NZ618822B2 - Ophthalmic solution containing hyaluronic acid or salt thereof and propylene glycol - Google Patents
Ophthalmic solution containing hyaluronic acid or salt thereof and propylene glycol Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ618822B2 NZ618822B2 NZ618822A NZ61882212A NZ618822B2 NZ 618822 B2 NZ618822 B2 NZ 618822B2 NZ 618822 A NZ618822 A NZ 618822A NZ 61882212 A NZ61882212 A NZ 61882212A NZ 618822 B2 NZ618822 B2 NZ 618822B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- ophthalmic solution
- concentration
- chloride
- propylene glycol
- amount
- Prior art date
Links
- 229940054534 Ophthalmic Solution Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 239000002997 ophthalmic solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- MAKUBRYLFHZREJ-JWBQXVCJSA-M sodium;(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)N[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O MAKUBRYLFHZREJ-JWBQXVCJSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229960000686 Benzalkonium Chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000002335 preservative Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000003204 osmotic Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cacl2 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DTYCRHCCLVCUDT-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;magnesium;tetrachloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] DTYCRHCCLVCUDT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940010747 Sodium Hyaluronate Drugs 0.000 claims description 57
- 229920002385 Sodium hyaluronate Polymers 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N edta Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940009662 edetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003889 eye drop Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 parabens Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001950 Benzethonium Chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Benzethonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004926 Chlorobutanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940075582 Sorbic Acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003333 chlorhexidine gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- YZIYKJHYYHPJIB-UUPCJSQJSA-N chlorhexidine gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1NC(=N)NC(=N)NCCCCCCNC(=N)NC(=N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YZIYKJHYYHPJIB-UUPCJSQJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorite Chemical compound [O-]Cl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sorbic acid Chemical compound CC=CC=CC(O)=O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010013774 Dry eye Diseases 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 35
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 210000002919 epithelial cells Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N sodium;(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2- Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229940037001 sodium edetate Drugs 0.000 description 9
- SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aminocaproic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)=O SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229960002684 aminocaproic acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000001963 growth media Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000000981 Epithelium Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000004587 Corneal Disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cells Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N (E)-but-2-enedioate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DABCO Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hippuric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N Oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N P-Toluenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004063 Propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001716 benzalkonium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CYDRXTMLKJDRQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl-dodecyl-dimethylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CYDRXTMLKJDRQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drugs Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increased Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-AIECOIEWSA-N (2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydroxyheptanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-AIECOIEWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMLGQXIKBPFHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminobutane-1,2,4-triol Chemical compound OCC(N)C(O)CO PMLGQXIKBPFHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 Acetic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095731 Candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001736 Capillaries Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010011024 Corneal injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940061607 Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QZKRHPLGUJDVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-K EDTA trisodium salt Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O QZKRHPLGUJDVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 Edetic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002598 Fumaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940097043 Glucuronic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 Gynecological Organic acids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940045996 Isethionic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYTUSYBCFIZPBE-AMTLMPIISA-N Lactobionic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JYTUSYBCFIZPBE-AMTLMPIISA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl iodide Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACTNHJDHMQSOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N N',N'-dibenzylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CCN)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ACTNHJDHMQSOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pamoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=C(C=3O)C(=O)O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940055023 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 1
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- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N Tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010318 polygalacturonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010874 syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003419 tautomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004393 visual impairment Effects 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-QIUUJYRFSA-N β-D-glucuronic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-QIUUJYRFSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
- A61K31/726—Glycosaminoglycans, i.e. mucopolysaccharides
- A61K31/728—Hyaluronic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
- A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
- A61K47/186—Quaternary ammonium compounds, e.g. benzalkonium chloride or cetrimide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/08—Solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/04—Artificial tears; Irrigation solutions
Abstract
Provided is an aqueous ophthalmic solution comprising hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a concentration of 0.03-0.5% (w/v), propylene glycol at a concentration of 0.1-1.0% (w/v), benzalkonium chloride at a concentration of 0.001-0.002% (w/v) as a preservative and an ionic tonicity agent at such a concentration that the osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes 0.9-1.1. Preferred ionic tonicity agents include sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride. The solution is suitable for the treatment of dry eyes. concentration that the osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes 0.9-1.1. Preferred ionic tonicity agents include sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride. The solution is suitable for the treatment of dry eyes.
Description
DESCRIPTION
TITLE OF INVENTION
Ophthalmic Solution Containing Hyaluronic Acid or Salt Thereof and
Propylene Glycol
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an aqueous ophthalmic solution containing
hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a concentration from 0.03 to 0.5% (w/v) and
propylene glycol at a concentration from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), which comprises as a sole
preservative, benzalkonium chloride at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v) and
at least one ionic tonicity agent; wherein the osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic
solution is from 0.9 to 1.1. In addition, the present invention also relates to a method
of improving preservative effectiveness of an ophthalmic solution containing sodium
hyaluronate at a concentration of 0.1 or 0.3% (w/v) and benzalkonium chloride as a
sole preservative, and having a kinematic viscosity of the ophthalmic solution to 3.0 to
4.0 or 17 to 30 mm /s, which comprises a step (a) of mixing sodium hyaluronate in
such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.1 or
0.3% (w/v), benzalkonium chloride in such an amount that a concentration in the
ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v), propylene glycol in such an
amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v),
and an ionic tonicity agent in such an amount that an osmotic pressure ratio of the
ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.9 to 1.1, a step (b) of adjusting pH of the
ophthalmic solution to 6.0 to 7.0, and a step (c) of filling an eye drop container with the
ophthalmic solution.
