NZ613373B2 - IMIDAZO[5,1-f][1,2,4]TRIAZINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS - Google Patents
IMIDAZO[5,1-f][1,2,4]TRIAZINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ613373B2 NZ613373B2 NZ613373A NZ61337312A NZ613373B2 NZ 613373 B2 NZ613373 B2 NZ 613373B2 NZ 613373 A NZ613373 A NZ 613373A NZ 61337312 A NZ61337312 A NZ 61337312A NZ 613373 B2 NZ613373 B2 NZ 613373B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- mmol
- imidazo
- triazine
- alkyl
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 title description 8
- 208000009025 Nervous System Disease Diseases 0.000 title description 2
- 206010029305 Neurological disorder Diseases 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 73
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940035295 Ting Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006647 (C3-C15) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006661 (C4-C6) heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 101700061999 nhr-3 Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atoms Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 99
- 108060002036 pde-2 Proteins 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 16
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- AZTMMFCJOROKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine Chemical class N1=CN=CC2=CN=CN21 AZTMMFCJOROKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 206010057668 Cognitive disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001404 mediated Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- CSENBHMOZDDBTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-5-[5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1-methylpyrazol-4-yl]-7-methylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine Chemical compound C=12C(N3CCC3)=NC=NN2C(C)=NC=1C=1C=NN(C)C=1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=N1 CSENBHMOZDDBTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- BSHYQTFFMWNJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-[1-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine Chemical compound C=12C(N3CCC3)=NC=NN2C(C)=NC=1C=1C=NN(C)C=1C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 BSHYQTFFMWNJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- MUCHOBDXMDXUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-[1-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine Chemical compound C=12C(N3CCC3)=NC=NN2C(C)=NC=1C=1C=NN(C)C=1C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 MUCHOBDXMDXUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- CLGCHUKGBICQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-[1-methyl-5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]pyrazol-4-yl]imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine Chemical compound C=12C(N3CCC3)=NC=NN2C(C)=NC=1C=1C=NN(C)C=1C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=N1 CLGCHUKGBICQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- NABBCCRXGDXZJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,7-dimethyl-5-[1-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-amine Chemical compound C=12C(NC)=NC=NN2C(C)=NC=1C=1C=NN(C)C=1C1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 NABBCCRXGDXZJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 201000008779 central nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid ethyl ester Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 207
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 98
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 94
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 89
- FYADHXFMURLYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NC=N1 FYADHXFMURLYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 80
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene dichloride Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 67
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 67
- -1 nucleotide monophosphates Chemical class 0.000 description 65
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 47
- 125000003696 stearoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 42
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 38
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 32
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 description 28
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 28
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 28
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L na2so4 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 25
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 24
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 23
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 23
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 21
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L mgso4 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 18
- 230000002194 synthesizing Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 15
- IMHBYKMAHXWHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anilazine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=NC(Cl)=NC(Cl)=N1 IMHBYKMAHXWHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoryl chloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 13
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- QQOWHRYOXYEMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazin-4-amine Chemical compound N=C1C=CN=NN1 QQOWHRYOXYEMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- BSUNTQCMCCQSQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1.C1=CN=NN=C1 BSUNTQCMCCQSQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N MeOtBu Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 11
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UUOKFMHZSA-N Cyclic guanosine monophosphate Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=C(NC2=O)N)=C2N=C1 ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 101700078180 PDE2A Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 102100003490 PDE2A Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940083542 Sodium Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229940091252 Sodium supplements Drugs 0.000 description 8
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K Tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 8
- TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanone Chemical compound C[C]=O TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatoms Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-propanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HONIICLYMWZJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Azetidine Chemical compound C1CNC1 HONIICLYMWZJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- QDXQAOGNBCOEQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylcyclohexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound CC1=CCC=CC1 QDXQAOGNBCOEQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N OBO Chemical compound OBO ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XPOLVIIHTDKJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;methanimidamide Chemical compound NC=N.CC(O)=O XPOLVIIHTDKJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M carbamate Chemical group NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N (E)-but-2-enedioate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XZLIYCQRASOFQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5H-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine Chemical class N1=NC=C2NC=NC2=N1 XZLIYCQRASOFQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000583 Acetic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 210000004556 Brain Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride Chemical compound CCN(CC)S(F)(F)F CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101710028361 MARVELD2 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N P-Toluenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000065 atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- YHNUDLCUIKMNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(=O)N1C=NC=N1 YHNUDLCUIKMNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drugs Drugs 0.000 description 4
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008079 hexane Substances 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid amidine Chemical compound NC=N PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 4
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000001225 therapeutic Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 206010001897 Alzheimer's disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010002855 Anxiety Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010057666 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- MYTWFJKBZGMYCS-NQIIRXRSSA-N BAY 60-7550 Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CC(NN12)=NC(=O)C1=C(C)N=C2[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 MYTWFJKBZGMYCS-NQIIRXRSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UDHXJZHVNHGCEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorophacinone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=O UDHXJZHVNHGCEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000229754 Iva xanthiifolia Species 0.000 description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NPPQSCRMBWNHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meprobamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC(C)(CCC)COC(N)=O NPPQSCRMBWNHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004861 Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090001050 Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 206010037175 Psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 101710030983 RNF138 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 3
- 101710029702 TICAM1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101710021425 TRIM69 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100003447 TRIM69 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- ALMFIOZYDASRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 ALMFIOZYDASRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGQULGDOROIPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N azetidin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.C1CNC1 HGQULGDOROIPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000001149 cognitive Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N deuterated chloroform Substances [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZHXTWWCDMUWMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyboron Chemical compound O[B]O ZHXTWWCDMUWMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PWEGVZDXTQLFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidoboron Chemical compound [O-][B][O-] PWEGVZDXTQLFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Chemical compound OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000051 modifying Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- UQPUONNXJVWHRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UQPUONNXJVWHRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003757 phosphotransferase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001184 potassium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004528 pyrimidin-5-yl group Chemical group N1=CN=CC(=C1)* 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hydride Chemical compound [H-].[Na+] BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000003956 synaptic plasticity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FSDAUKGXAFKQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-methylpyrazol-3-yl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C=1C=CN(C)N=1 FSDAUKGXAFKQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSKMWMFOQQBVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(Br)N=C1 GSKMWMFOQQBVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000643 Adenine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenine Natural products NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101700067048 CDC13 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 210000003169 Central Nervous System Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichlorine monoxide Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOSAAWHGJUZBOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N EHNA Chemical compound N1=CN=C2N(C(C(C)O)CCCCCC)C=NC2=C1N IOSAAWHGJUZBOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002889 Endothelial Cells Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N Erythromycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@](C)(O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)O)[C@H]1C)(C)O)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gentisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010065390 Inflammatory pain Diseases 0.000 description 2
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010057840 Major depression Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010026749 Mania Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001853 Microsomes, Liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- GOLQZCGYRDMWRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[(E)-1-aminoethylideneamino]acetamide Chemical compound CC(=N)NNC(C)=O GOLQZCGYRDMWRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylformamide Chemical compound CNC=O ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006411 Negishi coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000004296 Neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroxyl Chemical group O=N ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJECIYLGISUNRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-diphenylphosphorylhydroxylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(ON)C1=CC=CC=C1 SJECIYLGISUNRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003975 Potassium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 206010061920 Psychotic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ONDSBJMLAHVLMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylsilyldiazomethane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)[CH-][N+]#N ONDSBJMLAHVLMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N adenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940045988 antineoplastic drugs Protein kinase inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005418 aryl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002393 azetidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005620 boronic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N cAMP Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1 IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cells Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMESWZFQZGEQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dihydrobromide Chemical compound [Cu].Br.Br NMESWZFQZGEQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative Effects 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000017256 epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108040009258 epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCS(O)(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- JPUTTYRVDANTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methanimidate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCOC=N JPUTTYRVDANTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940044170 formate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MVFGXYPEQHIKIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptane;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCC MVFGXYPEQHIKIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JDSULWCNSMLYFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazin-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC2=C(N)N=CN21 JDSULWCNSMLYFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002632 imidazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000005235 imidazopyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003834 intracellular Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003628 mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanoate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001537 neural Effects 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N precursor Substances N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003909 protein kinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004307 pyrazin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])N=C(*)C([H])=N1 0.000 description 2
- VTGOHKSTWXHQJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidin-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=NC=CC=N1 VTGOHKSTWXHQJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyruvic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N stannane Chemical compound [SnH4] KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000080 stannane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IOGXOCVLYRDXLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl nitrite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)ON=O IOGXOCVLYRDXLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012414 tert-butyl nitrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VXWBQOJISHAKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-formylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 VXWBQOJISHAKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UWTATZPHSA-M (R)-lactate Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UWTATZPHSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-amphetamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (Z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MHCVCKDNQYMGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl;phenoxybenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 MHCVCKDNQYMGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHXCUQHMQIBOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3$l^{2}-dioxaborolane Chemical compound [B]1CCOO1 SHXCUQHMQIBOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004502 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001399 1,2,3-triazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003626 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group Chemical group [*]N1N=C([H])N=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001376 1,2,4-triazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(N=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004520 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IDPURXSQCKYKIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)methanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 IDPURXSQCKYKIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYTNNHXGUOKXFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzhydrylazetidin-3-amine Chemical compound C1C(N)CN1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYTNNHXGUOKXFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMYPQIOCZSWSDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-(difluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)C1=CC=CC=C1Br RMYPQIOCZSWSDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHDODQWIKUYWMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 NHDODQWIKUYWMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- WGMHMVLZFAJNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxyethylideneazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCOC(C)=[NH2+] WGMHMVLZFAJNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNWMWUYUBYWFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)pyrazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=NN(C)C=C1 SNWMWUYUBYWFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AVFCGLFLHBWEET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-3-amine Chemical class N1=CN=C2C(N)=NNC2=C1 AVFCGLFLHBWEET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSLMPDKYTNEMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(bromomethyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CBr QSLMPDKYTNEMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGXNHCXKWFNKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(bromomethyl)benzonitrile Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1C#N QGXNHCXKWFNKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Heptanone Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpentane Chemical class CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWADFWPVXXWOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]benzonitrile Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C#N)=C1 ZWADFWPVXXWOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFGSIPQYQUVVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CN=C1Br OFGSIPQYQUVVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVMBZTNBWVDWBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-3-chlorobenzonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C#N)=C1Br DVMBZTNBWVDWBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOHBBINNYAWQGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-3-chloropyridine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CN=C1Br GOHBBINNYAWQGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWXWZKJIIXWMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-5-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Br)N=CC=1C1(C)OCCO1 TWXWZKJIIXWMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- SVAZIMBLBHOVIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-fluoropyridine Chemical compound FC1=CC=CN=C1Cl SVAZIMBLBHOVIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCRDOWWWRCOCQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrazine Chemical class C1=CN=C2NC(C=C)=NC2=N1 SCRDOWWWRCOCQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHOJOSPKQFFWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)imidazol-1-amine Chemical compound NN1C(C)=NC(C2=CN(C)N=C2)=C1 QHOJOSPKQFFWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C#N NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYRKLPUYGHMXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylquinoline-5,8-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C2=NC(C)=CC=C21 SYRKLPUYGHMXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2qpq Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- YHPMRWZVIQTSFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-difluoro-2-(2-fluorophenyl)pyridine Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1F YHPMRWZVIQTSFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVCLNKKMPGHLGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(6-amino-7H-purin-2-yl)nonan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C(C)O)C1=NC(N)=C2NC=NC2=N1 UVCLNKKMPGHLGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCFSYHMCKWNKAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Chemical class CC1(C)OBOC1(C)C UCFSYHMCKWNKAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZFQJBMXUXJUHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane Chemical compound C1CNCC2CC21 MZFQJBMXUXJUHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXJSDKIJPVSPKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1-methylpyrazole Chemical compound CN1C=C(Br)C=N1 IXJSDKIJPVSPKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRYZBQLXDKPBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromobenzaldehyde Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 ZRYZBQLXDKPBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004217 4-methoxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QLYDIHRYOAQXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-1-methylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN1N=C(C(O)=O)C=C1Br QLYDIHRYOAQXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-M 5-oxo-L-prolinate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-M 0.000 description 1
- PVUKGNBRJFTFNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromopyridine-3-carbaldehyde Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(C=O)C=N1 PVUKGNBRJFTFNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010001052 Acute respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-SXVXDFOESA-N Adenosine Natural products Nc1ncnc2c1ncn2[C@@H]3O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H]3O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-SXVXDFOESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010029445 Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000007848 Alcoholism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XJKJWTWGDGIQRH-BFIDDRIFSA-N Alginic acid Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C(O)=O)O[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O XJKJWTWGDGIQRH-BFIDDRIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000000044 Amnesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010001954 Amnestic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940025084 Amphetamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEUORZQYGODEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aripirazole Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(N2CCN(CCCCOC=3C=C4NC(=O)CCC4=CC=3)CC2)=C1Cl CEUORZQYGODEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSWBSWWIRNCQIJ-GJZGRUSLSA-N Asenapine Chemical compound O1C2=CC=CC=C2[C@@H]2CN(C)C[C@H]2C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C21 VSWBSWWIRNCQIJ-GJZGRUSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005245 Asenapine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940009098 Aspartate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005261 Aspartic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010003736 Attention deficit/hyperactivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003805 Autism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100009312 BTK Human genes 0.000 description 1
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzaldehyde Natural products O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzathine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000004093 Binge-Eating Disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010004940 Bipolar II disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XVGOZDAJGBALKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Blonanserin Chemical compound C1CN(CC)CCN1C1=CC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C(CCCCCC2)C2=N1 XVGOZDAJGBALKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950002871 Blonanserin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 Blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000009973 Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LVMWEIRCVORDCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M C(C)(=N)NNC(=O)[O-] Chemical compound C(C)(=N)NNC(=O)[O-] LVMWEIRCVORDCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WXEBICHIPFWKQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=NN2C(C=N1)=CN=C2 Chemical compound CC1=NN2C(C=N1)=CN=C2 WXEBICHIPFWKQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003996 CFU-GM Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1CC2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)CC1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000005145 Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010065559 Cerebral arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008111 Cerebral haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cesium Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 Choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010009191 Circadian rhythm sleep disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037250 Clearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002676 Complementary DNA Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940109275 Cyclamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000008130 Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010049894 Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004654 Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010003591 Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-YMDCURPLSA-N D-Galacturonic acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-YMDCURPLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-LLEIAEIESA-L D-glucarate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-LLEIAEIESA-L 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N D-glucopyranuronic acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N D-sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061428 Decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012218 Delirium Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012256 Delusional disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012335 Dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012378 Depression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N Dibenzylideneacetone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010286 Diolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000010309 Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000010374 Down syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013663 Drug dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013754 Drug withdrawal syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 Epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEZNVIYQEUHLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethiofencarb Chemical compound CCSCC1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)NC HEZNVIYQEUHLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001914 Fragile X Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108009000484 Fragile X Syndrome Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229960002598 Fumaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001731 GLUCEPTATE Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003594 Ganglia, Spinal Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010018075 Generalised anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940097043 Glucuronic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002989 Glutamic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002449 Glycine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQFCJASXJCIDSX-UUOKFMHZSA-N Guanosine monophosphate Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O RQFCJASXJCIDSX-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 Gynecological Organic acids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036499 Half live Effects 0.000 description 1
- LJQLCJWAZJINEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F LJQLCJWAZJINEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001320 Hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003284 Horns Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010020710 Hyperphagia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020765 Hypersomnia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XMXHEBAFVSFQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iloperidone Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(C)=O)=CC=C1OCCCN1CCC(C=2C3=CC=C(F)C=C3ON=2)CC1 XMXHEBAFVSFQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061215 Impulse-control disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010022568 Intermittent explosive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isonicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101700015932 KRP6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019766 L-Lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000448 Lactic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000009829 Lewy Body Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000002832 Lewy body dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940040692 Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940091250 Magnesium supplements Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mandelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N Meglumine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003194 Meglumine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010027378 Mental retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036650 Metabolic stability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010027476 Metastasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanolamine Chemical compound NCO XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010027599 Migraine Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008085 Migraine Disorders Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006751 Mitsunobu reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSULHKPQAGHLFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N'-[4-(5-bromo-1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)-2-methylimidazol-1-yl]methanimidamide Chemical compound N=CNN1C(C)=NC(C2=C(N(C)N=C2)Br)=C1 ZSULHKPQAGHLFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYVXVLSZQHSNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide Chemical compound CON(C)C(C)=O OYVXVLSZQHSNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLMRZASZJDAQFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1CC(CC1)C1=NN2C(C=N1)=CN=C2 Chemical compound N1CC(CC1)C1=NN2C(C=N1)=CN=C2 XLMRZASZJDAQFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100017061 NT5C2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710039719 NT5C2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010053643 Neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XJLXINKUBYWONI-NNYOXOHSSA-N Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C[N+]([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O3)N3C4=NC=NC(N)=C4N=C3)O)O2)O)=C1 XJLXINKUBYWONI-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010057852 Nicotine dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004864 Olamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116315 Oxalic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108009000578 Oxidative Stress Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100014454 PDE1A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700006323 PDE1A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100014456 PDE1C Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700084262 PDE1C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100003486 PDE3A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700073931 PDE3A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100003487 PDE3B Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700015521 PDE3B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100003492 PDE4A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700029476 PDE4A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100018800 PDE4B Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700057678 PDE4B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100018799 PDE4C Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700042596 PDE4C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100018798 PDE4D Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700057277 PDE4D Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100018801 PDE5A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101700034664 PDE5A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pamoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=C(C=3O)C(=O)O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010033666 Panic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282322 Panthera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940055726 Pantothenic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000006199 Parasomnias Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061536 Parkinson's disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010034158 Pathological gambling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101700034712 Pde6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091000081 Phosphotransferases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940023488 Pill Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium bicarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000001253 Protein Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010078762 Protein Precursors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000014961 Protein Precursors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940043131 Pyroglutamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 Pyruvic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- URKOMYMAXPYINW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quetiapine Chemical compound C1CN(CCOCCO)CCN1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C12 URKOMYMAXPYINW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAPZEAPATHNIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Risperidone Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C3CCN(CC3)CCC=3C(=O)N4CCCCC4=NC=3C)=NOC2=C1 RAPZEAPATHNIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-LLEIAEIESA-N Saccharic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-LLEIAEIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000297 Sandmeyer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010039775 Seasonal affective disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039966 Senile dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010053879 Sepsis syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000580858 Simian-Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000010340 Sleep Deprivation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040984 Sleep disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010041250 Social phobia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium cyclamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)NC1CCCCC1 UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000000278 Spinal Cord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006619 Stille reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000004490 Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960005137 Succinic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-GDQSFJPYSA-N Sucrose Natural products O([C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1)[C@@]1(CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-GDQSFJPYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N THP Chemical compound C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710026025 TNK2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100011625 TNK2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000013530 TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065917 TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002253 Tannate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036335 Tissue distribution Effects 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPLUKJNHPBNVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylarsine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[As](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BPLUKJNHPBNVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035504 Tromethamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010001801 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010054094 Tumour necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Vitamin C Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940046282 Zinc Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940091251 Zinc Supplements Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MVWVFYHBGMAFLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ziprasidone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N3CCN(CC3)CCC3=CC=4CC(=O)NC=4C=C3Cl)=NSC2=C1 MVWVFYHBGMAFLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005913 acute stress disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960005305 adenosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000240 adjuvant Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000000028 adult respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001261 affinity purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000007930 alcohol dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101700007359 algA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001280 alpha hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002734 amfetamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTKRSTQMGNRMHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino 4-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound NOC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 VTKRSTQMGNRMHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001430 anti-depressive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004372 aripiprazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001499 aryl bromides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000006287 attention deficit hyperactivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000002055 autistic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000020127 ayran Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095076 benzaldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004622 benzoxazinyl group Chemical group O1NC(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002618 bicyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BVCRERJDOOBZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl Chemical group C1C[C+]2CC[C-]1C2 BVCRERJDOOBZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001602 bicycloalkyls Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon-14 Chemical compound [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004640 cellular pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000001084 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CRBHXDCYXIISFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC[O-] CRBHXDCYXIISFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003016 chromanyl group Chemical group O1C(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000035512 clearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003920 cognitive function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000009929 conduct disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012059 conventional drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010192 crystallographic characterization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006547 cyclononyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006001 difluoroethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JDZLOJYSBBLXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethylbenzene Chemical compound FC(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 JDZLOJYSBBLXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005686 eating Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002081 enamines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003511 endothelial Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002587 enol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002532 enzyme inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanolamine Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBUNLFQVPAABFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;heptane Chemical compound CCOCC.CCCCCCC OBUNLFQVPAABFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPWUFXOJMNCVRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl N-methoxycarbonylmethanehydrazonate Chemical compound CCOC=NNC(=O)OC IPWUFXOJMNCVRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMIAPORGEDIDLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl ethanimidate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=N JMIAPORGEDIDLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940050411 fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000006529 generalized anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950006191 gluconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940097042 glucuronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004275 glycolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013928 guanylic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003400 hallucinatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine Substances NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003162 iloperidone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IJYHVZICHKCLMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazo[4,5-d]triazin-4-one Chemical compound O=C1N=NN=C2N=CN=C12 IJYHVZICHKCLMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002962 imidazol-1-yl group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])=NC([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003392 indanyl group Chemical group C1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003387 indolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003870 intestinal permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-M isethionate Chemical compound OCCS([O-])(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L malate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-L maleate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098895 maleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 101700053671 manC Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940087646 methanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VFTZKSMAJVLWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=1C=NNC=1 VFTZKSMAJVLWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UAVOCTDYPKOULU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylchloranuidyl formate Chemical compound C[Cl-]OC=O UAVOCTDYPKOULU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monochloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000008895 mood disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005487 naphthalate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003533 narcotic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004031 neuronal differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neurons Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101700022435 noeJ Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 201000008430 obsessive-compulsive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-M orotate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC(=O)NC(=O)N1 PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000160 oxazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003566 oxetanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- UJJLJRQIPMGXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M oxolane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1CCCO1 UJJLJRQIPMGXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- 101710031992 pRL90232 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N pantothenic acid Natural products OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019371 penicillin G benzathine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutic aid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003285 pharmacodynamic Effects 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940049953 phenylacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L phosphate Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000865 phosphorylative Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101710035540 plaa2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 201000008839 post-traumatic stress disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000009916 postpartum depression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940094025 potassium bicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940002612 prodrugs Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing Effects 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L propanedioate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002633 protecting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003072 pyrazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002206 pyridazin-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)N=N1 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JQRYUMGHOUYJFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine;trihydrobromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1.C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1.C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JQRYUMGHOUYJFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000246 pyrimidin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=NC(*)=NC([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- YNZAFFFENDLJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrol-1-amine Chemical compound NN1C=CC=C1 YNZAFFFENDLJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960004431 quetiapine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004621 quinuclidinyl group Chemical group N12C(CC(CC1)CC2)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012066 reaction slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000014786 regulation of synaptic transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101700034307 rfbA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101700066249 rfbM Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000000978 schizoaffective disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000000261 schizophreniform disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002821 scintillation proximity assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000486 side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008174 sterile solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940086735 succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003419 tautomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MROPCTMTKIHNFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl N-(1-aminoethylideneamino)carbamate Chemical compound CC(=N)NNC(=O)OC(C)(C)C MROPCTMTKIHNFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKACXUFSLUYRFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl N-aminocarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NN DKACXUFSLUYRFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CCRMAATUKBYMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyltin Chemical compound C[Sn](C)C.C[Sn](C)C CCRMAATUKBYMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IERBVBGUKBHALB-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;phosphate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IERBVBGUKBHALB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cells Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000004810 vascular dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003936 working memory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101700051717 xanB Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000607 ziprasidone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N β-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-QIUUJYRFSA-N β-D-glucuronic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-QIUUJYRFSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to Imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]Triazine compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to processes for the preparation of, intermediates used in the preparation of, and compositions containing such compounds and the uses of such compounds as a method for the treatment of a PDE2 mediated disease or condition selected from the group consisting of central nervous system disorders, cognitive disorders, schizophrenia, dementia and other disorders in a mammal. Compounds of the disclosure include: 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-[1-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-{1-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-5-[5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-7-methylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, N,7-dimethyl-5-{1-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-amine, And 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-{1-methyl-5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine. for the treatment of a PDE2 mediated disease or condition selected from the group consisting of central nervous system disorders, cognitive disorders, schizophrenia, dementia and other disorders in a mammal. Compounds of the disclosure include: 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-[1-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-{1-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-5-[5-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-7-methylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, N,7-dimethyl-5-{1-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-amine, And 4-(azetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-{1-methyl-5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine.
Description
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to imidazo[5,1-f_|[1,2,4] triazines, which are ive
inhibitors of PDE2. The invention further relates to ediates for ation of such
compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such nds; and the use of
such compounds in methods for treating certain l nervous system (CNS) or other
disorders. The invention relates also to methods for treating neurodegenerative or
psychiatric disorders, including sis, impaired cognition, schizophrenia,
depression, dementia and other disorders in a mammal.
Background of the Invention
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a class of intracellular enzymes involved in the
hydrolysis of the tides cyclic adenosine monophosphate (CAMP) and cyclic
guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to their respective nucleotide monophosphates.
These cyclic nucleotides serve as secondary messengers in several cellular pathways,
regulating an array of intracellular processes within neurons of the central nervous
system ing the tion of cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases that
produce subsequent phosphorylation of proteins involved in regulation of synaptic
transmission, synaptic plasticity, neuronal differentiation and survival.
So far, only a single gene for PDE2, PDE2A, has been identified; however,
multiple alternatively spliced ms of PDE2A, which include PDE2A1, PDE2A2, and
PDE2A3, have been ed. PDE2A was identified as a unique family based on
primary amino acid sequence and distinct enzymatic activity. The human PDE2A3
sequence was isolated in 1997 (Rosman et al., Isolation and characterization of human
cDNAs encoding a cGMP-stimulated 3',5'—oyolic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, Gene,
191 (1):89-95, 1997).
inhibition of PDE2A demonstrates enhanced cognitive function across multiple
preclinical models of cognitive mance that reflect improvements in recognition
memory, social ctions and working memory, which are all deficient in
schizophrenia (Boess et al., Inhibition of phosphodiesz‘erase 2 increases neuronal
cGMP, synaptic plasticity and memory performance, Neuropharmacology, 47(7):108‘l-
92, 2004). PDE2A inhibition also improved cognitive deficits that develop in aging and
Alzheimer’s disease (Domek-Lopacinska and Strosznajder, The effect of selective
inhibition of cyclic GMP yzing phosphodiesterases 2 and 5 on learning and
memory processes and nitric oxide tase activity in brain during aging, Brain
ch, 1216:68—77, 2008). Bayer has published the biochemical and behavioral
profile of BAY 60-7550, indicating a role in PDE2 inhibition in cognitive disorders
(Brandon et al., Potential CNS Applications for odiesterase Enzyme inhibitors,
Annual Reports in Medicinal try 42: 4-5, 2007). However, this compound
1O showed significant potency at other PDE ms and had high clearance and limited
brain penetration and is not believed to be progressing in the clinic.
PDE2 inhibitors have also been demonstrated to show efficacy in preclinical
models of anxiety and depression (Masood et al., Anxio/ytic effects of
phosphodiesterase-2 inhibitors associated with increased cGMP signaling, JPET
331(2).“690-699, 2009; Masood et al., Reversal of Oxidative Stress-induced Anxiety by
Inhibition of odiesterase-2 in Mice, JPET 326(2):369-379, 2008; Reierson et al.,
Repeated antidepressant therapy increases cyclic GMP signaling in rat hippocampus,
Neurosci. Lett., 466(3):149—53, 2009).
