NZ617765B2 - Substituted pyridopyrazines as novel syk inhibitors - Google Patents
Substituted pyridopyrazines as novel syk inhibitors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ617765B2 NZ617765B2 NZ617765A NZ61776512A NZ617765B2 NZ 617765 B2 NZ617765 B2 NZ 617765B2 NZ 617765 A NZ617765 A NZ 617765A NZ 61776512 A NZ61776512 A NZ 61776512A NZ 617765 B2 NZ617765 B2 NZ 617765B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- optionally substituted
- alkyl
- heterocycle
- cycloalkyl
- halo
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 22
- YEYHFKBVNARCNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine Chemical class N1=CC=NC2=CC=CN=C21 YEYHFKBVNARCNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 422
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 102000000551 Syk Kinase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108010016672 Syk Kinase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001404 mediated Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 206010039073 Rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 208000006673 Asthma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 206010025135 Lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 206010021245 Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 208000002098 Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 201000003710 autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 208000003950 B-Cell Lymphoma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 206010039085 Rhinitis allergic Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 201000010105 allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 201000010874 syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 208000007502 Anemia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 206010024324 Leukaemias Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 206010025323 Lymphomas Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000004235 Neutropenia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 206010025310 Other lymphomas Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 206010042971 T-cell lymphoma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 206010043554 Thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 201000009961 allergic asthma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 201000002364 leukopenia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 N-methylamino, N- ethylamino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 330
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 229
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 208
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 166
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 136
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 132
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 104
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 104
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 102
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 93
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 72
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 71
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 69
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 67
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 65
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 63
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 59
- 125000005257 alkyl acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 58
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 58
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 229960001663 sulfanilamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000005842 heteroatoms Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000005959 diazepanyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000005961 oxazepanyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000002636 imidazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 200000000018 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004433 nitrogen atoms Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001313 C5-C10 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 206010003816 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000172 C5-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000009596 autoimmune hypersensitivity disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910006074 SO2NH2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutic aid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000005794 allergic hypersensitivity disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005418 aryl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002062 proliferating Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- HXWWKCKINGLXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2,4-dimethoxy-5-phenoxazin-10-ylsulfonylanilino)-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical class C1=C(NC(=O)CCC(O)=O)C(OC)=CC(OC)=C1S(=O)(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2OC2=CC=CC=C21 HXWWKCKINGLXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 14
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical compound [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 2
- 125000006125 ethylsulfonyl group Chemical compound 0.000 claims 2
- XPXMKIXDFWLRAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazinide Chemical compound [NH-]N XPXMKIXDFWLRAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000006124 n-propyl sulfonyl group Chemical compound 0.000 claims 2
- 206010033661 Pancytopenia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- SBLZUCPPNQWJRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[[7-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C1=CC2=NC=CN=C2C(NCCC(N)=O)=N1 SBLZUCPPNQWJRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- LERRPIJXJPRERH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[(1-methylpiperidin-3-yl)methyl]-7-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-amine Chemical compound C1N(C)CCCC1CNC1=NC(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2CCOCC2)=CC2=NC=CN=C12 LERRPIJXJPRERH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 203
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 179
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 141
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 102
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 98
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 93
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 70
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene dichloride Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 67
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 62
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 61
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 60
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 57
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 41
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 36
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 36
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 31
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 26
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 26
- 230000002829 reduced Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 22
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 22
- BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hydride Inorganic materials [H-].[Na+] BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L na2so4 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 19
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diethylethanamine Substances CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004296 chiral HPLC Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 17
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- LKPFBGKZCCBZDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Hydroxypiperidine Chemical compound ON1CCCCC1 LKPFBGKZCCBZDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- PDMFXZMCTPHPKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[(5-aminooxysulfinyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)amino]-2-oxoethyl]-triethylazanium;bromide Chemical class [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC(=O)NC1=NN=C(S(=O)ON)S1 PDMFXZMCTPHPKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Copper(I) bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu] NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bis(pinacolato)diboron Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1 IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 101710043771 PDCL Proteins 0.000 description 13
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Chemical compound CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride Chemical compound CCN(CC)S(F)(F)F CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- JNWBBCNCSMBKNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N HATU Chemical compound F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F.C1=CN=C2N(OC(N(C)C)=[N+](C)C)N=NC2=C1 JNWBBCNCSMBKNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XFTQRUTUGRCSGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazin-2-amine Chemical compound NC1=CN=CC=N1 XFTQRUTUGRCSGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Chemical group CC1=NC=C(COP(O)(O)=O)C(C=O)=C1O NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- SNWNPXRUXXCDOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,7-dichloropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(Cl)=NC(Cl)=CC2=N1 SNWNPXRUXXCDOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- XDOFKUHHLNYRPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound OC1CCCCN1C([O-])=O XDOFKUHHLNYRPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- TVOJIBGZFYMWDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CNN=C1 TVOJIBGZFYMWDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopenta-1,4-dien-1-yl(diphenyl)phosphane;dichloropalladium;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].Cl[Pd]Cl.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
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- WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N salsalate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000953 salsalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000000306 sarcoidosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YOQDYZUWIQVZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium borohydride Substances [BH4-].[Na+] YOQDYZUWIQVZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QHJLLDJTVQAFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium meclofenamate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CC1=CC=C(Cl)C(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C([O-])=O)=C1Cl QHJLLDJTVQAFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ODGROJYWQXFQOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;boron(1-) Chemical compound [B-].[Na+] ODGROJYWQXFQOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGGHKNBCHLWKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;triacetyloxyboron(1-) Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)O[B-](OC(C)=O)OC(C)=O AGGHKNBCHLWKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000009076 src-Family Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010087686 src-Family Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940086735 succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfinate Chemical compound [O-]S=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KLTDXKJVANISAN-VIFPVBQESA-N tert-butyl (2S)-2-[methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl]morpholine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CON(C)C(=O)[C@@H]1CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCO1 KLTDXKJVANISAN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMIBWIAICVBURI-SSDOTTSWSA-N tert-butyl (3R)-3-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC[C@@H](N)C1 CMIBWIAICVBURI-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPWXYQIMXTUMJB-VIFPVBQESA-N tert-butyl (3S)-3-(aminomethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCC[C@@H](CN)C1 WPWXYQIMXTUMJB-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYGXZCRPVBPJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyrrole-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CNC2CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC21 NYGXZCRPVBPJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNWCETAHAJSBFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-bromoacetate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CBr BNWCETAHAJSBFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPWXYQIMXTUMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCCC(CN)C1 WPWXYQIMXTUMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSQWENQPOSRWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCC1N1N=CC(B2OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O2)=C1 QSQWENQPOSRWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWQLFIKTGRINFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCC(O)CC1 PWQLFIKTGRINFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPXPHCXLMWXYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl N-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NCN1CCCCC1 WPXPHCXLMWXYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWNMXMKLILKYOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl N-methyl-N-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C)=CC=C1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1 MWNMXMKLILKYOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWXPZXBSDSIRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCNCC1 CWXPZXBSDSIRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran THF Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical group [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001017 tolmetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001256 tonic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940083878 topical for treatment of hemorrhoids and anal fissures Corticosteroids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012049 topical pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHDIQVFFNDKAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropan-2-yl borate Chemical compound CC(C)OB(OC(C)C)OC(C)C NHDIQVFFNDKAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4985—Pyrazines or piperazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
-
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
-
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- A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
- A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
- A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
-
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- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
- A61K31/541—Non-condensed thiazines containing further heterocyclic rings
-
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- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
- A61K31/551—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having two nitrogen atoms, e.g. dilazep
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- A61K31/553—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. loxapine, staurosporine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
Abstract
Disclosed are pyridopyrazine compounds of formula (I) where the substituents are as defined herein, for example 3-(7-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-ylamino)propanamide and N-((1-methyl piperidin-3-yl)methyl)-7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-5-amine and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Also disclosed are methods of use of the compounds for example in the treatment of Syk kinase mediated diseases such as allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, systemic lupus, erythematosus, lymphoma, B cell lymphoma, T cell lymphoma, leukemia, myelodysplasic syndrome, anemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, granuloctopenia, pancytoia or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. sitions thereof. Also disclosed are methods of use of the compounds for example in the treatment of Syk kinase mediated diseases such as allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, systemic lupus, erythematosus, lymphoma, B cell lymphoma, T cell lymphoma, leukemia, myelodysplasic syndrome, anemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, granuloctopenia, pancytoia or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Description
Substituted Pyridopyrazines as Novel Syk Inhibitors
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to novel pyridopyrazine compounds
and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Also described are methods of use
thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Protein kinases, the largest family of human enzymes, encompass well over
500 proteins. Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) is a member of the Syk family of tyrosine
kinases, and is a regulator of early B-cell development as well as mature B-cell
activation, signaling, and survival.
Syk is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays critical roles in
immunoreceptor- and integrin-mediated signaling in a variety of cell types, including
B cells, macrophages, monocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils,
dendritic cells, T cells, natural killer cells, platelets, and osteoclasts.
lmmunoreceptors as described herein include classical immunoreceptors and
immunoreceptor-like molecules. Classical immunoreceptors include B-cell and T-cell
antigen receptors as well as various immunoglobulin receptors (Fc receptors).
Immunoreceptor-like molecules are either structurally related to immunoreceptors or
participate in similar signal transduction pathways, and are primarily involved in non-
adaptive immune functions, including, for example, neutrophil activation, natural killer
cell recognition, and osteoclast activity. lntegrins are cell surface receptors that play
key roles in the control of leukocyte adhesion and activation in both innate and
adaptive immunity.
Ligand binding leads to activation of both immunoreceptors and integrins,
which results in Src family kinases being activated, and phosphorylation of
immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in the cytoplasmic face of
receptor-associated transmembrane adaptors. Syk binds to the phosphorylated
ITAM motifs of the adaptors, leading to activation of Syk and subsequent
phosphorylation and activation of downstream signaling pathways.
Syk is essential for B-cell activation through B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling.
SYK becomes activated upon binding to phosphorylated BCR and thus initiates the
early signaling events following BCR activation. B-cell signaling through BCR can
lead to a wide range of biological outputs, which in turn depend on the
developmental stage of the B-cell. The magnitude and duration of BCR signals must
be precisely regulated. Aberrant BCR-mediated signaling can cause disregulated B-
cell activation and/or the formation of pathogenic auto-antibodies leading to multiple
autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases. Mice lacking Syk show impaired
maturation of B-cells, diminished immunoglobulin production, compromised T-cell-
independent immune responses, and marked attenuation of the sustained calcium
sign upon BCR stimulation.
A large body of evidence supports the role of B-cells and the humoral immune
system in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases. Protein-
based therapeutics (such as Rituxan) developed to deplete B-cells represent an
approach to the treatment of a number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Auto-antibodies and their resulting immune complexes are known to play pathogenic
roles in autoimmune disease and/or inflammatory disease. The pathogenic response
to these antibodies is dependent on signaling through Fc Receptors, which is, in turn,
dependent upon Syk. Because of Syk's role in B-cell activation, as well as FcR
dependent signaling, inhibitors of Syk can be useful as inhibitors of B-cell mediated
pathogenic activity, including autoantibody production. Therefore, inhibition of Syk
enzymatic activity in cells is proposed as a treatment for autoimmune disease
through its effects on autoantibody production.
Syk also plays a key role in FCεRI mediated mast cell degranulation and
eosinophil activation. Thus, Syk is implicated in allergic disorders including asthma.
Syk binds to the phosphorylated gamma chain of FCεRI via its SH2 domains and is
essential for downstream signaling. Syk deficient mast cells demonstrate defective
degranulation, and arachidonic acid and cytokine secretion. This also has been
shown for pharmacologic agents that inhibit Syk activity in mast cells. Syk antisense
oligonucleotides inhibit antigen-induced infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils in
an animal model of asthma. Syk deficient eosinophils also show impaired activation
in response to FCεRI stimulation. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors of Syk may be
useful for treatment of allergy-induced inflammatory diseases including asthma.
Syk is also expressed in mast cells and monocytes and has been shown to be
important for the function of these cells. For example, Syk deficiency in mice is
associated with impaired IgE-mediated mast cell activation, which causes marked
diminution of TNF-alpha and other inflammatory cytokine release. Additionally, Syk
inhibitors have been shown to inhibit antigen-induced passive cutaneous
anaphylaxsis, bronchoconstriction and bronchial edema in rats.
Thus, the inhibition of Syk activity can be useful for the treatment of allergic
disorders, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory diseases, such as: SLE,
rheumatoid arthritis, multiple vasculitides, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP),
myasthenia gravis, allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDs) and asthma. In addition, Syk has been
reported to play an important role in ligand-independent tonic signaling through the
B-cell receptor, known to be an important survival signal in B-cells. Thus, inhibition of
Syk activity may be useful in treating certain types of cancer, including B-cell
lymphoma and leukemia.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[009a] In one aspect the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I):
(R )
and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of
optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, -CN, hydroxyl, optionally
substituted C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
amino, and optionally substituted C -C alkoxy,
R is
heterocycle, aryl, or heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by one or more
6 7 8 9 7
groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -
6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7
C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -
10 11 5 6
NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally
substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted
heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally
substituted alkynyl,
R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally
n 2 n
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl,
or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a
4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing
an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl,
m is 0, 1 or 2,
n is 1 or 2,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide,
wherein each optionally substituted group above for which the substituent(s)
is (are) not specifically designated, can be unsubstituted or independently
substituted with one or more substituents independently chosen from C -C alkyl,
cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, heteroaryl, aryl-C1-C4 alkyl-, heteroaryl-C1-C4 alkyl-,
C -C haloalkyl-, -OC -C alkyl, -OC -C alkylphenyl, -C -C alkyl-OH, -C -C alkyl-O-
1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4
C -C alkyl, -OC -C haloalkyl, halo, -OH, -NH , -C -C alkyl-NH ,
1 4 1 4 2 1 4 2
-N(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkyl), -NH(C1-C4 alkyl), -N(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkylphenyl),
-NH(C1-C4 alkylphenyl), cyano, nitro, oxo, -CO2H, -C(O)OC1-C4 alkyl,
-CON(C -C alkyl)(C -C alkyl), -CONH(C -C alkyl), -CONH , -NHC(O)(C -C alkyl),
1 4 1 4 1 4 2 1 4
-NHC(O)(phenyl), -N(C1-C4 alkyl)C(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -N(C1-C4 alkyl)C(O)(phenyl),
-C(O)C1-C4 alkyl, -C(O)C1-C4 phenyl, -C(O)C1-C4 haloalkyl, -OC(O)C1-C4 alkyl, -
SO (C -C alkyl), -SO (phenyl), -SO (C -C haloalkyl), -SO NH ,
2 1 4 2 2 1 4 2 2
-SO NH(C -C alkyl), -SO NH(phenyl), -NHSO (C -C alkyl), -NHSO (phenyl), and
2 1 4 2 2 1 4 2
-NHSO2(C1-C4 haloalkyl), in which each of phenyl, aryl, heterocycle, and heteroaryl
is optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from halo, cycloalkyl,
heterocycle, C -C alkyl, C -C haloalkyl-, -OC -C alkyl, C -C alkyl-OH, -
1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4
C1-C4 alkyl-O-C1-C4 alkyl, -OC1-C4 haloalkyl, cyano, nitro, -NH2, -CO2H,
-C(O)OC1-C4 alkyl, -CON(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH2,
-NHC(O)(C -C alkyl), -N(C -C alkyl)C(O)(C -C alkyl), -SO (C -C alkyl), -
1 4 1 4 1 4 2 1 4
SO2(phenyl), -SO2(C1-C4 haloalkyl), -SO2NH2, -SO2NH(C1-C4 alkyl),
-SO2NH(phenyl), -NHSO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -NHSO2(phenyl), and
-NHSO (C -C haloalkyl).
2 1 4
[009b] In another aspect the invention relates to a composition comprising at least
one compound of the invention and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers,
diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier.
[009c] In another aspect the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for
treating a Syk kinase mediated disease comprising a therapeutically effective
amount of a compound of Formula (I) of the invention and a pharmaceutically
acceptable excipient.
[009d] In another aspect the invention relates to a medicament for treating a Syk
kinase mediated disease, wherein the medicament comprises a therapeutically
effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) of the invention.
[009e] In another aspect the invention relates to the use of a compound of Formula
(I) of the invention in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a Syk- mediated
disease in a subject in need thereof.
[009f] In another aspect the invention relates to a method for in vitro inhibiting a
Syk kinase, comprising administering to a system or a subject in need thereof a
therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) of the invention.
[009g] In another aspect the invention relates to a compound for use in a method of
medical treatment, wherein the method of medical treatment is for treating a Syk
kinase mediated disease, wherein the disease is selected from allergic asthma,
allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, systemic lupus
erythematosus, lymphoma, B cell lymphoma, T cell lymphoma, leukemia,
myelodysplasic syndrome, anemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia,
granuloctopenia, pancytoia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and wherein
the compound is a compound of Formula (I) of the invention.
[009h] Certain statements that appear below are broader than what appears in the
statements of the invention above. These statements are provided in the interests of
providing the reader with a better understanding of the invention and its practice. The
reader is directed to the accompanying claim set which defines the scope of the
invention.
Described herein is at least one compound of formula (I):
(R )
and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of
optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, -CN, hydroxyl, optionally
substituted C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
amino, and optionally substituted C -C alkoxy,
2 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9
R is -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R ,
8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
-NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -S(O)nNR R ,
optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally
substituted alkynyl;
or is cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by
6 7 8 9 7
one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR ,
6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7
-CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -
10 11 5 6
NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally
substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted
heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally
substituted alkynyl,
R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl,
or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a
4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing
an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally
n 2 n
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl,
m is 0, 1 or 2,
n is 1 or 2,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
wherein each optionally substituted group above for which the substituent(s)
is (are) not specifically designated, can be unsubstituted or independently
substituted with, for example, one or more, such as one, two, or three, substituents
independently chosen from C -C alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, heteroaryl,
aryl-C1-C4 alkyl-, heteroaryl-C1-C4 alkyl-, C1-C4 haloalkyl-, -OC1-C4 alkyl,
-OC -C alkylphenyl, -C -C alkyl-OH, -C -C alkyl-O-C -C alkyl, -OC -C haloalkyl,
1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4
halo, -OH, -NH , -C -C alkyl-NH , -N(C -C alkyl)(C -C alkyl), -NH(C -C alkyl),
2 1 4 2 1 4 1 4 1 4
-N(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkylphenyl), -NH(C1-C4 alkylphenyl), cyano, nitro, oxo, -CO2H,
-C(O)OC1-C4 alkyl, -CON(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH2,
-NHC(O)(C -C alkyl), -NHC(O)(phenyl), -N(C -C alkyl)C(O)(C -C alkyl),
1 4 1 4 1 4
-N(C1-C4 alkyl)C(O)(phenyl), -C(O)C1-C4 alkyl, -C(O)C1-C4 phenyl,
-C(O)C1-C4 haloalkyl, -OC(O)C1-C4 alkyl, -SO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO2(phenyl), -
SO (C -C haloalkyl), -SO NH , -SO NH(C -C alkyl), -SO NH(phenyl), -
2 1 4 2 2 2 1 4 2
NHSO (C -C alkyl), -NHSO (phenyl), and -NHSO (C -C haloalkyl), in which each
2 1 4 2 2 1 4
of phenyl, aryl, heterocycle, and heteroaryl is optionally substituted by one or more
groups chosen from halo, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, C -C alkyl, C -C haloalkyl-, -OC -
1 4 1 4 1
C alkyl, C -C alkyl-OH, -C -C alkyl-O-C -C alkyl, -OC -C haloalkyl, cyano, nitro, -
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4
NH2, -CO2H, -C(O)OC1-C4 alkyl, -CON(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH(C1-C4 alkyl),
-CONH2, -NHC(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -N(C1-C4 alkyl)C(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -
SO (phenyl), -SO (C -C haloalkyl), -SO NH , -SO NH(C -C alkyl), -SO NH(phenyl),
2 2 1 4 2 2 2 1 4 2
-NHSO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -NHSO2(phenyl), and -NHSO2(C1-C4 haloalkyl).
Also described is a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one
compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described
herein and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
Also described is a method of inhibiting the activity of Syk kinase comprising
inhibiting said activity with an effective amount of at least one compound and/or at
least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein.
Also described is a method of treating a subject with a recognized
inflammatory disease responsive to inhibition of Syk comprising administering to said
subject in recognized need thereof an effective amount to treat said disease of at
least one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
described herein.
As used in the present specification, the following words, phrases and
symbols are generally intended to have the meanings as set forth below, except to
the extent that the context in which they are used indicates otherwise. The following
abbreviations and terms have the indicated meanings throughout:
[014a] The term “comprising” as used in this specification and claims means
“consisting at least in part of”. When interpreting statements in this specification, and
claims which include the term “comprising”, it is to be understood that other features
that are additional to the features prefaced by this term in each statement or claim
may also be present. Related terms such as “comprise” and “comprised” are to be
interpreted in similar manner.
A dash (“-“) that is not between two letters or symbols is used to indicate a
point of attachment for a substituent. For example, -CONH2 is attached through the
carbon atom.
The term "alkyl" herein refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon,
containing 1-18, preferably 1-12, more preferably 1-6 carbon atoms. Examples of
alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-
butyl, and t-butyl. “Lower alkyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon,
containing 1-6, preferably 1-4 carbon atoms.
By “alkoxy” is meant a straight or branched alkyl group containing 1-18,
preferably 1-12, more preferably 1-6 carbon atoms attached through an oxygen
bridge such as, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-
butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy, 2-pentyloxy, isopentoxy, neopentoxy, hexoxy, 2-
hexoxy, 3-hexoxy, 3-methylpentoxy, and the like. Alkoxy groups will usually have
from 1 to 6 carbon atoms attached through the oxygen bridge. ““Lower alkoxy”
refers to a straight or branched alkoxy, wherein the alkyl portion contains 1-6 ,
preferably 1-4 carbon atoms.
The term “alkenyl” herein refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon,
containing one or more C=C double bonds and 2-10, preferably 2-6 carbon atoms.
Examples of alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, vinyl, 2-propenyl, and 2-
butenyl.
The term “alkynyl” herein refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon,
containing one or more C≡C triple bonds and 2-10, preferably 2-6 carbon atoms.
Examples of alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, 2-propynyl, and 2-
butynyl.
The term "cycloalkyl" refers to saturated and partially unsaturated cyclic
hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 12, preferably 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of
cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl,
cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. The ring may
be saturated or have one or more double bonds (i.e. partially unsaturated), but not
fully conjugated, and not aryl, as defined herein.
“Aryl” encompasses:
- and 6-membered carbocyclic aromatic rings, for example, benzene;
bicyclic ring systems wherein at least one ring is carbocyclic and aromatic, for
example, naphthalene, indane, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline; and
tricyclic ring systems wherein at least one ring is carbocyclic and aromatic, for
example, fluorene.
For example, aryl includes 5- and 6-membered carbocyclic aromatic rings fused to a
- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected
from N, O, and S, provided that the point of attachment is at the carbocyclic aromatic
ring. Bivalent radicals formed from substituted benzene derivatives and having the
free valences at ring atoms are named as substituted phenylene radicals. Bivalent
radicals derived from univalent polycyclic hydrocarbon radicals whose names end in
"-yl" by removal of one hydrogen atom from the carbon atom with the free valence
are named by adding "-idene" to the name of the corresponding univalent radical,
e.g., a naphthyl group with two points of attachment is termed naphthylidene. Aryl,
however, does not encompass or overlap in any way with heteroaryl, separately
defined below. Hence, if one or more carbocyclic aromatic rings are fused with a
heterocyclic aromatic ring, the resulting ring system is heteroaryl, not aryl, as defined
herein.
The term “halo” includes fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo, and the term
“halogen” includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
The term "heteroaryl" refers to
- to 8-membered aromatic, monocyclic rings containing one or more, for
example, from 1 to 4, or, in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, heteroatoms
selected from N, O, and S, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon;
8- to 12-membered bicyclic rings containing one or more, for example, from 1
to 4, or, in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S,
with the remaining ring atoms being carbon and wherein at least one heteroatom is
present in an aromatic ring; and
11- to 14-membered tricyclic rings containing one or more, for example, from
1 to 4, or in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S,
with the remaining ring atoms being carbon and wherein at least one heteroatom is
present in an aromatic ring.
For example, heteroaryl includes a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic aromatic
ring fused to a 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl ring. For such fused, bicyclic heteroaryl
ring systems wherein only one of the rings contains one or more heteroatoms, the
point of attachment is at the heteroaromatic ring.
When the total number of S and O atoms in the heteroaryl group exceeds 1,
those heteroatoms are not adjacent to one another. In some embodiments, the total
number of S and O atoms in the heteroaryl group is not more than 2. In some
embodiments, the total number of S and O atoms in the aromatic heterocycle is not
more than 1.
Examples of heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, (as numbered
from the linkage position assigned priority 1), 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, 2,3-
pyrazinyl, 3,4-pyrazinyl, 2,4-pyrimidinyl, 3,5-pyrimidinyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 2,3-pyrazolyl,
2,4-imidazolinyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl, thienyl,
benzothienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolinyl, pyridizinyl, triazolyl,
quinolinyl, pyrazolyl, and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline.
