHAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001804 emulsifying Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- OLZQTUCTGLHFTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-2-yl 2-(4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)oxyacetate Chemical group CCCCCCC(C)OC(=O)COC1=NC(F)=C(Cl)C(N)=C1Cl OLZQTUCTGLHFTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- PTFJIKYUEPWBMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethalfluralin Chemical compound CC(=C)CN(CC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O PTFJIKYUEPWBMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ROBSGBGTWRRYSK-SNVBAGLBSA-N (2R)-2-[4-(4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1F ROBSGBGTWRRYSK-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- MPPOHAUSNPTFAJ-SECBINFHSA-N (2R)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2O1 MPPOHAUSNPTFAJ-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- YUBJPYNSGLJZPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dithiopyr Chemical compound CSC(=O)C1=C(C(F)F)N=C(C(F)(F)F)C(C(=O)SC)=C1CC(C)C YUBJPYNSGLJZPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005513 Fenoxaprop-P Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ABOOPXYCKNFDNJ-SNVBAGLBSA-N (2R)-2-[4-(6-chloroquinoxalin-2-yl)oxyphenoxy]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=CN=C(C=C(Cl)C=C2)C2=N1 ABOOPXYCKNFDNJ-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GOCUAJYOYBLQRH-MRVPVSSYSA-N (2S)-2-(4-{[3-CHLORO-5-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PYRIDIN-2-YL]OXY}PHENOXY)PROPANOIC ACID Chemical compound C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=NC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1Cl GOCUAJYOYBLQRH-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MPPOHAUSNPTFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[(6-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2O1 MPPOHAUSNPTFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GOCUAJYOYBLQRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxyphenoxy]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=NC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1Cl GOCUAJYOYBLQRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005565 Haloxyfop-P Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ABOOPXYCKNFDNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quizalofop Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=CN=C(C=C(Cl)C=C2)C2=N1 ABOOPXYCKNFDNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005609 Quizalofop-P Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005502 Cyhalofop-butyl Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- TYIYMOAHACZAMQ-CQSZACIVSA-N Cyhalofop-butyl Chemical group C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(=O)OCCCC)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1F TYIYMOAHACZAMQ-CQSZACIVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 sucrose ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001228 Polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940060367 Inert Ingredients Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-GDQSFJPYSA-N Sucrose Natural products O([C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1)[C@@]1(CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-GDQSFJPYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrapyrin Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=N1 DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N D-sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005529 Florasulam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QZXATCCPQKOEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Florasulam Chemical compound N=1N2C(OC)=NC=C(F)C2=NC=1S(=O)(=O)NC1=C(F)C=CC=C1F QZXATCCPQKOEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- GLBLPMUBLHYFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(5,7-dimethoxy-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)-2-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-3-sulfonamide Chemical compound N1=C2N=C(OC)C=C(OC)N2N=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(OC)N=CC=C1C(F)(F)F GLBLPMUBLHYFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005607 Pyroxsulam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 101700082413 tant Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004427 diamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- OXLXSOPFNVKUMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCCCCCCCC OXLXSOPFNVKUMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ODFJOVXVLFUVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetarsol Chemical group CC(=O)NC1=CC([As](O)(O)=O)=CC=C1O ODFJOVXVLFUVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- YUIKUTLBPMDDNQ-MRVPVSSYSA-N (2R)-2-[4-(5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)oxyphenoxy]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OC1=NC=C(Cl)C=C1F YUIKUTLBPMDDNQ-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000005498 Clodinafop Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002363 herbicidal Effects 0.000 description 56
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 54
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 53
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000000240 adjuvant Effects 0.000 description 29
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 27
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 23
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 17
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ethanediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000004490 capsule suspension Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzisothiazolinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NSC2=C1 DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005558 Fluroxypyr Substances 0.000 description 7
- MEFQWPUMEMWTJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluroxypyr Chemical compound NC1=C(Cl)C(F)=NC(OCC(O)=O)=C1Cl MEFQWPUMEMWTJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 244000053095 fungal pathogens Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920002816 CELVOL ® 205 Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000855 fungicidal Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000749 insecticidal Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- BLXVTZPGEOGTGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(4-nonylphenoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCCOCCO)C=C1 BLXVTZPGEOGTGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000005591 Pendimethalin Substances 0.000 description 4
- CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pendimethalin Chemical compound CCC(CC)NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WMGSQTMJHBYJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;magnesium;silicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] WMGSQTMJHBYJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 description 3
- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005945 Chlorpyrifos-methyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005811 Myclobutanil Substances 0.000 description 3
- HZJKXKUJVSEEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myclobutanil Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(CCCC)(C#N)CN1C=NC=N1 HZJKXKUJVSEEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003972 agrochemical formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HRBKVYFZANMGRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos-methyl Chemical group COP(=S)(OC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl HRBKVYFZANMGRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L disodium;(2R)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC=CC(C[C@H](CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001959 sucrose esters of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010965 sucrose esters of fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-GCMPRSNUSA-N γ-cyhalothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-GCMPRSNUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N (1R)-cis-(alphaS)-cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNTGYJSOUMFZEP-SSDOTTSWSA-N (R)-mecoprop Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C WNTGYJSOUMFZEP-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYKLUAIDKVVEOS-JLHYYAGUSA-N (Z)-N-(cyanomethoxy)benzenecarboximidoyl cyanide Chemical compound N#CCO\N=C(/C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 PYKLUAIDKVVEOS-JLHYYAGUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(CCC)CN1C=NC=N1 WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHXHZCIAPNNPTQ-JUFJSZMKSA-N 2-[1-[[(E)-3-chloroprop-2-enoxy]amino]propylidene]-5-(oxan-4-yl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(=O)C(=C(NOC\C=C\Cl)CC)C(=O)CC1C1CCOCC1 PHXHZCIAPNNPTQ-JUFJSZMKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTXDBYSCVQQBNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O PTXDBYSCVQQBNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YASYVMFAVPKPKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acephate Chemical compound COP(=O)(SC)NC(C)=O YASYVMFAVPKPKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005875 Acetamiprid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N Acetamiprid Chemical compound N#C/N=C(\C)N(C)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005874 Bifenthrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005489 Bromoxynil Substances 0.000 description 2
- UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromoxynil Chemical compound OC1=C(Br)C=C(C#N)C=C1Br UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWFOCCVIPCEQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorfenapyr Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(F)(F)F)N(COCC)C(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C#N CWFOCCVIPCEQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005892 Deltamethrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N Deltamethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWZPCEFYPSAJFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinoseb Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O OWZPCEFYPSAJFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 108010000700 EC 2.2.1.6 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- FQKUGOMFVDPBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Flusilazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 FQKUGOMFVDPBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMAAYIYCDXGUAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indanofan Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1(CC)CC1(C=2C=C(Cl)C=CC=2)CO1 PMAAYIYCDXGUAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005907 Indoxacarb Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005574 MCPA Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNTGYJSOUMFZEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mecoprop Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C WNTGYJSOUMFZEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005576 Mecoprop-P Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005916 Methomyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHXUZOCRWCRNSJ-QPJJXVBHSA-N Methomyl Chemical compound CNC(=O)O\N=C(/C)SC UHXUZOCRWCRNSJ-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940049964 Oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- RLBIQVVOMOPOHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N parathion-methyl Chemical group COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 RLBIQVVOMOPOHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CSWIKHNSBZVWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pethoxamide Chemical compound CCOCCN(C(=O)CCl)C(=C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 CSWIKHNSBZVWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FROBCXTULYFHEJ-OAHLLOKOSA-N propaquizafop Chemical compound C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(=O)OCCON=C(C)C)=CC=C1OC1=CN=C(C=C(Cl)C=C2)C2=N1 FROBCXTULYFHEJ-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VTRWMTJQBQJKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyributicarb Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(N(C)C(=S)OC=2C=C(C=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)=N1 VTRWMTJQBQJKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXJSOEPQXUCJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridaphenthion Chemical compound N1=C(OP(=S)(OCC)OCC)C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 CXJSOEPQXUCJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimethanil Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITKAIUGKVKDENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidifen Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(CCOCC)=CC=C1OCCNC1=NC=NC(CC)=C1Cl ITKAIUGKVKDENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003128 rodenticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003620 semiochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MXMXHPPIGKYTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N silthiofam Chemical compound CC=1SC([Si](C)(C)C)=C(C(=O)NCC=C)C=1C MXMXHPPIGKYTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGLWZSOBALDPEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N simetryn Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(NCC)=NC(SC)=N1 MGLWZSOBALDPEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-dibutylnaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCC)C(CCCC)=CC2=C1 KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UKNAYQWNMMGCNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-oxido-oxophosphanium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][P+](=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UKNAYQWNMMGCNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical compound CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960005199 tetramethrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolclofos-methyl Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=C(Cl)C=C(C)C=C1Cl OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPALTCMYPARVNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolfenpyrad Chemical compound CCC1=NN(C)C(C(=O)NCC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC(C)=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1Cl WPALTCMYPARVNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylfluanid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)N(SC(F)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- NKNFWVNSBIXGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CSC1=NC(C(C)(C)C)=NN1C(=O)N(C)C NKNFWVNSBIXGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000021037 unidirectional conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014052 white goosefoot Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylylcarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
- A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
- B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
- B01J13/16—Interfacial polymerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
Abstract
Disclosed are stable, high-load, solid pesticidal compositions comprising: 1) a microcapsule comprising (a) a water insoluble, thin-wall polyurea shell, and (b) a core comprising a low melting active ingredient; 2) a solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer; and 3) a solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant present. The pesticidal compositions exhibit physical and chemical stability, and high biological efficacy when used to control pests in crop or non-crop environments. In particular embodiments, the low melting active ingredient is fluroxypyr-meptyl, benfluralin, trifluralin, ethalfluralin, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, clodinafop, dithiopyr, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, quizalofop or quizalofop-P, or nitrapyran. persing surfactant present. The pesticidal compositions exhibit physical and chemical stability, and high biological efficacy when used to control pests in crop or non-crop environments. In particular embodiments, the low melting active ingredient is fluroxypyr-meptyl, benfluralin, trifluralin, ethalfluralin, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, clodinafop, dithiopyr, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, quizalofop or quizalofop-P, or nitrapyran.
Description
STABLE PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS
Cross—Reference to Related Application
This application claims priority to US. Provisional Patent Application Serial
No. ,005, filed November 1, 2011, the disclosure of which is hereby
incorporated herein in its entirety by this reference.
Field
Provided herein are stable oad herbicidal solid (e.g., dispersible es
or powders) or aqueous compositions containing low—melting active ingredients, as
well as methods for their preparation and use. Such compositions t good
physical and chemical stability, and equivalent or better biological efficacy on target
pests when compared to commercial formulations.
Background
There are two major categories of formulations, solid formulations and liquid
formulations. Agrochemical formulations are generally designed based on customer
needs and the physiochemical properties of the active ingredients, for example, the
solubility of the active ingredient in water or non—aqueous solvents and the melting
point of the active ingredient.
Granular products containing ltural active ingredients such as, for
example, water dispersible es (WG) and granules (GR), represent a class of
formulations that are seeing increased use today because of their relative safety
compared to liquid formulations and the advantages they offer with regard to cost
savings in packaging and ortation, and the environmental benefits of
eliminating the use of organic solvents. WG formulations are ed to readily
disperse on contact with the water carrier in a spray tank and provide equivalent
mance to an emulsifiable concentrate product. GR formulations may be added
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directly to soil or aquatic environments such as, for example, rice paddies. WG and
GR products may be used for insect, weed, fungal en and nematode control.
Solid pesticidal compositions containing low—melting active ingredients can
be ult to produce and store due to the tendency of the active ingredient to liquefy
and/or crystallize when subjected to the range of temperatures normally tered
during processing and storage. In addition, these compositions must readily disperse
in water when added to a spray tank of water prior to spray application.