PDE2A protein expressed in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and dorsal root
ganglia enables PDE2A to modulate cyclic nucleotide levels in these regions during
processing of neuropathic and inflammatory pain (Schmidtko et al., cGMP Produced by
NO-Sensitive Guanyly/ Cyc/ase Essential/y Contributes to Inflammatory and
Neuropathic Pain by Using Targets Different from cGMP-Dependent n Kinase /,
The Journal of cience, 28(34):8568—8576, 2008).
in the periphery, the expression of PDEZA in endothelial cells has been
demonstrated to play a critical role in regulation of endothelial barrier function. The
expression levels of PDE2A in endothelial cells are increased in response to
inflammatory cytokines such as TNF—alpha under conditions of sepsis and acute
respiratory distress syndrome, and contribute to disruption of elial barrier
function. inhibition of PDE2A has been trated to reverse permeability deficits in
sepsis and enhance survival rates in animal models of sepsis and endotoxicosis
(Seybold et a/., Tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}-dependent expression of
phosphodiesterase 2: role in endothe/ial hyperpermeability, Blood, 105:3569-3576,
2005; Kayhan et a/., The adenosine ase inhibitor erythro[2-hydroxyl—3-nonyl]-
adenine decreases intestinal permeability and protects against experimental sepsis: a
prospective, randomized laboratory investigation, Critical Care, 12(5):R125, 2008).
n imidazotriazines have been published as kinase inhibitors such as:
international Patent Publication WO2011005909 entitled “Process for the preparation of
tuted imidazo[5,1-t][1,2,4]triazine tives;” United States Patent Publication:
U820090286768 entitled “Substituted imidazopyrazines and imidazotriazines as ACK1
inhibitors and their preparation;” international Patent Publication WO200911748
entitled “Preparation of mTOR inhibitor salt forms;” ational Patent Publication:
WO2009008992 entitled “Preparation of imidazo[1,5—a]pyrazinamine for use in
combination therapy of s and cancer metastasis;” United States Patent
Publication U820080139582 entitled “Preparation of substituted
pyrazolopyrimidinamines as inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase;” ational Patent
Publication: WO2007106503 entitled: imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazinamine in combined
treatment with an EGFR kinase inhibitor and an agent that sensitizes tumor cells to the
effects of EGFR kinase inhibitors;” International Patent Publication W02007087395
enitled ration of ethynyl- or vinyl- imidazopyrazines and imidazotriazines as
mammalian target of cin (mTOR) inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and other
diseases;” United States Patent Publication 0112005 entitled “Preparation of
substituted imidazopyrazines and related nds as mTOR inhibitors;” United
States Patent Publication 0019957 entitled “Preparation of imidazotriazines as
protein kinase inhibitors;” and international Patent Publication WO2005097800 entitled
“Preparation of 6,6—bicyclic ring substituted heterobicyclic protein kinase inhibitors”
y of the invention
The present invention is directed to a compound of the Formula
(followed by page 3a)
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt f, wherein:
“—A-R5” is-
,4aR R4
R4a-N
\R5 R5
/ or “%/ 3
A1R5 A2R5 A3R5
R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1—C5)alkyl,
(Cg-Ce)alkenyl, (Cg—C6)alkynyl, (Cg-C15)cycloa|kyl, -(C1-Ce)alkyI-OH, -(C1-Ce)alkyl-CN, -
SF5, -CF3, -CHF2, and -CH2F;
R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of -(C1-Ce)alkyl-R9, -
NHR3, —N(R3)2, -O-(C1—Cs)alkyl-R9, -OR8, (C3-C15)cycloalkyl, (Ce-Cio)aryl, (3- to 14—
membered)heterocyclic, and (5- to 14-membered)heteroaryl; wherein said
(Cg-Cis)cycloalkyl and (3- to 14-membered)heterocyclic may ally contain one
double bond and one to two oxo (0:) groups; and wherein said e)alkyl-R9, -
NHR3, -N(R3)2, —O-(C1-Ca)alkyl-R9, —OR8, 5)cycloalkyl, (Ce—C1o)aryl, (3- to 14-
membered)heterocyclic, or (5— to 14-membered)heteroaryl moieties may be optionally
substituted with one to three tuents independently ed from the group
consisting of (C1-C5)alkyl, (C1-Ce)alkoxy, halo, and ~CF3;
each R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of ~(C1-Ce)alkyl-
R9, -(Cg—Ce)alkenyl-R9, —(Cg-Ce)alkynyl-R9, and -(Cs-C15)cycloalkyl-R9, or when R2
is -N(R3)2 both of said R3 may be taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they
are attached to form a 4- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or
two oxo groups (0:) and optionally substituted with one to three substituents
(followed by page 3b)
independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluoro, -CN, -CF3, -CHF2,
-CH2F, -OH, -O-(Cq-Cs)alkyl, NHZ, -NH-(C1-C5)alkyl, -N[(C1-C6)alkyl]2, (C1-Ce)alkyl,
(Cg—Ce)alkenyl, (CZ-Ce)a|kynyl, -(C=O)-R8, —(C=O)-OR8, —(C=O)—N(R8)2, -O-(C=O)-
R8, -OR8, -O-(C=O)-OR8, -SR8, -S(O)R8, -S(O)2R8, —S(O)2N(R8)2, -NH-(C=O)—
R8, -NH-(C=O)—OR8, -O-(C=O)—N(R8)2, -NH-(C=O)-N(R8)2, -N[(C1—Cs)alkyl](C=O)-
R8, —N[(C1-Ce)alkyl](C=O)-OR8, -N[(C1-Cs)alkyl](C=O)-N(R8)2, (Cs-C15)Cycloa|kyl,
(Ce—C1o)aryl, (3— to 14-membered)heterocyclic and (5- to bered)heteroaryl;
wherein said (C3-Cls)cycloalkyl and (3- to 14-membered)heterocyclic may optionally
contain one double or triple bond and one to two oxo (0:) groups;
each R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo,
(C1-Ce)alkyl, )alkenyl, (Cg—Ce)alkynyl, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, and 5)cycloalkyl;
each R45:1 is independently ed from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-
yl, (Cg—C4)alkenyl, (Cg-C4)alkynyl, —CF3, —CHF2, -CH2F, and (Cg-015)Cycloalkyl;
R5 is:
(R7)n (R7)n
_‘_ N:‘_
'RSa R5b
(R7)n (R7)n
~:N N:’.
_E R6 .,
\ / g ¥R6
, KN/ ,
R50 R5d
(followed by page 30)
N" N=N
_§‘<\N _
R6 E R6
, KI / ’
(R7)n
R59 R5f
(R7)n
“12'”
or —E R6
\ N/
where n is O, 1, 2, 3, or 4;
each R6 is independently selected from the group ting of hydrogen, halo,
(C1-Cs)alkyl, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, -CF2-(C1-Ce)alkyl, -SF5, -CN, —(C1-Ce)alkyl-
CN, -N02, -(C=O)-R8, -(C=O)-OR8, -OR8, -O-(C=O)-N(R8)2, -SR8, -S(O)R8, R8,
NH2, -NH-(C1-Ce)alkyl, -N[(C1-Ce)alkyl]2, -NH-(C=O)-R8, =O)-OR8, -N[(C1-
C6)alkyl](C=O)-R8, -N[(C1-Ce)alkyl](C=O)—OR8, (C1-Ce)alkyl, (Cg-Ce)alkenyl,
(Cg-C5)alkynyl, (Cg-C15)cycloalkyl, (3— to 14—membered)heterocyclic, (Ce-C1o)aryl, and
(5- to 14-membered)heteroaryl; n said (Cs-C15)Cycloalkyl and (3— to 14—
membered)heterocyclic may optionally contain one double bond and one to two oxo
(O=)gr0ur>s;
each R7 is independently selected from the group ting of hydrogen, halo,
(C1-Ce)alkyl, (Cg-C4)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, -CN, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, ~O—(C1-Ce)alkyl
and (Cg—C15)cycloalkyl;
each R8 wherever it occurs is independently selected from the group consisting
of hydrogen, (C1-C5)alkyl, (Cg-C15)cycloalkyl, -CF3, and -CHF2; and
each R9 is independently selected from the group ting of hydrogen,
halo, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, -CF2-(C1-Ca)alkyl, -CN, -(C1-Ce)alkyl-CN, -N02, -(C=O)-
R8, -(C=O)-OR8, -OR8, -O-(C=O)—N(R8)2, -SR8, -S(O)R8, -S(O)2R8,
(followed by page 3d)
NH2, —NH-(Ci-Ce)alkyl, —N[(Ci-Ca)alkyl]2, -NH-(C=O)—R8, -NH-(C=O)-
0R8, -N[(C1-Ce)alkyi](C=O)-R8, -N[(C1-Ce)alkyl](C=O)-OR8, (Ci-Ce)alkyl, (Cg-Cs)a|kenyi,
(Cg-Ce)alkyny|, (Cg-015)cycloalkyl, (3- to 14—membered)heterocyclic, (Ce-Cio)aryl, and
(5- to 14-membered)heteroaryl, wherein said (Cg-C15)cycloalkyl and (3- to 14-
membered)heterocyclic may optionally contain one double or triple bond and one to two
oxo (0:) groups; and wherein each of said (Cg-C15)Cycloalkyl, (3- to 14-
membered)heterocyclic, (Ce-Cio)aryi, and (5- to 14-membered)heteroaryl es may
be optionally tuted with one to three substituents independently selected from (C1-
Ce)alkyl, (C1-Ce)alkoxy, halo, and —CF3,
Also sed are compounds of the Formula
[FOLLOWED BY PAGE 4]
or a pharmaceutically able salt thereof, wherein:
“—A-R5” is:
R48 R4 R4
N\ / N N
R4 / R4 # R4a-N/ \
/ \ N\ /
R5 R5
”'41 R5'
/ “7% or “m
i 3 / 1
A1 R5 A2R5 A3R5
R1 is hydrogen, (C1-Cs)alkyi, (Cg-Ce)aikenyi, (Cg-Cg)aikynyi, (Cg-C15)cycioalkyl,
-(C1-C6)alkyi-OH, -(C1-C6)alkyI-CN, -SF5, -CF3, -CHF2, or -CH2F;
1O R2 is -(C1-Ce)aikyi-R9, -NHR3, -N(R3)2, -Cs)alkyl—R9, -OR8,
(Cg-C15)cycloaikyl, (Ce—C10)aryl, (C1-C14)heterocyciic, or (C1-C14)heteroaryl; wherein said
(Cg-C15)Cycloalkyl and (C1-C14)heterocyciic may ally contain one double or triple
bond and one to two oxo (0:) groups; and wherein said -(C1—Ce)alkyI—R9,
-O-(C1-Ce)a|kyI-R9, (Cs—C15)cycloa|kyl, (Cs-C1o)aryl, (C1—C14)heterocyclic, or
(C1-Ci4)heteroaryl moieties may be optionally substituted with one to three substituents
ndently selected from (C1—Ce)alkyl, (C1-Ce)aikoxy, halo, and -CF3;
Each R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of —(C1—Ce)aikyl-R9,
-(Cz-Ce)alkenyl-R9, ~(Cg-Cs)alkynyi—R9, and ~(Cg-015)cycioa|kyl-R9; or when R2 is -N(R3)2
both of said R3 may be taken together with the en atom to which they are attached
to form a 4— to 6-membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two oxo
groups (0:) and optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently
selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, , -CN, ~CF3, -CHF2, —CH2F, -OH,
~O-(Ci-Cs)aikyl, NHg, 1—Cs)aikyl, -N[(C1-Ce)aikyl]2, (C1-Cs)aikyi, (Cg—C5)alkenyl,
(Cg-Cs)alkynyl, —(C=O)-R8, -(C=O)-OR8, -(C=O)-N(R8)2, -O-(C=O)-R8, -OR8,
O)—OR8, -SR8, —S(O)R8, —S(O)2R8, -S(O)2N(R8)2, -NH—(C=O)-R8, -NH-(C=O)—OR8,
W0 2012/1 14222
-o«c=oyNafih, -NH{C=O}NG¥h, -NKCrcaamwuc=oyRfi
-N[(C1—C6)alkyl](C=O)-OR8, -N[(C1~Cs)alkyl](C=O)-N(R8)2, (Cg-C15)cycloaikyl,
(Ce—Cio)aryl, (01-014)heterocyclic and (Cl-C14)heteroaryl; n said
(Cg-C15)Cycloalkyl and (01-014)heterocyclic may optionally contain one double or triple
bond and one to two oxo (0:) groups;
Each R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo,
(C1-Ce)alkyl, (Cg—C4)alkenyl, (Cg—Ce)alkynyl, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, or (C3-C15)cycloalkyl;
R4&1 is hydrogen, (C1-Cg)alkyl, )alkenyl, (Cg~C4)alkynyl, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F,
or (C3—C1s)cycloalkyl;
Rfla
(R7)n (R7)n
g"! N:l_
R53 R5b
(R7)n (RUn
_|:N N:‘_
_gvR6 ._g —>_R6
: KN/ 1
R5c R5d
N%_ N=N
-§<\ 6
/ “EJM /
N ’ ’
(Ron
RSe R5f
W0 2012/114222 PCT/132012/050589
where n is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4;
Each R8 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo,
(C1-C5)alkyl , ~CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, -CF2-(Cq-C6)alkyl, —SF5, —CN, —(C1-Ce)alkyI-CN, -N02,
-(C=O)—R8, -(C=O)-OR8, -OR8, O)—N(R8)2, -SR8, —S(O)R8, -S(O)2R8, NH2,
1-Cs)alkyl, —Ce)alkyl]2, -NH-(C=O)-R8, -NH-(C=O)—OR8, —N[(C1-
yl](C=O)—R8, -N[(Ci-Cs)alkyl](C=O)—OR8, (C1-Cs)a|kyl, (Cg—Ce)aikenyl,
(Cg-Ce)alkynyl, (C3—C15)cycloalkyl, (Ci—014)heterocyclic, (Ce-C10)aryl, and
(01-014)heteroaryl; wherein said (Cg-C15)cycloalky|, (C1-C14)heterocyclic, and
(C1-C14)heteroaryl may optionally contain one double or triple bond and one to two oxo
1O (O=) groups;
Each R7 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo,
(Ci—Ce)alkyl, (Cg-C4)alkenyl, (Cg-C5)alkynyl, -CN, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, -Cg)alkyl
and (Cs-Cts)CYCI08IkyI;
Each R8 wherever it occurs is independently selected from the group consisting
of hydrogen, (C1-Ce)alkyl, (Cg-C15)cycloalkyl, CB, and -CHF2; and
Each R9 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo,
-CF3, —CHF2, -CH2F, -CF2-(Ci-Ce)alkyl, —CN, -(C1-Cs)alkyl-CN, -N02, ~R8,
—(C=O)—OR8, -OR8, -O-(C=O)—N(R8)2, -SR8, ~S(O)R8, -S(O)2R8, NH2, -NH-(C1-Ce)alkyl,
-N[(C1-Ce)a|kyl]2, -NH—(C=O)-R8, ~NH-(C=O)—OR8, —N[(C1—Ce)alkyl](C=O)-R8,
—N[(C1-Ce)alkyl](C=O)-OR8, (C1-Cs)alkyl, (Cg-Ce)alkenyl, (Cg-Ce)alkynyl, (C3-
C15)cycloalky|, (C1-C14)heterocyclic, (Ce—Cio)aryl, and (C1—C14)heteroaryl; wherein said
(Cg-Cis)Cycloalkyl, 4)heterocyclic, and may optionally contain one double or triple
bond and one to two oxo (0:) groups; and wherein each of said (C3—C15)cycloalkyl, (Ci-
014)heterocyclic, (Cs-C10)aryl, and (C1-C14)heteroaryi moieties may be optionally
substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from (Ci-C5)aikyl, (Ci-
Ce)alkoxy, halo, and -CF3,
As used , the term "alkyl" is defined to include ted aliphatic
arbons including ht chains and branched chains. Preferably, the alkyl group
has 1 to 6 carbon atoms. For example, as used herein, the term "(C1-Ce)alkyl,” as well
as the alkyl moieties of other groups referred to herein (e.g., (C1-Cs)alkoxy), refers to
linear or branched radicals of 1 to 6 carbon atoms (e.g., methyl, ethyl, n-propyl,
isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert—butyl), optionally substituted by 1 to 5 le
substituents.
Whenever a numerical range is used in this ation, for example when 1 to 6
is used in the definition of “alkyl”, it means that the alkyl group may contain 1 carbon
atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, etc. up to and including 6 carbon atoms.
As used , the term "alkenyl" is defined to include tic hydrocarbons
having at least one carbon-carbon double bond, including straight chains and branched
chains having at least one carbon—carbon double bond. Preferably, the alkenyl group
1O has 2 to 6 carbon atoms. More ably, the l group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
For example, as used herein, the term "(Cz-Cs)alkenyl" means straight or ed
chain unsaturated radicals of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, including, but not limited to, ethenyl,
1-propenyl, 2-propenyl (allyl), isopropenyl, 2~methylpropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl,
and the like, optionally substituted by 1 to 5 suitable substituents. When the compounds
of Formula 1 contain an alkenyl group, the alkenyl group may exist as the pure E
(entgegen) form, the pure Z (zusammen) form, or any mixture thereof.
As used herein, the term "alkynyl" is defined to include aliphatic hydrocarbons
having at least one carbon—carbon triple bond, including ht chains and branched
chains having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Preferably, the alkynyl group has
has 2 to 6 carbon atoms. For example, as used , the term "(Cg-Cs)alkynyl” is
used herein to mean straight or branched hydrocarbon chain l radicals as defined
above, having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and one triple bond, optionally substituted by 1 to 5
suitable substituents.
As used herein, the term "cycloalkyl” is defined to include saturated or unsaturated
(non-aromatic) monocyclic or bicyclic hydrocarbon rings (e.g., monocyclics such as
cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, exyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, or cyclononyl or
bicyclics including bridged or fused systems such as bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl,
bicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl or bicyclo[5.2.0]nonanyl, etc.), optionally substituted by 1 to 5
suitable substituents. The cycloalkyl group has 3 to 15 carbon atoms. In one
embodiment the cycloalkyl may optionally contain one, two or more non—cumulative non-
W0 2012M14222
aromatic double or triple bonds and one to three oxo groups. Preferably, the bicycloalkyl
group has 6 to 15 carbon atoms. The bicycioalkyi is optionally tuted by 1 to 5
suitable substituents. In one embodiment the bicycloalkyi may ally contain one, two
or more non-cumulative non-aromatic double or triple bonds
As used herein, the term "aryl" is defined to include all—carbon monocyclic or
fused-ring polycyclic groups having a conjugated pi-electron system. The aryl group has
6, 8, or 10 carbon atoms in the ring(s). More commonly, the aryl group has 6 or 10
carbon atoms in the ring(s). Most commonly, the aryl group has 6 carbon atoms in the
ring. For example, as used herein, the term “(Cs-Cio)aryl” means aromatic radicals
1O containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl,
indanyl and the like. The aryl group is optionally substituted by 1 to 5 suitable
substituents.
As used herein, the term “heteroaryl” is defined to include monocyclic or fused-
ring polycyclic aromatic heterocyclic groups with one or more heteroatoms selected
from O, S and N in at least one ring. The heteroaryl group has 5 to 14 ring atoms,
ing 1 to 13 carbon atoms, and 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N.
Preferably, the heteroaryl group has 5 to 10 ring atoms including one to four
heteroatoms. The heteroaryl group also contains one to three oxo groups. More
preferably, the heteroaryl group has 5 to 8 ring atoms including one, two or three
heteroatoms. Monocyclic heteroaryls of particular interest include those with 5 ring
atoms including one to three heteroatoms or those with 6 ring atoms including one or
two nitrogen heteroatoms. Fused bicyclic heteroaryls of particular interest e two
fused 5 and/or 6 membered monocyclic rings including one to four heteroatoms.
Suitable aryls e pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, zinyl, thienyl,
furyi, olyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl (e.g., 1,3-oxazolyl, 1,2-oxazolyl), thiazolyl (e.g., 1,2-
thiazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl), pyrazolyl, tetrazolyl, lyl (e.g., 1,2,3—triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl),
oxadiazolyl (e.g., 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl), thiadiazolyl (e.g., 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl), quinolyl,
isoquinolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, indolyl, ne, pyrimidone, none,
pyrimidinone, and the like. The aryl group is optionally substituted by 1 to 5
suitable substituents.
W0 2012/1 14222
As used herein, the term “heterocyclic” is defined to include a monocyclic,
bridged polycyclic or fused clic, saturated or unsaturated, non-aromatic 3 to 14
membered ring system, 1 to 13 carbon atoms and including 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected
from O, S and N. The heterocyclic group also includes one to three 0x0 groups.
Examples of such heterocycloalkyl rings include azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl,
imidazolidinyl, pyrroiidinyl, dinyl, piperazinyl, oxazolidinyl, lidinyl,
pyrazolidinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydrothiazinyl, tetrahydrothiadiazinyl, morpholinyl,
oxetanyl, tetrahydrodiazinyl, yl, oxathiazinyl, indolinyl, olinyl, quinuclidinyl,
chromanyl, omanyl, benzoxazinyl, 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanone, 3—
1O azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, 3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane and the like. Further examples of
said heterocycloalkyl rings include ydrofuran-Z—yl, tetrahydrofuran—B—yl,
imidazolidin—1-yl, imidazolidin—Z-yl, imidazolidinyl, idin—1—yl, pyrroiidin-Z-yl,
pyrroiidinyl, piperidinyl, piperidin-Z-yl, piperidin-S—yl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl,
piperazin-2—yl, 1,3-oxazolidinyl, azolidine, 1,3-thiazolidin—3-yl, 1,2-pyrazolidin
yl, 1,2-tetrahydrothiazin-2—yl, 1,3-tetrahydrothiazin-B—yl, 1,2-tetrahydrodiazin-2—yl,
1,3-tetrahydrodiaziny|, azinyl, oxazolidinone, and the like. The
heterocycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted by 1 to 5 suitable substituents. Preferred
heterocyclics include 5 and 6 membered monocyclic rings or 9 and 10 membered fused
bicyclic rings.
As used herein, the term "halo" or en" group is defined to include fluorine,
chlorine, bromine or iodine.
As noted above, the compounds of Formula i may exist in the form of
pharmaceutically acceptable salts such as, e.g., acid addition salts and base on
salts of the compounds of Formula l. The phrase “pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s)”,
as used herein, unless othen/vise indicated, includes acid addition or base salts which
may be present in the nds of Formula I.
Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (l) include the
acid addition and base salts thereof.
Suitable acid addition salts are formed from acids which form non-toxic salts.
Examples include the acetate, adipate, aspartate, benzoate, besylate,
W0 14222
onate/carbonate, bisulphate/sulphate, borate, camsylate, citrate, cyclamate,
edisylate, esylate, formate, fumarate, gluceptate, gluconate, glucuronate,
hexafluorophosphate, ate, hydrochloride/chloride, hydrobromide/bromide,
hydroiodide/iodide, isethionate, lactate, malate, maleate, malonate, mesylate,
methylsulphate, naphthylate, 2—napsylate, nicotinate, e, orotate, oxalate, palmitate,
pamoate, phosphate/hydrogen phosphate/dihydrogen phosphate, pyroglutamate,
saccharate, stearate, succinate, tannate, te, tosylate, trifluoroacetate and xinofoate
salts.
Suitable base salts are formed from bases which form non-toxic salts. Examples
include the aluminium, arginine, benzathine, calcium, choline, diethylamine, diolamine,
glycine, lysine, magnesium, meglumine, olamine, potassium, sodium, tromethamine and
zinc salts.
Hemisalts of acids and bases may also be formed, for example, hemisulphate
and hemicalcium salts.
For a review on suitable salts, see Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts:
Properties, Selection, and Use by Stahl and Wermuth (Wiley-VCH, 2002). s for
making pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of Formula l are known to one
of skill in the art.
As used herein the terms “Formula I” and “Formula I or pharmaceutically
acceptable salts thereof” are defined to include all forms of the compound of Formula |,
including hydrates, solvates, isomers, lline and ystalline forms, isomorphs,
rphs, metabolites, and prodrugs thereof.
Compounds of Formula l or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may exist
in unsolvated and solvated forms. When the solvent or water is tightly bound, the
complex will have a well—defined stoichiometry independent of humidity. When,
r, the solvent or water is weakly bound, as in channel solvates and hygroscopic
compounds, the water/solvent t will be dependent on humidity and drying
conditions. in such cases, non-stoichiometry will be the norm.
The nds of Formula I may exist as clathrates or other xes.
Included within the scope of the invention are complexes such as clathrates, drug-host
inclusion complexes wherein, in contrast to the entioned solvates, the drug and
host are present in stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts. Also included are
complexes of the Formula I containing two or more c and/or inorganic
components which may be in iometric or non-stoichiometric amounts. The
resulting complexes may be ionized, partially ionized, or non—ionized. For a review of
such complexes, see J. K. Haleblian, J. Pharm. Sci. 1975, 64, 1269—1288.
Also included within the scope of the invention are metabolites of compounds of
Formula i, that is, compounds formed in vivo upon administration of the drug. The
metabolites of Formula I include compounds wherein R1 is hydroxy-alkyl.
1O The compounds of Formula i may have tric carbon atoms. The carbon—
carbon bonds of the compounds of Formula l may be depicted herein using a solid line
( ), a solid wedge (“""" ), or a dotted wedge (""""”“). The use of a solid line to
depict bonds to tric carbon atoms is meant to indicate that all possible
stereoisomers (e.g. specific enantiomers, racemic mixtures, etc.) at that carbon atom
are included. The use of either a solid or dotted wedge to depict bonds to tric
carbon atoms is meant to indicate that only the isomer shown is meant to be
included. It is possible that compounds of Formula I may contain more than one
asymmetric carbon atom. in those compounds, the use of a solid line to depict bonds to
asymmetric carbon atoms is meant to te that all le stereoisomers are meant
to be included. For example, unless stated otherwise, it is intended that the compounds
of Formula I can exist as enantiomers and diastereomers or as racemates and mixtures
thereof. The use of a solid line to depict bonds to one or more asymmetric carbon
atoms in a nd of Formula l and the use of a solid or dotted wedge to depict
bonds to other asymmetric carbon atoms in the same compound is meant to indicate
that a mixture of diastereomers is present.
Stereoisomers of Formula I include cis and trans isomers, optical isomers such
as R and S enantiomers, diastereomers, geometric isomers, rotational isomers,
conformational isomers, and tautomers of the compounds of Formula I, ing
compounds exhibiting more than one type of ism; and mixtures thereof (such as
racemates and diastereomeric pairs). Also included are acid addition or base addition
W0 2012/114222
salts wherein the counterion is optically active, for example, D-lactate or L-lysine, or
racemic, for example, DL-tartrate or DL-arginine.
When any racemate llizes, ls of two different types are possible. The
first type is the racemic compound (true racemate) referred to above wherein one
homogeneous form of crystal is produced containing both enantiomers in equimolar
amounts. The second type is the racemic mixture or conglomerate wherein two forms of
crystal are produced in equimolar s each comprising a single enantiomer.
The compounds of the Formula i may exhibit the phenomena of tautomerism and
structural isomerism. For example, the compounds of Formula I may exist in l
eric forms, including the enol and imine form, and the keto and enamine form
and geometric isomers and mixtures thereof. All such tautomeric forms are included
within the scope of compounds of Formula l. Tautomers exist as mixtures of a
tautomeric set in solution. In solid form, usually one tautomer predominates. Even
though one tautomer may be bed, the present invention includes all tautomers of
the compounds of Formula I.
The present invention also includes isotopically-labeled compounds, which are
identical to those recited in Formula | above, but for the fact that one or more atoms are
replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic
mass or mass number usually found in nature. Examples of isotopes that may be
incorporated into compounds of a l include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon,
nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, fluorine and chlorine, such as, but not limited to, 2H, 3H,
13C, 14C, 15N, 17O, 18O, 32F, 358, 18F, and 360i. n isotopically-Iabeled compounds
of a I, for example those into which ctive es such as 3H and 14C are
incorporated, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution assays. Tritiated,
i.e., 3H, and carbon-14, i.e., 14C, isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of
preparation and ability. Further, substitution with r isotopes such as
deuterium, i.e., 2H, can afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater
metabolic stability, for example increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage
requirements and, hence, may be preferred in some circumstances. Isotopically-
labeled compounds of Formula i may lly be prepared by carrying out the
procedures disclosed in the Schemes and/or in the Examples and Preparations below,
by substituting an isotopicalIy-Iabeled reagent for a non-isotopically-labeled reagent.
A specific embodiment of the present invention relates to nds of the
Formula I
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt f wherein:
“-A-R5” is:
A1 R5
R1 is -(C1-Ce)a|ky| (more specifically methyl or ethyl; even more specifically
methyl);
R2 is -NHR3, or —N(R3)2;
Each R3 is independently selected from the group ting of —(C1-Ce)alkyI-R9,
-(Cg—Ce)alkenyl—R9, e)alkynyl-R9, and -(Cg-Cis)cycloalkyl-R9 (more specifically
-(Ci—Cs)alkyl-R9 and even more specifically ); or when R2 is -N(R3)2 both of said
R3 may be taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a
4- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring optionally tuted with one to three substituents
independently selected from the group consisting of en, fluoro, -CN, -CF3, -CHF2,
-CH2F, -OH, -O-(Ci-Cs)alkyl, NH2, -NH—(C1-Cs)alkyl, -N[(C1-Cs)alkyl]2, (C1-Ce)alkyl,
(Cg—C6)alkenyl, (Cg-Ce)alkynyl, -(C=O)-R8, -(C=O)—OR8, —(C=O)—N(R8)2 ~O-(C=O)-R8,
-OR8, -O-(C=O)-OR8, -SR8, -S(O)R8, -S(O)2R8, -S(O)2N(R8)2, -NH-(C=O)-R8,
-NH-(C=O)—OR8, -O-(C=O)-N(R8)2, -NH-(C=O)—N(R8)2, -N[(01-Ce)alkyl](C=O)-R8,
—N[(C1-Ce)alkyl](C=O)-OR8, -N[(01—Ce)alky|](C=O)—N(R8)2, (Cs-015)Cycloalkyl,
W0 2012/1 14222
o)aryl, (C1-C14)heterocyclic, and (Ci—C14)heteroaryl; (more specifically one or two
substituents wherein said substituent(s) is en, fluoro, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, -OH,
-O-(C1-Cs)alkyl, NHz, -NH—(C1—Ce)alkyl, -N[(C1-Ce)alkyl]2, (C1-C6)alkyl, or
-NH-(C=O)—OR8; even more ically wherein said substituent(s) is hydrogen, fluoro,
methoxy, or methylcarbamate);
R4 is hydrogen;
R43 is (Ci-C6)alkyl (more specifically methyl or ethyl; even more specifically
methyl);
R5 is:
(R7)n (R7)n
-l- N=l_
6 6
R53 R5b
(R6,, (R7)n
—’:N NzL
‘EQRG or
, €ka,
R50 R5d
where n is O, 1, 2, 3, or 4 (more specifically wherein n is O, 1 or 2)(more ically
wherein R7 is hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, methyl, methoxy, or cyano; and even more
specifically wherein R6 is chloro, bromo, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, -CF3, ~CF20H3,
-OCF3, -OCHF2, N02, -(C=O)—CH3, (Cg—Cis)cycloalkyl, or isopropyl;
A specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-(1H—
pyrazolyl)imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula la, n Formula |
contains the group A1R5:
W0 2012/114222 2012/050589
N 4a
R4 / \N/R
R2 I
N/ /
KN»: N
R1 la
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5—
idazolyl)imidazo[1,5-fl[1,2,4]triazine compounds of a lb, wherein
Formula l contains the group A2R5.