BACKGROUND ART
Dry eye is a disease starting from such a minor symptom as dryness of an eye or
uncomfortable feeling as if something were in an eye, and aggravation thereof
significantly interferes with daily life. The number of patients suffering from dry eye
has increased year by year with emergence of the aging society or increase in works
involved with video display terminals (VDT) such as a personal computer, and the
number of estimated patients is allegedly 10 million or more in the United States and 8
million or more also in Japan.
Though morbidity of dry eye has not completely been clarified, it has been
known that dry eye causes keratoconjunctive epithelium disorder and ultimately causes
visual impairments. Therefore, it is extremely important to treat appropriately in an
early stage, keratoconjunctive epithelium disorder caused by dry eye.
Ocular instillation is currently most common as a method of treatment of dry
eye, and in Japan, an ophthalmic solution containing sodium hyaluronate is widely used
for dry eye treatment.
As an ophthalmic solution containing sodium hyaluronate (hereinafter also
simply referred to as a "sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution"), for the purpose of
use thereof multiple times, a multiple-dose type allowing free opening and re-sealing of
a cap or the like (Hyalein ophthalmic solution 0.1%, Hyalein ophthalmic solution
0.3%, and the like) and a unit-dose type intended for single dose (Hyalein mini
ophthalmic solution 0.1%, Hyalein mini ophthalmic solution 0.3%, and the like) are
available.
With regard to the multiple-dose type sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution,
a cap is opened and re-sealed, and therefore benzalkonium chloride is added thereto as
a preservative. On the other hand, since the unit-dose type is intended for single dose
(disposable), no preservative is added.
It has been pointed out that such a preservative as benzalkonium chloride has
the possibility of inducing corneal damage. For example, as disclosed in Clinical and
Experimental Ophthalmology, 32, 180-184 (2004) (NPD 1), benzalkonium chloride has
been known to have the possibility of causing corneal epithelium disorder in a
concentration-dependent manner. As described previously, since dry eye is
essentially a disease accompanying corneal epithelium disorder, a unit-dose type
sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution is used for severe dry eye patients. On the
other hand, in light of a problem of production cost and the like, it is difficult to
prescribe a unit-dose type sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution to all dry eye
patients. Therefore, it is also possible that incidence of corneal epithelium disorder is
lowered by lowering a concentration of a preservative in a multiple-dose type
ophthalmic solution. Actually, however, if a concentration of a preservative in the eye
drop is lowered, preservative effectiveness sufficient for use as the multiple-dose type
will not be obtained. In addition, there is also a concern that, due to change in
blended ingredients accompanying decrease in preservative, physiochemical properties
of the ophthalmic solution differ from those of a conventional sodium hyaluronate
ophthalmic solution.
Though Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-359629 (PTD 1), Japanese
Patent Laying-Open No. 2009-196903 (PTD 2), and Japanese Patent Laying-Open No.
2009-161454 (PTD 3) disclose an ophthalmic solution containing sodium hyaluronate,
benzalkonium chloride, and propylene glycol, they are completely silent about an
ophthalmic solution having sufficient preservative effectiveness and having
physiochemical properties the same as those of the conventional sodium hyaluronate
ophthalmic solution while a concentration of benzalkonium chloride in the ophthalmic
solution is equal to or lower than 0.0025%.
CITATION LIST
PATENT DOCUMENT
PTD 1: Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-359629
PTD 2: Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2009-196903
PTD 3: Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2009-161454
NON PATENT DOCUMENT
NPD 1: Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, 32, 180-184 (2004)
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
As above, it is an interesting task to search for an ophthalmic solution having
sufficient preservative effectiveness and having physiochemical properties the same as
those of the conventional sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution while a
concentration of benzalkonium chloride is lowered.
SOLUTION TO PROBLEM
The present inventors have found that a sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic
solution to which 0.002% (w/v) benzalkonium chloride has been added does not
achieve sufficient preservative effectiveness, whereas addition of propylene glycol
thereto will achieve sufficient preservative effectiveness even when a concentration of
benzalkonium chloride is lowered to 0.001% (w/v).
On the other hand, the present inventors have found that if more than 1% (w/v)
propylene glycol is added to a sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution, an allowable
range of kinematic viscosity and/or osmotic pressure ratio of the sodium hyaluronate
ophthalmic solution described in "Hyalein ophthalmic solution 0.1%, Hyalein
ophthalmic solution 0.3%, Hyalein mini ophthalmic solution 0.1%, and Hyalein
mini ophthalmic solution 0.3% medical supply interview form, November 2010
(Revised Seventh Edition) (hereinafter also referred to as 'Hyalein interview form')" is
exceeded, and have completed the present invention in which the upper limit of an
amount of addition of propylene glycol is set to 1% (w/v).
In addition, the present inventors have also found that a propylene glycol-
containing sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution is less likely to drip and it also has
an effect to protect corneal epithelial cells against drying, as will be described later.
Namely, the present invention is directed to an aqueous ophthalmic solution
containing hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a concentration from 0.03 to 0.5% (w/v)
and propylene glycol at a concentration from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), which comprises as a
sole preservative, benzalkonium chloride at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.002%
(w/v) and comprises an ionic tonicity agent at such a concentration that osmotic
pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.9 to 1.1 (hereinafter also
simply referred to as the "present ophthalmic solution").
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention is directed to the
present ophthalmic solution comprising a buffer and a pH adjuster in such an amount
that pH becomes from 6.0 to 7.0.
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention is directed to the
present ophthalmic solution comprising an edetate at a concentration from 0.001 to
0.1% (w/v).
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention is directed to the
present ophthalmic solution in which a concentration of hyaluronic acid or a salt
thereof is from 0.1 to 0.3% (w/v).