Agricultural water sible granules containing active ingredients also may
contain inert ingredients such as solid carriers, surfactants, adjuvants, binders and the
like. These inert ingredients may include, for e, clays, starches, silicas,
sulphates, chlorides, lignosulfonates, carbohydrates, alkylated celluloses, xanthan
gums and guar seed gums, and synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohols, sodium
polyacrylates, polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidones and urea/formaldehyde
polymers like PergoPak® M (Albemarle ation, Baton Rouge, LA). The active
ingredients contained in WG ts may include herbicides, insecticides,
fungicides, plant growth regulators and safeners.
Described herein are high—load, solid and aqueous pesticidal compositions
containing low—melting active ingredients and methods for their preparation and use.
Such compositions exhibit good physical and chemical ity, readily disperse in
water for spray application to control pests and exhibit equivalent or better biological
cy when compared to standard cial formulations.
Summary
Provided herein are stable, high—load, solid pesticidal itions containing
a low—melting active ingredient comprising:
1) a microcapsule comprising (a) a water insoluble, thin—wall polyurea shell
prepared by an interfacial polycondensation reaction between a water soluble
polyamine monomer and an oil soluble polyisocyanate monomer and (b) a core
comprising a low melting active ingredient, wherein
(i) the ratio of amino moieties to isocyanate moieties is about 1:1;
(ii) the ea shell has a thickness of greater than about 10 nanometers
(nm) and less than about 60 nm;
(iii) the e microcapsule size is from about 1 micrometers (um) to
about 25 um;
(iv) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 2 to
about 165; and
(V) the microcapsule is present in an amount, with respect to the total
composition, from about 300 g/kg to about 900 g/kg;
2) a solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer present in an amount, with respect
to the total composition, of from about 5 g/kg to about 250 g/kg; and
3) a solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant present in an amount, with
respect to the total composition, from about 5 g/kg to about 300 g/kg.
Also provided herein are stable, high—load, aqueous herbicidal trates
containing a low—melting active ingredient comprising:
1) a apsule consisting of (a) a water ble, thin—wall polyurea shell
prepared by an interfacial polycondensation reaction between a water soluble
polyamine monomer and an oil soluble polyisocyanate monomer and (b) a core
sing a low melting active ingredient, wherein
(i) the ratio of amino moieties to isocyanate moieties is about 1:1;
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(ii) the polyurea shell has a thickness of greater than about 20 nanometers
(nm) and less than about 75 nm;
(iii) the average microcapsule size is from about 10 micrometers (um) to
about 25 um;
(iv) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 2 to
about 165;
(V) the low—melting active ingredient is present in an amount of from about
200 g/L to about 750 g/L; and
(vi) the core comprises no more than 5% of oil solvent with respect to the
total weight of the core; and
2) a solid fying or solid dispersing surfactant present in an amount, with
respect to the total composition, from about 5 g/L to about 150 g/L.
The described solid pesticidal compositions and aqueous herbicidal
concentrates may optionally include one or more additional inert ation
ingredients that may be contained inside or outside of the microcapsule.
In certain embodiments, the described solid pesticidal compositions may
optionally include a built—in nt to provide improved biological efficacy when
the solid pesticidal compositions are used to control pests such as weeds, insects,
fungal pathogens and the like.
Also provided herein are methods of controlling undesirable vegetation,
fungal pathogens or insects which comprise adding the tive solid pesticidal
composition or aqueous herbicidal concentrate to a carrier such as water and using the
resulting water on containing the dispersed pesticidal or herbicdal active
ingredient for spray applications to l undesirable vegetation, fungal pathogens
or insects in crop or non—crop environments.
Also ed herein are methods for producing the described solid pesticidal
compositions and aqueous herbicidal concentrates.
ed ption
Agricultural active ingredients that have low g points can be difficult to
formulate into solid compositions owing to their propensity to melt during processing
or to crystallize into larger particles because of Ostwald ripening. In addition,
preparing such ations that have acceptable storage stability profiles can be very
challenging. This situation is particularly difficult when the need is to prepare a
product containing a high tration or high—load of the low—melting active
ingredient as is often necessary for products in the current market for agricultural
als. In addition, these solid agricultural compositions must readily disperse in
water when added to a spray tank and provide equivalent or better biological efficacy
when compared to liquid based agricultural formulations.
I. Solid Compositions
Stable solid pesticidal compositions, such as granules and powders, are
generally defined as those that are stable physically and chemically to the
environments in which they are produced and stored, and deliver acceptable levels of
biological efficacy when used within defined s of time.
The solid pesticidal compositions described herein contain high levels of a
low—melting pesticidal active ingredient that is contained within a polymer ized,
thin—walled, polyurea microcapsule. In some embodiments, such compositions offer
improved chemical and al stability during processing and storage and readily
disperse when added to a spray tank of water prior to spray application where they
provide acceptable levels of biological activity when used to control targeted pests.
The solid pesticidal compositions described herein may be in the form of a
water dispersible granule or a water dispersible powder and are comprised of a thin—
Walled, polyurea microcapsule ning a low—melting pesticidal active ingredient,
a water soluble polymeric stabilizer, an fying or dispersing surfactant and,
optionally, other inert formulation ingredients.
The term “inert formulation ingredient” as used herein refers to any ingredient
in a pesticidal composition or formulation other than the pesticidal active ient.
Inert ation ingredients, in certain embodiments, do not eXhibit much if any
biological activity on their own, but instead improve the iveness of the
pesticidal composition. Inert formulation ingredients in certain embodiments,
e the uptake of an active ingredient into a target pest organism, improve the
shelf—life of a pesticide product, or protect an active ient from breakdown in
sunlight after spray application.
A. Low—melting active ingredients
The low—melting, pesticidal active ingredient of the described solid pesticidal
compositions may be selected from one or more of an herbicide, an insecticide, a
fungicide and a icide. In addition, an herbicide safener may be included as an
active ingredient in the described compositions. The low—melting active ient
should be chemically stable in the molten phase and amenable to s
microencapsulation chemistry as described herein. In some embodiments, the low—
melting, pesticidal active ingredient has a melting point of less than about 100 0C, less
than about 85 0C, or less than about 70 0C. In some embodiments, the active
ingredientis a solid at ambient temperature (i.e., from about 20 to about 30 0C). In
some embodiments, the low—melting pesticidal active ient, in some
embodiments, has a water solubility of less than about 3000 parts per million (ppm),
less than about 1000 ppm, or less than about 100 ppm at environmental pH conditions
(pH of about 6.5 to about 7.5). In some embodiments, the low—melting pesticidal
active ingredient is present in an amount, with respect to the total ition, from
about 250 grams active ingredient per kilogram (gai/kg) to about 850 gai/kg, from
about 365 gai/kg to about 800 , or from about 500 gai/kg to about 800 gai/kg.
Suitable herbicide active ingredients for use in the described solid
itions may be selected from the following active ingredients and derivatives
thereof such as, for example, esters and salts, but are not limited to, aclonifen,
alachlor, ametryn, anilofos, n, aziprotryne, barban, beflubutamid, benazolin,
benfluralin, benfuresate, bensulide, benzoylprop, bifenox, bromoxynil, butralin,
butroxydim, chlorbromuron, chlorbufam, chlorpropham, clodinafop, clofop,
clomazone, credazine, cycloxydim, cyhalofop, desmetryn, di—allate, op,
diethatyl, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, ametryn, dinitramine, dinoseb,
dithiopyr, ethalfluralin, ethofumesate, zanid, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop—P,
fenthiaprop, fentrazamide, flamprop, flamprop—M, ate, fluchloralin, cet,
flumiclorac, fluorochloridone, fluorodifen, fluoroglycofen, fluroxypyr, haloxyfop,
fop—P, indanofan, ioxynil, isocarbamid, lactofen, n, MCPA, MCPB,
mecoprop, mecoprop—P, medinoterb, metamifop, metazachlor, methoprotryne,
methoxyphenone, methyldymron, omuron, monalide, monolinuron,
napropamide, nitrofen, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, pentanochlor,
pethoxamid, profluralin, prometon, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propham,
pyributicarb, pyridate, ofop, quizalofop—P, secbumeton, simetryn, tepraloxydim,
thenylchlor, thiazopyr, tri—allate, tridiphane, trifluralin. ally suitable herbicide
active ingredients include benfluralin, bromoxynil, cyhalofop, cyhalofop—butyl,
clodinafop, diclofop, dithiopyr, ethalfluralin, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop—P, flufenacet,
fluroxypyr, haloxyfop, haloxyfop—P, indanofan, ioxynil, MCPA, mecoprop,
mecoprop—P, fop, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, propanil, quizalofop,
quizalofop—P, tepraloxydim and trifluralin.
Suitable insecticide active ingredients for use in the described solid
compositions may be selected from the ing active ingredients and derivatives
2012/062701
thereof such as, for example, esters and salts, but are not limited to, acephate,
acetamiprid, thrin, alanycarb, rb, aminocarb, amitraz, amphur,
azamethiphos, azinphos—ethyl, azinphos—methyl, bensultap, bifenthrin, bioresmethrin,
bromophos, bufencarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, chlordimeform, chlorfenapyr,
chlorphoxim, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos—methyl, cismethrin, cloethocarb, hos,
crufomate, cyanofenphos, cyfluthrin, beta—cyfluthrin, gamma—cyhalothrin, lambda—
cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha—cypermethrin, beta—cypermethrin, theta—
cypermethrin, deltamethrin, demeton—S—methylsulphon, dialifos, dimethoate,
dimetilan, dinoseb, dioxabenzofos, DNOC, EPN, esfenvalerate, ethiofencarb,
etofenprox, fenchlorphos, fenfluthrin, fenobucarb, carb, fenpropathrin,
fenvalerate, fluenetil, formothion, fosmethilan, indoxacarb, isoprocarb, phos,
leptophos, mecarphon, methamidophos, methidathion, methomyl, metolcarb,
rbate, nitenpyram, parathion—methyl, permethrin, phosalone, phosfolan,
phosmet, pirimicarb, promecarb, propoxur, prothoate, pyridaphenthion, pyrimidifen,
pyriproxyfen, quinalpho, resmethrin, spirodiclofen, esifen, sulfluramid,
tefluthrin, temephos, tetramethrin, thiofanox, tolfenpyrad, transfluthrin, triazamate,
trichlorfon, thion, XMC, xylylcarb and combinations thereof. Especially
suitable insecticide active ingredients include acephate, acetamiprid, bifenthrin,
chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos—methyl, lambda—cyhalothrin, deltamethrin,
indoxacarb, methomyl, phosmet, spirodiclofen and pyrad.
Suitable fungicide active ients for use in the described solid
compositions may be selected from the following active ingredients and derivatives
f such as, for example, esters and salts, but are not limited to, bromuconazole,
bupirimate, carboxin, cyflufenamid, cyprodinil, difenoconazole, etaconazole,
fenoxanil, flusilazole, hymexazol, imazalil, imibenconazole, iminoctadine,
isoprothiolane, mandipropamid, mepronil, xyl, metrafenone, myclobutanil,
orysastrobin, penconazole,—picoxystrobin, oraz, propamocarb, proquinazid,
pyraclostrobin, pyrimethanil, silthiofam, tolclofos—methyl, tolylfluanid, triadimefon,
trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, Especially suitable ide active ingredients include
flusilazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, proquinazid, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin
and triflumizole.
Suitable herbicide safeners for use in the described solid pesticidal
compositions may be selected from the following active ingredients and derivatives
thereof such as, for example, esters and salts, but are not limited to, ntocet—
mexyl, cyometrinil, dimepiperate, fenclorim, flurazole, zole, mefenpyr—diethyl,
oxabetrinil and TI—35. ally suitable herbicide safeners include cloguintocet—
M, cyometrinil, le, mefenpyr—diethyl and TI—35.