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
(1H—pyrazoIyl)imidazo[1,5-f][‘l,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula lc, wherein
Formula I contains the group A3R5.
Another specific embodiment of the t invention relates to the so called 5-
(5-phenyl-1H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[1,5—r][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula Id,
wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted phenyl.
W0 2012.1114222
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
nyl-1H—imidazol—5-yl)imidazo[‘i,5—fl[1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula le,
wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted phenyl.
(R7)n
le
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5—
(4-phenyl-1H—pyrazolyi)imidazo[1,5-1‘][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula If,
n R5 is depicted as optionally substituted phenyl.
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[5-(pyridinyl)—1H—pyrazolyl]imidazo[1,5—fl[’l,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula lg,
wherein R5 is ed as optionally substituted pyridin—Z—yl.
W0 2012/1 14222 PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[1—(pyridin—2—yl)—1H—imidazol-S-yl]imidazo[1,5—2‘][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula lh,
wherein R5 is depicted as ally substituted pyridin-2—yl.
R4 R4
R2 \ Y
N (Ri)n
N/ / /
K ,N N
\</ /
N R5
in
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[4-(pyridinyI)-1H—pyrazolyl]imidazo[‘l,5-f][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula ii,
respectively, wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyridin—2-yl.
Another specific embodiment of the t invention relates to the so called 5-
[5-(pyridin—3-yl)-1H-pyrazol—4-yl]imidazo[1,5~f][1,2,4]triazine compounds of a I],
wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyridin~3—yl.
W0 2012f1 14222 ZOIZ/050589
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[1-(pyridin—3—yl)—1H—imidazolyl]imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula lk,
wherein R5 is ed as optionally substituted pyridin-3—yl.
N R4
R4 \7/
R2 \
N (Win
/ /
k N /
\N/ N /
R1 lk
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[4-(pyridinyl)—1H-pyrazoIyl]imidazo[1,5-f][i,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula II,
wherein R5 is depicted as optionally tuted pyridin—3-yl.
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[5-(pyrazinyl)—1H—pyrazoIyl]imidazo[1,5-1‘][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula lm,
wherein R5 is ed as optionally substituted pyrazin—2-yl.
W0 2012f1 14222 2012/050589
Another specific ment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
razin-2—yl)-‘lH—imidazol—5—yi]imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula in,
wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyrazinyl.
\NYR
(R7)n
E»:/N NZ/sz)
Another specific embodiment of the present ion relates to the so called 5-
[4-(pyrazin-2—yl)—‘lH-pyrazoI—5-yl]imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula Io,
wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyrazinyl.
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[5-(pyrimidinyl)-‘lH—pyrazolyl]imidazo[1,5-1‘][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula
lp, wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyrimidin-Z—yl.
PCT/IBZOI2/050589
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[1-(pyrimidinyl)—1H—imidazolyl]imidazo[‘l,5-fJ[1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula
lq, wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyrimidin—2-yl.
r specific ment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[4-(pyrimidinyl)-1H-pyrazoly|]imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula Ir,
wherein R5 is ed as optionally substituted pyrimidinyl.
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[5-(pyridazin—3-yl)—1H—pyrazolyl]imidazo[1,5-Ifl[’l,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula
ls, wherein R5 is depicted as optionally tuted pyridazin-3—yl.
W0 2012/114222
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[1-(pyridazinyl)—l H—imidazolyl]imidazo[5,1~fl[l ,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula
it, wherein R5 is depicted as ally substituted pyrldazin-3—yl.
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5-
[4-(pyridazinyl)-1H-pyrazolyl]imidazo[5,1-f][‘|,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula
lu, wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyridazinyl.
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5—
[5-(pyrimidinyI)-1H—pyrazol-4—yl]imidazo[1,5—I][1,2,4]triazine compounds of a
Iv, wherein R5 is depicted as ally substituted pyrimidin—S—yl.
W0 14222 PCT/[32012/050589
Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to the so called 5—
[1—(pyrimidin-5—yl)-‘lH-imidazol-S—yl1imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazine compounds lw, wherein
R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyrimidin—5-yl.
Another specific embodiment of the t invention relates to the so called 5-
[4-(pyrimidinyi)-‘lH-pyrazolyl]imidazo[1,5—fl[1,2,4]triazine compounds of Formula
Ix, wherein R5 is depicted as optionally substituted pyrimidin—5—yl.
Another embodiment of particular interest relates to compounds of a I
(and Formulae la-lx) wherein R2 is -(C1-Ce)a|kyl-R9, —NHR3, —N(R3)2, -O-(C1-Ce)alkyl—R9,
or -OR8. Specific R2 groups of particular interest include -NHR3 (particularly wherein R3
is methyl, ethyl or propyl), and -N(R3)2 (particularly wherein the two R3 groups are taken
together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form an ally
substituted azetidinyl group, particularly when optionally substituted the substituents are
selected from en, fluoro, o or methoxy). Other more specific R2 include
PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
-(Cr-Ce)alkyl-R9 and —O-(C1-Ce)alkyl—R9, particularly wherein R9 is hydrogen, fluoro,
-CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, or -CF2—(Cr-Ce)alkyl, Separately, the invention also includes those
compounds wherein R2 is ~OR8, particularly wherein R8 is hydrogen, -CF3, -CHF2,
methyl or ethyl.
Another ment of particular interest relates to nds of Formula l
(and Formulae Ia-lx) n R2 is (C3-C1s)cycloalkyl, o)aryl, (C1-Cr4)heterocyclic,
or 4)heteroaryl; wherein said (Cg~Crs)cycloalkyl and (Cr-014)heterocyclic may
optionally n one or two double or triple bonds and one to three 0x0 (0:) groups;
more specifically wherein the (Cr-C14)heterocyclic, or (C1—C14)heteroaryl contain one or
1O two nitrogen atoms.
Another embodiment of particular interest relates to compounds of Formula I
(and Formulae Ia-lx) wherein R6 is halo, —CF3, —CHF2, or -CH2F; more specifically
wherein R6 is halo. Alternatively compounds of specific st include the fluoromethyl
substituents -CF3, -CHF2, or -CH2F.
Another embodiment of particular interest s to compounds of Formula I
(and Formulae la-lx) wherein R6 is —(C=O)—R8, -(C=O)-OR8, -OR8, )-N(R8)2, -SR8,
-S(O)R8, —S(O)2R8, NH2, —NH-(Cl-Ce)alkyl, -N[(C1-Cs)alkyl]2, -NH-(C=O)-R8,
-NH-(C=O)—OR8, —O-(C=O)—N(R8)2, -N((Cr~C5)alkyl)—(C=O)—R8, or
-N((01-C6)alkyl)-(C=O)-OR8; more specifically wherein R6 is —(C=O)—R8, —(C=O)—OR8,
-OR8, or —O(C=O)—N(R8)2. Separately, the present invention contemplate the so called
amino compounds NH2, -NH-(C1-C6)alkyl, —N[(C1-C6)alkyl]2, ~NH—(C=O)~R8,
~NH—(C=O)-OR8, O)—N(R8)2, —N((01-Cs)alkyl)-(C=O)-R8, or
-Ce)a|kyl)-(C=O)-OR8. tely, the present invention contemplate the so called
thio compounds -SR8, -S(O)R8, or —S(O)2R8.
Another embodiment of particular interest relates to compounds of Formula I
(and Formulae la-lx) wherein R6 is (Cr-Ce)alkyl, (Cg—Ce)a|kenyl, (Cg—Ce)alkynyl,
(Cg—Crs)cycloalkyl, (Ce-C1o)aryl, or (01—014)heteroaryl; more specifically wherein R6 is
(C1-Cs)alkyl, (Cg-Ce)a|kenyl or (Cg—Ce)alkynyl. Separately, the present invention
contemplate the ring compounds (Cs—C15)cycloalkyl, (C1-C14)heterocyclic, (Ce-C1o)aryl,
or (Cr-C14)heteroaryl.
W0 2012/114222
Another embodiment of interest relates to compounds of Formula | (and
Formulae la-lx) wherein at least one substituent includes a SF5 moiety.
Each of the foregoing embodiments is ed to be interpreted as a single
embodiment as well as an embodiment taken in combination with each of the previous
aforesaid ments (e.g. each R6 ment is taken together with R2 and with
Formulae la—lx).
In another embodiment, the invention also relates to the compounds described
as Examples 1-86 in the Examples section of the subject application, and
pharmaceutically acceptable salts f.
1O In another embodiment the invention relates to a compound of Formula l n
said compound is:
4-(azetidinyl)—7-methyl-5—[1—methyl(4-methy|phenyl)—1 H—pyrazol
yl]imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidinyl)—7—methyl{1-methyl-5—[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyI]-1 H-pyrazol
yl}imidazo[5,1-I‘][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidinyl)methyl{1-methyl~5-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridinyl]-1 H-
pyrazolyl}imidazo[5,1 -I] [1 ,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidin-1—yl)—5—[5-(4-chlorophenyl)methyl—1 H—pyrazoIyl]-7—
methylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine;
4—(azetidin-1—yl)—5-[5—(5-chIoropyridin—2-y|)methyl~1 H—pyrazoIyl]-7—
methylimidazo[5,1-fl[1,2,4]triazine;
-{5—[4—(d omethyl)phenyI]-1 -methyI-1 H-pyrazolyl}-N,7-
dimethylimidazo[5,1~f][1,2,4]triazin—4-amine;
7—methyI-N—(d3)methyI—5—{1-methyl[4—(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1 zol
yl}imidazo[5,1-t][1,2,4]triazinamine;
N,7-dimethyl{1-methyl-5~[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2—yl]-1 H—pyrazol
yl}imidazo[5,1-l][1,2,4]triazinamine;
4-(azetidinyl)—5-{5-[3-fluoro(trifluoromethyl)pyridiny|]-1~methyI-1 H-
pyrazolyl}methylimidazo[5,1 -fl[i ,2,4]triazine;
W0 20121114222
N,7-dimethyl—5-{1—methyl-5—[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridinyl]-1H—pyrazol
yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4~amine;
4-(azetidinyl){5-[2-fluoro(trifluoromethyl)pyridinyl]methyI-1 H-
pyrazol-4—yl}methylimidazo[5,1 -f][1 ,2,4]triazine;
N,7-dimethyl—5-{1-methyl—5—[4—(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1 H—pyrazol—4—
yl}imidazo[5,‘l -f][’l riazin-4—amine;
4-(azetidinyl)—5-{5~[4~(difluoromethyl)phenyl]—1—methyl-1H-pyrazol-4—yl}—7—
methylimidazo[5,‘l -f][1,2,4]triazine;
4—(3-fluoroazetidin—1-yl)—7-methyl-5~{1-methyl[4—(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]—i H—
pyrazol—4-yl}imidazo[5,1—f][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidiny|)[5-(4—bromophenyl)~1~methyl—1H—pyrazolyl]
methylimidazo[5,1 -f][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidin—1-yl)—5-{5-[4—(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]—’l-methyl-1H—pyrazolyl}—7—
methylimidazo[5,1-fl[1,2,4]triazine;
idinylmethyl-5—{1-methyl[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazinyl]-1 H-
pyrazolyl}imidazo[5,1 -fl[1,2,4]triazine;
4-azetidin-1~yl[5—(5-bromopyridinyl)—1—methyl-1 H—pyrazol—4—le
methylimidazo[5,1-I][1,2,4]triazine; or
methyl{1-methyl—5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazin-2—yl]-1 H—pyrazol-4—
yl}imidazo[5,1—fl[1,2,4]triazinamine; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts f.
In another embodiment the invention relates to compounds of Formula I yet to be
prepared selected from the group
-(5-(3—fluoro(trifluoromethyl)pyridinyl)—1~methyl-1 H—pyrazol—4-yl)—N,7—
dimethylimidazo[5,1-l][1,2,4]triazinamine;
4-(azetidinyl)methyl(1 -methyl~5—(3-methyl(trifluoromethyl)pyrazin-2—yl)-
1H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,l -f][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidinyl)-7—methyl(1-methyl-5—(3—methyl(trifluoromethyl)pyridinyl)-
azol—4-yl)imidazo[5,1 -f] [1 ,2,4]triazine;
N,7-dimethyl(1-methy|(3-methyl(trifluoromethyl)pyrazinyl)-i H—pyrazol-
4-yl)imidazo[5,1-fl[1,2,4]triazinamine;
W0 2012(114222 PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
-(5-(3-chloro(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2—yl)-1—methyI-1 H-pyrazoIy|)-N,7—
dimethylimidazo[5,1-z][1,2,4]triazinamine;
-(5-(5-bromo—3—fluoropyridin—2-yl)—1 —methyl—1 zolyl)—N,7—
dimethylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4—amine;
4-(azetidin-1 -yl)—5—(5-(3-chIoro(trifluoromethyl)pyrid in-2—yl)—1 -methyl-1 H-
pyrazoIyl)—7-methy|imidazo[5,1 -fl[1 ,2,4]triazine;
N,7-dimethyI(1-methyt(3-methyl(trifluoromethyl)pyridinyl)-1 H-pyrazol-
4-yl)imidazo[5,1~f][1,2,4]triazinamine;
-(5-(5-bromochIoropyridin-2~yl)—1-methyl—1 H~pyrazolyl)—N,7—
dimethylimidazo[5,1-fl[1,2,4]triazin-4—amine;
-(5—(5-bromomethylpyridin—2—yl)~1~methyl-1 H—pyrazol-4—yl)-N,7~
dimethylimidazo[5,1-fl[1,2,4]triazin-4—amine;
-(1 ,3-dimethyl(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2—yI)—1H—pyrazot—4—yl)-N,7-
dimethylimidazo[5,1-t][1,2,4]triazinamine;
4-(azetidin—1-y|)-5—(1 ,3-dimethyl(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-Z-yI)—1 H-pyrazoI
y|)-7—methylimidazo[1,5-t][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidinyI)—5-(1 ,3-dimethyl(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazin-Z—yl)—‘I zoI—4-
methylimidazo[1,5-t][1,2,4]triazine;
3—(1-methyl—4-(7-methyl(2,2,2—trifluoroethyl)imidazo[5,1 ~fl[1,2,4]triazinyl)—
1 H—pyrazol—S—yl)aniline;
4-chlorophenyl)~1 -methyl-1 H-pyrazoI-4—yl)—7—methyIphenylimidazo[5,1 -
f][1,2,4]triazine;
7—cyclopropyl—5—(5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1methyl-1 H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,1 ~
fl[1,2,4]triazinyl acetate;
4-(4-(4-methoxy—7—methylimidazo[5,1 -f][1,2,4]triazin—5-yI)-1—methyl-1H-pyrazol—S-
yl)benzonitrile;
7-methyI(1-methyl(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyI)—1 H—pyrazoIyl)imidazo[5,1 -
f][1,2,4]triazinyl hydrogen carbonate;
methyl 4-(1 -methyl(7-methyI(2-methylcyclopentyl)imidazo[5,1 -
11H ,2,4]triazinyl)—1H-pyrazolyl)benzoate;
PCT/132012/050589
4-(4—(4-(cyclopenta-1,3-dieny|)methylimidazo[5,1 -11[1,2,4]triazinyl)-‘l-
methyl-1H-pyrazolyl)-N-methyianiline;
-(5-(3-fluoro(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 -methyl-1 zolyl)-7—methyl
(pyrrolidin—3—yl)imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine;
—(5-(4-methoxy—3-methylphenyl)—’|—methyl-1H—pyrazoI-4—yl)—7-methyl(1-
methyl—iH—pyrazoI-S—yl)imidazo[5,l-f][1,2,4]triazine;
2—methyl(2-methyl-5~(4-(pyrrolidin—l ~yl)~7~(trif|uoromethyl)imidazo[5,1 -
f][1,2,4]triazin-5—yl)—1H—imidazoI-l-yl)phenyl acetate;
4-(5-(4—(azetidinyl)methylimidazo[5,1 ~fl[1 ,2,4]triazin—5-yl)-3—methyi-1 H-
pyrazolyl)benzonitrile;
4—(azetidiny|)(4-(5~(difluoromethyl)pyridin—2—yl)—3-methyI—1 H-pyrazol-S—yl)-7—
imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine;
l-(5—(5-(4-(azetidinyl)—7-methylimidazo[5,1 —r][’l ,2,4]triazin—5-yl)-3—methyl~1 H-
pyrazoI-4—yl)pyridin-Z-yl)ethanone;
4-(azetidiny|)—5-(4-(5-ethylpyrazin-Z—yl)—3-methyl-1 H-pyrazol—5-yl)
methylimidazo[5,‘l -f][‘l ,2,4]triazine;
tidin-1—y|)(4-(5-chloropyrimidin-2—yI)—3—methyl-1 H—pyrazolyl)—7-
methylimidazo[5,1—f][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidinyl)—5-(4—(5,6—dimethylpyridazinyl)-3—methyl—1H—pyrazoI—5-yl)—7-
methyiimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine;
4-(azetidinyi)—5-(4—(2,4-bis(trif|uoromethyl)pyrimidin-5—yl)methyi—1 H—pyrazol-
-yi)methylimidazo[5,1 ~f][l ,2,4]triazine;
tidin-1~yl)-5—(l—(4-f|uoro-Z-methylpyrimidin—5-yl)-2—methyI—1 H-imidazoi-5—yl)-
7—methylimidazo[5,1-I][1,2,4]triazine;
or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
The present invention also s to compositions comprising a compound of
Formula I or an acceptable salt thereof (e.g., pharmaceutical itions).
Accordingly, in one embodiment, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
comprising a compound of Formula I, ally including a pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier and, optionally, at least one additional medicinal or pharmaceutical agent. In one
embodiment, the additional medicinal or pharmaceutical agent is an anti-schizophrenia
agent as described below.
The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may comprise any conventional
pharmaceutical carrier or excipient. Suitable ceutical carriers include inert
diluents or fillers, water and various organic solvents (such as hydrates and solvates).
The pharmaceutical compositions may, if desired, contain additional ingredients such as
flavorings, binders, excipients and the like. Thus for oral administration, tablets
containing various excipients, such as citric acid, may be employed er with
various disintegrants such as starch, alginic acid and certain complex silicates and with
binding agents such as sucrose, gelatin and . Additionally, lubricating agents
such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl e and talc are often useful for tableting
purposes. Solid itions of a similar type may also be ed in soft and hard
filled gelatin capsules. miting examples of materials, therefore, include e or
milk sugar and high molecular weight polyethylene glycols. When aqueous
sions or elixirs are desired for oral administration the active compound therein
may be combined with various ning or flavoring agents, coloring matters or dyes
and, if desired, emulsifying agents or suspending agents, er with ts such as
water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, or combinations thereof.
The pharmaceutical ition may, for example, be in a form suitable for oral
administration as a tablet, capsule, pill, powder, sustained release formulation, solution
or suspension, for parenteral injection as a sterile solution, suspension or emulsion, for
topical administration as an ointment or cream or for rectal administration as a
suppository.
Exemplary parenteral administration forms include ons or suspensions of
active compounds in sterile aqueous solutions, for example, aqueous propylene glycol
or dextrose solutions. Such dosage forms may be suitably buffered, if desired.
The pharmaceutical composition may be in unit dosage forms suitable for single
administration of precise dosages. One of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate that
the composition may be formulated in sub-therapeutic dosage such that multiple doses
are envisioned.
PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
In one preferred embodiment the composition comprises a eutically
effective amount of a compound of a I and optionally including a
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
Another ment of the invention includes a method for the ng of
schizophrenia or psychosis in a , preferably a human, comprising administering
to said mammal (preferably a human) a eutically effective amount of a compound
of Formula l or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Another embodiment of the ion includes a method for treating a PDE2
mediated disorder, comprising administering to a mammal (preferably a human) in need
f an amount of a compound of Formula | effective in inhibiting PDE2; more
preferably, administering an amount of a compound of Formula l effective in selectively
inhibiting PDE2.
Another embodiment of the invention es a method for treating neurological
disorders (such as migraine; epilepsy; Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; brain
; stroke; cerebrovascular diseases (including cerebral arteriosclerosis, cerebral
amyloid angiopathy, hereditary cerebral hemorrhage, and brain hypoxia-ischemia);
cognitive disorders (including amnesia, senile dementia, HIV associated dementia,
Alzheimer’s associated dementia, Huntington’s associated dementia, Lewy body
dementia, vascular dementia, drug related dementia, delirium, and mild ive
impairment); mental deficiency (including Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome);
sleep disorders ding hypersomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorder, ia,
parasomnia, and sleep deprivation) and psychiatric disorders (such as anxiety
(including acute stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder,
panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder);
factitious er (including acute hallucinatory mania); impulse control disorders
(including compulsive gambling and intermittent explosive disorder); mood disorders
(including bipolar | disorder, bipolar II disorder, mania, mixed affective state, major
depression, chronic depression, seasonal depression, psychotic depression, and
postpartum depression); psychomotor ers; psychotic ers (including
schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform, and delusional disorder);
WO 14222 PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
drug dependence (including narcotic dependence, alcoholism, amphetamine
dependence, e addiction, nicotine dependence, and drug withdrawal syndrome);
eating ers (including anorexia, a, binge eating disorder, hyperphagia, and
pagophagia); and pediatric psychiatric disorders (including attention deficit disorder,
attention deficit/hyperactive disorder, conduct disorder, and autism) in a ,
preferably a human, comprising stering to said mammal a therapeutically
effective amount of a compound of Formula l or pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof.
Another embodiment of the invention includes a method for the treatment of
schizophrenia.
Another embodiment of the ion includes a method for the treatment of
cognitive ment associated with schizophrenia.
The term "therapeutically effective amount" as used herein refers to that amount
of the compound being stered which will reiieve to some extent one or more of
the symptoms of the disorder being treated. In reference to the treatment of
schizophrenia, a therapeutically effective amount refers to that amount which has the
effect of relieving to some extent (or, preferably, eiiminating) one or more symptoms
associated with schizophrenia.
The term "treating", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, means ing,
alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, or preventing the disorder or condition to which
such term applies, or one or more ms of such disorder or condition. The term
"treatment", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to the act of treating as
"treating" is defined immediately above. The term “treating” also includes adjuvant and
neo-adjuvant treatment of a subject.
Administration of the compounds of Formula I may be effected by any method
that enables delivery of the compounds to the site of action. These methods include
orai routes, intranasal routes, inhaled routes, intraduodenal routes, parenteral injection
(including enous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravascular or infusion), l,
and rectal administration.
In one ment of the t invention, the compounds of Formula I may be
preferably ed by oral .
Dosage regimens may be adjusted to provide the optimum desired response. For
example, a single bolus may be administered, l divided doses may be
administered over time or the dose may be proportionally reduced or increased as
indicated by the exigencies of the therapeutic situation. It is especially advantageous to
formulate parenteral compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and
uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form, as used herein, refers to physically discrete
units suited as unitary dosages for the mammalian subjects to be d; each unit
containing a predetermined quantity of active compound calculated to produce the
desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. The
ication for the dosage unit forms of the invention are dictated by and directly
dependent on (a) the unique characteristics of the chemotherapeutic agent and the
particular therapeutic or prophylactic effect to be achieved, and (b) the limitations
inherent in the art of compounding such an active compound for the treatment of
sensitivity in individuals. In one embodiment of the present invention, the compounds of
Formula i may preferably be used to treat humans.
it is to be noted that dosage values may vary with the type and severity of the
condition to be alleviated, and may e single or le doses. It is to be further
understood that for any particular subject, specific dosage regimens should be adjusted
over time according to the individual need and the professional nt of the person
stering or supervising the administration of the compositions, and that dosage
ranges set forth herein are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope or
practice of the claimed composition. For example, doses may be adjusted based on
cokinetic or pharmacodynamic parameters, which may include clinical effects
such as toxic s and/or laboratory values. Thus, the present invention
encompasses intra—patient dose-escalation as determined by the skilled artisan.
Determining appropriate dosages and regimens for administration of the
chemotherapeutic agent is well-known in the relevant art and would be understood to be
encompassed by the d artisan once provided the teachings disclosed herein.
PCTlIB2012/050589
The amount of the compound of Formula I administered will be ent on the
subject being treated, the severity of the disorder or condition, the rate of administration,
the disposition of the compound and the discretion of the prescribing physician.
However, an effective dosage is in the range of about 0.01 to about 50 mg per kg body
weight per day, preferably about 0.01 to about 5 mg/kg/day, in single or divided doses.
For a 70 kg human, this would amount to about 0.7 mg to about 3500 mg/day,
preferably about 5 mg to about 2000 mg/day. in some instances, dosage levels below
the lower limit of the aforesaid range may be more than adequate, while in other cases
still larger doses may be employed without causing any harmful side effect, provided
1O that such larger doses are first d into several small doses for administration
throughout the day.
As used , the term “combination therapy” refers to the administration of a
compound of Formula I er with an at least one additional pharmaceutical or
medicinal agent (e.g., an anti-schizophrenia agent), either sequentially or
simultaneously.
As noted above, the compounds of Formula I may be used in combination with
one or more onal chizophrenia agents which are bed below. When a
combination therapy is used, the one or more additional anti—schizophrenia agents may
be administered sequentially or simultaneously with the compound of the invention. In
one embodiment, the additional anti-schizophrenia agent is administered to a mammal
(e.g., a human) prior to administration of the compound of the invention. in another
embodiment, the additional anti-schizophrenia agent is administered to the mammal
after administration of the compound of the ion. in another ment, the
additional chizophrenia agent is administered to the mammal (e.g., a human)
simultaneously with the administration of the compound of the invention.
The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of
schizophrenia in a mammal, including a human, which comprises an amount of a
compound of Formula l, as defined above (including hydrates, solvates and polymorphs
of said compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof), in combination with
one or more (preferably one to three) anti-schizophrenia agents such as ziprasidone,
W0 2012/114222
risperdone, pine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, asenapine, blonanserin, or Iloperidone,
wherein the amounts of the active agent and the ation when taken as a whole
are therapeutically effective for treating schizophrenia.
Detailed Description of the Invention
Compounds of the Formula i may be prepared according to the following reaction
schemes and accompanying discussion. Unless otherwise indicated, R1 through R8, A,
and n, and ural Formula l are as defined above in the reaction schemes and
discussion that follow. in general the compounds of this invention can be made by
processes which e processes analogous to those known in the chemical arts,
ularly in light of the description contained herein. Certain processes for the
manufacture of the compounds of this invention are provided as further features of the
invention and are rated by the following reaction schemes. Other processes may be
described in the experimental section.
Scheme 1
PCT/182012/050589
Scheme3
O A’X L
HNM NM
K ,N /N
\{ Kx ,N
N N \<I
VI V
0 Br L Br
HNM NM
K ,N /N \ N//N
N ‘< N’ ‘<
R1 R1
IX VIII
Scheme5
O A’X
HN/UWA
K ,N /N
N \<
PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
Scheme 6
XIII XII XI x
O A’X
N’ \t
Scheme?
,P2 o
\ O 0 Br
10H /k0 0
JNL P2
M ‘0 / \O /
—’ N —> N
1 N HN / HN /
R NH2 /
H/N \<R1 \<R1
HO R1
XVIII XVII XVI xv
O A’X 0 Br 0 Br
K ,N\/<N K ,N\/<N N
N /
N N H2N
R1 R1 R1
VI Ix XIV
Scheme 1 refers to the preparation of compounds of Formula I. Referring to
Scheme 1, compounds of Formula I wherein R5 is bonded to a carbon atom in group A
are prepared from compounds of a II wherein “A-X” is
W0 20121014222
ngFfia’N\ or
and X is H, Cl, Br, l, or triflate, by palladium-catalyzed coupling on with a
reagent of Formula R53 — R59:
(R7)n (R7)n (R7)n
Z \ R6
ZVRG
<I=<7>n
Depending on the type of reaction employed, Z may represent Br, B(OH)2 or
B(OR)2, or a trialkyitin moiety. For example, when X is halogen or triflate and the R5
t is a boronic acid or boronic ester, a Suzuki reaction may be used [A. Suzuki, J.
Organomet. Chem. 1999, 576, 147-168; N. Miyaura and A. Suzuki, Chem. Rev. 1995,
95, 2457-2483; A. F. Littke et a/., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 028]. More
specifically, the aromatic iodide, bromide or triflate of Formula II is combined with
1 to 3 equivalents of aryl or heteroaryl boronic acid or boronic ester and a suitable base,
such as 2 to 5 equivalents of sodium carbonate, in a suitable organic solvent such as
ethanol. A palladium catalyst is added, such as 0.01 equivalents of
W0 114222
is(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and the reaction mixture is heated to
temperatures g from 60 to 100°C for 1 to 24 hours. In some cases, it may be
advantageous to employ 1 to 2 equivaients of copper(l) chloride and 1 to 2 equivalents
of potassium bromide in the Suzuki reaction, in 1,2—dimethoxyethane as solvent.