Bivalent radicals derived from univalent heteroaryl radicals whose names end
in "-yl" by removal of one hydrogen atom from the atom with the free valence are
named by adding "-idene" to the name of the corresponding univalent radical, e.g., a
pyridyl group with two points of attachment is a pyridylidene. Heteroaryl does not
encompass or overlap with aryl as defined above.
Substituted heteroaryl also includes ring systems substituted with one or more
oxide (-O ) substituents, such as pyridinyl N-oxides.
By “heterocycle” is meant a 4- to 12-membered monocyclic, bicyclic or
tricyclic saturated or partially unsaturated ring containing at least 2 carbon atoms in
addition to 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, and
nitrogen. “Heterocycle” also refers to 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring containing
one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S fused with 5-, 6-, and/or 7-
membered cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, carbocyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic ring,
provided that the point of attachment is at the heterocyclic ring. “Heterocycle” also
refers to an aliphatic spirocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected
from N, O, and S, provided that the point of attachment is at the heterocyclic ring.
The rings may be saturated or have one or more double bonds (i.e. partially
unsaturated). The heterocycle can be substituted by oxo. The point of the
attachment may be carbon or heteroatom in the heterocyclic ring. A heterocyle is not
a heteroaryl as defined herein.
Suitable heterocycles include, for example (as numbered from the linkage
position assigned priority 1), 1-pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 2,4-imidazolidinyl, 2,3-
pyrazolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl, 4-piperidinyl, and 2,5-
piperazinyl. Morpholinyl groups are also contemplated, including 2-morpholinyl and
3-morpholinyl (numbered wherein the oxygen is assigned priority 1). Substituted
heterocycle also includes ring systems substituted with one or more oxo moieties,
such as piperidinyl N-oxide, morpholinyl-N-oxide, 1-oxothiomorpholinyl and 1,1-
dioxothiomorpholinyl.
By “optional” or “optionally” is meant that the subsequently described event or
circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances
where the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not. For
example, “optionally substituted alkyl” encompasses both “unsubstituted alkyl” and
“substituted alkyl” as defined below. It will be understood by those skilled in the art,
with respect to any group containing one or more substituents, that such groups are
not intended to introduce any substitution or substitution patterns that are sterically
impractical, synthetically non-feasible and/or inherently unstable.
The term “substituted”, as used herein, means that any one or more
hydrogens on the designated atom or group is replaced with a selection from the
indicated group, provided that the designated atom's normal valence is not
exceeded. When a substituent is oxo (i.e., =O) then 2 hydrogens on the atom are
replaced. Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such
combinations result in stable compounds or useful synthetic intermediates. A stable
compound or stable structure is meant to imply a compound that is sufficiently robust
to survive isolation from a reaction mixture, and subsequent formulation as an agent
having at least practical utility. Unless otherwise specified, substituents are named
into the core structure. For example, it is to be understood that when
(cycloalkyl)alkyl is listed as a possible substituent, the point of attachment of this
substituent to the core structure is in the alkyl portion.
In some embodiments, “substituted with one or more groups” refers to two
hydrogens on the designated atom or group being independently replaced with two
selections from the indicated group of substituents. In some embodiments,
“substituted with one or more groups” refers to three hydrogens on the designated
atom or group being independently replaced with three selections from the indicated
group of substituents. In some embodiments, “substituted with one or more groups”
refers to four hydrogens on the designated atom or group being independently
replaced with four selections from the indicated group of substituents.
Compounds described herein include, but are not limited to, when possible, to
the extent that they can be made by one of ordinary skill without undue
experimentation, their regioisomers, their N-oxide derivatives, their optical isomers,
such as enantiomers and diastereomers, mixtures of enantiomers, including
racemates, mixtures of diastereomers, and other mixtures thereof, to the extent they
can be made by one of oridinary skill in the art by routine experimentation. In those
situations, the single enantiomers or diastereomers, i.e., optically active forms, can
be obtained by asymmetric synthesis or by resolution of the racemates or mixtures of
enantiomers or diastereomers. Resolution of the racemates or mixtures of
diastereomers, if possible, can be accomplished, for example, by conventional
methods such as crystallization in the presence of a resolving agent, or
chromatography, using, for example a chiral high-pressure liquid chromatography
(HPLC) column. In addition, when possible, such compounds include Z- and E-
forms (or cis- and trans- forms) of compounds with carbon-carbon double bonds.
Where compounds described herein exist in various tautomeric forms, the term
“compound” is intended to include, to the extent they can be made without undue
experimentation, all tautomeric forms of the compound. Such compounds also
include crystal forms including polymorphs and clathrates, to the extent they can be
made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue experimentation. Similarly, the
term “salt” is intended to include all isomers, racemates, other mixtures, Z- and E-
forms, tautomeric forms and crystal forms of the salt of the compound, to the extent
they can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue experimentation.
“Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” include, but are not limited to salts with
inorganic acids, such as hydrochlorate, phosphate, diphosphate, hydrobromate,
sulfate, sulfinate, nitrate, and like salts; as well as salts with an organic acid, such as
malate, maleate, fumarate, tartrate, succinate, citrate, acetate, lactate,
methanesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate, benzoate, salicylate,
stearate, and alkanoate such as acetate, salts with HOOC-(CH2)n-COOH where n is
0-4, and like salts. Similarly, pharmaceutically acceptable cations include, but are
not limited to sodium, potassium, calcium, aluminum, lithium, and ammonium.
In addition, if a compound described herein is obtained as an acid addition
salt, the free base can be obtained by basifying a solution of the acid salt.
Conversely, if the product is a free base, an addition salt, particularly a
pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, may be produced by dissolving the free
base in a suitable organic solvent and treating the solution with an acid, in
accordance with conventional procedures for preparing acid addition salts from base
compounds. Those skilled in the art will recognize various synthetic methodologies
that may be used without undue experimentation to prepare non-toxic
pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts.
A “solvate,” such as a “hydrate,” is formed by the interaction of a solvent and
a compound. The term “compound” is intended to include solvates, including
hydrates, of compounds, to the extent they can be made by one of ordinary skill in
the art by routine experimentation. Similarly, “salts” includes solvates, such as
hydrates, of salts, to the extent they can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art by
routine experimentation. Suitable solvates are pharmaceutically acceptable
solvates, such as hydrates, including monohydrates and hemi-hydrates, to the extent
they can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art by routine experimentation.
A “chelate” is formed by the coordination of a compound to a metal ion at two
(or more) points. The term “compound” is intended to include chelates of
compounds to the extent they can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art by
routine experimentation. Similarly, “salts” includes chelates of salts.
A “non-covalent complex” is formed by the interaction of a compound and
another molecule wherein a covalent bond is not formed between the compound and
the molecule. For example, complexation can occur through van der Waals
interactions, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions (also called ionic
bonding). Such non-covalent complexes are included in the term “compound” to the
extent they can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art by routine experimentation.
The term "hydrogen bond" refers to a form of association between an
electronegative atom (also known as a hydrogen bond acceptor) and a hydrogen
atom attached to a second, relatively electronegative atom (also known as a
hydrogen bond donor). Suitable hydrogen bond donor and acceptors are well
understood in medicinal chemistry (G. C. Pimentel and A. L. McClellan, The
Hydrogen Bond, Freeman, San Francisco, 1960; R. Taylor and O. Kennard,
"Hydrogen Bond Geometry in Organic Crystals", Accounts of Chemical Research,
17, pp. 320-326 (1984)).
As used herein the terms "group", "radical" or "fragment" are synonymous and
are intended to indicate functional groups or fragments of molecules attachable to a
bond or other fragments of molecules.
The term “active agent” is used to indicate a chemical substance which has
biological activity. In some embodiments, an “active agent” is a chemical substance
having pharmaceutical utility.
“Treating,” “treat,” or "treatment" or “alleviation” refers to administering at least
one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
described herein to a subject that has a disease or disorder, or has a symptom of a
disease or disorder, or has a predisposition toward a disease or disorder, with the
purpose to cure, heal, alleviate, relieve, alter, remedy, ameliorate, improve, or affect
cancer, the symptoms of the disease or disorder, or the predisposition toward the
disease or disorder. In some embodiments, the disease or disorder may be cancer.
In some embodiments, the disease or disorder may be an inflammatory disease.
The term "effective amount" refers to an amount of at least one compound
and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein
effective to "treat", as defined above, a disease or disorder in a subject responsive to
the inhibition of Syk. The effective amount may cause any of the changes observable
or measurable in a subject as described in the definition of “treating,” “treat,”
“treatment” and “alleviation” above. For example, in the case of cancer, the effective
amount can reduce the number of cancer or tumor cells; reduce the tumor size;
inhibit or stop tumor cell infiltration into peripheral organs including, for example, the
spread of tumor into soft tissue and bone; inhibit and stop tumor metastasis; inhibit
and stop tumor growth; relieve to some extent one or more of the symptoms
associated with the cancer, reduce morbidity and mortality; improve quality of life; or
a combination of such effects. An effective amount may be an amount sufficient to
decrease the symptoms of a disease responsive to inhibition of Syk kinase
The term "effective amount” may also refer to an amount of at least one
compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein
effective to inhibit the activity of Syk in a subject responsive to the inhibition of Syk..
The term “inhibition” indicates a decrease in the baseline activity of a
biological activity or process. “Inhibition of Syk” refers to a decrease in the activity of
Syk kinase as a direct or indirect response to the presence of at least one compound
and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein,
relative to the activity of Syk kinase in the absence of the at least one compound
and/or the at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The decrease in
activity may be due to the direct interaction of the at least one compound and/or at
least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein with the Syk
kinase, or due to the interaction of the at least one compound and/or at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein, with one or more other
factors that in turn affect the at least one kinase activity. For example, the presence
of at least one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof described herein, may decrease the at least one kinase activity by directly
binding to the Syk kinase, by causing (directly or indirectly) another factor to
decrease the at least one kinase activity, or by (directly or indirectly) decreasing the
amount of the at least one kinase present in the cell or organism.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Described is at least one compound of formula (I):
(R )
and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of
optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, -CN, hydroxyl, optionally
substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
1 6 3 6
amino, and optionally substituted C -C alkoxy,
2 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9
R is -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R ,
8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
-NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -S(O) NR R ,
n n n
optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally
substituted alkynyl;
or is cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by
6 7 8 9 7
one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR ,
6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7
-CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -
10 11 5 6
NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally
substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted
heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally
substituted alkynyl,
R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally
n 2 n
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl,
or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a
4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing
an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl,
m is 0, 1 or 2,
n is 1 or 2,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
wherein each optionally substituted group above for which the substituent(s)
is (are) not specifically designated, can be unsubstituted or independently
substituted with, for example, one or more, such as one, two, or three, substituents
independently chosen from C -C alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, heteroaryl,
aryl-C1-C4 alkyl-, heteroaryl-C1-C4 alkyl-, C1-C4 haloalkyl-, -OC1-C4 alkyl,
-OC -C alkylphenyl, -C -C alkyl-OH, -C -C alkyl-O-C -C alkyl, -OC -C haloalkyl,
1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4
halo, -OH, -NH , -C -C alkyl-NH , -N(C -C alkyl)(C -C alkyl), -NH(C -C alkyl),
2 1 4 2 1 4 1 4 1 4
-N(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkylphenyl), -NH(C1-C4 alkylphenyl), cyano, nitro, oxo, -CO2H,
-C(O)OC1-C4 alkyl, -CON(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH2,
-NHC(O)(C -C alkyl), -NHC(O)(phenyl), -N(C -C alkyl)C(O)(C -C alkyl),
1 4 1 4 1 4
-N(C1-C4 alkyl)C(O)(phenyl), -C(O)C1-C4 alkyl, -C(O)C1-C4 phenyl,
-C(O)C1-C4 haloalkyl, -OC(O)C1-C4 alkyl, -SO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO2(phenyl), -
SO (C -C haloalkyl), -SO NH , -SO NH(C -C alkyl), -SO NH(phenyl), -
2 1 4 2 2 2 1 4 2
NHSO (C -C alkyl), -NHSO (phenyl), and -NHSO (C -C haloalkyl), in which each
2 1 4 2 2 1 4
of phenyl, aryl, heterocycle, and heteroaryl is optionally substituted by one or more
groups chosen from halo, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl-, -OC1-
C alkyl, C -C alkyl-OH, -C -C alkyl-O-C -C alkyl, -OC -C haloalkyl, cyano, nitro, -
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4
NH , -CO H, -C(O)OC -C alkyl, -CON(C -C alkyl)(C -C alkyl), -CONH(C -C alkyl),
2 2 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4
-CONH2, -NHC(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -N(C1-C4 alkyl)C(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -
SO (phenyl), -SO (C -C haloalkyl), -SO NH , -SO NH(C -C alkyl),
2 2 1 4 2 2 2 1 4
-SO NH(phenyl), -NHSO (C -C alkyl), -NHSO (phenyl), and
2 2 1 4 2
-NHSO2(C1-C4 haloalkyl).
In some embodiments, R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo,
hydroxyl, -CN, optionally substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C
1 6 3 6
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted C1-C6 alkoxy.
In some embodiments, R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, -CN,
hydroxyl; or is chosen from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,
cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N-n-
propylamino, N-i-propylamino, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, each of which
is optionally substituted.
In some embodiments, R is independently chosen from hydrogen, hydroxyl,
and alkyl.
In some embodiments, m is 1.
In some embodiments, R is C -C aryl, 3-8 membered heterocycle, or 5-10
10
membered heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected
6 7 8 9 7 5 6
from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -
9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11
NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -
NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C
2 n 1 6 3 8
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted
-10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C -C aryl, optionally substituted
10
C -C alkenyl, and optionally substituted C -C alkynyl,
2 6 2 6
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the
atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted
with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted
lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl,
optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally
substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R is independently chosen from phenyl, naphthyl,
pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl,
thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl,
quinolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl,
homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, which is optionally
6 7 8
substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R ; or
n 2 n
selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl,
cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl,
pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl,
thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,
pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl,
benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which
6 7
is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -
8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl.
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R is chosen from
N N N N N N N
N N N
, , , , , , , , , , , ,
O S O S O S O S
N N N H
N N N N N
N N N N N
, , , , , , , , , , ,
O N S O N S N N N N
, , , , , , ,
N N N N N
N N N N
N N N
, , , , , , ,
N N N N
S S S
, , , , , , ,
N N N N
S N N
, , , , , , ,
N N N N
O O O O N
, , , , , , ,
N N N
N N N N
, , , , , , ,
N N N N
H H H H
H H H
N N N N
N N N
, , , , , , ,
N N N S
H H H
, , , , , , ,
N N N N S
, , , , , , ,
N N N N
N N N N
N N N N
, , , , ,and ,
which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -
7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R ; or
n 2 n
selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl,
cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl,
tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl,
thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,
pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl,
benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which
6 7
is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -
8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally
n 2 n
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl.
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R is chosen from
, , , , , ,
, , , and
, ,
which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -
6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9
NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -
8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11
NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -
n n 2
S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-
butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl,
pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl,
thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,
pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl,
benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which
6 7
is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -
8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally
n 2 n
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl.
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R is
which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -
6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9
NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -
8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11
NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -
n n 2
S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-
butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl,
pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl,
thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,
pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl,
benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which
6 7
is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -
8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl.
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R is
which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -
6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9
NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -
8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11
NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -
n n 2
S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-
butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl,
pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl,
thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,
pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl,
benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which
6 7
is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -
8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally
substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl.
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide..
In some embodiments, R and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C5-C10 aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and 3-8
membered heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted
6 7 8 9
with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -
7 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11
C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -
7 5 10 11 5 6
NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally substituted C -C
2 n 1 6
alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-8 membered
heterocycle, optionally substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted
C5-C10 aryl, optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, and optionally substituted C2-C6
alkynyl,
or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a
4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing
an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally
substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted
1 6 3 8
3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl,
optionally substituted C5-C10 aryl, optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, and optionally
substituted C -C alkynyl,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,
cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl,
pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl,
thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl,
quinolinyl, and pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl,
homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -
6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9
NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -
8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11
NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -
n n 2
S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-
butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl,
pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl,
thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,
pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl,
benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, C -C alkenyl,
C2-C6 alkynyl, each of which is optional substituted,
or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a
4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing
an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally
6 7 8
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -
9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8
C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -
10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6
NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R ; or
n 2 n
selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, optionally
substituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl,
cyclohexenyl, optionally substituted pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl,
piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl,
optionally substituted pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl,
imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl,
benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl , optionally substituted phenyl, naphthyl,
optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, and optionally substituted C2-C6 alkynyl, each of
which is optional substituted,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R is H and R is lower alkyl, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle and
heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen
6 7 8 9 7 5 6
from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -
9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11
NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -
NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl,
optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted
alkynyl,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide..
In some embodiments, R and R , together with the N atom to which they are
attached can form a 4-12 membered mono-cyclic ring optionally containing an
additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and N, which is optionally substituted
6 7 8 9
with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -
7 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11
C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -
7 5 10 11 5 6
NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower
alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally
substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and
optionally substituted alkynyl,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R and R , together with the N atom to which they are
attached can form a 7-14 membered fused bicyclic ring optionally containing an
additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and N, which is optionally substituted
6 7 8 9
with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -
7 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11
C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -
7 5 10 11 5 6
NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower
alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally
substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and
optionally substituted alkynyl,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, R and R , together with the N atom to which they are
attached can form a 7-14 membered spirocyclic ring optionally containing an
additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and N, which is optionally substituted
6 7 8 9
with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -
7 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11
C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -
7 5 10 11 5 6
NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower
alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally
substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and
optionally substituted alkynyl,
6 7 8 9 10 11
R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for
hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo,
hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower
alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower
alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle,
optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted
sulfonamide,
6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10
or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with
the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally
substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally
substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted
lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted
cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and
optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
In some embodiments, the optionally substituted lower alkyl is chosen from
CF3, CF2H, aminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, and haloalkyl.
Also described is at least one compound chosen from compounds 1 to 516
and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
The compounds described herein, and/or the pharmaceutically acceptable
salts thereof, can be synthesized from commercially available starting materials by
methods well known in the art, taken together with the disclosure in this patent
application. The following schemes illustrate methods for preparation of most of the
compounds disclosed herein.
Scheme I
base
(R )m
(R )m
H N X
(1) (2) (3)
R M (4)
(R )m
[Pd], base
As shown in Scheme I, compounds of formula (1), can react with compounds
1 2 3 1 2
of formula (2), wherein n, R , R and R are as defined herein, X and X are halo
chosen from Cl, Br or I, in the presence of a base, such as but not limited to K CO ,
Na2CO3, NaH, Et3N or diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), to give compounds of formula
(3) that can react with compounds of formula (4), wherein R is as defined herein, M
is chosen from boronic acid/ester or a tin substituted with C -C alkyl groups, under
the catalysis of a palladium reagent, such as but not limited to PdCl2, Pd(OAc)2
Pd (dba) or Pd(PPh ) , and a ligand, such as but not limited to Ph P, Bu P, 2,2′-
2 3 3 4 3 3
bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthalene (BINAP), 1,1'-
bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) or 1,3-bis(2,6-dipropylphenyl)-1H-imidazol
ium chloride, in the presence of a base, such as but not limited to K2CO3, Na2CO3,
Cs CO , NaH, t-BuONa, t-BuOK, Et N, or diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), to give
2 3 3
the compound of formula (I).
The compounds thus obtained can be further modified at their peripheral
positions to provide the desired compounds. Synthetic chemistry transformations
are described, for example, in R. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations,
VCH Publishers (1989); T.W. Greene and P.G.M. Wuts, Protective Groups in
Organic Synthesis, 3 Ed., John Wiley and Sons (1999); L. Fieser and M. Fieser,
Fieser and Fieser’s Reagents for Organic Synthesis, John Wiley and Sons (1994);
and L. Paquette, ed., Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, John Wiley
and Sons (1995) and subsequent editions thereof.
Before use, the at least one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically
acceptable salt described herein, can be purified by column chromatography, high
performance liquid chromatography, crystallization, or other suitable methods.
Also described is a composition comprising at least one compound and/or at
least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein, and at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
A composition comprising at least one compound and/or at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein, can be administered in various
known manners, such as orally, parenterally, by inhalation spray, or via an implanted
reservoir. The term “parenteral” as used herein includes subcutaneous,
intracutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, intraarticular, intraarterial, intrasynovial,
intrasternal, intrathecal, intralesional and intracranial injection or infusion techniques.
An oral composition can be any orally acceptable dosage form including, but
not limited to, tablets, capsules, emulsions, and aqueous suspensions, dispersions
and solutions. Commonly used carriers for tablets include lactose and corn starch.
Lubricating agents, such as magnesium stearate, are also typically added to tablets.
For oral administration in a capsule form, useful diluents include lactose and dried
corn starch. When aqueous suspensions or emulsions are administered orally, the
active ingredient can be suspended or dissolved in an oily phase combined with
emulsifying or suspending agents. If desired, certain sweetening, flavoring, or
coloring agents can be added.
A sterile injectable composition (e.g., aqueous or oleaginous suspension) can
be formulated according to techniques known in the art using suitable dispersing or
wetting agents (such as, for example, Tween 80) and suspending agents. The
sterile injectable Intermediate can also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension
in a non-toxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for example, as a solution in
1,3-butanediol. Among the pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles and solvents that
can be employed are mannitol, water, Ringer’s solution and isotonic sodium chloride
solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or
suspending medium (e.g., synthetic mono- or di-glycerides). Fatty acids, such as
oleic acid and its glyceride derivatives are useful in the Intermediate of injectables,
as are natural pharmaceutically-acceptable oils, such as olive oil or castor oil,
especially in their polyoxyethylated versions. These oil solutions or suspensions can
also contain a long-chain alcohol diluent or dispersant, or carboxymethyl cellulose or
similar dispersing agents.
An inhalation composition can be prepared according to techniques well
known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation and can be prepared as solutions in
saline, employing benzyl alcohol or other suitable preservatives, absorption
promoters to enhance bioavailability, fluorocarbons, and/or other solubilizing or
dispersing agents known in the art.
A topical composition can be formulated in form of oil, cream, lotion, ointment,
and the like. Suitable carriers for the composition include vegetable or mineral oils,
white petrolatum (white soft paraffin), branched chain fats or oils, animal fats and
high molecular weight alcohols (greater than C12). In some embodiments, the
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is one in which the active ingredient is soluble.
Emulsifiers, stabilizers, humectants and antioxidants may also be included as well as
agents imparting color or fragrance, if desired. Additionally, transdermal penetration
enhancers may be employed in those topical formulations. Examples of such
enhancers can be found in U.S. Patents 3,989,816 and 4,444,762.
Creams may be formulated from a mixture of mineral oil, self-emulsifying
beeswax and water in which mixture the active ingredient, dissolved in a small
amount of an oil, such as almond oil, is admixed. An example of such a cream is
one which includes about 40 parts water, about 20 parts beeswax, about 40 parts
mineral oil and about 1 part almond oil. Ointments may be formulated by mixing a
solution of the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, such as almond oil, with warm soft
paraffin and allowing the mixture to cool. An example of such an ointment is one
which includes about 30% by weight almond oil and about 70% by weight white soft
paraffin.
A pharmaceutically acceptable carrier refers to a carrier that is compatible
with active ingredients of the composition (and in some embodiments, capable of
stabilizing the active ingredients) and not deleterious to the subject to be treated.
For example, solubilizing agents, such as cyclodextrins (which form specific, more
soluble complexes with the at least one compound and/or at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein), can be utilized as
pharmaceutical excipients for delivery of the active ingredients. Examples of other
carriers include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, cellulose, sodium
lauryl sulfate, and pigments such as D&C Yellow # 10.
Suitable in vitro assays can be used to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy of
the at least one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt
described herein, in inhibiting the activity of Syk kinase. The at least one compound
and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein, can further be
examined for efficacy in treating inflammatory disease by in vivo assays. For
example, the compounds described herein, and/or the pharmaceutically acceptable
salts thereof, can be administered to an animal (e.g., a mouse model) having
inflammatory disease and its therapeutic effects can be accessed. Based on the
results, an appropriate dosage range and administration route for animals, such as
humans, can also be determined.
Also described is a method of inhibiting the activity of Syk kinase. The
method comprises contacting the at least one kinase with an amount of at least one
compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein
effective to inhibit the activity of the Syk kinase.
