NZ622662B2 - Inhaler - Google Patents
Inhaler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ622662B2 NZ622662B2 NZ622662A NZ62266212A NZ622662B2 NZ 622662 B2 NZ622662 B2 NZ 622662B2 NZ 622662 A NZ622662 A NZ 622662A NZ 62266212 A NZ62266212 A NZ 62266212A NZ 622662 B2 NZ622662 B2 NZ 622662B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- inhaler
- count wheel
- wheel
- dose
- count
- Prior art date
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 210000003195 Fascia Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000000515 Tooth Anatomy 0.000 description 46
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 26
- 230000023298 conjugation with cellular fusion Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000021037 unidirectional conjugation Effects 0.000 description 25
- -1 (2R)[[2-[(aminocarbonyl)amino] chlorophenoxy]acetyl][(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]methylpiperazine monohydrochloride Chemical compound 0.000 description 23
- 210000000614 Ribs Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- 210000003128 Head Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003042 antagnostic Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 6
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 5
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QZZUEBNBZAPZLX-QFIPXVFZSA-N Indacaterol Chemical compound N1C(=O)C=CC2=C1C(O)=CC=C2[C@@H](O)CNC1CC(C=C(C(=C2)CC)CC)=C2C1 QZZUEBNBZAPZLX-QFIPXVFZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- CDRPUGZCRXZLFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N piceatannol Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC(\C=C\C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 CDRPUGZCRXZLFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- XMQODGUTLZXUGZ-RPBOFIJWSA-N 2-[(3S)-3-[[1-[(2R)-2-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutyl]cyclopentanecarbonyl]amino]-2-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3H-1-benzazepin-1-yl]acetic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)CC1(CCCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(N(CC(O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2CC1)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XMQODGUTLZXUGZ-RPBOFIJWSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229950010776 Daglutril Drugs 0.000 description 3
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- 229960003271 Rosiglitazone maleate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- NDAUXUAQIAJITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Salbutamol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(CO)=C1 NDAUXUAQIAJITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Theophylline Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1NC=N2 ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940035295 Ting Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002633 protecting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 3
- SUFUKZSWUHZXAV-BTJKTKAUSA-N rosiglitazone maleate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O.C=1C=CC=NC=1N(C)CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O SUFUKZSWUHZXAV-BTJKTKAUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002052 salbutamol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- AXUZQJFHDNNPFG-LHAVAQOQSA-N 3-[(R)-[3-[(E)-2-(7-chloroquinolin-2-yl)ethenyl]phenyl]-[3-(dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl]sulfanylmethyl]sulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)CCS[C@H](SCCC(O)=O)C1=CC=CC(\C=C\C=2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=CC=2)=C1 AXUZQJFHDNNPFG-LHAVAQOQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 description 2
- JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-{1-hydroxy-2-[(propan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004308 ACETYLCYSTEINE Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KUVIULQEHSCUHY-XYWKZLDCSA-N Beclometasone dipropionate Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(Cl)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)COC(=O)CC)(OC(=O)CC)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O KUVIULQEHSCUHY-XYWKZLDCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940092703 Beclomethasone Dipropionate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XWTYSIMOBUGWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bricaril Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NCC(O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 XWTYSIMOBUGWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100005565 CPOX Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108060001945 CRK Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229940112141 Dry Powder Inhaler Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241001236645 Eremichthys acros Species 0.000 description 2
- WMWTYOKRWGGJOA-CENSZEJFSA-N Fluticasone propionate Chemical compound C1([C@@H](F)C2)=CC(=O)C=C[C@]1(C)[C@]1(F)[C@@H]2[C@@H]2C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)SCF)(OC(=O)CC)[C@@]2(C)C[C@@H]1O WMWTYOKRWGGJOA-CENSZEJFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPZSYCZIITTYBL-YJYMSZOUSA-N Formoterol Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C[C@@H](C)NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(NC=O)=C1 BPZSYCZIITTYBL-YJYMSZOUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000003964 Histone deacetylases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000353 Histone deacetylases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101710002882 IKBKB Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100008724 IKBKB Human genes 0.000 description 2
- CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indometacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWKSKIMOESPYIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-N-acetyl-Cysteine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O PWKSKIMOESPYIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000867 Lipoxygenase Inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001664 Mometasone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanamide Chemical compound CCC(N)=O QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100006394 RNF19A Human genes 0.000 description 2
- LUKBXSAWLPMMSZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N Resveratrol Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 LUKBXSAWLPMMSZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108060000361 SCNN1A Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108060000362 SCNN1B Proteins 0.000 description 2
- GIIZNNXWQWCKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serevent Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CO)=CC(C(O)CNCCCCCCOCCCCC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GIIZNNXWQWCKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulphite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960000195 Terbutaline Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 102000014974 beta2-adrenergic receptor activity proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108040006828 beta2-adrenergic receptor activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003246 corticosteroid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 229960000289 fluticasone propionate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002848 formoterol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001317 isoprenaline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003199 leukotriene receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QLIIKPVHVRXHRI-CXSFZGCWSA-N mometasone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(Cl)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CCl)(O)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O QLIIKPVHVRXHRI-CXSFZGCWSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229960004017 salmeterol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered Effects 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVNZBDLTUKCPGJ-SHQCIBLASA-N (2R)-2-[(3R)-3-amino-3-[4-[(2-methylquinolin-4-yl)methoxy]phenyl]-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl]-N-hydroxy-4-methylpentanamide Chemical compound O=C1N([C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NO)CC[C@@]1(N)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1=CC(C)=NC2=CC=CC=C12 QVNZBDLTUKCPGJ-SHQCIBLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSRHEOWMSRYTNB-PKTZIBPZSA-N (2R)-2-[[1-[[(3S)-1-(carboxymethyl)-2-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3H-1-benzazepin-3-yl]carbamoyl]cyclopentyl]methyl]-4-phenylbutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@H]1CCC2=CC=CC=C2N(C1=O)CC(=O)O)C(=O)C1(C[C@@H](CCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)CCCC1 RSRHEOWMSRYTNB-PKTZIBPZSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZEYYDOLCHFETHQ-JOCHJYFZSA-N (2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(quinolin-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]acetic acid Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)O)C=2C=CC(OCC=3N=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)=CC=2)CCCC1 ZEYYDOLCHFETHQ-JOCHJYFZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIZCLYTDPXEP-LQDNOSPQSA-N (2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2S)-2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O.CC(C)CC1=CC=C([C@H](C)C(O)=O)C=C1 ZLGIZCLYTDPXEP-LQDNOSPQSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IFWMVQUGSGWCRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-acetyloxy-6-chloro-2,3-dimethoxynaphthalen-1-yl) acetate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C=CC2=C(OC(C)=O)C(OC)=C(OC)C(OC(C)=O)=C21 IFWMVQUGSGWCRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAZGFSKJAVQJJI-CHHCPSLASA-N (5Z)-2-amino-5-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-1,3-thiazol-4-one;methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O.CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(\C=C/2C(N=C(N)S\2)=O)=C1 BAZGFSKJAVQJJI-CHHCPSLASA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MVCOAUNKQVWQHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(5-Tert-Butyl-2-P-Tolyl-2h-Pyrazol-3-Yl)-3-[4-(2-Morpholin-4-Yl-Ethoxy)-Naphthalen-1-Yl]-Urea Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N1C(NC(=O)NC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C(OCCN3CCOCC3)=CC=2)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=N1 MVCOAUNKQVWQHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWLSOWXNZPKENC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1-(1-benzothiophen-2-yl)ethyl]-1-hydroxyurea Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(N(O)C(N)=O)C)=CC2=C1 MWLSOWXNZPKENC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAILEWXSEQLMNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyridazin-6-one Chemical compound OC1=CC=CN=N1 AAILEWXSEQLMNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZKHFYORNAYYOTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(C=2C(C=CC(=O)C=2)=O)=C1 ZKHFYORNAYYOTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003070 2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Cl)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- HUHGPYXAVBJSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]ethanol Chemical compound OCCN1CN(CCO)CN(CCO)C1 HUHGPYXAVBJSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LDXDSHIEDAPSSA-OAHLLOKOSA-N 3-[(3R)-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonylamino]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazol-9-yl]propanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@H]1CCC=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3C=2C1)CCC(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LDXDSHIEDAPSSA-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAPZJCCNKZXLQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(=O)N(O)C2=C1 AAPZJCCNKZXLQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHOXNOQMRZISPV-YJYMSZOUSA-N 5-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-[[(2R)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]azaniumyl]ethyl]-2-oxo-1H-quinolin-8-olate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C[C@@H](C)NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C2=C1C=CC(=O)N2 IHOXNOQMRZISPV-YJYMSZOUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHVLZYHEWIBDOU-GDLZYMKVSA-N 5-[4-[carbamoyl(hydroxy)amino]but-1-ynyl]-2-[2-[4-[(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)-phenylmethyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethoxy]benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC(C#CCCN(O)C(=O)N)=CC=C1OCCN1CCN([C@H](C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CC1 KHVLZYHEWIBDOU-GDLZYMKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSNOZLZNQMLSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(Diethylamino)-5-methyl-s-triazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC(C)=NC2=NC=NN12 GSNOZLZNQMLSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ANZXOIAKUNOVQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bambuterol Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)OC1=CC(OC(=O)N(C)C)=CC(C(O)CNC(C)(C)C)=C1 ANZXOIAKUNOVQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
- A61M15/0021—Mouthpieces therefor
- A61M15/0025—Mouthpieces therefor with caps
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- A61M15/0065—Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
- A61M15/0068—Indicating or counting the number of dispensed doses or of remaining doses
- A61M15/007—Mechanical counters
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- A61M15/0075—Mechanical counters having a display or indicator on a disc
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- A61M2205/27—General characteristics of the apparatus preventing use
- A61M2205/276—General characteristics of the apparatus preventing use preventing unwanted use
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- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
- A61M2205/583—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback
- A61M2205/585—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback having magnification means, e.g. magnifying glasses
Abstract
inhaler (100) for delivery of a medicament by inhalation is disclosed. The inhaler comprises a dispensing mechanism visible through a magnified window (200) , the dispensing mechanism being configured to dispense a dose of medicament on actuation. The inhaler further comprises a dose counting mechanism comprising a counter and a translating member. The translating member comprises a pawl. The counter comprises a first count wheel, a second count wheel and an intermediate wheel engaged with the second count wheel and in selective engagement with the first count wheel. When the inhaler is fired to dispense a dose of medicament, the dispensing mechanism moves the translating member in a substantially linear direction. The pawl thus rotates the first count wheel, and as the first count wheel rotates, the intermediate wheel is selectively engaged thereby selectively rotating the second count wheel to count the doses of the inhaler. hanism comprising a counter and a translating member. The translating member comprises a pawl. The counter comprises a first count wheel, a second count wheel and an intermediate wheel engaged with the second count wheel and in selective engagement with the first count wheel. When the inhaler is fired to dispense a dose of medicament, the dispensing mechanism moves the translating member in a substantially linear direction. The pawl thus rotates the first count wheel, and as the first count wheel rotates, the intermediate wheel is selectively engaged thereby selectively rotating the second count wheel to count the doses of the inhaler.
Description
/052240
INHALER
Technical Field
The t invention relates to an inhaler for delivery of a medicament by
inhalation and in particular to the mechanisms of the inhaler for dispensing of a dose of
medicament and ng the dispensed dose.
Background of the Invention
Inhalers are commonly used for ry of a wide range of medicaments. In a
dry powder inhaler (DPI) a dose of powdered substance is entrained in an air stream to
deliver a dose of medicament through a mouthpiece to a user. In a pressurised metered
dose inhaler (pMDI) a canister containing medicament in the r is actuated, e.g. by
compression, to deliver a metered dose of the medicament through a mouthpiece to a user.
The inhaler may be configured to deliver a dose of ment automatically. For
example the inhaler may comprise an ion mechanism to e the canister or to
deliver the ed substance when red. The actuation mechanism may be breath
actuated, i.e. triggered by inhalation of a user through a mouthpiece. This ensures that a
dose of medicament is dispensed whilst the user is inhaling, which is particularly
advantageous since dispensing of a dose of medicament is co-ordinated with inhalation of
the dose.
A breath-actuated pMDI inhaler is described in W02008/082359. The inhaler
actuation mechanism is operable to compress a canister of medicament to deliver a dose of
medicament in response to inhalation by a user. The actuation mechanism comprises a
loading mechanism to bias compression of the canister. A trigger mechanism holds the
loading mechanism against compression of the canister. When a user inhales through a
mouthpiece, the trigger mechanism releases the loading mechanism to allow compression
of the er to deliver a dose of medicament. A resetting mechanism cts with a
mouthpiece cover such that nt of the cover into a closed position resets the
actuation mechanism.
The inhaler of W02008/082359 optionally has a registration module responsive to
actuation of the inhaler, which can indicate, for example, the number of doses of
medicament remaining in the canister. For t safety, the inhaler must not dispense a
dose of medicament without counting the dispensed dose, as this may lead to the patient
erroneously believing that there are remaining doses in an empty r. The inhaler must
also not decrement the count of the dose counter if a dose is not dispensed, since the
patient may erroneously believe that no doses remain in the inhaler and a significant
number of doses may be wasted when the inhaler is disposed of prematurely. Furthermore,
the dose counter display must be sufficiently clear for a patient to be able to reliably and
accurately read the display. For example, if the dose counter displays the number of doses
remaining in the inhaler, if there is any ambiguity or lack of clarity with the displayed
digits, the t may believe that there are more doses remaining than is actually the case,
which is ous for the patient, or may believe that there are fewer doses than actually
remain, and may dispose of the inhaler too soon, wasting medicament.
Summary of the Invention
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an inhaler for delivery
of a medicament by inhalation which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art. This is
ed by the inhaler as defined in the ndent claims.
From a first broad aspect, there is provided an inhaler for delivery of a
medicament by inhalation, the inhaler comprising:
a dose ng mechanism comprising a counter and a translating member, the
translating member comprising a pawl and the counter sing a first count wheel, a
second count wheel and an ediate wheel engaged with the second count wheel and in
selective engagement with the first count wheel,
a dispensing mechanism configured, on actuation, to dispense a dose of
medicament,
wherein:
on actuation, the dispensing mechanism moves the translating member in a
ntially linear direction, whereby the pawl rotates the first count wheel, and
as the first count wheel s, the intermediate wheel is selectively enganged thereby
selectively rotating the second count wheel;
wherein the dose counting mechanism further comprises a r chassis, the counter
chassis being configured to receive and to guide motion of the translating ;
wherein the counter chassis further comprises a chassis pawl that is integrally formed with the
counter s, the chassis pawl configured to enable the wheels of the dose counting mechanism to
rotate in a first, counting direction but to prevent rotation of at least the first count wheel in an opposite,
backwards direction.
3A wed by 4)
wheel and thus consistent on of the wheel by movement of the pawl in the counting
direction.
Embodiments of the present ion are defined in the dependent .
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first count wheel is incremented by
1/10th of a full rotation upon each actuation by the pawl of the translating member (i.e. by
about 36°). Preferably in this embodiment the first count wheel only engages with the
intermediate wheel after one full rotation of the first count wheel, thus the first count wheel
engages with the intermediate wheel after 10 actuations by the pawl, and rotates the second
count wheel by an increment of its full rotation. Preferably the second count wheel is
incremented by between no more than 1/2 a on (about 180°) and less than 1/40th of a
on (about 9°), more preferably by between no more than 1/10th of a rotation (about
36°) and less than 1/20th of a rotation (about 18°), more preferably by between no more
than 1/12th of a rotation (about 30°) and less than 1/15th of a rotation (about 24°), more
preferably by about 1/12th of a rotation (about 30°).
Preferably in the above embodiments, the first count wheel comprises a set of first
count numbers printed, embossed, or otherwise yed annularly thereon, and preferably
the second count wheel comprises a set of second count s printed, embossed or
otherwise displayed annularly thereon. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first
count wheel ses the numbers 0 to 9 arranged annularly and regularly spaced about a
front face f and is incremented by 1/10th of a full rotation (about 36°) upon each
actuation by the pawl. Furthermore, in preferred embodiments, the second count wheel
comprises the numbers 0 to 12 arranged annularly and regularly spaced about a front face
thereof and is ented by 1/12th of a full rotation (about 30°) upon each actuation by
the intermediate wheel. The intermediate wheel selectively engages upon each full
rotation of the first count wheel (i.e. after 10 incremental actuations) and thus rotates the
second count wheel by a single 1/12th increment (i.e. about 30°) every time the first count
wheel has counted 10 dispensed doses. In this way a dose counting mechanism that can
decrement a counter from any of 129 to 120 doses through each individual dose count
down to zero is provided. Of course, with embodiments for counting 150 doses, the
second count wheel comprises the numbers 0 to 15 arranged annularly and regularly
spaced about a front face thereof and is incremented by 1/15th of a filll rotation (about 24°)
upon each actuation by the intermediate wheel, for ments for counting 200 doses,
the second count wheel comprises the numbers 0 to 20 arranged rly and regularly
spaced about a front face thereof and is incremented by 1/20th of a filll rotation (about 18°)
upon each actuation by the intermediate wheel, or any other number of doses from 10 to
400 is envisaged within the scope of the invention, although the number of doses that can
be reliably displayed may be constrained by the size of the ents of the counting
mechanism or indeed by the size of the inhaler itself Furthermore, the increments by
which the wheels are turned do not need to correspond with the numbers displayed on the
front face of the count wheels and it is possible, for example, to increment the count
wheels in steps smaller than the number of doses to be displayed, particularly if it is
desired to have an end of life component, such as a zero dose indicator flag as part of one
or both of the count wheels, as discussed below.
The front face (i.e. the displayed face) of the first count wheel and/or of the
second count wheel preferably comprises not only numerical means to indicate the number
of doses (remaining in or dispensed from the inhaler), but also other indicia. In a red
embodiment, the counter comprises a low dose indicator, preferably a suitably coloured
component so as to be readily visible when displayed, to indicate that the number of doses
remaining in the inhaler is fewer than a ermined number. This s the patient to
receive a warning that a new inhaler should be obtained so as to be ready to replace the
present inhaler when empty. In a preferred ment, the low dose indicator comprises
a portion of the front face of the second count wheel, which is preferably coloured yellow
or amber. Preferably the coloured n is a background to the final numbers of the
second count wheel, for e as a background to the s 2 and l (and zero if a 0 is
displayed) to indicate when the remaining doses count is down to 20 or fewer doses.
Preferably the counter further or alternatively comprises a zero dose indicator,
preferably a suitably coloured component so as to be readily visible when displayed, to
indicate that there are no doses remaining in the inhaler. In red embodiments, the
zero dose indicator comprises a red background to the numbers on the front face of one or
both of the first and second count wheels. However in a particularly preferred
embodiment, the zero dose tor comprises a flag portion of the second count wheel,
the flag protruding from the second count wheel and pping the first count wheel.
Preferably the flag is a distinctive colour, such as red and/or is ctively marked or
patterned, such that it is very clear when it is displayed on the inhaler. Thus, when the
ediate wheel rotates the second count wheel after the last dose is dispensed, the flag
moves into the display area and also covers the display of the first count wheel. This is
advantageous because, even if the first count wheel continues to turn, no dose is visible to
the patient and there is no confilsion as to whether any doses remain. In a particularly
preferred embodiment, the counting mechanism is configured such that, once the zero dose
indicator has rotated into the display, it is not possible to rotate the second count wheel any
filrther and thus the flag will remain in the y. This is preferably achieved by a
suitable toothed arrangement, for example a missing tooth or set of teeth from the second
count wheel to prevent further rotation of the flag, or the like. In such an arrangement, if it
is desired to indicate 120 doses, the second count wheel should be incremented by less than
1/12th of a full rotation (about 30°) upon actuation by the intermediate wheel, for example
by 1/ 13th, 1/ 14th, 1/ 15th (about 28°, 26° or 24° respectively) or even less of filll rotation,
thus providing a region of the front face of the second count wheel on which a flag or other
zero dose indication member can be provided separately from the number of doses.
In ance with embodiments of the present invention, the intermediate wheel
is selectively engaged with the first count wheel and thus is selectively rotated by the first
count wheel. This may be achieved by any suitable ism. For example at least one
of the first count wheel and/or the intermediate wheel could be selectively moved, linearly
or otherwise, into and out of engagement with the other wheel. Preferably however at least
one of the first count wheel and/or the intermediate wheel is configured such that the
wheels engage only at one or more predetermined positions during rotation of the first
count wheel. In a particularly preferred ment, the first count wheel comprises a
notch or other recess on an outer periphery thereof, for receiving a tooth or other protrusion
of the intermediate wheel. Preferably the first count wheel comprises a single notch such
that only once every filll on is the intermediate wheel tooth engaged in the notch, as it
passes the ediate wheel. Of course, it is envisaged that the first count wheel may
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comprise a plurality of notches, evenly or otherwise spaced apart to engage the
intermediate wheel more than once per filll rotation.
The ediate wheel may be of any suitable configuration. Preferably the
intermediate wheel comprises a plurality of evenly spaced teeth about an outer periphery
thereof. As the notch (or a notch of a ity of notches) of the first count wheel comes
into alignment with one of the intermediate wheel teeth, the notch s with the tooth
and rotates the intermediate wheel by a predetermined increment which is preferably
substantially less than a full on of the ediate wheel. In preferred embodiments
the intermediate wheel comprises a le number of teeth for engagement with the notch
of the first count wheel, for example it is particularly preferred for the intermediate wheel
to comprise four evenly spaced teeth. Of course the arrangement of the intermediate wheel
and first count wheel could be the opposite of the above, i.e. the teeth may be present on
the first count wheel and the notch form part of the intermediate wheel or the like.
Preferably the intermediate wheel further comprises a second set of evenly spaced
teeth, preferably four thereof, interspersed with the teeth for engagement with the first
count wheel. The second set of evenly spaced teeth are configured for engagement with
notches between teeth of the second count wheel, which is fully engaged with the
intermediate wheel and is rotated thereby every time the intermediate wheel is rotated. In
preferred embodiments, the second count wheel engages with each and every tooth of the
intermediate wheel. Thus the first count wheel rotates the intermediate wheel only when
the wheels engage, which is preferably every 10th increment of the first count wheel, but
the intermediate wheel rotates the second count wheel on every ental rotation of the
intermediate wheel. In this manner a single digit count can be implemented by the first
count wheel (which could therefore be referred to as a ‘units’ wheel) and a count every
tenth increment of the first count wheel can be effected by the second count wheel (which
could therefore be referred to as the ‘tens’ wheel).
The interactions and engagement between the wheels of the dose counting
mechanism can be achieved in any suitable manner. Preferably the wheels are aligned
ve to each other on suitably configured on axes. In a particularly preferred
embodiment, the dose counting mechanism comprises a counter chassis, having a first and
The counter chassis is configured to receive, and preferably guide motion of, the ating
member. For example, protruding tabs on at least one or more preferably two opposed edges of the
ating member are received in suitably ured channels of the counter chassis, thus
enabling linear movement of the translating member as the tabs run in the channels, but preventing
the translating member being pulled away from the counter chassis. Preferably the translating
member further comprises a guiding slot, which runs substantially parallel to the direction of linear
motion of the ating member when moving in the ng/resetting direction. Preferably the
counter s further comprises a guiding protrusion that fits into the guiding slot and allows the
translating member to move linearly but prevents movement laterally.
Preferably the guiding sion is integrally formed with a protruding component of the counter
chassis, for example the guiding protrusion is preferably and extension of one of the first or second
axes of the counter chassis. Thus reliable linear and undeviating motion of the translating member is
provided.
The chassis pawl is configured to enable the count wheels to rotate freely in the desired
direction but to prevent backwards
rotation of at least the first count wheel. This ensures that as the count of the counter is
decremented (in ments where the number of remaining doses is displayed by the
dose counting mechanism) it is not possible for the wheel to be rotated in the other
direction, i.e. for the count to be incremented. This might otherwise occur during resetting
of the ng mechanism for the next count, for example as the translating member and
integrally formed pawl move back into the initial position (i.e. move in the resetting
direction), or may occur accidentally, for example if the r receives an impact from
being dropped or the like. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first count wheel
comprises a plurality of counter-rotation teeth, each tooth preferably having a convex back
surface. As the first count wheel rotates during counting, the pawl is deflected along the
convex back surface of a counter-rotation tooth and the wheel is able to rotate in a first,
forward direction. However the counter-rotation teeth r comprise an angular portion
into which the chassis pawl head is received (e. g. snaps into after the pawl elastically
returns to its undeflected position) after a unit count has been achieved. If there is
subsequently any bias to rotate the first count wheel in a second, backward direction,
abutment of the pawl head against the inner surface of the angular portion prevents
movement of the first count wheel in this direction. In particularly preferred embodiments
the angular portion and pawl head are configured such that bias to rotate the first count
wheel in the backward direction increases the engagement between the pawl head and the
angular portion. For example the pawl head and angular portion are ably configured
such that when ng and pushed together, the pawl flexes inwardly towards the r
portion.
As discussed above, the second count wheel is arranged to rotate when the
ediate wheel, with which it engages, rotates. In preferred embodiments, the second
count wheel comprises a plurality of annularly spaced teeth about an outer periphery
thereof, with notches between the teeth for ing a tooth of the intermediate wheel,
thus effecting ve rotation. In some embodiments the second count wheel has evenly
and regularly spaced teeth around the entire outer periphery. However in particularly
preferred embodiments there is provided a portion of the outer periphery of the second
count wheel in which there are no teeth and corresponding notches or recesses present. In
this manner, when the second count wheel has rotated relative to the ediate wheel
such that the portion with no teeth aligns with a tooth of the intermediate wheel, the
intermediate wheel can no longer effect rotation of the second count wheel (since the
rotating teeth of the intermediate wheel have no recesses to engage or teeth to push
t). Thus subsequent rotation of the intermediate wheel has no effect at all on the
second count wheel and this wheel is effectively permanently immobilised. This is
ularly advantageous when the second count wheel has been incremented down to the
last count. Thus an end of life indicating mechanism is provided as the user will see that
filrther actuations of the inhaler are not counted by the counter.
In preferred embodiments, the translating member further comprises at least one
protrusion, which protrudes from a face of the translating member toward the first count
wheel and is configured to engage at least a portion of the first count wheel in n
configurations and to prevent over-rotation of the first count wheel (and thus prevent
overcounting, i.e. the first count wheel turning by more than the desired increment). This
is particularly advantageous because the forces required to dispense a dose of medicament
from the inhaler are relatively large and by associating counting with sing it is
possible that such force may affect the counting mechanism. For example, in a preferred
embodiment, nt of the dispensing mechanism on actuation is ed by a force of
approximately 50 N, from a ssed spring or the like. Preferably a component of the
dispensing mechanism that moves as the dose is dispensed pushes, pulls or otherwise
actuates the translating member in its linear dispensing direction. The large spring force
may cause the tranlating member to be pushed rapidly in the dispensing direction, typically
at a velocity of about 4 ms'l. The first count wheel, being rotated by the translating pawl
moving at such a high ty, could freely spin or at least would likely rotate beyond the
d increment, thus overcounting the dispensed dose. Preferably, therefore, the
overcount preventing protrusion of the translating member comprises a linear protrusion
for engagement with a plurality of spaced ribs protruding from an outer face of the first
count wheel. As the translating member moves linearly and causes the first count wheel to
rotate, the first overcount preventing protrusion also moves linearly (at the same speed as
the pawl) and becomes located between a first (leading) rib and a second (following) rib of
WO 38170
the first count wheel. The ribs and protrusion are configured such that the protrusion abuts
the second wing) rib as the first count wheel reaches the end of its desired increment.
The first overcount preventing protrusion thus blocks the first count wheel from rotating
any further and thus prevents the first count wheel ng beyond one dose. As the
ating member returns to its initial position (i.e. moves ly in the resetting
direction), the first overcount ting protrusion also moves linearly back to its initial
position and is withdrawn from abutment with the rib of the first count wheel, thus freeing
the count wheel to turn again on the next actuation.
Preferably the translating member further or alternatively comprises a further
protrusion which protrudes from the same face of the translating member (toward the first
count wheel) as the overcount preventing protrusion. The fiarther protrusion prevents
counting when the counter is in the rest position and this rest count preventing protrusion is
configured to engage at least a portion of the first count wheel when the counting
mechanism is at rest. The rest count preventing protrusion is preferably configured to
engage the same ribs of the first count wheel as the overcount preventing sion, but
only when the ating member is in its initial, rest position (i.e. before the translating
member has begun its motion in the counting direction, whereas the overcount preventing
protrusion engages the ribs of the first count wheel after the translating member has
completed its motion in the counting ion). The rest count preventing protrusion is
preferably also a linear protrusion like the overcount preventing protrusion.
As discussed above, the dose counting mechanism comprises a counter and is
preferably configured to display, inter alia, the number of doses of medicament remaining
in the inhaler, or the number of doses of medicament that have been dispensed from the
inhaler, etc. In preferred embodiments, the dose counting mechanism is ntially
contained within the inhaler such that it is not ible to the patient and cannot be
removed from the inhaler. This prevents the dose counting mechanism being removed or
otherwise tampered with and ensures that the count or other display of the dose counting
mechanism is reliable and is directly associated with the amount of medicament in the
inhaler.
r it is of course essential that at least the display of the dose ng
mechanism is visible to the t. Preferably the dose ng mechanism is contained
within the inhaler, preferably behind a front fascia thereof, but the fascia comprises an
aperture or window h which the display of the dose counting mechanism is visible.
The aperture is preferably suitably sized and shaped that the display of the dose counting
mechanism is clearly visible, but is not so large that the dose counting mechanism can be
accessed or removed through the aperture.
Although the display of the dose counting mechanism is visible to the patient
through the re in the above embodiments, it is particularly preferred that the patient
cannot directly access or touch the display. Furthermore it is also preferable for the display
to be covered to prevent ingress of foreign matter such as dirt or the like, which might
interfere with operation of the dose counting mechanism and for safety ingress of foreign
particles through the aperture and to other inhaler components should also be minimised.
Therefore in particularly preferred embodiments of the t invention, there is
provided a cover or window, comprising a substantially transparent material, between the
dose counting mechanism and the aperture. The window may comprise means for forming
an air and/or moisture tight seal with the aperture, however this is not essential and it is
only necessary for the window to provide a barrier to ingress of foreign particles into the
dose ng mechanism. The window may be a separately provided component, or it
may be integrally formed with the . Preferably, however, the window comprises a
component of the dose counting mechanism and more preferably, the window is integrally
formed with a component of the dose counting mechanism, preferably with the counter
chassis. The counter chassis is thus preferably entirely formed of a suitable transparent
plastic, such as an amorphous copolymer like Eastman Tritan TXZOOl. The window may
ore comprise the portion of the counter chassis that lines up with the fascia re
and may not be a distinct part of the counter chassis. Preferably, however, the window,
though integrally formed with the counter chassis, is also a ically configured part of
the counter s. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the window is curved and
protrudes from the counter chassis and ably is suitably configured to y the
display of the dose counting mechanism. Preferably the window is fithher configured such
that, although the display is magnified by the , the display is not significantly
distorted. Such an arrangement is advantageously provided by a window having a level of
magnification that is greater in one dimension than in a second, substantially perpendicular
dimension. For example, if the window is rectangular and is wider (when the inhaler is
held upright and in a position in which the display is intended to be read) than it is tall,
preferably the cation across the width of the window (i.e. in the x direction) is
lower than the magnification across the height of the window (i.e. in the y direction). In
preferred embodiments, the cation in the x direction magnifies the size of the
display by between about 0 and 30%, preferably between about 5 and 20%, more
preferably is about 10%, and the magnification in the y direction magnifies the size of the
display by between about 0 and 50%, preferably between about 10 and 30%, more
preferably is about 20% and in any event is greater than the magnification in the x
direction. This is preferably the case even for non rectangular (e.g. substantially square)
s. In a ularly preferred embodiment, the magnification in the x direction
magnifies the size of the y by about 10% and in the y direction by about 20%. Such
arrangements provide a window that very effectively allows sufficient light into the display
to enable any digits or a, etc., to be clearly visible, and also magnifies the digits
effectively but without cant distortion f, particularly sideways distortion (i.e.
in the x direction which has a lower magnification). Such a window enhances the
readability of the display considerably compared with either a flat window or a window
with the same level of magnification along both axes.
The above dose ng mechanism and window for displaying the display of the
counter of the dose counting mechanism provides an inhaler display that is significantly
improved compared with known inhaler displays. Accordingly, from a further broad
aspect of the present invention, there is ed an r for delivery of a medicament
by inhalation, the inhaler comprising:
a dispensing mechanism configured, on actuation, to dispense a dose of
medicament,
14 (followed by 14A)
the window comprises a magnifying outer surface for iying the indicia of the
counter, the magnification in a first dimension being greater than the magnification in an second
dimension that is substantially perpendicular to the first dimension;
wherein the dose counting mechanism comprises a first count wheel, a second count
wheel and an intermediate count wheel d with the second count wheel and in selective
engagement with the first count wheel;
wherein the dose counting mechanism further ses a counter chassis which
comprises a chassis pawl that is configured to enable the wheels of the dose counting mechanism
to rotate in a first, counting direction but to prevent rotation of at least the first count wheel in an
opposite, backwards direction.
14 A wed by 15)
In particularly preferred ments, the inhaler r comprises a resetting
member configured for movement between a first position and a second position on
application of a resetting force, and the sing mechanism sing a loading
member. The inhaler preferably filrther comprises a prevention mechanism comprising at
least a first engaging member and a second engaging member, the first ng member
configured to engage in a mating configuration with the second engaging , wherein
when movement of the resetting member in the first direction is reversed before the
resetting member s the second position, the first and second engaging members
engage and hold the load of the loading member, thereby preventing actuation of the
dispensing mechanism, until the resetting member is moved again in the first direction. At
least one of the first and second engaging members is configured to resiliently flex, under
load, into abutment with a substantially rigid component of the inhaler.
Thus there is provided an improved inhaler for dispensing one or more doses of
medicament to a patient, that will not dispense a subsequent dose until the dispensing
mechanism of the inhaler is fillly reset. Such an arrangement provides an inhaler capable
of dispensing a more le and consistent dose of medicament, as the dispensing
mechanism will not fire until fillly reset, which is the optimum initial state for dose
dispensing. rmore, if ion of the dispensing ism is prevented until the
mechanism is fully reset, activation of the dose counting mechanism is optimised as the
dispensing ism is red to adjust the counter of the dose counting mechanism
on actuation from a fully reset state. This reduces or eliminates the risk that the dispensing
mechanism could fire and dispense a dose from a partially reset configuration whilst not
adjusting the counter of the dose counting mechanism. Thus by ensuring the dispensing
mechanism is fully reset before enabling a further medicament dose to be sed,
activation of the dose counting mechanism should also be reliably performed and the
counter should accurately reflect the number of actual doses dispensed from (or remaining
in) the inhaler.
Preferably the inhaler filrther comprises a canister containing a medicament, the
medicament preferably comprising at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and
preferably also a propellant. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the medicament
comprises at least a first active ceutical ingredient and a second active
pharmaceutical ingredient and a propellant. Preferably the medicament comprises a
combination of a first active pharmaceutical ingredient and a second active pharmaceutical
ingredient of the specific active ingredients listed in (i) to (xxi) herein below. In other
red embodiments, the medicament comprises two or more of the specific active
ingredients listed in (i) to (xxi) herein below. In preferred embodiments, particularly with
such combinations of APIs, the medicament also comprises a propellant, preferably HFA
227 (l,l,l,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane) or HFA 134a (l,l,l,2,-tetrafluoroethane) or any
other suitable propellant.
Preferably the loading member ses a mechanism for applying compressive
force to another component of the inhaler. In preferred embodiments in which the inhaler
comprises a canister containing a medicament, the loading member ably applies a
ssive force to the canister. Preferably the compressive force compresses the
canister against a retaining member that holds a nozzle of a metering valve of the canister
in place (e. g. a nozzle block or a component of a mouthpiece of the inhaler). Compression
of the canister opens the metering valve and causes a dose of medicament to be dispensed
through the nozzle into the mouthpiece for inhalation by a patient.
In preferred embodiments, the loading member comprises a spring. In a
compressed state, the spring stores a force that is at least ent to compress a canister
against its valve nozzle and thus to dispense a metered dose of the medicament stored in
the canister and preferably is also ent to e the dose counting mechanism.
Typically for a pMDI the force d to the canister by the loading member is in the
order of about 50 N. Alternatively the loading member comprises any suitable means for
ssing a canister, such as a ssed air mechanism or the like.
Preferably the dispensing mechanism comprises a able locking arrangement
for locking the sing mechanism, for example by restraining the load of the loading
member, until it is desired to actuate the dispensing mechanism, e.g., by releasing the
g member to compress a canister of the inhaler to dispense a dose of medicament.
The releasable locking arrangement may have any suitable configuration for locking the
dispensing mechanism that is releasable to enable a dose of medicament to be dispensed.
In particularly preferred embodiments, the releasable locking arrangement
comprises a latch mechanism, preferably comprising a drop link for holding a lock member
in position, the lock member in turn locking a lever arm in place. The lever arm is biased
for rotation by the loading member (e.g. a compressed spring in the loaded configuration)
but is held t rotation by the lock . Movement of the drop link releases the
lock member which in turn releases the lever arm to , thereby allowing the loading
member to unload (e.g. the spring to expand) and to compress a canister to dispense a dose
of medicament.
In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, on actuation of the
inhaler, the sing mechanism moves the translating member in a substantially linear
ion, y the pawl rotates the first count wheel. The dispensing mechanism
preferably comprises a component that engages with the translating member, at least in
certain configurations, and movement of the ent of the dispensing mechanism
during actuation uently moves the translating member. In embodiments comprising
a able locking arrangement, the component of the sing mechanism that moves
the translating member is preferably an integral part of the lever. Thus a multifianction
lever is provided and the counting of a dose is directly related to the mechanism for
dispensing a dose of medicament. Preferably the lever comprises an ng protrusion,
or more preferably a pair of engaging protrusions that engage with one or more notches on
a back face of the translating member. As the lever pivots, the engaging protrusion(s) push
downwards on the inner surface(s) of the notch(es) and thereby push the ating
member linearly downwards to effect actuation of the counting mechanism.
In embodiments of the invention sing a releasable locking arrangement, the
drop link preferably moves in response to actuation by a user of the inhaler. Actuation of
the inhaler may be by manual means, for example by means of an actuation member such
as a button or lever, or the r may be breath actuated. Particularly preferred inhalers
in accordance with the present invention comprise both breath actuation means and manual
actuation means so that a patient can choose how to actuate the inhaler (or can, for
example, test the inhaler by dispensing a dose to ensure it is properly functioning, or can
manually prime the inhaler for example after periods where the inhaler has not been used,
or after it has been dropped, etc.). Preferably the manual actuation means acts directly on a
the component of the breath ion means that moves in response to patient inhalation
(e.g. the manual actuation means acts directly on a vane of the breath actuation means,
preferably the manual ion means pushes the vane and simulates patient inhalation).
In a particularly red embodiment of the present invention, the inhaler
ses a drop link for holding a lock member in position, the lock member in turn
g a lever arm in place as discussed above. The drop link is preferably retained in the
locking position by a breath-triggered member, preferably a vane that pivots in response to
a pressure drop within the inhaler airflow passage, such pressure drop occurring as a
patient s through a mouthpiece of the inhaler. Thus the releasable locking
arrangement holds the load of a loading member, e.g. a compressed , until a patient
inhales through the mouthpiece to cause the releasable locking arrangement to release the
load of the spring thereby compressing a canister of the inhaler to dispense a dose of
medicament.
Further details of a breath actuated inhaler arrangement are described in
W02008/082359 and such an ement is compatible with the inhaler of ments
of the t invention.
As discussed above, the inhaler preferably comprises a resetting member. The
resetting member resets the inhaler after it has been used, by reloading the loading member
of the dispensing mechanism, thus enabling the dispensing mechanism to be actuated again
and a further dose to be dispensed.
Preferably the resetting member comprises a manually actuatable component of
the r. This enables a user of the r to reset the dispensing mechanism after a
dose has been dispensed, arming the inhaler for dispensing further doses as required. In
particularly red embodiments, the resetting member comprises a rotatable member of
the inhaler, preferably a cap of the inhaler which also s to cover and protect a
mouthpiece of the inhaler when in a closed position. Such an arrangement is particularly
advantageous because it encourages a patient to close the inhaler cap immediately after
use, thus priming the device and resetting it to its preferred rest configuration, as well as
protecting the mouthpiece from ingress of dirt or dust, etc. Alternatively or preferably
additionally, the cap also prevents actuation of the inhaler when in the closed position, thus
preventing accidental actuation of the inhaler. Preferably the cap holds or otherwise
prevents movement of certain components of the inhaler and prevents breath and/or
manual actuation of the inhaler until it is opened, preferably by abutment with the
components.
In particularly preferred embodiments, the resetting member comprises a cap that
pivots about an axis between a first position and a second position. Pivoting of the cap
about its axis is effected by a patient applying a resetting force to rotate the cap. In the first
position, the cap is rotated away from the mouthpiece leaving it free for a patient to insert
into their mouth for inhalation. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cap is locked
into the first, open position, for example by a snap fit or friction fit between a portion of
the cap and a portion of the inhaler when in the open position. The snap fit or on fit is
red to be sufficient to hold the cap in the desired open position, but is also
sufficiently weak so that it can be y overcome, and the cap displaced, by a typical
user of the inhaler.
Applying a resetting force to the resetting member moves the resetting member
from a first position to a second on. Preferably, in the embodiment where the
resetting member ses a cap, in the second position the cap covers, and preferably in
co-operation with the inhaler body and other components, fiJlly encloses a mouthpiece of
the inhaler, y protecting the iece when the inhaler is not in use.
The resetting member is configured to move in a first direction from a first
position to a second position and to load the loading member as it moves in the first
direction. Preferably, in the ment where the resetting member comprises a cap,
rotation of the cap causes translational movement of a component of the dispensing
mechanism, preferably a yoke substantially aligned along a main axis of the inhaler body.
The translation movement of the component, for example the yoke, acts to compress the
loading member and thus to load the loading member and reset the sing ism.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cap rotates and pushes upwards on a
yoke that sses a spring against a top portion of the inhaler, thus loading the
dispensing mechanism. Preferably a releasable g arrangement is armed when the
2012/052240
cap has substantially fully rotated (and the yoke has translated the d amount and thus
compressed the spring to the d load) to lock the dispensing mechanism until the
patient next actuates the inhaler to dispense a dose of medicament. Preferably the cap
when in the closed position prevents rd movement of the yoke and thereby helps to
prevent the inhaler from being actuated when the cap is closed.
As discussed above, the resetting member of the inhaler is configured for
movement between a first position and a second position on ation of a resetting
force, the movement from the first position to the second position loading the loading
member and resetting the dispensing mechanism. In any position between the first and
second positions, i.e. in an ediate position, the dispensing mechanism may only be
partially reset, which may adversely affect the next dispensed dose and/or cause
inaccuracies in the dose count of the counter, if the r is actuated from the
ediate position. For example, in the ediate position, if the canister is not fully
ed from compression by the load of the loading member, the valve of the canister
may not refill sufficiently or at all and any subsequent dose may be of a lower dose weight
than desired.
Still filrther, in preferred embodiments, for example inhalers comprising a
releasable locking arrangement, in the intermediate position the able locking
arrangement may not be fully engaged and thus unable to hold the load of the loading
member. If the patient releases the resetting member when in the ediate position
(i.e. before the dispensing mechanism is fully reset), the releasable locking arrangement
may be ineffective and any load applied to the loading member may be released to
compress the canister again. This may cause a full or a low dose of medicament to be
released, but the dose may not be registered by the dose counting mechanism if the r
was not reset beyond a on at which the counting mechanism is reset for further
counting. In other words, if the inhaler is only partially reset, it may not be far enough to
enable resetting of the dose counting mechanism, thereby allowing a dose (albeit possibly
not a fill weight dose) to be dispensed but not counted.
Therefore in preferred embodiments of the present invention, the inhaler
comprises a prevention mechanism for preventing actuation of the dispensing mechanism
in certain configurations. In particular, the prevention mechanism prevents actuation of the
dispensing ism when the resetting member has been moved from the first position
but has not fillly reached the second position, i.e. is in an intermediate position
therebetween. The prevention mechanism comprises at least a first ng member and
a second engaging member, the first engaging member configured to engage in a mating
configuration with the second engaging member. The engaging members are configured to
mutually engage if, during nt of the resetting member from the first position to the
second position, movement is ceased and possibly reversed before the resetting member
reaches the second on (i.e. if the user stops moving the ing member in the first
ion before it is fillly reset, and possibly the resetting member begins to move in the
opposite, second direction).
The engaging members may engage indirectly with each other, i.e. via an
intermediate component, but preferably the first engaging member directly engages with
the second engaging member. After engagement, the engaging members hold the load of
the loading member and at least one of the engaging members is configured to flex under
this load and move into abutment with r, more rigid component of the inhaler. Thus
the load that would otherwise be entirely absorbed by the engaging s is at least
partially absorbed by the more rigid component of the inhaler against which at least one of
the engaging members abuts. This is advantageous because the engaging members must
be sufficiently flexible to permit engagement and disengagement and are relatively small
components in order to ensure the inhaler weight and size is minimised. Absorbing the
approximately 50 N force of a spring substantially entirely through the ment
members could cause the members to deform or break. Indeed, plastic creep has been
observed in members formed of plastics that are typically used for such members.
r in the embodiments of the t invention, a significant proportion of the load
is ed in the compressive contact between at least one of the engaging members and
the more rigid inhaler component, which latter component is better suited and configured
to withstand such forces with ntially no detrimental impact on the component.
The engaging members are configured to engage with each other readily when
movement in the first direction of the resetting member is reversed. Preferably the
ng members are filrther configured to disengage with each other readily when
movement in the first direction of the resetting member is initiated again (for example by
the user moving the resetting member fiarther onward to the second position to reset the
dispensing mechanism and to fully load the loading member). In particularly red
ments comprising a releasable locking arrangement, the able locking
arrangement is configured to engage and hold the load of the loading member when the
inhaler is fillly reset, i.e. when the resetting member has reached the second position. Prior
to the resetting member reaching the second position, the tion mechanism is
configured to age and hold the load of the loading member every time the direction
of motion of the resetting member is reversed from the first direction, and to again
disengage as motion in the first direction is d.
The first and second engaging members may be of any suitable configuration for
mutually engaging and holding a load. Preferably one of the first engaging member and
the second ng member comprises a female engaging portion and the respective other
of the first engaging member and the second ng member comprises a male engaging
portion. In a preferred embodiment, the female engaging portion comprises a slot, notch or
other recess for receiving a male engaging portion comprising a protrusion, hammer head,
tooth or the like.
In another preferred embodiment, the first engaging member and the second
engaging member each comprise a hook portion configured to engage with the hook
portion of the respective other of the first engaging member and the second engaging
member. Thus when d, the hook portions mutually co-operate to hold at least a
proportion of the load of the loading member when under tension (i.e. when loaded).
Other configurations of the engaging members are possible, for example a hook and eye
configuration, a ball and socket ement or the like. Such male/female or hook
arrangements are also readily disengagable as required when the load is relieved from the
engaging members such that they are no longer pulled against each other, i.e. are no longer
held under tension.
The first engaging member and the second engaging member are configured to
engage in at least one mating configuration. For example in embodiments where the first
engaging member comprises a first hook portion and the second engaging member
comprises a second hook portion the mating configuration comprises engagement of the
first hook portion with the second hook portion. In some ments however, the first
engaging member and the second ng member are configured to engage in a plurality
of mating configurations. For example the first engaging member preferably ses at
least two hook portions, preferably spaced apart along a length of the first engaging
member. In this configuration, the first hook portion of the first engaging member can
engage with the second hook portion of the second engaging member at a first intermediate
position of the resetting member, or the second hook n of the first engaging member
can engage with the second hook portion of the second engaging member if the ing
member is at a second intermediate position (e.g. is further ed towards the second
on but still has not reached this end position). Such a ratchet arrangement provides
multiple positions of engagement of the engaging members enabling a greater number of
intermediate positions of the resetting member to be accounted for if necessary.
Preferably the first and second engaging members engage in any suitable manner
and in a particularly red embodiment, the first and second engaging members flex or
snap into engagement.
As discussed above, at least one of the first and second engaging s is
configured to resiliently flex, under load, into abutment with a substantially rigid
component of the inhaler. In the preferred embodiment where one of the engaging
members comprises a hook or hammer head, preferably at least this head portion of the
engaging member is deflected as the member flexes and abuts another component of the
r. In this arrangement, although the head portion is partially under a tensile force
across a er dimension, it is through compression of the head portion against the
rigid component of the inhaler that much of the force is relieved, and this occurs through a
wider dimensioned (and stronger) part of the head. Thus not only is a significant
proportion of the force relieved from the weaker part of the engaging member, it is also
absorbed by another component which can be red to be stronger and more suitable
for absorbing forces. Thus material creep, deformation and damage is substantially
minimised or prevented and an improved arrangement is provided compared with, for
e, the prior art blocking mechanisms discussed above.
The at least one of the first and second engaging members that is configured to
resiliently flex, under load, into abutment with a substantially rigid component of the
inhaler is also configured such that, when the load is removed from the engaging member,
it flexes back into substantially its al configuration. Namely the engaging member is
elastic in this regard and does not cally or ently deform to any significant
extent.
As discussed above, the first and second engaging s engage in a mating
configuration and at least one deflects into abutment with r component of the
inhaler, to hold the load of the loading , when motion of the resetting member is
reversed from the first direction. Preferably the first engaging member is disengaged from
the second engaging member in all other configurations of the inhaler. In particular, when
the resetting member is in the first position (for example in embodiments where the
resetting member comprises a mouthpiece cap, when the cap is open to expose the
mouthpiece) and the inhaler has not yet been fired (i.e. the inhaler is in the prefire or armed
configuration) the first engaging member is spaced apart from the second ng
member such that they cannot engage. Preferably when the resetting member is in the
second position (for example in embodiments where the resetting member comprises a
mouthpiece cap, when the cap is closed and covering the mouthpiece) the first engaging
member is spaced apart from the second engaging member such that they cannot engage.
Preferably when the resetting member is in the intermediate position and is in motion in
the first direction (i.e. when the patient is in the process of resetting the dispensing
mechanism) the first engaging member does not engage with the second ng member
because they are spaced apart, relatively deflected or are otherwise incapable of
engagement. This ensures that the engaging members do not engage (and therefore do not
hold the load) in any configuration where this would be undesirable, for example when
dispensing a dose or when properly resetting the dispensing mechanism. Thus the
prevention mechanism does not interrupt proper and d operation of the inhaler but
2012/052240
only engages when undesired operation occurs, such as reverse movement of the resetting
member before the inhaler is completely reset.
The engaging s of the prevention mechanism may be brought into mutual
engagement and/or separated from mutual engagement by any suitable means. For
example the engaging members may be moved in a linear direction towards each other for
engagement and away from each other for disengagement, or by translation in any other
direction, or by rotation of one or more of the engaging members, etc. Preferably, in
configurations where the first engaging member may need to translate, rotate or otherwise
move entirely past the second engaging member, at least one of the engaging members is
configured to be able relative to the other, as discussed below.
In preferred embodiments at least one of the engaging members of the prevention
mechanism is formed ally with, or is a component of, another component of the
inhaler. Preferably the first ng member is formed integrally with, or is a ent
of a first component of the inhaler, and the second engaging member is formed integrally
with, or is a component of a second component of the inhaler. In particularly preferred
embodiments, the first and second components of the inhaler are separately formed
ents which move ve to each other as part of at least one filnction of the
inhaler. Furthermore, in preferred embodiments the substantially rigid component of the
inhaler into abutment with which at least one of the engaging s moves under load,
is also formed integrally with, or is a component of another component of the inhaler. In
particularly preferred embodiments, the substantially rigid component and the engaging
member which is configured to abut the substantially rigid component are integrally
formed with, or ent parts of, the same component, and ably are both integral
components of a chassis of the inhaler as discussed further below.
In particularly preferred embodiments of the invention, sing a releasable
locking arrangement as discussed above, the first engaging member is preferably formed as
an integral part of a lever of the able locking arrangement. Preferably the lever
moves, preferably in a pivoting motion, as the load of the loading member is ed to
dispense a dose and the integrally formed first engaging member also moves as a
component part of the lever. Preferably the inhaler further comprises a chassis, the chassis
housing many of the components and mechanisms of the inhaler and preferably at least
partially defining an airflow passage through the inhaler from a mouthpiece. ably
the second engaging member is formed as an integral part of the chassis, preferably as an
upstanding member that is in the proximity of the lever and the first engaging member
when the inhaler components are assembled in the chassis. In further embodiments, only
one or the other of the engagement members may be integrally formed as a part of another
ent of the inhaler, with the other of the engagement members being formed as a
separate component. In particularly preferred embodiments, the dose counting mechanism
is configured as a separately provided unit which snap fits into the inhaler chassis in an
appropriate position for actuation by the sing mechanism. Whilst the inhaler may be
configured to receive only a single type of counter, in alternative embodiments, the inhaler
is configured to e a plurality of different types of counters. For e, a single
inhaler may be capable of receiving a mechanical counter or an electronic counter or even
a dummy counter (e.g. a face plate or the like if no counter is required). An inhaler having
interchangeable counter mechanisms may be advantageous for users having ent
requirements of the device.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the prevention mechanism
ses at least one first engaging member and at least one second engaging member,
the engaging members configured to engage with each other in a mating ration. In
preferred embodiments, a plurality of pairs of engaging s is ed, thus
providing a robust prevention mechanism with multiple members for mutual engagement.
In a particularly preferred ment, in which the first engaging member is a component
or an integral part of a lever, there are at least two first engaging members, each of which
engages in a mating configuration with a respective one of at least two second engaging
members, ably that are components or integral parts of a chassis.
The first engaging member of the lever and the second engaging member of the
chassis in embodiments of the present invention have the following relative positions
depending on the ration of the inhaler. When the resetting member is in the second
position (e. g. the cap is closed in embodiments having a mouthpiece cap), the first
engaging member overlaps with, but is preferably displaced away from the second
WO 38170
engaging member so that they are not in a mating configuration. To use the inhaler, a
patient moves the resetting member s the first position (e.g. opens the cap). In
preferred embodiments wherein the dispensing mechanism comprises a yoke, the cap is
configured to release the yoke when opened. The yoke moves downwards slightly under
the load of the loading member (a compressed spring in red embodiments), until the
releasable g mechanism is fully engaged. The rd yoke movement pivots the
lever. Thus the first engaging member moves towards the second engaging member but
ably still does not engage the second engaging member. When the patient inhales, or
otherwise actuates the inhaler to dispense a dose of medicament, the releasable locking
mechanism releases the dispensing mechanism and the load in the loading member is freed
and compresses a canister of the inhaler, preferably via the yoke which is pushed
downwards onto the canister base. The yoke rotates the lever and at least the engaging
portion of the first engaging member must pass beyond the engaging portion of the second
engaging member without the two engaging portions mating. In preferred embodiments, at
least one of the first engaging member and the second engaging member is configured to
be sufficiently flexible such that at least the engaging portion of the e engaging
member can deflect or otherwise flex away from the other engaging member to allow the
engaging members to pass without mating. In some embodiments, both engaging s
are flexible and may mutually deflect each other. In any of these embodiments, the shape
of the engaging portion of one or both of the first and second engaging members may be
configured to aid deflection. For e, in preferred embodiments, at least one of the
ng portions comprises a sloped deflecting edge to aid deflection of the other of the
engaging portions. At least one of the engaging portions preferably additionally or
atively comprises a flat portion to aid deflection and relative travel past of the other
of the ng ns. In a preferred ment, the flexible member is biased to pass
down one side of the other engaging portion (during firing) and is deflected to run up the
other side of the other engaging portion upon return.
Thus the prevention mechanism allows (i.e. does not interfere with) operation of
the inhaler in the desired manner. Namely the first and second engaging members do not
engage in the mating configuration during opening of the inhaler cap or during dispensing
of a dose of medicament. Rather the first and second engaging members are configured to
deflect to allow translational movement in a first direct, hereinafter referred to as the
dispensing ion, during sing of a dose of ment.
After a dose is dispensed, the dispensing mechanism of the inhaler must be fully
reset in order to ensure the next dispensed dose is of the correct volume and dose weight
and is accurately and reliably counted by the dose counting mechanism. In preferred
embodiments, resetting of the dispensing mechanism is achieved by applying a ing
force to rotate the mouthpiece cap, thus pushing upwards on the yoke and reloading the
spring. When the spring is fially loaded, which is when the cap is fiJlly closed (i.e. moved
to the second position) the dispensing mechanism is prevented from being actuated, either
by the lever of the releasable locking ement being locked or by the closed cap
ting downward nt of the yoke, or a combination of these. However when
the cap is not fully closed, this is not the case and it is possible the dispensing mechanism
could at least partially re-fire. To prevent this, the prevention mechanism is configured to
engage as required in such intermediate positions. Namely, as the cap is initially moved
away from the first (open) position and the yoke begins to move in the opposite direction
to the dispensing direction, hereinafter referred to as the resetting direction, the lever
rotates and the first engaging member moves towards the second engaging member to a
position where it is capable of engagement in a mating configuration therewith. In
preferred embodiments, at least one of the ng portions of the first or second
ng members is configured to be deflected during relative oning of the ng
members.
If the cap is not fully closed whilst the engaging members are in this configuration
and instead begins to move in the opening direction, then the yoke moves back in the
dispensing direction thus rotating the lever and engaging the engaging members in the
mating configuration. The mutually engaged engaging members are pulled under the
spring load which attempts to pull the engaging members apart and causes the at least one
of the first and second engaging members that is configured to resiliently flex under load,
to flex and move into the position where it abuts a substantially rigid component of the
inhaler. This rigid and strong arrangement is easily e of holding the load of the
loading member without cantly ing or otherwise ng the engaging
members or g plastic creep of the components even through repeated engagements.
In this manner the engaging members are configured not to allow movement in
the dispensing direction until movement of the ing member is continued and
completed, and the first engaging member is fully displaced back to the reset position of
the lever. In preferred embodiments, the first ng member is moved to a
non-engaging position relative to the second engaging member by deflecting one relative
to the other and thus out of the possible mating configuration. At the end of the resetting
operation, i.e. when the lever reaches a position in which the releasable locking
arrangement will lock the lever in place and/or the when the fully closed cap locks the
yoke, the first and second engaging members will be at rest and cannot engage
Other rations are possible but the basic principle of the interactions
between the engagement s remains the same.
Thus a reliable and improved mechanism is provided for ensuring that the
dispensing mechanism, which controls dispensing of doses of ment and counting
thereof, is fully reset after each dose is sed, thus ensuring reliable dosing and
counting of the doses. In the event that the dispensing mechanism is only partially reset,
the tion mechanism engages to prevent the sing force of the loading member
from dispensing a further, low weight and potentially uncounted dose, until the mechanism
is fully reset. The prevention ism allows motion of the component parts of the
inhaler during dispensing in the dispensing direction but prevents motion in the dispensing
direction once engaged until the engagement is overridden by fully completing the
resetting operation. The first and second engaging members of the prevention mechanism
mutually engage and remain under tension and compression against a rigid component of
the inhaler to hold the dispensing mechanism and to prevent further movement in the
dispensing direction. Once the tension is released, the first and second engaging members
may be displaced upon fillly resetting the dispensing mechanism or may re-engage if the
dispensing mechanism is still not fillly reset. This is in contrast to the prior art system
disclosed in W02004/04l334 for example, which discloses a ng mechanism in a
manually actuatable inhaler where the components that block movement are held under a
direct compressive force, as shown in figure 20. The compressive force arrangement may
be less reliable and resilient as the components may be difficult to configure such that they
are strong enough to resist material creep and deformation over time and use, but flexible
enough to reliably engage and disengage with repeated uses and over a long period of time.
It should be noted that in this application the relative terms such as “upper”,
“lower”, “above”, “below”, “upright”, etc., have been used for explanatory purposes to
describe the internal relationship between ts of the inhaler, regardless of how the
inhaler is oriented in the surrounding environment. rmore references to ctions
between components of the inhaler in this application, such as “abutting”, “applying”,
“compressing”, etc., are intended to cover direct and indirect interactions (indirect
ctions being those with one or more other components between the interacting
components and direct interactions being those where the interacting components are in
direct contact with no ening components).
The medicament in the r may contain various active ients. The active
ingredient may be selected from any therapeutic or diagnostic agent. For example, the
active ingredient may be an lergic, a bronchodilator (e.g. a beta2-adrenoceptor
agonist or a muscarinic antagonist), a bronchoconstrictor, a pulmonary lung surfactant, an
analgesic, an antibiotic, a mast cell inhibitor, an antihistamine, an anti-inflammatory, an
oplastic, an anaesthetic, an ubercular, an imaging agent, a cardiovascular agent,
an enzyme, a steroid, genetic al, a viral , an antisense agent, a n, a
peptide, a non-steroidal glucocorticoid Receptor (GR Receptor) agonist, an antioxidant, a
chemokine antagonist (e.g. a CCR1 antagonist), a corticosteroid, a CRTh2 antagonist, a
DPl antagonist, an Histone Deacetylase Inducer, an IKK2 inhibitor, a COX inhibitor, a
lipoxygenase inhibitor, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, an MP0 inhibitor, a p38
inhibitor, a PDE inhibitor, a PPARy agonist, a protease inhibitor, a statin, a thromboxane
antagonist, a vasodilator, an ENAC blocker (Epithelial Sodium-channel blocker) and
combinations thereof.
Examples of specific active ingredients that can be incorporated in the inhaler
include:
(i) antioxidants:- Allopurinol, Erdosteine, Mannitol, N-acetyl cysteine choline
ester, N—acetyl cysteine ethyl ester, N—Acetylcysteine, N—Acetylcysteine amide
and Niacin;
(ii) chemokine antagonists:- BX471 ((2R)[[2-[(aminocarbonyl)amino]
chlorophenoxy]acetyl][(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]methylpiperazine
monohydrochloride), CCX634, N- {2-[((2S)-3 - {[l-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin
yl] amino} hydroxymethylpropyl)oxy]hydroxyphenyl} acetamide (see
), and 2- oro {[(2S)(5-chloro- l 'H,3H-spiro[ l -
benzofuran-2,4'-piperidin] - l '-yl)hydroxypropyl]oxy}
ylamino)carbonyl]phenoxy} methylpropanoic acid (see WO
2008/010765), 656933 (N—(2-bromophenyl)-N'-(4-cyano-lH-l,2,3-
benzotriazolyl)urea), 766994 ({[(2R)—4-(3,4-
dichlorobenzyl)morpholinyl]methyl} carbonyl] -
amino}methyl)benzamide), CCX-282, CCX-915, Cyanovirin N, E-92l, INCB-
, INCB-947l, MaraViroc, MLN—3701, 97, T-487 (N-{l-[3-(4-
ethoxyphenyl)—4-oxo-3 ,4-dihydropyrido [2,3 -d]pyrimidinyl] ethyl} -N-
(pyridin-3 -ylmethyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetamide) and VicriViroc
(iii) Corticosteroids: metasone dipropionate, Amelometasone,
Beclomethasone dipropionate, Budesonide, Butixocort propionate, Ciclesonide,
Clobetasol propionate, Desisobutyrylciclesonide, Etiprednol dicloacetate,
Fluocinolone acetonide, Fluticasone Furoate, Fluticasone propionate,
Loteprednol etabonate (topical) and Mometasone e.
(iV) DPl antagonists:- L888839 and MK0525;
(V) Histone deacetylase inducers:- ADC4022, Aminophylline, a Methylxanthine or
Theophylline;
(Vi) IKK2 inhibitors:- 2-{[2-(2-Methylamino-pyrimidinyl)-lH-indole-S-
carbonyl]-amino} (phenyl-pyridinyl-amino)-propionic acid;
(Vii) COX inhibitors:- Celecoxib, Diclofenac sodium, ac, Ibuprofen,
Indomethacin, Meloxicam, Nimesulide, , , 0C2184, OC499,
OCD9101, Parecoxib sodium, Piceatannol, Piroxicam, Rofecoxib and
Valdecoxib;
(viii) Lipoxygenase inhibitors:- Ajulemic acid, elone, Darbufelone mesilate,
Dexibuprofen lysine (monohydrate), Etalocib , Licofelone, Linazolast,
Lonapalene, Masoprocol, MN-001 ZD-
, lin, UCB-35440, Veliflapon,
2138, ZD-4007 and Zileuton 1-(1-Benzo[b]thienylethyl)
hydroxyurea);
(ix) Leukotriene receptor antagonists:- Ablukast, Iralukast (CGP 45715A),
Montelukast, Montelukast sodium, Ontazolast, Pranlukast, Pranlukast hydrate
(mono Na salt), Verlukast (MK-679) and Zafirlukast;
(x) MPO Inhibitors:- Hydroxamic acid derivative (N-(4-chloromethyl-phenyl)-
4-phenyl[[(4-propanylphenyl)sulfonylamino]methyl]piperidine
carboxamide), Piceatannol and Resveratrol;
(xi) Beta2-adrenoceptor agonists:- metaproterenol, isoproterenol, isoprenaline,
albuterol, salbutamol (e.g. as sulphate), erol (e.g. as fumarate),
salmeterol (e. g. as xinafoate), terbutaline, orciprenaline, bitolterol (e.g. as
te), pirbuterol, indacaterol, salmeterol (e.g. as xinafoate), bambuterol
(e. g. as hydrochloride), carmoterol, indacaterol (CAS no 3127533; QAB-
149), formanilide derivatives e.g. 3-(4-{[6-({(2R)—2-[3-(formylamino)
hydroxyphenyl]hydroxyethyl} amino)hexyl]oxy} -butyl)-
benzenesulfonamide; 3-(4- {[6-( {(2R)hydroxy[4-hydroxy(hydroxy-
methyl)phenyl]ethyl} amino)-hexyl]oxy}butyl)benzenesulfonamide; GSK
159797, GSK , GSK 597901, GSK 642444, GSK 678007; and a
compound selected from N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N—(2-{[2-(4-hydroxy
oxo-2,3-dihydro- 1 ,3 thiazolyl)ethyl]amino} ethyl)-3 -[2-(1-
naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide, Diethylamino)ethyl]-N—(2- { [2-(4-
hydroxyoxo-2,3-dihydro- 1 ,3 -benzothiazolyl)ethyl]amino} ethyl)-3 - [2-(3 -
chlorophenyl)ethoxy]propanamide, 7-[(1R)( {2-[(3- {[2-(2-
Chlorophenyl)ethyl]amino l)thio]ethyl} amino)hydroxyethyl]
hydroxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one, and N—Cyclohexyl-Ns-[2-(3-
fluorophenyl)ethyl]-N—(2- { [2-(4-hydroxyoxo-2,3-dihydro- 1 ,3 -benzothiazol-
7-yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-B-alaninamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof (e. g. n the counter ion is hydrochloride (for example a
drochloride or a dihydrochloride), hydrobromide (for example a
monohydrobromide or a dihydrobromide), filmarate, methanesulphonate,
ethanesulphonate, benzenesulphonate, 2,5-dichlorobenzenesulphonate, ptoluenesulphonate
, napadisylate (naphthalene- l ulfonate or naphthalene- l -
(sulfonic acid)sulfonate), edisylate e-l ,2-disulfonate or ethane-l-
(sulfonic acid)sulfonate), D-mandelate, L-mandelate, cinnamate or
te.)
(xii) Muscarinic antagonists:- Aclidinium bromide, Glycopyrrolate (such as R,R—,
R,S-, S,R-, or S,S-glycopyrronium bromide), pium e, Pirenzepine,
telenzepine, Tiotropium bromide, 3(R)-l-phenethyl(9H-xanthene
yloxy)- l -azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide, (3R)[(2S)
cyclopentylhydroxythienylacetoxy] - l -(2-phenoxyethyl)- l -
azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]actane bromide, a quaternary salt (such as [2-((R)-
Cyclohexyl-hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)-oxazolylmethyl]-dimethyl-(3-phenoxy-
propyl)-ammonium salt, [2-(4-Chloro-benzyloxy)—ethyl]-[2-((R)-cyclohexyl-
hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)-oxazolylmethyl]- dimethyl-ammonium salt and (R)
l- [2-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl] -3 -((S)phenylpiperidin- l -yl-propionyloxy)-
l-azonia-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane salt wherein the counter-ion is, for example,
chloride, bromide, e, methanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate (besylate),
toluenesulfonate (tosylate), napthalenebissulfonate (napadisylate or hemi-
napadisylate), ate, acetate, citrate, lactate, tartrate, mesylate, maleate,
filmarate or succinate)
(xiii) p38 Inhibitors:- 681323, 856553, AMG548 2S)amino
phenylpropyl]amino]—3-methyl(2-naphthalenyl)(4-pyridinyl)-4(3H)-
dinone), Array-797, AZD6703, Doramapimod, KC-706, PH 797804,
R1503, SC-80036, SCIO469, 6-chloro[[(2S,5R)[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-
2,5-domethyl- l -piperazinyl] carbonyl]-N,N, l -trimethyl-oc-oxo- 1H-indole-3 -
acetamide, VX702 and VX745 (5 -(2,6-dichlorophenyl)(phenylthio)-6H-
do [l ,6-b]pyridazinone);
(xiV) PDE Inhibitors:- 256066, Arofylline chlorophenyl)-3,7-dihydro-l-propyl-
lH-Purine-2,6-dione), AWD l2-28l (N—(3,5-dichloropyridinyl)-l-[(4-
fluorophenyl)methyl] hydroxy-0L-oxo- l H-indole-3 -acetamide), BAY l 9-8004
(Bayer), CDC-801 (Calgene), Celgene compound ((BR)—B-(3,4-
dimcthoxyphcny1)- 1 ,3-dihydr00X0-2H-isoindolcpr0panamidc), Cilomilast
(cis—4-cyano[3-(cyclopcntyloxy)—4-rncthoxyphcny1]-cyc10hcxanccarboxy1ic
acid), 2-(3 ,5 -dich10r0pyridiny1)(7-rncth0xyspiro[1,3 -bcnz0di0xolc-2,1'-
cyclopcntan]y1)cthan0nc (CAS number 1854062)), (2-(3,4-
difluorophcnoxy)fluoro-N—[cis—4-[(2-hydroxy
methylbcnzoy1)arnino]cyclohcxyl]-)pyridinccarboxarnidc), (2-(3,4-
difluorophcnoxy)fluoro-N—[cis—4-[[2-hydroxy
(hydroxyrncthyl)bcnzoy1]amino]cyclohcxy1]pyridinccarboxamidc,), CT2820,
16, ast, 1C 485, KP 31334, KW-4490, Lirirnilast ([2-(2,4-
dichlorobcnzoy1)[(rncthylsulfonyl)oxy]bcnzofi1rany1])—urca), (N-
cyclopropyl- 1 ,4-dihydrooxo[3 -(3 -pyridinylcthyny1)phcny1]-)- 1 ,8-
naphthyridinccarb0xarnidc), (N-(3,5-dich10r0pyridiny1)
(difluoromcthoxy)[(rncthylsu1fony1)arnino])dibcnz0furancarboxamidc),
6, ORG 20241 (4-(3,4-dimcthoxyphcnyl)-N-hydr0xy-)—2-
thiazolccarboximidarnidc), PD189659/PD168787 (Parke-Davis), Pcntoxifyllinc
(3 ,7-dihydro-3 ,7-dirncthy1— 1 -(5 -oxohcxy1)—)—1H-purinc-2,6-dionc), compound
(5-flu0r0-N—[4-[(2-hydr0xyrncthy1—bcnzoy1)arnino]cyclohcxy1](thian
y10xy)pyridinccarboxamidc), nilast (3-(cyc10pcnty10xy)—N—(3,5-
dich10r0pyridiny1)rncth0xy-bcnzarnidc), PLX-369 (WO 2006026754),
Roflurnilast (3-(cyc10propy1rncthoxy)—N—(3 h10r0pyridiny1)
(difluororncthoxy)bcnzarnidc), SCH 35 1591 (N—(3,5-dich10ro0Xido
pyridiny1)mcthoxy(trifluororncthyl)quin01inccarboxarnidc),
SchID(TM) CC-10004 (Calgcnc), T-440 (Tanabc), Tctomilast (6-[2-(3,4-
dicthoxyphcny1)thiazolyl]pyridinccarboxy1ic acid), Tofirnilast (9-
cyclopcnty1cthy1-6,9-dihydro(2-thicny1)-5H-pyraz010[3 ,4-c]—1,2,4-
triazolo[4,3-a]pyridinc), TPI 1 100, UCB 101333-3 (N,2-dicyc10propy1—6-
(hexahydro-1H-achiny1)rncthy1—4-pyrirnidinaminc), V-1 1294A (Napp),
VM565 (Vernalis), and Zardavcrinc (difluororncthoxy)
methoxyphcny1]-3(2H)-pyridazinonc).
(XV) PDE5 Inhibitors:- Gamma-glutamyl[s-(2-iod0bcnzy1)cystciny1]glycine,
Tadalafil, afil, sildcnafil, 4-phcny1—mcthy1aminoch10r0(1-
imidaz01y1)-quinaz01inc, 4-phcny1—rncthy1arninoch10r0(3-pyridy1)—
quinazoline, 1 ,3 hyl(2-propoxymethanesulphonylamidophenyl)- 1 ,5 -
dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinone and 1-cyclopentylethyl(3-ethoxy-
4-pyridyl)-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinone;
(xvi) PPARy agonists:- tazone, Pioglitazone hloride, Rosiglitazone
Maleate, Rosiglitazone Maleate ((-)-enantiomer, free base), Rosiglitazone
maleate/Metformin hydrochloride and Tesaglitizar;
(xvii) Protease Inhibitors:- Alphal-antitrypsin proteinase Inhibitor, EPI-HNE4, UT-
77, ZD-0892, DPC-333, Sch-709156 and Doxycycline;
(xviii) Statins:- Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, tatin, Rosuvastatin and Simvastatin
(xix) Thromboxane Antagonists: Ramatroban and Seratrodast;
(xx) lators:- A-306552, entan, Avosentan, EMS-248360, BMS-
346567, BMS-465149, BMS-509701, Bosentan, BSF-302146 (Ambrisentan),
Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide, Daglutril, Darusentan, Fandosentan potassium,
Fasudil, Iloprost, KC-12615 (Daglutril), KC-12792 2AB (Daglutril) ,
Liposomal treprostinil, PS-433540, Sitaxsentan sodium, Sodium Ferulate, TBC-
11241 (Sitaxsentan), TBC-3214 (N—(2-acetyl-4,6-dimethylphenyl)[[(4-
chloromethylisoxazolyl)amino]sulfonyl]thiophenecarboxamide), TBC-
3711, Trapidil, stinil diethanolamine and Treprostinil sodium;
(xxi) ENACs:- Amiloride, Benzamil, Triamterene, 552-02, 84, 69,
PSA23682 and AEROOZ.
The inhaler may contain a combination of two or more active ingredients, for
example a combination of two or more of the specific active ingredients listed in (i) to
(xxi) herein above.
In one ment the inhaler contains an active ingredient selected from
mometasone, ipratropium bromide, tiotropium and salts thereof, salemeterol, fluticasone
propionate, beclomethasone dipropionate, reproterol, clenbuterol, rofleponide and salts,
nedocromil, sodium cromoglycate, flunisolide, budesonide, formoterol fumarate dihydrate,
terbutaline, aline sulphate, salbutamol base and sulphate, fenoterol, 3-[2-(4-Hydroxy-
2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzothiazolyl)ethylamino]-N- [2-[2-(4-
methylphenyl)ethoxy]ethyl]propane-sulphonamide, hydrochloride, indacaterol, aclidinium
e, N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N-(2-{[2-(4-hydroxyoxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-
benzothiazolyl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)[2-(1-naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide or a
WO 38170
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (eg. dihydrobromide); N—Cyclohexyl-N3-[2-(3-
fluorophenyl)ethyl]—N—(2- { [2-(4-hydroxyoxo-2,3-dihydro- l ,3 -benzothiazol
yl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-B-alaninamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g. di-
D-mandelate); a Chloro-benzyloxy)—ethyl]-[2-((R)-cyclohexyl-hydroxy-phenylmethyl
)-oxazolylmethyl]- dimethyl-ammonium salt (e.g. hemi-naphthalene-l,5-
disulfonate); a (R)- l - [2-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl]-3 -((S)phenylpiperidin- l -ylpropionyloxy
)-l-azonia-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane salt (eg. bromide or toluenesulfonate); or a
combination of any two or more thereof.
Specific combinations of active ingredients which may be incorporated in the
inhaler include:-
(a) formoterol (eg. as fumarate) and budesonide;
(b) formoterol (e.g. as fumarate) and sone;
(c) N—[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N—(2- { [2-(4-hydroxyoxo-2,3-dihydro- l ,3 -
benzothiazolyl)ethyl]amino } ethyl)[2-( l -naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g. dihydrobromide) and a Chlorobenzyloxy
)—ethyl]-[2-((R)-cyclohexyl-hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)-oxazolylmethyl]-
yl-ammonium salt (e.g. hemi-naphthalene-l,5-disulfonate);
(d) N—[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-N—(2- { [2-(4-hydroxyoxo-2,3-dihydro- l ,3 -
benzothiazolyl)ethyl]amino } ethyl)[2-( l -naphthyl)ethoxy]propanamide or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt f (e.g. dihydrobromide) and a (R)-l-[2-(4-
Fluoro-phenyl)—ethyl] -3 -((S)phenylpiperidin- l -yl-propionyloxy)— l -azoniabicyclo
]octane salt (e.g. bromide or toluenesulfonate);
(e) N—Cyclohexyl-Ns-[Z-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-N—(2- { [2-(4-hydroxyoxo-2,3 -
dihydro- l ,3-benzothiazolyl)ethyl]amino} ethyl)-B-alaninamide or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (e.g. di-D-mandelate) and [2-(4-Chlorobenzyloxy
l]-[2-((R)-cyclohexyl-hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)-oxazolylmethyl]-
dimethyl-ammonium salt (e.g. hemi-naphthalene-l,5-disulfonate);
N—Cyclohexyl-N3-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-N—(2- { [2-(4-hydroxyoxo-2,3-dihydro- l ,3 -
benzothiazolyl)ethyl]amino}ethyl)-B-alaninamide or a pharmaceutically able salt
thereof (e.g. di-D-mandelate) and a (R)-l-[2-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-ethyl]((S)phenyl
piperidin- l -yl-propionyloxy)- l -azonia-bicyclo [2.2 .2]octane salt (e.g. bromide or
toluenesulfonate).
2012/052240
Brief Description of the Drawings
Preferred aspects and embodiments of the present invention will now be described,
by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure l is a front side perspective view of an inhaler in accordance with the
present invention with the cap closed;
Figure 2 is a schematic side view of some internal components of an inhaler in
accordance with the present invention with the cap closed;
Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the inhaler components of Figure 2 with the
cap open and the dispensing mechanism loaded and ready to dispense a dose;
Figure 4 is a schematic side view of the inhaler components of Figure 2 with the
cap open and the dispensing mechanism unloaded having dispensed a dose;
Figure 5 is an exploded schematic view of the ents of the inhaler of Figure
l, which has the components shown in Figures 2 to 4;
Figure 6 is a schematic side view of the inhaler of Figure 2;
Figure 7 is a schematic side view of the inhaler of Figure 3;
Figure 8 is a schematic side view of the inhaler of Figure 4;
Figure 9 is a perspective front side view of a chassis of an inhaler in accordance
with the t invention;
Figure 10 is a close up view of the top portion of the chassis of Figure 9, showing a
component of the prevention mechanism;
Figure 11 is a perspective side view of a lever of a releasable g arrangement
of an inhaler in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 12 is a perspective front side view of the lever of Figure 11 and a lever lock
of the able locking arrangement;
Figure 13 is a perspective front side view of the lever of Figure 11 in its operating
position in the s of Figure 9;
Figure 14 is a perspective rear side view of the inhaler of Figure l with the back
housing or cover and n other components removed to show the internal components
and the cap in the closed position;
2012/052240
Figure 15 is a perspective rear side view of the r of Figure l with the cap in
the open position and the dispensing mechanism loaded and ready to dispense a dose;
Figure 16 is a perspective rear side view of the inhaler of Figure l with the cap in
the open position and the dispensing mechanism unloaded having sed a dose;
Figure 17 is a perspective rear side view of the r of Figure l with the cap in
the open position and the dispensing mechanism partially reset, with the reset load being
held by the prevention mechanism,
Figure 18 schematically shows the various stages of operation and potential misuse
of a typical breath actuated inhaler,
Figure 19 schematically shows the s stages of operation of a breath actuated
inhaler having a tion mechanism in accordance with the present invention,
Figure 20 is a perspective view of a prevention mechanism in accordance with the
present invention,
Figure 21 shows in perspective the wheels of a dose counting mechanism in
accordance with the present invention,
Figure 22 shows the wheels of Figure 21 located in a counter chassis and having a
ating member enclosing them therein, in accordance with the present invention,
Figure 23 is a perspective view of the ating member of Figure 23,
Figure 24 schematically illustrates the interaction n a dispensing mechanism
and a dose counting mechanism via a translating member, in accordance with the present
invention, and
Figure 25 is a perspective view of a front fascia for an inhaler in accordance with
the present invention.
Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments
Referring now to Figure l, a breath actuated inhaler (BAI) 100, in accordance with
embodiments of the present ion, is shown. The inhaler 100 comprises a housing or
back cover 10, a mouthpiece cover or cap 2 and a front fascia 30 (shown in detail in Figure
) having an aperture 32 through which is visible a counter 201 of a counting mechanism
200. A magnifying protective cover (not shown) fills the aperture 32 and shields the
counting mechanism 200 from ingress of dirt and other rable particulates, whilst
enhancing the visibility and brightness of the counter digits. The fascia 30 preferably has a
line of weakness (not shown) such that, if it is attempted to forcibly remove the fascia 30
and access the internal ents, the line of weakness shows as a ation or change
in the plastic (e.g. colour change or other visible weakness) in the outer surface of the
fascia 30, indicating that the inhaler 100 has been ed with and should not be used.
Figure 2 shows some of the internal components of the inhaler 100, as the back
cover 10 and front fascia 30 has been removed. Figure 6 also illustrates the components of
Figure 2 but in ctive view. In these figures, the inhaler 100 is in the neutral or rest
position with the cap 2 closed and covering the mouthpiece 60, which is the preferred state
of the inhaler 100 when it is not in use. A canister of medicament 20 (which typically
holds a suspension or solution of one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients in a
propellant under pressure) is housed in the inhaler 100. Such ers 20 are well known
in the art.
A yoke 4 is shown in its uppermost position and a coiled spring 6 is shown in a
loaded state, thus g an actuation or dispensing force. Most of the mechanical
ents of the inhaler, except the yoke 4, are unloaded and there is no compression of
the canister 20. The yoke 4 is ted by the cap 2, specifically by a cam surface 3 of a
cam 110 of the cap 2. Thus in the neutral position, the loaded spring force (typically of
about 50 N) is held by the yoke 4, which is typically formed of a material that is resistant
to flexing and buckling (such as polyoxymethylene, e. g. Ultraform® N 2720 (M60)). A
lever 50 and a lever lock 53, both parts of a releasable locking arrangement, are each in
their locked ons, although may not be under tension. A further component of the
releasable locking arrangement is a drop link 55, which is shown in its latched position
whereby it rests upon a pivot shaft 58 of a breath-actuated element, vane 57, thus able to
hold the lever lock 53 in its locked position. A return spring 210 abuts the inner surface of
the back cover 10 when the inhaler 100 is assembled, to bias the releasable locking
arrangement into the locked position so that it will lock when under tension or load.
A manual firing button 48 is provided and enables the user to deliver a dose of
medicament as an ncy function if, for any reason, the usual dispensing mechanism
2012/052240
fails, or if the user otherwise cannot breath actuate the dispensing mechanism to deliver a
dose of medicament, for example, during a chronic asthma attack. atively the button
48 can be used to test and/or prime the inhaler 100, or simply as an alternative firing
mechanism if desired.
Most of the mechanical components of the r 100 are retained in a chassis 40,
which is not shown in Figure 2 but is shown in later figures (such as Figure 9). Most of the
components of the dispensing mechanism are d on, engaged with, or supported by
the chassis 40.
Figure 3 illustrates the inhaler 100 when it is ready to be used/fired. Figure 7 also
illustrates the components of Figure 3 but in perspective view. The cap 2 is opened to
uncover a mouthpiece 60. As the cap 2 pivots on opening, the yoke 4 moves downwardly
under the force of the spring 6 to engage the base of the canister 20. However compression
of the canister 20 to deliver a dose of medicament is substantially prevented by the
able locking arrangement which becomes engaged as the yoke moves and holds the
load of the spring 6, the lever lock 53 holding the lever 50. In this primed or dispensing
state, the inhaler 100 is loaded, ready to fire and deliver a dose of medicament.
Inhalation by the user at the mouthpiece 60 causes air to flow through the air flow path
defined inside inhaler 100. Due to the pressure drop created by the air flow (or use of the
firing button 48 if manual actuation occurs), the vane 57 pivots and es the drop link
55. The vane 57 is red to be of a suitable size and shape such that it is able to move
under a relatively low pressure drop, and the inhalation channel is configured to be curved
at least where it corresponds with the a bottom edge of the vane 57, such that the gap
between the edge of the vane 57 and the channel remains substantially the same as the vane
57 rotates under inhalation. Movement of the drop link 55 allows the lever lock 53 to
release the lever 50, which is biased into its released position by the load of the spring 6
acting on the yoke 4 which pushes on the yoke protrusions 82 of the lever 50. The lever 50
in its unlocked state allows the coiled spring 6 to unload and to compress the canister 20 to
deliver a dose of medicament. The dispensing mechanism also triggers an adjustment of
the counter 201 of the ng mechanism 200 via a translating member 250 as discussed
below and shown in Figure 24.
Figure 4 illustrates the components of the inhaler 100 after a dose of ment
has been dispensed. Figure 8 also illustrates the components of Figure 4 but in perspective
view. In order to be able to dispense a fiarther dose of medicament, the inhaler 100 must be
fillly reset from the Figure 4 configuration to the dispensing state shown in Figure 3. Fully
resetting the inhaler 100 allows the metering valve 21 (see Figure 5) of the canister 20 to
refill with medicament. It also causes the lever 50 to return to a position where it can be
locked by the lever lock 53, which is pushed back into its locking position by the spring
210. The drop link 55 is also pushed back into place by the spring, thus readying the
releasable locking arrangement to again lock the dispensing mechanism and t
actuation until the r is fired.
Resetting of the r 100 is achieved by closing the cap 2 so that the cam surface
3 pushes the yoke 4 upwards, which in turn pivots the lever 50, etc., and s the inhaler
100 to the state shown in Figure 3. Further details of the resetting mechanism are
discussed below, in particular in relation to the prevention mechanism to prevent the
inhaler 100 being only partially reset.
Figure 5 is an exploded view of a typical inhaler 100, such as one in accordance
with embodiments of the present invention. The component parts are shown in the
unassembled state. The ng mechanism 200 is shown separately but is insertable into
the chassis 40 such that at least the display of the counter 201 of the counting mechanism
200 is visible through an aperture 32 in the fascia 30. A magnifying window formed
ally with the chassis of the ng ism 200 aligns with the aperture 32 as
discussed in more detail below.
Figures 9 and 10 show a chassis 40 in accordance with embodiments of the present
invention. The chassis 40 comprises an injection moulded ymethylene copolymer,
such as Hostaform MTl2U03, although other le materials and/or manufacturing
techniques can be used to form a chassis 40 suitable for use in embodiments of the present
invention. The chassis 40 is a primary structural component of the exemplified inhalers
100 and defines many of the pivot points of the inhaler mechanisms and also defines the
position ofmany the other components of the inhaler lOO.
In the embodiment shown in s 9 and 10, the chassis 40 also defines one of
the components of a prevention mechanism 70. As most clearly shown in Figure 10, the
chassis comprises an integrally formed second ng member 74. The second engaging
member 74 projects generally upwards when the chassis 40 is d in the inhaler 100
and the inhaler 100 is held in an upright on. The second engaging member 74 is
sufficiently flexible such that it can be deflected out of the plane of the chassis side (i.e. in
direction A as shown in Figure 20 and also in a direction substantially directly opposite to
A). At the upper end of the second engaging member 74 there is provided an engaging
portion 75, which is a hooked-shaped portion having a protruding tooth or hammer head.
The tooth is configured for engagement in a mating ration with an engaging portion
73 of a first engaging member 72, which is shown in Figures ll to 13. The tooth 75 is
angled to aid in locating and retaining the tooth 75 in the engaging portion 73 of the first
engaging member 72. The second engaging member 74 is also ently flexible such
that it can be deflected generally towards the chassis (i.e. in direction B as shown in Figure
20) such that the tooth 75 is brought into abutment with the chassis 40. As well as being
sufficiently flexible to be able in this ways described above, the second engaging
member 74 is also ently resilient such that it will reliably return to its initial position
once the deflecting force(s) is removed. gh only one second engaging member 74 is
visible on the chassis 40 of s 9 and 10, there is provided a further second engaging
member 74 of the same configuration but on the opposite side of the chassis 40, which is
not visible in these figures.
Figure ll shows a lever 50 for the inhalers 100 shown in the figures. The lever 50
is a generally symmetrical component that is held in a pivotable configuration by the
chassis 40. Chassis protrusions 80 (only one of which is shown in Figure ll) are provided
for engagement with the chassis 40 when the inhaler 100 is led (as shown in Figure
13). In use, e. g., when dispensing a dose of medicament, the lever 50 pivots about these
chassis protrusions 80. The lever 50 also comprises two yoke protrusions 82 (only one of
which is shown in Figure ll) which engage with the yoke 4 when the inhaler 100 is
assembled such that movement of the yoke 4 (e.g. under the force of the spring 6 or when
resetting the inhaler 100 using the cap 2) is translated to the lever 50 and pivots the lever
50 about the s protrusions 80.
Lever 50 further comprises a pair of counter protrusions 92 for engaging and
actuating the counting mechanism 200 via a translating member 250 as discussed below.
The counter protrusions 92 are curved such that, if the lever 50 rotates too far, the counter
protrusions can disengage from the ating member 250 of the counting mechanism
200 to avoid overcounting or damage that may be caused to the translating member 250 by
over rotation of the lever 50. Lever 50 also comprises an ng protrusion 52 that is
configured to rest against a portion of a lever lock 53 when the inhaler 100 is in its rest
state (as shown in Figures 2, 6 and 12).
Lever 50 further comprises a pair of first ng members 72 that protrude from
the lever 50, each having a respective engaging portion 73 (only one shown in Figure ll)
generally at an end thereof. The ng portions 73 are shaped to receive a tooth of the
respective engaging portions 75 of the second engaging members 74 of the chassis 40.
When the engaging portions 75 of the second engaging s are received in the
engaging portions 73 of the first ng members 72 any tensile force pulls the engaging
members 72, 74 filrther into a mating configuration and ts the ng members
72, 74 being pulled apart. This arrangement locks the lever 50 against rotation about the
chassis protrusions 80 even if the yoke 4 acts on the lever 50 via the yoke sions 82
and attempts to move it.
Operation of the inhaler 100 will now be described with a focus on the role of the
prevention mechanism 70. Figures 14 to 17 show the inhaler 100 at different stages of
operation. In Figure 14, the inhaler 100 is in the neutral or rest state, which is the preferred
state for storing the inhaler 100 between uses. The prevention mechanism 70 comprises a
pair of first engaging members 72 integrally formed with the lever 50 (of which only one is
shown in Figure 14) and a pair of first engaging members 74 integrally formed with the
chassis 40 (of which only one is shown in Figure 14 and for clarity, the rest of the chassis
40 has been removed, including the portions against which the engaging ns 75 of the
second engaging s 74 abut when the engaging portions are engaged in the mating
configuration and are under load). In the rest state, the engaging portion 75 of the second
engaging member 74 sits above and separate from the engaging portion 73 of the first
engaging member 72. Furthermore the engaging portion 75 is not in contact with the
substantially rigid component of the inhaler 100, which in the shown inhaler is another part
of the chassis 40.
When a patient wishes to inhale a dose of medicament, the first operation step is to
open the mouthpiece cap 2 to expose the mouthpiece 60, as shown in Figure 15. The cap
2 is pivotally mounted on the chassis 40 and has a cam 110 at the pivot point. Pivotal
movement of the cap 2 from the second or closed position to the first or open position
allows the yoke 4 to move downwards, under the force applied by the coiled spring 6. As
the yoke 4 moves downwards the load of the ssed spring 6 transfers from the yoke
4 (which rests on the cam surface 3, when the cap 2 is fiJlly closed), to being held by the
releasable locking arrangement, as the cap 2 is opened. Specifically as the cap 2 opens, the
lever 50 rotates and the lever abutting protrusion 52 contacts with, and is locked by, the
lever lock 53 which is held by the drop link 55 that rests on the pivot shaft 58 of the vane
57 to hold the load of the spring 6. This can be seen in Figure 15, as when the cap 2 is
fiJlly opened, there is space between the foot of the yoke 4 and the cam surface 3 of the cap
2. Although, as the load is transferred to the releasable locking arrangement the lever 50
pivots slightly about the chassis protrusions 80 as the yoke 4 moves downwards, any such
nt of the lever 50 will be l and will not engage or otherwise affect the
prevention mechanism 70, as can be seen in the close-up view of Figure 15.
After opening the cap 2 of the inhaler 100, thus priming it such that a dose is ready
to be dispensed (known as the prefire point or condition), the patient inhales through the
iece 60. The pressure drop in the airflow passage through the inhaler 100 es
the releasable locking mechanism. Specifically the pressure drop causes the vane 57 to
pivot about its axis 58 generally towards the mouthpiece 60, which allows the drop link 55
to disengage from the top surface of the vane, thus allowing the lever lock 53 to be pushed
away by the lever ng protrusion 52, which frees the lever 50 to pivot on the chassis
protrusions 80 under the force of the expanding spring 6 (which acts on the yoke 4 which
in turn acts on the lever 50 via the yoke protrusions 82). The rd movement of the
yoke 4 under the full force of the compressed spring 6 sses the valve stem 24 of the
er 20 against a nozzle block 62 of the inhaler 100 (in this embodiment, the nozzle
block 62 is an integral part of the mouthpiece 60 but it could be a separately provided
component or formed with another component of the inhaler 100). Compression of the
valve stem 24 activates the metering valve and ses a dose of ment under
pressure into the tion airflow and through the mouthpiece 60 to be inhaled by the
patient.
Figure 16 shows the inhaler 100 after this sequence has occurred, i.e. in the fired or
dispensed state, where a dose of medicament has been sed and the inhaler 100 has
not been reset. The yoke 4 has been deployed under the load of the spring 6 and has
moved downward back toward t with the cam surface 3 of the cap. The lever 50 has
pivoted relative to the chassis 40 such that the counter engaging portion 92 has moved
downwards and actuated the counting mechanism 200 and the first engaging member 72
has moved upwards. In Figure 16, the vane 57 has returned to its rest position because the
patient has stopped inhaling. However the other components of the releasable locking
arrangement cannot return to the rest or neutral position as the abutting sion 52 of the
lever 50 is still pushing upwards on the lever lock 53 due to the on of the lever 50.
As mentioned above, as the lever 50 pivoted about the chassis protrusions 80, the
end of the lever 50 having the first ng member 72 (or members as can be seen in the
Figure 16 close up) moved upwards. As can be seen in Figure 16, in the dispensed state,
the engaging portion 73 of the first engaging member 72 has travelled such a distance that
it has travelled past the engaging portion 75 of the second engaging member 74 and has
d above and spaced away therefrom. Clearly it is undesirable for the engaging
portions 73, 75 of the engaging members 72, 74 to engage in a mating configuration during
dispensing of a dose of medicament. Therefore the engaging portions 73, 75 are
configured such that if the first ng member portion 73 moves upwards from a
position below the second engaging member portion 75, then as the engaging portions 73,
75 come into contact, one or both of the engaging portions 73, 75 is ed by the other
of the engaging portions 73, 75 such that they pass each other without engaging in the
mating configuration. In the present embodiment, the engaging portions 75 of the second
engaging members 74 (i.e. those formed on the chassis 40) are deflected inwardly (i.e. are
squeezed ly towards each other) by the more rigid engaging ns 73 of the first
engaging members 72 (i.e. those formed on the lever 50).
After inhaling a dose of medicament, the patient is encouraged to reset the inhaler
100 by the configuration of the device, since it is not possible to dispense further doses
until it has been fully reset. This not only ensures that the r 100 is returned to its
preferred rest state (in which it is configured to hold the load of the spring 6 through the
yoke 4, which is a relatively strong component of the r 100 and is designed to hold
such a load reliably and without damage thereto) but also that the mouthpiece 60 is
covered straight after use, thus preventing or sing ingress of dirt and other undesired
particles or contaminants into the inhaler 100. To reset the inhaler 100, the patient only
needs to pivot the cap 2 back from the first (open) position to the second (closed) position.
The cam 110 of the cap 2 is engaged with the yoke 4 and as the cap 2 rotates, the cam
surface 3, which is helically shaped, helps push the yoke 4 upwards, thus reloading the
spring 6 and moving the other components, particularly those of the releasable locking
arrangement, back into the rest state.
However, it is possible that the patient might not fully reset the inhaler lOO, i.e.
may not move the cap 2 all the way from the first, open position to the second, closed
position. This may be because, for example, the patient is distracted during the resetting
motion and es the cap 2, or the patient may lose their grip on the cap 2, or it may be
that the patient plays with the cap 2 and repeatedly move it partially in and out of the open
position, without ever fully g the cap 2. This is undesirable as it might lead to the
inhaler 100 not fiJlly fianctioning when the next dose is dispensed, for example because the
ng valve does not fillly refill, or insufficient load is stored in the spring 6 to fillly
activate the valve. Still filrther, the r 100 may not be reset to the point at which the
counting mechanism 200 is reset, which means that any dose dispensed subsequently, even
if not a filll dose, will not be counted and the counter 201 may ore inaccurately
reflect the number of doses of the inhaler 100.
The prevention mechanism 70 is configured to solve all the above problems. If the
cap 2 is not fully moved from the open position to the closed position, i.e. if the patient
stops rotating the cap 2 when it is in some intermediate position and the spring force would
therefore bias the yoke 4 to rotate the cap 2 back into the open position, the prevention
mechanism 70 engages to hold the load of the spring 6 until the cap 2 completes its
movement to the fully closed position, in which the inhaler 100 is fillly reset. Thus the
yoke 4 is not biased by the spring 6 as the prevention mechanism prevents such biasing.
As can be seen in Figure 17, the engaging portions 73, 75 are configured such that if the
second engaging member portion 75 moves upwards from a position below the first
engaging member portion 73, then as the engaging portions 73, 75 come into contact they
are capable of engaging in the mating ration, should rotation of the cap 2 to the
closing position cease. In the t embodiment, in order to optimise the mating
engagement, ng portions 73, 75 are red such that as they initially come into
contact, one or both of the engaging portions 73, 75 is deflected by the other of the
engaging portions 73, 75 such that the deflected engaging n(s) snap into the mating
configuration. In the present embodiment, the ng portions 75 of the second
engaging members 74 (i.e. those formed on the chassis 40) are again deflected, but this
time outwardly (i.e. are deflected slightly away from each other) by the more rigid
engaging portions 73 of the first engaging members 72 (i.e. those formed on the lever 50).
Once the engaging portions 75 have passed beyond a certain point, they deflect back
inwards (as the material from which they are formed is relatively resilient) and snap or slot
into the engaging portions 73 of the first engaging s 72, which are sized and
shaped to snugly receive the teeth of the engaging portions 75 of the second engaging
members 74. This configuration can be seen in Figure 17. Once engaged in the mating
configuration, should the cap 2 cease to move and/or move in the opposite direction (i.e.
move back towards the first, open position) the load of the spring 6 is held (Via the lever
50) by the first engaging members 72 which are pulled in their engaged state against the
second engaging members 74. As the second engaging members 74 are flexible, the
engaging portions 75 f are deflected under this tension generally in direction B (as
shown in Figure 20) and abut a more rigid part of the chassis 40. The tensile load placed
on the ng members 72, 74 in this manner does not disengage the mated engaging
portions 73, 75, but rather they are driven together in the mating configuration and by
Virtue of the abutment with the chassis 40, the force of the spring 6 is readily withstood by
a mixture of tension between the first and second engaging members 72, 74 and
compression of the engaging portions 75 of the second engaging members 74 against the
more rigid portion of the chassis 40. Thus the first and second engaging members 72, 74
are strong and reliable and will not suffer significant material creep nor permanent damage
or deflection.
When the cap 2 s its motion towards the second, closed position however,
the force through the second engaging members 74 is relieved and they return to their rest
position (i.e. no longer abut the chassis 40) and the ng members 72, 74 are
effectively pushed together or compressed by the resumed movement of the lever 50. The
engaging members 72, 74 are configured such that a ssive force or motion readily
disengages the mated engaging portions 73, 75 (in this ment, by the more rigid
engaging portions 73 of the lever 50 again deflecting the chassis engaging ns 75
outwardly). The cap 2 can then progress to the fillly closed state and the inhaler 100 will
be fully reset thus providing an inhaler 100 that will reliably dispense and count any
fiarther doses of medicament.
Although the above disclosed embodiments of the present invention have first and
second engaging members 72, 74 integrally formed with the lever 50 and the chassis 40
respectively, this is an exemplary arrangement and is not limiting to the scope of the
present invention. ative arrangements are envisaged, for example one or both of the
engaging members 72, 74 may be separately formed components and/or one or both of the
engaging members 72, 74 may be integrally formed with one or more other components of
the inhaler 100. The more rigid component of the inhaler 100 t which the first
and/or second engaging members 72, 74 abuts may be a component of the chassis 40 as
discussed above, but may alternatively or additionally be any other suitable component.
Figures 18 and 19 tically rate the above operation of an r 100 in
accordance with the present invention, with nce to the various trigger points in the
operating cycle. Under normal use, starting from the inhaler 100 rest or neutral position
(cap closed), the cap 2 must be opened which, as shown under normal operation (closest to
the left axis in both ) moves the inhaler 100 in the dispensing direction through the
following steps, in order: (i) the yoke 4 contacts the canister 20 (assuming it does not rest
in a ted state); (ii) the mechanism reaches the prefire point, where the inhaler 100 is
primed and ready to fire (but is prevented from doing so by the releasable locking
ement. Thereafter, when the inhaler 100 is actuated/fired, the inhaler 100 operates in
a dispensing direction through the second part of the cycle in which: (iii) the mechanism
compresses the canister past the valve firing point (fire point), at which a dose of
medicament is dispensed; (iv) the mechanism passes the ng point at which the
counting mechanism 200 is actuated and a dose is counted by the r 201; and finally
(v) the mechanism reaches the end of stroke (final rest/dispensed) position. Steps (iii) and
(iv) typically occur in the above order although step (iv) can occur before step (iii). In
inhalers in which a dose is automatically d as the inhaler fires, it is essential that
every dose is counted and that the r never counts when a dose is not sed. To
achieve this, ideally the fire point and counting point should be as close together as
possible to minimise the potential for one to be reached without then reaching the other
(i.e. steps (iii) and (iv) occur as close together as possible, no matter in which order they
occur). Furthermore, to ensure a filll dose of medicament is always sed, such an
inhaler must be fully reset, at least past the prefire point and preferably past the BAI reset
point before a subsequent dose is dispensed. Resetting occurs when the inhaler 100 moves
in the resetting direction through the following steps, in order: (i) the mechanism passes
the valve 21 reset point (i.e. the refill point, which is the position that, when the r 100
is reset by rotation of the cap 2 in the resetting direction, the mechanism must reach for the
valve 21 of the canister 20 to begin to refill; (ii) the mechanism passes the counter 201
reset point (i.e. the position that, when the r 100 is reset by on of the cap 2 in
the resetting direction, the mechanism must reach to be ready to subsequently count
another dispensed dose); (iii) the mechanism passes the inhaler 100 reset point (i.e. the
BAI reset which is the position that, when the inhaler 100 is being reset by rotation of the
cap 2 in the resetting direction, the mechanism must reach to be fully reset and ready to
subsequently actuate/refire).
As shown in Figure 18, if the device is not fully reset (i.e. does not reach the BAI
reset due to, e.g., incomplete cap closure (such as interrupted cap closure or cap
tampering)), it is still possible for the inhaler to dispense at least a partial further dose that
may be counted as a whole dose. In the upted cap closure example, the cap 2 ceases
movement when the inhaler 100 has passed the refill point, so the valve 21 begins to fill
with medicament, but before the counter reset point is reached. Therefore if the inhaler
100 refires, er dose has filled the valve 21 is released (at the fire , but is not
counted (although the inhaler 100 passes back h the count point, the counter has not
been reset so no count occurs). Thus the inhaler 100 undercounts. In the cap tampering
example, the inhaler 100 passes beyond the counter reset point, but does not reach the BAI
reset. In the dispensing direction, cap 2 movement is reversed after the fire point but
before the counting point (even though they are close together), so a dose is dispensed but
not counted as the count point is not reached. Thus the inhaler 100 undercounts. The
inhalers of Figure 18 are not in accordance with the present invention as there is no
mechanism to prevent actuation (or at least tion of the inhaler 100 reaching the
fire/count point) when the inhaler has not been fully reset.
Figure 19, however, shows operation of an inhaler 100 in accordance with the
present invention, having a prevention ism as previously described. As is shown in
the figure, normal operation does not differ from the Figure 18 examples. However, when
cap 2 closure is interrupted or the cap 2 is tampered with before the inhaler 100 is reset to
at least the BAI reset point, the prevention mechanism engages and prevents movement in
the dispensing mechanism beyond a blocked point (shown as the horizontal red line). The
blocked point is before the inhaler 100 can reach the fire or ng point. Thus the
dispensing mechanism does not dispense nor the r count as the inhaler 100 cannot
reach the fire point or ng point, until the cap 2 is closed and the inhaler 100 reset at
least to the BAI reset point.
Figures 21 to 23 show the main components of the dose counting mechanism 200.
In Figure 21, the first count wheel 220, the second count wheel 230 and the intermediate
wheel 240 are shown. Both a front face 222 and a back surface 224 of the first count
wheel 220 are shown in Figures 21(c) and 21 (d) respectively. Front face 222 of the first
count wheel 220 has numbers printed annularly thereon (not shown) from 0 to 9 which,
when the first count wheel 220 is aligned on the first axis 260 of a counter s 202 (see
Figure 22) are concentric with, and aligned inside of, annularly printed numbers 1 to 12
(not shown) on a front face 232 of the second count wheel 230. The first (or units) count
wheel 220 has rly spaced teeth 226 arranged on the back surface 224, which are
configured such that the notches therebetween receive a pawl 252 of the translating
member 250. nt of the translating member 250 in the counting direction C (Figure
22) thus engages between the teeth 226 and rotates the unit count wheel 220 such that the
number shown in the display window 280 of the dose counting mechanism 200 is
decremented (for example from 9 to 8). However further rotation of the units count wheel
220 (e.g. such that digit 8 passes the window 280) is prevented by an overcount ting
protrusion 253 of the translating member 250. This overcount preventing sion 253 is
a linear protrusion which protrudes from the face of the translating member 250 towards
the back surface 224 of the units count wheel 220. The overcount preventing sion
253 is shaped and positioned on the translating member 250 such that it is capable of
abuting one of a plurality of spaced apart ribs 228 arranged annularly around the outer part
of the units count wheel 220 back surface 224. The overcount preventing sion 253
slides into a position where it becomes located between a first (leading) rib 228 and a
second (following) rib 228 of the units count wheel 220 as the translating member 250
moves linearly in the counting direction C (at the same speed as the pawl 252 of the
translating member 25 0). The ribs 228 and the overcount preventing protrusion 253 are
configured such that the protrusion 253 abuts the second (following) rib 228 as the units
count wheel 220 reaches the end of its desired ent. The overcount preventing
protrusion 253 thus blocks the units count wheel 220 from rotating any fiarther. As the
translating member 250 returns to its initial position (i.e. moves linearly in a direction
te the counting direction C), the unt preventing protrusion 253 also moves
linearly back to its initial position and is withdrawn from abutment with the rib 228 of the
units count wheel 220, thus freeing the wheel 220 to turn again on the next actuation.
The translating member 250 further comprises a rest count preventing protrusion
(not shown) which also protrudes from the same face of the ating member 250 as the
overcount preventing protrusion 253. The rest count preventing protrusion prevents
rotation of the units count wheel 220 when the counting mechanism 200 is in the rest
on by engaging one of the plurality of ribs 228 of the units count wheel 220. Thus
the rest count preventing protrusion and the overcount preventing protrusion 253 are
somewhat complementary. The rest count preventing protrusion is also a linear protrusion
and is similar in configuration to the overcount preventing sion 253.
The units count wheel 220 further comprises a pincer 221 which is configured to
engage with the intermediate wheel 240 once per full rotation of the units count wheel 220
(i.e. after the units count wheel 220 has displayed digits 9 through to 0 in the display
window 280). The pincer 22l rotates into position and engages with a long tooth 242 of
the intermediate wheel 240. As the units count wheel 220 continues to rotate, the
intermediate wheel 240 rotates as well, about axis 270 of the counter s 202 on which
it is rotatably located. As the pincer 22l rotates still filrther, it disengages with the long
tooth 242 of the intermediate wheel 240 and the intermediate wheel stops rotating until the
pincer has rotated another full rotation and reengages therewith.
Rotation of the intermediate wheel 240 effects rotation of the second (or tens)
count wheel 230, as the intermediate wheel 240 is engaged with the tens count wheel 230
Via the interaction of tens count wheel teeth 234 and intermediate count wheel long teeth
242 and also short teeth 244. The interaction and relative positions of the wheels 220, 230
and 240 can be seen in Figure 22. Thus tens count wheel 230 is selectively rotated one
increment for every ten ents of the units count wheel 220, Via intermediate wheel
240, and the counter display counts down the digits from 120, which can be seen by a
patient through the display window 280 which is d in the aperture 32 of the front
fascia 30 (see Figure 25). As the count of the display ches and reaches zero, a flag
236, which protrudes inwardly from the tens count wheel 230, is brought into registration
and occludes the display window 280. The flag is coloured red 236 and tes to the
patient that the inhaler has no doses of medicament remaining. Although the units wheel
220 may continue to rotate, the digits yed thereon cannot be seen through the flag
236 and there is no confilsion for the patient since it remains clear that no doses are
remaining. To prevent the flag 236 rotating away from the display window 280, the tens
count wheel 230 is red such that a set of the teeth 234 are g fiom the wheel
230 at a position 233 that coincides with the flag 236 ing the window 280.
Therefore, even if the intermediate wheel 240 rotates, there are no teeth 234 of the tens
count wheel 230 to engage with the teeth 242, 244 of the intermediate wheel 240 and the
flag 236 will remain in the window 280.
Figure 23 shows the ating member 250 of the dose ng mechanism 200.
A slot 254 is ed for receiving a protrusion (not shown) from the first axis 260 on
which the tens and units count wheels 220, 230 are located. The slot 254 guides the
translating member 250 as it moves in the counting direction C and back in the opposite
direction and ensures reliable linear motion thereof. The linear movement of the
translating member 250 is also aided by pairs of tabs 258 on either lateral edge thereof,
which are received in channels 204 of the counter chassis 202. The tabs 258 hold the
translating member 250 securely in place in the counter chassis 202 and abutting the
relevant parts of the dose counting mechanism 200, whilst allowing the translating member
250 to move in the counting direction (and the opposite direction to reset the r) by
sliding in the channels 204.
The translating member 250 further comprises notches 256 for receiving a
component of the inhaler sing mechanism, in this embodiment the protrusions 92 of
the lever 50 as shown in Figure 24. As the lever 50 rotates during dispensing of a dose of
medicament, the protrusions 92 engage and push the translating member 250 downwards
via notches 256, thus ing the dose counting ism 200 and counting a dose.
The protrusions 92 and notches 256 are suitably configured such that they will engage and
disengage at appropriate points in the sing/counting cycle and will not force the dose
counting mechanism 200 to overcount. In particular, the s 256 and protrusions 92
are curved to enable disengagement if needed as the dose counting mechanism 200 is reset.
Figure 25 shows a front fascia 30 of the inhaler 100 of the present embodiment.
An aperture 32 is located where the fascia 30 covers the dose counting mechanism 200 so
that the display window 280 is visible. Although not shown, the window 280 comprises a
transparent c (amorphous copolymer like Eastman Tritan TX2001) component of the
counter chassis 202 and is curved on its outer face in both the x direction and the y
direction and protrudes from the counter chassis 202 into the aperture 32. The window 280
has a level of magnification that is greater in the y ion (i.e. across the height of the
window 280) than it is in the x direction (.e. across the width of the window 280). Thus
although the display is magnified by the window 280, the display is not significantly
distorted, particularly in the width dimension which is advantageous for reading digits.
The window 280 of the t embodiment has a magnification in the x direction that
magnifies the size of the display by about 10%, and a magnification in the y direction that
magnifies the size of the display by about 20%.
Claims (11)
1. An inhaler for ry of a medicament by inhalation, the r comprising: a dose counting ism comprising a r and a translating , the translating member comprising a pawl and the counter comprising a first count wheel, a second count wheel and an intermediate wheel engaged with the second count wheel and in selective engagement with the first count wheel, a dispensing mechanism configured, on actuation, to dispense a dose of medicament, wherein: on actuation, the dispensing mechanism moves the translating member in a substantially linear direction, whereby the pawl rotates the first count wheel, and as the first count wheel rotates, the intermediate wheel is selectively engaged thereby selectively rotating the second count wheel; wherein the dose counting ism further comprises a counter chassis, the counter chassis being configured to receive and to guide motion of the translating member; wherein the counter chassis further comprises a chassis pawl that is integrally formed with the r chassis, the chassis pawl configured to enable the wheels of the dose counting mechanism to rotate in a first, counting direction but to prevent rotation of at least the first count wheel in an opposite, backwards direction.
2. An r for delivery of a medicament by inhalation, the inhaler comprising: a dispensing mechanism configured, on actuation, to dispense a dose of medicament, a dose counting mechanism sing a r for displaying indicia relating to the number of doses of medicament of the inhaler, and a window substantially aligned with the counter such that the indicia are viewable therethrough, wherein the window ses a magnifying outer surface for magnifying the indicia of the counter, the magnification in a first dimension being greater than the magnification in a second dimension that is substantially dicular to the first dimension; n the dose counting mechanism comprises a first count wheel, a second count wheel and an intermediate count wheel engaged with the second count wheel and in selective engagement with the first count wheel; wherein the dose counting mechanism further comprises a counter chassis which comprises a chassis pawl that is configured to enable the wheels of the dose counting mechanism to rotate in a first, counting direction but to prevent rotation of at least the first count wheel in an opposite, backwards direction.
3. The inhaler of claim 2, wherein the dose counting mechanism and the window are enclosed substantially within a housing of the inhaler behind a front fascia thereof, wherein the fascia comprises an aperture through which the window is visible.
4. The inhaler of claim 2 or 3, wherein the window is integrally formed with the counter chassis of the dose counting mechanism.
5. The inhaler of claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the magnifying outer surface comprises a curved e, the curvature of the surface in the first dimension being greater than the curvature of the surface in the second ion.
6. The inhaler of any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the magnification across a width of the window is lower than the magnification across a height of the window.
7. The inhaler of claim 6, wherein the ication across the width of the window ies the size of the display by between about 0 and 30%, and the magnification across the height of the window magnifies the size of the display by between about 0 and 50 %.
8. The inhaler of any one of claims 2 to 7, n: the dose counting mechanism r ses a translating , the translating member comprising a pawl, on actuation, the dispensing mechanism moves the ating member in a substantially linear direction, whereby the pawl rotates the first count wheel, and as the first count wheel rotates, the intermediate wheel is selectively engaged thereby selectively rotating the second count wheel.
9. The inhaler of claim 1 or 8, wherein the pawl rotates the first count wheel by about 36° upon each actuation.
10. The inhaler of any one of claims 1, 8 or 9, wherein the first count wheel engages the intermediate wheel only once for each full rotation through 360° of the first count wheel.
11. The inhaler of any one of claims 1 or 8 to 10, wherein the intermediate wheel rotates the second count wheel by between about 9° and 180° on each actuation.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB201115874A GB201115874D0 (en) | 2011-09-14 | 2011-09-14 | Inhaler |
GB1115874.8 | 2011-09-14 | ||
PCT/GB2012/052240 WO2013038170A2 (en) | 2011-09-14 | 2012-09-12 | Inhaler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ622662A NZ622662A (en) | 2015-10-30 |
NZ622662B2 true NZ622662B2 (en) | 2016-02-02 |
Family
ID=
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