Alternatively, the coupling reaction may be carried out by reaction of Formula ll, wherein
X is H and Z is Br, with 1 to 3 equivalents of the (R5)-Br reagent, in the presence of 0.01
to 0.5 equivalents of allylpailadium chloride dimer and a suitable base, such as 2 to 4
equivalents of potassium ate, in a suitabie c solvent such as 1,4-dioxane.
The reaction may be carried out at temperatures ranging from 100 to 160 °C for 24 to 72
hours. When X is halogen or triflate and Z is yltin, a Stille coupling may be
employed [V. Farina et al., Organic Reactions 1997, 50, 1-652]. More specificaily, a
compound of Formula II wherein X is e, iodide or triflate may be combined with
1.5 to 3 equivalents of the R5 stannane in the presence of a palladium catalyst, such as
0.05 equivalents of dich|orobis(tripheny|phosphine)palladium(lI), in a suitable organic
solvent such as toluene, and the reaction may be heated to temperatures ranging from
100 to 130 °C for 12 to 36 hours. When X is Br, I or triflate and Z is Br or I, a Negishi
coupling may be used [E. Erdik, edron 1992, 48, 9577—9648]. More specifically, a
compound of Formula II wherein X is bromide, iodide or te may be transmetallated
by ent with 1 to 1.1 equivalents of an alkyllithium reagent followed by a solution of
1.2 to 1.4 equivalents of zinc chloride in an appropriate solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
at a temperature ranging from ~80 to -65 °C. After warming to a temperature between 10
and 30 °C, the reaction may be treated with the R5-Z reagent, and heated at 50 to 70 °C
with addition of a catalyst such as tetrakis(tripheny|phosphine)palladium(0). The
reaction may be carried out for times ranging from 1 to 24 hours. None of these
reactions are limited to the employment of the solvent, base, or catalyst described
above, as many other conditions may be used.
Alternatively, referring to Scheme 1, the polarity of the ng reaction of AX1
or AX3 with any of Ft5a -— R59 may be reversed. In that case, the X group of AX1 or AX3
is a c acid, boronate, or trialkyltin moiety, and the Z group of Fisa — R59 is Cl, Br, I,
or triflate. The chemistry employed to create the carbon-carbon bond is the same as
that described above.
Referring to Scheme 1, additional compounds of Formula l, wherein R5 is bonded
to a nitrogen atom in group A, are prepared from compounds of Formula II wherein “A—
X” is
})IN>\N R4
and X is H, by copper-catalyzed coupling with a reagent of Formula R5a through
R59 wherein Z is a boronic acid group or Z is Cl or Br, according to the method of P. Y.
S. Lam et at, Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 2941-2944 or the method of Z. Xi et at,
1O Tetrahedron 2008, 64, 4254-4259.
Scheme 2 refers to an alternate preparation of compounds of Formula l.
ing to Scheme 2, a nd of Formula l, wherein R2 is N(R3)2 or HNR3, can be
prepared from a compound of a lll, wherein L is a triazole or chloro, by reaction
with 1.1 to 4 equivalents of a primary or secondary amine, H2NR3 or HN(R3)2, optionally
in the presence of a base such as cesium ate, in an appropriate organic t
such as romethane or N,N-dimethylformamide. Suitable temperatures for the
aforesaid reaction are between 0 °C and 100 °C. Suitable reaction times are from 20
minutes to 48 hours. Alternatively, a compound of Formula l, wherein R2 is aryl or
aryl, can be prepared from a compound of Formula ill, by on with the
appropriate aryl or heteroaryl iodide, bromide, trialkyltin derivative, zinc derivative,
boronic acid or c ester, as described for sion of Formula II to Formula I in
Scheme 1, to generate compounds of Formula I. Alternatively, a compound of Formula
l, wherein R2 is alkyl, can be prepared from a compound of Formula lll, wherein L is
chloro, by reaction with an appropriate zinc reagent in a Negishi reaction, as described
above for conversion of Formula II to Formula I in Scheme 1. (See also R. T. Hendricks
et a/., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2009, 19, 4.) Alternatively a compound of
PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
Formula l, wherein R‘2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclic, can be prepared from a
compound of Formula lll, wherein L is chloro, by reaction with the appropriate Grignard
t in the presence of iron(lll) acetylacetonate, as described by L.K. Ottesen er al.,
Organic Lett. 2006, 8, 1771-1773.
Referring to Scheme 2, a compound of Formula I wherein R2 is —O-(C1—Ce)alkyl-
R9 or —OR8 may be directly prepared from a compound of a IV via an alkylation
with the corresponding halide, or via a Mitsunobu reaction with the requisite alcohol.
See S. B. Bodendiek et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2009, 44, 1838-1852; A. F. Khattab at
al., Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2751 —2761; G. Smith et al., J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51,
1O 8057—8067.
nds of Formula Ill n L is chloro or 1H—1,2,4—triazol—i—yl may be
ed from a compound of Formula W by treatment with phosphorus oxychloride,
optionally in the presence of ,4—triazole. More specifically, 2 to 4 equivalents of
phosphorus oxychloride and 8 to 11 equivalents of iH—l,2,4-triazole, in an appropriate
organic solvent such as acetonitrile or dichloromethane, at a temperature between -10
and 5 °C, are treated with 12 to 15 equivalents of triethylamine or N,N-
diisopropylethylamine. After addition of ’l equivalent of the imidazotriazinone of Formula
IV, the reaction mixture may be maintained at atures ranging from 25 °C to reflux
for 2 to 24 hours, providing a compound of a lll wherein L is 1H—i ,2,4-triazole. if
the 1H—1,2,4—triazole is omitted from the reaction, which in this case may be carried out
in toluene as t, the product is a compound of Formula "I wherein L is chloro. it is
not necessary in all cases to isolate the intermediate of Formula III, which may be
directly reacted with the riate amine reagent. nds of Formula lll wherein
L is triflate may be prepared from a compound of Formula N by rd methods; see
B. T. Shireman et al, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 2103-2108. These reactions
are not limited to the employment of the solvent or base described above, as many
other conditions may be used.
Scheme 3 refers to the preparation of compounds of Formula II, wherein R2 is
HNR3 or N(R3)2. Compounds of Formula II may be converted into compounds of
a l according to the methods of Scheme 1. Referring to Scheme 3, a compound
W0 2012/114222
of a II may be prepared from a compound of Formula V by methods analogous to
those of the conversion of Formula ill to Formula I in Scheme 2. Compounds of Formula
V, wherein L is chloro or 1H—1,2,4-triazol-’l—yl, may be prepared from compounds of
Formula Vl, wherein X is H, Cl, Br or i, by methods analogous to the conversion of
compounds of Formula IV to III in Scheme 2.
Scheme 4 refers to an alternate preparation of compounds of Formula ll, n
R2 is HNR3 or N(R3)2 and X is H or Cl. Compounds of Formula ll may be ted into
compounds of Formula l according to the methods of Scheme 1. Referring to Scheme
4, compounds of Formula II may be prepared from a bromo compound of Formula Vll
1O by palladium—catalyzed coupling with an riately tuted aromatic
compound of Formula ZAX:
R4 R4 R:
N\ It “”1
4 4
X 7 X 1 X -
ZAX1 ZAX2 ZAX3
A compound of Formula ll, X is H in nds ZAX1 and ZAX3; in ZAX2, X
may be H or an riate protecting group for nitrogen well-known to those skilled in
the art, such as 800, p—methoxybenzyl, allyl or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy]methy|. When Z is
B(OH)2 or B(OR)2, the carbon-carbon bond coupling may be carried out under
conditions described above for the Suzuki reaction. One of skill in the art would
recognize that this chemistry will also be effective if X is R5; in this case, the product will
be a compound of Formula l. A compound of Formula Vll wherein R2 is HNR3 or N(R3)2
may be prepared from a compound of Formula Vlll by methods analogous to the
conversion of compounds of a ill to Formula I in Scheme 2. A compound of
Formula Vlll may be prepared from a compound of Formula IX by methods analogous
to the conversion of compounds of Formula iv to a "I in Scheme 2.
Scheme 5 refers to the preparation of compounds of the Formula lV. Compounds
of Formula IV may be converted into compounds of Formula l according to the methods
of Scheme 2. Referring to Scheme 5, a compound of Formula lV may be prepared from
W0 2012/114222
a compound of Formula Vl, wherein X is H, Cl, Br, I, triflate, boronic acid, boronate or
triaikyltin in the same manner as described for conversion of a compound of Formula II
to a compound of Formula l in Scheme 1.
Scheme 6 refers to the ation of compounds of Formula VI, wherein “A-X" is
R4 R4a R4
’N\ N/N N
N\R4a NR4 /
\ )\R4\
or "3
X , X , R5
AX1 AX3 AX4
and X is H, Cl, Br, l, triflate, boronic acid, boronate or trialkyltin. A compound of
Formula VI may be converted to a compound of Formula i using the methods described
in Scheme 3 followed by Scheme 1, or Scheme 5 followed by Scheme 2. Referring to
Scheme 6, a compound of a Vl may be generated from a nd of Formula
1O X, by the action of 1.1 to 3 equivalents of 1,1’-carbonyldiimidazole or 1,1’-
carbonyldi(1,2,4—triazole) in a solvent such as 1,4-dioxane or tetrahydrofuran, at
temperatures ranging from 40 to 70 °C for 1 to 4 hours.
A compound of Formula X may be prepared from a compound Formula XI by
treatment with 2 to 5 equivalents of formamidine acetate in a solvent such as 2-butanol,
at temperatures ranging from 60 to 100 °C for 1 to 12 hours. A compound of Formula XI
may be prepared from a compound of a Xll by removal of the ting group
P1, wherein P1 may be —(C=O)—aryl, -(C=O)-alkyl, ~(C=O)O~(C1-C4)alkyl or another
appropriate protecting group known to one skilled in the art, via basic hydrolysis of the
amide or carbamate group or, in the case wherein F’1 is —(C=O)O-tert~butyl, reaction
with an excess of trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane solvent, at a temperature
ranging from 15 to 35 °C. A compound of Formula Xll may be prepared from a
compound of Formula Xlll, wherein X is H, Cl, Br, I, e, boronic acid, te or
triaikyltin and wherein LG is Cl, Br or I, by reaction with 1.1 to 2 equivalents of an N-
protected R1—imidohydrazide compound of Formula
P1\,N NH
R1 XIX
wherein P1 is —(C=O)—ary|, -(C=O)—alkyl, ~(C=O)O-(C1—C4)alkyl or another appropriate
protecting group known to one skilled in the art. This reaction may be carried out in a
solvent such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and/or 1,2—dimethoxyethane at temperatures
ranging from 60 to 90 °C, in the presence of a base such as 2 to 4 equivalents of MN-
ropylethylamine. The imidohydrazide reagent XlX may be prepared via reaction of
the requisite acyl hydrazine with the appropriate iminoether, according to the method of
D. Hurtaud stat, Synthesis 2001, 2435-2440.
Scheme 7 refers to the preparation of compounds of Formula VI, wherein X is H
or Cl. Compounds of Formula Vl may be converted to compounds of Formula I
according to the methods described in Scheme 3 followed by Scheme 1, or Scheme 5
followed by Scheme 2. A nd of a IX may be used to prepare compounds
of Formula I as described in Scheme 4 followed by Scheme 1. Referring to Scheme 7, a
compound of a VI may be synthesized from a compound of a IX by
palladium—catalyzed reaction with an appropriately substituted heteroaromatic
compound of Formula ZAX
R4 R4 R4
\ R4 It R4
Z Z N>\R4 01'
X ’ X ’ '
ZAX1 ZAX2 ZAX3
In this case, X is H or Cl in compounds ZAX1 and ZAX3; in ZAX2, X may be H or
an appropriate protecting group for en well-known to those skilled in the art, such
as 800, p—methoxybenzyl, allyi or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy]methyl; Z is B(OH)2 or
B(OR)2. The carbon-carbon coupling reaction may be carried out in r fashion to
that described for conversion of nd VI] to a compound of Formula II in Scheme
PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
A compound of Formula IX may be prepared by reaction of a nd of
Formula XIV, wherein P2 is (C1-C4)alkyl, with 1 to 30 equivalents of formamide, at
temperatures ranging from 100 to 180 °C for 2 to 20 hours. A compound of Formula XIV
may be prepared from a compound of Formula XV by onation with a base such
as lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide and subsequent amination with a t such as O—
(4—nitrobenzoyl) hydroxylamine or O-(diphenylphosphinyl)hydroxylamine. Caution: O-
(diphenylphosphinyl)hydroxylamine is a highly energetic nce that has shown the
y to explosively decompose under ambient conditions. Its use should be carefully
monitored. A compound of a XV may be prepared by bromination of a
compound of Formula XVI according to the method of T. L Grange et a/., Tetrahedron
Lett. 2007, 48, 6301—6303, using bromine in a solvent such as methylformamide
at temperatures ranging from 60 to 90 °C, under the influence of a base such as
potassium bicarbonate. Compounds of Formula XVI may be generated via cyclization of
a compound of a XVII, carried out for instance by heating in a microwave reactor
at 150 to 190 °C for 30 minutes to 3 hours, in an appropriate inert solvent such as 1,4-
dioxane. Compounds of Formula XVII are obtained via reaction of a propiolate ester
with an oxy imidamide of Formula XVIII, which may be carried out at reflux
temperature in a solvent such as methanol or ethanol, for a period of 2 to 24 hours.
nds of Formula XVIII are easily obtained from the corresponding nitriles, as
reported by X. Yang eta/., J. Med. Chem. 2010, 53, 022.
Compounds of Formula I that have chiral centers may exist as stereoisomers,
such as racemates, enantiomers, or diastereomers. Conventional ques for the
preparation/isolation of individual enantiomers include chiral synthesis from a suitable
optically pure precursor or resolution of the racemate using, for example, chiral high
pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Alternatively, the racemate (or a racemic
sor) may be reacted with a suitable optically active compound, for example, an
alcohol, or, in the case where the compound contains an acidic or basic moiety, an acid
or base such as tartaric acid or i-phenylethylamine. The ing diastereomeric
mixture may be separated by chromatography and/or fractional crystallization and one
or both of the diastereoisomers converted to the corresponding pure enantiomer(s) by
W0 2012/114222
means well known to one skilled in the art. Chiral compounds of a l (and chiral
precursors thereof) may be obtained in enantiomerically-enriched form using
tography, typically HPLC, on an tric resin with a mobile phase
consisting of a arbon, typically e or hexane, containing from O to 50%
isopropanol, typically from 2 to 20%, and from 0 to 5% of an alkylamine, typically 0.1%
diethylamine. Concentration of the eluate affords the enriched mixture. Stereoisomeric
conglomerates may be separated by conventional techniques known to those skilled in
the art. See, eg. “Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds” by E. L. Eliel , New
York, 1994), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Suitable selective techniques are well-known to those of ry skill in the art.
Where a compound of Formula I contains an alkenyl or alkenylene group,
geometric sis/trans (or Z/E) isomers are possible. Cis/z‘rans isomers may be separated
by conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art, for example,
chromatography and onal crystallization. Salts of the present invention can be
prepared according to s known to those of skill in the art.
The compounds of Formula I that are basic in nature are e of forming a
wide variety of salts with various inorganic and organic acids. Although such salts must
be pharmaceutically acceptable for administration to s, it is often desirable in
practice to initially isolate the compound of the present invention from the reaction
mixture as a pharmaceutically unacceptable salt and then simply convert the latter back
to the free base compound by treatment with an alkaline reagent and subsequently
convert the latter free base to a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt. The
acid addition salts of the base compounds of this invention can be prepared by treating
the base compound with a substantially lent amount of the selected mineral or
organic acid in an aqueous solvent medium or in a suitable organic solvent, such as
methanol or ethanol. Upon evaporation of the solvent, the desired solid salt is obtained.
The desired acid salt can also be precipitated from a solution of the free base in an
organic solvent by adding an appropriate mineral or organic acid to the solution.
If the inventive compound is a base, the desired pharmaceutically acceptable salt
may be prepared by any suitable method available in the art, for example, treatment of
W0 2012/1 14222
the free base with an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid,
sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like, or with an organic acid, such as
acetic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, c acid, pyruvic
acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, isonicotinic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid,
pantothenic acid, ric acid, ascorbic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, fumaric acid,
gluconic acid, saccharic acid, formic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid,
benzenesulfonic acid, p—toluenesulfonic acid and pamoic [i.e., 1,1’-methylene—bis-(2-
hydroxy-S-naphthoate)] acids, a pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or
galacturonic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid, such as citric acid or tartaric acid, an amino
acid, such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid, an aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid or
cinnamic acid, a sulfonic acid, such as p—toluenesulfonic acid or ethanesulfonic acid, or
the like.
Those nds of Formula i that are acidic in nature are capable of forming
base salts with various pharmacologically acceptable cations. Examples of such salts
include the alkali metal or ne-earth metal salts and particularly, the sodium and
potassium salts. These salts are all prepared by conventional techniques. The
chemical bases which are used as reagents to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable
base salts of this invention are those which form non—toxic base salts with the acidic
nds of Formula l. These salts may be prepared by any suitable method, for
example, treatment of the free acid with an inorganic or organic base, such as an amine
(primary, secondary or tertiary), an alkali metal ide or alkaline earth metal
hydroxide, or the like. These salts can also be ed by ng the corresponding
acidic compounds with an aqueous solution containing the desired pharmacologically
acceptable cations, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness, preferably
under reduced re. Alternatively, they may also be prepared by mixing lower
alkanolic solutions of the acidic compounds and the desired alkali metal alkoxide
together, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness in the same manner as
before. In either case, iometric quantities of reagents are preferably ed in
order to ensure completeness of reaction and maximum yields of the desired final
product.
PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
The invention also includes isotopically labeled compounds of Formula I, wherein
one or more atoms is replaced by an atom having the same atomic number, but an
atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually
found in nature. isotopically labeled compounds of Formula l can generally be prepared
by tional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous
to those described herein, using an appropriate isotopically labeled reagent in place of
the non-labeled reagent ise employed.
in the ing Examples and Preparations “DMSO” means dimethyl ide,
“N” means Normal, “M” means molar, “mL” means milliliter, “mmol” means millimoles,
1O “pmol” means micromoles, “eq.” means equivalent, “°C” means degrees Celsius, “Pa”
means pascals, “UV” means ultraviolet, “MHz” means megahertz.
mental Procedures
Experiments were generally carried out under inert atmosphere (nitrogen or
argon), particularly in cases where oxygen- or moisture-sensitive reagents or
ediates were employed. Commercial solvents and reagents were generally used
without further cation, including anhydrous solvents where appropriate (generally
Sure—SealTM products from the Aldrich al Company, Milwaukee, Wisconsin).
Products were lly dried under vacuum before being carried on to further
reactions or submitted for ical testing. Mass ometry data is reported from
either liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry (LCMS), atmospheric pressure
chemical ionization (APCl) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)
instrumentation. Chemical shifts for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data are
sed in parts per million (ppm, 5) nced to residual peaks from the deuterated
solvents employed.
For syntheses referencing procedures in other Examples or Methods, reaction
conditions (length of reaction and temperature) may vary. In general, reactions were
followed by thin layer chromatography or mass spectrometry, and subjected to work-up
when appropriate. Purifications may vary between experiments: in general, ts
and the solvent ratios used for eluants/gradients were chosen to provide appropriate
Rfs or retention times.
W0 2012/1 14222
4- Azetidin Imeth meth I—5- 4~meth I hen I—1H— 4- I imidazo 5 1-
fli1,2,4]triazine
Ste 1. S nthesisof2~bromo-1—1—meth I—5meth I hen I-1H—
yllethanone
A. Preparation of 1-methyII4-methylghenyl)-1H-gyrazole
(1—MethyI—1H—pyrazoI-S-yl)boronic acid (2.0 g, 16 mmol), 1—bromo—4-methylbenzene
(1.96 mL, 15.9 mmol), sodium carbonate (5.05 g, 47.6 mmol) and
dichIorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(lI) (557 mg, 0.794 mmol) were combined in a
mixture of water (20 mL) and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (100 mL), and heated at 80 °C for
18 hours. After the reaction mixture had cooled, it was filtered h Celite, and
concentrated in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate,
and the s layer was extracted with additional ethyl acetate. The combined
organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under
d pressure. Chromatography on silica gel (Gradient: 0% to 50% ethyl acetate in
heptane) provided the product as a yellow oil. Yield: 1.15 g, 6.68 mmol, 42%. LCMS
m/z 173.1 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD013) 5 2.42 (s, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 6.29 (d, J=2.0
Hz, 1H), 7.30 (br AB quartet, JAB=8 Hz, AVAB=18 Hz, 4H), 7.51 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H).
B. Preparation of 4-iodo—1-methyI(4-methylphenyl)-1 H-gyrazole
W0 2012/1 14222
N-lodosuccinimide (95%, 756 mg, 3.19 mmol) was added to a solution of 1-
methyl(4-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazole (500 mg, 2.90 mmol) in acetonitrile (15 mL),
and the reaction was allowed to stir for 1 hour at 85 °C. Removal of solvent in vacuo
provided a e, which was tographed on silica gel (Gradient: 20% to 50%
ethyl acetate in heptane) to provide the product as a brown oil. Yield: 630 mg, 2.11
mmol, 73%. LCMS m/z 299.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 8 2.44 (br s, 3H), 3.83
(s, 3H), 7.26-7.33 (m, 4H), 7.57 (s, 1H).
C. Preparation of 1-[1~methyl(4—methylghenyl)-1H—pyrazol-4—yllethanone
Tributyl(1-ethoxyviny|)stannane (95%, 1.39 mL, 3.88 mmol) was added to a
1O mixture of 4—iodomethyl(4~methylphenyl)~1 H-pyrazole (768 mg, 2.58 mmol),
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (298 mg, 0.258 mmol) and lithium chloride
(98%, 279 mg, 6.45 mmol) in N,N~dimethylformamide (20 mL), and the reaction was
stirred at 90 °C for 18 hours. After cooling, the mixture was filtered h Celite, and
concentrated in vacuo; silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 10% to 50% ethyl acetate
in heptane) afforded the product as a colorless oil. Yield: 460 mg, 2.15 mmol, 83%.
LCMS m/z 215.3 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDClg) 8 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.45 (br s, 3H), 3.69
(s, 3H), 7.28 (br AB quartet, JAB=8 Hz, AVAB=28 Hz, 4H), 7.99 (s, 1H).
D. Synthesis of 2—bromo—1-l1-methyl(4—methylphenyl)-1 H—gyrazol
yllethanone
Bromine (97%, 0.104 mL, 1.97 mmol) was added to a solution of 1-[1-methyl-5—
(4—methylphenyl)—1H-pyrazol~4—yl]ethanone (420 mg, 1.96 mmol) in glacial acetic acid
(10 mL), and the reaction e was vigorously stirred for 2 hours at 80 °C. After
removal of solvent under reduced re, the residue was diluted with ethyl acetate,
washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, washed with saturated
sodium chloride solution and dried over sodium sulfate. Filtration and concentration of
the filtrate in vacuo ed a residue, which was purified via silica gel chromatography
(Gradient: 10% to 30% ethyl acetate in heptane) to afford the t as a ess oil.
Yield: 353 mg, 1.20 mmol, 61%. LCMS m/z 293.1 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 8
2.46 (s, 3H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.97 (s, 2H), 7.31 (br AB quartet, JAB=8 Hz, AvAB=23 Hz, 4H),
8.05 (s, 1H).
W0 2012/114222
Step 2. Synthesis of N'-ethanimidoylacetohydrazide
A mixture of sodium hydroxide (2.59 g, 64.8 mmol) in anhydrous ethanol (300
mL) was stirred for 20 minutes at 50 °C to effect dissolution. The solution was cooled to
0 °C, and ethyl ethanimidoate hloride (8.0 g, 65 mmol) was gradually added; the
precipitated salts were removed via filtration, and the filtrate was treated with
aoetohydrazide (4.80 g, 64.8 mmol) at room temperature. This mixture was heated to
80 °C for 10 minutes, then allowed to cool over 18 hours. The precipitate was collected
by filtration and washed with diethyl ether to provide the product as a white solid. Yield:
4.4 g, 38 mmol, 59%. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-ds), characteristic peaks: 8 1.78 (s,
1O 3H), 1.95 (s, 3H).
razol
vii—1H—imidazol-1—yltacetamide
N'-Ethanimidoylacetohydrazide (147 mg, 1.28 mmol) and sodium onate
(99%, 181 mg, 2.13 mmol) were added to a solution of 2-bromo[1-methyl(4-
methylphenyI)-1H—pyrazolyl]ethanone (250 mg, 0.853 mmol) in acetonitrile (9 mL),
and the mixture was heated at 80 °C for 3 hours. The reaction was allowed to cool to
room ature, and was then d with dichloromethane and filtered through
Celite. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by silica gel
chromatography (Eluant: 10% methanol in dichloromethane) to provide the product as a
yellow oil. Yield: 236 mg, 0.763 mmol, 89%. LCMS m/z 310.5 (M+1). 1H NMR (400
MHz, CDClg), presumed to be a mixture of rotamers: 8 2.10 and 1.77 (2 s, 3H), 2.25
and 2.36 (2 s, 3H), 2.44 and 2.46 (2 s, 3H), 3.69 and 3.72 (2 s, 3H), 6.21 (s, 1H), 7.22-
7.33 (4H, m, assumed; partially obscured by solvent peak), 7.96 (br s, 1H).
Ste 4. S nthesis of 2-meth l—4- 1-meth l—5~ 4-meth | hen l -1H—
1 H—imidazol—1-amine
s hydrochloric acid (1 N, 7.0 mL) was added to a solution of N—{2-methyl-
4-[1-methyl(4—methylphenyl)—1H-pyrazol—4—yl]-1 H—imidazolyl}acetamide (236 mg,
0.763 mmol) in methanol (1.0 mL), and the mixture was heated at reflux for 30 minutes.
Additional 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid (2.0 mL) was added, and heating was
continued for an additional 30 s. After g, the solution was basified with 1 N
aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and the mixture was extracted twice with ethyl
acetate containing 1% ol. The combined organic layers were washed with
saturated s sodium chloride solution, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and
concentrated in vacuo to afford the product as a yellow solid. Yield: 148.5 mg, 0.5555
mmol, 73%. LCMS m/z 268.5 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIg) 8 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.45 (br
s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 4.45 (br s, 2H), 6.26 (s, 1H), 7.24-7.32 (m, 4H, assumed; partially
obscured by solvent peak), 7.97 (s, 1H).
Ste 5. S nthesis of N—
yll-1H—imidazolyl§imidoformamide
Ethyl imidoformate hydrochloride (608 mg, 5.55 mmol) was added to a solution
of 2—methyi[1-methyl-5—(4—methylphenyl)—1H—pyrazolyl]—1H—imidazolamine (148
mg, 0.554 mmol) in ethanol (5 mL), and the reaction e was heated at 75 °C for 66
hours. Additional ethyl imidoformate hydrochloride (300 mg, 2.74 mmol) was added,
and heating was continued for 8 hours. A final charge of ethyl ormate
hydrochloride (300 mg, 2.74 mmol) was followed by maintaining the reaction at 75 °C
for an additional 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled, concentrated in vacuo and
diluted with ethyl acetate. This organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous
sodium bicarbonate solution, washed with saturated aqueous sodium de solution
and dried over sodium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvent under reduced
pressure, followed by purification using silica gel chromatography (Eluant: 10%
methanol in dichloromethane) ed the product as a yellow solid. Yield: 70 mg, 0.24
mmol, 43%. LCMS m/z 295.5 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDsoD), presumed to be a
mixture of rotamers or tautomers: 6 2.20 and 2.25 (2 s, 3H), 2.43 (br s, 3H), 3.68 (s,
3H), 6.14 and 6.30 (2 s, 1H), .30 (m, 3H), 7.35 (brd, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.84 and 7.81
(2 s, 1H).
Ste 6. S nthesis of 7-meth l~5- 1-meth l 4—meth l hen l -1H— 4-
| o 5 1- 1 2 4 triazin—4 3 -one
Sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil, 24 mg, 0.60 mmol) was added to
a solution of N-{2-methyl[1-methyl(4-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazolyl]-1H-imidazol-
1-yi}imidoformamide (70 mg, 0.24 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4.0 mL), and the mixture was
W0 2012/1 14222
heated at 75 °C for 10 minutes. The reaction was cooled, d with 1,1 ’-
yidiimidazole (135 mg, 0.833 mmol), allowed to stir at room temperature for 30
minutes, and then heated to 100 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction cooled to room
temperature, it was ed with water and diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic
layer was washed with water, then with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution,
dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Silica gel
chromatography (Gradient: 0% to 10% methanol in ethyl acetate) afforded the product
as a white solid. Yield: 55 mg, 0.17 mmoi, 71%. LCMS m/z 321.5 (M+1). 1H NMR (400
MHz, DMSO-dg) 6 2.34 (br s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 7.22 (br d, J=8 Hz, 2H),
7.30 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H).