The at least one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable
salt described herein can be used to achieve a beneficial therapeutic or prophylactic
effect, for example, in subjects with an inflammatory disease or inflammatory
disorder. The term “inflammatory disease” or “inflammatory disorder” refers to
pathological states resulting in inflammation, typically caused by neutrophil
chemotaxis. Examples of such disorders include inflammatory skin diseases
including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis; systemic scleroderma and sclerosis;
responses associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (such as Crohn's
disease and ulcerative colitis); ischemic reperfusion disorders including surgical
tissue reperfusion injury, myocardial ischemic conditions such as myocardial
infarction, cardiac arrest, reperfusion after cardiac surgery and constriction after
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, stroke, and abdominal aortic
aneurysms; cerebral edema secondary to stroke; cranial trauma, hypovolemic shock;
asphyxia; adult respiratory distress syndrome; acute-lung injury; Behcet's Disease;
dermatomyositis; polymyositis; multiple sclerosis (MS); dermatitis; meningitis;
encephalitis; uveitis; osteoarthritis; lupus nephritis; autoimmune diseases such as
rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjorgen's syndrome, vasculitis; diseases involving
leukocyte diapedesis; central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disorder, multiple
organ injury syndrome secondary to septicaemia or trauma; alcoholic hepatitis;
bacterial pneumonia; antigen-antibody complex mediated diseases including
glomerulonephritis; sepsis; sarcoidosis; immunopathologic responses to tissue/organ
transplantation; inflammations of the lung, including pleurisy, alveolitis, vasculitis,
pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, diffuse panbronchiolitis,
hypersensitivity pneumonitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and cystic fibrosis;
etc. The preferred indications include, without limitation, chronic inflammation,
autoimmune diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rheumatoid spondylitis, gouty
arthritis and other arthritic conditions, multiple sclerosis (MS), asthma, systhemic
lupus erythrematosus, adult respiratory distress syndrome, Behcet's disease,
psoriasis, chronic pulmonary inflammatory disease, graft versus host reaction,
Crohn's Disease, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Alzheimer's
disease, and pyresis, along with any disease or disorder that relates to inflammation
and related disorders.
The at least one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable
salt described herein can be used to achieve a beneficial therapeutic or prophylactic
effect, for example, in subjects with an autoimmune disease. The term “autoimmune
disease” refers to a disease or disorder arising from and/or directed against an
individual's own tissues or organs, or a co-segregate or manifestation thereof, or
resulting condition therefrom. Examples of autoimmune diseases include, but are
not limited to, lupus, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis
(RA), psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma and idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura, and myeloid proliferative disorder, such as myelofibrosis,
PV / ET (Post-Polycythemia / Essential Thrombocythemia Myelofibrosis).
In some embodiments, the at least one compound and/or at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein, is administered in conjunction
with another therapeutic agent. In some embodiments, the other therapeutic agent is
one that is normally administered to patients with the disease or condition being
treated. For example, the other therapeutic agent may be an anti-inflammatory
agent or an anti-neoplastic agent, depending on the disease or condition being
treated. The at least one compound and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable
salt described herein, may be administered with the other therapeutic agent in a
single dosage form or as a separate dosage form. When administered as a separate
dosage form, the other therapeutic agent may be administered prior to, at the same
time as, or following administration of the at least one compound and/or at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein.
[082a] In some embodiments, the at least one compound and/or at least one
pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein, is administered in conjunction
with an anti-inflammatory agent. Nonlimiting examples of anti-inflammatory agents
include corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone propionate, beclomethasone dipropionate,
mometasone furoate, triamcinolone acetonide or budesonide), disease-modifying
agents (e.g., antimalarials, methotrexate, sulfasalazine, mesalamine, azathioprine, 6-
mercaptopurine, metronidazole, injectable and oral gold, or D-penicillamine), non-
steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (e.g., acetominophen, aspirin, sodium salicylate,
sodium cromoglycate, magnesium salicylate, choline magnesium salicylate,
salicylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, diflunisal, etodolac, fenoprofen
calcium, fluriprofen, piroxicam, indomethacin, ketoprofen, ketorolac tromethamine,
meclofenamate, meclofenamate sodium, mefenamic acid, nabumetone, oxaprozin,
phenyl butyl nitrone (PBN), sulindac, or tolmetin), COX-2 inhibitors, inhibitors of
cytokine synthesis/release (e.g., anti-cytokine antibodies, anti-cytokine receptor
antibodies, and the like).
In this specification where reference has been made to patent specifications,
other external documents, or other sources of information, this is generally for the
purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the invention. Unless
specifically stated otherwise, reference to such external documents is not to be
construed as an admission that such documents, or such sources of information, in
any jurisdiction, are prior art, or form part of the common general knowledge in the
art.
EXAMPLES
The examples below are intended to be purely exemplary and should not be
considered to be limiting in any way. Efforts have been made to ensure accuracy
with respect to numbers used (for example, amounts, temperature, etc.) but some
experimental errors and deviations should be accounted for. Unless indicated
otherwise, parts are parts by weight, temperature is in degrees of Centigrade, and
pressure is at or near atmospheric. All MS data were checked by Agilent 6120 and/or
Agilent 1100. All reagents, except intermediates, used in this invention are
commercially available. All compound names except the reagents were generated
by Chemdraw 8.0.
In the following examples, the abbreviations below are used:
Boc tert-butoxycarbonyl
Boc2O di-t-butyl-dicarbonate
CDI N,N'-Carbonyldiimidazole
DAST Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride
DCM dichloromethane
DMF N,N-dimethylformamide
DMAP 4-dimethylaminopyridine
DIPEA N,N-Diisopropylethylamine
EDCI 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)ethylcarbodiimide Hydrochloride
EtOAc/EA ethyl acetate
Et N triethylamine
HATU O-(7-azabenzotriazolyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetra-methyluronium
hexafluorophosphate
HOAc acetic acid
HOBt Hydroxybenzotriazole
mL milliliter(s)
min minute(s)
MeOH methanol
MsCl methanesulfonyl chloride
NaH Sodium hydride
PE petroleum ether
Pd(dppf)Cl2 1,1'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride
Pd2(dba)3 tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)
Pd(PPh ) tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)
PPh triphenylphosphine
TBDMSCl tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride
TMSNCO trimethylsilyl isocyanate
THF tetrahydrofuran
Intermediate 1
,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine
2 HN NH
H SO 2
2 4 H SO
Cl N Cl
Cl N Cl Cl N Cl
Fe, HCl
Glyoxal N
EtOH
EtOH-H O
N Cl
Cl N Cl
(A) N-(2,6-dichloropyridinyl)nitramide
2,6-dichloropyridineylamine (10.0 g, 61 mmol) was slowly added in concentrated
sulfuric acid (64 mL) at the rate to keep the internal reaction temperature <10 C.
The mixture was then cooled to -5 ºC and nitric acid (90%, 30 mL) was added
dropwise to keep the reaction temperature below 0 ºC over a period of 40 minutes.
The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ºC for 2 hours and then poured into ice-water
(500 mL). The title compound was isolated by filtration and dried in vacuo for the
next step.
(B) 2,6-dichloronitropyridinamine
N-(2,6-dichloropyridinyl)nitramide from the previous step was slowly added into
concentrated sulfuric acid (64 mL) at a rate sufficient to keep the internal reaction
temperature <40 ºC. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 100 ºC for 1 hour, and
poured into ice-water (300 mL), and basified with 6 M of NaOH solution (about 190
mL) to reach a pH= 9.5. The precipitates were collected by filtration and dried in
vacuo to give the title compound.
(C) 2,6-dichloropyridine-3,4-diamine
To a solution of 2,6-dichloronitropyridinamine in ethanol (150 mL) was added
iron powder (14.3 g, 0.255 mol), water (46 mL), and then concentrated HCl (28 mL).
The reaction mixture was then stirred at 95 ºC for 16 hours, cooled to room
temperature, and neutralized. The precipitates were collected by filtration and dried
in vacuo. The crude product was then treated with water (200 mL) and extracted with
EtOAc (3 x 200 mL). The combined extracts were dried over anhydrous Na SO ,
filtered, and concentrated to afford 7.85 g of the title compound (86.5% yield).
(D) 5,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine
A mixture of the solution of 2,6-dichloropyridine-3,4-diamine (7.85 g, 0.044 mol) in
ethanol and 40% glyoxal solution in water (26 g, 0.178 mol) was refluxed overnight.
It was then cooled to ambient temperature, and the precipitates were collected,
washed with EtOH, and dried in vacuo to give the title compound (7.32 g, 83% yield).
Intermediate 2
N,N-dimethyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)methanamine
Me NH
A mixture of 2-(4-(bromomethyl)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (200
mg, 0.673 mmol) and aqueous Me NH (4 mL) in THF (10 mL) was stirred at room
temperature overnight. It was then concentrated under reduced pressure to give the
title compound. MS (m/z): 262 (M+H) .
Intermediate 3
Morpholino(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)methanone
EDCI,HOBt
NEt ,CH Cl
3 2 2
To a solution of 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)benzoic acid (200 mg,
0.806 mmol) in CH Cl (10 mL) was subsequently added EDCI (232 mg, 1.21 mmol),
HOBt (163 mg, 1.21 mmol), morpholine (0.11 mL, 1.21 mmol), and Et3N (0.22 mL,
1.61 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, treated with
EtOAc/H O, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts were washed with
brine, dried over anhydrous Na SO , filtered, and concentrated. The residue was
purified by flash chromatography to give the title compound (207 mg, 81% yield). MS
(m/z): 318 (M+H)
Intermediate 4
N-ethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)benzamide
EDCI,HOBt
NEt , CH Cl
3 2 2 N
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 3
using instead 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)benzoic acid and
ethylamine. MS (m/z): 276 (M+H)
Intermediate 5
2-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane
To a solution of 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenol (150 mg, 0.682
mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added 60% NaH (136 mg, 3.41 mmol) and 2-bromoethyl
methyl ether (0.13 mL, 1.363 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at 50 ºC
overnight, cooled to ambient temperature, quenched with water, and extracted with
EtOAc. The combined extracts were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous
Na SO , filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash
chromatography to give the title compound (114 mg, 60% yield).
Intermediate 6
N,N-dimethyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenoxy)ethanamine
OH O
To a solution of 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenol (258 mg, 0.509
mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was added 60% NaH (204 mg, 5.09 mmol) and 2-chloro-N,N-
dimethylethylamine (220 mg, 1.527 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at 60
ºC overnight, cooled to the ambient temperature, quenched with aqueous NH4Cl,
and extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts were washed with brine, dried
over anhydrous Na SO , filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by
flash chromatography to give the title compound (100 mg, 29% yield).
Intermediate 7
tert-butyl piperidinylmethylcarbamate
Boc O
CH Cl
A solution of 4-aminomethylpiperidine (242 mg, 2.12 mmol) and di-tert-butyl
dicarbonate (Boc2O) (463 mg, 2.12 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL) was stirred at room
temperature overnight. The solution was then diluted with CH2Cl2, washed with brine,
dried over anhydrous Na SO , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to
give the title compound.
Intermediate 8
N-methyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridinamine
A mixture of 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine (200 mg,
0.84 mmol), methanamine (277 mg, 8.4 mmol), and DIPEA (0.35 mL, 2.01 mmol) in
dioxane (5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. It was then
concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was treated in EtOAc. The
insoluble solid was removed by filtration, and the organic solution was concentrated
under reduced pressure to give the title compound.
Intermediate 9
N,N-dimethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridinamine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of intermediate 8
except using 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine and
dimethyl amine.
Intermediate 10
N,N-diethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)benzenamine
A mixture of 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)benzenamine (100 mg,
0.45 mmol) and bromoethane (200 mg, 1.8 mmol), NaH (100 mg, 1.8 mmol) in THF
was stirred at room temperature overnight, and concentrated in vacuo to give the
crude title compound used for the next step. MS (m/z): 276 (M+H) .
Intermediate 11
1-(2-methoxyethyl)(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole
Br O
A mixture of 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole (200 mg,
1.03 mmol),1-bromomethoxyethane (280 mg, 2.01 mmol), and NaH (200 mg, 4
mmol) in THF (15 mL) was stirred at reflux for 24 hours, cooled to the ambient
temperature, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was treated with HCl(aq) and
extracted with EtOAc. The insoluble solid was removed by filtration, and the organic
solution was concentrated to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 253 (M+H) .
Intermediate 12
6-(dimethylamino)pyridinylboronic acid
Br B
N Br N N
(A) 5-bromo-N,N-dimethylpyridinamine
A solution of 2,5-dibromopyridine (10 g, 42.3 mmol) in aqueous dimethylamine (50
mL) was refluxed overnight. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue
was treated with EtOAc/PE. The precipitates were collected by filtration and dried to
give the title compound. MS (m/z): 201 (M+H) , 203 (M+H) .
(B) 6-(dimethylamino)pyridinylboronic acid
A solution of 5-bromo-N,N-dimethylpyridinamine (500 mg, 2.5 mmol) in THF (10
mL) was treated with n-BuLi (1.2 mL, 3 mmol) at -72 ºC for 2 hours. Triisopropyl
borate (705 mg, 3.75 mmol) was then added dropwise. After the completion of the
addition, the mixture was stirred at -72 ºC for an additional 1 hour and slowly warmed
up and stirred at the ambient temperature overnight. MeOH was carefully added, and
the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure to give the title compound. MS
(m/z): 167 (M+H) .
Intermediate 13
6-(pyrrolidinyl)pyridinylboronic acid
N HO
N Br
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of intermediate 12
using the corresponding reagents under appropriate conditions that will be
recognized by one skilled in the art. MS (m/z): 193 (M+H) .
Intermediate 14
4-(3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)morpholine
Br Br
B NH
DIPEA, THF
A solution of 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)benzenamine (164 mg,
0.75 mmol), 1-bromo(2-bromoethoxy)ethane (418 mg, 1.8 mmol), and DIPEA
(0.64 mL, 3.6 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was stirred at reflux overnight. The mixture was
concentrated, diluted with water, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts
were dried over Na SO , filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by
preparative thin-layer chromatography to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 290
(M+H) .
Intermediate 15
N-methyl(3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenoxy)acetamide
B OH
K CO , DMF
A mixture of 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenol (220 mg, 1.0
mmol), 2-chloro-N-methylacetamide (129 mg, 1.2 mmol), and K CO (207 mg, 1.5
mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was stirred at 80 ºC overnight. The mixture was poured into
water and extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts were dried over Na2SO4,
filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography to give the
title compound in the yield of 72%. MS (m/z): 292 (M+H) .
Intermediate 16
N-methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenoxy)acetamide
K CO , DMF
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of intermediate 15
using the corresponding reagents under appropriate conditions that will be
recognized by one skilled in the art. MS (m/z): 292 (M+H) .
Intermediate 17
3-methoxy(2-morpholinoethoxy)phenylboronic acid
B O HCl
K CO , DMF
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 15
using the corresponding reagents under appropriate conditions that will be
recognized by one skilled in the art. MS (m/z): 364 (M+H) .
Intermediate 18
tert-butyl methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)carbamate
NaH, THF
Under N , to a solution of tert-butyl 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenylcarbamate (500 mg, 1.57 mmol) in anhydrous THF(4 mL), was slowly
added sodium hydride (94 mg, 2.35 mmol) at 0 ºC. The mixture was stirred at room
temperature for 20 minutes, then cooled to 0 ºC. CH3I (445 mg, 3.13 mmol) was
slowly added. After the completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at
room temperature overnight, quenched with H2O, and extracted with EtOAc. The
combined extracts were concentrated, and the residue was purified by flash
chromatography to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 278 (M-56) .
Intermediate 19
1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)pyrrolidinone
Pd(dppf)Cl , Cs CO
2 2 3
Under N , to a solution of 1-(4-bromophenyl)pyrrolidinone (300 mg, 1.25 mmol)
and 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1,3,2-
dioxaborolane (381 mg, 1.50 mmol) in dioxane/H2O (10:1, 5 mL), was added
Pd(dppf)Cl •CH Cl complex (102 mg, 0.125 mmol) and cesium carbonate (489 mg,
2 2 2
1.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 24 hours. It was then
concentrated, and the residue was purified by chromatography to give the title
compound in 86% yield. MS (m/z): 288 (M+H) .
Intermediate 20
tert-butyl 2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl(methyl)
carbamate
B NH B N
Boc Boc
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 18
using tert-butyl 2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenylcarbamate. MS(m/z): 296 (M-56) .
Intermediate 21
2-fluoro-N,N-dimethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)aniline
B NH B N
The mixture of 2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)aniline (474
mg, 2 mmol), K2CO3 (828 mg, 6 mmol), and MeI (710 mg, 5 mmol) in DMF (10 mL),
was stirred at 100 ºC overnight. Then it was cooled and extracted by EA/H2O, the
organic layer was combined, washed by brine, dried over anhydrous Na SO , and
concentrated to give the crude compound in 93% yield. MS (m/z):266 (M+H) .
Intermediate 22
2-(4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane
Br O
O F O
A mixture of 1-bromo(difluoromethoxy)benzene (230 mg, 1.05 mmol),
4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (402 mg, 1.58 mmol), PdCl
(dppf) (20 mg), and Cs CO (682 mg, 2.1 mmol) in dioxane was sealed in a
microwave reaction cube and reacted at 180 ºC for 2 hours in a microwave reactor.
Then it was purified by flash column chromatography (PE/EA) to give the crude
compound.
Intermediate 23
,7-dichloromethylpyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine
HN NH
H SO 2
2 4 H SO
Cl N Cl
Cl N Cl Cl N Cl
O O Cl
Fe, HCl H
EtOH-H O
N Cl
Cl N Cl
(A) 2,6-dichloropyridine-3,4-diamine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 1.
(B) 5,7-dichloromethylpyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of reference
(HETEROCYCLES, Vol. 60, No. 4, 2003, pp. 925 – 932) using the corresponding
reagents under appropriate conditions that can be recognized by one skilled in the
art. MS (m/z): 214 (M+H) , 216 (M+H) .
Intermediate 24
tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate
Boc N N
HO N
O N 3
TBDMS
TBDMS
TBDMS
Boc Boc Boc
H N N HN N HN N
O O OH
TBDMS N Cl TBDMS N Cl
(A) 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl 5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine-1,3-
dicarboxylate.
To a solution of 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl 5-hydroxypiperidine-1,3-dicarboxylate (4.00 g,
.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (40 mL) was subsequently added imidazole (1.26 g,
18.5 mmol), DMAP (0.38 g, 3.1 mmol), and TBDMS-Cl (2.79 g, 18.5 mmol). The
reaction was stirred at room temperature for 40 h. The mixture was washed with HCl
solution (1 N), saturated sodium bicarbonate, and brine sequentially and dried over
anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtrated, and concentrated to give the title compound. MS
(m/z): 274 (M-Boc+H) .
(B) tert-butyl 3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)(hydroxymethyl)piperidine
carboxylate.
A solution of 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl 5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine-1,3-
dicarboxylate from step A in THF (100 mL) was treated with LiBH (0.84 g, 38.5
mmol) at 0 °C stirring for 2 hours, warmed to room temperature, and then treated
with citric acid (1 M) till pH= 4. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue
was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous
sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 246
(M-Boc+H) .
(C) tert-butyl 3-(azidomethyl)(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine
carboxylate.
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)(hydroxymethyl)piperidine
carboxylate from step B in dichloromethane (50 mL) was added triethylamine (4.67 g,
46.2 mmol) and methanesulfonyl chloride (2.65 g, 23.1 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction
mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours, then diluted with diethyl ether,
washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and brine, dried over anhydrous
sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was dissolved
in NMP. Sodium azide (3.00 g, 46.2 mmol) was added, and the resulting suspension
was stirred at 80 ºC overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc/hexane,
washed with brine, then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and
concentrated to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 271 (M-Boc+H) .
(D) tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine
carboxylate.
A solution of tert-butyl 3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)((methylsulfonyloxy)methyl)
piperidinecarboxylate from step C in EtOAc was hydrogenated under hydrogen
atmosphere with 10% Pd/C (500 mg) overnight. The catalyst was removed by
filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title
compound. MS (m/z): 345 (M+H) .
(E) tert-butyl 3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate.
A solution of tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine
carboxylate (4.74 g, 13.7 mmol), 5,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (2.75 g, 13.7
mmol) and DIPEA (2.12 g, 16.4 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was stirred at room
temperature for 48 hours. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and
the residue was treated with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4,
filtered, and concentrated to give the title compound.
(F) tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate.
A solution of tert-butyl 3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate from step E in THF (16 mL) was treated
with TBAF (5.17 g, 16.4 mmol) at room temperature for 2 hours, then diluted with
ethyl acetate, washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. The
residue was purified by chromatography to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 394
(M+H) .
Intermediate 25
tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
fluoropiperidinecarboxylate
HN N
HN N
N Cl
N Cl
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate (1.97 g, 5.0 mmol) in dichloromethane was added
DAST (4.03 g, 25 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2
hours, then diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, dried over anhydrous
sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified
by chromatography to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 396 (M+H) .
Intermediate 26
tert-butyl 5-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-3,3-
difluoropiperidinecarboxylate
Boc Boc
HN N
HN N HN N
HN N
OH F
N Cl
N Cl N Cl
N Cl
(A) tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
oxopiperidinecarboxylate.
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate (1.97 g, 5.0 mmol) in dichloromethane was added
Dess-Martin periodinane (2.54 g, 6.0 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction
mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, then diluted with ethyl acetate,
washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in
vacuo to give the title compound.
(B) tert-butyl 5-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-3,3-
difluoropiperidinecarboxylate
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
oxopiperidinecarboxylate from step A in dichloromethane was added DAST (8.06
g, 50 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then
was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, then dried over anhydrous sodium
sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by
chromatography to give the title compound (866 mg), MS (m/z): 414 (M+H) .
Intermediate 27
tert-butyl 5-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)fluoro-5,6-
dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate
Boc Boc
HN N
HN N HN N
HN N
N Cl
N Cl N Cl
N Cl
The title compound was obtained by the chromatographic purification of the crude
residue from the reaction of Intermediate 26 (B) (214 mg), MS (m/z): 394 (M+H) .
Intermediate 28
(R)(pyrrolidinyl)urea
2 NH
NH HN
(A) (R)-tert-butyl 3-ureidopyrrolidinecarboxylate
To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl 3-aminopyrrolidinecarboxylate (180 mg, 1 mmol) in
dichloromethane was added TMS-NCO (1g, 8.7 mmol) and DIPEA (1.2 g, 10 mmol).
The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, then was concentrated in
vacuo. The residue was treated with EtOAc/H O, the organic layer was combined,
washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated
to give the crude title compound.
(B) (R)(pyrrolidinyl)urea
(R)-tert-butyl 3-ureidopyrrolidinecarboxylate from step A was treated with HCl
solution (in EtOAc, 30 mL) for 2 hours. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo to
give the crude title compound. MS (m/z): 130 (M+H) .
Intermediate 29
tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-4,4-
difluoropiperidinecarboxylate
Boc HO N
O NH
TBDMS
TBDMS
HN N
H N N
N N 2
N Cl
TBDMS
TBDMS
HN N
HN N
N Cl
N Cl
(A) 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl 4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine-1,3-
dicarboxylate.
A mixture of methyl 4-hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate (3.18 g, 20 mmol), aqueous
sodium hydrogen carbonate (30 mL, 1 M), di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (4.37 g, 20 mmol)
and dichloromethane (30 mL) was stirred for 15 hours. The phases were separated
and dichloromethane phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtrated.
The filtrate was diluted to 200 mL. To the resulted solution was added imidazole
(1.64 g, 24 mmol), DMAP (0.488 g, 4 mmol), and TBDMSCl (3.62 g, 24 mmol)
sequentially. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 40 hours. The
mixture was washed with 1 N HCl solution, NaHCO3 solution and brine sequentially
and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Filtration and concentration gave the crude
compound which was used directly in the next step. MS (m/z): 274 (M-Boc+H) .
(B) tert-butyl 4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)(hydroxymethyl)piperidine
carboxylate.
A solution of 1-tert-butyl 3-methyl 4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine-1,3-
dicarboxylate from step A in THF (100 mL) was cooled at 0 ºC and then LiBH4 (1.10
g, 50 mmol) was added in. After stirring for 2 hours as the solution was warmed to
room temperature, the pH value was adjusted to 4 with 1 M citric acid. After removal
of the volatiles in vacuo, the product was extracted in ethyl acetate, washed with
water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Upon filtering and removal of
the volatiles in vacuo, tert-butyl 4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)
(hydroxymethyl)piperidinecarboxylate was obtained (8.82 g, 100% yield), which
was used directly in the next step. MS (m/z): 246 (M-Boc+H) .
(C) tert-butyl 3-(azidomethyl)(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine
carboxylate.
To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)(hydroxymethyl)piperidine
carboxylate from step B in dichloromethane (50 mL) was added triethylamine (6.06
g, 60 mmol) and methanesulfonyl chloride (3.43 g, 30 mmol) at 0 ºC. The reaction
mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The crude mixture
was diluted with diethyl ether, washed with sat. aq. sodium bicarbonate, brine, then
dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude
residue was dissolved in NMP (30 mL). Sodium azide (3.90 g, 60 mmol) was added
in and the resulting suspension was stirred at 80 ºC overnight. The reaction mixture
was diluted with EtOAc and hexanes, washed with water, brine, then dried over
anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, concerntrated to give the crude compound. MS
(m/z): 271 (M-Boc+H) .
(D) tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine
carboxylate.
The solution of tert-butyl 3-(azidomethyl)(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine
carboxylate in ethyl acetate from step C was hydrogenated under hydrogen
atmosphere with 10% Pd/C (500 mg) overnight. The catalyst was filtered and the
filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (6.2 g,
90% yield). MS (m/z): 345 (M+H) .
(E) tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate.
,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (3.6 g, 18 mmol) and DIPEA (2.8 g, 21.6 mmol)
was added to a solution of tert-butyl tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)(tert-
butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidinecarboxylate (6.2 g, 18 mmol) in THF (20 mL) and
the mixture was refluxed overnight. The volatile components were evaporated and
the residue was extracted with ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate was washed with brine
and dried. The solvent was removed and the residue was re-dissolved in THF (16
mL) and TBAF was added in. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature
for 2 hours. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, then
dried, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified by flash
chromatography to give the title compound (3.35 g, 47% yield). MS (m/z): 394
(M+H) .