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention is directed to the
present ophthalmic solution in which a concentration of propylene glycol is from 0.25
to 0.75% (w/v).
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention is directed to the
present ophthalmic solution in which a concentration of benzalkonium chloride is from
0.001 to 0.0015% (w/v).
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention is directed to an
aqueous ophthalmic solution consisting essentially of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof
at a concentration from 0.03 to 0.5% (w/v), propylene glycol at a concentration from
0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), benzalkonium chloride at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.002%
(w/v), an ionic tonicity agent at such a concentration that osmotic pressure ratio of the
ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.9 to 1.1, a buffer and a pH adjuster in such an
amount that pH of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 6.0 to 7.0, and an edetate at a
concentration from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v).
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention is directed to an
aqueous ophthalmic solution consisting essentially of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof
at a concentration from 0.1 to 0.3% (w/v), propylene glycol at a concentration from
0.25 to 0.75% (w/v), benzalkonium chloride at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.0015%
(w/v), an ionic tonicity agent at such a concentration that osmotic pressure ratio of the
ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.9 to 1.1, a buffer and a pH adjuster in such an
amount that pH of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 6.0 to 7.0, and an edetate at a
concentration from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v).
In addition, the present invention is directed to a method of improving
preservative effectiveness of an aqueous ophthalmic solution containing sodium
hyaluronate at a concentration of 0.1 or 0.3% (w/v) and benzalkonium chloride as a
sole preservative, setting kinematic viscosity of the ophthalmic solution to 3.0 to 4.0 or
17 to 30 mm /s, and preventing drip of the ophthalmic solution, comprising a step (a) of
mixing sodium hyaluronate in such an amount that concentration in the ophthalmic
solution becomes from 0.1 or 0.3% (w/v), benzalkonium chloride in such an amount
that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes to 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v),
propylene glycol in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution
becomes from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), and an ionic tonicity agent in such an amount that
osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.9 to 1.1, a step (b) of
adjusting pH of the ophthalmic solution to 6.0 to 7.0, and a step (c) of filling an eye
drop container with the ophthalmic solution (hereinafter, also simply collectively
referred to as the "present method").
In addition, in the step (a) of the present method, an edetate in such an amount
that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v) is
preferably further mixed.
In addition, in the step (a) of the present method, propylene glycol in such an
amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.25 to 0.75%
(w/v) is preferably mixed.
In addition, in the step (a) of the present method, benzalkonium chloride in such
an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to
0.0015% (w/v) is preferably mixed.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The present ophthalmic solution achieves sufficient preservative effectiveness
by comprising propylene glycol despite the fact that a concentration of benzalkonium
chloride in the ophthalmic solution is equal to or lower than 0.002% (w/v), while it has
kinematic viscosity and osmotic pressure ratio allowed as the ophthalmic solution
containing hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof (hereinafter also simply referred to as a
"hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution "). In addition, as is clear from results in drip
check tests and evaluation test of protective effect on corneal epithelial cell which will
be described later, the present ophthalmic solution has also such an effect as less
likeliness of drip and protection of corneal epithelial cells against drying.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a graph showing influence by a propylene glycol-containing sodium
hyaluronate ophthalmic solution on corneal epithelial cell damage due to drying load,
in which the ordinate representing cell viability.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
The present ophthalmic solution is an aqueous ophthalmic solution containing
hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a concentration from 0.03 to 0.5% (w/v) and
propylene glycol at a concentration from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), characterized in that the
ophthalmic solution comprises as a sole preservative, benzalkonium chloride at a
concentration from 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v) and comprises an ionic tonicity agent at such
a concentration that an osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes from
0.9 to 1.1. It is noted that the "aqueous ophthalmic solution" in the present invention
refers to an ophthalmic solution comprising water as a vehicle.
The present ophthalmic solution can be used for treatment not only of
keratoconjunctive epithelium disorder accompanying such endogenous conditions as
dry eye (xerophthalmia syndrome), Sjögren syndrome, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome
but also of keratoconjunctive epithelium disorder accompanying exogenous conditions,
which is post-operative or drug-induced, or caused by trauma or use of contact lenses,
or the like. Such a present ophthalmic solution achieves sufficient preservative
effectiveness by containing propylene glycol despite the fact that a concentration of
benzalkonium chloride in the ophthalmic solution is equal to or lower than 0.002%
(w/v), while it has kinematic viscosity and osmotic pressure ratio allowed as the
hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution. In addition, the present ophthalmic solution also
has such an effect as less likeliness of drip and protection of corneal epithelial cells
against drying.
The hyaluronic acid in the present invention is a compound shown in a general
formula (1) below:
[where n represents a natural number].
Hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight from 500,000 to 3,900,000
is preferred as "hyaluronic acid" in the present invention, and hyaluronic acid having an
average molecular weight from 500,000 to 1,200,000 is further preferred.
Salt of hyaluronic acid is not particularly restricted, so long as it is a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and examples thereof include: salt with such
inorganic acids as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydriodic acid, nitric acid,
sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid; salt with such organic acids as acetic acid, fumaric
acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid,
glucoheptonic acid, glucuronic acid, terephthalic acid, methanesulfonic acid, lactic acid,
hippuric acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid, isethionic acid, lactobionic acid, oleic acid,
pamoic acid, polygalacturonic acid, stearic acid, tannic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic
acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, lauryl sulfate ester, methyl sulfate,
naphthalenesulfonic acid, and sulfosalicyclic acid; quaternary ammonium salt with
methyl bromide, methyl iodide, and the like; salt with such halogen ions as bromine
ions, chlorine ions, and iodine ions; salt with such an alkali metal as lithium, sodium,
and potassium; salt with such an alkaline earth metal as calcium and magnesium; metal
salt with iron, zinc, and the like; salt with ammonia; salt with such organic amines as
triethylenediamine, 2-aminoethanol, 2,2-iminobis(ethanol), 1-deoxy(methylamino)-
2-D-sorbitol, 2-amino(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, procaine, and N,N-
bis(phenylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine; and the like.