Ste 7. S nthesis of 7-meth |~5- 1-meth l—5- 4—meth i hen l -1H— razol l
(1H—1,2,4-triazol-1—yl)imidazolS,1—Z]|1,2,4]triazine
1H-1,2,4-Triazole (162 mg, 2.34 mmol) was pulverized, mixed with
dichloromethane (4.0 mL) and cooled to 0 °C. Phosphorus oxychloride (58.2 uL, 0.624
mmol) was added, followed after 1 minute by the drop-wise addition of ylamine
(0.349 mL, 2.50 mmol). After 10 minutes at 0 °C, the ice bath was removed; 5 minutes
later, 7-methyl[1-methyl-5—(4-methylphenyl)-1H—pyrazol—4-yl]imidazo[5,1-
r][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-one (50 mg, 0.16 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was
maintained at room temperature for 4 hours, then cooled to 0 °C and quenched with
water, then treated with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The mixture
was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were washed with
water, washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over sodium
sulfate, ed, and concentrated in vacuo. This crude material was taken directly to
the ing step. LCMS m/z 372.5 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO—ds) 8 2.27 (br s,
3H), 2.70 (s, 3H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 6.86 (br d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.06 (br d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.37
(s 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.84 (s, 1H).
Ste 8. S nthesis of 4- in l —7—meth l-5— 1-meth l 4-meth l hen l -
1H— 4- | imidazo 5 1- 1 2 4 triazine
Azetidine (27.0 uL, 0.400 mmol) and cesium carbonate (97%, 202 mg, 0.601
mmol) were added to a solution of 7-methyl[1-methyl—5-(4-methylphenyl)-1 H—pyrazol-
W0 2012/114222
4-yl]—4-(1H—1,2,4-triazol—1-yl)imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine (material from the previous
reaction, _<_0.16 mmol) in N,N—dimethylformamide (3.0 mL), and the reaction mixture
was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate,
washed with water, washed with ted aqueous sodium chloride on, dried
over sodium e, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification
using silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 0% to 5% methanol in dichloromethane),
followed by azeotroping with heptane, provided the product as a white solid. Yield: 35
mg, 0.097 mmol, 61% over 2 steps. LCMS m/z 360.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDClg)
6 2.20—2.28 (m, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 3.5-3.9 (v br m, 2H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 39-43
1O (v br m, 2H), 7.21 (AB quartet, JAB=8.1 Hz, 2.1 Hz, 4H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s,
1H).
4- in | —7-meth l—5— 1~meth l 5— orometh |
l imldazo 5 1- 1 2 4 triazine
Ste 1.8 nthesis of tert—but l2-ethanimido lh drazinecarbox late
Sodium hydroxide (16.0 g, 400 mmol) was dissolved in absolute ethanol (1000
mL) at 60 °C. The solution was cooled to 0 °C, and d portion-wise with ethyl
ethanimidoate hydrochloride (50 g, 400 mmol); after 10 minutes, tert—butyl
hydrazinecarboxylate (52.9 g, 400 mmol) was added in a single portion. The reaction
was warmed to 70 °C and was stirred at 70 °C for 2.5 hours. The mixture was then
cooled to 20 °C and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and treated with
tert-butyl methyl ether (500 mL) and ethanol (20 mL). After seeding, the mixture was
allowed to stir for 18 hours, after which time the precipitated solid was collected via
W0 14222 PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
filtration and washed with ice-cold tert—butyl methyl ether (500 mL). The solid was
dissolved in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran: methanol (9:1 mixture, 300 mL), and the solution
was concentrated to dryness. The residue was washed with diethyl ether (3 x 200 mL)
and dried, affording the product as a very pale yellow solid. Yield; 50.2 g, 290 mmol,
72%. LCMS m/Z 174.3 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHZ, CD30D) 8 1.47 (s, 9H), 1.88 (8, 3H).
Step 2. Synthesis of 2—bromo(1—methyl-1H-pyrazolyl1ethanone
A. Synthesis of 1-(1—methyl-1 zol—4-yl1ethanone
4-Bromo—1-methyl-1H—pyrazole (41.3 mL, 400 mmol), was dissolved in
tetrahydrofuran (750 mL) and cooled to -78 °C. N—Butyllithium (2.5 M solution in
1O hexanes, 160 mL, 400 mmol) was added drop-wise over 30 minutes, and the resulting
mixture was stirred for 1 hour at —78 °C. After ise addition of a solution of N-
methoxy-N-methylacetamide (40.9 mL, 400 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) to the
-78 °C reaction e, the cooling bath was allowed to warm to 0 °C over 4 hours. The
reaction was then quenched with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (50 mL),
and volatiles were removed in vacuo. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (1000
mL), treated with magnesium sulfate, and stirred for 30 minutes before being filtered
and concentrated in vacuo. Purification was carried out via silica gel chromatography
(material was loaded in a minimum amount of dichloromethane; nt: 5% to 100%
ethyl e in heptane) to provide a pale yellow oil that solidified on standing. Yield:
28.5 g, 230 mmol, 57%. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDClg) 8 2.37 (s, 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 7.83 (s,
1H), 7.84 (s, 1H).
B. Synthesis of 2-bromo—1-(1-methyl~1 zol-4—yl1ethanone
A solution of 1-(1-methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)ethanone (28.5 g, 230 mmol) in
dichloromethane (400 mL) was diluted with absolute ethanol (100 mL) and treated
portion-wise with pyridinium tribromide (95%, 77.3 g, 230 mmol). The reaction was
stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, during which time it solidified; the mixture was
diluted with dichloromethane (300 mL) and water (400 mL), treated with sodium sulfite
(5 g) and stirred for 10 minutes. The c layer was dried over ium sulfate,
filtered and trated in vacuo. The residue was washed with water (200 mL),
collected by filtration, washed again with water, and dried to afford the product as an
W0 14222
off-white solid. Yield: 41.6 g, 205 mmol, 89%. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDClg) 8 7.97-7.98
(m, 1H), 7.95 (br s, 1H), 4.17 (s, 2H), 3.95—3.96 (m, 3H).
Ste 3.8 nthesis of ut I 2-meth l-4—1-meth l—1H—
imidazolyllcarbamate
tert-Butyl 2-ethanimidoylhydrazinecarboxylate (17.3 g, 99.9 mmol), 2-bromo
hyl-1H—pyrazolyl)ethanone (16.89 g, 83.18 mmol) and MN—
diisopropylethylamine (31.9 mL, 183 mmol) were combined in ice-cold 2-
methyltetrahydrofuran (400 mL) and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (100 mL), and the on
mixture was heated to reflux. After 2.5 hours, the on was cooled and washed with
1O 50% saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (75 mL). The aqueous layer was
extracted with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (100 mL), and the combined organic layers were
dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was
dissolved in warm ethyl acetate (60 mL), allowed to cool to room temperature, then
cooled to 5 °C for 30 minutes. The resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed
with a small quantity of cold ethyl acetate, then washed with diethyl ether, to provide the
product as a very pale yellow solid. Yield: 16.0 g, 57.7 mmol, 69%. LCMS m/z 278.5
(M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, 51.49(br s, 9H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 6.87 (s,
1H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 8.67 (br s, 1H).
Ste 4. S nthesis of 2-meth l~4~ 1-meth l-1H— razol l -1H—imidazol-1—amine
trifluoroacetate salt
A solution of tert—butyl [2—methyl(1-methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)-1H-imidazol
bamate (8.0 g, 29 mmol) in methylene chloride (200 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid
(40 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours. After removal of solvents in
vacuo, the residue was d in 1:1 ethyl acetate/heptane for 18 hours. The resulting
solid was isolated by filtration to provide the product as a white solid. Yield: 5.3 g, 18
mmol, 62%. The mother liquor was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was stirred
for 30 minutes in a 1:1 :1 mixture of ethyl acetate/heptane/diethyl ether (50 mL); filtration
provided additional product as a white solid. Combined yield: 7.8 g, 26.8 mmol, 92%. 1H
NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-ds) 8 2.54 (s, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 6.55 (br s, 2H), 7.65 (s, 1H),
7.85 (d, J=O.7 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (brs,1H).
W0 2012i114222
Ste 5.8 nthesis of N— razoI | ~1H-imidazol-1—
yl |imidoformamide
2—Methyl(1-methyl-1H—pyrazol-4—yl)-1H—imidazol-1—amine, trifluoroacetate salt
(103.0 9, 353.7 mmol) and formamidine acetate (98%, 131 g, 1.23 mol) were combined
in 2-butanol (350 mL). The reaction was heated to 100 °C for 3 hours, at which time it
was allowed to cool to room temperature and diluted with a 2:1 mixture of 10 N sodium
hydroxide solution/saturated aqueous sodium de solution (300 mL). After vigorous
stirring, the layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with 2-butanol
(4 x 250 mL). The ed organic layers were concentrated in vacuo, and the
1O resulting solid was slurried with acetonitrile (550 mL), stirred for 2 hours at room
temperature and filtered. The collected solids were washed with dry acetonitrile (3 x
100 mL), then dried in vacuo at 40 °C for 2 hours to provide the product as an off-white
solid. Yield: 61.5 g, 301 mmol, 85%. The mother liquor was concentrated to dryness,
then ved in acetonitrile (200 mL) and allowed to stand for 18 hours. The resulting
solid was isolated by filtration to provide additional product as an off-white solid.
Combined yield: 64.8 g, 317 mmol, 90%. 1H NMR (500 MHz, , presumed to be
a mixture of rotamers or tautomers: 8 2.25 and 2.29 (2 s, 3H), 3.88 and 3.88 (2 s, 3H),
7.03 and 7.19 (2 s, 1H), 7.39 and 7.94 (2 s, 1H), 7.69 and 7.67 (2 s, 1H), 7.77 and 7.75
(2 s, 1H).
Ste 6. S nthesis of 7-meth l-5— 1—meth l-1H— razol—4- l imidazo 5 1-
4ltriazin—4(3fl)—one (C1)
N-[2—Methyl(1—methyI-1H—pyrazolyl)—1H—imidazol—1-yl]imidoformamide (58.3
g, 285 mmol) was combined with 1,1’—carbonyldiimidazole (98%, 59.0 g, 357 mmol) in
tetrahydrofuran (1140 mL) at 63 °C, and the suspension was stirred for 2.5 hours at 65
°C. The mixture was cooled and concentrated in vacuo; the resulting solid was ed
with methanol (400 mL), warmed to reflux for 20 s and cooled to 7 °C. The solid
was collected to provide C1 as a pale yellow solid. Yield: 45.9 g, 199 mmol, 70%.
LCMS m/z 231.1 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-da) 6 2.48 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H),
7.79 (s, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 11.59 (br s, 1H).
ZOlZ/050589
Ste 7. S nthesis of 4- in-t— l
yl)imidazo|5,1-Z]lt ,2,4|triazine (C2)
Finely ground 1H—1,2,4-triazole (278 g, 4.02 mol) was mixed with acetonitrile
(700 mL), cooled to 0 °C, and treated drop-wise with orus oxychloride (62.4 mL,
669 mmol) while maintaining the internal temperature below 15 °C. The suspension
was stirred for 10 minutes, then slowly treated drop-wise with triethylamine (607 mL,
4.35 mol) under vigorous stirring, while keeping the internal temperature below 48 °C.
The reaction was stirred for 15 minutes as it cooled to 41 °C, and was then treated
portion~wise with 7-methyl(1—methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,1-I][1,2,4]triazin-
4(3H)-—one (77.1 g, 335 mmol). At the completion of the addition, the reaction was
warmed to 73 °C for 1 hour, then cooled to room ature, at which point thin layer
chromatography (Eluant: 10% methanol in ethyl e) indicated complete conversion
to the triazole-substituted intermediate. The reaction slurry was treated successively
with triethylamine (279 mL, 2.00 mol) and azetidine hydrochloride (94.0 g, 1.00 mol);
over 10 minutes, the internal temperature rose from 18 °C to 38 °C. The mixture was
stirred for 1 hour, cooled to 15-20 °C and filtered. The filter cake was washed with
acetonitrile (600 mL), and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The resulting paste
was diluted with water (650 mL) followed by s sodium hydroxide solution (10 N,
450 mL). This slurry was extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 350 mL), and the
ed organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. This filtrate was
passed through a plug of silica gel (230—400 mesh, 150 g), eluting with dichloromethane
(1 L) followed by 10% methanol in ethyl acetate (1 L). The combined eluants containing
product were trated in vacuo, and the residue was washed with tert—butyl methyl
ether (350 mL), ted by filtration, and washed with diethyl ether. This solid was
dissolved in water (200 mL) and diluted once more with aqueous sodium hydroxide
solution (5 N, 250 mL). The mixture was ted with dichloromethane (3 x 250 mL),
and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and
concentrated in vacuo. The solid was washed with tert-butyl methyl ether (350 mL) and
collected by filtration to afford 02 as a pale tan solid. Yield: 82.15 g, 305 mmol, 91%. 1H
NMR (500 MHz, CDCIa) 8 2.23—2.30 (m, 2H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.98-4.07 (m,
4H), 7.61 (br s, 1H), 7.61 (br s, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H).
Ste 8.8 s of 4- azetidin—1- l
trifluorometh l
4-(Azetidiny|)methyl-5—(1—methyl-1 H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,1 -
f][1,2,4]triazine (10.0 g, 37.1 mmol), 2-bromo-5—(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (16.8 g, 74.3
mmol) and ground potassium carbonate (15.4 g, 111 mmol) were ed in a
reaction flask, purged with nitrogen, and treated with degassed 1,4-dioxane (600 mL).
To this mixture was added allylpalladium(ll) chloride dimer (693 mg, 1.86 mmol), and
the system was again purged with nitrogen. The reaction was heated to 102 °C for 36
hours, then cooled and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between
ethyl e (400 mL) and aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (1 N, 200 mL). The
aqueous phase was neutralized with solid sodium bicarbonate and extracted with ethyl
acetate (4 x 50 mL). The combined c layers were washed with 1 N aqueous citric
acid, then with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. After treatment with
Darco® activated carbon, the organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and
concentrated in vacuo. The residue was taken up in a minimal amount of
dichloromethane and concentrated under reduced pressure until it became a thick oil.
Diethyl ether (100 mL) was added, and upon stirring of the mixture, a solid began to
precipitate; stirring was continued for 1 hour at room ature, and then the white
solid was collected by filtration and washed with diethyl ether. Additional product in the
mother liquor was ed by concentrating the filtrate in vacuo and chromatographing
the residue on an alumina column (Eluant: 70% ethyl acetate in heptane). The product
from the column was recrystallized from warm 20% ethyl acetate in heptane to yield
additional product as a white solid. Combined yield: 5.3 g, 12.8 mmol, 35%. This
material was combined with the product of a similar reaction (total 15.5 g, 37.4 mmol),
and further purified as follows. The al was dissolved in a e of ethyl acetate
(100 mL) and yltetrahydrofuran (150 mL) at room temperature. SiliaBond® thiol
(SiliCycle, 1.35 , 15 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 20 hours,
then filtered through Celite. The te was treated with Darco® activated carbon (500
WO 14222
mg) and stirred for 15 minutes before being filtered and concentrated under reduced
pressure. The resulting oil was azeotroped with a 1:1 mixture of heptane and ethyl
acetate to provide an ite solid, which was mixed with heptane (100 mL) and
stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. Filtration provided the product as a white solid.
Purification yield: 14.4 g, 34.7 mmol, 93%. LCMS m/z 415.0 (M+1 ). 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CDCI3) 8 2.17—2.26 (m, 2H), 2.70 (s, 3H), 8 (v br m, 2H), 3.8-4.3 (v br m, 2H), 4.18
(s, 3H), 7.63—7.66 (m, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.79-7.83 (m, 2H), 8.95-8.96 (m, 1H).
N7—Dimeth l-5—1—meth l4—trifiuorometh l razol-4— | imidazo 5 1-
{1| 1 l2,4]triazin—4-amine
Ste 1. S nthesis of eth l o—1—meth l~1H— razolecarbox late
Copper(ll) bromide (99%, 20.0 g, 88.6 mmol) and tert—butyl nitrite (90%, 14.1 mL,
107 mmol) were combined in acetonitrile (65 mL) and heated to 65 °C. Ethyl 5-amino
methyl—1H—pyrazole—4—carboxylate (10.0 g, 59.1 mmol) was slowly added portion-wise
{Cautiom gas evolution!} and the reaction was maintained at 65 °C for 24 hours. The
mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into s hydrochloric acid (3 N,
600 mL), diluted with ethyl acetate (300 mL) and stirred for 10 minutes. The aqueous
layer was ted with ethyl acetate (150 mL), and the combined organic layers were
dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was
ed via silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 5% to 100% ethyl acetate in heptane,
W0 20121’114222
with a 5-minute hold at 32%), affording the product as a pale yellow solid. Yield: 9.10 g,
39.0 mmol, 66%. LCMS m/z 233.3 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDClg) 8 1.36 (t, J=7.1
Hz, 3H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 4.32 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 7.93 (s, 1H).
Step 2. Synthesis of 5-bromo-1—methyl-1H-pyrazolecarboxylic acid
A suspension of ethyl 5-bromomethyl-1H-pyrazoIe-4—carboxylate (8.00 g, 34.3
mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (60 mL), water (20 mL) and ethanol (20 mL) was treated with
lithium hydroxide monohydrate (3.17 g, 75.5 mmol) and stirred for 4 hours at room
temperature. Removal of solvents under reduced pressure ed a white solid
residue, which was diluted with water (50 mL), washed with l ether (50 mL) and
adjusted to pH 2.5 with aqueous 6 N hydrochloric acid. The thick suspension was
extracted with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2 x 125 mL), and the combined organic layers
were dried over ium e, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to provide the
product as an off—white solid. Yield: 6.49 g, 31.7 mmol, 92%. LCMS m/z 205.2 (M+1).
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO—ds) 8 3.86 (s, 3H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 12.64 (br s, 1H).
Step 3. Synthesis of 2-bromo—1-(5-bromomethyI—1H-pyrazolyl)ethanone
A solution of 5-bromomethyI-1 H-pyrazolecarboxylic acid (6.4 g, 31 mmol) in
methanol (100 mL) was placed in a water bath, treated in a single portion with sodium
methoxide (95%, 1.86 g, 32.7 mmol) and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature.
After removal of volatiles in vacuo, the sodium salt was concentrated twice from
heptane (100 mL). It was then suspended in dichloromethane (100 mL) and treated
with oxalyl chloride (3.15 mL, 35.9 mmol) followed by N,N-dimethylformamide (2 drops).
The reaction was stirred for 20 hours at room temperature, then concentrated under
reduced pressure. The solid residue was suspended in acetonitrile (100 mL), d
drop-wise with a solution of (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane in l ether (2 M, 39.0 mL,
78.0 mmol) and stirred for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to 0 °C and hydrogen
bromide (33% in acetic acid, 21.9 mL, 125 mmol) was added drop—wise. After 1 hour at
0 °C, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and the solid residue was mixed with
heptane (250 mL) and entrated. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (100
mL), and vigorously stirred with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (100
mL). The organic layer was dried over ium sulfate, ed and concentrated in
W0 20121114222
vacuo; the crude product was purified via silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 12% to
100% ethyl e in heptane) to afford the product as an off-white solid, of
approximately 85% purity by LCMS analysis. Yield: 8.10 9, approximately 78%
(corrected for purity). LCMS m/z 282.8 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3) 8 3.93 (s,
3H), 4.25 (s, 2H), 8.01 (s, 1H).
Ste 4. S nthesis of fart-but l 4— 5—bromometh MH— razol l meth l—
1 azoIyl|carbamate
utyl 2-ethanimidoylhydrazinecarboxylate (5.9 g, 34 mmol), 2—bromo-1—(5—
1-methyl-1H—pyrazol—4-yl)ethanone (from the previous step, 8.00 9,
approximately 24 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (10.9 mL, 62.6 mmol) were
heated to reflux in a mixture of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (200 mL) and 1,2—
dimethoxyethane (50 mL). After 2.5 hours, the reaction was cooled and washed with
50% saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (75 mL). The aqueous layer was
extracted with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (50 mL), and the combined organic layers were
dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was
chromatographed (Gradient: 0% to 8% methanol in dichloromethane), and the purified
material (7.5 g) was dissolved in diethyl ether (25 mL), treated with hexane (4 drops),
and allowed to crystallize. The resulting solid was collected and washed with a small
amount of cold diethyl ether to provide the product as a very pale pink solid. Yield: 6.49
g, 18.2 mmol, 59% over 2 steps. LCMS m/z 358.4 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3) 8
1.49 (br s, 9H), 2.16 (br s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 3 (v br s,
1H).
Ste 5.8 nthesis of 4- 5-bromo—1-meth |—1H— -2—meth l-1 azol—
1-amine, trifluoroacetate salt
tert-Butyl [4-(5—bromo—1-methyl—1 zol—4-yl)methyl-1 H-imidazol
bamate (5.00 g, 14.0 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (120 mL), treated
with trifluoroacetic acid (20.9 mL, 281 mmol), and stirred for 2.5 hours. After removal of
volatiles in vacuo, the oily residue was diluted with diethyl ether (100 mL). The resulting
suspension was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, and then the solid was
collected and washed with diethyl ether to provide the product as an off—white solid.
PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
Yield: 4.98 g, 13.5 mmol, 96%. LCMS m/z 256.3 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDgoD) 6
2.65 (s, 3H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H).
Ste 6.8 nthesis of N- 4- 5-bromometh l-1H— razol—4— l-2—meth l-1H—
imidazoly||imidoformamide
4-(5-Brom0methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)methyl-1H-imidazol-1—amine,
trifluoroacetate salt (4.90 9, 113.2 mmol) was combined with formamidine acetate
(98%, 4.92 g, 46.3 mmol) in 2—butanol (40 mL), and the reaction mixture was heated at
100 °C for 6 hours, then allowed to cool to room temperature and stir for 18 hours. The
off-white solid was collected by tion and washed with 2-propanol followed by diethyl
ether. The solid was then triturated with aqueous ammonium hydroxide (7.5 M, 40 mL);
tion provided a white solid, which was washed with 2—propanol followed by diethyl
ether to provide the product. Yield: 2.70 g, 9.54 mmol, 72%. 1H NMR (500 MHz,
CD30D), presumed to be a mixture of rotamers or tautomers: 6 2.26 and 2.31 (2 s, 3H),
3.89 and 3.89 (2 s, 3H), 7.26 and 7.40 (2 s, 1H), 7.41 and 7.96 (2 br s, 1H), 7.85 and
7.82 (2 s,1H).
Ste 7. S nthesis of 5- 5-bromometh I-1H- —7—meth limidazo 5 1-
2_‘]|1,2,4|triazin—4(3fl)—one (C3)
1,1'-Carbonylbis(1H—1,2,4—triazole) (90%, 2.69 g, 14.8 mmol) and N—[4-(5—bromo-
1—methyl-1H-pyrazol—4-yl)—2-methyl-1H—imidazol-1—yl]imidoformamide (2.69 g, 9.50
mmol) were combined in 1,4-dioxane (63 mL) and the mixture was stirred for 3.5 hours
at room ature, then heated to 50 °C for 1 hour. Additional 1,1'-carbonytbis(1H—
1,2,4-triazole) (90%, 1.34 g, 7.35 mmol) was added, and heating was ued for 30
minutes. After r addition of 1,1'—carbonylbis(1H—1,2,4-triazole) (90%, 269 mg,
1.48 mmol), heating at 50 °C was carried out for an additional 75 minutes. The on
was d to cool to room temperature, and was then concentrated to half its original
volume; the precipitate was collected and washed with ethyl acetate to afford a white
solid. This was dissolved in methanol (50 mL), trated to dryness and triturated
with water (25 mL). After collection of the solid, it was washed with 2-propanol followed
by diethyl ether to provide C3 as a white solid. Yield: 1.95 g, 6.31 mmol, 66%. LCMS
W0 2012/1 14222 2012/050589
m/z 309.4 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-ds) 8 2.53 (s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 7.87 (s,
1H), 8.17 (s, 1H), 11.69 (brs, 1H).
Ste 8.8 nthesis of 5- 5—bromometh I-1H- meth l 1H—1 2 4-
triazol-1—yl)imidazo|5,1-i_‘]|1,2,4ltriazine
1H—1,2,4-Triazole (4.49 g, 65.0 mmol) was mixed with acetonitrile (40 mL) and
cooled to 0 °C. Phosphorus oxychloride (1.78 mL, 19.4 mmol) was added, followed by
drop-wise addition of triethyiamine (10.9 mL, 78.2 mmol). The temperature was
maintained at 15-20 °C for 30 minutes after the completion of the addition. At this point,
-(5-bromomethyl-1 H—pyrazol—4-yl)—7—methylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)—one
(2.0 g, 6.5 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room
temperature, then heated to 70 °C for 18 hours. The reaction was cooled and poured
into a 10 °C solution of potassium phosphate (97%, 6.56 g, 30.0 mmol) in water (30
mL). After stirring for 5 minutes, the mixture was treated with solid sodium chloride (5 g)
and stirred for an onal 5 minutes. The layers were separated, and the aqueous
layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed
with saturated aqueous sodium chloride on, dried over sodium sulfate, and
filtered. Removal of solvents in vacuo provided the crude product as an orange paste
(2.1 9; contained some triethylamine by 1H NMR), which was used in the next on
without additional cation. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3), product peaks: 8 2.86 (s,
3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.95 (s, 1H).
Step 9. Synthesis of 5—(5-bromo-1~methyl-1H—pyrazol-4—yl)-N,7—
dimeth limidazo 51- 1 24 triazin-4—amine C4
amine (4.31 mL of a 2 M solution in tetrahydrofuran, 8.62 mmol) was
added to a mixture of cesium carbonate (9.78 g, 30.0 mmol) and 5-(5-bromomethyi-
1 zol—4-yl)methyl—4~(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazolyl)imidazo[5,1-f][1 ,2,4]triazine (from the
previous reaction, 2.1 g) in N,Ndimethylformamide (12 mL), and the reaction was
stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. it was quenched with a 1:1 mixture of water and
saturated s sodium chloride solution, then extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 20
mL) and with tetrahydrofuran (10 mL). The combined c layers were dried over
sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to provide C4. Yield: 1.65 g, 5.12
W0 2012/114222
mmol, 78% over 2 steps. LCMS m/z 322.1 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCls) 8 2.70 (s,
3H), 3.10 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 3H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 5.46-5.52 (m, 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H).
Ste 10.8 s of N7-dimeth l-5— 1-meth l—5— 4— trifluorometh l
pyrazol—4-yl}imidazo|5,1-l_‘]|1,2,4|triazinamine
-(5—Bromomethyl-1 H-pyrazolyl)—N,7—dimethylimidazo[5,1—f][1 ,2,4]triazin
amine (13.26 g, 41.16 mmol) and [4—(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid (98%, 9.72 g,
50.2 mmol) were combined in ethanol (126 mL), and the resulting slurry was d
with a solution of potassium phosphate (98%, 11.13 g, 51.39 mmol) in water (42 mL)
and warmed to 70 °C over 40 s while a vigorous nitrogen flow was applied
through a bubbler. After addition of is(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (482 mg,
0.417 mmol), the reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 3.5 hours, then cooled to
room temperature and stirred for an additional 16 hours. The mixture was filtered
through a plug of cotton, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, then
reconcentrated with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2 x 200 mL). The residue was
reconstituted in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (150 mL) and extracted with aqueous
hydrochloric acid (1 M, 70 mL, stirred for 20 minutes). The aqueous layer (pH ~2-3) was
discarded. [This step removes most of the debrominated starting material; it is
ant that the pH of the HCI wash is 3 2.] The organic layer was then extracted
twice with 1 M aqueous hydrochloric acid: first with 100 mL (stirring for 40 minutes),
then with 75 mL (stirring for 20 minutes). The 100 mL aqueous layer was back-
extracted with 2—methyltetrahydrofuran (80 mL, stirred for 30 minutes) to remove some
color. The two hloric acid layers were combined and d with aqueous
sodium hydroxide on (5 M, 35.5 mL), which adjusted the pH to 6. The resulting
mixture was extracted with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (130 mL); the organic layer was
passed through a plug of sodium sulfate (74 g) and concentrated in vacuo to a volume
of roughly 150 mL. This was treated with Darco® G—60 activated carbon (5.03 g), and
spun on a rotary evaporator in a 50 °C water bath for 1 hour. The warm solution was
filtered through a pad of Celite, rinsing with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and the te was
concentrated under d pressure. The resulting pale yellow foam was treated with
tert—butyl methyl ether (150 mL) and swirled in a 50 °C water bath for 5 minutes, then
WO 14222 PCT/132012/050589
was cooled to room temperature with stirring over 1 hour. The resulting slurry was
cooled in an ice bath and held for an additional 30 minutes. The solids were ted
by filtration and rinsed with chilled tert-butyl methyl ether (cooled with a bath of ice -
saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution; 79 mL), then slurried in heptane (150 mL).
This mixture was concentrated in vacuo to a small volume and entrated with
heptane (2 x 150 mL), to a final volume of approximately 50 mL. Filtration provided the
product as a white solid. Yield: 11.91 g, 30.75 mmol, 75%. LCMS m/z 388.2 (M+1). 1H
NMR (400 MHz, CDCls) 8 2.65 (br s, 3H), 3.00 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 3H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 5.49-
.57 (m, 1H), 7.61 (br AB quartet, 2 Hz, AvAB=41.4 Hz, 4H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.91 (br
s, 1H).