(F) tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
oxopiperidinecarboxylate.
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate (3.35 g, 8.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) was
added Dess-Martin periodinane (4.33 g, 10.2 mmol) at room temperature. The
reaction mixture was stirred at that temperature overnight. The mixture was diluted
with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate,
filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was used directly in the next step.
MS (m/z): 392 (M+H) .
(G) tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-4,4-
difluoropiperidinecarboxylate
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
oxopiperidinecarboxylate from step F in dichloromethane (30 mL) was added
DAST (13.7 g, 85 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2
hours. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, then dried over
anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue
was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/petro ether) to give the title
compound (497 mg, 14% yield). MS (m/z): 414 (M+H) .
Intermediate 30 and 31
(S)- tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-4,4-
difluoropiperidinecarboxylate and (R)- tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-4,4-difluoropiperidinecarboxylate
HN N
HN N
HN N
chiral separation
N Cl
N Cl
N Cl
The racemic intermediate 29 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Intermediate 30 and 31 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALCEL
AD-H 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: CO2/MeOH =85/15; flow rate = 2 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (intermediate 30, Rf=6.79 min) was 98% ee,
MS (m/z): 414 (M+H) . and the second eluent (intermediate 31, Rf=7.06 min) was
98.7% ee, MS (m/z): 414 (M+H) .
Intermediate 32
2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyloxy)(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)pyridine
Br Br O O
N N O
Cl O
(A) 5-bromo(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyloxy)pyridine
tetrahydro-2H-pyranol (850 mg, 8.32 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (10 mL),
cooled to 0 ºC, NaH (500 mg, 10.4 mmol) was added and stirred for 45 minutes at
room temperature, then 5-bromochloropyridine (2 g, 10.4 mmol) was added and
the mixture was stirred overnight at 60 ºC. The mixture was poured into water,
extracted by EA, the organic layer was washed by brine, dried over Na2SO4,
concentrated and purified by flash chromatography, gave 1.7 g white solid. MS:
(m/z):258 (M-H) , 260 (M+H)
(B) 2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyloxy)(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)pyridine
-bromo(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyloxy)pyridine (500 mg, 1.93 mmol) and
4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (600 mg, 2.32 mmol) were
dissolved in dioxane (100 mL), Cs2CO3 (941 mg, 2.90 mmol) and dppf(PdCl2) (10 mg)
were added in, then the mixture was charged with N , stirred at 80 ºC overnight. The
solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was used directly in the next step.
MS (m/z): 306 (M+H)
Intermediate 33
6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)methoxy)pyridinylboronic acid
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 32
using 5-bromochloropyridine.
MS (m/z): 238 (M+H)
Intermediate 34
4-(2-(5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridin
yloxy)ethyl)morpholine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 32
using 5-bromochloropyridine.
Intermediate 35
6-(3-hydroxypyrrolidinyl)pyridinylboronic acid
DIPEA/NMP
O OH
6-(3-hydroxypyrrolidinyl)pyridinylboronic acid
To a solution of 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine (239
mg, 1 mmol) in NMP (2 mL) was added pyrrolidinol (174 mg, 2 mmol) and DIPEA
(500 uL, 3 mmol) , then the mixture was sealed in a microwave tube and heated in
microwave reactor at 180 ºC for 1.5 hours. TLC and LC-Ms showed the reaction had
completed and the desired compound was detected. The reaction mixture was
poured into 30 mL of H2O, and extracted with n-BuOH, washed with water and brine,
concentrated and purified on TLC (CH Cl :MeOH=10:1) to give a white solid. MS
(m/z): 209 (M+H)
Intermediate 36
2-methyl(5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridinyl)-
octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 35
using 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine. MS (m/z): 248
(M+H)
Intermediate 37
6-((2S,6R)-2,6-dimethylmorpholino)pyridinylboronic acid
(S)O
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 35
using 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine. MS (m/z): 237
(M+H)
Intermediate 38
N-methyl-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-
dioxaborolanyl)pyridinamine
2 H N
Pd/C, MeOH
O N K CO /CH CN
2 O 2 3 3 N O
O O B
NaNO /CuBr/aq HBr
PdCl (dppf)/KOAc/dioxane
(A) N-methylnitro-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)pyridinamine
To a solution of N-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyranamine (172.5 mg, 1.5 mmol) in
CH3CN (5 mL) was added K2CO3 (207 mg, 1.5 mmol) and 2-bromonitropyridine
(203 mg, 1 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 ºC for 16 hours. TLC and LC-Ms
showed the reaction had completed and the reaction was poured into water,
extracted with EA, washed with water and brine, dried and concentrated to give a
yellow solid. MS (m/z): 238 (M+H)
(B) N -methyl-N -(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)pyridine-2,5-diamine
To a solution of N-methylnitro-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)pyridinamine (217
mg, 0.92 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) was added Pd/C (0.5 g). The mixture was stirred
for 3 hours at 20 ºC under 1 atm. H2. The reaction was filtered and concentrated to
give dark red oil. MS (m/z): 208 (M+H)
(C) 5-bromo-N-methyl-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)pyridinamine
To a solution of N -methyl-N -(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)pyridine-2,5-diamine (150
mg, 0.73 mmol) in 2 mL of aq HBr was added a solution of NaNO (55 mg, 0.80
mmol) in 1 mL of H O at 0 ºC. Then the mixture was stirred at 0 ºC for 40 minutes.
After that, the mixture was poured into a solution of CuBr (220 mg, 1.53 mmol) in 2
mL aq HBr at 0 ºC, the reaction was heated to 60 ºC and stirred for 2 hours. After
cooling, the mixture was based with 2M NaOH to pH = 8~9 and extracted with EA,
washed with H2O and brine, dried and concentrated, purified on TLC (EA:PE=1:1) to
give white solid. MS (m/z): 273 (M+H)
(D) N-methyl-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-
dioxaborolanyl)pyridinamine
To a solution of 5-bromo-N-methyl-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)pyridinamine (125
mg, 0.46 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) was added KOAc (135 mg, 1.38 mmol), Pd
Cl (dppf) (50.5 mg, 0.069 mmol) and 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1,3,2-
dioxaborolane) (234 mg, 0.92 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 80 ºC overnight. The
reaction was filtered and concentrated to give crude product. The crude product was
purified on TLC (EA:PE=1:1) to give white solid. MS (m/z): 319 (M+H)
Intermediate 39
2-methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenoxy)propanol
Br O
K CO /DMF O O
OH 2 3
PdCl (dppf)/KOAc/dioxane
(A) 1-(4-bromophenoxy)methylpropanol
To a solution of 1-chloromethylpropanol (434.4 mg, 4 mmol) in DMF (10 mL)
was added K CO (552 mg, 4 mmol) and 4-bromophenol (346 mg, 2 mmol), the
reaction was stirred at 140 ºC for 48 hours. About of 10% 4-bromophenol was
remained and the reaction was poured into 30 mL of water, extracted with EA (20 mL
X 3), washed with 30 mL of water and brine, concentrated and purified on TLC
(EA:PE=1:3) to give yellow solid. MS (m/z): 196 (M-50)
(B) 2-methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenoxy)
propanol
To a solution of 1-(4-bromophenoxy)methylpropanol (437 mg, 1.78 mmol) in
dioxane (15 mL) was added KOAc (526 mg, 5.35 mmol), PdCl (dppf) (196 mg, 0.27
mmol) and 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (906 mg, 3.57
mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 ºC overnight. The reaction was filtered and
concentrated to give crude product. The crude product was purified on TLC
(EA:PE=1:4) to give white solid. MS (m/z): 292 (M)
Intermediate 40
N-methyl-N-(1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidin-
4-yl)acetamide
Pd/C, MeOH
NaH/THF
2 HN O
K CO /DMF
CH I 2
NaNO /CuBr/aq HBr
N O N
PdCl (dppf)/KOAc/dioxane
(A) N-(1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinyl)acetamide
To a solution of N-(piperidinyl)acetamide (341 mg, 2.4 mmol) in DMF (15 mL) was
added K2CO3 (331 mg, 2.4 mmol) and 1-fluoronitrobenzene (282 mg, 2 mmol) at
room temperature. The reaction was stirred at 80 ºC for 24 hours. After that, the
reaction was poured into 50 mL of water and extracted with EA ( 3 X 25 mL), washed
with H O (25 mL) and brine (25 mL), dried over Na SO and concentrated to give
2 2 4
yellow solid. MS (m/z): 264 (M+H)
(B) N-methyl-N-(1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinyl)acetamide
To a solution of N-(1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinyl)acetamide (568 mg, 2 mmol) in
THF (15 mL) was added NaH (60%, 200 mg, 5 mmol) at room temperature. The
reaction was stirred at 20 ºC for 15 minutes. After that, iodomethane (300 mg, 4
mmol) was dropped into the reaction and stirred at 60 ºC for 18 hours. The reaction
was treated with sat. NH4Cl solution and extracted with n-BuOH, washed with brine,
dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to give yellow solid. MS (m/z): 278 (M+H)
(C) N-(1-(4-aminophenyl)piperidinyl)-N-methylacetamide
To a solution of N-methyl-N-(1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinyl)acetamide (2 mmol) in
MeOH (30 mL) was added Pd/C (0.5 g) , then the mixture was stirred for 4 hours at
ºC under 1 atm. H . The reaction was filtered and concentrated to give gray
yellow oil. MS (m/z): 248 (M+H)
(D) N-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyl)-N-methylacetamide
To a solution of N-(1-(4-aminophenyl)piperidinyl)-N-methylacetamide (479.7 mg,
1.94 mmol) in 6 mL of aq HBr was added a solution of NaNO (147 mg, 2.13 mmol)
in 2 mL of H2O at 0 ºC, then the mixture was stirred at 0 ºC for 40 minutes. After that,
the mixture was poured into a solution of CuBr (584 mg, 4.07 mmol) in 6 mL aq HBr
at 0 ºC, the reaction was heated to 60 ºC and stirred for 2 hours. After cooling, the
mixture was based with 2M NaOH to pH= 8~9 and extracted with EA, washed with
H O and brine, dried and concentrated to give black solid. MS (m/z): 313 (M+H)
(E) N-methyl-N-(1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)
piperidinyl)acetamide
To a solution of N-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyl)-N-methylacetamide (~40%, 160
mg, 0.63 mmol) in dioxane (15 mL) was added KOAc (185 mg, 1.89 mmol),
PdCl2(dppf) (69 mg, 0.095 mmol) and 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl -2,2'-bi(1,3,2-
dioxaborolane) (320 mg, 1.26 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 110 ºC overnight.
The reaction was filtered and concentrated to give crude product. The crude product
was purified on TLC (CH2Cl2:MeOH= 50:1) to give white solid. MS (m/z): 359 (M+H)
Intermediate 41
1-(2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine
H N F
O N F 2
Pd/C, MeOH
O N F
2 HN
K CO /DMF
O O O
Br F B B
NaNO /CuBr/aq HBr
PdCl (dppf)/KOAc/dioxane
(A) tert-butyl 4-(2-fluoronitrophenyl)piperazinecarboxylate
To a solution of tert-butyl piperazinecarboxylate (1120 mg, 6 mmol) in DMF (25
mL) was added K2CO3 (828 mg, 6 mmol) and 1,2-difluoronitrobenzene (795 mg, 5
mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred at 80 ºC for 24 hours. After that,
the reaction was poured into 50 mL of water and extracted with EA ( 3 X 25 mL),
washed with H2O (25 mL) and brine (25 mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to
give yellow solid. MS (m/z): 226 (M-99)
(B) tert-butyl 4-(4-aminofluorophenyl)piperazinecarboxylate
To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(2-fluoronitrophenyl)piperazinecarboxylate (5 mmol)
in MeOH (30 mL) was added Pd/C (1 g), then the mixture was stirred for 18 hours at
ºC under 1 atm. H . The reaction was filtered and concentrated to give gray
yellow oil. MS (m/z): 296 (M+H)
(C) 1-(4-bromofluorophenyl)piperazine
To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-aminofluorophenyl)piperazinecarboxylate (885
mg, 3 mmol) in 8 mL of aq HBr was added a solution of NaNO (228 mg, 3.3 mmol)
in 2 mL of H O at 0 ºC, then the mixture was stirred at 0 ºC for 40 minutes. After that,
the mixture was poured into a solution of CuBr (905 mg, 6.3 mmol) in 8 mL aq HBr at
0 ºC. The reaction was heated to 60 ºC and stirred for 2 hours. After cooling, the
mixture was based with 2M NaOH to pH= 8~9 and extracted with EA, washed with
H2O and brine, dried and concentrated to give black solid. MS (m/z): 261 (M+H)
(D) 1-(2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine
To a solution of 1-(4-bromofluorophenyl)piperazine (309 mg, 1.2 mmol) in dioxane
(15 mL) was added KOAc (353 mg, 3.6 mmol), PdCl2(dppf) (132 mg, 0.18 mmol) and
4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1, 3,2-dioxaborolane) (610 mg, 2.4 mmol). The
mixture was stirred at 80 ºC overnight. The reaction was filtered and concentrated to
give crude product. The crude product was purified on TLC (CH Cl :MeOH= 20:1) to
give black solid. MS (m/z): 307 (M+H)
Intermediate 42
2-methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)morpholine
O N H N
Pd/C
(A) 4-(2-methylmorpholino)aniline
To a mixture of 1-fluoronitrobenzene (5.64 g, 40.0 mmol) and potassium
carbonate (11.1 g, 80.0 mmol) in DMSO (30 mL) was added 2-methylmorpholine
(4.05 g, 40.0 mmol), then the mixture was heated at 100 ºC for 4 hours. This solution
was poured on to water (300 mL) and extracted with EA (3 X 100 mL). The
combined organic phase was washed with brine and dried. Filtered and Pd/C (1.0 g)
was added to the filtrate, charged with H , and stirred at room temperature overnight.
The catalyst was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give product as a light
red solid. MS (m/z): 193 (M+H) .
(B) 4-(4-bromophenyl)methylmorpholine
To a solution of 4-(2-methylmorpholino)aniline (7.21 g, 37.5 mmol) in 100 mL HBr in
water (40%), a solution of NaNO (2.59 g, 37.5 mmol) in 15 mL water was added
slowly at -10 ºC~0 ºC. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and was added
dropwise to a solution of CuBr (2.96 g, 20.6 mmol) in 30 mL HBr in water (40%). The
resulting mixtrure was stirred and heated at 60 ºC for 2 hours. Then the reaction
solution was adjusted by 2N NaOH solution to pH> 7. Extracted by EA, the combined
organic phase was washed with brine, dried and concentrated to give crude product
as black oil. MS (m/z): 256 (M+H) ; 258 (M+3) .
(C) 2-methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)morpholine
A solution of 4-(4-bromophenyl)methylmorpholine (8.0 g, <31 mmol),
4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (10.3 g, 40.6 mmol), [1,1'-
Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) chloride (2.26 g, 3.1 mmol) and
potassium acetate (4.6 g, 46.5 mmol) in DMSO (80 mmol) was heated at 70 ºC
under N for 4 hours. After cooling the reaction was partitioned at EA and water. The
combined organic phase was dried and concentrated. Purification over silica gel
chromatography, eluting with EA/PE= 5/1, to give product as a light yellow solid. MS
(m/z): 304 (M+H) .
Intermediate 43
4-(2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)
methylmorpholine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 42
using 1,2-difluoronitrobenzene. MS (m/z): 322 (M+H) .
Intermediate 44
1-(4-(2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin
yl)ethanone
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 42
using 1,2-difluoronitrobenzene. MS (m/z): 349 (M+H) .
Intermediate 45
1-(ethylsulfonyl)(2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperazine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 42
using 1,2-difluoronitrobenzene. MS (m/z): 399 (M+H) .
Intermediate 46
(2S,6R)(2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)-2,6-
dimethylmorpholine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 42
using 1,2-difluoronitrobenzene. MS (m/z): 336 (M+H) .
Intermediate 47
1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)-1H-imidazole
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 42
using 1-fluoronitrobenzene. MS (m/z): 271 (M+H) .
Intermediate 48
N-methyl-N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)-tetrahydro-
2H-pyranamine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 42
using 1-fluoronitrobenzene. MS (m/z): 318 (M+H) .
Intermediate 49
1-(2-fluoro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)
methylpiperazine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 42
using 1,2-difluoronitrobenzene.
Intermediate 50
4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenylsulfonyl)morpholine
Br B
O NH
Cl O
(A) 4-(4-bromophenylsulfonyl)morpholine
To a solution of 4-bromobenzenesulfonyl chloride (2.56 g, 10.0 mmol) and
triethylamine (1.82 mL, 13 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) was added morpholine (960 mg,
11.0 mmol) dropwise and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature.
Then the mixture was concentrated and extracted with EA, washed with 0.1 M HCl
water solution ( 2 X 100 mL), NaHCO3 solution ( 2 X 100 mL) and brine, dried and
concentrated to give product as a white solid.
(B) 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenylsulfonyl)morpholine
To a solution of 4-(4-bromophenylsulfonyl)morpholine (3.06 g, 10 mmol) in DMSO
(20 mL) was added 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (3.3 g,
13.0 mmol), [1,1'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) chloride (730 mg,
1.0 mmol) and potassium acetate (1.47 g, 15 mmol). Then the mixture was heated to
70 ºC for 4 hours. After cooling the mixture was extracted with EA, wash with brine,
dried and purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with PE/EA=1/1 to give
product as a yellow solid. MS (m/z): 354 (M+H) .
Intermediate 51
N-methyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)benzenesulfonamide
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 50
using 4-bromobenzenesulfonyl chloride. MS (m/z): 298 (M+H) .
Intermediate 52
2-(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin
yl)ethanol
Br B
HCl N
N NH
(A) 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine
hydrochloride
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperazinecarboxylate (5.0 g, 12.9 mmol) in 5N HCl in EA (30 mL) was
stirred at room temperature overnight, then concentrated to give product as a off-
white solid, which was used for next step directly.
(B) 2-(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin
yl)ethanol
To a solution of 1-(4-(4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (500 mg, 1.54 mmol) and potassium carbonate
(430 mg, 3.1 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL) was added 2-bromoethanol (388 mg, 3.1
mmol), then the mixture was heated at 60 ºC overnight under an atmosphere of
nitrogen. Then the mixture was filtered over celite and washed with DCM,
concentrated to give poduct as a light brown solid. MS (m/z): 333 (M+H) .
Intermediate 53
2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazolyl)ethanol
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 52
using 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole. MS (m/z): 239
(M+H) .
Intermediate 54
1-(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin
yl)ethanone
O Cl
N NH
(A) 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine
hydrochloride
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperazinecarboxylate (500 mg, 1.29 mmol) in 5N HCl in EA (20 mL)
was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then concentrated to give curde product
as a white solid.
(B) 1-(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin
yl)ethanone
To a solution of 1-(4-(4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)
piperazine hydrochloride (419 mg, 1.29 mmol) and cesiumcarbonate (1.27g, 3.9
mmol) in THF (30 mL) was added acetyl chloride (0.5 mL, 6.5 mmol). Then the
mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, extraced with EA , washed with
NaHCO solution and brine. The organic solution was concentrated and purified by
flash column chromatography, eluting with PE/EA, to give product as a white solid.
MS (m/z): 331 (M+H) .
Intermediate 55
1-(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin
yl)propanone
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 54
using 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine. MS (m/z):
345 (M+H) .
Intermediate 56
2-(methylsulfonyl)(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperazinyl)ethanone
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 54
using 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine. MS (m/z):
409 (M+H) .
Intermediate 57
2-methoxy(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperazinyl)ethanone
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 54
using 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine. MS (m/z):
361 (M+H) .
Intermediate 58
2-hydroxy(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin-
1-yl)ethanone
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 54
using 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine. MS (m/z):
347 (M+H) .
Intermediate 59
cyclopropyl(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazin-
1-yl)methanone
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 54
using 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine. MS (m/z):
357 (M+H) .
Intermediate 60
1-(methylsulfonyl)(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperazine
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 54
using 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine. MS (m/z):
367 (M+H) .
Intermediate 61
1-(methylsulfonyl)(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol-
1-yl)piperidine
S Cl
O HCl
N N S
1-(methylsulfonyl)(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol-
1-yl)piperidine
To a solution of 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol
yl)piperidine hydrochloride (315 mg, 1.0 mmol) and triethylamine (303 mg, 3.0 mmol)
in DCM (15 mL) was added methanesulfonyl chloride (230 mg, 2.0 mmol) dropwise,
the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then the mixture was
extracted with EA, wash with brine, dried and purified by flash column
chromatography, eluting with EA/MeOH, to give product as light yellow solid. MS
(m/z): 356 (M+H) .
Intermediate 62
1-(4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazolyl)piperidin
yl)ethanone
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 51
using 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazolyl)piperidine
MS (m/z): 320 (M+H) .
Intermediate 63
6-(4-acetylpiperazinyl)pyridinylboronic acid
HO N
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 35
using 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine MS (m/z): 250
(M+H) .
Intermediate 64
6-(4-methylpiperazinyl)pyridinylboronic acid
HO N
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 35
using 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine
Intermediate 65
6-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepanyl)pyridinylboronic acid
HO N
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 35
using 2-chloro(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)pyridine
Intermediate 66
N-methyl-N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)methanesulfonamide
N-methyl-N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)methanesulfonamide
To a suspension of N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)methanesulfonamide (0.5 g, 1.7 mmol) and potassium carbonate (0.28 g,
2.0 mmol) in acetone (10 mL) was added methyl iodide (0.12 mL, 2.0 mmol). The
mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours under atmosphere of nitrogen,
then diluted with CH Cl (20 mL), filtered through a plug of diatomaceous earth,
rinsed with CH Cl and evaporated to give product as a ogg-white solid. MS (m/z):
312 (M+H) .
Intermediate 67
1-ethyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidine
MeCHO
NaBH(OAc)
1-ethyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidine
To a solution of 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidine in
THF was added MeCHO (40%, 0.17 mL, 1.48 mmol) and AcOH (45 mg, 0.74 mmol),
the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes. Then the NaBH(OAc)
(157 mg, 0.74 mmol) was added and stirred overnight. The reaction solution was
poured to NaHCO3, extracted with EA, dried and concentrated to give product as
white solid. MS (m/z): 316 (M+H) .
Intermediate 68
1-methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol
yl)piperidine
B O B
HCl-EA
HCHO, NaBH(AcO)
N N N
DCM/THF
(A) 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazolyl)piperidine
hydrochloride
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol-
1-yl)piperidinecarboxylate (8.2 g, 21.73 mmol) and 30 mL of HCl-EA (5.0 N) in 15
mL of EA was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The volatiles were removed in
vacuo to give 7.3 g of title compound.
(B) 1-methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol
yl)piperidine
A solution of 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole
hydrochloride (740 mg, 2.36 mmol) and Formalin (1.0 g, 11.80 mmol) in 10 mL of
DCM and 2 mL of THF, under N , was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then
the NaBH(AcO) (1.0 g, 4.72 mmol) was added to the mixture at 0 ºC. The mixture
was stirred at room temperature overnight. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and
the residue was purified by chromatography with MeOH/H2O (1:20~10:1) to give 620
mg of title compound. MS (m/z) = 292 (M+H) .
Intermediate 69
6-(1,4-oxazepanyl)pyridinylboronic acid
B B HO OH
O O B
N K CO
Pd(dppf)Cl , AcOK
O NMP
Dioxane
(A) 4-(5-bromopyridinyl)-1,4-oxazepane
The solution of 5-bromochloropyridine (1.5 g, 7.8 mmol), 1,4-oxazepane (1.29 g,
9.36 mmol) and K2CO3 in 15 mL of NMP was stirred at 120 ºC overnight. The
mixture was added to 150 mL of water, washed with EA, dried over Na SO , and the
volatiles were removed in vacuo to give 1.86 g of 4-(5-bromopyridinyl)-1,4-
oxazepane. MS(m/z) = 259 (M+H) .
(B) 6-(1,4-oxazepanyl)pyridinylboronic acid
A solution of 4-(5-bromopyridinyl)-1,4-oxazepane (600 mg, 2.33 mmol), 4,4,5,5-
tetramethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (1.18
g, 4.67 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl (286 mg, 0.35 mmol) and KOAc (687 mg, 6.99 mmol) in
ml of dioxane, under N2, was stirred at 110 ºC for 3 hours. The volatiles were
removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by chromatography with EA/MeOH
( 20:1~5:1) to give 165 mg of 6-(1,4-oxazepanyl)pyridinylboronic acid. MS (m/z)
= 223 (M+H) .
Intermediate 70
N,N-dimethyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperidinecarboxamide
2 NO
K CO
Me NH, HATU,
NaOH
DIPEA
MeOH/H O
O OH
Pd/C
Pd(dppf)Cl ,AcOK
HBr,CuBr, NaNO
MeOH N
Dioxane
(A) methyl 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate
A solution of 1-fluoronitrobenzene (3.5 g, 24.81 mmol), methyl piperidine
carboxylate (4.26 g, 29.77 mmol) and K CO in 40 mL of ACN, was stirred at reflux
overnight. The mixture was added to 150 mL of water, extracted with EA, dried over
Na SO . The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by
chromatography with PE/EA ( 10:1~2:1) to give 3.84 g of methyl 1-(4-
nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate.