Suitable icide active ingredients for use in the described solid pesticidal
compositions may include, but are not limited to, nitrapyrin, oxolinic acid, 8—
hydroxyquinoline and derivatives thereof. An especially suitable bactericide active
ingredient is nitrapyrin.
B. Polymeric stabilizers
The solid, water soluble polymeric stabilizer for use in the described solid
pesticidal itions includes one or more of a synthetic or partially synthetic
polymer or oligomer that swells, disperses or dissolves in water at ambient
temperature. Typical solid, water soluble polymeric izers e polyvinyl
alcohols, polyacrylates, polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidones, ted
celluloses and co—polymers, derivatives and mixtures thereof. Particularly suitable
solid, water soluble polymeric stabilizers for use in the described solid pesticidal
compositions e polyvinyl alcohols derived from the hydrolysis of polyvinyl
acetate, that vary in the degree of hydrolysis from about 87 to about 97%, of which
Selvol® 205 ui Chemical Co., Ltd.) is an example, polyvinylpyrrolidones and
co—polymers, derivatives and mixtures thereof.
The solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer may serve as both a dispersing
agent for preparing the microcapsules described herein and as a stabilizer for the
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apsules when they are dried to form the solid pesticidal compositions. For such
a dual use, the solid polymeric stabilizer may be added in more than one portion and
at different times during the preparation of the apsules and the solid pesticidal
compositions as described herein. The solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer for
use in the described compositions comprises, with respect to the total composition, in
some embodiments is present in an amount from about 5 grams per kilogram (g/kg) to
about 250 g/kg, from about 20 g/kg to about 150 g/kg, or from about 50 g/kg to about
250 g/kg. In one ment, the solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer is present
in an amount of from about 20 g/kg to about 50 g/kg.
C. Emulsifying or dispersing tants
The solid, emulsifying or dispersing surfactant for use in the described solid
pesticidal compositions may include one or more of an alkyl polyglycoside (APG), a
polyol fatty acid ester, a polyethoxylated ester, a hoxylated alcohol, an amine
ethoxylate, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a lsulphosuccinate salt, an alkylsulfonate
salt, a lignosulfonate salt, a sucrose ester of a fatty acid, and mixtures thereof.
Particularly suitable solid, emulsifying or dispersing surfactants include APG
surfactants such as, for example, Agnique®PG 91 16 (Cognis, Cincinnati, OH),
lignosulfonate salts such as, for example, Borresperse NA (Borregaard LignoTech,
Bridgewater, NJ) or Polyfon® F (MeadWestvaco, Richmond, VA), sucrose esters of
fatty acids such as, for example, oleate or ate esters of sucrose and sodium
dioctyl sulphossuccinate Which is found in Geropon® SDS (Rhodia, Cranberry, NJ).
In some cases, the solid emulsifying surfactant may also serve in the onal role
as a built—in adjuvant to improve the uptake of the pesticide active ingredient into the
target pest organism. In some embodiments the solid, emulsifying or dispersing
surfactant for use in the described solid pesticidal compositions comprises, with
respect to the total ition, from about 5 g/kg to about 300 g/kg, 5 g/kg to about
250 g/kg, 5 g/kg to about 150 g/kg or 5 g/kg to about 100 g/kg. In some
embodiments, the solid emulsifying or dispersing agent is present in an amount of
from about 200 g/kg or 250 g/kg. In one embodiment, the solid emulsifying or
dispersing agent is present in an amount of from about 200 g/kg or 250 g/kg and the
low melting active ingredient is fluroxypyr or derivative thereof.
In some embodiments of the described solid pesticidal compositions, a
polyvinyl alcohol derived from the hydrolysis of a polyvinyl acetate and a
lignosulfonate salt when used together are particularly useful in providing
emulsification, dispersion and microcapsule stabilization in the preparation, e
and use of the described solid pesticidal compositions. It is well known in the art that
certain inert formulation ients or combinations thereof can exhibit multi—
functional behavior and act, for example, as emulsifiers, dispersants and/or stabilizers
within a single composition.
II. Aqueous Compositions
Also described herein is a , high load, aqueous herbicidal concentrate
comprising a microencapsulated, low melting, herbicide active ingredient and a solid,
emulsifying or dispersing surfactant. Such a composition would be prepared as
described herein by a ea microencapsulation of the molten herbicidal active
ingredient to provide an initial e suspension that would then be treated with one
or more finishing ingredients such as, for example, a gy agent and a biocide.
Such an aqueous herbicidal trate shows improved storage ity and
acceptable herbicidal cy when compared to a commercial emulsifiable
concentrate (EC) formulation containing the low g, herbicide active ingredient
without the drawbacks of having to use large amounts of volatile, flammable and
potentially toxic organic ts.
A. Low—melting active ingredients
In some embodiments the low melting, herbicide active ingredient used in the
aqueous herbicidal concentrates described herein is normally a solid at room
temperature, has a melting of less than about 70 0C and may be selected from at least
one of benfluralin, ethalfluralin, pendimethalin and/or alin. In some
embodiments the active ingredient is benfluralin.
In some embodiments the aqueous herbicidal concentrate comprises from
about 200 grams per liter (g/L) to about 750 g/L of the low melting herbicide active
ingredient. In some embodiments the aqueous herbicidal concentrate comprises from
about 300 g/L to about 600 g/L of the low melting herbicide active ingredient. In
some embodiments the aqueous herbicidal concentrate comprises from about 400 g/L
to about 600 g/L of the low melting herbicide active ingredient.
B. Emulsifying or dispersing surfactant
The solid, emulsifying or dispersing surfactant for use in the aqueous
herbicidal concentrate described herein may e one or more of a polyvinyl
alcohol, a polyacrylate, a polyethylene oxide, a polyvinylpyrrolidone and co—
polymers, derivatives and mixtures thereof. Exemplary solid, emulsifying or
dispersing surfactants for use in the described herbicidal concentrate include
nyl alcohols derived from the hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate that vary in the
degree of hydrolysis from about 87 to about 97%, of Which Selvol® 205 ui
Chemical Co., Ltd.) is an e, polyvinylpyrrolidones and co—polymers,
derivatives and es thereof. The solid, emulsifying or dispersing surfactant for
use in the aqueous herbicidal concentrate comprises, with respect to the total
composition, from about 5 g/kg to about 250 g/kg, preferably from about 5 g/kg to
about 150 g/kg and most ably from about 5 g/kg to about 100 g/kg. In one
embodiment, the solid, emulsifying or sing surfactant is present in an amount of
from about 5 g/kg to about 15 g/kg.
2012/062701
III. Optional Inert Ingredients
A. in adjuvants
Adjuvants are important inert ingredients of formulated agricultural products
and are defined as substances which can se the ical activity of the active
ingredient, but are lves not significantly ically active. Adjuvants assist
with the effectiveness of the active ingredient such as, for example, by improving the
delivery and uptake of an herbicide into a target weed plant leading to improved
biological control.
Adjuvants, in the form of solids or liquids, can be added to a formulated
agricultural product, such as a granule, to provide improved performance of the
product upon application. Commonly used adjuvants may include, for e,
surfactants, spreaders, petroleum and plant d oils and solvents and wetting
agents. Examples of commonly used adjuvants include, but are not limited to,
paraffin oil, horticultural spray oils (e. g., summer oil), methylated rape seed oil,
methylated soybean oil, highly refined vegetable oil and the like, polyol fatty acid
esters, polyethoxylated esters, ethoxylated alcohols, alkyl polysaccharides and blends,
amine ethoxylates, sorbitan fatty acid ester ethoxylates, polyethylene glycol esters,
organosilicone based surfactants, ethylene vinyl acetate terpolymers, ethoxylated
alkyl aryl phosphate esters and the like. These and other adjuvants are described in
the “Compendium ofHerbicide Adjuvants, 9th Edition, ” edited by Bryan Young,
Dept. of Plant, Soil and Agricultural Systems, rn Illinois University MC—4415,
1205 n Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901, which is available for viewing on the
internet at http://www.herbicide—adjuvants.com/.
The term “built—in adjuvant” refers to one or more adjuvants that have been
added to a particular formulation, such as a granule or liquid formulation, at the
manufacturing stage of the product, rather than at the point of use of the product such
as, for example, to a spray solution. The use of in adjuvants simplifies the use
of agrochemical products for the end—user by reducing the number of ingredients that
must be individually measured and applied. However, loading limitations and
physio—chemical ties of active ingredients can make it challenging to add an
adjuvant to a composition. Efforts to prepare pesticidal ations with in
alkyl polyglucosides amongst other adjuvants, have recently been disclosed, for
e, in W02010/049070A2 and W02008/0666l 1.
In some embodiments the addition of a solid, built—in adjuvant to the solid,
pesticidal compositions described herein may provide ed biological efficacy
on pests such as, for example, weeds, insects, fungal pathogens and the like. The
solid, built—in adjuvant is added as an inert ingredient to the solid, pesticidal
composition, but is located outside of the microcapsule that contains the low—melting
active ingredient. Suitable built—in adjuvants for use in the described compositions are
solids at ambient temperature and may include one or more than one of a non—ionic
surfactant. Non—ionic surfactants that may be used include, but are not d to,
polyol fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated esters, hoxylated alcohols, alkyl
polysaccharides such as alkyl polyglycosides (APG—type) and blends thereof, amine
ethoxylates, sorbitan fatty acid ester ethoxylates and sucrose esters of fatty acids.
Especially suitable solid, built—in adjuvants include alkyl polysaccharides such as
alkyl ycosides and blends thereof, amine ethoxylates, sorbitan fatty acid ester
ethoxylates, and e esters of fatty acids. The solid, built—in adjuvant, Which may
also serve as the emulsifying or dispersing surfactant, for use in the described solid,
pesticidal composition comprises, with respect to the total composition, from about
g/kg to about 250 g/kg, preferably from about 10 g/kg to about 150 g/kg and most
preferably from about 20 g/kg to about 150 g/kg.
In some embodiments the solid idal composition ning a low—
melting active ingredient comprises fluroxypyr—meptyl and a solid, emulsifying
surfactant from the class of alkyl polyglycosides that may also serve as a built—in
adjuvant.
B. Other inert ingredients
The solid pesticidal compositions and aqueous herbicidal concentrates
described herein may optionally include one or more inert ingredients such as, but not
limited to, adjuvants, antifoam agents, antimicrobial agents, compatibilizing agents,
ion inhibitors, sing agents, dyes, emulsifying agents, neutralizing agents
and s, odorants, penetration aids, sing additives, inorganic salts of
organic or inorganic acids, sequestering agents, spreading agents, izers, sticking
agents, suspension aids, wetting agents, and the like. In some embodiments the one or
more inert ients stabilize or further stabilize the composition. In some
embodiments one or more nic salts of organic or inorganic acid is t in the
composition. In some embodiments these salts se the solubility of the active
ingredient in the aqueous phase. In some embodiments sodium acetate decreases the
solubility of the active ingredient in the aqueous phase. In some embodiments
sodium acetate decreases the solubility of benfluralin in the aqueous phase. In some
embodiments, the solid compositions comprise um sulfate.
IV. apsule
The microencapsulated, low—melting, pesticidal and herbicidal active
ingredients contained in the described solid pesticidal compositions and aqueous
herbicidal concentrates, respectively, are ed by employing interfacial
polycondensation encapsulation technology. Use of such encapsulation technology in
the formulation of agricultural active ingredients is well known to those skilled in the
art. See, for example, P. J. Mulqueen in, “Chemistry and Technology of
Agrochemical Formulations,” D. A. Knowles, editor, (Kluwer Academic Publishers,
1998), pages 132—147, and references cited therein for a discussion of the use of
microencapsulation in the formulation of pesticide active ingredients. In general, the
microcapsules can be prepared by an interfacial polycondensation reaction between at
least one oil soluble monomer selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates and
polyisocyanates, and at least one water soluble monomer selected from the group
consisting of diamines and polyamines. Typical microcapsule formulations are
derived, for e, from the interfacial ndensation between polyisocyanates
and diamines to provide ea microcapsule compositions.