Sodium salt shown in a general formula (2) below (hereinafter also referred to
as "sodium hyaluronate") is preferred as "salt of hyaluronic acid" in the present
invention:
[where m represents a natural number].
"Hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof" in the present invention may be in a form of
a hydrate or a solvate.
In a case where a geometric isomer or an optical isomer is present for
hyaluronic acid, the isomer or salt thereof is also encompassed in the scope of the
present invention. In addition, in a case where a proton tautomerism is present for
hyaluronic acid, the tautomer or salt thereof is also encompassed in the present
invention.
In a case where a polymorph and a polymorph group (a polymorphic system)
are present in hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof, a hydrate, or a solvate, those polymorph
and polymorph group (polymorphic system) are also encompassed in the present
invention. Here, the polymorph group (polymorphic system) means an individual
crystal form in each stage in a case where a crystal form changes depending on
conditions and states for manufacturing, crystallization, storage, and the like of those
crystals (the present state including also a formulated state) and the entire process
thereof.
"Hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof" can also be manufactured in accordance with
a method common in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, and can also be
manufactured in accordance with the method described in Japanese Patent Laying-
Open No. 1-115902. In addition, a product commercially available from Sigma and
the like can also be employed as "hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof" in the present
invention, and for example, "sodium hyaluronate" is commercially available from
Sigma (catalogue No.: H5388).
Though the present ophthalmic solution can also contain an active ingredient
other than "hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof," it preferably contains "hyaluronic acid or
salt thereof" as a sole active ingredient.
A concentration of "hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof" in the present ophthalmic
solution is from 0.03 to 0.5% (w/v), preferably from 0.1 to 0.3% (w/v), and further
preferably 0.1% (w/v) or 0.3% (w/v).
The aforementioned "concentration of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof" means
both of a concentration of "hyaluronic acid (free form)" and a concentration of "salt of
hyaluronic acid." For example, "0.1% (w/v) hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof" means
both of a case where a concentration of "hyaluronic acid (free form)" in the ophthalmic
solution is 0.1% (w/v) and a case where a concentration of "salt of hyaluronic acid" is
0.1% (w/v).
A concentration of "propylene glycol" in the present ophthalmic solution is
from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v) and preferably from 0.25 to 0.75% (w/v).
Benzalkonium chloride is a compound shown in a general formula (3) below:
[where R represents an alkyl group having a carbon number from 8 to 18].
Preferred "benzalkonium chloride" in the present invention is benzalkonium
chloride in which R in the general formula (3) above represents "C H " (hereinafter
12 25
also referred to as "benzalkonium chloride (C12)").
A concentration of "benzalkonium chloride" in the present ophthalmic solution
is from 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v) and preferably from 0.001 to 0.0015% (w/v).
"Comprising benzalkonium chloride as a sole preservative" in the present
invention means that the present ophthalmic solution comprises benzalkonium chloride,
while it comprises none of benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, parabens,
sorbic acid and a salt thereof, chlorobutanol, boric acid, borax, and chlorite.
"Comprising an ionic tonicity agent at such a concentration that an osmotic
pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.9 to 1.1" in the present
invention means that an osmotic pressure ratio of the present ophthalmic solution is
adjusted within a range from "0.9 to 1.1" by further adding to the present ophthalmic
solution, an ionic tonicity agent in addition to propylene glycol or the like. It is noted
that an osmotic pressure ratio of the present ophthalmic solution can readily be
measured with the use of an automatic osmolarity analyzer.
The ionic tonicity agent used in the present invention refers to an ionic tonicity
agent of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride,
or the like.
The present ophthalmic solution preferably comprises a buffer and a pH
adjuster in such an amount that pH of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 6.0 to 7.0.
"Comprising a buffer and a pH adjuster in such an amount that pH of the ophthalmic
solution becomes from 6.0 to 7.0" in the present invention means that pH of the present
ophthalmic solution is adjusted within a range from "6.0 to 7.0" by adding a buffer and
a pH adjuster to the present ophthalmic solution, and an amount of addition
(concentration) of a buffer and a pH adjuster is not particularly limited so long as pH of
the present ophthalmic solution can be adjusted within that range.
Specific examples of the "buffer" in the present invention include sodium
phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, sodium acetate, epsilon-
amino caproic acid, and the like, and epsilon-amino caproic acid is particularly
preferred. It is noted that boric acid and borax are not included in the "buffer" in the
present invention.
A "pH adjuster" in the present invention is not particularly limited so long as it
can adjust pH of the present ophthalmic solution, and specific examples include diluted
hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and the like.
The present ophthalmic solution is substantially equal in kinematic viscosity to
the conventional sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution. For example, in a case
where a concentration of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof in the present ophthalmic
solution is 0.1% (w/v), kinematic viscosity thereof is within the range from "3.0 to 4.0
mm /s" described in the Hyalein ophthalmic solution 0.1% or Hyalein mini
ophthalmic solution 0.1% medical supply interview form. In addition, in a case where
a concentration of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof in the present ophthalmic solution is
0.3% (w/v), kinematic viscosity thereof is within the range from "17 to 30 mm /s"
described in the Hyalein ophthalmic solution 0.3% or Hyalein mini ophthalmic
solution 0.3% medical supply interview form.
The present ophthalmic solution preferably comprises an edetate at a
concentration from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v). Here, "edetate" in the present invention
means salt of edetic acid (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) such as monosodium edetate,
disodium edetate, trisodium edetate, and tetrasodium edetate, and a hydrate thereof.
Disodium edetate dihydrate (hereinafter also referred to as "sodium edetate hydrate") is
preferred as "edetate" in the present invention.
Though a pharmaceutically acceptable additive can be added to the present
ophthalmic solution as necessary, the present ophthalmic solution preferably does not
contain an additive which is not specified to be contained and influences an effect of
the present ophthalmic solution, and further preferably, it does not contain an additive
not specified to be contained.
The present invention provides as a preferred embodiment of the present
ophthalmic solution described above, an aqueous ophthalmic solution consisting
essentially of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a concentration from 0.03 to 0.5%
(w/v), propylene glycol at a concentration from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), benzalkonium
chloride at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v), an ionic tonicity agent at such
a concentration that an osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes from
0.9 to 1.1, a buffer and a pH adjuster in such an amount that pH of the ophthalmic
solution becomes from 6.0 to 7.0, and an edetate at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.1%
(w/v). In the aqueous ophthalmic solution in the present embodiment as well,
preferably, a concentration of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof is from 0.1 to 0.3% (w/v),
a concentration of propylene glycol is from 0.25 to 0.75% (w/v), and a concentration of
benzalkonium chloride is from 0.001 to 0.0015% (w/v).
"To improve preservative effectiveness" in the present method means that a
sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution comprising benzalkonium chloride at a
concentration not higher than 0.002% (w/v) is improved to pass the defined
preservatives-effectiveness test (for example, the preservatives-effectiveness tests under
Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the 15th Edition) without increasing an amount of addition of
a preservative.
"Preventing drip" in the present method means that, in a case where an eye drop
container is filled with a sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution and thereafter an
instillation operation is performed, frequency of occurrence of such a phenomenon that
the ophthalmic solution runs down from a tip end of the eye drop container along the
outside (drip) is lowered as compared with a sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution
not containing propylene glycol.
In the step (a) of the present method, an ingredient other than sodium
hyaluronate, benzalkonium chloride, propylene glycol, and an ionic tonicity agent can
also be mixed, and in particular, an edetate in such an amount that a concentration in
the sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v) is
preferably mixed.
The step (b) of the present method means adding a buffer and a pH adjuster to a
sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution to thereby adjust pH within the range from
"6.0 to 7.0". So long as pH of the sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution can be
adjusted within that range, an amount of addition (concentration) of a buffer and a pH
adjuster is not particularly limited.
An eye drop container filled with the sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution in
the step (c) of the present method is not particularly limited so long as it is normally
used as an eye drop container, and an eye drop container made of polyethylene is
particularly preferred.
The present method can also comprise step(s) other than steps (a), (b), and (c).
Though results of preservatives-effectiveness tests, kinematic viscosity
measurement tests, drip check tests, and evaluation test of protective effect on corneal
epithelial cell, as well as formulation examples are shown below, these examples are
for better understanding of the present invention and do not intend to limit the scope of
the present invention.
Examples
[Preservatives-Effectiveness Tests]
Preservatives-effectiveness tests were conducted to check influence by
propylene glycol on preservative effectiveness of a hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution.
(Preparation of Sample)
<Comparative Formulations 1, 2>
Here, 0.3 g of sodium hyaluronate, 0.7 g of sodium chloride, 0.15 g of
potassium chloride, 0.2 g of epsilon-amino caproic acid, 0.01 g of sodium edetate
hydrate, and 0.0025 g of benzalkonium chloride (C12) were dissolved in water to
obtain a 100 mL product, followed by addition thereto of diluted hydrochloric acid
and/or sodium hydroxide. A resultant product having pH of 6.0 was employed as
Comparative Formulation 1 and a resultant product having pH of 7.0 was employed as
Comparative Formulation 2.
<Comparative Formulations 3, 4>
Comparative Formulations 3, 4 were prepared as in Comparative Formulations
1 and 2 above, except that an amount of addition of benzalkonium chloride (C12) was
set to 0.002 g.
<Formulation 1>
Here, 0.3 g of sodium hyaluronate, 0.7 g of sodium chloride, 0.25 g of
propylene glycol, 0.2 g of epsilon-amino caproic acid, 0.01 g of sodium edetate hydrate,
and 0.001 g of benzalkonium chloride (C12) were dissolved in water to obtain a 100
mL product, followed by addition thereto of diluted hydrochloric acid and/or sodium
hydroxide. A resultant product had pH of 6.0.
<Formulation 2>
Formulation 2 was prepared as in Formulation 1 above except that an amount of
addition of sodium hyaluronate was set to 0.1 g and an amount of addition of
benzalkonium chloride (C12) was set to 0.0012 g.
(Test Method)
Preservatives-effectiveness tests were conducted in conformity with
Preservatives-Effectiveness Tests defined in Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the 15th edition
(hereinafter also simply referred to as "Japanese Pharmacopoeia"). In the present test,
Escherichia Coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus
aureus (S. aureus), Candida albicans (C. albicans), and Aspergillus niger (A. niger)
were employed as test strains.
(Test Results)
Table 1 shows test results. In Table 1, "N.D." indicates that no microorganism
was detected.