(B) N,N-dimethyl(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxamide
A solution of methyl 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate (3.84 g, 14.53 mmol)
and NaOH (0.87 g, 21.79 mmol) in 15 mL of MeOH and 5 mL of water was stirred at
room temperature for 3 hours. The volatiles were removed in vacuo to give 1-(4-
nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxylic acid.
A solution of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxylic acid, (CH3)2NH (2.37 g, 29.06
mmol), HATU (11.05 g, 29.06 mmol) and DIPEA (7.51 g, 58.12 mmol) in 30 mL of
THF, was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was added to 20 mL of
water, extracted with EA, washed with water and brine, dried over Na2SO4. The
volatiles were removed in vacuo to give 4.2 g of N,N-dimethyl(4-
nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxamide. MS (m/z) = 278 (M+H) .
(C) 1-(4-aminophenyl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidinecarboxamide
A solution of N,N-dimethyl(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinecarboxamide (2.5 g, 9.01
mmol) and 0.3 g of Pd/C in 20 mL of MeOH, under H , was stirred at room
temperature for 5 hours. The mixture was filtered, and the volatiles were removed in
vacuo to give 1.9 g of 1-(4-aminophenyl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidinecarboxamide.
(D) 1-(4-bromophenyl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidinecarboxamide
A solution of 1-(4-aminophenyl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidinecarboxamide (4.2 g, 16.98
mmol) in 25 mL HBr in 20 mL of water was added a solution of NaNO2 (1.17 g, 16.98
mmol) in water (2 mL) slowly. The mixture was stirred at -10 ºC ~ 0 ºC for 30 minutes,
and added dropwise to a solution of CuBr (1.34 g, 9.34 mmol) in 12 mL HBr in water
(10 mL). Then the mixture was stirred at reflux for 2 hours. The mixture was
partitioned between 2N NaOH and EA, washed with EA, dried over Na SO . The
volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by chromatography
with PE/EA ( 15:1~2:1) to give 2.5 g of 1-(4-bromophenyl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidine
carboxamide.
(E) N,N-dimethyl(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperidinecarboxamide
A solution of 1-(4-bromophenyl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidinecarboxamide (500 mg,
1.61 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1,3,2-
dioxaborolane (916 mg, 3.21 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl (177 mg, 0.24 mmol) and KOAc
(475 mg, 4.83 mmol) in 20 mL of dioxane, under N2, was stirred at 110 ºC overnight.
The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by
chromatography with PE/EA ( 10:1~1:4 ) to give 326 mg of N,N-dimethyl(4-
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidinecarboxamide. MS
(m/z) = 359 (M+H) .
Intermediate 71
4,4,5,5-tetramethyl(4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane
Br B
NaNO2, CuBr
Pd(dppf)Cl /KOAc
DMSO
(A) 4-(4-bromophenyl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran
A solution of 4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)benzenamine (1.79 g, 10.10 mmol) in 15
mL of HBr and 5 mL of water was stirred at 0 ºC for 10 minutes, then 0.77 g of
NaNO was added to the mixture at -5 ºC~ 0 ºC. The mixture was stirred at -5 ºC for
minutes. Then the solution of CuBr in 3 mL of HBr was added to the mixture, after
that the mixture was heated at 100 ºC for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled to room
temperature, partitioned between 2N NaOH and EA, washed with water and
aqueous NaCl, dried over Na2SO4. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the
residue was purified by chromatography with PE/EA (10:1~4:1) to give 1.11 g of title
compound.
(B) 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl(4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-
dioxaborolane
A solution of 4-(4-bromophenyl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran (500 mg, 2.07 mmol), 4,4,5,5-
tetramethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (842
mg, 3.32 mmol)、Pd(dppf)Cl2 (303 mg, 0.41 mmol) and KOAc (610 mg, 6.21 mmol)
in 20 mL of DMSO, under N , was stirred at 90 ºC overnight. The mixture was added
to 100 mL of water, extracted with EA, dried over Na2SO4, The volatiles were
removed in vacuo, and the residues was purified by chromatography with PE/EA
( 30:1~5:1) to give 57 mg of title compound.
Intermediate 72
4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidine
hydrochloride
HCl-EA
(Boc) O
Pd(dppf)Cl /KOAc
N DMSO
Boc N
(A) tert-butyl 4-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate
A solution of 4-(4-bromophenyl)piperidine (2.7 g, 11.25 mmol) and di-tert-butyl
dicarbonate (2.5 g, 11.47 mmol) in 20 mL of DCM was stirred at room temperature
for 2 hours. The volatiles were removed in vacuo to give 4.6 g of tert-butyl 4-(4-
bromophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate.
(B) tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperidinecarboxylate
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate (3.38 g, 11.25
mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1,3,2-
dioxaborolane (4.57 g, 18 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl2 (2.47 g, 3.38 mmol) and KOAc (3.32 g,
33.75 mmol) in 60 mL of DMSO, under N , was stirred at 80 ºC overnight. The
volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by chromatography
with PE/EA ( 40:1~1:1 ) to give 3.81 g of title compound.
(C) 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidine
hydrochloride
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan
yl)phenyl)piperidinecarboxylate (3.0 g, 7.75 mmol) and 10 mL of HCl-EA (5.0 N) in
mL of EA was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The volatiles were
removed in vacuo to give 2.6 g of title compound. MS (m/z) = 288 (M+H) .
Intermediate 73
tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol
yl)piperidinecarboxylate
tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazol
yl)piperidinecarboxylate
To tert-butyl 4-hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate (402 mg, 2.0 mmol) in methylene
chloride (20 mL) and triethylamine (303 mg, 3.0 mmol) at 4 ºC was added
methanesulfonyl chloride (274 mg, 2.4 mmol) drop-wise. The reaction was brought to
ambient temperature and was stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was
concentrated in vacuo and diluted in diethyl ether (20 mL). The solution was washed
with 1N hydrochloric acid (3 mL), water (3 mL), and saturated sodium bicarbonate (3
mL). The organics were dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo to afford
tert-butyl4-(methylsulfonyloxy)piperidinecarboxylate in quantitative yield. The
product was used directly in the next step without further purification. A mixture of 4-
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole (427 mg, 2.2 mmol), tert-
butyl4-(methylsulfonyloxy)piperidinecarboxylate (2.0 mmol) , and cesium
carbonate (847 mg, 2.6 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was stirred at 100 ºC overnight. The
mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous NaHCO and extracted with EtOAc (3x).
The combined organic layers were dried over Na SO , filtered and concentrated to
provide crude pale yellow oil 884 mg. MS (m/z): 378 (M+H) .
Intermediate 74
1-cyclopentyl(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 73
using 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole.. MS (m/z): 263
(M+H) .
Intermediate 75
1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-
pyrazole
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 73
using 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)-1H-pyrazole . MS (m/z): 279
(M+H) .
Intermediate 76
tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
fluoropiperidinecarboxylate
O Boc NC Boc
NC Boc
Cl F
N HN N
N Cl N
H N N
N Cl
(A) tert-butyl 3-cyanohydroxypiperidinecarboxylate
To a solution of N-Bocpiperidone (5.00 g, 25.1 mmol) and THF (15 mL) was
added KCN (2.34 g, 37.6 mmol) and H O (15 mL) and the resulting solution was
cooled to 0 ºC. To the resulting homogeneous orange solution was added a
solution of NaHSO3 (1.25 g, 37.6 mmol) and H2O (15 mL). The resulting solution
was stirred at 0 ºC for 1 hour. The solution was twice extracted DCM and the
combined extracts were dried by Na SO , filtered and evaporated to afford title
compound 5.7 g as white solid. MS (m/z): 127 (M+H-Boc)
(B) tert-butyl 3-cyanofluoropiperidinecarboxylate
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-cyanohydroxypiperidinecarboxylate (5.7 g, 25.1
mmol) in DCM (50 mL) cooled to -78 ºC,DAST (4.85 g, 30.1 mmol) was added
drop-wise and the resulting solution stirred at -78 ºC for 1 hour. The reaction was
warmed to 0 ºC and stirred for an additional 1 hour. The reaction mixture was
diluted with DCM and quenched with sat. aq. NaHCO3. The combined extracts
were dried by Na SO , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford crude title
compound as a pale yellow oil 5.5 g. MS (m/z): 129 (M+H-Boc)
(C) tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)fluoropiperidinecarboxylate
To a stirred and cooled (0 ºC) suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (1.02 g,
26.8 mmol) in dry THF (50 mL) was added drop-wise a solution of tert-butyl 3-
cyanofluoropiperidinecarboxylate (5.50 g, 24.0 mmol) in dry THF (30 mL).
The reaction was stirred at 0 ºC for 1 hour then at room temperature for 3 hours.
The mixture was quenched with water (1.0 mL) at 0 ºC, and stirred at room
temperature for 20 minutes. Then 15% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (2.0
mL) was added, and stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes. Finally, water (1.0
mL) was added, and stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes. The mixture was
filtered through Celite pad washing with tetrahydrofuran (25 mL). The filtrate was
concentrated to afford the title product as pale yellow oil 3.86 g. MS (m/z): 233
(M+H)
(D) tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
fluoropiperidinecarboxylate
tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)fluoropiperidinecarboxylate (3.86 g, 16.6 mmol)
and DIPEA (3.22 g, 24.9 mmol) were added to a solution of 5,7-dichloropyrido[3,4-
b]pyrazine (3.32 g, 16.6 mmol) in THF (60 mL) and the mixture was refluxed
overnight. The volatile components were evaporated and the residue was
extracted with ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate was washed with brine and dried. The
solvent was removed in vacuo The crude residue was purified by silica-gel
chromatography eluting with Hexane-50% EtOAc/Hexane (gradient) then C
column to afford the subtitled compound as pale yellow solid 1.76 g. MS (m/z): 396
(M+H)
Intermediate 77
tert-butyl 2-(aminomethyl)thiomorpholinecarboxylate
S S NH
OH NH
Boc Boc
(A) tert-butyl 2-carbamoylthiomorpholinecarboxylate
4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)thiomorpholinecarboxylic acid (2.47 g, 10 mmol) and
HOBt (1.62 g, 12 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (20 mL), and EDCI (2.11 g, 11
mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour, and 25% aqueous
ammonia (5 mL) was added, and the reaction was stirred for another 2 hours. The
reaction was then diluted with EtOAc (200 mL) and partitioned with water (100 mL).
The organic layer was washed with saturated aq. NaHCO ( 2 x 100 mL), and then
dried with Na SO . The solvent was removed in vacuo to afford title compound as
white solid 2.46 g. MS (m/z): 147 (M+H-Boc)
(B) tert-butyl 2-(aminomethyl)thiomorpholinecarboxylate
A solution of tert-butyl 2-carbamoylthiomorpholinecarboxylate (2.46 g, 10 mmol)
in THF (80 mL) was cooled to 0 ºC. A solution of borane in THF (1.0 M, 40 mL, 40
mmol) was added over 15 minutes via addition funnel and the mixture was stirred
at ambient temperature for 72 hours. The reaction was quenched by dropwise
addition of methanol/acetic acid (18 mL, 9:1 v/v). The solvent was removed under
reduced pressure and the residue partitioned between ethyl acetate and sat.
aqueous Na2CO3. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and
combined extracts were washed with water, brine and dried over sodium sulfate.
Removal of the solvent under reduced pressure afforded the crude desired
material 2.11 g, which was used directly in the next step. MS (m/z): 233 (M+H)
Intermediate 78
(2S)-tert-butyl 2-(1-(7-chloropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazinylamino)ethyl)morpholine
carboxylate
O N (S)
(S) O N
N (S)
HCl O
N HN N
N Cl N O
H N N
2 (S) N
N Cl
(A) (S)-tert-butyl 2-(methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl)morpholinecarboxylate
A mixture of (S)(tert-butoxycarbonyl)morpholinecarboxylic acid (3.46 g, 15
mmol), DIPEA (7.75 g, 60 mmol), and N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine HCl (4.39 g, 45
mmol) in DCM (100 mL) was treated with EDCI (9.63 g, 45 mmol) at room
temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours and then poured into
saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with CH CI . The
combined extracts were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to provide
light yellow oil 3.5 g. MS (m/z): 175 (M+H-Boc)
(B) (S)-tert-butyl 2-acetylmorpholinecarboxylate
(S)-tert-butyl 2-(methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl)morpholinecarboxylate obtained
above was dissolved in THF (60 mL) at room temperature under nitrogen and
cooled to 0 ºC. Methylmagnesium bromide (3.0 M solution in diethyl ether, 15 mL,
45 mmol) was added in portions. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ºC for 1
hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred for 16 hours. The
mixture was again cooled to 0 ºC and saturated aqueous ammonium chloride
solution was slowly added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc, and the
extracts were washed with brine, dried over MgSO , filtered and concentrated to
provide 2.29 g of crude (S)-tert-butyl 2-acetylmorpholinecarboxylate as yellow
oil that was used without further purification. MS (m/z): 130 (M+H-Boc)
(C) (2S)-tert-butyl 2-(1-(7-chloropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin
ylamino)ethyl)morpholinecarboxylate
A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl 2-acetylmorpholinecarboxylate (2.29 g, 10.0 mmol),
ammonium acetate (7.70 g, 100 mmol), sodium cyanoborohydride (0.94 g, 15.0
mmol), and 5 angstrom molecular sieves (10 g) in methanol (50 mL) was stirred at
room temperature under nitrogen for 16 hours. The sieves were removed by
filtration and the filtrate was concentrated. A solution of 1 N NaOH was added until
the pH reached 12. The mixture was extracted with CH CI and the combined
extracts were dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The resulting light
yellow oil (2.17 g) was dissolved in THF (40 mL) and 5,7-dichloropyrido[3,4-
b]pyrazine (2.00 g, 10.0 mmol) and DIPEA (1.94 g, 15.0 mmol) were added. The
mixture was heated to reflux for 48 hours. The volatile components were
evaporated and the residue was extracted with ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate was
washed with brine and dried. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The crude
residue was purified by silica-gel chromatography eluting with Hexane-50%
EtOAc/Hexane (gradient) then C18 column to afford the subtitled compound as
brown oil 450 mg. MS (m/z): 394 (M+H)
Intermediate 79
2-(1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidin
yl)propanol
H N Br
N N N
O OH
OH OH
(A) 1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinecarboxylic acid
To a solution of ethyl 1-(4-aminophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate (2.48 g, 10 mmol)
in 40 mL of HBr 40%, a solution of NaNO2 (0.69 g, 10 mmol) in 7 mL of water was
slowly added at 0 ºC. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and added to a
solution of CuBr (0.79 g, 5.5 mmol) in 30 mL of HBr 40%. The resulting mixture
was stirred and refluxed for 2 hours. The suspension thus obtained was partitioned
between 2N NaOH and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with aqueous
NaCl, dried over Na SO and concentrated to afford crude title compound 1.56 g.
MS (m/z): 286 (M+2)
(B) ethyl 1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate
To a stirred solution of 1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinecarboxylic acid (1.56 g, 5.5
mmol) in absolute ethanol (30 mL) was cooled to 0 ºC and SOCl (1.18 g, 10 mmol)
added drop-wise. The mixture was stirred to room temperature and heated to
reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo and the residue
dissolved in saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO (50 mL). The aqueous
solution was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 30 mL). The organic extracts was dried
over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica
gel column chromatography (eluent; ethyl acetate: hexane = 1:1) to yield the title
compound pale brown oil 1.08 g. MS (m/z): 314 (M+2)
(C) 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyl)propanol
Ethyl 1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinecarboxylate (1.08 g, 3.5 mmol) was dissolved
in THF (20 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere; methyl magnesium bromide (3.0 M
solution in diethyl ether, 3.5 mL, 10.5 mmol) was added drop-wise while cooled
with an ice water bath; and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature
overnight. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and the
saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride. The organic layer was washed
with brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed in
vacuo to yield the desired compound (1.0 g) as white solid. MS (m/z): 300 (M+2)
(D) 2-(1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidin
yl)propanol
To a solution of 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyl)propanol (1.0 g, 3.3 mmol)
in DMSO (20 mL) was added bis-pinacolatodiboron (1.15 g, 4.5 mmol) and KOAc
(515 mg, 5.3 mmol). The reaction was degassed under vacuum for 30 minutes.
then the flask was flushed N2. Pd(dppf)Cl2 (292 mg, 0.4 mmol) was added, then
the reaction was heated to 70 ºC for 20 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture
was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The aqueous layer was
extracted with additional ethyl acetate. The organic layers were combined, dried,
filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica-gel column
to afford title compound as pale yellow solid 590 mg. MS (m/z): 346 (M+H)
Intermediate 80
2-(1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidin
yloxy)ethanol
2 HN
Br O
O OH
(A) 1-(4-aminophenyl)piperidinol
To a mixture of 1-fluoronitrobenzene (2.82 g, 20 mmol) and K CO (6.92 g, 50
mmol) in dimethyl sulfoxide (20 mL) was added piperidinol (2.22 g, 22 mmol)
and the reaction was heated to 100 ºC for 4 hours. This solution was poured into
200 ml of water and extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL x 3). The organic phase
was combined and washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium
sulfate. The solid was filtered and the filtrate, 10% Pd/C (100 mg) was added and
the mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature
overnight. The catalyst was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to afford tan
solid 3.7 g. MS (m/z): 193 (M+H)
(B) 1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinol
To a solution of 1-(4-aminophenyl)piperidinol (3.7 g, 319 mmol) in 60 mL of HBr
48%, a solution of NaNO (1.38 g, 20 mmol) in 15 mL of water was slowly added
at 0 ºC. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and added to a solution of CuBr
(1.57 g, 11 mmol) in 50 mL of HBr 48%. The resulting mixture was stirred and
refluxed for 2 hours. The suspension thus obtained was partitioned between 2N
NaOH and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with aqueous NaCl, dried
over Na2SO4 and concentrated to afford crude compound as grey solid 4.6 g. MS
(m/z): 256 (M)
(C) tert-butyl 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyloxy)acetate
Tetrabutylammonium bromide (1.06 g, 3.3 mmol) is added to a solution of 1-(4-
bromophenyl)piperidinol (2.56 g, 10 mmol) in toluene (30 mL). The reaction
mixture was cooled to 0 ºC and aq. 35% sodium hydroxide (30 mL) was added
followed by a drop-wise addition of tert-butyl bromoacetate (2.92 g, 15 mmol). The
mixture was then allowed to reach room temperature and was stirred for 17 hours
at this temperature. The layers were separated and the organic layer was washed
twice with water (4 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated under vacuum
and co-evaporated with petroleum ether. Purification of the crude material by flash
column chromatography on silica gel (0 - 20% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether)
yielded the desired pure material 3.08 g as pale yellow solid. MS (m/z): 372 (M+2)
(D) 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyloxy)ethanol
To a stirred solution of tert-butyl 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyloxy)acetate
(3.08 g, 8.3 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at -10 ºC under nitrogen was added lithium
aluminum hydride (0.57 g, 15 mmol). After 2 hours, the reaction mixture was
quenched by sequential addition of water (0.6 mL), 15 percent aqueous sodium
hydroxide solution (1.8 mL) and water (0.6 mL). The resulting mixture was filtered
and concentrated under vacuum to provide the crude 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)
piperidinyloxy)ethanol 2.16 g. MS (m/z): 302 (M+2)
(E) 2-(1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperidin
yloxy)ethanol
To a solution of 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinyloxy)ethanol (2.16 g, 7.2 mmol)
in DMSO (50 mL) was added bis-pinacolatodiboron (2.54 g, 10 mmol) and KOAc
(1.17 g, 12 mmol). The reaction was degassed under vacuum for 30 minutes. then
the flask was flushed N2. Pd(dppf)Cl2 (732 mg, 1.0 mmol) was added, then the
reaction was heated to 70 ºC for 20 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was
partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The aqueous layer was extracted
with additional ethyl acetate. The organic layers were combined, dried, filtered,
and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica-gel column (0 - 70%
ethyl acetate in petroleum ether) to afford title compound as pale yellow solid 920
mg. MS (m/z): 348 (M+H)
Intermediate 81
(R)(2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholino)-2,2-
difluoroethanone
HN NH
HN N F
HN N
N N O F
N Cl
N Cl
N Cl
(R)(2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholino)-2,2-
difluoroethanone
The (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholine
carboxylate (3.00 g, 8.0 mmol) was dissolved in the solution of HCl in ethyl acetate
(20 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours until TLC
indicated Boc group was removed. The volatile materials were removed in vacuo
and the residues were dissolved in dichloromethane. To the solution, difluoroacetic
acid (1.15 g, 12 mmol), HATU (7.60 g, 20.0 mmol) and DIPEA (6.20 g, 48.0 mmol)
were added subsequently and stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture
was purified by C18 column chromatography to give the desired amide as yellow
solid (2.1 g). MS (m/z): 358 (M+H)
Intermediate 82
(R)chloro-N-((4-(methylsulfonyl)morpholinyl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-amine
HN N O
N Cl
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Intermediate 81
using the same starting material. . MS (m/z): 358 (M+H) .
Intermediate 83
6-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinone
O O HO NBn
H N NBn
HN NH
N Cl
H N NH
N NBn Bn N NH 2
N Cl
(A) 2-(3-(dibenzylamino)hydroxypropyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione
A mixture of 2-(oxiranylmethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (4.06 g, 20.0 mmol) and
dibenzylamine (5.0 g, 25.4 mmol) was stirred at 80 ºC overnight. EtOH (50 mL) was
added, and stirred at room temperature. The mixture was filtered to give white solid
(4.5 g).
(B) 1-amino(dibenzylamino)propanol
A solution of 2-(3-(dibenzylamino)hydroxypropyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (4.5 g,
11.25 mmol) in conc.HCl (50 mL) was stirred at 120 ºC overnight. After cooling to
room temperature, the mixture was filtered. And the filtrate was extracted with CHCl .
The aqueous layer was added aq. 30% NaOH until pH was above 7, then the
solution was extracted with CH2Cl2, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to give
yellow solid (3.0 g).
(C) 2-chloro-N-(3-(dibenzylamino)hydroxypropyl)acetamide
A solution of 2-chloroacetyl chloride (1.25 g, 10.96 mmol) in CHCl3 was added to the
solution of 1-amino(dibenzylamino)propanol (2.5 g, 9.26 mmol) in CHCl3 (50
mL) in ice-bath. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour, then stirred at room temperature
for 2 hours. The organic layer concentrated, the residue was purified by column to
give white solid.
(D) 6-((dibenzylamino)methyl)morpholinone
A solution of 2-chloro-N-(3-(dibenzylamino)hydroxypropyl)acetamide (1.0 g, 2.49
mmol), t-BuOK (0.39 g, 3.57 mmol) in t-BuOH (30 mL) was stirred at reflux overnight.
After concentration, the residue was purified by column chromatography to give
product as white solid.
(E) 6-(aminomethyl)morpholinone
A solution of 6-((dibenzylamino)methyl)morpholinone (340 mg, 1.09 mmol),
Pd(OH) /C (170 mg) in EtOH (30 mL) was stirred equipped under H balloon
overnight. The solution was filtered and concentrated to give white oil. The crude
product was used directly for next step without purification.
(F) 6-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinone
A solution of 6-(aminomethyl)morpholinone (130 mg, 1 mmol), 5,7-
dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (200 mg, 1 mmol) and DIEA (260 mg, 2 mmol) in THF
(20 mL) was stirred at reflux overnight. After concentration, the residue was purified
by column chromatography to give product as yellow solid (100 mg).
Example 1
Synthesis of Compounds 1-516
Compound 1
((R)(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-(piperidinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
amine
HN N
Boc DIPEA
N H N N
2 (S)
N Cl
N Cl
HN N HN NH
(S) (R)
PdCl (dppf)
2 N N
Cs CO
(A) (S)-tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)piperidine-
1-carboxylate.
A solution of (S)-tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinecarboxylate (100 mg, 0.5
mmol), 5,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (100 mg, 0.5 mmol) and DIPEA (77 mg, 0.6
mmol) in THF (5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The volatiles were
removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was treated with ethyl acetate,
with brine, and concentrated to give the crude title compound.
(B) (S)-tert-butyl 3-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate.
A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate (0.15 mmol), 4-morpholinophenylboronic
acid (0.23 mmol), PdCl (dppf) (0.015 mmol) and Cs CO (0.30 mmol) in
2 2 3
dimethoxyethane/ethanol was sealed in a microwave reaction and stirred at 160 ºC
for 45 minutes in a microwave reactor. The mixture was cooled to room temperature,
concentrated, and purified by chromatography to afford the title compound (73%
yield). MS (m/z): 505 (M+H) .
(C) ((R)(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-(piperidinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
amine.
(S)-tert-butyl 3-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidine carboxylate (0.11 mmol) was treated with HCl solution
(in EtOAc, 4 N, 3 mL) at room temperature until the reaction was completed. The
precipitates were collected by filtration and further purified by chromatography to
afford the title compound. MS (m/z): 405 (M+H) .