The microencapsulated, low—melting pesticidal and herbicidal active
ingredients of the described compositions may be prepared by first emulsifying an
organic phase comprised of the molten active ingredient, ally containing an oil
solvent, and an oil soluble monomer in an aqueous phase comprised of suitable
surfactants and water. The emulsion may be formed by homogenizing the oil—water
mixture by the use of low or high pressure homogenization until the desired size of
oil droplets suspended in the water is obtained. The water soluble monomer is then
added to the e and reacts with the oil soluble monomer at the water—oil
interface of the oil droplet to form the capsule wall enclosing some or the entire oil
droplet. For example, by carefully adjusting the length of time that the mixture is
homogenized and/or by adjusting the speed or re of the homogenizer, it is
possible to produce microencapsulated oils of varying capsule sizes (measured as the
volume median diameter by a light ring particle er) and wall thicknesses.
Similarly, the amount of monomer, cross—linking agents, emulsifying agents, buffer,
and the like can be adjusted to create ncapsulated formulations having varying
capsule sizes and wall thicknesses that can be readily prepared by one of ordinary
skill in the art.
With respect to the polycondensation reaction n a oil soluble
polyisocyante and water soluble polyamine monomers, the ratio of amino moieties
(i.e., functional groups) to isocyanate es. i.e., molar ratio of amino moieties to
isocyanate moieties, is about 1:1. In certain embodiments, the isocyanate and
polyamine moieties are fully reacted. In some embodiments, the ratio is from about
0.9:l.0 to about 9. In some embodiments the ratio is from about 0.95:1.0 to
about l.0:0.95. In some embodiments the ratio is from about 0.97:1.0 to about
l.0:0.97. In some embodiments the ratio is from about 0.98:1.0 to about l.0:0.98. In
some embodiments the ratio is from about 0.99:1.0 to about l.0:0.99.
The microcapsules of the described solid pesticidal compositions lly
include capsules with average diameters (sizes) that range from about 1 um to about
um, preferably from about 2 um to about 5 um, and have a shell thickness that
ranges from about 10 nanometers (nm) to about 60 nm, preferably from about 15 nm
to about 40 nm.
With respect to the solid and aqueous compositions, in certain embodiments,
the weight ratio of the core of the microcapsule to the polyurea shell of the
microcapsule is from about 2 to about 165 or from about 5 to about 60. In certain
embodiments, the weight ratio is from about 5 to about 150, from about 5 to about
100, from about 10 to about 80, from about 60 to about 100, from about 70 to about
90, or about 80. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio is from about 75 to about
85. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio is from about 75 to about 85, and the
low—melting active ingredient is benfluralin. In certain embodiments, the weight
ratio is from about 10 to about 20, and the low—melting active ingredient is fluroxypyr
or derivative thereof.
In some embodiments of the solid compositions described herein, the average
microcapsule size is from about 1 um to about 20 um. In some embodiments of the
solid compositions bed herein, the average microcapsule size is from about 1
um to about 10 um. In some embodiments of the solid compositions described
, the average microcapsule size is from about 1 um to about 5 um. In some
embodiments of the solid compositions bed herein, the e microcapsule
size is from about 1 um to about 5 um and the low melting active ingredient is
fluroxypyr. In some embodiments of the solid compositions described herein, the
average microcapsule size is from about 15 um to about 20 um. In some
embodiments of the solid compositions described herein, the average microcapsule
size is from about 15 um to about 20 um, and the low—melting active ingredient is
benfluralin.
In some embodiments of the solid compositions described herein, the polyurea
shell has a thickness of about 20 nm to about 40 nm. In some embodiments of the
solid compositions described herein, the polyurea shell has a ess of about 10
nm to about 50 nm, about 15 nm to about 40 nm, about 20 nm to about 30 nm, or
about 30 nm to about 35 nm. In some embodiments, the thickness is from about 20
nm to about 30 nm and the lting active is benfluralin. In some embodiments,
the thickness is from about 30 nm to about 40 nm and the lting active is
fluroxypyr—meptyl.
In some embodiments of the s compositions described herein, the
polyurea shell has a thickness of about 20 nm to about 40 nm. In some embodiments
of the aqueous compositions described herein, the polyurea shell has a thickness of
about 15 nm to about 45 nm. In some embodiments of the aqueous compositions
described herein, the polyurea shell has a ess of about 10 nm to about 50 nm,
about 15 nm to about 40 nm, about 20 nm to about 30 nm, or about 30 nm to about 35
In some embodiments of the aqueous compositions described herein, the
average apsule size is from about 15 um to about 20 um. In some
embodiments of the s compositions described herein, the average
microcapsule size is from about 17.5 um.
In some embodiments the capsules of the solid pesticidal compositions and
the aqueous herbicidal concentrates have sizes that range from about 1 um to about
um. In some embodiments the capsules may have sizes that range from about 15
um to about 25 um. In some embodiments the capsules may have sizes that range
from about 15 um to about 20 um.
In some embodiments the capsules of the aqueous herbicidal concentrates
have a shell thickness that ranges from about 20 nm to about 75 nm. In some
ments the capsules have a shell thickness that ranges from about 20 nm to
about 50 nm. In some embodiments the es have a shell thickness that ranges
from about 25 nm to about 45 nm.
The core, which includes all of the material in the microcapsule minus the
shell material, of the microcapsule of the described compositions, both the solid
pesticidal compositions and the aqueous herbicidal concentrates, comprises the
molten or solid pesticidal or idal active ingredient, optionally dissolved in or
diluted with an oil solvent, such as but not limited to, one or more of petroleum
distillates such as aromatic hydrocarbons derived from benzene, such as toluene,
xylenes, other alkylated benzenes and the like, and naphthalene derivatives; aliphatic
hydrocarbons such as hexane, octane, cyclohexane, and the like; mineral oils from the
aliphatic or isoparaffinic , and es of aromatic and aliphatic arbons;
nated aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbons; vegetable, seed or animal oils such
as soybean oil, rape seed oil, olive oil, castor oil, er seed oil, coconut oil, corn
oil, cotton seed oil, linseed oil, palm oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, tung oil
and the like, and C1—C6 mono—esters derived from vegetable, seed or animal oils;
dialkyl amides of short and long chain, saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids;
C1—C12 esters of aromatic carboxylic acids and oxylic acids, and C1—C12 esters
of aliphatic and cyclo—aliphatic carboxylic acids. In some embodiments, the
microcapsule comprises no more than 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1 wt percent with respect to the
weight of the core. In one embodiment, the microcapsule comprises no more than 1
wt percent.. In one embodiment, the microcapsule comprises no more than 3 wt
percent.
The core of the apsule of the described compositions may optionally be
used as a carrier for additional pesticides or other ingredients. These pesticides or
other ingredients, may be dissolved or dispersed in the core material, and may be
selected from ides, algicides, antifeedants, aVicides, bactericides, bird
repellents, chemosterilants, fungicides, herbicide safeners, herbicides, insect
attractants, insecticides, insect ents, mammal repellents, mating disrupters,
molluscicides, plant activators, plant growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists,
defoliants, desiccants, disinfectants, semiochemicals, and Virucides.
Oil soluble monomers used to prepare the microcapsule of the described
compositions include the groups consisting of diisocyanates and polyisocyanates.
Particularly suitable oil e monomers are diisocyanates and polyisocyanates such
as, for example, PAPI® 27 (The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI), isophorone
diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate and es thereof.
Water e monomers used to prepare the microcapsule wall of the
described compositions, may include the groups ting of es and
polyamines. A particularly suitable water soluble r is ethylenediamine
(EDA).
Surfactants used to prepare the microencapsulated, low—melting pesticidal or
herbicidal active ingredient of the described compositions include one or more of a
solid, emulsifying or dispersing surfactant. These surfactants can be ionic or nonionic
in ure and can be employed as emulsifying agents, wetting agents, dispersing
agents, or for other purposes. Suitable surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkyl
polyglucosides such as, for example, Agnique® PG 91 16 (Cognis, Cincinnati, OH),
lignosulfonate salts such as, for example, Borresperse NA (Borregaard LignoTech,
Bridgewater, NJ) or Polyfon® F (MeadWestvaco, Richmond, VA), polyVinyl
ls such as, for example, Selvol® 205, sucrose esters of fatty acids such as, for
example, oleate or ate esters of sucrose and sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate
which is found in n® SDS (Rhodia, Cranberry, NJ).
V. ity Properties
As used herein, the term “stable composition,” which may include solid or
liquid compositions or concentrates, refers to compositions that are stable physically
and/or chemically for defined periods of time to the environments in which they are
ed, transported and/or stored. Aspects of “stable composition” include, but
are not limited to: physical stability at temperatures that range from about 0 °C to
about 50 °C, homogeneity, pourability, liquids that do not exhibit appreciable
sedimentation or Ostwald ripening of the sed les, itions that form
little or no precipitated solids or exhibit phase separations, compositions that readily
disperse when poured into a spray tank of water and retain their biological efficacy
when applied, for example, by spray application to target pests. In some
embodiments, the compositions form stable, homogeneous concentrates that do not
exhibit crystallization and/or exhibit very little change in viscosity under the storage
conditions.
In some embodiments, the described aqueous herbicidal concentrates are
stable at temperatures of greater than or equal to about 40 °C for a period of at least 1,
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, l2, l4, 16 or 18 weeks. In some embodiments, the compositions do not
exhibit or do not significantly exhibit tion or precipitation (or crystallization) of
any of the components at low temperatures.
In some embodiments, the bed aqueous idal concentrates remain
as homogeneous concentrates after subjecting them to freeze/thaw (F/T) conditions
for at least about 2 weeks where the temperature is cycled from about — 10 °C to about
40 °C every 24 hours.
In some embodiments, the bed solid pesticidal compositions containing
a low—melting active ingredient show good stability to the high temperature drying
conditions they are subjected to during preparation as they readily disperse when
poured into a spray tank of water and retain their biological efficacy when applied,
for example, by spray application to target pests.
VI. Methods of ation
An additional embodiment concerns a method of preparing the solid pesticidal
composition which may consist of a water dispersible powder or a water sible
granule. Water sible granule formulations can be produced using one or more
of the following processing methods: (1) pan or drum granulation, (2) mixing
agglomeration, (3) extrusion granulation, (4) fluid bed granulation or (5) spray drying
granulation. The physico—chemical properties of the active ingredient and additives
are important to consider when choosing a s to use. G. A. Bell and D. A.
Knowles in, “Chemistry and Technology of Agrochemical Formulations,” D. A.
Knowles, , (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998), pages 41—1 14, describe the
types of es used in agricultural al formulations and provide many
references to the production of these solid ations. Powder formulations can be
produced by vacuum drying, rotary evaporator drying, spray drying, drum drying or
other processing methods that are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In
any of the processing methods described herein, optional inert ingredients may be
added to the composition before, during or after processing to improve the processing
or to improve the final quality or stability of the water dispersible granule or the water
dispersible powder. These optional inert ients may include, but are not limited
to, flowability ves and anti—caking agents such as, for example, hydrophilic
itated silicas, hydrophilic fumed silicas and clays, anti—foaming agents, wetting
agents, binders, dispersing agents, solid diluents and rs.