Table 1
Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative
Ingredient Formulation 1 Formulation 2
Formulation 1 Formulation 2 Formulation 3 Formulation 4
0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.1%
Sodium Hyaluronate
Sodium Chloride 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7%
0.15% 0.15% 0.15% 0.15%
Potassium Chloride
Propylene Glycol 0.25% 0.25%
Epsilon-Amino
0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%
Caproic Acid
Sodium Edetate
0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%
Hydrate
Benzalkonium
0.0025% 0.0025% 0.002% 0.002% 0.001% 0.0012%
Chloride (C12)
Diluted
Hydrochloric
q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.
Acid/Sodium
Hydroxide
Purified Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.
pH 6.0 7.0 6.0 7.0 6.0 6.0
Results of Preservatives-Effectiveness Tests : Log Reduction
1w 4.3 4.5 2.2 2.3 4.1 6.1
N.D. N.D. 6.1 N.D. N.D. N.D.
E. Coli
3w N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
1w N.D. N.D. 2.2 5.3 N.D. 2.4
N.D. N.D. 2.5 5.6 N.D. 4.4
P. aeruginosa
3w N.D. N.D. 2.6 N.D. N.D. 4.7
N.D. N.D. 3.1 N.D. N.D. 5.5
1w 4.8 5.4 3.0 5.1 2.2 4.3
N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
S. aureus
3w N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
1w 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.5
1.5 1.9 0.9 1.8 1.2 2.4
C. albicans
3w 2.4 1.8 1.6 3.1 3.2 3.9
3.2 5.8 2.3 4.3 4.0 4.9
1w 1.6 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.2 0.2
3.4 3.2 1.9 3.2 0.0 0.4
A. niger
3w 4.2 4.4 2.4 3.9 0.1 0.7
.3 N.D. 3.0 4.7 0.1 0.9
Determination
(Based on Japanese Pass Pass Fail Pass Pass Pass
Pharmacopoeia)
(Discussion)
As shown in Table 1, it was clarified that the sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic
solution satisfied the criteria defined in "Japanese Pharmacopoeia General Information
Preservatives-Effectiveness Tests Category IA" within the pH range allowable in the
presence of 0.0025% (w/v) benzalkonium chloride (pH 6.0 and 7.0), however, it did not
satisfy the criteria at pH 6.0 in the presence of 0.002% (w/v) benzalkonium chloride
and did not have sufficient preservative effectiveness. Then, preservative
effectiveness at pH 6.0 at which preservative effectiveness was weaker was evaluated
in the presence of 0.25% (w/v) propylene glycol. Then, it was clarified that the 0.1%
(w/v) sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution satisfied the criteria of "Japanese
Pharmacopoeia General Information Preservatives-Effectiveness Tests Category IA" at
a concentration of benzalkonium chloride of 0.0012% (w/v) and the 0.3% (w/v) sodium
hyaluronate ophthalmic solution satisfied the criteria also at a concentration of
benzalkonium chloride of 0.001% (w/v) and that both of them had sufficient
preservative effectiveness. From the foregoing, it was shown that, by adding
propylene glycol, the hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution achieved sufficient
preservative effectiveness even though the concentration of benzalkonium chloride was
set to 0.002% (w/v) or lower.
[Kinematic Viscosity Measurement Test]
Kinematic viscosity measurement tests were conducted in order to check
kinematic viscosity of a hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution in which propylene glycol
had been blended in a case that osmotic pressure ratio thereof was adjusted from 0.9 to
1.1.
(Preparation of Sample)
<Comparative Formulation>
Here, 0.3 g of sodium hyaluronate, 0.2 g of epsilon-amino caproic acid, 0.8 g of
sodium chloride, 0.0015 g of benzalkonium chloride (C12), and 0.01 g of sodium
edetate hydrate were dissolved in water to obtain a 100 mL product, followed by
addition thereto of diluted hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide. A resultant
product having pH of 6.5 and osmotic pressure ratio of 1.0 was employed as a
Comparative Formulation.
<Formulations 1 to 5>
Formulations 1 to 5 were prepared similarly to Comparative Formulation above
except that an amount of addition of sodium chloride and propylene glycol was varied
as appropriate to adjust osmotic pressure ratio to 1.0 (see Table 2).
(Test Method)
According to page 4 of the Hyalein interview form, allowable ranges of osmotic
pressure ratio and kinematic viscosity of the 0.3% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate
ophthalmic solution are "from 0.9 to 1.1" and "from 17 to 30 mm /s," respectively.
Then, osmotic pressure ratio of the sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution was
adjusted to "0.9 to 1.1" with the use of propylene glycol and an ionic tonicity agent, and
thereafter kinematic viscosity of the osmotic pressure ratio was measured. It is noted
that, in the kinematic viscosity measurement test, kinematic viscosity at a measurement
temperature of 30 C was measured in accordance with "Japanese Pharmacopoeia
General Tests, Viscosity Determination Method I Viscosity Measurement by Capillary
Tube." In addition, osmotic pressure ratio was measured with the use of an automatic
osmolarity analyzer (manufactured by Arkray, Inc.) in accordance with "Japanese
Pharmacopoeia General Tests Osmolarity Determination."
(Results)
Table 2 shows results.
Table 2
Comparative
Blended Ingredient Formulation 1 Formulation 2 Formulation 3 Formulation 4 Formulation 5
Formulation
Sodium Hyaluronate 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3%
Epsilon-Amino
0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%
Caproic Acid
Sodium Chloride 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3%
Propylene Glycol 0.25% 0.5% 0.75% 1% 1.25%
Benzalkonium
0.0015% 0.0015% 0.0015% 0.0015% 0.0015% 0.0015%
Chloride (C12)
Sodium Edetate
0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%
Hydrate
Diluted
Hydrochloric
q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.