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
1 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate conditions
that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
2 391
HN NH
3 405
N NH
4 379
351
6 403
7 N 391
8 403
9 391
HN NH
350
HN NH
11 410
HN NH
12 363
HN NH
13 363
HN NH
14 405
HN NH
380
HN NH
16 350
HN NH
17 350
HN NH
18 324
HN NH
19 368
HN NH
HN NH
21 363
HN NH
22 334
HN NH
23 338
HN NH
HN NH
310
HN NH
26 380
27 391
28 377
29 390
HN NH
407
31 310
HN NH
32 405
HN NH
33 380
HN NH
34 354
HN NH
368
36 405
N NH
37 405
38 415
(R) NH
39 377
HN NH
40 334
HN NH
41 352
HN NH
42 392
HN NH
43 399
HN NH
44 349
HN NH
45 348
HN NH
46 362
HN NH
47 376
48 407
HN NH
HN NH
50 321
HN NH
HN NH
52 396
HN NH
53 413
HN NH
54 404
HN NH
56 351
57 336
HN NH
58 337
N NH
HN NH
59 364
HN NH
60 350
61 404
62 377
HN NH
63 388
HN NH
64 377
HN NH
65 433
HN NH
66 391
HN NH
67 354
HN NH
68 368
HN NH
69 335
HN NH
70 389
71 417
HN NH
72 368
HN NH
73 391
HN NH
74 335
HN NH
N 371
HN NH
N 368
77 N 391
HN NH
78 394
HN NH
79 376
HN NH
N 370
HN NH
HN NH
82 349
HN NH
83 376
HN NH
84 349
HN NH
HN NH
86 396
HN NH
87 406
HN NH
88 396
HN NH
89 406
HN NH
90 407
HN NH
91 407
HN NH
92 365
HN NH
HN NH
94 419
HN NH
95 370
HN NH
96 407
HN NH
97 408
HN NH
98 425
HN NH
99 408
HN NH
100 398
HN NH
101 392
HN NH
102 366
HN NH
103 392
104 391
105 431
HN NH
106 366
HN NH
107 365
108 405
109 449
110 445
111 389
112 415
113 431
HN NH
114 391
HN NH
115 421
HN NH
116 421
HN NH
117 425
HN NH
118 391
HN NH
119 389
HN NH
120 419
HN NH
121 423
HN NH
122 418
HN NH
123 420
HN NH
124 405
HN NH
125 419
HN NH
126 421
127 405
128 418
HN NH
129 423
130 432
131 391
132 409
133 404
HN NH
HN NH
135 443
HN NH
136 370
HN NH
137 F 369
HN NH
138 388
HN NH
139 386
HN NH
140 F 367
HN NH
141 383
HN NH
142 381
HN NH
143 351
144 N 420
HN NH
208 421
HN NH
209 340
HN NH
210 326
HN NH
211 400
HN NH
212 379
HN NH
213 432
HN NH
214 423
HN NH
215 434
HN NH
216 N 450
HN NH
217 N 478
HN NH
218 N 421
HN NH
219 N 439
220 421
221 435
222 439
223 455
HN NH
224 407
HN NH
225 455
HN NH
226 427
HN NH
227 429
SO N(CH )
2 3 2
HN NH
228 429
HN NH
229 441
HN NH
230 394
HN NH
231 409
N (S)
HN NH
234 376
HN NH
235 375
236 448
HN NH
237 436
HN NH
238 450
HN NH
239 423
HN NH
240 441
HN NH
241 436
HN NH
242 421
HN NH
243 358
HN NH
244 380
HN NH
245 340
HN NH
246 436
HN NH
247 453
HN NH
248 388
HN NH
249 402
250 439
HN NH
251 423
HN NH
252 424
253 436
254 441
HN NH
255 386
HN NH
256 447
HN NH
257 408
HN NH
258 437
HN NH
259 421
HN NH
260 N N 435
HN NH
261 395
HN NH
262 409
HN NH
263 452
N N O
HN NH
264 436
HN NH
265 484
HN NH
266 474
HN NH
267 462
HN NH
268 410
HN NH
269 422
HN NH
270 476
HN NH
271 423
N N O
272 464
HN NH
273 406
274 466
HN NH
275 463
HN NH
276 421
HN NH
277 422
278 439
HN NH
279 478
HN NH
280 526
281 391
282 391
HN NH
283 471
HN NH
284 N 415
HN NH
285 435
HN NH
286 N 465
HN NH
287 516
HN NH
288 386
HN NH
289 396
HN NH
290 412
HN NH
500 498
HN NH
502 498
HN NH
503 498
HN NH
513 510
HN NH
515 501
HN NH
516 515
Compound 145
4-(4-(5-(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrol-5(1H)-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)morpholine
Fmoc
Fmoc
NH N
N Cl
Fmoc
N NH
piperidine
PdCl (dppf)
Cs CO
N Cl N Cl
(A) 1-(9H-fluorenyl)methyl 5-tert-butyl hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-1,5-
dicarboxylate
A solution of tert-butyl hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-5(1H)-carboxylate (424 mg, 2
mmol), N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyloxy) succinimide (600 mg, 1.8 mmol) and
DIPEA (310 mg, 2.4 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) was stirred at room temperature
overnight and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was treated with EtOAc/H2O,
separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts
were washed with brine, dried over Na SO , filtered, and concentrated to give the
title compound. MS (m/z): 355 (M-boc+H) .
(B) (9H-fluorenyl)methyl hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-1(2H)-carboxylate
hydrochloric acid
1-(9H-fluorenyl)methyl 5-tert-butyl hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-1,5-
dicarboxylate (810 mg, 1.86 mmol) was treated with HCl in MeOH (5 mL) for 2 hours
and then concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound.
(C) (9H-fluorenyl)methyl 5-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-1(2H)-carboxylate
The mixture of (9H-fluorenyl)methyl hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-1(2H)-
carboxylate (100 mg, 0.5 mmol) and 5,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (600 mg, 1.8
mmol) in dioxane was stirred at 0 ºC for 30 minutes and then at room temperature for
4 hours. .The mixture was concentrated, and the residue was purified by
chromatography to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 498 (M+H) .
(D) 7-chloro(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrol-5(1H)-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine
A solution of (9H-fluorenyl)methyl 5-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-1(2H)-carboxylate (140 mg) and piperidine (2 mL)
in CH Cl (8 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The volatiles were
removed under reduced pressure. The residue was treated with EtOAc/H2O,
separated,and the aqueous solution was extracted with EtOAc. The combined
extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na SO , filtered, and concentrated. The
residue was purified by chromatography to afford the title compound. MS (m/z): 276
(M+H) .
(E) 4-(4-(5-(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrol-5(1H)-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)morpholine
A mixture of 7-chloro(hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrol-5(1H)-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine
(47 mg, 0.17 mmol), 4-morpholinophenylboronic acid (105 mg, 0.51 mmol), and
PdCl (dppf) (10 mg), Cs CO (130 mg, 0.51 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) was sealed in a
2 2 3
microwave reaction cube, stirred at 180 ºC for 60 minutes in a microwave reactor,
cooled to ambient temperature, concentrated under reduced pressure, and the
residue was purified by chromatography to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 403
(M+H) .
The following compound was prepared according to the procedures of Compound
145 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
146 391
Compound 147
(S)-N-methyl(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidinyl)
methanamine
N N HO
Boc Boc
NH N
(S) (R)
CH I, NaH
(A) (S)-tert-butyl (1-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methylcarbamate
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (A)
using (R)-tert-butyl pyrrolidinylmethylcarbamate. MS (m/z): 364 (M+H) .
(B) (S)-tert-butyl (1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin-
3-yl)methylcarbamate.
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (B)
using (S)-tert-butyl (1-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methylcarbamate. MS (m/z): 491 (M+H) .
(C) (R)-tert-butyl methyl((1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)pyrrolidinyl)methyl)carbamate.
Under N , to a solution of (S)-tert-butyl (1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidinyl)methylcarbamate (150 mg, 0.31 mmol) in anhydrous
THF (10 mL) was slowly added sodium hydride (49 mg, 1.22 mmol) at 0 ºC. The
mixture was warmed up and stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. The reaction
mixture was then cooled to 0 ºC, and CH I (174 mg, 1.22 mmol) was added slowly.
After the completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 4
hours, cooled to ambient temperature, quenched with H2O, and extracted with
EtOAc. The combined extracts were dried and concentrated to give the title
compound. MS (m/z): 505 (M+H) .
(D) (S)-N-methyl(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin-
3-yl)methanamine.
The title compounds was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (C)
using (R)-tert-butyl methyl((1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)pyrrolidinyl) methyl)carbamate. MS (m/z): 405 (M+H) .
The following compound 148 was were prepared according to the procedures of
Compound 147 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under
appropriate conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
148 419
Compound 149
(R)-N-((1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methyl)methanesulfonamide
MsCl
Et N, THF
((R)-N-((1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methyl)methanesulfonamide.
Under N2, to a solution of (S)-(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)pyrrolidinyl)methanamine (Compound 77, 51 mg, 0.13 mmol) and Et N (0.04
mL, 0.26 mmol) in anhydrous THF (3 mL) was added MsCl (30 mg, 0.26 mmol) at 0
ºC. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 0.5 hour, then
quenched with H O and extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts were dried
over Na SO , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was
purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography to afford the title compound. MS
(m/z): 469 (M+H) .
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
149 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN N
322 475
HN N
N O F
323 485
324 474
HN N
chiral
325 508
HN N
326 449
HN N
327 463
HN N
328 477
HN N
329 479
HN N
330 489
HN N
331 492
HN N
332 485
HN N
333 486
HN N
334 527
335 479
(S)OH
336 479
337 465
HN N OH
338 479
HN N N
339 464
HN N
340 467
HN N
341 495
HN N
342 499
HN N
343 517
HN N
344 511
HN N
345 539
HN N
346 499
HN N
465 561
HN N
510 541
Compound 150
(S)((1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methyl)urea
NH NH
(S) (S)
TMSNCO, DIPEA
A solution of (S)-(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methanamine (Compound 77, 0.16 mmol), DIPEA (207 mg, 1.6 mmol) and
TMSNCO (184 mg, 1.6 mmol) in anhydrous CH2Cl2 (5 mL) was stirred at room
temperature for 70 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into saturated NaHCO
aqueous and extracted with CH Cl . The combined extracts were dried over Na SO ,
2 2 2 4
filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by
chromatography to afford the title compound. MS (m/z): 434 (M+H) .
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
150 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
151 434
HN N O
347 450
HN N O
348 468
HN N NH
349 448
N N NH
350 448
N NH
351 N 434
O NH
352 434
HN N NH
353 448
O NH
354 448
HN N NH
355 473
N NH
356 484
Compound 152
N-((1-methylpiperidinyl)methyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-amine
HN N
HN NH
N CH O
NaBH(OAc)
A solution of 7-(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-(piperidinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
amine (Compound 3, 40 mg, 0.1 mmol) and formaldehyde (60 mg, 2.0 mmol),
NaBH(OAc)3 (25 mg, 0.15 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature
overnight, then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by
chromatography to afford the title compound. MS (m/z): 419 (M+H) .
Compound 153
N-methyl(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-(piperidinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-amine
H N N
HN N
N Cl
N N N NH
HN N
CH I
3 HCl
(A) tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)piperidine
carboxylate
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (A)
using tert-butyl 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinecarboxylate. MS (m/z): 378 (M+H) .
(B) tert-butyl 3-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)
methyl)piperidinecarboxylate
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (B).
MS (m/z): 505 (M+H) .
(C) tert-butyl 3-((methyl(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)amino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate
To a solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)
methyl)piperidinecarboxylate (100 mg, 0.2 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added NaH
(30 mg, 0.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 2~3 hours at 0 ºC, and iodomethane
(142 mg, 1 mmol) was then added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at
room temperature overnight, quenched with water and concentrated under reduced
pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography to afford the title compound.
(D) N-methyl(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-(piperidinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine
The title compounds was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (C)
using tert-butyl 3-((methyl(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)amino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate. MS (m/z): 419 (M+H) .
The following compound 154 was prepared according to the procedures of
Compound 153 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under
appropriate conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
N NH
154 433
Compound 155
N-((5,5-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine
HN NH
Boc HN N
HN N
N F F
N Cl
(A) tert-butyl 3,3-difluoro((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate.
A mixture of tert-butyl 5-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-3,3-
difluoropiperidinecarboxylate (206 mg, 0.5 mmol), 4-morpholinophenylboronic
acid (207 mg, 1.0 mmol), tri(cyclohexyl)phosphine (56 mg, 0.2 mmol), Pd (dba) (91
mg, 0.1 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (325 mg, 2.0 mmol) in dimethoxyethane/H2O was sealed
in a microwave reaction tube and stirred at 160 ºC for 80 minutes in a microwave
reactor. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated under reduced
pressure, and the residue was purified by chromatography to give the title compound.
MS (m/z): 541 (M+H) .
(B) N-((5,5-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine.
tert-Butyl 3,3-difluoro((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate from step A (227 mg, 0.42 mmol) was
treated with HCl solution (in EtOAc, 5 N) at room temperature until the reaction was
finished. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure, dissolved in
dichloromethane (5 mL), and neutralized with ammonium hydroxide. The
dicloromethane phase was concentrated to afford N-((5,5-difluoropiperidin
yl)methyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine. MS (m/z): 441
(M+H) .
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
155 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN NH
156 423
HN NH
157 421
HN NH
200 441
HN NH
201 455
HN NH
202 459
HN NH
203 475
HN NH
204 385
HN NH
205 475
HN NH
206 442
HN NH
207 403
HN NH
291 385
292 442
293 454
294 459
295 455
CH O
HN NH
296 404
HN NH
297 432
HN NH
299 387
HN NH
300 403
HN NH
301 417
HN NH
302 386
HN NH
303 413
HN NH
304 427
HN NH
305 482
HN NH
306 443
307 440
308 455
.309 455
HN NH
310 434
311 374
312 484
313 463
314 430
315 390
chiral
316 N N 483
chiral
317 N N 483
chiral
318 N 500
chiral
319 N 500
chiral
HN NH
320 471
chiral
HN NH
321 507
N N S O
Compound 158
-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)piperidinol
OH HN N HN NH
HN N
B N N
OH N N
OH OH
N N N
N Cl
(A) tert-butyl 3-hydroxy((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate.
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Compound 1 (B)
using tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
hydroxypiperidinecarboxylate and 4-morpholinophenylboronic acid. MS (m/z): 521
(M+H) .
(B) 5-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)piperidin-
3-ol
The title compound was prepared according to the procedures of Compound 155 (B)
using tert-butyl 3-hydroxy((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate MS (m/. z): 421 (M+H) .
Compound 159
(R)-(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methanol
(R) B (R)
PdCl (dppf)
N Cl 2
N Cl
(A) (R)-(1-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidinyl)methanol.
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (A)
using (R)-pyrrolidinylmethanol and 5,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine. MS (m/z):
265 (M+H) .
(B) (R)-(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methanol.
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 145 (E)
using (R)-(1-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidinyl)methanol. MS (m/z):
392 (M+H) .
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
159 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN OH
160 366
161 366
162 388
163 392
164 350
165 N 350
166 373
167 415
HN NH
168 419
HN NH
169 403
170 420
171 408
172 402
357 322
358 366
359 426
360 391
361 N 428
362 469
363 433
HN N
364 399
Compound 173
(R)-N-methyl(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methanamine
NH Me
Cl 2
(A) (S)-(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methyl methanesulfonate
To a solution of (S)-(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methanol (compound 163, 500 mg, 1.27 mmol) in THF (15 mL) were added MsCl
(200 mg, 1.6 mmol) and TEA (370 mg, 3.7 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 4
hours at room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was washed by
H O and EtOAc to give the title compound. MS (m/z):470 (M+H)
(B) (R)-N-methyl(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin-
3-yl)methanamine
The mixture of (S)-(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)methyl methanesulfonate ( 100 mg, 0.21 mmol) and MeNH2 solution (33% in water,
mL) was refluxed overnight, concentrated, and purified by chromatography to give
the title compound. MS (m/z):405 (M+H)
Compound 174
(S)(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)ethanol
O O O HO
OH N
1) HCl
N N N N
Boc Boc Boc Boc
N Cl
N Cl
(A) (S)-tert-butyl 3-(methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidinecarboxylate.
To a solution of (S)(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid (430 mg, 2.0
mmol) in CH Cl (20 mL) was added CDI (356 mg, 2.2 mmol). The mixture was
stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes, N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine
hydrochloride (234 mg, 2.4 mmol) and DIPEA (258 mg, 2.6 mmol) were then added
subsequently at 0 ºC. The mixture was stirred at 0 ºC for 0.5 hour, then warmed up
and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. The mixture was washed with HCl (1
N), saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and water, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and
concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound for the next step.
(B) (S)-tert-butyl 3-acetylpyrrolidinecarboxylate.
To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl 3-(methoxy(methyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidinecarboxylate
in THF (18 mL) was added methylmagnesium bromide (in ether , 3 M, 2.7 mL) at 0
ºC. The mixture was stirred at 0 ºC for 2 hours, then quenched with saturated
aqueous NH Cl, and extracted with Et O. The combined extracts were washed with
saturated aqueous NaHCO3, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated to give
the tile compound for the next step.
(C) (S)-tert-butyl 3-(1-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidinecarboxylate.
To a solution of (S)-tert-butyl 3-acetylpyrrolidinecarboxylate in methanol (10 mL)
was added sodium borohydride (114 mg, 3.0 mmol) at 0 ºC. The reaction mixture
was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours then quenched with saturated
ammonium chloride solution and extracted with dichloromethane. The combined
extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the
title compound for the next step.
(D) (S)(1-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidinyl)ethanol.
(S)-tert-butyl 3-(1-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidinecarboxylate was treated with HCl
solution (in EtOAc, 5 mL) at room temperature for 2 hours . The volatiles were
removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in anhydrous THF
(10 mL). To the resulted THF solution, DIPEA (570 mg, 4.4 mmol) and 5,7-
dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (400 mg, 2.0 mmol) were added, and the reaction was
stirred at room temperature overnight. The volatiles were removed under reduced
pressure, and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine and
dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by
chromatography to afford the title compound. MS (m/z): 279 (M+H) .
(E) (S)(1-(7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidin
yl)ethanol.
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (B)
using (S)(1-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)pyrrolidinyl)ethanol and 4-
morpholinophenylboronic acid. MS (m/z): 406 (M+H) .
Compound 175
3-(7-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)propanamide
HN O HN OH
LiOH
H N O
MeOH/H O
Et N, THF
HN NH
HN NH
NH Cl, HATU N
DIPEA, THF N
PdCl (dppf), Cs CO
2 2 3
Dioxane/H O
(A) methyl 3-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)propanoate.
A solution of methyl 3-aminopropanoate hydrochloride (4.88 mmol), Et3N (6.50
mmol) and 5,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine (3.25 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was stirred
at room temperature overnight. Volatiles were removed under reduced pressure, and
the residue was treated with water and extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts
were dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by
chromatography to afford the title compound. MS (m/z): 267 (M+H) .
(B) 3-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)propanoic acid.
A solution of methyl 3-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)propanoate (545 mg,
2.04 mmol) and LiOHH 2O (172 mg, 4.09 mmol) in MeOH/H2O (v. 20:1, 40 mL/2
mL) was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. The volatiles were removed under
reduced pressure, and the residue was acidified with HCl solution (1 N) till pH=2~3. .
The precipitates were collected by filtration and dried to afford the title compound.
MS (m/z): 253 (M+H) .
(C) 3-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)propanamide.
A solution of 3-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)propanoic acid (2.22 mmol),
HATU (2.66 mmol), DIPEA (6.65 mmol) and NH Cl (4.43 mmol) in THF (10 mL)
was stirred at room temperature overnight. The volatiles were removed under
reduced pressure and the residue was treated with water. The precipitates were
collected by filtration and dried to give the title compound. MS (m/z): 252 (M+H) .
(D) 3-(7-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)propanamide.
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1 (B)
using 3-(7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)propanamide prepared above and
4-(dimethylamino)phenylboronic acid. MS (m/z): 337 (M+H) .
The following compounds 176 to 178 were prepared according to the procedures of
Compound 175 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under
appropriate conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN NH
176 342
HN NH
177 363
178 389
179 405
HN OH
365 380
366 406
367 406
Compound 180
N-(3-aminopropyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
HN NH HN NH
Cl 2
H N NH N N
N 2 2
PdCl (dppf)
N Cl
(A) N-(3-aminopropyl)chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine.
A solution of propane-1,3-diamine (890 mg, 12 mmol) and 5,7-dichloropyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazine (600 mg, 3 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature
for 4 hours. The volatiles were evaporated, and the residue was purified by
chromatography to afford the title compound. MS (m/z): 238 (M+H) .
(B) N-(3-aminopropyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine .
The title compound was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 145 (E)
using N-(3-aminopropyl)chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine prepared above. MS
(m/z): 365 (M+H) .
The following compounds 181-199 were prepared according to the procedures of
Compound 180 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under
appropriate conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
181 348
182 362
(R)(R)
HN NH
183 405
184 399
185 323
186 378
187 361
HN NH
188 379
HN NH
189 305
HN NH
190 320
HN NH
191 340
HN NH
192 324
193 358
HN NH
194 366
195 350
196 379
197 372
HN NH
198 439
HN NH
N CF
199 473
HN NH
509 457
Compound 232 and 233
(S)-N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine and (R)-N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-
morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
HN NH
HN NH
(S) HN NH
N N F
chiral separation
The racemic compound 200 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 232 and 233 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 20 x 250 mm; mobile phase: CH CN/MeOH/DEA =9/1/0.01; flow rate = 10
mL/min; detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 232, Rf=9.62 min) was
99% ee, MS (m/z): 441 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 233, Rf=13.60
min) was 95.5% ee, MS (m/z): 441 (M+H) .
Compound 368 and 369
(S)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(3-fluoromorpholinophenyl)
pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)
(3-fluoromorpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH
HN (S)
HN (R)
F O F O
The racemic compound 294 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 368 and 369 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: CH3CN/MeOH/DEA =9/1/0.01; flow rate = 1.0
mL/min; detector: UV 220 nm). The first eluent (compound 368, Rf=11.36 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 459 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 369, Rf=14.72
min) was 100% ee, MS (m/z): 459 (M+H) .
Compound 370 and 371
(S)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(3-methylmorpholinophenyl)
pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)
(3-methylmorpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH
HN (S) HN
The racemic compound 295 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 370 and 371 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALCEL
OJH 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: EtOH/DEA =100/0.001; flow rate = 1.0 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 370, Rf=6.20 min) was 100% ee,
MS (m/z): 455 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 371, Rf=6.32 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 455 (M+H) .
Compound 372 and 373
(S)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-(4-methylpiperazin
yl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidin
yl)methyl)(4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
HN HN
(S) HN (R)
The racemic compound 293 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 372 and 373 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: MeOH/EtOH/DEA =50/50/0.1; flow rate = 1.0
mL/min; detector: UV 220 nm). The first eluent (compound 372, Rf=10.89 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 454 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 373, Rf=14.23
min) was 100% ee, MS (m/z): 454 (M+H) .
Compound 374 and 375
(S)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(6-morpholinopyridin
yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)-
7-(6-morpholinopyridinyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH
HN (S)
HN (R)
N N N N
The racemic compound 292 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 374 and 375 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALCEL
OJH 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: EtOH/DEA =100/0.001; flow rate = 1 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 374, Rf=8.60 min) was 100% ee,
MS (m/z): 442 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 375, Rf=12.10 min) was
97.37% ee, MS (m/z): 442 (M+H) .
Compound 376 and 377
(S)- N-((3-fluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((3-fluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-
morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH
HN HN
(R) HN
The racemic compound 251 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 376 and 377 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: CH3CN/EtOH/DEA =90/10/0.1; flow rate = 10.0
mL/min; detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 376, Rf=7.45 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 423 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 377, Rf=14.97
min) was 96.07% ee, MS (m/z): 423 (M+H) .
Compound 378 and 379
(S)- N-((3-fluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(6-morpholinopyridinyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((3-fluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(6-
morpholinopyridinyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH
HN HN
(R) HN
N N N
N N N
The racemic compound 252 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 378 and 379 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: CH3CN/EtOH/DEA =90/10/0.1; flow rate = 10.0
mL/min; detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 378, Rf=9.17 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 424 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 379, Rf=16.65
min) was 92.59% ee, MS (m/z): 424 (M+H) .
Compound 380 and 381
(S)- N-((3-fluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-(4-methylpiperazin
yl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((3-fluoropiperidin
yl)methyl)(4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH
HN (R) HN
The racemic compound 253 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 380 and 381 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: CH CN/EtOH/DEA =90/10/0.1; flow rate = 10.0
mL/min; detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 380, Rf=10.46 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 436 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 381, Rf=20.42
min) was 94.93% ee, MS (m/z): 436 (M+H) .
Compound 382 and 383
(S)- 7-(3-fluoromorpholinophenyl)-N-((3-fluoropiperidin
yl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- 7-(3-fluoro
morpholinophenyl)-N-((3-fluoropiperidinyl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
amine
NH NH
HN (R) HN
The racemic compound 254 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 382 and 383 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: CH3CN/EtOH/DEA =90/10/0.1; flow rate = 10.0
mL/min; detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 382, Rf=7.14 min) was
98.75% ee, MS (m/z): 441 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 383, Rf=14.97
min) was 96.07% ee, MS (m/z): 441 (M+H) .