Example 4
4— Azetidin-1— l
Ste 1.8 nthesis of 4-chlorometh l 1-meth l-1H— razol limida2051—
[]|1,2,4|triazine
Phosphorus oxychlorlde (16.07 9, 104.8 mmol) was added over 5 minutes to a
slurry of 7-methyl—5-(1-methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)imldazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)—one
(11.98 g, 52.03 mmol) in toluene (180 mL). N,N—Diisopropylethylamine (27.04 9, 209.2
mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was heated at 100 °C for 15 hours. The
W0 2012/114222 PCT/[82012/050589
mixture was cooled to room temperature, at which point LCMS analysis indicated that
the reaction was not complete; additional phosphorus oride (3.98 g, 26.0 mmol)
was added, and the reaction was heated at 100 °C for 22 hours. The mixture was
cooled to room ature, diluted with dichloromethane (24 mL) and stirred for 48
hours at room temperature. Over 50 minutes, the reaction e was added to a
mixture thylamine (58 mL), e (60 mL) and water (120 mL), while the internal
temperature was maintained below 34 °C. Stirring was continued for an additional 15
minutes. The s layer was extracted once with toluene (120 mL), and the
combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution
1O (200 mL) and dried by passing through a plug of sodium sulfate (71 g). The filtrate was
concentrated in vacuo to provide crude product as a dark orange solid (9.77 9); this
was treated with tetrahydrofuran (60 mL) and warmed to reflux for 15 minutes to
provide a solution. This was cooled to room temperature over 30 minutes, granulated
for 30 minutes, then cooled in an ice bath and stirred for 30 minutes. The resulting solid
was collected by filtration and the filter cake was rinsed with pre—chilled tert—butyl methyl
ether (cooled with a bath of ice - saturated s sodium chloride solution; 65 mL).
The product was obtained as a bright orange solid. Yield: 7.59 g, 30.5 mmol, 59%.
LCMS m/z 249.0 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDClg) 8 2.75 (s, 3H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 7.90 (s,
1H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H).
Ste 2. S s of 4— azetidin-1— l
yl)imidazo|5,1—Z]|1,2,4ltriazine
A on of azetidine (9.21 g, 161 mmol) in dichloromethane (75 mL) was
added to a solution of 4—chloromethyl—5-(1-methyl—1 H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,1-
f][1,2,4]triazine (38.14 g, 153.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (310 mL). After stirring for 5
minutes, the reaction was treated with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (0.89 M,
260 mL, 231 mmol) and vigorously stirred for 2 hours. After the phases separated, a
white solid was collected by filtration and mixed with water and dichloromethane; it did
not completely dissolve. Filtration provided a second water/dichloromethane mixture,
which was combined with the original filtrate. The layers were separated, and the
aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 100 mL). The ed organic
layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (250 mL), then
dried over sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated on a rotary
evaporator at 45 °C until solid began to form in the flask. tert-Butyl methyl ether (400
mL) was added with stirring, and the mixture was granulated for 1 hour. Filtration
provided the product as a white solid. Yield: 36.07 g, 133.9 mmol, 87%. 1H NMR (400
MHz, CDClg) 5 2.23—2.31 (m, 2H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.98—4.08 (m, 4H), 7.61 (s,
1H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H).
Ste 3.8 nthesis of 4— azetidin l
4- l-7—meth limidazo 51- 1 2 4 triazine
1O 4-(Azetidin-1—yl)—7-methyl(1~methyl-1 H—pyrazol—4-yl)imidazo[5,1 —
f][1,2,4]triazine (10.0 g, 37.1 mmol), 1-bromo-4—chlorobenzene (14.2 g, 74.2 mmol),
freshly ground potassium carbonate (15.4 g, 111 mmol) and allylpalladium(ll) de
dimer (970 mg, 2.60 mmol) were combined in a reaction flask; the flask was then
evacuated under vacuum and flushed with nitrogen. 1,4-Dioxane (180 mL) was added,
and the reaction was stirred at room temperature. The mixture was ed under
, and en was bubbled h it for 5 minutes. The evacuation-nitrogen
purge procedure was repeated an onal two times. The reaction was heated to 100
°C for 72 hours, then cooled to room temperature and combined with an identical
reaction carried out on 5.0 g of 4—(azetidinyl)—7-methyl-5~(1-methyl—1 H-pyrazoI
yl)imidazo[5,1—f][1,2,4]triazine. The combined reaction mixtures were concentrated in
vacuo, and after sion in ethyl acetate, the residue was applied to a pad of silica
gel topped with Celite. The pad was eluted with ethyl acetate (1.5 L) followed by a 9:1
mixture of ethyl acetate / methanol (1 L). The combined s were concentrated in
vacuo to provide an oil (25 g), which was dissolved in ethyl acetate (500 mL) and
extracted with aqueous hydrochloric acid (1 M, 300 mL). The aqueous layer was
basified with aqueous 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate
(2 x 250 mL). The two organic layers were combined and washed with aqueous citric
acid (1 M, 200 mL), and the aqueous citric acid layer was extracted with ethyl acetate
(8 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were then washed with a 1:1 mixture of
saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate on / ted aqueous sodium chloride
W0 2012/114222
solution, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced
pressure. The resulting solid was stirred in a hot mixture of heptane (~100 mL) and
ethyl acetate (~15 mL), cooled to room temperature and stirred for 16 hours. The solid
was isolated via filtration to provide a white powder (10.6 9). To remove residual
palladium (0.3% by QT! Analytical es analysis), this material was dissolved in a
mixture of ethyl acetate (100 mL) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (150 mL) at room
temperature and d with SiliaBond® thiol (SiliCycle, 1.35 , 5 g, 6.75 mmol
of activity). The mixture was stirred for 20 hours, then filtered through Celite. The filtrate
was treated with Darco® activated carbon (500 mg) and stirred for 15 minutes before
being filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting oil was
oped with a 1:1 mixture of heptane and ethyl e to provide a white solid (9.9
g), which was triturated with a mixture of heptane (80 mL) and ethyl acetate (10 mL) at
reflux, then cooled to room temperature and stirred for an additional 36 hours. Filtration
provided the product as a white solid. Yield: 9.48 g, 25.0 mmol, 67%. LCMS m/z 380.0
(M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3) 8 .28 (m, 2H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 3.4-4.4 (v br m,
4H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 7.31-7.36 (m, 4H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H).
Synthesis of the title product was carried out ing to the procedure for the
synthesis of 4-(azetidinyl)—7—methyl—5-{1~methyl[5—(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-Z-yl1-1 H-
pyrazolyl}imidazo[5,1~I][1,2,4]triazine in Example 2, except that 2-bromo
chloropyridine was used in place of 2-bromo(trifluoromethyl)pyridine. in this case,
after the citric acid wash, the organic layer was dried, filtered and trated under
reduced pressure to provide a pale yellow solid, which was then recrystallized from
PCT/132012/050589
methanol. The solid was dissolved in 2—methyltetrahydrofuran (300 mL), treated with
silica gel and stirred for 18 hours. Darco® activated carbon (2 g) was added, and the
mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, at which time it was filtered through a pad of Celite
and concentrated in vacuo to provide the product as a white solid. Yield: 17.6 g, 46.2
mmol, 52%. LCMS m/z381.0 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDClg) 8 .25 (m, 2H),
2.69 (s, 3H), 3.3-3.8 (v br m, 2H), 3.8-4.3 (v br m, 2H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 7.40 (dd, J=8.5, 0.7
Hz, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J=8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.81(s, 1H), 8.65 (dd, J=2.5, 0.7 Hz,
1H).
Example 6
— 5— 4— Difluorometh l razol—4— l —N 7-dimeth limidazo 5 1-
:111 ,2,41triazin—4-amine
Step 1. Synthesis of 2-[4-(difluoromethyl)phenyll-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl—1,3,2-
dioxaborolane (C5).
A. Synthesis of o-4—(difluoromethyl)benzene. (Diethylamino)sulfur
trifluoride (46 g, 0.29 mol) was added portion—wise over 20 minutes to a solution 01‘4-
bromobenzaldehyde (37.7 g, 0.204 mmol) in dichloromethane (170 mL), and the
reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 1 hour. it was then allowed to cool to room
temperature, stirred for 18 hours, and slowly added over 30 minutes to a stirring solution
of ted aqueous sodium bicarbonate (377 mL) at 0 °C. The ic mixture was
allowed to warm to room temperature, and d for 15 minutes. The aqueous layer
was extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 80 mL) and the combined organic layers were
washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (80 mL), dried over
W0 2012/114222
magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to provide a golden oil. The reaction was
repeated an additional 10 times on 60 gram batches of 4-bromobenzaidehyde (total
starting material: 638 g, 3.45 mol), and the resulting oils were combined and purified by
distillation (b.p. 102 °C at 37 mm Hg) to provide the product as a ess oil. Yield:
577.3 g, 2.79 mol, 81%. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCig) 8 6.62 (t, J=56.3 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (br
d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (br d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H).
B. Synthesis of 2-|4~(difluoromethyl )phenyil-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl—1 ,3,2—
dioxaborolane
[1 ,1’-Bis(diphenyiphosphino)ferrocene]dichioropaiiadium(ll) (25.25 g, 34.5 mmol)
was added in one portion to a degassed mixture of o(difluoromethyl)benzene
(160 g, 0.77 mol), 4,4,4',4',5,5,5‘,5'-octamethy|—2,2'—bi-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (392.5 g,
1.55 mol) and potassium acetate (303 g, 3.09 mol) in oxane (2.42 L), and the
reaction was heated to 100 °C for 18 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room
temperature and filtered h , washing with ethyl acetate (3 L). The filtrate
was concentrated in vacuo to give a dark brown oil. The reaction was repeated an
additional 3 times, on batches of 50 g, 160 g and 156 g of 1-bromo
(difluoromethyl)benzene (total starting material, 526 g, 2.54 moi), and the combined
crude products were purified twice by chromatography on silica gel (Gradient: 0% to 3%
ethyl acetate in heptane) to provide a yellow-white solid (803 g). This was recrystallized
from methanol (1.6 L) at —20 °C, and the filtrate was concentrated to one—half its original
volume, cooled, and the resulting solid was collected by filtration. The combined solids
(426 g) were recrystallized from e (500 mL) at -20 °C, then melted and poured
into methanol (200 mL) cooled in a ol-ice bath. The mixture was broken up and
filtered to yield C5 as a solid. Yield: 250.7 g, 0.987 mmol, 39%. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CDCig) 6 1.37 (s, 12H), 6.65 (t, J=56.4 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (br d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.92 (br d,
:80 Hz, 2H).
Ste 2. S s of 5- 5- 4— difluorometh i
N7-dimeth iimidazo 5 1- 1 2 4 triazinamine
[5-(5-BromomethyI-1H-pyrazoi—4-yl)-N,7-dimethylimidazo[5,1-21[1,2,4]triazin
amine (13.01 g, 40.38 mmol) and 2—[4-(dif|uoromethyl)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-
W0 201211 14222
dioxaborolane (12.75 g, 50.18 mmol) were combined in ethanol (126 mL), and the
ing slurry was treated with a solution of potassium phosphate (98%, 11.04 g,
50.97 mmol) in water (42 mL) and warmed to 70 °C over 30 minutes while a vigorous
nitrogen flow was applied through a bubbler. After addition of tetrakis(triphenyl
phosphine) palladium(0) (481 mg, 0.416 mmol), the reaction mixture was heated at
reflux for 4 hours, then cooled to room ature and stirred for an additional 16
hours. The mixture was filtered h a plug of cotton, and the filtrate was
concentrated in vacuo, then entrated with 2—methyltetrahydrofuran (2 x 150 mL).
The residue was reconstituted in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (150 mL) and extracted with
1O aqueous hydrochloric acid (1 M, 70 mL, stirred for 20 minutes). The aqueous layer (pH
~2-3) was discarded. The organic layer was extracted twice with 1 M aqueous
hydrochloric acid: first with 100 mL (stirring for 1 hour), then with 75 mL (stirring for 20
minutes). The 100 mL s layer was back—extracted with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
(75 mL, stirred for 20 minutes) to remove a light yellow color; from this organic layer
precipitated a solid, which was collected and rinsed with tert-butyl methyl ether to
provide X-ray quality crystals. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed this material to be
the monohydrate of the hydrochloride salt of the product. The two hydrochloric acid
layers were combined and treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (5 M, 35.5
mL), which adjusted the pH to 6. The resulting mixture was extracted with 2-
methyltetrahydrofuran (150 mL); the c layer was passed through a plug of sodium
sulfate (58 g) and concentrated in vacuo to a volume of roughly 150 mL. This yellow
solution was treated with Darco® G-6O activated carbon (5.03 g), and spun on a rotary
evaporator in a 50 °C water bath for 1.5 hours. The warm solution was filtered through a
pad of , and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting
light yellow solid was treated with tert—butyl methyl ether (250 mL) and spun on a rotary
ator in a 55 °C water bath for 1 hour. Roughly 100 mL of solvent was removed
using the rotary evaporator, and the resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature
with stirring over 1 hour. The slurry was then cooled in an ice bath and stirred for an
additional 30 s. The solids were ted by filtration and rinsed with chilled tert-
butyl methyl ether (cooled in ice - saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution bath; 50
WO 20122114222
mL) to provide the product as a powdery white solid. Yield: 11.27 g, 30.51 mmol, 76%.
LCMS m/z 370.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCls) 6 2.65 (br s, 3H), 2.98 (d, J=5.1 Hz,
3H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 5.48—5.55 (m, 1H), 6.65 (t, J=56.3 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (br AB quartet,
JAB=8.4 Hz, AVAB=17.9 Hz, 4H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.90 (br s, 1H).
Example 7
N 7-Dimeth |-5~1-meth l-5—5- trifluorometh I ridin—2- l—1H— razol l imidazo 5 1-
4[triazinamine
Ste 1.8 nthesis of N— 4-methox benz l—N7-dimeth l1-meth l-1H-
4-yl)imidazo|5,1-Z]|1,2,4ltriazin-4~amine (C6)
The product was synthesized in a manner similar to that bed for the
preparation of 4—(azetidin—1—yl)-7—methyl(1-methyl-1 H—pyrazol-4—y|)imidazo[5,1—
f][1,2,4]triazine in Example 2, except that ethoxyphenyl)—N~methylmethanamine
was utilized in place of azetidine hydrochloride, and the workup was modified
somewhat: after the slurry was extracted with dichloromethane, the combined organic
layers were washed with 1 N aqueous sodium ide solution, washed with
ted aqueous sodium chloride solution, and dried over sodium sulfate. After
filtration, the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and passed through a short column of
silica gel (Eluant: 5% methanol in ethyl acetate). The eluant was concentrated under
reduced pressure, and the resulting solid was washed with utyl methyl ether
followed by diethyl ether, to provide C6. Yield: 36.0 g, 99.1 mmol, 76%. LCMS m/z
364.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 6 2.67 (s, 3H), 2.84 (s, 3H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.88
(s, 3H), 4.66 (s, 2H), 6.82 (br d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.07 (br d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.58 (s, 1H),
7.62 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H).
N-(4-Methoxybenzyi)-N,7-dimethyI(1-methyl-1H—pyrazoly|)imidazo[5,1—
f][1,2,4]triazinamine (10.0 g, 27.5 mmol), o—5—(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (12.4 g,
54.9 mmol) and powdered potassium carbonate (11.4 g, 82.5 mmol) were combined in
1,4-dioxane (90 mL) and heated at reflux for 10 minutes. alladium chloride dimer
(98%, 514 mg, 1.38 mmol) was added, and the reaction was heated for 22 hours at 160
°C in a sealed tube capped with a Q-TubeTM (Q Labtech). The reaction was cooled to
room ature and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in ethyl
acetate, filtered through Celite and trated under reduced pressure. Silica gel
chromatography (Gradient: 50% to 100% ethyl acetate in heptane) ed a pale
brown foam (7.85 g), which was crystallized from heptane (~100 mL ) and ethyl acetate
(~5 mL) to e the product as a pale brown powder. Yield: 7.00 g, 13.8 mmol, 50%.
LCMS m/z 509.1 (M+1). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCig) 8 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.72 (s, 3H), 3.75 (s,
3H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 4.34 (br s, 2H), 6.76 (br d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.94 (br d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H),
7.39 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J=8.3, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 8.95-
8.96 (m, 1H).
Ste 3.8 nthesis of N7-dimeth I-5— 1-meth l 5- trifluorometh l
1H- razol l imidazo 51- 1 2 4 triazinamine
N-(4-Methoxybenzyi)~N,7-dimethyI{1-methyl-5—[5—(trifluoromethyl)pyridin—2-yi]-
1H~pyrazolyl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazinamine (7.00 g, 13.8 mmol) was dissolved
in romethane (46 mL) and treated with trifluoroacetic acid (40 mL, 520 mmol) and
methoxybenzene (99.7%, 7.0 mL, 64 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 40 °C
for 4 hours, then concentrated in vacuo. Aqueous 1 N sodium hydroxide solution was
added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl e. The organic layer was
concentrated under reduced pressure to provide crude product (12 g), which was
combined with the crude product from two additional runs of this reaction (total starting
material: 18.09 g, 35.57 mmol). The combined material was dissolved in hot methanol,
allowed to cool slightly, and treated with Darco® activated carbon (8 9); this mixture was
heated for 1 hour at 50 °C and filtered through Celite. The volume of the filtrate was
2012/050589
d, and the on was left to crystallize for 18 hours. The resulting beige
crystals were determined by 1H NMR to contain residual methoxybenzene. Trituration
with diethyl ether provided the product as a white solid. Combined yield: 8.73 g, 22.5
mmol, 63%. LCMS m/z 389.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 2.58 (s, 3H), 2.85
(s, 3H), 4.15 (s, 3H), 7.38 (brd, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.98-8.01 (m,
1H), 9.02—9.04 (m, 1H).
Alternate Preparation of N—(4-methoxybenzyl)—N,7-dimethyl-5—i1-methyl—5-|5-
orometh | ridin l -1H— razol l imidazo 5 1- 1 2 4 triazin—4-amine
Ste 1. S nthesis of 5- 5-bromo—1—meth l-1H~ ~4—chloro
methylimidazo|5,1-[]|1,2,4ltriazine
A mixture of 5-(5—bromo—1-methyl—1H—pyrazol—4-yl)—7-methylimidazo[5,1-
r][1,2,4]triazin—4(3H)-one (10.00 g, 32.35 mmol) in toluene (100 mL) was treated with
phosphorus oxychloride (9.05 mL, 97.1 mmol). After drop-wise addition of MN-
diisopropylethylamine (28.2 mL, 162 mmol), the mixture was heated at 105 °C for 24
hours. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, and then was diluted with
dichloromethane (20 mL) and added over 10 minutes to a solution comprised of
triethylamine (30 mL), e (50 mL) and water (80 mL), while keeping the internal
temperature below 36 °C. After an additional 20 minutes of stirring, the phases were
separated, and the aqueous layer (pH ~7) was extracted with toluene (100 mL). The
combined organic layers were washed with aqueous citric acid on (1 M, 150 mL),
then washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over magnesium
sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to provide the t as a
solid. Yield: 9.80 g, 29.9 mmol, 92%. LCMS m/z 328.9 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CDClg) 6 2.78 (s, 3H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H).
Ste 2.8 nthesis of 5- 5-bromometh l—1H- 4-methox benz l-
N7-dimeth limidazo 5 1- 1 2 4 triazin-4—amine
A solution of 5-(5-bromo—1—methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)—4-chloromethylimidazo[5,1-
f][1,2,4]triazine (9.80 g, 29.9 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) was treated with 1-(4-
methoxypheny|)-N-methylmethanamine (4.52 g, 29.9 mmol). After stirring at room
temperature for 10 minutes, the reaction was diluted with ted aqueous sodium
PCT/[32012/050589
bicarbonate solution (100 mL) and stirred for an additional hour. The organic layer was
then washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over magnesium
sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced re to afford the product as a
solid. Yield: 12.9 g, 29.2 mmol, 98%. LCMS m/z 443.9 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CDCI3) 6 2.71 (s, 3H), 2.79 (s, 3H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 4.67 (br s, 2H), 6.82 (br d,
:87 Hz, 2H), 7.10 (br d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H).
Ste 3.8 nthesis of N- 4-methox benz l -N7—dimeth l-5— 1-meth l-5— 5-
trifluorometh l ridin |-1H- razol l imidazo 51- 1 2 4 triazinamine
A solution of romo—1-methyl—1 H—pyrazolyl)—N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N,7—
dimethylimidazo[5,1-r][1,2,4]triazinamine (3.35 g, 7.57 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (75
mL) was cooled to -78 °C and treated over 5 minutes with llithium (2.3 M solution
in , 3.46 mL, 7.96 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, and
then treated in one portion with a ~78 °C solution of zinc chloride (99.5%, 1.30 g, 9.49
mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL). After stirring for 5 minutes at —78 °C, the reaction was
warmed to room temperature over 30 s. After addition of 2-bromo-5—
(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (2.57 g, 11.4 mmol), the on mixture was heated to 50 °C,
treated with tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (99.9%, 87.9 mg, 0.076 mmol),
and maintained at reflux for 4 hours. The reaction was cooled and concentrated in
vacuo; the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed sequentially with water,
saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution, and saturated s sodium
bicarbonate solution. After drying over magnesium sulfate, the product solution was
filtered and concentrated in vacuo. cation via silica gel chromatography (Gradient:
0% to 100% ethyl acetate in heptane) ed a pale yellow oil (2.3 g), which was
crystallized from heptane to afford the product as a white powder. Yield: 1.58 g, 3.11
mmol, 41%. APCl m/z 509.5 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13)8 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.72 (s,
3H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 4.34 (br s, 2H), 6.76 (br d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.94 (br d,
J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J=8.4, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.85
(s, 1H), 8.94-8.96 (m, 1H).
Example 8
PCT/182012/050589
meth Iimidazo 51- 1 2 4triazine
Ste 1.8 nthesis of 4— in I —5- 5-bromometh I-1H-
methylimidazo|5,1-7_‘]l1,2,4|triazine (C7)
A mixture of 5-(5—bromomethyl-1H—pyrazolyl)-7—methylimidazo[5,1—
4]triazin-4(3H)—one (5.02 g, 16.2 mmol) and toluene (100 mL) was treated with
orus oxychloride (7.50 mL, 80.5 mmol) and heated to 45 °C. N,N—
Diisopropylethylamine (17.0 mL, 97.6 mmol) was added in four equal portions, waiting
for the exotherm to subside before adding another portion. The on mixture was
heated to 95 °C for 42 hours, cooled to 35 °C and added to an aqueous solution of
potassium phosphate (2.5 M, 45.0 mL), also at 35 °C, in four ns; during this
addition the temperature rose to 63 °C. The resulting mixture was filtered through
Celite, which was then rinsed with additional toluene. The organic layer of the filtrate
was washed with aqueous citric acid solution (0.57 M, 30 mL), then washed with
saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (25 mL) and dried over sodium sulfate.
After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to a volume of approximately 100
mL. This was added to a solution of azetidine (2.34 g, 41.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20
mL), and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature, at which time
it was poured in four portions into an aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (0.65 M,
125 mL) with vigorous stirring. The aqueous layer was extracted with toluene (3 x 50
mL) and the combined c layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium
chloride solution (25 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo
to a volume of imately 75 mL. Heptane (100 mL) was added with vigorous
stirring, and the mixture was granulated at room ature for 2 hours, then cooled in
an ice bath for 15 minutes. The resulting solid was collected by vacuum filtration to
provide C7. Yield: 4.45 g, 12.8 mmol, 79%. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 6 2.24-2.33 (m,
2H), 2.68 (s, 3H), 3.5-4.5 (v br m, 4H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H).
Ste 2. S nthesis of 4- azetidin—1- l 5-
1H—pyrazol—4-yl|methylimidazo[5,1~[H1,2,4|triazine
4—(Azetidiny|)(5—bromo-1—methyl-1H—pyrazol-4—yl)methyiimidazo[5,1-
f][1,2,4]triazine (200 mg, 0.574 mmol) was combined with hoxy—2—
methylphenyl)boronic acid (180 mg, 1.08 mmol), potassium phosphate dihydrate (98%,
571 mg, 2.25 mmol), tetrakis(triphenyiphosphine)palladium(0) (99.9%, 65.9 mg, 0.057
mmol) and methylformamide (12 mL) and heated in a microwave reactor at 150
°C for 60 minutes. This reaction mixture was combined with crude reaction ts
from three other identical reactions, and poured into water. The mixture was extracted
with ethyl acetate, and the combined c layers were washed with water, then with
saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. After drying over sodium sulfate, the
organic ts were filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification via silica gel
chromatography (Eiuants: heptane / ethyl acetate / methanol mixtures, 90:15:10
followed by 60:30:10, 45:55:10, 30:70:10 ) provided the product as a solid.
Combined yield: 508 mg, 1.30 mmol, 56%. LCMS m/z 390.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CDC13)5 2.08 (s, 3H), 2.26-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.60 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.8—4.2
(v br m, 4H), 6.72-6.76 (m, 2H), 7.17—7.24 (br m, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H).
Example 9
4- Meth Iamino 1-meth l 4- trifluorometh l razol l imidazo 5 1-
[H1,2,4|triazinyl|methano|
Rat liver
microsomes
N,7-Dimethyl—5-{1-methyl—5-[4-(trif|uoromethyl)phenyl]—1 H—pyrazol—4-
yl}imidazo[5,1—r][1,2,4]triazin—4-amine, at a substrate concentration of 50 uM, was
incubated for 1 hour with rat liver microsomes and NADPH (1 mM) (21.1 mg/mL protein
concentration; 25 mL incubation volume). incubations were extracted with 4 volumes of
acetonitrile. ing fugation at 3400 rpm, the supernatant was evaporated at 25
°C in a Turbovap. The residue was reconstituted with 5% aqueous acetonitrile and
subjected to preparative reverse-phase HPLC purification (Column: Zorbax Rx—C8
[Agilent], 250x96 mm, 5 pm; Mobile phase A: aqueous 5 mM um formate, pH 3;
Mobile phase B: acetonitrile; Gradient: 10% to 90% B; UV detection at 254 mm). The
fractions containing the M+16 metabolite were dried down to provide the product as a
solid. MS m/z 404 (M+H). 1H NMR (600 MHz, s) 6 2.71 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 3H), 3.86
(s, 3H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 6.68 (br q, J=4.7 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.76
(d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.85 (s, 1H).
Example 10
7-Meth I—N— meth l—d3 ‘l-meth |4- orometh l
l imidazo 5 1- ‘l 2 4 triazinamine
1. 8 nthesis of 7-meth l-5—1-meth l-5—4- trifluorometh l
razol l imidazo 5 1- 1 2 4 triazin-4 3 "one
-(5-Bromo-1—methyl—1H-pyrazolyl)-7—methylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3l—I)—
one (200 mg, 0.647 mmol), [4—(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid (96%, 128 mg, 0.647
mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (60.1 mg, 0.052 mmol) and sodium
carbonate (206 mg, 1.94 mmol) were combined in ethanol (4 mL) and subjected to
microwave irradiation at 130 °C for 45 minutes, then heated at 100 °C for 18 hours. The
solvent was removed in vacuo, and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate
1O and water. The s layer was extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the
combined organic layers were trated in vacuo and ed via silica gel
chromatography (Gradient: 50% to 100% [5% methanol / 5% triethylamine / 90% ethyl
acetate] in heptane) to e the product. Yield: 90 mg, 0.24 mmol, 37%. LCMS m/z
375.4 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDgoD) 6 2.47 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 7.56 (br d, J=8
Hz, 2H), 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.71 (brd, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.98 (s, 1H).
Step 2. Synthesis of 7—methyl—N-(methyl-dgz-S—i1-methyl[4-
trifluorometh l hen l-1H— razol—4- l o51- 1 2 4triazin-4—amine
7-Methyl{1 -methyl—5-[4~(trifl uoromethyl)phenyl]-1 H—pyrazolyl}imidazo[5,1 -
i][1,2,4]triazin-4(3l-I)—one was converted to the product according to the general
procedure for the synthesis of 4-(azetidin—1—yl)methyl—5-(1—methyl—1H—pyrazol-4—
2012/050589
yl)imidazo[1,5-fJ[1,2,4]triazine in Example 2, except that methyl-dyamine was used in
place of azetidine hydrochloride. In this case, the on was worked up via removal of
solvent in vacuo, followed by addition of water and e xtraction with ethyl e. The
combined organic layers were concentrated under reduced pressure and purified using
silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 0% to 100% [5% methanol / 5% triethylamine /
90% ethyl acetate] in heptane) to afford the product as a gummy oil. Yield: 20 mg, 0.051
mmol, 42%. LCMS m/z 391.4 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDsoD) 5 2.57 (s, 3H), 3.94
(s, 3H), 7.51 (br d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.70 (brd, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H)
Example 11
meth limidazo 51- 1 2 4triazine
Ste 1.8 nthesis of 5—chloro—3—fluorotrimeth lstann l ridine
chloro—3-fluoropyridine (98%, 254 mg, 1.50 mmol) was dissolved in
anhydrous 1,4—dioxane (10 mL) in a sealable tube. Hexamethyldistannane (99%, 0.346
mL, 1.65 mmol), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(ll) (99%, 138 mg, 0.195
mmol) and triphenylarsine (97%, 47.4 mg, 0.150 mmol) were added; the tube was then
d with nitrogen, sealed and heated at 80 °C for 16 hours. After cooling, the
on mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was chromatographed
twice on basic alumina (Gradient: 0% to 20% ethyl acetate in heptane), affording the
product. Yield: 390 mg, 1.32 mmol, 88%. LCMS m/z 296.0 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CDClg) 6 0.34-0.49 (m, 9H), 7.29 (dd, J=6.5, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (dd, J=2.0, 2.0 Hz, 1H).