Acid/Sodium
Hydroxide
Purified Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.
pH 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5
Osmotic pressure
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
ratio
Kinematic Viscosity
26 27 28 30 34
(mm /s)
(Discussion)
As is clear from Table 2, it was shown that, with a concentration of blended
propylene glycol being 1% (w/v) or lower, kinematic viscosity of the 0.3% (w/v)
sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution was within the allowable range (17 to 30
mm /s), while kinematic viscosity exceeded the allowable range of kinematic viscosity
at a concentration equal to or higher than that. In addition, it is estimated from the
results above that, with a concentration of blended propylene glycol being 1% (w/v) or
lower, kinematic viscosity of the 0.1% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution
will also be within the allowable range (3.0 to 4.0 mm /s). From the foregoing, it was
shown that, in blending propylene glycol in the hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution, a
concentration of blended propylene glycol should be 1.0% (w/v) or lower.
[Drip Check Test]
A drip check test was conducted in order to check influence by propylene glycol
on drip of a hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution.
(Preparation of Reagent)
Propylene Glycol Free Formulation
Commercially available "Hyalein ophthalmic solution 0.1%" was employed.
Propylene Glycol-Containing Formulation
Sodium hyaluronate (0.1 g), a buffer (epsilon-amino caproic acid), sodium
chloride, propylene glycol, benzalkonium chloride (C12), and sodium edetate hydrate
were dissolved in water to obtain a 100 mL product (osmotic pressure ratio: 0.9 to 1.1),
followed by addition thereto of diluted hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide. A
resultant product had pH of 6.5.
(Test Method)
An eye drop container made of polyethylene was filled with each of the
propylene glycol free formulation or the propylene glycol-containing formulation of
5mL, and 5 healthy subjects performed 6 times an operation the same as the operation
performed at the time of ocular instillation. For each operation, whether or not drip (a
phenomenon that the ophthalmic solution runs down from the tip end of the eye drop
container along the outside) occurred was evaluated.
(Results)
Table 3 shows results.
Table 3
The Number Propylene Glycol-Containing
Propylene Glycol Free Formulation
of Times of Formulation
Measurement Drip Without Drip Drip Without Drip
1 1 4 0 5
2 0 5 0 5
3 1 4 0 5
4 0 5 0 5
0 5 0 5
6 0 5 0 5
Total 2 28 0 30
(Discussion)
As is clear from Table 3, with the propylene glycol free formulation, there were
some cases of drip, whereas with the propylene glycol-containing formulation, no drip
was observed. From the foregoing, it was shown that the present ophthalmic solution
exhibited improvement in drip as compared with the conventional hyaluronic acid
ophthalmic solution in which no propylene glycol had been blended.
[Evaluation Test of Protective Effect on Corneal Epithelial Cell]
Evaluation test of protective effect on corneal epithelial cell was conducted in
order to study influence by a propylene glycol-containing hyaluronic acid ophthalmic
solution on corneal epithelial cell damage due to drying load.
(Test Method)
SV40 immortalized human corneal epithelial cells: (HCE-T: RIKEN
BioResource Center, Japan,, Cell No.: RCB2280) were seeded to a 96-well plate (1 10
cells/well) and cultured for one day in an SHEM culture medium. On the next day,
the culture medium was replaced with a D-MEM/F12 culture medium containing
0.25% (w/v) propylene glycol, 0.03% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate, or 0.25% (w/v)
propylene glycol and 0.03% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate, and thereafter the corneal
epithelial cells were cultured for one hour (hereinafter, each also referred to as a
"propylene glycol alone group," a "hyaluronic acid alone group," or a "propylene
glycol/hyaluronic acid combination group"). It is noted that a group that a culture
medium was replaced with a D-MEM/F12 culture medium not containing a tested
substance and thereafter the corneal epithelial cells were cultured for one hour was
defined as a "vehicle group". After culture, a culture medium of each group was
replaced with a D-MEM/F12 culture medium not containing a tested substance and
then cells were dried for 7.5 minutes. After drying load, cell viability was measured
using Cell Proliferation Assay Kit (manufactured by Promega, catalogue No.: G3580)
(corresponding to absorbance of 490 nm).
(Results)
Fig. 1 shows test results.
(Discussion)
As is clear from Fig. 1, decrease in cell viability of corneal epithelial cells due
to drying load (see the vehicle group) was not sufficiently suppressed by treatment of
propylene glycol alone or hyaluronic acid alone (see the propylene glycol alone group,
the hyaluronic acid alone group). On the other hand, it was confirmed that,
surprisingly, decrease in cell viability was significantly suppressed in the propylene
glycol/sodium hyaluronate combination group. From the foregoing results, the
propylene glycol-containing hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution is considered to have
an effect to protect corneal epithelial cells against drying.
[Formulation Example]
Though a drug according to the present invention will be described further
specifically with reference to formulation examples, the present invention is not limited
only to these formulation examples.
(Formulation Example 1)
In 100 ml of an ophthalmic solution (0.1% (w/v))
sodium hyaluronate 0.1 g
epsilon-amino-caproic acid 0.2 g
sodium chloride 0.6 g
propylene glycol 0.5 g
benzalkonium chloride (C12) 0.001 to 0.002 g
sodium edetate hydrate 0.001 to 0.1 g
diluted hydrochloric acid q.s.
sodium hydroxide q.s.
sterile purified water q.s.
The 0.1% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution having pH from 6.0 to
7.0 and osmotic pressure ratio from 0.9 to 1.1 can be prepared by adding sodium
hyaluronate and the above-mentioned ingredients other than that to sterile purified
water and sufficiently mixing those.
(Formulation Example 2)
In 100 ml of an ophthalmic solution (0.3% (w/v))
sodium hyaluronate 0.3 g
epsilon-amino-caproic acid 0.2 g
sodium chloride 0.5 g
propylene glycol 0.75 g
benzalkonium chloride (C12) 0.001 to 0.002 g
sodium edetate hydrate 0.001 to 0.1 g
diluted hydrochloric acid q.s.
sodium hydroxide q.s.
sterile purified water q.s.
The 0.3% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution having pH from 6.0 to
7.0 and osmotic pressure ratio from 0.9 to 1.1 can be prepared by adding sodium
hyaluronate and the above-mentioned ingredients other than that to sterile purified
water and sufficiently mixing those.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution according to the present invention
achieves sufficient preservative effectiveness by containing propylene glycol despite
the fact that a concentration of benzalkonium chloride in the ophthalmic solution is
equal to or lower than 0.002% (w/v), while it has osmotic pressure ratio and kinematic
viscosity allowed as the hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution. In addition, the
hyaluronic acid ophthalmic solution according to the present invention has such an
effect of less likeliness of drip and protection of corneal epithelial cells against drying,
and hence it is expected to serve as an ophthalmic solution capable of more effectively
treating dry eye.
Claims (17)
1. An aqueous ophthalmic solution containing hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a concentration from 0.03 to 0.5% (w/v), and propylene glycol at a concentration 5 from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), comprising: benzalkonium chloride at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v) as a preservative; and at least one ionic tonicity agent selected from sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride; 10 wherein the osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solutionis from 0.9 to 1.1 and the ophthalmic solution does not comprise a preservative selected from benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, parabens, sorbic acid and a salt thereof, chlorobutanol, boric acid, borax, and chlorite. 15 2. The ophthalmic solution according to claim 1, comprising a buffer and a pH adjuster in such an amount that pH of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 6.0 to
7.0.
3. The ophthalmic solution according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an edetate at 20 a concentration from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v).
4. The ophthalmic solution according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of hyaluronic acid or the salt thereof is from 0.1 to 0.3% (w/v). 25
5. The ophthalmic solution according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of propylene glycol is from 0.25 to 0.75% (w/v).
6. The ophthalmic solution according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of benzalkonium chloride is from 0.001 to 0.0015% (w/v).
7. An aqueous ophthalmic solution, consisting essentially of: hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof at a concentration from 0.03 to 0.5% (w/v); propylene glycol at a concentration from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v); benzalkonium chloride at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.002% (w/v); at least one ionic tonicity agent, selected from sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride; 5 a buffer and a pH adjuster in such an amount that pH of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 6.0 to 7.0; and an edetate at a concentration from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v), wherein the ophthalmic composition has an osmotic pressure ratio of from 0.9 to 1.1. 10
8. The ophthalmic solution according to claim 7, wherein the concentration of hyaluronic acid or the salt thereof is from 0.1 to 0.3% (w/v), the concentration of propylene glycol is from 0.25 to 0.75% (w/v), and the concentration of benzalkonium chloride is from 0.001 to 0.0015% (w/v). 15
9. A method of improving preservative effectiveness of an aqueous ophthalmic solution containing sodium hyaluronate at a concentration of 0.1% (w/v) and benzalkonium chloride as a preservativeand having a kinematic viscosity of 3.0 to 4.0 mm /s, and reduced drip, wherein the ophthalmic solution does not comprise a preservative selected from benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, parabens, 20 sorbic acid and a salt thereof, chlorobutanol, boric acid, borax, and chlorite, comprising: a step (a) of mixing sodium hyaluronate in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes 0.1% (w/v), benzalkonium chloride in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to 0.002% 25 (w/v), propylene glycol in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), and an ionic tonicity agent selected from sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride in such an amount that an osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.9 to 1.1; a step (b) of adjusting the pH of the ophthalmic solution to 6.0 to 7.0; and 30 a step (c) of filling an eye drop container with the ophthalmic solution.
10. A method of improving preservative effectiveness of an aqueous ophthalmic solution containing sodium hyaluronate at a concentration of 0.3% (w/v) and benzalkonium chloride as a preservative, and having a kinematic viscosity of 17 to 30 mm /s, and reduced drip, wherein the ophthalmic solution does not comprise a preservative selected from benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, parabens, 5 sorbic acid and a salt thereof, chlorobutanol, boric acid, borax, and chlorite, comprising: a step (a) of mixing sodium hyaluronate in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes 0.3% (w/v), benzalkonium chloride in such an amount that a concentration in ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to 0.002% 10 (w/v), propylene glycol in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v), and an ionic tonicity agent selected from sodium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride in such an amount that an osmotic pressure ratio of the ophthalmic solution to 0.9 to 1.1; a step (b) of adjusting pH of the ophthalmic solution to 6.0 to 7.0; and 15 a step (c) of filling an eye drop container with the ophthalmic solution.
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein in the step (a), an edetate in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v) is further mixed.
12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein in the step (a), propylene glycol in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.25 to 0.75% (w/v) is mixed. 25
13. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein in the step (a), benzalkonium chloride in such an amount that a concentration in the ophthalmic solution becomes from 0.001 to 0.0015% (w/v) is mixed.
14. An ophthalmic solution according to claim 1, substantially as herein 30 described or exemplified.
15. An ophthalmic solution according to claim 7, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
16. A method according to claim 9, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
17. A method according to claim 10, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011-139566 | 2011-06-23 | ||
JP2011139566 | 2011-06-23 | ||
PCT/JP2012/065957 WO2012176865A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-06-22 | Ophthalmic solution containing hyaluronic acid or salt thereof and propylene glycol |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ618822A NZ618822A (en) | 2015-07-31 |
NZ618822B2 true NZ618822B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
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