Compound 384 and 385
(S)- 1-(4-(4-(5-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)piperazinyl)ethanone and (R)- 1-(4-(4-(5-((4,4-difluoropiperidin
yl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)phenyl)piperazinyl)ethanone
HN (R)
NH HN (S)
The racemic compound 305 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 384 and 385 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.46 x 25 cm; mobile phase: CAN/DEA =100/0.1; flow rate = 1.0 mL/min; detector:
UV 365 nm). The first eluent (compound 384, Rf=10.09 min) was 98% ee, MS (m/z):
482 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 385, Rf=13.39 min) was 98% ee, MS
(m/z): 482 (M+H) .
Compound 386 and 387
7-(3-fluoro((S)methylmorpholino)phenyl)-N-((S)-morpholin
ylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and 7-(3-fluoro((R)
methylmorpholino)phenyl)-N-((S)-morpholinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
amine
NH NH
HN (S)
HN (S) HN (S)
(S) (R)
The racemic compound 250 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure isomers Compound 386 and 387 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK AD-H
0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: EtOH/ACN/DEA =95/5/0.1; flow rate = 0.5 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 386, Rf=13.40 min) was 99.83%
ee, MS (m/z): 439 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 387, Rf=16.30 min)
was 98.9% ee, MS (m/z): 439 (M+H) .
Compound 388 and 389
(S)(4-(5-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenoxy)-N-methylacetamide and (R)(4-(5-((4,4-difluoropiperidin
yl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)phenoxy)-N-methylacetamide
NH HN (R)
HN (S)
The racemic compound 306 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 388 and 389 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IAs 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: ACN/DEA =100/0.1; flow rate = 10 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 388, Rf=12.58 min) was 100% ee,
MS (m/z): 443 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 389, Rf=23.88 min) was
93.9% ee, MS (m/z): 443 (M+H) .
Compound 390 and 391
(S)-N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyrido
[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)-N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-
(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH HN (R)
HN HN (S)
O O O O
The racemic compound 310 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 390 and 391 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IAs 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: ACN/DEA =100/0.1; flow rate = 10 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 390, Rf=12.05 min) was 98.17%
ee, MS (m/z): 434 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 391, Rf=13.11 min)
was 97.51% ee, MS (m/z): 434 (M+H) .
Compound 392 and 393
(S)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazolyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(1-ethyl-1H-
pyrazolyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
NH NH HN
HN HN
The racemic compound 311 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 392 and 393 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IAs 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: ACN/DEA =100/0.1; flow rate = 10 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 392, Rf=7.64 min) was 100% ee,
MS (m/z): 374 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 393, Rf=13.11 min) was
97.47% ee, MS (m/z): 374 (M+H) .
Compound 394 and 395
(S)- N-(4-(5-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)-N-methylmethanesulfonamide and (R)- N-(4-(5-((4,4-
difluoropiperidinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)phenyl)-N-
methylmethanesulfonamide
NH NH HN (R)
HN HN (S)
N O N O
N O N O
The racemic compound 313 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 394 and 395 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IAs 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: ACN/DEA =100/0.1; flow rate = 10 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 394, Rf=8.03 min) was 100% ee,
MS (m/z): 463 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 395, Rf=11.54 min) was
95.7% ee, MS (m/z): 463 (M+H) .
Compound 396 and 397
N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(4-((S)methylmorpholino)phenyl)
pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)
(4-((S)methylmorpholino)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
chiral
chiral chiral
* NH
NH NH HN
HN HN
N N (R)
The racemic compound 309 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure isomers Compound 396 and 397 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK AD-H
0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: MeOH/DEA =100/0.1; flow rate = 1.0 mL/min; detector:
UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 396, Rf=11.37 min) was 99.44% ee, MS
(m/z): 455 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 397, Rf=14.69 min) was
98.36% ee, MS (m/z): 455 (M+H) .
Compound 398 and 399
(S)-N-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methyl)(1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)-1H-
pyrazolyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine and (R)- N-((4,4-difluoropiperidin
yl)methyl)(1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl)-1H-pyrazolyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-amine
NH NH HN (R)
HN HN (S)
N O N O
The racemic compound 314 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 398 and 399 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IAs 0.46 x 15 cm; mobile phase: CAN/EtOH/DEA =100/10/0.1; flow rate = 10
mL/min; detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 398, Rf=7.42 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 430 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 399, Rf=10.74
min) was 93.0% ee, MS (m/z): 430 (M+H) .
Compound 400
(S)(4-(4-(cyclopropylsulfonyl)piperazinyl)phenyl)-N-(morpholin
ylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
HN N HN N
Pd(PPh ) , Cs CO3
3 4 2
Dioxane/water
N Cl
HN NH
HN N
(R) (S)
N O N O
HCl-EA
Et N
3 EA
(A) (S)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(piperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
A solution of (S)-tert-butyl 2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (3.96 g, 10.43 mmol), 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-
tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (4.4 g, 13.55
mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (2.41 g, 2.09 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (10.19 g, 31.29 mmol) in 150 mL
of dioxane and 3 mL of water, under N2, was stirred at 110 ºC overnight. The
volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residues was purified by chromatography
with MeOH/H2O ( 1:20~5:1 ) to give 4.747 g of title compound. MS (m/z) = 506
(M+H) .
(B) (S)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(4-(cyclopropylsulfonyl)piperazin
yl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
A solution of (S)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(piperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (100 mg, 0.20 mmol),
cyclopropanesulfonyl chloride (33 mg, 0.24 mmol) and Et3N (41 mg, 0.40 mmol) in 5
mL of DCM at 0 ºC was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The volatiles were
removed in vacuo, and the residues was purified by chromatography with PE/EA
( 1:2~1:10 ) to give 52 mg of title compound.
(C) (S)(4-(4-(cyclopropylsulfonyl)piperazinyl)phenyl)-N-(morpholin
ylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
A solution of (S)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(4-(cyclopropylsulfonyl)piperazin
yl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (52 mg,
0.09 mmol) and 2 mL of HCl-EA (5.0 N) in 5 mL of EA, was stirred at room
temperature for 1 hour. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was
added to 5 mL of MeOH and 0.5 mL of NH3.H2O, was stirred at room temperature for
minutes. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by
chromatography with MeOH/H O ( 1:6~5:1) to give 18 mg title compound. MS (m/z)
= 510 (M+H) .
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
400 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN NH
401 512
HN NH
402 488
HN NH
403 488
HN NH
404 504
HN NH
405 476
HN NH
406 478
HN NH
407 484
HN NH
408 478
(S)OH
HN NH
409 473
HN NH
410 478
N OH
HN NH
411 516
HN NH
412 492
HN NH
413 488
HN NH
414 502
HN NH
415 504
HN NH
416 504
HN NH
417 504
HN NH
418 447
HN NH
419 483
HN NH
420 476
HN NH
421 500
HN NH
422 505
HN NH
423 499
HN NH
424 466
HN NH
425 500
HN NH
426 476
HN NH
427 502
HN NH
428 534
HN NH
429 480
HN NH
430 502
HN NH
431 473
N N S
HN NH
432 524
HN NH
433 480
HN NH
434 487
N CN
HN NH
435 498
HN NH
436 437
HN NH
437 494
HN NH
438 498
HN NH
439 510
HN NH
440 485
HN NH
441 499
chiral
HN NH
442 519
chiral
HN NH
443 533
chiral
444 518
chiral
445 532
HN NH
446 497
chiral
HN NH
447 517
chiral
HN NH
448 517
HN NH
495 483
HN NH
497 509
HN NH
498 498
HN NH
499 512
HN NH
504 461
HN NH
505 477
HN NH
506 448
N NH
HN NH
511 463
HN NH
512 477
N OH
Compound 449
(R)-2,2-difluoro(2-((7-(4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-ylamino)methyl)morpholino)ethanone
HN N
Dioxane/H O
HN N
(R) N O F
N O F
Cs CO /Pd(PPh )
2 3 3 4 N
N Cl
(R)-2,2-difluoro(2-((7-(4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]p yrazin-
-ylamino)methyl)morpholino)ethanone
To a solution of (R)(2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholino)
-2,2-difluoroethanone (72 mg, 0.2 mmol) in dioxane/H2O (5 mL / 0.5 mL) was added
Cs CO (98 mg, 0.3 mmol), Pd (PPh ) (46.2 mg, 0.04 mmol) and 1-methyl(4-
2 3 3 4
(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine (72.5 mg, 0.24 mmol).
The mixture was stirred at 110 ºC for 24 hours under N2. The reaction was filtered,
concentrated and purified on column (CH2Cl2:MeOH= 20:1) to give yellow solid. MS
(m/z):498 (M+H)
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
449 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN N
N O F
450 499
HN N
N O F
451 503
HN N
N O F
HN N
N O F
453 429
HN N
N O F
454 460
HN N
N O F
455 443
HN N
N O F
456 461
HN N
N O F
457 447
HN N
458 483
HN N
459 483
HN N
460 497
HN N
N O F
461 487
HN N
462 484
HN N
N O F
463 497
HN N
N O F
464 511
HN N
N O F
471 471
HN N
488 512
HN N
N O F
489 528
HN N
490 542
N OH
HN NH
501 N 497
HN N
514 539
Compound 466
(S)(2-((7--(4-phenylpiperazinyl)ethanone[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholino)-2,2-difluoroethanone
HN N
HN N HN N (R)
N O F
N O F
N O F
N Cl
(A) (S)-2,2-difluoro(2-((7-(4-(piperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholino)ethanone
A solution of (S)(2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholino)-
2,2-difluoroethanone (70 mg, 0.19 mmol), 1-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-
dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (96 mg, 0.29 mmol), Pd(PPh )
(45 mg, 0.04 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (191 mg, 0.59 mmol) in 8 mL of dioxane and 0.1 mL
of water, under N2, was stirred at 110 ºC overnight. The volatiles were removed in
vacuo, and the residue was purified by chromatography with MeOH/H O ( 1:10~8:1)
to give 100 mg of title compound.
(B) (S)(2-((7--(4-phenylpiperazinyl)ethanone[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholino)-2,2-difluoroethanone
A solution of (S)-2,2-difluoro(2-((7-(4-(piperazinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-ylamino)methyl)morpholino)ethanone (50 mg, 0.10 mmol), acetyl chloride (12 mg,
0.16 mmol) and Et N (31 mg, 0.3 mmol) in 5 mL of DCM, was stirred at room
temperature for 1 hour. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was
purified by chromatography with MeOH/H2O (1:10~10:1) to give 24 mg of title
compound. MS (m/z) = 526 (M+H) .
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
466 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN N
N O F
467 562
HN N
468 525
HN N
469 561
HN N
470 525
HN N
491 N 526
HN N
492 562
Compound 472
(S)(methyl(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)amino)ethanol
Br Br Br
SnSn
Br OH
LiAlH
Boc O
4 Br
HN N
N O HN NH
HN N
N (R)
Sn N O
N Cl
(A) tert-butyl 4-bromophenylcarbamate
4-bromoaniline (4.0 g, 23.25 mmol) was dissolved in CH Cl (100 mL), DMAP (0.284
g), Et3N (6.5 mL), Boc2O (8.0 mL) were added in, the mixture was stirred at room
temperature overnight. Extracted by CH2Cl2 and water, the mixture was then washed
by water, dried over Na SO , concentrated and purified by flash chromatography (PE:
EA=10:1) to give 5.5 g white solid.
(B) 4-bromo-N-methylaniline
Tert-butyl 4-bromophenylcarbamate (5.5 g, 20.21 mmol) was dissolved in THF,
Lithium aluminum hydride (2.301 g, 60.63 mmol) was added and it was stirred at 60
ºC overnight. Then it was quenched by EA, followed by H2O, concentrated and
CH Cl and 1M NaOH was added in, washed with CH Cl , extracted with CH Cl ,
2 2 2 2 2 2
dried over Na SO , concentrated, purified by flash chromatography (PE: EA=40:3) to
give 2.1 g yellow oil.
(C) 2-((4-bromophenyl)(methyl)amino)ethanol
4-bromo-N-methylaniline (700 mg, 3.76 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (20 mL),
K2CO3 (1.56 g, 11.29 mmol) and 2-bromoethanol (1.41 g, 11.29 mmol) were added
in. The mixture was reacted at 100 ºC for 2 days. Then it was extracted by EA and
brine, washed by brine, dried over Na SO , concentrated and purified by flash
chromatography, (PE: EA=10:1 to 3:1) to give 164 mg brown oil.
(D) 2-(methyl(4-(trimethylstannyl)phenyl)amino)ethanol
2-((4-bromophenyl)(methyl)amino)ethanol (164 mg, 0.713 mmol) was dissolved in
toluene, Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (164 mg, 0.143 mmol) and
1,1,1,2,2,2-hexamethyldistannane (377 mg, 1.07 mmol) was added and reacted at
100 ºC for 3.5 hours. Then it was directly used in the next step.
(E) (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
2-(methyl(4-(trimethylstannyl)phenyl)amino)ethanol (223 mg, 0.713 mmol), (R)-tert-
butyl 2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
(246 mg, 0.648 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (150 mg, 0.13 mmol)
was mixed in toluene, reacted at 100 ºC overnight. Then it was filtrated and
concentrated, purified by flash chromatography (PE: EA=2:1 to 1:1) to give crude
product as a reddish-brown oil. And it was used without further purification.
(F) (S)(methyl(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)amino)ethanol
(R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate was dissolved in EA (20 mL), 5M HCl in
EA (10 mL) was added, the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. It
was concentrated, treated with NH3.H2O, concentrated, purified by preparative TLC
to give 10 mg reddish-brown solid. MS (m/z):395 (M+H)
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
472 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN NH
473 CN 376
HN NH
474 390
Compound 475
(S)(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)piperidinol
HN N
HN N
(R) HN NH
N (S)
N Cl
(A) 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinol
1-fluoronitrobenzene (3.0 g 21.26 mmol), piperidinol (2.26 g, 22.32 mmol),
K2CO3 (4.4 g, 31.89 mmol) was mixed in 20 mL DMF, reacted at 80 ºC for 2.5 hours.
Then the mixture was extracted by EA and brine, washed by brine and then water,
dried over Na SO , concentrated. The crude product was used directly in the next
step without further purification.
(B) 1-(4-aminophenyl)piperidinol
1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperidinol (4.725 g, 21.26 mmol), Fe (11.87 g, 212.6 mmol),
NH Cl (11.41 g, 212.6 mmol), EtOH (100 mL) and water (50 mL) were mixed. The
mixture was stirred at 100 ºC overnight. Then Fe (5.9 g, 106.3 mmol) was added and
reacted at 100 ºC for 7 hours. Filtrated and the liquid was concentrated, purified by
flash chromatography to give 1.8 g yellow solid.
(C) 1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinol
1-(4-aminophenyl)piperidinol (600 mg, 3.12 mmol), HBr (14 mL, 48%), was mixed
and cooled to 0 ºC, the solution of NaNO (215 mg, 3.12 mmol) in 2.3 mL water was
added in. the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes, the solution of CuBr (246 mg, 1.72
mmol) in HBr (4.4 mL 4.8%) was added and reacted at 100 ºC for 3 hours. 2M NaOH
solution was added, extracted by EA, washed by 2M NaOH, dried over Na SO ,
concentrated and purified by flash chromatography. (PE:EA = 3:1) to give 520 mg
pale brown solid.
(D) 1-(4-(trimethylstannyl)phenyl)piperidinol
1-(4-bromophenyl)piperidinol (300 mg, 1.17 mmol),
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (270 mg, 0.23 mmol), 1,1,1,2,2,2-
hexamethyldistannane (499 mg, 1.52 mmol) were mixed in toluene (20 mL), reacted
at 100 ºC for 5 hours. The mixture was used directly in the next step.
(E) (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(4-hydroxypiperidinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
1-(4-(trimethylstannyl)phenyl)piperidinol (398 mg, 1.17 mmol), (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-
chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (297 mg, 0.78
mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (180 mg, 0.15 mmol) were mixed in 5
mL toluene. The mixture was reacted at 100 ºC overnight. Filtrated and concentrated,
purified by flash chromatography (PE:EA = 1:2) to give 112 mg reddish solid.
(F) (S)(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)piperidinol
(R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(4-hydroxypiperidinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (112 mg, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in 20
mL EA, then 15 mL 5M HCl in EA was added in. The mixture was stirred at room
temperature overnight, concentrated, treated with ammonia, purified by preparative
TLC to give 40 mg reddish solid. MS:(m/z):421(M+H)
Compound 476 and 477
(S)(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenoxy)propanol and (S)(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinyl)phenoxy)propyl acetate
HN N
HN N
(R) N O
dioxane/H2O Br OH
N O B
HO Cs CO /DMF
Cs CO /Pd(PPh )
2 3 3 4
N Cl OH
HN NH
(R) Boc
HN NH
HN N
N O 5N HCl/EA
Pro-1
Pro-2
(A) (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
morpholinecarboxylate
To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
morpholinecarboxylate (380 mg, 1 mmol) in dioxane/H2O (20 mL / 2 mL) was
added Cs CO (652 mg, 2 mmol), Pd (PPh ) (231 mg, 0.2 mmol) and 4-
2 3 3 4
hydroxyphenyl boron -ic acid (207 mg, 1.5 mmol). The mixture was sealed in a tube
and heated in microwave reactor at 160 ºC for 1.5 hours under N2. (R)-tert-butyl 2-
((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl) morpholinecarboxylate was
consumed and the reaction was filtered, concentrated and purified on TLC
(CH2Cl2:MeOH= 30:1) to give yellow solid. MS (m/z):438 (M+H)
(B) (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(3-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (115 mg, 0.26 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was
added Cs CO (128 mg, 0.39 mmol) and 3-bromopropanol (55 mg, 0.39 mmol).
The reaction was stirred at 80 ºC for 0.5 hours. TLC and LC-Ms showed the reaction
had completed and the reaction was poured into water, extracted with EA, washed
with water and brine, dried and concentrated, purified on TLC (CH Cl :MeOH=
:1)to give yellow solid. MS (m/z):496 (M+H)
(C) (S)(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)phen
oxy)propanol and (S)(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinyl)phenoxy)propyl acetate
(R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(3-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (98 mg, 0.20 mmol) was dissolved in a
solution of HCl/EA (5 N, 5 mL) and stirred for 4 hours at 20 ºC. The reaction was
concentrated and washed with sat. NaHCO3, water and brine, concentrated and
purified on TLC (CH2Cl2:MeOH= 5:1) to give two yellow solids.Pro-1 is (S)(4-(5-
(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinyl)phenoxy)propanol, MS
(m/z):396 (M+H) . Pro-2 is (S)(4-(5-(morpholinylmethylamino)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinyl)phenoxy)propyl acetate, MS (m/z):438 (M+H) .
Compound 478
(S)(4-(2-(methylsulfonyl)ethoxy)phenyl)-N-(morpholinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine
(R) Boc
HN N
dioxane/H O
HN N
Cs CO /Pd(PPh )
2 3 3 4
N Cl
HN NH
HN N
5N HCl/EA
m-CPBA/CH Cl
(A) (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(2-(methylthio)ethoxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)
morpholinecarboxylate (114 mg, 0.3 mmol) in dioxane/H O (5 mL / 1 mL) was
added Cs2CO3 (195 mg, 0.6 mmol), Pd (PPh3)4 (69 mg, 0.06 mmol) and 4-(2-
(methylthio)ethoxy)phenylboronic acid (127 mg, 0.6 mmol). The mixture was sealed
in a tube and heated in microwave reactor at 160 ºC for 1.5 hours under N . (R)-tert-
butyl 2-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl) morpholinecarboxylate
was consumed and the reaction was filtered, concentrated and purified on TLC
(EA:PE=1:1) to give yellow solid. MS (m/z):512 (M+H)
(B) (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(2-(methylsulfonyl)ethoxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin-
-ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate
To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(2-(methylthio)ethoxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (150 mg, 0.29 mmol) in CH Cl
(5 mL) was added m-CPBA (125 mg, 0.73 mmol) at 0 ºC. After that the reaction was
stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. TLC and LC-Ms showed the reaction had
completed and the reaction was washed with sat. Na S O , sat. NaHCO , water and
2 2 3 3
brine, concentrated and purified on TLC (CH Cl :MeOH= 30:1) to give yellow solid.
MS (m/z):544 (M+H)
(C) (S)(4-(2-(methylsulfonyl)ethoxy)phenyl)-N-(morpholin
ylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
(R)-tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-(2-(methylsulfonyl)ethoxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinecarboxylate (76 mg, 0.14 mmol) was dissolved in a
solution of HCl/EA (5 N, 5 mL) and stirred for 4 hours at 20 ºC. The reaction was
concentrated and washed with sat. NaHCO3, water and brine, concentrated and
purified on TLC (CH Cl :MeOH= 5:1) to give yellow solid. MS (m/z):444 (M+H)
Compound 479
(R)(4-(1-ethylpiperidinyl)phenyl)-N-((4-(methylsulfonyl)morpholin
yl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
(R) S
HN N
HN N
K CO /DMF
2 3 N
(R)(4-(1-ethylpiperidinyl)phenyl)-N-((4-(methylsulfonyl)morpholin
yl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
To a solution of (R)-N-((4-(methylsulfonyl)morpholinyl)methyl)(4-(piperidin
yl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine in (39.5mg, 0.082mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was
added K2CO3 (22.6 mg, 0.164 mmol) and iodoethane (25.5mg, 0.164 mmol) at room
temperature. The reaction was stirred at 100 ºC for 18 hours. After that, the reaction
was dissolved in 50 mL of EA, washed with H2O (25 mL) and brine (25 mL), dried
over Na2SO4 and concentrated, purified on TLC (CH2Cl2:MeOH= 20:1) to give yellow
solid. MS (m/z):511 (M+H)
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
479 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN N
493 527
HN N
494 541
N OH
Compound 480
(R)(4-(5-((4-(2,2-difluoroacetyl)morpholinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinyl)phenyl)-1,1-diethylpiperidinium iodide
HN N
HN N (R)
N O F
N O F
CH CH I
3 2 N
(R)(4-(5-((4-(2,2-difluoroacetyl)morpholinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinyl)phenyl)-1,1-diethylpiperidinium iodide
A solution of (R)-2,2-difluoro(2-((7-(4-(piperidinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholino)ethanone (85 mg, 0.175 mmol), iodoethane (82 mg,
0.52 mmol) and potassium carbonate (97 mg, 0.70 mmol) in DMF (15 mL) was
heated in a sealed tube at 100 ºC for 4 hours. Then the mixture was extracted with
DCM, washed brine, dried and purified by pre-TLC (DCM/MeOH=10/1) to give
product as yellow solid. MS (m/z):539 (M+H – I )
Compound 481
(R)(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-((4-(pyrimidinyl)morpholin
yl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
HN NH
HN N N
(R)(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-((4-(pyrimidinyl)morpholin
yl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
A solution of (S)-N-(morpholinylmethyl)(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine (100 mg, 0.246 mmol), 2-bromopyrimidine (59 mg, 0.37 mmol)
and cesiumcarbonate (193 mg, 0.592 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was heated at 100 ºC in
a sealed tube for overnight. Then the mixture was extracted with EA, washed with
brine, concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography, eluting with
DCM/MeOH to give product as light yellow solid. MS (m/z):485 (M+H)
Compound 482
7-(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine
Boc Boc
HN NH
HN N HN N
(A) tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)-1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholinecarboxylate
To a solution of tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)thiomorpholinecarboxylate (178 mg, 0.34 mmol) in CH CI (5
mL) was added 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (70%, 251 mg, 1.02 mmol) at 0 ºC.
The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, and
subsequently, a saturated aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution was added and the
mixture was stirred for another 30 minutes. The layers were separated and the
aqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc. The combined EtOAc layers were
washed twice with an aqueous Na CO solution. The combined organic layers
were dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford title compound
52 mg. MS (m/z):555 (M+H)
(B) 7-(4-morpholinophenyl)-N-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholinylmethyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinamine
The tert-butyl 2-((7-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-
1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholinecarboxylate (52 mg, 0.094 mmol) was dissolved in the
solution of HCl in ethyl acetate (3 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room
temperature for 2 hours until TLC indicated Boc group was removed. The volatile
materials was removed, the residue was neutralized with ammonium hydroxide
(25%, 1 mL) and purified by C18 column to afford yellow solid 33 mg. MS (m/z):455
(M+H)
The following compounds were prepared according to the procedures of Compound
482 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN NH
483 N 473
HN NH
484 468
Compound 485
2-((4-(5-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)(methyl)amino)ethanol
HN N
HN N
Pd(PPh ) , Cs CO
3 4 2 3
Dioxane/water
N Cl
HN NH
HN N
LiAlH
HCl-EA
(A) tert-butyl 3-((7-(4-((2-ethoxyoxoethyl)(methyl)amino)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-
b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-4,4-difluoropiperidinecarboxylate
A solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-chloropyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-4,4-
difluoropiperidinecarboxylate (173 mg, 0.42 mmol), ethyl 2-(methyl(4-(4,4,5,5-
tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolanyl)phenyl)amino)acetate (200 mg, 0.63 mmol),
Pd(PPh3)4 and Cs2CO3 in 4 mL of dioxane and 0.5 mL of water was stirred at 160 ºC
for 1 hour. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by
chromatography with MeOH/H O ( 1:8~5:1 ) to give 373 mg of title compound.