An example of a method of preparing the solid pesticidal composition
described herein comprises:
(1) mixing all water soluble or water dispersible inert ingredients, including
the polymeric stabilizer, in water to form an aqueous phase which is then heated;
WO 66950
(2) mixing the polyisocyanate monomer, and any oil soluble or oil dispersible
active and inert ingredients to form a liquid or molten oil phase with added heat to
maintain as a liquid phase;
(3) adding the heated oil phase prepared in step (2) to the heated aqueous
phase prepared in step (1) under high shear homogenization to provide an emulsion;
(4) forming the polyurea capsule shell by adding an aqueous on of
ethylenediamine monomer to the emulsion prepared in step (3) to e the
microcapsule suspension; and
(5) adding an additional portion of the polymeric izer and any optional
inert formulation ingredients to the microcapsule suspension prepared in step (4) and
drying the resulting mixture to provide the solid pesticidal composition as either a
water dispersible powder or a water sible granule. If a water dispersible powder
is produced by spray drying, it may be further processed into a water dispersible
e using pan or drum granulation, mixing agglomeration, extrusion granulation
or fluid bed granulation.
An additional embodiment concerns preparing the described solid pesticidal
compositions to contain at least one additional active ingredient such as, for e,
an herbicide, an icide, a fungicide, a bactericide or an herbicide safener, by
adding such an active ingredient to the aqueous stabilized microcapsule suspension
prepared in step 5 of the example method of preparation described herein to provide,
after drying, a solid pesticidal composition in the form of a water dispersible powder
or a water dispersible granule that contains at least two pesticidal active ingredients.
Such a ition would have at least one of the pesticidal active ingredients
contained inside the microcapsules and at least one of the active ingredients contained
outside of the microcapsules. If a water dispersible powder is produced by spray
, it may be further processed into a water dispersible e using pan or drum
granulation, mixing agglomeration, extrusion granulation or fluid bed granulation.
In some embodiments, the idal active ingredient contained inside the
microcapsules of the described solid compositions is fluroxypyr—meptyl and the
pesticidal active ingredient contained outside of the microcapsules is florasulam.
In some embodiments, the pesticidal active ingredient contained inside the
microcapsules of the described solid itions is fluroxypyr—meptyl and the
pesticidal active ingredient contained outside of the apsules is pyroxsulam.
In some embodiments, the pesticidal active ingredient contained inside the
microcapsules of the described solid compositions is fluroxypyr—meptyl and the
pesticidal active ingredient ned outside of the microcapsules is the compound
of the Formula
N COOH
CI F
OCH3
and its C1—C6 alkyl esters or salt derivatives such as, for example, the methyl ester.
In some ments, the pesticidal active ingredient contained inside the
microcapsules of the described solid compositions is fluroxypyr—meptyl and the
pesticidal active ingredient ned outside of the microcapsules is the compound
of the Formula
F / CI
N COOH
CI F
OCH3
or a C1—C12 alkyl or C7—C12 kyl ester or salt tives such as, for e, the
benzyl ester.
An especially suitable method of preparing the solid pesticidal compositions
described herein is to spray dry the aqueous microcapsule sion containing the
additional portion of the polymeric stabilizer and any optional inert formulation
ingredients or additional active ients prepared in step 5 of the method of
preparation described herein to provide the water dispersible powder or the water
dispersible granule described herein. If the water dispersible powder is produced by
spray drying, it may be further processed into the water dispersible granule using pan
or drum granulation, mixing agglomeration, extrusion granulation or fluid bed
granulation.
VII. Additional Pesticide Components
The solid idal compositions or the liquid herbicidal concentrates
described herein may be applied in conjunction with one or more other pesticides to
control a Wider variety of undesirable pests. When used in conjunction with these
other pesticides, the presently claimed solid pesticidal compositions or the liquid
herbicidal concentrates can be formulated with the other ide or pesticides, tank
mixed with the other ide or pesticides or applied sequentially with the other
pesticide or pesticides. In addition to the compositions and uses set forth above, the
compositions described herein may be used in combination with one or more
additional compatible ingredients. Other additional compatible ingredients may
include, for example, one or more agrochemical active ingredients, surfactants, dyes,
fertilizers, growth regulators and pheromones and any other additional ients
providing functional utility, such as, for example, stabilizers, fragrants and
dispersants.
It is usually desirable to utilize one or more e—active agents (i.e.,
surfactants) with the compositions described herein when they are combined with or
used in conjunction with additional compatible ingredients as described herein. Such
e—active agents are advantageously employed in both solid and liquid
compositions, especially those designed to be diluted with carrier before application.
The surface—active agents can be anionic, cationic or nonionic in character and can be
employed as emulsifying agents, wetting agents, suspending , or for other
purposes. Surfactants conventionally used in the art of formulation and which may
also be used in the present formulations are described, inter alia, in “McCutcheon’s
Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual”, MC Publishing Corp., Ridgewood, New ,
1998 and in “Encyclopedia of Surfactants”, Vol. I—III, Chemical publishing Co., New
York, 1980—81. Typical surface—active agents include salts of alkyl sulfates, such as
diethanolammonium lauryl sulfate; alkylarylsulfonate salts, such as calcium dodecyl—
benzenesulfonate; alkylphenol—alkylene oxide addition products, such as
nonylphenol—Clg ethoxylate; alcohol—alkylene oxide addition products, such as
tridecyl alcohol—C16 ethoxylate; soaps, such as sodium stearate; alkylnaphthalene—
sulfonate salts, such as sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate; l esters of sulfo—
succinate salts, such as sodium di(2—ethylhexyl) uccinate; ulfonate salts,
such as sodium lignosulfonate; sorbitol , such as sorbitol oleate; quaternary
amines, such as lauryl trimethylammonium chloride; polyethylene glycol esters of
fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers of ne oxide
and propylene oxide; salts of mono and dialkyl phosphate ; vegetable or seed
oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed/canola oil, olive oil, castor oil, sunflower seed oil,
t oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, palm oil, peanut oil, safflower oil,
2012/062701
sesame oil, tung oil and the like; and esters of the above vegetable oils, particularly
methyl esters.
Oftentimes, some of these materials, such as vegetable or seed oils and their
esters, can be used interchangeably as an agricultural adjuvant, as a liquid carrier or
as a surface active agent.
The solid pesticidal itions described herein may, optionally, be
combined or blended with other solid itions containing different pesticidal
active ingredients to form a composition containing, for example, a physically
uniform blend of granules or a physically uniform blend of powders. This blend of
solid compositions may be used to control a r spectrum of rable pests in
crop and non—crop environments.
VIII. Methods of Controlling Undesirable Vegetation
Another embodiment concerns a method of controlling undesirable
vegetation, fungal pathogens or insects which comprises adding the described solid
pesticidal compositions or the liquid herbicidal compositions to a carrier such as
water and using the resulting water solution containing the dispersed pesticidal active
ingredient for spray application to control undesirable tion, fungal pathogens or
insects in crop or non—crop environments. In this aspect, a pesticidally effective
amount of the aqueous spray mixture derived from the solid pesticidal composition or
the liquid herbicidal composition is applied, for example, to an area of soil or targeted
plant foliage to e suitable control of the undesirable plant pests.
The solid idal compositions or liquid herbicidal concentrates described
herein can additionally be employed to control undesirable vegetation in many crops
that have been made nt to or resistant to them or to other herbicides by genetic
manipulation or by mutation and selection. The bed compositions can, further,
be used in conjunction with glyphosate, glufosinate, dicamba, imidazolinones or 2,4—
2012/062701
D on glyphosate—tolerant, glufosinate—tolerant, a—tolerant, imidazolinone—
tolerant or 2,4—D—tolerant crops. It is generally red to use the described
compositions in combination with herbicides that are selective for the crop being
treated and which complement the spectrum of weeds controlled by these
compounds at the application rate employed. It is further generally preferred to
apply described compositions and other mentary herbicides at the same time,
either as a combination formulation or as a tank mix. Similarly the described
compositions can be used in conjunction with acetolactate synthase tors on
acetolactate synthase tor tolerant crops.
IX. Other Aspects
In an exemplary procedure for preparing the described solid pesticidal
compositions a water phase was prepared by mixing er the water soluble
ingredients including, but not limited to, the solid, water soluble rs or
tants and, optionally, other inert ingredients in water. An oil phase was
prepared by mixing together the oil soluble ingredients including, but not limited to,
oil soluble surfactants, oil soluble diisocyanate or polyisocyanate monomers and oil
soluble active ingredients with heat applied to maintain the oil phase in a liquid state.
The heated oil phase was slowly added into the heated aqueous phase under high
shear homogenization until the desired emulsion droplet size was ed. The
mixture was then d with the water soluble diamine or polyamine monomer to
form the microcapsule and then an additional portion of the polymeric stabilizer was
added and the resulting aqueous capsule suspension was dried to provide the
described solid pesticidal composition as a water dispersible powder or a water
dispersible granule. The microencapsulated, low—melting pesticidal active ingredient
of the described compositions may be prepared in either a batch process or a
continuous process.
WO 66950
An example of a stable, high—load, solid pesticidal composition containing a
low—melting active ingredient comprises:
1) a microcapsule consisting of (a) a water insoluble, thin—wall polyurea shell
prepared by an interfacial polycondensation reaction between ethylenediamine
and PAPI® 27 polyisocyanate and (b) a core comprising fluroxypyr—meptyl
wherein
(i) the ratio of amino moieties to isocyanate moieties is about 1:1,
(ii) the shell has a thickness of greater than about 10 nanometers (nm) and
less than about 60 nm,
(iii) the average apsule size is from about 1 micrometer (um) to
about 25 um, and
(iv) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 2 to
about 165;
2) a solid, water soluble polymeric stabilizer sing, with respect to the total
composition, from about 5 g/kg to about 250 g/kg of a polyvinyl alcohol;
3) a solid, emulsifying or dispersing surfactant comprising, with respect to the
total composition, from about 5 g/kg to about 300 g/kg of an alkyl polyglycoside;
4) an inert formulation ingredient comprising, with respect to the total
composition, from about 50 g/kg to about 150 g/kg of Pergopak M; and
5) an inert formulation ingredient comprising, with respect to the total
composition, from about 40 g/kg to about 80 g/kg of a sodium ulfonate.
wherein the microcapsule, is t in an amount of, with t to the total
composition, from about 300 g/kg to about 900 g/kg, and
wherein the solid pesticidal composition is a water dispersible powder or a water
dispersible e.
Another example of a stable, high—load, solid pesticidal composition
containing a lting active ingredient comprises:
1) a microcapsule consisting of (a) a water insoluble, thin—wall polyurea shell
prepared by an interfacial polycondensation reaction between ethylenediamine
and PAPI® 27 polyisocyanate and (b) a core sing fluroxypyr—meptyl
wherein
(i) the ratio of amino moieties to isocyanate moieties is about 1:1,
(ii) the shell has a thickness of greater than about 10 nanometers (nm) and
less than about 60 nm,
(iii) the average apsule size is from about 1 micrometer (um) to
about 25 um, and
(iv) the weight ratio of the core is from about 2 to about 165;
2) a solid, water soluble polymeric stabilizer sing, with respect to the total
composition, from about 5 g/kg to about 250 g/kg of a polyvinyl l;
3) a solid, emulsifying or dispersing surfactant comprising, with respect to the
total composition, from about 5 g/kg to about 300 g/kg of a sodium lignosulfonate;
wherein the microcapsule is present in an amount of, with respect to the total
composition, from about 300 g/kg to about 900 g/kg, and
wherein the solid pesticidal composition is a water dispersible powder or a water
dispersible granule.
In some embodiments the solid pesticidal composition containing the low—
melting active ingredient comprises fluroxypyr—meptyl.
In some embodiments the solid idal composition containing a low—
melting active ingredient comprises benfluralin, trifluralin, pendimethalin or
ethalfluralin.