Ste 2. S nthesis of 4- azetidin l 5— 5-chlorofluoro
1H— razol lmeth limidazo 51- 1 24triazine
W0 2012/114222
4-(Azetidiny|)(5-bromo-1—methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)methylimidazo[5,1-
f][1,2,4]triazine (35 mg, 0.10 mmol) and rofluoro(trimethylstannyi)pyridine
(59.5 mg, 0.202 mmol) were combined in toluene (1 mL) in a sealable tube and treated
with dichlorobis(tripheny|phosphine)palladium(ll) (99%, 3.50 mg, 0.0050 mmol). The
tube was sealed, and the on mixture was heated at 120 °C for 24 hours. The
reaction was cooled, filtered through Celite and the pad was washed with ethyl acetate.
After l of solvent from the filtrate under reduced pressure, the residue was
purified via silica gel chromatography (Eluant: 1% methanol in ethyl acetate) to provide
the product as a solid. Yield: 20 mg, 0.050 mmol, 50%. LCMS m/z 399.1 (M+1). 1H
NMR (400 MHz, CDClg) 8 2.21-2.30 (m, 2H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 3.86—4.14 (br m, 4H), 3.98 (s,
3H), 7.40 (dd, J=9.0, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 8.51-8.53 (m, 1H).
e 12
razol—4- l imidazo 5 1—
1 2 4 triazine trifluoroacetate salt
Ste 1. S nthesis of meth l 2— 4—methox benz lamino meth lene h drazine
carboxylate.
Methyl 2-(ethoxymethylene)hydrazinecarboxylate (prepared according to the
method of N. Shao et al., Tetrahedron Left. 2006, 47, 6743—6746; 5.00 g, 34.2 mmol)
and 4-methoxybenzylamine (4.44 mL, 34.2 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (20 mL),
and the reaction was heated to 50 °C for 2 hours, then allowed to stir at room
ature for 18 hours. Filtration provided the product as a solid. Yield: 4.80 g, 20.2
W0 2012l1 14222
mmol, 59%. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 6 3.69 (br s, 3H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 4.27 (br s, 2H),
6.80 and 7.62 (2 br s, 1H), 6.89 (br d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.19-7.28 (br m, 2H).
Ste 2. S nthesis of meth | 2- 2— 5-bromo-1—meth l—1H—
2-formylhydrazinecarboxylate.
Methyl 2-{[(4-methoxybenzyl)amino]methy|ene}hydrazinecarboxylate (3.28 g,
13.8 mmol), 2-bromo-1—(5—bromomethyI-1H—pyrazol-4—yl)ethanone (3.90 g, 13.8
mmol) and sodium carbonate (1.16 g, 13.8 mmol) were combined in a e of MN-
diisopropylethylamine (99.5%, 2.30 mL, 13.8 mmol) and acetonitrile (30 mL). The
reaction was heated at 80 °C for 18 hours, at which time water was added, and heated
1O was continued for 10 minutes. After removal of solvent in vacuo, the aqueous residue
was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate (100 mL). The aqueous layer was
extracted with ethyl acetate (4 x 100 mL), and the combined organic layers were dried
over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification
using silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 0% to 100% ethyl acetate in heptane)
provided the product (1.20 g), contaminated with some impurities. This al was
taken directly to the following step. LCMS m/z 319.0 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D)
6, product peaks: 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 4.82 (br s, 2H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H).
Ste 3. S nthesis of meth l 4- 5-bromometh l—1H— 4— l -1H-imidazo|—
1-yl mate.
Methyl 2—[2—(5—bromomethyl-1 H—pyrazol—4-yl)oxoethyl]formylhydrazine
carboxylate (1.20 g, 3.76 mmol) was mixed with ammonium acetate (1.16 g, 15.0
mmol), formamide (4 mL) and itrile (5 mL). The reaction was heated to 130 °C,
and the acetonitrile was allowed to boil off for 10 minutes. Heating was continued for an
additional 4 hours. After addition of water, the crude mixture was extracted eight times
with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered
and concentrated in vacuo; purification via silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 0% to
100% [10% ol in ethyl acetate] in e) afforded the product as a pinkish
solid. Yield: 800 mg, 2.67 mmol, 19% over two steps. LCMS m/z 299.8 (M+1). 1H NMR
(400 MHz, CD30D) 8 3.80 (br s, 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 7.52 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=1.3
Hz, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H).
W0 2012I114222 PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
Ste 4.8 nthesis of4- 5-bromometh l-1H— razol l-1H—imidazolamine.
A e of methyl bromo—1-methyl-1H-pyrazoIyl)-1H-imidazol
bamate (400 mg, 1.33 mmol) and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1 M, 1.33
mL, 1.33 mmol) was heated at 100 °C for 18 hours. After g, the aqueous mixture
was ted five times with 2—butanol, and the combined organic layers were dried
over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to e the product as a
beige solid. Yield: 310 mg, 1.28 mmol, 96%. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 6 3.89 (s, 3H),
7.46 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H).
Ste 5. S nthesis of 5- 5—bromometh l—1H- razol—4— l imidazo 51—
1O [H1,2,4|triazin-4(3fl)~one.
Formamidine acetate (98%, 132 mg, 1.24 mmol) and 4—(5-bromomethyl-1H—
pyrazolyl)—1H—imidazolamine (300 mg, 1.24 mmol) were combined in 2-butanol (10
mL) and heated at 110 °C for 3 hours. Additional formamidine acetate (98%, 132 mg,
1.24 mmol) was added, and heating was continued for an additional 18 hours. After the
reaction cooled, water and ethyl acetate were added. The aqueous layer was extracted
twice with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium
sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to provide the intermediate amidine as a
white solid (260 mg, 0.966 mmol). LCMS m/z 269.1 (M+1). This was dissolved in 1,4-
dioxane (4 mL) and treated with 1,1'-carbonylbis(1H—1,2,4-triazole) (212 mg, 1.16
mmol); the reaction was heated at 70 °C for 18 hours, then concentrated under reduced
pressure. After on of dichloromethane and methanol to the residue, the mixture
was filtered, and the filtrate was applied to a silica gel column and eluted (Gradient: 0%
to 100% [90:5:5 ethyl acetate/triethylamine/methanol] in heptane) to afford the product.
Yield: 55 mg, 0.19 mmol, 19%. LCMS m/z 295.0 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8
3.95 (s, 3H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H).
Ste 6. S nthesis of 4- azetidin l—5- 5-bromometh l—1H—
yl)imidazo|5,1-[]l1,2,4itriazine (C8).
Phosphorus oxychloride (0.046 mL, 0.503 mmol) was added to a mixture of 5-(5-
bromomethyl-1H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,1-fl[1,2,4]triazin-4(3/-l)-one (50 mg, 0.17
mmol) in toluene (1 mL). After on of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (99.5%, 0.149 mL,
2012/050589
0.84 mmol), the reaction was allowed to stir at room temperature for 18 hours. After
removal of solvent in vacuo, the e was dissolved in dichloromethane and treated
with azetidine (0.023 mL, 0.34 mmol). After 66 hours, the reaction was concentrated
under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography
(Gradient: 0% to 10% methanol in ethyl acetate) to provide C8. Yield: 25 mg, 0.075
mmol, 44%. LCMS m/z 336.1 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 8 2.26-2.34 (m, 2H),
3.5-4.4 (v br m, 4H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H).
Ste 7. S nthesis of 4- azetidin-1— meth l—5 trifluorometh l
1H-pyrazolyltimidazolSJ-i_‘]l1,2,4[triazine, trifluoroacetate salt
4-(Azetidin—1-y|)(5—bromo~1-methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine
(15 mg, 0.045 mmol), [4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid (9.50 mg, 0.0500 mmol),
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (4.6 mg, 0.0040 mmol) and sodium carbonate
(9.5 mg, 0.090 mmol) were combined in ethanol (4 mL), and the reaction mixture was
heated at reflux for 18 hours. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and
ed via reversed-phase HPLC (Column: Waters Sunfire C18, 19x100 mm, 5 pm;
Mobile phase A: 0.05% TFA in water (v/v); Mobile phase B: 0.05% TFA in acetonitrile
(v/v); Gradient: 5% to 100% B). Yield: 4.5 mg, 0.011 mmol, 24%. ion time: 2.32
minutes (Column: Waters Atlantis dC18, 4.6x50 mm, 5 pm; Mobile phase A: 0.05% TFA
in water (v/v); Mobile phase B: 0.05% TFA in acetonitrile (v/v); Gradient: linear, 5% to
95% B over 4.0 minutes; Flow rate: 2 mL/minute). LCMS m/z 400.2 (M+1).
Method A
Suzuki reaction under microwave ions: alternate s nthesis of N 7-dimeth l—5
meth l—5- 4- trifluorometh l 1 2 4 triazinamine
5-(5-BromomethyI-1H-pyrazoIyl)—N,7-dimethylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin
amine (500 mg, 1.55 mmol), [4-(trifiuoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid (590 mg, 3.11
PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
mmol), sodium carbonate (329 mg, 3.10 mmol),
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (179 mg, 0.155 mmol) and ethanol (10 mL)
were combined in a microwave vessel. The reaction was subjected to microwave
ation at 130 °C for 45 minutes at 200W. The reaction was dried over sodium
sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification via silica gel chromatography
(Eluant: 20% tetrahydrofuran in dichloromethane) ed the product as a light yellow
solid. Yield: 423 mg, 1.13 mmol, 73%. LCMS m/z 388.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz,
CDCI3) 6 2.62 (s, 3H), 2.99 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 3H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 5.46—5.53 (m, 1H), 7.60 (br
AB quartet, JAB=8 Hz, AvAB=48 Hz, 4H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H).
1O Method B
Fluorination of carbon l rou :alternate s nthesis of 5- 5 difluorometh l hen l
meth l-1H— razol l-N7-dimeth limidazoS1- 1 2 4 triazinamine
Ste 1. S s of 4-1—meth l~4~7~meth l-4— meth lamino imidazo 5 1-
[H1 ,2,4|triazin—5—yll-1H—pyrazolyltbenzaldehyde
-Bromo-1—methyl-1H—pyrazolyl)—N,7-dimethylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin
amine (1.18 g, 3.66 mmol), (4—formylphenyl)boronic acid (604 mg, 4.03 mmol),
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (423 mg, 0.366 mmol) and sodium carbonate
(776 mg, 7.32 mmol) were combined in ethanol (20 mL), and the reaction mixture was
W0 2012/1 14222
heated at reflux for 18 hours. After cooling, solvent was removed in vacuo, and the
residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was dried
over sodium sulfate, ed, and concentrated under d pressure. Purification via
silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 0% to 100% [182111 ethyl acetate / methanol /
triethylamine] in heptane) provided the crude product (900 mg), which was taken
directly to the next step. LCMS m/z 348.2 (M+1). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D), product
peaks only: 6 2.57 (s, 3H), 2.82 (s, 3H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 7.51 (br d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.75 (s,
1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.92 (br d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 9.98 (s, 1H).
Ste 2. S nthesis of 5- fluorometh l
N,7—dimethylimidazo|5,1~f1|1,2,4]triazinamine
ethyl-4—[7-methyl(methylamino)imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin—5-yl]—1H-
pyrazolyl}benzaldehyde (from the previous step, 900 mg) was dissolved in
dichloromethane (8.6 mL) and treated with (diethylamino)sulfur trifluoride (0.34 mL, 2.6
mmol). After the reaction had stirred for 18 hours, additional (diethylamino)sulfur
trifluoride (0.40 mL, 3.0 mmol) was added, and stirring was continued for 3 hours. One
more charge of (diethylamino)sulfur trifluoride (0.40 mL, 3.0 mmol) was followed by 1
hour of ng. The reaction was then diluted with dichloromethane and aqueous
sodium bicarbonate solution, and the s layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (4
x 400 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and
concentrated in vacuo; purification via silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 0% to 100%
{18:1 :1 ethyl e / methanol / triethylamine} in heptane) provided the product as a
beige foam. Yield: 370 mg, 1.00 mmol, 27% over 2 steps. LCMS m/z 370.1 (M+1). 1H
NMR (400 MHz, CD30D) 6 2.57 (s, 3H), 2.82 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 6.76 (t, J=56.1 Hz,
1H), 7.50 (br AB quartet, JAB=8 Hz, AVAB=54 Hz, 4H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H).
1H NMR (400 MHz, 00013), 5
Method of ppm); LCMS, observed ion m/z
Prep; M+1) or HPLC retention time
Structure iUPAC Name
starting' minutes); MS observed ion m/z
material M+1) (unless otherwise
ndicated)
~(azetidinyi)—7—
2.22-2.31 (m, 2H), 2.64 (s,
—{1 —
3H), 3.5-4.4 (v br m, 4H), 3.93
ethyl[4-
(s, 3H), 7.55 (br d, J=8 Hz,
trifl uoromethyl)ph
2H), 7.65 (br d, J=8 Hz, 2H),
nyI]-1H—pyrazol—
7.57 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H);
-yl}imidazo[5,1-
414.5
[1,2,4]triazine
- ifluoroazetidin-1 -
2.68 (s, 3H), 3.96 (s, 3H),
) ethyi{1 -
4.08—4.21 (br m, 4H), 7.53 (br
ethyl—5—[4-
d, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.65 (br d, J=8
trifl thyl)ph
Hz, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.87 (s,
nyl]-1H—pyrazol-
1H); 450.5
~yl}imidazo[5,1-
f] [1 ,2,4]triazine
H NMR (500 MHz, ):
4—(azetidin~1-yl)—
1.22 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 2.19-
—[5—(4-
2.25 (m, 2H), 2.53 (s, 3H),
ethylphenyI)-‘I -
2.54 (q, =7.7 Hz, 2H), 3.5-3.9
methyl-1H—
(v br m, 2H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.9-
pyrazoIyl]-7—
4.3 (v br m, 2H), 7.18 (br d,
methyiimidazo[5,
=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (br d,
1—1‘][1 ,2,4]triazine
J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (s, 1H),
2012/050589
7.77 (s, 1H); 374.1
—(azetidinyl) H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3):
ethyl(1- 2.20—2.27 (m, 2H), 2.63 (s,
-phenyl- 3H), 3.5-3.9 (v br m, 2H), 3.91
1H-pyrazof (s, 3H), 3.9-4.3 (v br m, 2H),
. I)imidazo[5,1- 7.32-7.38 (m, 5H), 7.65 (s,
f][1,2,4]triazine 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H); 346.1
~(azetidinyl)—5-
2.17-2.27 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s,
~(4-
3H), 3.5—4.3 (v br m, 4H), 3.77
ethoxypheny1)—
(s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 6.86 (br
Ex 2; C2 1-methyl-1H—
d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (br d,
yrazoI—4-yl]
J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (s, 1H),
ethylimidazo[5,1
7.76 (s, 1H); 376.1
fl[1,2,4]triazine
2.15-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.34 (br s,
—(azetldmyl)_ .
3H), 2.69 (s, 3H), 3.5-3.8 (v br
ethyl[1-
m, 2H), 3.9—4.2 (v br m, 2H),
ethyl—5(5-
4.11 (s, 3H), .28 (m, 1H,
assumed; partially obscured b
solvent peak), 7.34-7.38 (m,
1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H),
8.51-8.53 (br s, 1H); 361.5
2.16-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.69 (s,
3H), 3.5-3.8 (v br m, 2H), 3.85
(s, 3H), 3.9-4.2 (v br m, 2H),
4.09 (s, 3H), 7.05 (dd, J=8.7,
1—4-yl]—7— 3.0 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.8 Hz,
ethylimidazo[5,1 1H), 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H),
f][1,2,4]triazine 8.38 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 1H); 377.5
W0 20121114222 PCT/132012/050589
-(azetidinyl) 2.24-2.32 (m, 2H), 2.66 (s,
-(3-fluoro 3H), 3.5-3.9 (v br m, 2H), 3.90
phenyl)— (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.9-4.3 (v
br m, 2H), 6.95 (dd, J=8.9, 8.5
lyI] Hz, 1H), 7.09-7.15 (m, 2H),
ethylimldazo[5,1 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H);
f][1,2,4]triazine APCl m/z 394.2 (M+1)
-(3, 3-
o ifluoroazetldln—1 -
2.68 (s, 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.93
1 |)[5-(3—fluoro-
(s, 3H), 4.07-4.24 (br m, 4H),
6.95 (dd, J=8.6, 8.4 Hz, 1H),
ethoxyphenyl)—
21 7.07 (ddd, J=8.5, 2.1, 1.2 Hz,
1—methyl—1 H—
1H), 7.13 (dd, J=11.7, 2.1 Hz,
oyrazolyI]
1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H)
ethylimidazo[5,1
fl[1,2,4]triazine
2.71 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 3H),
olfluoroazetidin 4.09 (s, 3H), 4.07-4.23 (br m,
. l)[5-(5— 4H), 7.06 (dd, J=8.7, 3.0 Hz,
ethoxypyridin-Z- 1H), 7.27-7.29 (m, 1H,
Ex 21;C1
, l)~1-methyl-1H— assumed; partially obscured
oyrazolyI] by solvent peak), 7.66 (s, 1H),
midazo[5,1 7.84 (s, 1H), 8.39 (br d, J=3.0
f][1,2,4]triazine Hz, 1H); 413.5
2.34 (s, 3H), 2.71 (s, 3H),
olfluoroazetidln 4.05-4.22 (v br m, 4H), 4.10 (s,
. |)—7-methyI[1 - 3H), 7.24—7.27 (m, 1H,
Ex 21; C1
ethyl(5— assumed; partially ed b
ethylpyridin-Z— solvent peak), 7.36-7.40 (m,
. |)—1H-pyrazol 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H),
. l]imidazo[5,1- 8.52-8.54 (m, 1H); 397.5
r][1,2,4]triazine
hIorophenyl)
2.67 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H).
ethyl-1 H-
4.06-4.22 (br m, 4H), 7.33 (br
yrazoIyI]—4-
AB quartet, JAB=8.8 Hz,
AVAB=26.4 Hz, 4H), 7.69 (s,
1H), 7.86 (s, 1H); APCI m/z
. . 416.3, 418.4 (M+1)
ethyhmldazo[5,1
f][1,2,4]triazine
iquoroazetidin 2.68 (s, 3H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 3.92
1|)[5-(4- (s, 3H), 4.03—4.24 (br m, 4H),
ethoxyphenyl)- 6.89 (br d, J=8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.25
1-methyl-1H— (br d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.68 (s,
yrazoIyI]—7— 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H); APCI m/z
ethylimidazo[5,1 412.4 (M+1)
fl[1,2,4]triazine
o ifl uoroazetidin-1 -
2.35 (br s, 3H), 2.68 (s, 3H),
‘ | -7—meth) y11-[
3.93 (s, 3H), .25 (br m,
ethyl—5-(4-
4H), 7.19 (br AB quartet, JAB=8
henyl)—1 H—
Hz, AVAB=16 Hz, 4H), 7.68 (s,
oyrazol-4—
1H), 7.83 (s, 1H); 396.1
. azo[5,1-
f][1,2,4]triazine
1H NMR (500 MHz, ,
ethyl-1H- characteristic peaks: 2.64 (s,
oyrazoi-4—yl]—4-(3- 3H), 3.25 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H),
ethoxyazetidin- 7.33 (AB quartet, JAB=8.5 Hz,
1-yl) 2.5 Hz, 4H), 7.66 (s,
ethylimidazo[5,1 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H); 410.6
f][1,2,4]triazine
H NMR (500 MHz, CD013),
-(3-
characteristic peaks: 2.65 (s,
ethoxyazetidin—
3H), 3.25 (s, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H),
1-yl)-5—[5-(4-
3.90 (s, 3H), 4.09-4.12 (m,
phenyl)—
1H), 6.88 (brd, J=8.8 Hz, 2H),
1-methyi-1H—
7.26728 (m, 2H, assumed;
oyrazoIyl]
partially obscured by solvent
ethylimidazo[5,1
peak), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s,
f][1,2,4]triazine
1H); 406.6
1 -(3-
ethoxyazetidin-
Characteristic peaks: 2.34 (s,
1-yl )-7~m ethyl-5—
3H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 3.25 (s, 3H),
1-methyi(4-
3.91 (s, 3H), 7.15—7.24 (m,
ethylphenyi)-1H—
4H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H);
yrazoI
390.6
. I]imidazo[5,1~
f)[1,2,4]triazine
PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
-(3-
ethoxyazetidin-
Characteristic peaks: 2.33 (br
1-yi thyl—5—
s, 3H), 2.69 (s, 3H), 3.22 (s,
1 -methyl—5—(5—
3H), 4.11 (s, 3H), 7.33—7.37
yridin
(m, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s,
1 |)-1H-pyrazoi-4—
1H), 8.51-8.52 (m, 1H); 391.6
i]imidazo[5,1-
f] [1 ,2,4]triazine
henyI)—1 -
Characteristic peaks: 2.64 (s,
ethyl-1H-
3H), 3.25 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H),
yrazoi—4-yi](3-
7.24 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.51 (d,
ethoxyazetidin-
J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (s, 1H),
1-yl)—7-
7.81 (s, 1H); 454.6
ethylimidazo[5,1
f][1,2,4]triazine
-(3-
ethoxyazetidin- Characteristic peaks: 2.65 (s,
1—yl )—7-methyI 3H), 3.26 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H),
1-methyI[4- 4.10—4.13 (m, 1H), 7.52 (br d,
trifl uoromethyl)ph J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.64 (br d, J=8
nyl]-1 H-pyrazol- Hz, 2H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s,
-yl}imidazo[5,1- 1H); 444.6
f][1,2,4]triazine
,7-dimethyi-5—[1 — H NMR (500 MHz, CD013):
ethyl(4- 2.36 (s, 3H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 2.89
ethylphenyI)—1 H- (d, J=5.0 Hz, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H),
l—4- 5.40-5.45 (m, 1H), 7.20 (br AB
1 |]imidazo[5,1- quartet, JAB=8.3 Hz, AvAB=18.3
fl[1,2,4]triazin Hz, 4H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s,
PCT/lB2012/050589
1H);
4-(azetidin-
1H NMR (400 MHz,
-[5—(4-
CD30D): 2.23-2.32 (m, 2H),
hloro
2.56 (s, 3H), 3.6-4.3 (v br m,
luorophenyI)-1—
4H), 3.85 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 3H),
ethyM H-
7.19-7.27 (m, 2H), 7.37 (dd,
lyI]—7-
J=10.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s,
ethylimidazo[5,1
1H), 7.74 (s, 1H); 398.4, 400.4
fl[1,2,4]triazine
-[5-(4-Chloro
1H NMR (400 MHz,
IuorophenyI)
00300): 2.55 (s, 3H), 2.90 (s,
ethyl-1 H-
3H), 3.85 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 3H),
oyrazol-4—yI]-N,7-
7.18-7.25 (m, 2H), 7.35 (dd,
. imethylimidazo[5
J==10, 2 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H),
,1 -21[1 ,2,4]triazin-
7.80 (s, 1H); 372.4
H NMR (400 MHz,
4—(azetidin-1—yl)- 00300): 2.22-2.31 (m, 2H),
-[5—(2—fluoro 2.56 (s, 3H), 3.6-3.9 (v br m,
yphenyl)- 2H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.82 (br s,
1-methyl-1H— 3H), 4.0-4.3 (v br m, 2H), 6.71
pyrazoI-4—yI]—7- (dd, J=8.6, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.82
methylimidazo[5, (dd, J=12.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.09
1—fj[1,2,4]triazine (dd, J=8.6, 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.69
(s, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H); 394.3
-[5-(3-fiuoro 2.63 (s, 3H), 2.97 (d, J=5.0 Hz,
ethoxyphenyl)— 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H),
yl-1H— 5.46-5.51 (m, 1H), 6.96 (dd.
oyrazol-4—yI]-N,7- J=8.7, 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.08-7.15
o imethylimidazo[5 (m, 2H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s,
PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
,1--[f]1 ,,2 zin- );3682
l-amme
2.81 (,s 3H),)2.97(d J=5.,OHz
hlorophenyiH -
3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 5.45-5.51
ethyl-1 H-
(m, 1H), 7.33 (AB quartet,
JAB=8.8 Hz, AVAB=22.4 Hz,
o imethyiimidazo[5
4H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H);
,1—2‘][1,2,4]triazin-
3540
2.19-2.28 (m, 2H), 2.38 (br s,
:5—(3-fluoro
3H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 3.8-4.1 (br
ethylpyridin-Z-
m, 4H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 7.15 (br
. l)—1-methyl-1H—
d, J=10 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H),
yrazolyI]
7.78 (s, 1H), 8.34-8.36 (m,
midazo[5,1
1H); 379.2
f][1,2,4]triazine
2.83 (s, 3H), 2.90 (d, J=5.0 Hz,
ethoxyphenyl)—
3H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 3.92 (s, 3H),
1-methyl-1H—
.42-5.49 (m, 1H), 8.90 (br d,
yrazolyl]—N,7—
J=8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (br d,
o imethylimidazo[5
J=8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1H),
,1-fj[1,2,4]triazin-
7.84 (s, 1H); 350.1
~[5~(3-f|uoro—5—
2.39 (s, 3H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.9
ethylpyridin-Z—
(d, J=5.1 Hz, 3H), 3.95 (s, 3H),
. I)methyl~1H—
.87-5.93 (m, 1H), 7.21 (br d,
l—4-yl]—N,7—
J=10 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H),
o imethylim idazo[5
7.85 (s, 1H), 8.34 (br s, 1H);
,1 -f][1 ,2,4]triazin-
353.1
PCT/132012/050589
idinyI)
-[3-chloro—5-
2.24-2.31 (m, 2H), 2.57 (s,
trlfluoromethyl)py_
3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.95-4.07 (br
’d'1 In—2 ~y”1— -
m, 4H), 7.77 (s, ’IH), 7.78 (s,
ethyl—1H-
1H), 7.92 (br d, J=1 .7 Hz, 1H),
oyrazolyI}
8.89-8.91 (m, 1H); 449.0
ethyllmldazo[5,1_ _
f][1,2,4]triazine
-(azetidinyl)—5-
-[3-fluoro—5—
2.22-2.31 (m, 2H), 2.58 (S,
romethyl)py.