(B) tert-butyl 4,4-difluoro((7-(4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)phenyl)pyrido
[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate
A solution of tert-butyl 3-((7-(4-((2-ethoxyoxoethyl)(methyl)amino)phenyl)pyrido
[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)-4,4-difluoropiperidinecarboxylate (120 mg, 0.21
mmol) and LiAlH4 (10 mg, 0.25 mmol) in 5 mL of THF at 0 ºC, under N2, was stirred
at 0 ºC for 1 hour. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified
by chromatography with MeOH/H O (1:8~5:1) to give 25 mg of title compound.
(C) 2-((4-(5-((4,4-difluoropiperidinyl)methylamino)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
yl)phenyl)(methyl)amino)ethanol
A solution of tert-butyl 4,4-difluoro((7-(4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)phenyl)
pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)piperidinecarboxylate (25 mg, 0.05 mmol)
and 2 mL of HCl-EA (5.0 N) in 4 mL of EA was stirred at room temperature for 1.5
hours. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was added to 5 mL of
MeOH and 0.5 mL of NH3.H2O. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the
residue was purified by chromatography with MeOH/H2O ( 1:10~5:1 ) to give 14 mg
of title compound. MS (m/z) = 429 (M+H) .
Compound 486
(S)(4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)phenyl)-N-((4-(methylsulfonyl)morpholin
yl)methyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine
HN N
HN N (R)
N O H H
NaBH(AcO)
A solution of (S)-N-((4-(methylsulfonyl)morpholinyl)methyl)(4-(piperazin
yl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinamine (60 mg, 0.12 mmol), Formalin (48 mg, 0.48
mmol) and NaBH(AcO) in 5 mL of DCM, was stirred at room temperature for 2
hours. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by
chromatography with MeOH/H O (1:10~10:1) to give 46 mg of title compound. MS
(m/z) = 498 (M+H) .
The following compound was prepared according to the procedures of Compound
486 using the corresponding intermediates and reagents under appropriate
conditions that will be recognized by one skilled in the art.
Compound Structure MS (M+H)
HN N
487 512
Compound 496
(R)((7-(4-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinol
O OH
HN HN
(S) NH N
O (R) (R) N
O O N
O N N
N N N
O O O O
To a solution of benzoyl peroxide (430 mg, 1.78 mmol) in DMF at -5 was added
K2HPO4 (360 mg, 2.07 mmol), then was added the solution of compound 419 (833
mg, 1.73 mmol) in DMF. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The
reaction solution was poured into ice-water, filter, the filter cake was washed with
water and PE, dried to afford the crude product as yellow solid. The crude product
was dissolved in methanol and THF, cooled to -5 , LiOH (15 mL) was added
dropwise, the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. 100 mL water was added into the
reaction solution, extracted with DCM (50 mL×4), washed with brine, dried with
anhydrous Na SO . The solvent was removed to get crude product. The crude
product was purified by column chromatograph (DCM:MeOH=100:1~50:1), washed
by 5 mL EA and 1 mL methanol to afford the title compound as yellow solid ( 145
mg). MS (m/z) = 499 (M+H) .
Compound 507 and 508
(S)((7-(4-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidinyl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazin
ylamino)methyl)morpholinone and (R)((7-(4-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-
4-yl)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazinylamino)methyl)morpholinone
HN NH
HN NH
HN NH
The racemic compound 501 was resolved by chiral HPLC to provide the optically
pure enantiomers Compound 507 and 508 (HPLC conditions: column: CHIRALPAK
IA 0.20 x 25 cm; mobile phase: CH CN/EtOH=90/10; flow rate = 10.0 mL/min;
detector: UV 254 nm). The first eluent (compound 507, Rf=9.759 min) was 100% ee,
MS (m/z): 497 (M+H) . and the second eluent (compound 508, Rf=10.916 min) was
100% ee, MS (m/z): 497 (M+H) .
Example 2
Enzymatic Assay
Syk kinase assay are performed in vitro using Kit-Tyr 2 Peptide (Invitrogen, Cat.No.
PV3191) and in a 384-well assay plate. All reactions (40 μL) are started by adding
0.8 μL of the testing compound in 100% DMSO solution, 10 μL of Kinase/Peptide
substrate mixture or Phospho-Peptide solution (Invitrogen, Cat.No. PV3192, diluted
with 1.33x Kinase Buffer), 5 μL ATP solution (100μM) or 1.33 x kinase buffer
(Invitrogen, Cat. No. PV3189, 5x diluted with distilled water), 4.2 μL distilled water.
The 384-well assay plate (Corning, Cat.No. 3575) is mixed and incubated at room
temperature for 1 hour. 10 μL of the Development Solution (prepared by diluting
Development Reagent A (Cat.No.PV3297) to 1/32 with Development Buffer
(Cat.No.PV3127)) is then added to each well, mixed and incubated at room
temperature for another 1 hour. The reactions are then stopped by adding 10 μL of
the Stop Reagent (Invitrogen, Cat.No. PV3094), and the plate is read with Wallac
3 TM
1420 VICTOR Multilabel Counter (PerkinElmer ) at 445 nm and 520 nm
fluorescence. All compounds are tested at 8 concentrations (1μM down to 0.0003μM)
using a 1:3 serial dilution scheme.
Below are the IC values of some compounds.
IC : enzymatic activity
IC50 values of compounds 1, 3, 9, 10, 12, 19, 21, 22, 26, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 40,
41, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48, 52, 53, 54, 55, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 67, 70, 71, 73, 74, 77, 78,
79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 90, 93, 94, 96, 99, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 109, 110,
111, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 127, 128, 129, 130, 134, 136, 137,
139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 146, 156, 157, 158, 173, 179, 185, 186, 200, 205, 208, 213,
215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 225, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235, 236, 237,
238, 239, 240, 241, 251, 253, 254, 264, 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 272, 273, 274, 275,
276, 278, 279, 280, 281, 285, 286, 287, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297,
298, 300, 301, 302, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317,
318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 332, 333, 340, 346, 347, 362, 368, 370, 371, 372,
374, 376, 377, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 392, 394, 396,
397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413,
414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430,
431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448,
449, 450, 451, 455, 456, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470,
473, 474, 475, 476, 479, 480, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 493, 494, 497, 498, 499,
500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 510, 511, 512 are in the range of 0.001 to less
than 0.1 uM.
IC values of compounds 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 23, 24, 25, 27,
28, 31, 37, 39, 43, 45, 49, 57, 65, 66, 68, 69, 72, 75, 76, 84, 88, 89, 91, 92, 95, 97,
98, 100, 101, 106, 108, 115, 124, 135, 138, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 154,
155, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 180, 188,
191, 194, 195, 196, 198, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211, 212, 214, 220,
222, 223, 224, 227, 234, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 252, 255, 256, 257,
258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 268, 271, 277, 283, 284, 288, 299, 303, 304, 325, 326,
327, 328, 337, 339, 341, 342, 343, 344, 348, 349, 350, 353, 354, 355, 356, 356, 357,
358, 360, 361, 363, 364, 369, 373, 375, 378, 379, 391, 393, 395, 452, 453, 454, 457,
461, 471, 472, 477, 478, 482, 483, 484, 491, 492, 495, 496, 509 are from 0.1 uM to
less than 1 uM.
Example 3
Cellular Assays
For the determination of IgE–induced Beta-hexosaminidase secretion, RBL-2H3
cells (SIBS) are seeded in 96 well plates at 4×10 cells per well and incubated in
MEM media with 15% FBS and Glutamine (2nM) for 4 hours and sensitized with 0.5
ug/ml of SPE-7 overnight. Cells are washed 3 times with Tyrode’s buffer and
incubated in the presence or absence of various concentrations of the testing
compound for 20 min at 37 °C, 5% CO2. Cells are stimulated by adding 10 uL of
DNP-BSA solution (150 ng/mL) to each well and incubating for 45 minutes at 37°C,
% CO . Then, 45 μL of the supernatant is taken and incubated with 100 μL of 1mM
4-Nitrophenyl N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide (Sigma, Cat.No. N9376), which is diluted
in 0.05 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5), for 1.5 hr at 37°C. The reactions are quenched by
adding 185 μL of 0.05 M sodium carbonate buffer (pH 10.0). Plates are read at 405
nm on Multiskan (MK 3).
IC50 values of compounds 1, 3, 12, 19, 21, 22, 30, 32, 35, 44, 70, 77, 82, 93, 96,
99, 102, 104, 105, 107, 109, 110, 111, 114, 115, 116, 117, 123, 129, 130, 134, 136,
137, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 146, 155, 156, 157, 159, 163, 165, 173, 177, 188, 196,
200, 205, 208, 213, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 226, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235,
236, 237, 239, 240, 247, 250, 251, 254, 255, 264, 265, 266, 267, 269, 272, 273, 274,
275, 276, 278, 279, 285, 286, 287, 289, 290, 291, 292, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300,
301, 302, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318,
319, 320, 321, 323, 324, 332, 333, 340, 346, 347, 362, 368, 370, 371, 374, 376, 377,
380, 382, 383, 384, 385, 387, 388, 389, 390, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399,
400, 402, 405, 407, 411, 413, 414, 415, 416, 418, 419, 421, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427,
428, 429, 430, 432, 433, 435, 437, 438, 439, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449,
450, 451, 455, 456, 460, 465, 466, 467, 469, 470, 473, 474, 476, 477, 479, 485, 486,
488, 489, 490, 497, 498, 499, 501, 504, 505, 511 are in the range of 0.001 to less
than 0.1 uM.
IC50 values of compounds 4, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 18, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 33, 37, 39,
40, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47, 52, 54, 55, 60, 63, 67, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80,
81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 91, 92, 94, 95, 97, 98, 100, 103, 106, 108, 112, 119,
120, 121, 122, 124, 127, 128, 135, 138, 144, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 158, 160, 161,
162, 164, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 179, 180, 181, 184, 185, 186,
187, 194, 197, 199, 220, 222, 223, 225, 228, 234, 238, 241, 253 ,259, 260, 261, 270,
280, 281, 293, 303, 322, 372, 373, 381, 386, 401, 403, 404, 406, 408, 409, 410, 412,
417, 420, 434, 440, 441, 458, 462, 463, 464, 468, 475, 487, 493, 494, 500, 502, 503,
506, 510, 512 are from 0.1 uM to less than 1 uM.
For the determination of IgE–induced LAT phosphorylation, Bone marrow mast cells
(BMMCs) are isolated from the femur of female BALB/C mice (6-8 weeks old) and
cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 10%FBS, L-Glutamine (2 nM) and IL-3 (10 ng/ml)
for 4 to 6 weeks. BMMCs are starved in RPMI 1640 with 10%FBS, L-Glutamine (2
nM) and without IL-3 overnight. Cells are sensitized with 1 μg/mL of SPE-7 (1x10
cell/ml) for 4 hours. Cells are washed 3 times with Tyrode’s buffer and seeded in 96-
well plates (3x10 /well). Then the cells are incubated in the presence or absence of
various concentrations of testing compound for 20 min at 37 °C, 5% CO2. The cells
are stimulated by adding 10 uL of DNP-BSA solution (100 ng/mL) to each well and
incubating for 5 minutes at 37°C, 5% CO . The plates are centrifuged and medium
removed. Then 80 μL of 1×cell lysis buffer is added to each well in the plates, which
are frozen at -80°C, overnight. 100 μl of 1ug/ml anti-LAT polyclonal antibody (Abcam,
diluted in PBS) is added to each well of new 96-well plates and incubated at RT
overnight. After washing with 200 μL/well wash solution, the plates are blocked by
adding 200 μL of PBS containing 1.0% BSA to each well and incubating at room
temperature for 2 hrs. 50 μL of cell lysate diluted by 50 μL of sample diluents is
added into the plates and incubated at room temperature for 2 hrs. After washing,
anti-phosphotyrosine-HRP detection antibody (R&D, diluted in PBS with 0.1%
BSA,1:2000) is added and the plates are incubated at room temperature for 1 hr.
After washing, 100 μL TMB is added to each well and the plates stand for 20 min in
the dark. The reaction is stopped by adding 100 μL stop buffer. Plates are read at
450 nm and 570 nM on Multiskan (MK3).
IC50 values of compounds 1, 3, 10, 12, 32, 35, 44, 70, 71, 77, 81, 82, 93, 94, 96,
99, 104, 105, 107, 116, 117, 134, 137, 140, 156, 159, 160, 161, 163, 181, 184, 185,
188, are from 0.1 uM to less than 1 uM.
Claims (36)
1. A compound of formula (I): (R ) and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, -CN, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted C1-C6 alkoxy, R is heterocycle, aryl, or heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by one or more 5 6 7 8 9 7 groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, - 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , - 5 10 11 5 6 NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally 5 6 7 8 substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , - 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a 4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally 5 6 7 8 substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , - 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally n 2 n substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, m is 0, 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, wherein each optionally substituted group above for which the substituent(s) is (are) not specifically designated, can be unsubstituted or independently substituted with one or more substituents independently chosen from C -C alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycle, heteroaryl, aryl-C -C alkyl-, heteroaryl-C -C alkyl-, 1 4 1 4 C1-C4 haloalkyl-, -OC1-C4 alkyl, -OC1-C4 alkylphenyl, -C1-C4 alkyl-OH, -C1-C4 alkyl-O- C1-C4 alkyl, -OC1-C4 haloalkyl, halo, -OH, -NH2, -C1-C4 alkyl-NH2, -N(C -C alkyl)(C -C alkyl), -NH(C -C alkyl), -N(C -C alkyl)(C -C alkylphenyl), 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 -NH(C1-C4 alkylphenyl), cyano, nitro, oxo, -CO2H, -C(O)OC1-C4 alkyl, -CON(C1-C4 alkyl)(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH(C1-C4 alkyl), -CONH2, -NHC(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -NHC(O)(phenyl), -N(C -C alkyl)C(O)(C -C alkyl), -N(C -C alkyl)C(O)(phenyl), 1 4 1 4 1 4 -C(O)C -C alkyl, -C(O)C -C phenyl, -C(O)C -C haloalkyl, -OC(O)C -C alkyl, - 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 SO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO2(phenyl), -SO2(C1-C4 haloalkyl), -SO2NH2, -SO2NH(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO2NH(phenyl), -NHSO2(C1-C4 alkyl), -NHSO2(phenyl), and -NHSO (C -C haloalkyl), in which each of phenyl, aryl, heterocycle, and heteroaryl 2 1 4 is optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from halo, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl-, -OC1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkyl-OH, - C -C alkyl-O-C -C alkyl, -OC -C haloalkyl, cyano, nitro, -NH , -CO H, 1 4 1 4 1 4 2 2 -C(O)OC -C alkyl, -CON(C -C alkyl)(C -C alkyl), -CONH(C -C alkyl), -CONH , 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 2 -NHC(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -N(C1-C4 alkyl)C(O)(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO2(C1-C4 alkyl), - SO2(phenyl), -SO2(C1-C4 haloalkyl), -SO2NH2, -SO2NH(C1-C4 alkyl), -SO NH(phenyl), -NHSO (C -C alkyl), -NHSO (phenyl), and 2 2 1 4 2 -NHSO2(C1-C4 haloalkyl).
2. The compound of claim 1, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C3- C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted C -C alkoxy. 6 1 6
3. The compound of claim 1 or 2, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, -CN, hydroxyl; or is chosen from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, N-methylamino, N- ethylamino, N-n-propylamino, N-i-propylamino, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, each of which is optionally substituted.
4. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 3, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from hydrogen, hydroxyl, and alkyl.
5. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 4, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein m is 1.
6. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 5, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is C -C aryl, 3-8 membered 5 10 heterocycle, or 5-10 membered heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by one or 5 6 7 8 9 7 more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, - 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , - 5 10 11 5 6 NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C -C aryl, 5 10 optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, and optionally substituted C2-C6 alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
7. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 6, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , - 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R ; or n 2 n selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which 5 6 7 is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
8. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 7, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from N N N N N N N N N N , , , , , , , , , , , , O N S O N S O N S O H S N N N N N N N N N N , , , , , , , , , , , O N S O N S N N N N , , , , , , , N N N N N N N N N N N N , , , , , , , N N N N S S S N N N , , , , , , NH , N N N N S S N N N , , , , , , , N N N N O O O O , , , , , , , N N N N N N N , , , , , , , N N N N H H H H N H H H N N N N N N N N N , , , , N , , , N N N S H H H , , , , , , , N N N , , , , , , , N N N N N N N N N N N , , , , ,and . which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , - 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which 5 6 7 is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
9. The compound of any one of claims 1-8, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is N , which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, - 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , - 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, - S(O) NR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t- butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which 5 6 7 is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
10. The compound of any one of claims 1-8, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is , which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, - 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , - 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, - S(O) NR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t- butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which 5 6 7 is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
11. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 10, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, C -C alkyl, C -C cycloalkyl, C -C aryl, 5-10 membered 1 6 3 8 5 10 heteroaryl, and 3-8 membered heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is 5 6 7 optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally n 2 n substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 1 6 3 8 3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C -C aryl, optionally substituted C -C alkenyl, and optionally 5 10 2 6 substituted C -C alkynyl, or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a 4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally 5 6 7 8 substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , - 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally n 2 n substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 1 6 3 8 3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C -C aryl, optionally substituted C -C alkenyl, and optionally 5 10 2 6 substituted C -C alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
12. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 11, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, and pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , - 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , - NO2, -S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, C -C alkenyl, C -C alkynyl, each of which is optional substituted, 2 6 2 6 or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a 4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally 5 6 7 8 substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , - 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R ; or n 2 n selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, optionally substituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, optionally substituted pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, optionally substituted pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl , optionally substituted phenyl, naphthyl, optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, and optionally substituted C2-C6 alkynyl, each of which is optional substituted, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
13. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 10, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, - 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , - 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , - n n 2 S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
14. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 10, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is H and R is lower alkyl , which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle and heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted by one 5 6 7 8 9 7 or more groups chosen from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , - 5 10 11 5 6 NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
15. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 10, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached can form a 4-7 membered mono-cyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which 5 6 7 is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
16. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 10, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached can form a 7-14 membered fused bicyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which 5 6 7 is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
17. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 10, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached can form a 7-14 membered spirocyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which 5 6 7 is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , - 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally n 2 n substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
18. The compound of formula (I) according to claim 1, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, hydroxyl, optionally substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 1 6 3 6 amino, and optionally substituted C -C alkoxy, R is C5-C10aryl, 3-8 membered heterocycle, or 5-10 membered heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , - 7 8 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C5-C10 aryl, optionally substituted C2-C6 alkenyl, and optionally substituted C2-C6 alkynyl, R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, C -C alkyl, C -C 1 6 3 8 cycloalkyl, C -C aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, and 3-8 membered heterocycle, 5 10 each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , - 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , - NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted 5- 10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C -C aryl, optionally substituted C - 5 10 2 C6 alkenyl, and optionally substituted C2-C6 alkynyl, or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a 4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally 5 6 7 8 substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , - 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R , optionally n 2 n substituted C -C alkyl, optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 1 6 3 8 3-8 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C -C aryl, optionally substituted C -C alkenyl, and optionally 5 10 2 6 substituted C -C alkynyl, m is 0, 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl, cyano, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxyl, optionally substituted lower alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted lower alkylacyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted amino, and optionally substituted amide, optionally substituted sulfonamide.
19. The compound of formula (I) according to claim 1, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is independently chosen from hydrogen, halo, -CN, hydroxyl; or is chosen from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N-n- propylamino, N-i-propylamino, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, each of which is optional substituted, R is independently chosen from phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, which is optionally substituted by one or 5 6 7 8 9 7 more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, - 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O)nR , -NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , - 5 10 11 5 6 NR C(O)NR R , -NO , -S(O) NR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i- propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more groups 5 6 7 8 9 7 5 6 selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , - 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , - NO2, -S(O)nNR R , optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocycle, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkenyl, and optionally substituted alkynyl R and R are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i- propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, and pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or 5 6 7 8 9 7 more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O)nR , -C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, - 5 6 5 9 5 8 5 10 11 5 7 C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , -NR S(O) NR R , -NR C(O)OR , - 5 10 11 5 6 NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i- propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, C -C alkenyl, C -C alkynyl, each of which is optional substituted, 2 6 2 6 or R and R , together with the N atom to which they are attached, can form a 4-12 membered mono-cyclic, fused bicyclic or spirocyclic ring optionally containing an additional 1-3 hetero-atoms chosen from N, O and S, which is optionally 5 6 7 8 substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, -NR R , -OR , -S(O) R , - 9 7 5 6 5 9 5 8 C(O)R , -C(O)OR , -CN, -C(O)NR R , -NR C(O)R , -NR S(O) R , - 5 10 11 5 7 5 10 11 5 6 NR S(O)nNR R , -NR C(O)OR , -NR C(O)NR R , -NO2, -S(O)nNR R ; or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, optionally substituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, optionally substituted pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, optionally substituted pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl , optionally substituted phenyl, naphthyl, optionally substituted C -C alkenyl, and optionally substituted C -C alkynyl, each of 2 6 2 6 which is optional substituted, m is 0, 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R , R , R , R , R , R , and R are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, and pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, each of which except for hydrogen, is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl; cyano, or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, t-butoxy, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, i-propylsulfonyl, acetyl, n-propionyl, i- propionyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, amino, amide, sulfonamide, each of which is optional substituted, 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 or R and R , R and R , R and R , R and R , and R and R together with the atom(s) to which they are attached can form a ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, hydroxyl; cyano, or selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, and t-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, n- propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, t-butoxy, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n- propylsulfonyl, i-propylsulfonyl, acetyl, n-propionyl, i-propionyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, homomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, diazepanyl, oxazepanyl, amino, amide, sulfonamide, each of which is optional substituted.
20. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 19, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the optionally substituted lower alkyl is chosen from CF3, CF2H, aminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, and haloalkyl.
21. A compound chosen from following compounds and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: HN NH N NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N NH (R) NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH 124 N HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH 137 F HN NH HN NH HN NH 140 F HN NH HN NH HN NH 144 N N NH HN NH HN NH HN OH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH (R)(R) HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N CF HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH 216 N HN NH 217 N HN NH HN NH 219 N HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH SO N(CH ) 2 3 2 HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N (S) 232, 233 HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N N O HN NH N N O HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N N O HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH 284 N HN NH HN NH 286 N HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH CH O HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH 300 F HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH chiral chiral chiral 318 N chiral 319 N chiral HN NH chiral HN NH N N S O HN N HN N N O F HN N HN N chiral HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N (R)OH (S)OH HN N N OH HN N N HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N HN N O HN N O HN N NH N N NH N NH O NH HN N NH O NH HN N NH N NH 361 N 363 N HN N HN OH 368, 369 370, 371 372, 373 374, 375 376, 377 378, 379 380, 381 382, 383 384, 385 386, 387 388, 389 390, 391 392, 393 394, 395 396, 397 398, 399 HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N OH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N N S HN NH HN NH HN NH N CN HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH chiral HN NH chiral HN NH chiral chiral HN NH HN NH chiral HN NH chiral HN NH HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N HN N HN N N O F HN N HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N N O F HN N HN N HN N HN N N O F HN NH 473 CN HN NH 474 CN 476, 477 HN NH HN NH HN N HN N N O F HN N N O F N O F N OH HN N HN N HN N HN N N OH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH 500 S HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH HN NH N NH 507, 508 HN NH HN N HN NH HN NH HN NH HN N HN NH HN NH
22. A composition comprising at least one compound of any one of claims 1 to 21, and/or its racemic mixture, enantiomers, diastereomers, tautomers, or mixtures of optional ratio, or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
23. A pharmaceutical composition for treating a Syk kinase mediated disease comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
24. A medicament for treating a Syk kinase mediated disease, wherein the medicament comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) of claim 1.
25. Use of a compound of Formula (I) of claim 1 in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a Syk- mediated disease in a subject in need thereof.
26. A method for in vitro inhibiting a Syk kinase, comprising administering to a system or a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) of claim 1.
27. The use of claim 25, wherein the disease is an inflammatory disease, an allergic disease, a cell- proliferative disease, an autoimmune disease or cytopenia.
28. The use of claim 27, wherein the disease is allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, systemic lupus erythematosus, lymphoma, B cell lymphoma, T cell lymphoma, leukemia, myelodysplasic syndrome, anemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, granuloctopenia, pancytoia or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
29. A compound for use in a method of medical treatment, wherein the method of medical treatment is for treating a Syk kinase mediated disease, wherein the disease is selected from allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, systemic lupus erythematosus, lymphoma, B cell lymphoma, T cell lymphoma, leukemia, myelodysplasic syndrome, anemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, granuloctopenia, pancytoia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and wherein the compound is a compound of Formula (I) of claim 1.
30. A compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 21 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
31. A composition as defined in claim 22 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
32. A pharmaceutical composition for treating a Syk kinase mediated disease as defined in claim 23 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
33. A medicament for treating a Syk kinase mediated diseaseas defined in claim 24 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
34. A use as defined in claim 25 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
35. An in vitro method as defined in claim 26 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
36. A compound for use as defined in claim 29 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNPCT/CN2011/075431 | 2011-06-08 | ||
PCT/CN2011/075431 WO2012167423A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | Substituted pyridopyrazines as novel syk inhibitors |
PCT/CN2012/076576 WO2012167733A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2012-06-07 | Substituted pyridopyrazines as novel syk inhibitors |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ617765A NZ617765A (en) | 2016-02-26 |
NZ617765B2 true NZ617765B2 (en) | 2016-05-27 |
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