In some embodiments the solid pesticidal composition containing the low—
melting active ingredient comprises cyhalofop, clodinafop, dithiopyr, fenoxaprop,
fenoxaprop—P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop—P, quizalofop or quizalofop—P, and derivatives or
mixtures thereof.
In some embodiments the solid pesticidal composition containing the low—
melting active ingredient comprises nitrapyrin, myclobutanil, chlorpyrifos,
chlorpyrifos—methyl, or cloquintocet—mexyl.
In one embodiment of the solid compositions described herein,
(a) the water soluble polyamine monomer is a diamine and the oil
soluble polyisocyante monomer is a yanate;
(b) the low g active ingredient is fluroxypyr—meptyl, benfluralin,
trifluralin, ethalfluralin, cyhalofop, clodinafop, dithiopyr,
prop, fenoxaprop—P, fop, haloxyfop—P, quizalofop or
ofop—P, or nitrapyran;
(c) the ea shell has a thickness of from about 20 nm to about 40
(d) the average microcapsule size is from about 1 um to about 20 um;
(e) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 10
to about 85;
WO 66950
(f) the solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer is a nyl
alcohols or polyvinylpyrrolidones;
(g) the solid, water soluble, polymeric izer is present in an
amount, with t to the total composition, of from about 20
g/kg to about 50 g/kg;
(h) the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is an APG
tant, lignosulfonate salt, a sucrose ester of a fatty acid, or a
caprylate ester of sucrose and sodium dioctyl sulphossuccinate;
the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant present in an amount, with
respect to the total composition, of from about 200 g/kg to about 250 g/kg.
In one embodiment of the aqueous compositions described herein,
(a) the water soluble polyamine monomer is a diamine and the oil soluble
polyisocyanate monomer is a diisocyanate;
(b) wherein the low melting active ingredient is benfluralin, ethalfluralin,
trifluralin, fluroxypyr meptyl, or nitrapyrin;
(c) the polyurea shell has a thickness of from about 15 nm to about 45 nm; .
(d) the average microcapsule size is from about 15 um to about 20 um;
(e) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 50 to about
l 10;
(f) the low—melting active ient is present in an amount of from about 400
g/L to about 600 g/L;
(g) the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is a polyvinyl alcohol;
(h) the solid emulsifying or solid sing surfactant is present in an amount,
with respect to the total composition, from about 5 g/L to about 15 g/L; and
wherein the core comprises no more than 3% of oil solvent with respect to the
total weight of the core.
X. Examples
The described embodiments and following es are for illustrative
purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Other modifications,
uses, or combinations with respect to the compositions described herein will be
apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and
scope of the claimed subject matter.
Example 1 Preparation of Stable Powders ning a High—load of Fluroxypyr—
meptyl
Powders A and B: A oad, stable, fluroxypyr—meptyl dry powder ation
was prepared by spray drying a microencapsulated oil—in—water emulsion as described
herein. The oil phase of the oil—in—water emulsion was prepared by dissolving 3.440 g
of polyisocyanate (PAPI® 27; The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI) in 67.303
g of molten fluroxypyr—meptyl technical (melting point about 58 °C) at 70 OC. The
aqueous phase of the oil—in—water on was prepared by ving 17.301 g of a
wt% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA; Selvol® 205; Sekisui Specialty
Chemicals America LLC, , TX) and 3.042 g of a 50 wt% on of an
alkylated polyglucoside (APG) solution (Agnique® PG 9116; Cognis, Cincinnati,
OH) in 60.846 g of deionized (DI) water at 70 OC. The oil phase was slowly added
into the aqueous phase while mixing with a Silverson high shear mixer for 5—10
minutes at approximately 3000 to 5000 rpm to produce a fine emulsion with
suspended oil droplets with a volume average mean diameter (d(0.5)) of about 2.5
microns (um). The aqueous on contains 50.161 wt% of water, 2.278 wt% of
PVA, 1.001 wt% of APG, 44.300 wt% of fluroxypyr tech, and 2.262 wt% of PAPI
27. Once the desired emulsion size was obtained, 2.736 g of a 30 wt% aqueous
solution of ethylenediamine was added dropwise into the mixture over a period of
about 2—3 minutes at 70 OC. The mixture was then kept at 70 0C for about 1 hour with
Silverson mixing to form apsules with a capsule wall thickness of about 25
nanometers (nm). The ncapsulated oil droplets were further stabilized by
adding an additional 39.744 g of 20 wt% aqueous Selvol® 205 PVA to the
microcapsule suspension. An aqueous solution of 0.380 g of 50 wt% APG
ue® PG 9116), 5.704 g of Pergopak® M (Albemarle Corp., Baton Rouge, LA),
9.612 g of Polyfon® F (MeadWestvaco, Richmond, VA) and 233.607 g of DI water
was added to the microcapsule suspension. The final aqueous microcapsule
suspension containing 22.5 wt% solids in water and maintained at 70 0C was dried in
a spray drier (BUCHI 290) at a feed rate of 300 ml/hr and inlet/outlet temperatures of
about 135 OC/80 0C, respectively. The dried powder r A) provided particles
with a volume median diameter (d(0.5)) of 4.8 um upon redispersion in water.
Compositions of Powder A and a similarly prepared sample (Powder B), ning
built—in adjuvant, are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Composition of High—Load Powders Containing Fluroxypyr—meptyl
. Powder A M
Ingredients (w/ built—1n
(Wt% ) adjuvantl; Wt%)
ypyr—meptyl (a.i.) 67.303 73.750
PAPI® 27 3.440 3.000
Ethylenediamine (EDA) 0.821 0.720
PVA (Celvol® 205) 11.409 7.000
APG (Agglnllgffi PG
1.711 12.0001
Pergopak® M 5.704 0.00
Polyfon® F 9.612 0.00
Morwet® D425 0.000 3.540
WO 66950
1The additional amount of Agnique® PG 9116 used in this sample, as
compared to Powder A, serves as the built-in adjuvant.
Powders C and D: A high—load, stable, fluroxypyr—meptyl dry powder formulation
was prepared by spray drying a microencapsulated oil—in—water emulsion as
described herein. The oil phase of the oil—in—water on was prepared by
dissolving 3.452 g of polyisocyanate (PAPI® 27; The Dow Chemical Company,
Midland, MI) in 67.622 g of molten floroxypyr—meptyl technical (melting point
about 58 °C) at 70 OC. The aqueous phase of the oil—in—water emulsion was prepared
by dissolving 18.5 g of a 20 wt% s solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA;
Selvol® 205; Sekisui Specialty Chemicals America LLC, Dallas, TX) containing 0.1
wt% Proxel® GXL as biocide and 69.667 g of a 35 wt% solution of sodium
ulfonate (Borresperse Na, Borregaard LignoTech, Sarpsborg, Norway) at 70
OC. The oil phase was slowly added into the aqueous phase while mixing with a
Silverson high shear mixer for 5—10 minutes at approximately 5000 rpm to e a
fine emulsion with ded oil droplets with a volume median diameter (d(0.5)) of
about 2.5 microns (um). The aqueous emulsion contains 37.727 wt% of water,
2.323 wt% of PVA, 15.310 wt% of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.012 wt% Proxel GXL,
42.460 wt% of fluroxypyr tech, and 2.168 wt% of PAPI 27. Once the desired
on size was obtained, 2.746 g of a 30 wt% aqueous solution of
ethylenediamine was added dropwise into the mixture over a period of about 30
seconds while mixing with the Silversion mixer. The mixture was then kept at 70 0C
for about 1 to 2.5 hours depending on batch sizes with Silverson mixing to form
microcapsules with a capsule wall thickness of about 25 nanometers (nm). 237.994 g
of DI water was added to the apsule suspension to produce the final aqueous
microcapsule suspension containing 25 wt% solids in water. The microcapsule
suspension, ined at 70 °C, was dried in a spray dryer (BUCHI 290) at a feed
rate of 300 ml/hr and inlet/outlet temperatures of about 135 OC/80 °C, respectively.
The dried powder (Powder C) provided particles with a volume median diameter
(d(0.5)) of about 3—5 um upon re—dispersion in water.
2012/062701
In a similar manner, another dry powder composition was prepared by adding
um sulfate to the microcapsule sion ed above prior to g it
into the spray dryer resulting in the preparation of Powder D (Table 2). Powder D
provided particles with a volume median diameter )) of about 3—5 pm upon re—
dispersion in water.
The compositions described in Table 2 were also prepared at larger scale by
using an in—line homogenizer to create the on and an in—line static mixer for the
ethylenediamine addition. The tip speed of the homogenizer (IKA Magic) using a
coarse, medium, fine rotor—stator combination was 21—24 meters/second at a liquid
flow rate of about 800 g/min. Spray drying was accomplished at the larger scale with
a Niro Mobile Minor spray dryer using a liquid feed rate of about 40 grams/minute
and inlet/outlet temperatures of 135 OC and 75 °C, respectively.
Table 2. Composition of High—Load Powders Containing Fluroxypyr—meptyl
Ingredients
(Wt%) (Wt%)
Fluroxypyr—meptyl (a.i.)
PAPI® 27
Ethylenediamine (EDA)
PVA (Selvol® 205)
Borresperse Na
Proxel GXL 0.019 0.016
Ammonium Sulfate 0.000 11.98
Example 2 Preparation of High Load Compositions Containing Benfluralin
A: Pre aration of hi h load a ueous ca sule sus ensions containin benfluralin
Continuous Process: Using the ingredients and amounts listed in Table 3 an aqueous
capsule suspension of benfluralin was prepared. An aqueous phase composed of 1.25
wt% polyvinyl alcohol (Selvol 205) and 8 wt% sodium acetate was prepared and
ined at 80 0C. Molten benfluralin technical was combined in—line with a
mixture of polyisocyanate (PAPI 27; Dow Chemical) and Aromatic l50ND, to
provide an oil phase that was maintained at 80 0C as it was added along with the
aqueous phase above in a continuous feed process to a rotor—stator homogenizer (10—
meters/sec tip speed) to provide the desired 17 micron sized oil droplets )) in
the resulting emulsion that was then treated in—line with 10 wt% ethylenediamine in
water as it was pumped out of the nizer to form the 35 nm polyurea e
wall of the 17.7 micron sized (d(0.5)) capsules as determined on a Malvem
Mastersizer 2000. The mixture was allowed to stir and cool to room ature to
provide Capsule Suspension A. Once Capsule Suspension A had cooled to ambient
temperature, aqueous solutions of the rheology modifiers xantham gum (Kelzan S; 3
wt% in water) and smectite clay (Veegum K; 5 wt% in water) were added using an
IKA Eurostar Power Cont—Visc mixer with a 1.6” dispersing blade. Additional water
and Proxel GXL were finally added to bring the final concentration of benfluralin in
the resulting capsule suspension to 480 g/L (Sample 27). In a similar , Sample
28 was also prepared.
Table 3. Composition of Aqueous e Suspensions ning Benfluralin
Prepared by a Continuous Process
./|_ W0 t %
Benfluralin 480.00 41.45 480.00 41.58
Tech impurities
Aromatic 150ND
PAPI 27
Celvol 205
Kelzan S
Proxel GXL
Na Acetate
water
1,158.08 100.00 1154.47 100.00
WO 66950
Batch Process: By using a batch processing method, aqueous capsule suspensions
67, 87 and 95 containing benfluralin were prepared as described.
Preparation of Sample 87: A high—load, stable, benfluralin liquid formulation was
prepared by microencapsulating an oil—in—water emulsion as described herein. The
oil phase of the oil—in—water emulsion was prepared by dissolving 1.5 g of
polyisocyanate (PAPI® 27; The Dow al Company, Midland, MI) in a mixture
of 118.6 g of molten benfluralin technical (melting point about 65 °C) and 29.6 g of
Aromatic 150ND at 70 OC. The aqueous phase of the oil—in—water emulsion was
prepared by dissolving 22 g of sodium acetate (Sigma Aldrich) in 150 g of a 3 wt%
aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA; Selvol® 205; Sekisui lty
Chemicals America LLC, Dallas, TX) at 70 OC. The aqueous phase was slowly
added into the oil phase while mixing with a Silverson high shear mixer for 2—3
minutes at approximately 7500 rpm to produce a fine emulsion with ded oil
droplets with a volume average mean er (d(0.5)) of about 18 microns (um).
The aqueous emulsion contains 48.1 wt% of water, 1.3 wt% of PVA, 6.5wt%
sodium acetate, 33.14 wt% of benfluralin tech, and 0.43 wt% of PAPI 27. Once the
desired on droplet size was obtained, the emulsion was allowed to cool to
room temperature and then 3.6 g of a 10 wt% aqueous solution of ethylenediamine
was added dropwise into the mixture over a period of about 1—2 minutes. The
e was then kept at room temperature (25°C) for about 1 hour with low shear
mixing using an IKA Eurostar Power Cont—Visc mixer to form microcapsules with a
capsule wall thickness of about 35 nanometers (nm). The ncapsulated oil
ts were further stabilized by adding an additional 15 g of 5 wt% aqueous
Veegum K® and 3 g of 3wt% aqueous Kelzan S® to the microcapsule suspension to
provide Capsule Suspension 87. Compositions of Capsule Suspension 87 and a
similarly prepared sample le Suspension 67) are shown in Table 4.
Preparation of Sample 95: A high—load, stable, benfluralin liquid ation was
prepared by microencapsulating an oil—in—water on as described herein. The oil
phase of the oil—in—water emulsion was prepared by dissolving 3.6 g of polyisocyanate
(PAPI® 27; The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI) in a mixture of 118.0 g of
molten benfluralin technical (melting point about 65 °C) and 34.0 g of isobutyl
salicylate at 70 OC. The aqueous phase of the oil—in—water emulsion was ed by
preparing l50g of a 3 wt% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA; Selvol® 205;
Sekisui Specialty Chemicals a LLC, Dallas, TX) at 70 OC. The aqueous phase
was slowly added into the oil phase while mixing with a Silverson high shear mixer
for 2—3 minutes at approximately 8500 to 9500 rpm to produce a fine emulsion with
suspended oil droplets with a volume average mean diameter (d(0.5)) of about 8
s (um). Once the desired on t size was obtained, the emulsion
was allowed to cool to room temperature and then 7.6 g of a 10 wt% aqueous on
of ethylenediamine was added se into the mixture over a period of about l—2
minutes. Next, 50 g of a 30 wt% aqueous solution of sodium chloride was added
dropwise into mixture over period of 2—3 minutes. The mixture was then kept at room
temperature (25°C) for about 1 hour with low shear mixing with IKA Eurostar Power
Cont—Visc mixer to form microcapsules with a e wall thickness of about 35
nanometers (nm). The microencapsulated oil droplets were further stabilized by
adding an additional 15 g of 5 wt% aqueous Veegum K® and 3 g of 3wt% aqueous
Kelzan S® to the microcapsule suspension to provide Capsule Suspension 95. The
composition of Capsule Suspension 95 is shown in Table 4 and the dimensions of
microcapsules contained in samples 67, 87 and 95 are shown in Table 5.
Table 4. Wt% Composition of High—Load Capsule sions ning
Benfluralin Prepared by a Batch Process
Capsule Suspension ID
Component 87 67 95
Bennuraun
Tech imourities
Aromatic 150ND 8.63 0
isobutyl salicylate 0.00 8.92
PAPI 27 0.43 0.94
Celvol 205
Veegum
Kelzan S
NaAcetate
Sodium chloride
Proxel GXL
water
Table 5. ions of Aqueous apsules Containing alin
Prepared by Batch Processing Method
Sample Capsule size (um) Wall Thickness (nm)
67 12.1 35
87 17.6 35
Storage Stability Testing of Capsule Suspensions Containing Benfluralin:
The storage stability of benfluralin capsule suspension samples 67, 87 and 95
was assessed by subjecting them to freeze/thaw (F/T) conditions for 2 weeks where
the temperature was cycled from about —lO °C to about 40 °C every 24 hours. After
storage (2 wk F/T), the sample stability was evaluated by measuring the particle size
distribution and comparing it to the initial values as shown in Table 6. As shown in
Table 7, benfluralin capsule suspension sample 27 red by a continuous
process) was stored at a number of different temperature conditions and showed
good stability. Table 7A shows the weight% of solids ed from samples 27 and
28 that were collected after passing them through Wet Sieve—No. 200 (75 micron).
Table 6. Storage ity Testing of Aqueous Microcapsules Prepared by
Batch Processing Method by Monitoring Particle Size Changes
Particle Size (um)
Storage
Conditions
initial
2wk F/T
27.3
initial 8.4 14.2
2 wk F/T 13.6 55.1
Table 7. Storage Stability g of Aqueous Capsule Suspension Sample 27
and Sample 28 Prepared by a uous Processing Method by
Monitoring Particle Size Changes
Particle Size (um)
Storaoe Conditions d 0.5 d 0.9 d 0.5 d 0.9
2wk 40°C 17.8 30.2 16.9 26.1
18.3 31.4 20.3 43.8
17.6 27.1 16.9 26.1
17.6 27.1 1 7 26.2
18wk 40°C 1 7
Table 7A. Wt% of Solids from 27 and 28 that were Collected
in Wet Sieve—No. 200 (75 micron)
Storage
Conditions
2wk 40°C 0.000% 0.000%
2wk F/T 0.010% 1.070%
4wk 40°C 0.010% 0.010%
8wk 40°C 0.016% 0.020%
B: Preparation of Stable Spray Dried s Containing Benfluralin
The following procedure was used to prepare the itions listed in
Table 8. A sample of Capsule Suspension A (benfluralin CS) was added to a 150 ml
glass beaker, followed by water, Celvol 205, Borresperse Na, and the processing
agent (Pergopak M or Morwet D—425, where applicable). Each sample, containing
about 25 wt% of solids, was prepared using an IKA Eurostar 6000 mixer with l”
dispersing blade revolving at 1200 rpm. Each solution was allowed to ghly
miX (5—10 min) before being spray dried. A Buchi B—290 spray dryer was set up to
run in closed cycle mode in which positive pressure was used to push nitrogen gas,
rather than air, through the system instead of using ve pressure to draw the
nitrogen gas through the system. Furthermore, nitrogen gas was introduced into the
system through the spray nozzle as the atomization gas and was piped into the intake
of the blower to yield a total oxygen content of about 3.8% when the system was
fully operational. A peristaltic pump was used to deliver the liquid benfluralin CS
sample to the spray dryer. The inlet/outlet temperatures for the spray dryer were 100
0C/40 0C for sample 1A and 105—1 10 OC/46—52 0C for s lB—lE. Once each
sample had been spray dried, the dried powder was collected and the particle size
was measured using a Malvem Master Sizer 2000. The particle sizes of the spray
dried samples can be seen below in Table 9 along with the particle size of the
benfluralin CS composition that was used to e each sample. The data in Table
9 shows that each spray dried powder, upon addition to water, provides les that
are of a similar size to those of the starting capsule suspension.
Table 8. Composition of Spray Dried Powders Containing Benfluralin
Component 1A 1B 1C 1D
Benfluralin Tech 67.00% 72.11% 79.29% 67.68% 67.23%
Aromatic 150 ND 7.45% 8.02% 8.82% 7.53% 7.48%
PAPI 27 0.75% 0.81% 0.89% 0.76% 0.75%
EDA 0.17% 0.19% 0.21% 0.18% 0.17%
Celvol 205 13.27% 12.45%
Sodium Acetate 5.41% 5.47%
Proxel GXL 0.08% 0.07%
Agrimer 30 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
perse NA 5.87% 6.69% 0.88% 0.00% 2.92%
Morwet D-425 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 5.87% 0.00%
Pergopak M 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 6.05%
Total 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Table 9. Particle Size Analysis of Spray Dried Powders Containing
Benfluralin after Re—dispersion in Water
Particle Size (um)
Sample ID
lO ations for deterrninin microca sule shell wall thickness
Microcapsule wall thickness may be determined using methodology know to
those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment, shell wall thickness is
determined as set forth below. The calculation of the amounts of capsule wall
components needed to achieve a target wall thickness was based on the ric
formula relating the volume of a sphere to its radius. If a core—shell morphology is
assumed, with the core comprised of the non wall—forming, water insoluble
components (herbicide and herbicide safener) and the shell wall made up of the
polymerizable materials (oil and water soluble monomers), then on (1) holds,
ng the ratio of the volume of the core (VC) and the volume of the core, plus the
volume of the shell (Vs) to their respective radii, where rs is radius of the capsule
including the shell and 1S is thickness of the shell.
VC+VS _[ r5
Vc rs —ls T (1)
Solving equation (1) for the volume of the shell yields:
VS=VC££ 3
rs_ls 1—1]
Substituting masses (mi) and densities (di) for their respective s (ms /ds 2 Vs
and mc /dC= VC, where the subscript s or c refers to the shell or core, respectively)
and solving for the mass of the shell gives:
mS=mC:—SU 3
C rs_ls j—l]
In order to simplify the calculation and directly use the respective weights of the
capsule core and shell components the approximation that the density ratio dS/dC is
imately equal to one was made yielding equation (4).
msszLL 3 —1]
rs_ls ]
Making the tutions mc 2 H10 — mOSM, ms 2 H10 + (fWSM/OSM))mOSM — Inc, and
fWSM/OSM = mWSM / mOSM (the ratio of water soluble r to oil soluble
monomer), where mo is the total mass of the oil components (herbicide, herbicide
safener and oil-soluble monomer), mom is the mass of the oil-soluble monomer, and
mWSM is the mass of the water-soluble monomer, and solving for mom yields:
mOSM — 3
fWSM /OSM + E s
rs_ls ] (5)
For the determination of mOSM, the entire quantity of mWSM was used in the
calculation as a tion.
Example 2 Use of the Described Compositions for Weed Control
Use of Spray Dried Powders Containing Fluroxypyr-meptyl for Weed Control
Postemergence greenhouse trial methods: A peat based potting soil, Metro-mix 360,
(produced by Sun Gro Horticulture Canada CM Ltd) was used as the soil media for
this test. Metro-mix 360 is a g medium consisting of an sphagnum peat
moss, coarse perlite, bark ash, starter nutrient charge (with gypsum) and slow e
nitrogen and dolomitic limestone. Several seeds of each species were d in 10
cm square pots and top watered twice daily. Plant material was propagated in
greenhouse zone E2 at a constant temperature of 18 to 20 OC and 50 to 60% relative
humidity. Natural light was supplemented with lOOO-watt metal halide overhead
lamps with an average illumination of 500 microeinsteins per square meter per second
(uE m"2 s'l) photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). Day length was 16 hours. Plant
material was top-watered prior to treatment and sub-irrigated after treatment.
Treatments were applied with a track sprayer manufactured by Allen e Works
and located in building 306, room El-483. The sprayer utilized an 8003E spray
nozzle, spray pressure of 262 kPa pressure and speed of 2.0 mph to deliver 187 L/Ha.
The nozzle height was 46 cm above the plant canopy. The growth stage of the
various weed species ranged from 2 to 6 leaf and is listed below by species
Application rates were 0, 8.8, 17.5, 35, 70 and 140 g ae/ha. Treatments were
replicated 3 times. Plants were ed to the greenhouse after treatment and subwatered
throughout the on of the eXperiment. Plant material was fertilized
twice weekly with Hoagland’s fertilizer solution that is readily available in the
greenhouses. t visual injury assessments were made on a scale of 0 to 100% as
compared to the untreated control plants (where 0 is equal to no injury and 100 is
equal to complete death of the plant.
Table 10. Information Table for the Plant Species Tested with the Described
Compositions.
Common Name Scientific Name —g_GrowthSt? e at
application
Galium aparine 3 to 4 leaf
Common eed Stellaria media 4 to 6 leaf
Wild buckwheat Polygonum vulus 2 to 4 leaf
Kochia Kochia scoparia 2 to 4 leaf
Soybeans Glycine max 1 to 2 trifoliate
Table 11. Percent Weed Control Using an Aqueous Spray Solution Prepared
from Powder A Alone and With Added ix Adjuvant Agral 90 -
21 days After Application
Sam le % Control % Control % Control % Control
Tested STEME GALAP POLCO GLXMA
Powder A 25 23 NT2 1
Powder A 18 30 25 10
Powder A 20 52 73 5
Powder A 45 75 43
Powder A 90 63
Powder A 8.8 47 43 NT 5
Agral 90 is a non-ionic surfactant adjuvant ble from Norac Concepts Inc.
NT — Not Tested
Table 12. Percent Weed Control Using an s Spray Solution Prepared
from Powder B Alone and With Added Tank-mix Adjuvant Agral 90 -
21 days After Application
Sam le 1 m % Control % Control % Control % Control
Tested (g ae/ha) STEME GALAP POLCO KCHSC
91 7s 69
86 72 7o
Agral 90 is a non-ionic surfactant adjuvant available from Norac Concepts Inc.
Use of Aqueous Capsule Suspensions Containing Benfluralin for Weed Control
Preplant orated greenhouse trial methods:
Soil treatment: Four — 5 inch pots containing “Mooresville” sandy Loam soil were
used for each treatment. A hand held sprayer (nozzle: 8003E) was used to apply the
spray solutions to 18 kilograms of soil in a cement mixer at a spray volume of 300
milliliters (mLs) of solution per treatment.
ng: Once treated, the soil was placed in 16-5 inch pots and the soil tamped
down. A sample of treated soil was reserved as a cover soil following planting. Seeds
were counted or measured by seed scoops into vials before treatment. The seeds were
planted into the treated soil and covered with an appropriate amount of treated cover
soil. The pots were kept in a greenhouse maintained at 18 0C, were top-watered as
needed to maintain acceptable re levels and were evaluated at the indicated
intervals after application. t visual injury assessments were made on a scale of
0 to 100% as compared to the untreated control plants (where 0 is equal to no injury
and 100 is equal to complete death of the plant).
Plant Species: (some co-planted in a single pot)
Common Name Bayer Code
Redroot pigweed/ perennial ryegrass AMARE / LOLPE
Crabgrass DIGSA
Field violets/ Lambsquarters VIOAR / CHEAL
Herbicide Test Results: Based on s from the greenhouse study shown in Table
13, it was observed that the 17 micron / 35 nm le size/wall thickness) capsule
(sample 87) med nearly equivalent to the EC (BF-1533) ation of
benfluralin at a use rate of 1440 g ai/ha. Comparing both the biological data (Table
13) and the physical storage stability data (Table 6), it can be seen that Sample 87
(35 nm capsule wall thickness; 17.6 micron median capsule size) was the better
performing composition of the test samples and was comparable biologically to the
EC formulation of benfluralin (BF—1533).
1001257647
Table 13. Percent Weed Control Using Aqueous Capsule Suspensions
ning Benfluralin ~ Spray Applied at 1440 g/ha as a nt
Incorporated Treatment - 21 days After Application
____|__
Sample % Control % Control % Control % Control
Tested AMARE LOLPE DIGSA CHEAL
EF—1533 (EC)1 89 94 100 97
87 88 96 99 97
67 68 66 93 86
95 69 89 86 96
EF—1533 is a commercial EC formulation containing 180 g/L of benfluralin (not
encapsulated).
As used herein, except where the context requires otherwise, the term "comprise" and
variations of the term, such as "comprising", "comprises" and "comprised", are not
intended to exclude other additives, components, rs or steps.
Reference to any prior art in the specification is not, and should not be taken as, an
acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that this prior art forms part of the
common general knowledge in New Zealand or any otherjurisdiction.
7647
Claims (32)
1. A stable solid pesticidal composition comprising: 1) a microcapsule consisting of (a) a water insoluble, all polyurea shell 5 ed by an acial polycondensation reaction between a water soluble polyamine monomer and an oil soluble polyisocyanate monomer and (b) a core comprising a low melting active ingredient, wherein (i) the ratio of amino moieties to isocyanate moieties is about 1:1; (ii) the polyurea shell has a thickness of greater than about 10 nm and less 10 than about 60 nm; (iii) the average microcapsule size is from about 1 um to about 25 um; (iv) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 2 to about 165; and (v) the microcapsule is present in an amount, with respect to the total 15 composition, from about 300 g/kg to about 900 g/kg;
2) a solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer present in an amount, with respect to the total composition, of from about 5 g/kg to about 250 g/kg; and 3) a solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant present in an , with respect to the total composition, from about 5 g/kg to about 300 g/kg. 20 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water soluble polyamine monomer is a e and the oil soluble polyisocyanate monomer is a diisocyanate. 1001257647
3. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the low melting active ingredient is fluroxypyr-meptyl, benfluralin, trifluralin, ethalfluralin, cyhalofop, eyhalofop-butyl, afop, dithiopyr, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, quizalofop or quizalofop—P, or nitrapyrin.
4. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polyurea shell has a ess of from about 20 nm to about 40 nm.
5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the average microcapsule size is from about 1 pm to about 20 am.
6. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the 10 weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 10 to about 85.
7. The composition of any one ofclaims l to 6, n the solid, water e, polymeric izer is a polyvinyl l or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
8. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer is present in an amount, with respect to the total 15 composition, of from about 20 g/kg to about 50 g/kg.
9. The composition of anyone ms l to 8, wherein the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is an APG surfactant, lignosulfonate salt, a sucrose ester of a fatty acid, or a caprylate ester of sucrose and sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate. 20
10. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is present in an amount, with respect to the total composition, of from about 200 g/kg to about 250 g/kg.
11. The composition of claim 1, wherein (a) the water soluble polyamine monomer is a diamine and the oil 25 soluble polyisoeyanate monomer is a diisocyanate; 1001257647 (b) the low melting active ingredient is fluroxypyr—meptyl, benfluralin, trifluralin, ethalfluralin, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, elodinafop, dithiopyr, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, quizalofop or quizalofop—P, or nitrapyrin; (c) the polyurea shell has a thickness of from about 20 nm to about 40 (d) the average microcapsule size is from about 1 pm to about 20 am; (e) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 10 to about 85; 10 (t) the solid, water e, polymeric stabilizer is a polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrrolidone; (g) the solid, water soluble, polymeric stabilizer is present in an amount, with respect to the total composition, of from about 20 g/kg to about 50 g/kg; 15 (h) the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing tant is an APG surfactant, lignosulfonate salt, a sucrose ester of a fatty acid, or a caprylate ester of sucrose and sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; and (i) the solid emulsifying or solid sing surfactant is present in an amount, with respect to the total composition, of from about 200 20 g/kg to about 250 g/kg.
12. The composition of any one of claims 1 to l 1, wherein the ition further comprises one or more additional inert ingredients.
13. The ition of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the composition further comprises one or more onal active ingredients. 1001257647
14. The composition of claim 13, wherein the one or more additional active ingredients is ulam, florasulam, cloquintocent mexyl, a compound of the formula (I) or a C1—C6 alkyl ester f; N COOH CI F OCH3 5 I or a compound of formula (II) or a or a C1—C9 alkyl or C7-C9 arylalkyl ester thereof F / Cl N COOH Cl F OCH3
15. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the low 10 g active ingredient has a melting point less than 100°C.
16. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the low melting active ingredient has a melting point less than 85°C.
17. A stable aqueous pesticidal composition comprising: 1) a microcapsule consisting of (a) a water insoluble, thin-wall 15 polyurea shell prepared by an interfacial polycondensation reaction 1001257647 between a water soluble ine monomer and an oil soluble polyisocyanate monomer and (b) a core comprising a low melting active ingredient, wherein (i) the ratio of amino es to isocyanate moieties is about 1:1; 5 (ii) the polyurea shell has a thickness of greater than about 20 nm and less than about 75 nm; (iii) an average microcapsule size is from about 10 pm to about 25 um; (iv) a weight ratio ofthe core to the polyurea shell from about 2 to about 165' 10 (v) the low—melting active ingredient is present in an amount of from about 200 g/L to about 750 g/L; (vi) the core comprises no more than 5% ol‘oil solvent with respect to the total weight of the core; and 2) a solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant present in an 15 amount, with respect to the total composition, of from about 5 g/L to about 150 g/L.
18. The ition of claim 17, wherein the water soluble ine monomer is a diamine and the oil soluble polyisocyanate monomer is a diisocyanate. 20
19. The composition of claim 17 or 18, wherein the low melting active ingredient is benfluralin, ethalfluralin, trifluralin, fluroxypyr meptyl, or nitrapyrin.
20. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the ea shell has a thickness of from about 15 nm to about 45 nm. 1001257647
21. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the average microcapsule size is from about 15 um to about 20 um.
22. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 50 to about 110. 5
23. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the low—melting active ingredient is present in an amount of from about 400 g/L to about 600 g/L.
24. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 23, wherein the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is a polyvinyl alcohol. 10
25. The composition of any one ofclaims 17 to 24, wherein the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is present in an amount, with respect to the total composition, of from about 5 g/L to about 15 g/L.
26. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 25, wherein the core comprises no more than 3% of oil t with respect to the total weight ofthe 15 core.
27. The composition of claim 17, n (a) the water soluble polyamine monomer is a diamine and the oil soluble polyisoeyanate monomer is a diisocyanate; (b) wherein the low melting active ient is ralin, ethalfluralin, 20 trifluralin, fluroxypyr meptyl, or yrin; (e) the polyurea shell has a thickness of from about 15 nm to about 45 nm; (d) the average microcapsule size is from about 15 um to about 20 um; (e) the weight ratio of the core to the polyurea shell is from about 50 to about 1 10; 1001257647 (0 the low—melting active ingredient is present in an amount of from about 400 g/L to about 600 g/L; (g) the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is a polyvinyl alcohol; (h) the solid emulsifying or solid dispersing surfactant is t in an amount, 5 with respect to the total ition, from about 5 g/L to about 15 g/L; and (i) wherein the core comprises no more than 3% of oil solvent with respect to the total weight of the core.
28. The composition of any one ofclaims 17 to 27, wherein the composition further comprises one or more additional inert ients. 10
29. The composition of any one of claims 17 to 28, wherein the composition further comprises one or more additional active ients.
30. The composition ofclaim 29, n the one or more additional active ingredients is pyroxsulam, florasulam, cloquintocent mexyl, a compound of the formula (I) or a C1—C6 alkyl ester thereof; N COOH Cl F or a compound of formula (II) or a or a C1-C12 alkyl or C7-C12 arylalkyl ester thereof 100 1257647 F / CI N COOH Cl F OCH3
31. The composition of any one ol’claims 17 to 30, wherein the low melting active ient has a melting point less than 100°C. 5
32. The composition of any one of claims l7 to 3 l, wherein the low melting active ingredient has a melting point less than 85°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161554005P | 2011-11-01 | 2011-11-01 | |
US61/554,005 | 2011-11-01 | ||
PCT/US2012/062701 WO2013066950A1 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2012-10-31 | Stable pesticidal compositions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ624217A NZ624217A (en) | 2015-11-27 |
NZ624217B2 true NZ624217B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
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ID=
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