3H), 3.86-4.08 (br m,4H), 4.03
l'd'my|]1~ —
(s, 3H), 7.59 (dd, J=9.0, 1.4
ethyl—1H—
Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s,
oyrazoI-4~yl}
_ . 1H), 8.83 (brs, 1H); 433.1
ethyhmldazo[5,1
r][1,2,4]triazine
-[5-(4-methoxy- H NMR (500 MHz, CDCIg):
-methylphenyl)- 2.03 (s, 3H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 2.99
yI-1H— (d, J=5.0 Hz, 3H), 3.73 (s, 3H),
-[5—(2—fluoro~4- 2.63 (s, 3H), 2.94 (d, J=5.0 Hz,
ethoxyphenyl)— 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.84 (d,
1-methyl-1H— J=1.5 Hz, 3H), 5.44-5.51 (m,
oyrazolyl]-N,7— 1H), 6.64 (dd, J=8.6, 2.5 Hz,
imethylimidazo[5 1H), 6.70 (dd, J=11.9, 2.4 Hz,
,1-f][1,2,4]triazin- 1H), 7.09 (dd, J=8.6, 8.6 Hz,
1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H);
2.63 (s, 3H), 2.98 (d, J=5.0 Hz,
3H), 3.86 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 3H),
3.91 (s, 3H), 5.43-5.49 (m,
1H), 6.71 (ddd, J=8.7, 7.6, 1.8
Hz, 1H), 6.95 (ddd, J=8.8, 7.6,
imethylimidazo[5
2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.85
,1 -f][1 ,2,4]triazin-
(s, 1H); 386.2
,7-dimethyI{1-
ethyl—5-[4—
2.62 (s, 3H), 2.98 (d, J=5.0 Hz,
trifluoromethoxy)
3H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 5.44—5.51
ohenyl]-1 H-
(m, 1H), 7.22-7.26 (m, 2H),
yrazol—4—
7.44 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.71 (s,
1|}imidazo[5,1—
1H), 7.89 (s, 1H); 404.1
fl[1,2,4]triazin
: mine
1H NMR (500 MHz, (30013):
henyl)—1 -
2.63 (s, 3H), 2.97 (d, J=5.1 Hz,
methyl—1H-
3H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 5.46—5.53
pyrazolyI]-N,7-
Ex 7; C14 (m, 1H), 7.09 (dd, J=8.7, 8.6
dimethylimidazo[
Hz, 2H), 7.34 (br dd, J=8.8, 5.3
,1 -
Hz, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s,
fl[1,2,4]triazin
1H); 338.1
amine
4-(azetid in-1 -yl)- H NMR (400 MHz,
—{5—[4— (313300): .33 (m, 2H),
Method
(difluoromethyl)p 2.57 (s, 3H), 3.6-3.9 (v br m,
B; C7
henyl]methyl- 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.94.2 (v br
1H-pyrazolyl}- m, 2H), 6.76 (t, J=56.1 Hz,
W0 20127114222
1H), 7.53 (br AB quartet, JAB=8
methylimidazo[5, Hz, AvAB=32 Hz, 4H), 7.71 (s,
1-f][1,2,4]triazine 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H); 396.5
H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3)C
-(azetidinyl)—5-
2.21-2.30 (m, 2H), 2.35 (s,
‘5—(3—chloro
3H), 2.62 (s, 3H), 3.4—4.3 (v br
ethylphenyI)—1 -
m, 4H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 7.14 (dd,
ethyl-1H—
J=7.8, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d,
i—4~yI]
J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=1.6
ethylimidazo[5,1
Hz, 1H), 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s,
f][1,2,4]triazine
1H); 394.1
-{4-[4-(azetidin-
1-yl)—7-
2.27-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.59 (s,
ethylimidazo[5,1
3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.9—4.1 (br
2‘][1,2,4]triazin
m, 4H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s,
. ethyl-1H—
1H), 7.85-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.99
oyrazolyI}
(br s, 1H); 439.1
trifl uoromethyl)be
zonitrile
2.71 (3, 3H), 3.8—4.0 (br m,
2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 4.0-4.3 (br
1 I)methyl~5-{1-
m, 2H), 5.13—5.33 (m, JHF=57.O
Method ethyl[4-
Hz, 1H), 7.62 (AB quartet,
trifl uoromethyl)ph
JAB=8.1 Hz, 57 Hz,
- nyl]-1H—pyrazol-
4H), 7.70 (8, 1H), 7.86 (8, 1H);
—y|}imidazo[5,1—
GCMS m/Z 431 (M)
fj[1,2,4]triazine
W0 2012l114222
-(3-
luoroazetidin
2.64 (s, 3H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.8
1 !){5-[ -
(br s, 3H), 3.9—4.5 (v br m, 4H),
ethoxy—4-
.11-5.31 (m, JHF=57.3 Hz,
trifl uoromethyl)ph
1H), 7.16 (br s, 1H), 7.18 (br d,
- nyl]-1—methyl-
J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (brd, J=8
1 H-pyrazo!yl}-
Hz, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s,
1H); 462.2
ethylimidazo[5,1
f][1,2,4]triazine
-[5-(2-0hl0ro
methoxyphenyl)- teristic peaks: 2.95 (br
yl—‘l H— s, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s,
pyrazol—4—yl]-4~ 3H), 3.9-4.7 (v br m, 4H), 5.16-
(3-fluoroazetidin- 5.38 (m, JHF=56 Hz, 1H), 6.96-
1-yI) 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.70 (s, 1H),
methylimidazo[5, 8.01 (s, 1H); 428.1
1-fj[1,2,4]triazine
4-(azetidinyl)~
2.21-2.30 (m, 2H), 2.63 (s,
2,3—difluor0
3H), 3.4-4.4 (v br m, 4H), 8.84
(d, J=1.6 Hz, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H),
methoxyphenyl)—
6.68 (ddd, J=8.8, 7.6, 1.8 Hz,
1~methyI-1 H-
1H), 7.02 (ddd, J=8.8, 7.6, 2.3
pyrazoI-4—yl]—7-
Hz, 1H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.77 (s,
methylimidazo[5,
1H); 412.1
1—f][1,2,4]triazine
H NMR (400 MHz,
4-(azetidinyl)— (30300): 2.22—2.32 (m, 2H),
-[5—(2,4- 2.55 (s, 3H), 3.54.4 (v br m,
difluorophenyl)— 4H), 3.84 (d, J=O.8 Hz, 3H),
yI-1H- 6.97 (ddd, J=8.4, 8.4, 2.3 Hz,
pyrazoIyI] 1H), 7.12 (ddd, J=10.4, 9.1,
methylimidazo[5, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.25—7.32 (m, 1H),
1—fl[1,2,4]triazine 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H);
382.2
tidiny!)— 20-229 (m, 2H), 2.60 (s, 3H),
-[5-(2-chloro—4- s .6-4.3 (br m, 4H), 3.78 (s, 3H),
methoxyphenyl )- 4.79 (s, 3H), 6.77 (dd, J=8.6,
1—methyl-1 H- .6 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=2.5 Hz,
pyrazol -4—yI] 1H), 7.39 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H),
methylimidazo[5, .64 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H); APCI
1-1‘][1,2,4]triazine /2 410.3, 412.4 (M+1)
4-(azetidiny|)-
-{5-{2-methoxy- Characteristic peaks: 2.28-
4- 2.48 (br m, 2H), 2.88 (s, 3H),
(trifluoromethyl)p 3.75 (s, 3H), 3.83-3.93 (br m,
—1-methy!- 2H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 4.47-4.55
1H—pyrazolyl}- (m, 2H), 7.18 (br s, 1H), 7.37
7- (br d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (s,
methylimidazo[5, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H); 444.1
1—fl[1,2,4]triazine
2—{4~[4—(azetidin- 2.26-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.60 (s,
1 -y|) 3H), 3.84—4.20 (br m, 4H), 3.89
methylimidazo[5, (s, 3H), 7.58 (br s, 2H), 7.70-
1-1‘][1 ,2,4]triazin- 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.80 (s, 1H);
-yl]methyl- 405.1
W0 2012f114222 PCT/132012/050589
1 H-pyrazolyl}-
chlorobenzonitril
2—{1-methyl{7-
methyl-4—
2.54 (s, 3H), 3.07 (d, J=5.0 Hz,
(methylaminoflmi
3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 5.56-5.62
dazo[5,1-
(m, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.82 (br
f][1,2,4]triazin—5-
d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H),
yl]-1H—pyrazo|—5-
7.92 (br dd, J=8.2, 1.3 Hz, 1H),
yl}
7.95 (br s, 1H); 413.1
(trifluoromethyl)b
enzonitrile
4—(azetidinyl)—
2.20—2.29 (m, 2H), 2.62 (s,
-[5-(4—
3H), 3.4-4.3 (v br m, 4H), 3.89
fluorophenyl)-1 -
(s, 3H), 7.06 (dd, J=8.7, 8.7
methyl-1H-
Hz, 2H), 7.36 (br dd, J=8.7, 5.3
pyrazolyI]—7-
Hz, 2H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s,
methylimidazoIS,
1H); 364.1
1-fl[1,2,4]triazine
2—{4-[4-(azetidin-
1—yI) .35 (m, 2H), 2.39 (s,
imidazo[5, 3H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 37-42 (v br
1—f][1,2,4]triazin— m, 4H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 7.36 (br
-yI]methyl- dd, J=8, 1 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d,
1 zol-S-yl}- :30 Hz, 1H), 7.52—7.54 (m,
- 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H);
methylbenzonitril 385.2
W0 201211 14222
4-(azetidinyl)-
2.14-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.69 (s,
-{5-[5-
3H), 3.4-3.8 (br m, 2H), 3.8-4.3
(difluoromethyl)p
(br m, 2H), 4.16 (s, 3H), 6.71
yridin-Z-yl]
(t, J=55.8 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (br d,
methyl—1H-
J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.71
pyrazol-4~yI}
(br d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (s,
methylimidazo[5,
1H), 8.83 (br s, 1H); 3972
1-f][1,2,4]triazine
1-(6-{4—[4- 2.15—2.24 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s,
(azetidin-1~yl)—7- 3H), 2.69 (s, 3H), 3.4-3.8 (v br
methylimidazo[5, m, 2H), 3 (v br m, 2H),
1-fl[1,2,4]triazin- 4.18 (8, 3H), 7.51 (d, J=8.2 Hz,
—yl]—1—methyl— 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H),
1 zol—S- 8.05 (dd, J=8.3, 2.3 Hz, 1H),
idin 9.22 (br d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H);
y|)ethanone 389.3
—[5-(5-
2.68 (s, 3H), 2.92 (d, J=5.0
chloropyridin-Z—
Hz, 3H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 5.46—
yl)methy|~1 H-
.52 (m, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J=8.4,
pyrazol-4—yl]-N,7—
0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J=8.4,
dimethylimidazo[
2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (S, 1H), 7.89
,1 —
(s, 1H), 8.66 (dd, J=2.5, 0.7
m1 ,2,4]triazin-4~
Hz, 1H); 355.1
amine
-Chloro-2~{1- 2.56 (s, 3H), 3.05 (d, J=5.0 Hz,
methyl—4-[7— 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 5.54-5.60
methyl (m, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=8.4 Hz,
(methylaminoflmi 1H), 7.63 (dd, J=8.4, 2.2 Hz,
dazo[5,1- 1H), 7.68 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H),
fl[1 ,2,4]triazin 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H);
yl]—1 H—pyrazoI 379.1
yl}benzonitrile
4—(azetidinyl)—
-[5—(4- .28 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s,
bromophenyl)—1 - 3H), 31-43 (v br m, 4H), 3.88
methyl-1H- (s, 3H), 7.25 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H),
pyrazol-4—yI] 7.49 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.62 (s,
methylimidazo[5, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H); 426.1
1-f][1,2,4]triazine
4-(azetidin—1—yl)-
—{5—[4— 2.19-2.28 (m, 2H), 2.62 (s,
(d ifluoromethoxy 3H), 3.3—4.4 (v br m, 4H), 3.89
phenyl]—1—methyl (s, 3H), 6.51 (t, J=73.4 Hz,
1H—pyrazol-4—yl}- 1H), 7.11 (br d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H),
7- 7.39 (br d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.62
imidazo[5, (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H); 412.2
1-1‘][1,2,4]triazine
4-(azetidinyl)—
7—methyI—5—{1 -
2.18-2.27 (m, 2H), 2.68 (s,
methyl—5-[5—
3H), 3.4-4.2 (v br m, 4H), 4.21
(trifluoromethyl)
(s, 3H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.85 (s,
n-Z—yIJ-
1H), 8.92 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H),
1 H-pyrazol-4—
9.00 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H); 416.2
y|}imidazo[5,1-
f][1,2,4]triazine
4—(azetidinyl)- 2.18—2.26 (m, 2H), 2.70 (s,
7—methyI—5-[1 — 3H), 3.3—4.3 (v br m, 4H), 4.21
methyl-5(5— (s, 3H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.71 (dd,
nitropyridin-Z- J=8.8, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (s,
yI)-1 H-pyrazol— 1H), 8.34 (dd, J=8.7, 2.7 Hz,
W0 2012“14222 2012/050589
4- 1H), 9.50 (dd, J=2.6, 0.7 Hz,
yl]imidazo[5,1_ 1H); 392.2
fJ[1,2,4]triazine
—{5-[4_
(d ifl uoromethox
y)phenyl]—1 _ 2.66 (s, 6H), 3.75 (s, 3H),
methyl-1 H. 3.85 (s, 3H), 4.46 (br s, 2H),
pyrazol-4—yl}-N_ 6.51 (t, J=73.4 Hz, 1H), 6.78
(4- (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 6.97 (d,
methoxybenzyl) J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.08 (d, J=8.6
-N]- Hz, 2H), 7.26 (d, J=8.6 Hz,
dimethylimidazo 2H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s,
[5,1- 1H); 506.4
fl[1.2,4]triazin-4_
amine
-[5-(4-
bromopheny|)_
1—methyl-1H— 2.67 (s, 6H), 3.78 (s, 3H),
pyrazol-4—yl]-N. 3.86 (s, 3H), 4.48 (s, 2H),
(4- 6.80 (d, J=7 Hz, 2H), 6.98 (d,
methoxybenzyl) J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.14 (d, J=7 Hz,
-N,7- 2H), 7.47 (d, J=7 Hz, 2H),
dimethylimidazo 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H);
[5,1 — 520.2
’7“ ,2,4]triazin-4—
amine
PCT/IBZOI2/050589
514-
bromophenyl)-
2.60 (s, 3H), 2.95 (d, J=4.9
1-methyI-1H-
Hz, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 5.42-
pyrazoI—4-y|]_
.50 (m, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=8.3
N,7-
Hz, 2H), 7.51 (d, J=8.3 Hz,
dimethylimidazo
2H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s,
[5,1 -
1H); 400.1
f][1,2,4]triazin
amine
-{5-{4_
(difluoromethox
2.61 (s, 3H), 2.96 (d, J=5.0
yl]-1_
Hz, 3H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 5.43-
—1 H—
.50 (s, 1H), 6.53 (1, J=73.4
pyrazol-4—yl}-
Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=8.5 Hz,
N,7-
2H), 7.38 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H),
dimethylimidazo
7.70 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H);
[5,1-
386.2
’1“ ,2,4]triazin-4—
amine
4-(azetidiny|)-
1.96 (t, J=18.2 Hz, 3H), 2.16-
-{5-[5-(1 ,1-
2.25 (m, 2H), 2.69 (s, 3H),
difluoroethyl)pyr
3.4-3.9 (br m, 2H), 3.9-4.3 (br
idin-Z-yl]-1_
m, 2H), 4.16 (s, 3H), 7.54 (d,
methyl-1 H-
J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H),
pyrazoly1}
7.69 (br d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H),
methylimidazo[5
7.81 (s, 1H), 8.83-8.85 (m,
1H); 411.2
f][1,2,4]triazine
-methyI{1-
methyl[7- 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 3H),
methyl 3.04 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 3H), 3.86
(methylamino)i (s, 3H), 5.55—5.61 (m, 1H),
[5,1- 7.44 (br s, 2H), 7.51 (br s,
f][1,2,4]triazin 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.87 (s,
y|]~1 H—pyrazol— 1H); 359.1
-y1}benzonitrile
tidinyl)—
2.16—2.25 (m, 2H), 2.69 (s,
-[5-(5-
3H), 3.4—3.8 (v br m, 2H), 3.8-
bromopyridin—Z—
4.3 (v br m, 2H), 4.12 (s, 3H),
Footnote yl)methyl-1H—
7.35 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.64
12; Ex 70 pyrazol—4—yl]—7-
(s, 1H), 7.69 (dd, J==8.4, 2.3
methylimidazo[5
Hz, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 8.75 (d,
J=2.3 Hz, 1H); 427.2
f][1,2,4]triazine
N,7-dimethyI—5-
{1 -methyl—5-[5-
2.66 (s, 3H), 3.02 (d, J=5.0
(trifluoromethyl)
Hz, 3H), 4.23 (s, 3H), 5.48-
pyrazin-Z-yl]~
.54 (m, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H),
1 H-pyrazol—4-
7.94 (s, 1H), 8.99—9.01 (m,
yl}imidazo[5,1-
2H); 390.1
f][1,2,4]triazin-4—
amine
N, N,7—trimethyl—
-{1-methyl
2.3415; 402.3
oromethyl)
phenyI]-1 H-
pyrazol
W0 2012/1 14222
yl}imidazo[5,1-
2,4]triazin
amine,
trifluoroacetate
salt
4-(3-
fiuoroazetidin—1 ~
yl)methyI
hyl[2-
methyl
2.6115; 446.3
(trifluoromethyl)
phenyl]—1 H—
pyrazol—4—
yl}imidazo[5,1—
f][1,2,4]triazine
4-(3-
fluoroazetidin-1 -
yl){5-[2-
fluoro—4-
(trifluoromethyl)
phenyl]
methyl—1H~ 2.5315; 450.3
pyrazol-4—y|}
methylimidazo[5
f][1,2,4]triazine,
trifluoroacetate
salt
WO 14222 PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
methyl
[1-(7-methyl
{1-methyl[5-
(trifluoromethyl)
n-Z-yl]-1H.
pyrazol
2.1415; 488.3
y|}lmidazo[5,1-
f1“ 2,4]triazin-4—
y|)azetidin
yI]carbamate,
trifluoroacetate
salt
methyl [1_(7_
methyl{1_
1H NMR (400 MHz,
methyl[4-
c0300): 2.57 (s, 3H), 3.4—4.3
(trifluoromethyl)
(v br m, 4H), 3.33 (s, 3H),
phenyI]-1H.
3.94 (s, 3H), 4.29-4.39 (m,
pyrazoI
1H), 7.59 (br d, J=8 Hz, 2H),
y|}lmidazo[5,1_
7.70 (br d, J=8 Hz, 2H), 7.71
fl“ ,2,4]triazin
(s, 1H) 7.75 (s, 1H); 487.2
yl)azetidin
yHcarbamate
methyl (1—{7-
methyl—5-“-
methyl(4_
methylpheny))_
2.0515; 433.4
1 H—pyrazoI
dazo[5,1_
fl[1,2,4]triazin
y|}azetidin
yDcarbamate,
trifluoroacetate
salt
methyl (1 —{5_[5_
phenyl)
methyl-1 H-
pyrazol-4—y|]
methylimidazo[5
2.1615; 453.3, 455.3
fl“ ,2,4]trlazin—4-
yl}azetidin
yl)carbamate,
trifluoroacetate
salt
tidin-‘l -y|)-
-[5~(4-
chlorophenyl)—1 —
-1H— 2.2115; 366.0, 368.0
pyrazol
yl]imidazol5,1-
fl[1,2,4]triazine
1. Palladium(ll) acetate was used instead of allylpalladium(ll) chloride dimer.
2. In this case, tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dlpalladium(0) and tricyclohexylphosphine
were used in place of tetrakis(triphenylphosphinelpalladium(0), and the on
was carried out in aqueous 1,4-dioxane.
3. The intermediate 5-[5-(2—fluoromethoxyphenyl)methyl-1H-pyrazolyl]-7~
methylimidazo[5,1-l][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-one was converted to 4-chloro[5-(2—
fluorometh0xyphenyl)—1-methyI-1 H—pyrazolyl]—7-methylimidazo[5,1 -
W0 2012!] 14222 PCT/132012/050589
f][1,2,4]triazine with phosphorus oxychloride; reaction with azetidine ing to
the l procedure for preparation of C2 in Example 4 provided the product.
. C1 was converted to N,7-dimethyl(1-methyl—1H—pyrazolyl)imidazo[5,1-
f][1,2,4]triazin-4—amine using the general procedure for preparation of C4 in
Example 3. Reaction with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide and di—tert—butyl
onate provided tert-butyl methyl[7-methyi-5—(1~methyl-1H—pyrazol—4—
yl)imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazinyl]carbamate, which was converted to the product
ing to the procedures of Example 7.
. Copper(l) chloride (1 equivalent) and potassium bromide (1 equivalent) were
1O added to the Suzuki reaction, which was carried out in 1,2-dimethoxyethane.
. in this case, the reaction was carried out with a 4,4,5,5—tetramethyl—1,3,2—
dioxaborolan~2~yl derivative, rather than a boronic acid.
. This preparation employed 5-chloro—2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyi-1,3,2—dioxaborolan~2-
yi)benzonitrile, which was prepared from 2-bromochlorobenzonitrile using the
general method for preparation of C5 in Example 6.
. The requisite aryl bromide was prepared from 2-bromomethylbenzoic acid by
conversion of the carboxylic acid to a cyano group.
. The requisite l bromide was ed from 6—bromonicotinaldehyde by
treatment with ylamino)sulfur trifluoride.
10. The synthesis was carried out with 2-bromo—5—(2—methyl—1,3—dioxolan-2—
yl)pyridine, which can be prepared as described by M. Hatanaka etat, .
Med. Chem. 2005, 13, 6763-6770
11. This preparation employed 5-methyl-2—(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan—2-
yi)benzonitrile, which was prepared from 2-bromomethylbenzonitrile using the
general method for ation of C5 in Example 6.
12. The nd of Example 70 was hydrogenated over palladium on carbon, and
the resulting aniline was subjected to a Sandmeyer reaction using tert—butyl nitrite
and copper(ll) bromide.
13. 1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin—3-amine was reacted with methyl chloroformate,
followed by hydrogenation over palladium hydroxide, to afford the requisite amine
reagent.
14. The final compound was purified using one of the following methods: a)
Reversed-phase HPLC; Column: Waters Sunfire C18, 19x100 mm, 5 pm; Mobile
phase A: 0.05% oroacetic acid in water (v/v); Mobile phase B:
0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile (v/v); Gradient: 5% to 100% B; b)
Reversed—phase HPLC; Column: Waters e C18, 19x100 mm, 5 pm;
Mobile phase A: 0.03% ammonium hydroxide in water (v/v); Mobile phase B:
0.03% ammonium hydroxide in itrile (v/v); Gradient: 15% to 100% B.
. HPLC ions: Column: Waters Atlantis dC18, 4.6x50 mm, 5 pm; Mobile
phase A: 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in water (v/v); Mobile phase B:
0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile (v/v); Gradient: linear, 5% to 95% B over
4.0 minutes; Flow rate: 2 mL/minute.
PDE2-A3 ICso; PDE2-A3 ICSO;
Geometric Geometric
mean of 2-5 mean of 2~5
determinations, determinations,
unless unless
otherwise otherwise
ted((nM) indicated (nM)
W0 14222
W0 2012/114222 PCT/IBZOIZ/050589
a) Single determination
b) Value represents the ric mean of 6-13 leo determinations
Biological Assays and Data
The compounds of Formula | (and Formulae la-lx) are useful for modulating or
inhibiting PDE2 activity. Certain compounds of the invention are selective modulators
or inhibitors of PDE2 as compared to other PDE receptor subtypes. Accordingly, these
1O compounds of the invention are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of a disease
or condition of the central nervous system such as ive disorders, schizophrenia,
and ia in a mammal, preferably a human.
The term “inhibiting PDE 2", as used herein, means the prevention of or
therapeutically significant reduction in PDE2 activity. One of ordinary skill in the art is
readily able to determine whether a compound inhibits PDE2 activity. For example,
assays which may iently be used in order to assess the PDE2 inhibition may be
found in US. Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0154931 (USSN 11/326,221)
published on July 13, 2006, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. In general,
a substance is considered to effectively inhibit PDE2 activity if it has an |C5o of less than
or about 10 pM, preferably less than or about 0.1 pM.
A “selective PDE2 tor” can be identified, for example, by ing the
ability of a substance to inhibit PDE2 activity to its ability to t PDE enzymes from
the other PDE families. For example, a substance may be d for its ability to
W0 2012/1 14222 PCT/IBZOlZ/050589
inhibit PDE2 ty, as well as PDE1A, PDEiB, PDE1C, PDE3A, PDE3B, PDE4A,
PDE4B, PDE4C, PDE4D, PDE5, PDE6, PDE7, PDE8, PDE9, PDE‘lO and PDEli
activities. In one embodiment, a selective PDE2 inhibitor is a compound of the
invention having a K for inhibition of PDE2 that is less than or about one-tenth the K
that the substance has for inhibition of any other PDE enzyme. In other words, the
compound inhibits PDE2 ty to the same degree at a concentration of about one-
tenth or less than the concentration required for tion of any other PDE enzyme.
Measurement of Recombinant Human PDE2A3 inhibition by SPA Technology
in the present assay, the activity of the test substances on human full-length
PDE2A3 enzyme was determined using the [3H]-cGMP scintillation proximity assay
(SPA) modified from the Amersham TRKQ7100 instructions (GE Healthcare, USA).
PDE2A3 protein was obtained from FLAG cation of sz1 insect cells using standard
affinity purification procedures for this tag FLAG M2, Sigma Aldrich). Briefly, the
SPA assays were performed using PDE SPA m silicate beads (Perkin Elmer
RPNQOOZ4) which bind preferentially to the linear tide, GMP, compared to the
cyclic nucleotide, cGMP. The, 3H-GMP product was detected using a Wallac MicroBeta
scintillation counter. The reaction time was chosen with respect to the amount of time in
which 10-20% of substrate was hydrolyzed by the enzyme.
The assay was validated using PDE2-selective literature compounds, erythro
(2-hydroxy—3—nonyl) adenine (EHNA ) and BAY 60-7550 as controls before g the
representative compounds of the t invention (Podzuweit et al., lsozyme selective
tion of cGMP-stimu/ated cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesz‘erases by erythro-Q-(Z-
hydroxy—B-nonyl) adenine, Cell Signal, 33-—8, 1995, Boess et al., Inhibition of
phosphodiesterase 2 increases neuronal cGMP, synaptic plasticity and memory
performance, Neuropharmacology, 47(7):1081-92, 2004). The [050 values obtained
were within 3X of literature values, 1.7 pM for EHNA and 4.66 uM for BAY 60-7550.
The corresponding |Cso values of the compounds for the inhibition of PDE activities are
determined from the concentration-effect curves by means of non-linear regression.
Claims (1)
1. A compound of the Formula I R2 A__R5 K /N N \(/ 5 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt f, wherein: “-A-R5” is R48 R4 R4a—N / Ol‘ %/ R5 3 A1 R5 A2R5 A3R5 R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-Ce)a|kyl, 10 )alkenyl, (Cg-Ce)alkynyl, (Cs-C15)Cycloalkyl, -(C1-Cs)alkyI-OH, -(C1—C5)alkyI-CN, — SF5, ~CF3, -CHF2, and -CH2F; R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of —(Cq-Ce)alkyl-R9, - NHR3, -N(R3)2, -O-(C1-Ce)alkyl-R9, -OR8, (Cg-C15)cycloalkyl, (Ce-C1o)aryl, (3- to 14- membered)heterocyclic, and (5- to 14—membered)heteroaryl; wherein said 15 (Cg-C15)Cycloalkyl and (3- to 14-membered)heterocyclic may optionally contain one double bond and one to two oxo (0:) groups; and wherein said —(C1—Ce)alkyl—R9, - NHR3, 2, -O-(C1-Ce)alkyl-R9, -OR8, (Cg-C15)cycloalkyl, (C6-C1o)aryl, (3- to 14- membered)heterocyclic, or (5— to 14-membered)heteroaryl moieties may be optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group 20 consisting of (C1-C5)alkyl, (C1—Cs)alkoxy, halo, and -CF3; each R3 is independently selected from the group ting of s)alkyl- -(C2-Ca)alkenyl-R9, -(Cg-Ce)alkynyl-R9, and -(C3-C15)cycloalkyl-R9, or when R2 is -N(R3)2 both of said R3 may be taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a 4— to 6-membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two oxo groups (0:) and optionally substituted with one to three substituents ndently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluoro, -CN, —CF3, —CHF2, -CH2F, -OH, —O-(Cq-Cs)alkyl, NH2, —NH-(C1—Ce)alkyl, -N[(C1-Cs)alkyl]2, (C1-Ce)alkyl, (Cg—Cs)alkenyl, (CZ-Ce)alkynyl, —(C=O)—R8, -(C=O)-OR8, —(C=O)—N(R8)2, -O-(C=O)— R8, -OR8, -O-(C=O)-OR8, -SR8, —S(O)R8, -S(O)2R8, N(R8)2, -NH-(C=O)- R8, -NH—(C=O)—OR8, —O—(C=O)—N(R8)2, -NH-(C=O)—N(R8)2, -N[(C1-Ce)alkyl](C=O)- R8, -N[(C1-Ce)alkyl](C=O)-OR8, -N[(C1-C6)alkyl](C=O)-N(R8)2, (Cs-C15)Cycloalkyl, o)aryl, (3- to 14-membered)heterocyclic and (5— to 14-membered)heteroaryl; 1O wherein said (C3-C15)Cycloalkyl and (3- to 14-membered)heterocyclic may optionally contain one double ortriple bond and one to two oxo (0:) groups; each R4 is ndently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, (C1-Ce)alkyl, (Cg—Ce)alkenyl, )alkynyl, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, and 5)CYCl08lkyl; each R43 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1— 15 Ca)alkyl, (Cg-C4)alkenyl, (Cg-C4)alkynyl, —CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, and (Cg-C15)Cycloalkyl; R5 is: (R7)n (R7)n —l— Nzl- R5a R5b (R7)n (R7)n _‘:N N:‘
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161445617P | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | |
US61/445,617 | 2011-02-23 | ||
PCT/IB2012/050589 WO2012114222A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-09 | IMIDAZO[5,1-f][1,2,4]TRIAZINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ613373A NZ613373A (en) | 2015-04-24 |
NZ613373B2 true NZ613373B2 (en) | 2015-07-28 |
Family
ID=
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU2012221828B2 (en) | Imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazines for treatment of neurological disorders | |
CA2836851C (en) | Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine compounds and their use as pde2 inhibitors and/or cyp3a4 inhibitors | |
AU2012221828A1 (en) | Imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazines for treatment of neurological disorders | |
US7176203B2 (en) | Imidazo-triazine derivatives as ligands for gaba receptors | |
TWI796353B (en) | Pyruvate kinase modulators and use thereof | |
ES2271221T3 (en) | IMIDAZO-PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS LIGANDOS FOR GABA RECEPTORS. | |
EP2464641B1 (en) | Pyrimidine compounds as tuberculosis inhibitors | |
CA3022793A1 (en) | Aromatic sulfonamide derivatives | |
EP3157920A1 (en) | Indolizine derivatives as phoshoinositide 3-kinases inhibitors | |
AU2002241139A1 (en) | Imidazo-pyrimidine derivatives as ligands for GABA receptors | |
US7381725B2 (en) | Pyridazine derivatives as ligands for GABA receptors | |
NZ613373B2 (en) | IMIDAZO[5,1-f][1,2,4]TRIAZINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS |