NZ608994B - Ventilator - Google Patents
VentilatorInfo
- Publication number
- NZ608994B NZ608994B NZ608994A NZ60899413A NZ608994B NZ 608994 B NZ608994 B NZ 608994B NZ 608994 A NZ608994 A NZ 608994A NZ 60899413 A NZ60899413 A NZ 60899413A NZ 608994 B NZ608994 B NZ 608994B
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- ventilator
- motor
- air
- stator
- cable
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
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- -1 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
ventilator and ventilator system is disclosed. The ventilator (10) comprises a motor-driven rotor (12), and a stator (20) for mounting to the structure. The rotor is rotatably mounted to the stator. The ventilator also comprises an annular support framework (36) that extends up and away from an upper periphery of the stator. The annular support framework comprises a plurality of air passageways (34) arranged so as to enable the air to flow through the ventilator. The ventilator also comprises a cover (30) that is supported on the annular support framework. The cover can provide the ventilator with the ability to allow sunlight into an enclosed space within the structure. per periphery of the stator. The annular support framework comprises a plurality of air passageways (34) arranged so as to enable the air to flow through the ventilator. The ventilator also comprises a cover (30) that is supported on the annular support framework. The cover can provide the ventilator with the ability to allow sunlight into an enclosed space within the structure.
Description
Patents Form No: 5
NEW ZEALAND
Patents Act 1953
Complete Specification
Title of invention: VENTILATOR
We, CSR Building Products Limited
Triniti 3,
of 39 Delhi Road
NORTH RYDE NSW 2113
AUSTRALIA
hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the
method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement:
(followed by page 2)
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
VENTILATOR
Technical Field
A ventilator is disclosed for use in enclosed (e.g. roof) space ventilation. The
ventilator may take the form of an axial-flow fan ventilator, and may facilitate roof
space cooling, and may also reduce moisture and/or condensation in the roof space. A
system employing the ventilator is also disclosed.
Background Art
Ventilators can be employed to evacuate air and other gases from enclosed
spaces. Such enclosed spaces can include the roof space or interior of commercial and
domestic buildings, shipping containers, portable buildings and sheds, ships etc. The air
and other gases evacuated can include warm or heated gases, moist gases, gas
containing contaminants such as contaminated air or toxic fumes, stale gases (especially
air) etc.
A particular issue in domestic and commercial roof spaces can be the build-up
of moisture therein, as a result of rising moisture from the underlying building, as well
as rain and water ingress. At night, the air in the roof pace can cool and the moisture
condenses, leading to damp, mould, fungal and associated moisture issues in the roof
space. Accordingly, automatic as well as selective ventilation of the roof space can be
desirable.
Combined ventilators and skylights, are disclosed in US 3396652 and
GB880217. However, they are both quite bulky and cover a relatively large expanse of
the roofline.
Ventilators may be wind-driven and/or motor-driven. In a wind- and/or motor-
driven rotor ventilator a rotor component can be provided that has a plurality of vanes
or blades. In wind-driven rotor ventilators the vanes can be oriented in use to capture
ambient wind to drive (rotate) the ventilator rotor, thereby causing air to be evacuated
from the enclosed space (air adjacent to the vanes is forced outwardly by the rotating
vanes, and this air is in turn replaced by air from the enclosed space). In motor-driven
rotor ventilators the rotor blades can be oriented in use to pump air from the enclosed
space and through the ventilator.
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
The above references to the background art do not constitute an admission that
the art forms a part of the common general knowledge of a person of ordinary skill in
the art. The above references are also not intended to limit the application of the
ventilator as disclosed herein.
Summary of Disclosure
Disclosed herein is a ventilator. The ventilator can find particular, though not
exclusive, application in the ventilation of enclosed spaces (e.g. roof spaces in buildings
and warehouses in residential and commercial contexts, and enclosed spaces in portable
structures such as sheds, houses or ships), and reference herein to a ‘roof-mounted
ventilator’ is intended to encompass such enclosed spaces. The ventilator may take the
form of an axial-flow fan ventilator. The ventilator may facilitate roof space cooling,
and may also reduce moisture and/or condensation in the enclosed space.
In accordance with the disclosure the ventilator comprises a motor-driven
rotor. The rotor comprises one or more air-motive elements (e.g. fan blades or
ventilator vanes). When the rotor rotates in use the air-motive element(s) can cause air
within the structure to flow through the ventilator (e.g. pump air out of, or suck air into
an enclosed space within the structure).
The ventilator also comprises a stator for mounting to the structure. The rotor
is rotatably mounted to the stator (e.g. indirectly via a motor).
The ventilator also comprises an annular support framework that extends up
and away from an upper periphery of the stator. The annular support framework
comprises a plurality of air passageways arranged so as to enable the air to flow through
the ventilator.
The ventilator also comprises a cover formed from a material which is
transmissive to light. The cover is configured so as to transmit light into the structure
when the stator is mounted thereto. The cover is supported on the annular support
framework. The cover can provide the ventilator with the ability to allow sunlight into
an enclosed space within the structure (e.g. to provide for natural lighting in that space).
The transmission of light can also assist in the drying of damp or condensation within
the enclosed space to reduce rot and mould. In addition, the transmission of light can
reduce infestation risk from pests that require dark environments to breed or thrive.
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
In addition, when the ventilator is installed on a roof line, etc, the use of a
transparent (e.g. clear) cover can result in the perceived height of the ventilator being
reduced, thereby improving the aesthetic appearance of the ventilator in use. Also, from
a manufacturing perspective, use of a transparent (e.g. clear) cover means that the cover
need not be manufactured in different solid colours to match other parts of the
ventilator. Further, as the cover is supported on the annular support framework, and
thus extends beyond the stator (or so called ‘throat’), the cover provides a larger light
intake, or collection, area. This can increase the amount of light that is introduced into
the structure when compared to known skylight ventilators, without the need for a bulky
ventilator and increased throat size. This support framework may also function to both
space and support the cover with respect to the stator. Thus, the support framework can
allow for air flow as well as supporting and e.g. prominently positioning the cover of
the ventilator.
In one embodiment the cover may be formed from a transparent material (e.g. a
clear plastic material such as a polycarbonate, an acrylate polymer, etc).
In one embodiment the ventilator may be configured such that light is able to
be transmitted into the structure between the rotor and the stator (e.g. there may be an
increased extent of light passages/pathways between blades/vanes of the rotor and the
stator).
In one embodiment the cover may be arranged so as to receive thereagainst the
air flowing through the ventilator in a first general direction. The configuration of the
cover may be such as to cause the air flow to change from the first to a second general
direction. For example, the cover may have a configuration that facilitates or assists air
flow directional change. In this regard, the cover may have a concave profile at its
underside.
The shape and profile of the cover may be such that it is centred on a central
axis of the ventilator. In this case, the air flow in the first general direction through the
ventilator may generally be aligned with the central axis. Further, the air flow in the
second general direction may generally be laterally away with respect to the central
axis. For example, the cover may be dome-shaped. Further, a central axis of the dome
may be aligned with the ventilator central axis.
In one embodiment the air passageways may be arranged at the rotor exhaust
side and under the cover so as to enable the air flowing in the second general direction
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
to pass out of the ventilator. When the cover is convex in profile (e.g. dome-shaped),
the cover underside may extend out and down in-use to the one or more outlets.
Reference herein to “exhaust side” is intended to indicate a normal mode of
ventilator operation, wherein the ventilator is configured to exhaust (or pump out) air
from within the enclosed space of the structure. However, as will be described
hereafter, the mode of operation of the ventilator can be reversed (or “inverted”),
whereby the outlets may then become air inlets, and whereby the ventilator may then be
configured to pump air into the enclosed space of the structure.
In one embodiment the stator may further comprise a housing for the rotor.
The stator housing may, for example, have a generally cylindrical form. The stator
housing may extend up from a base (e.g. having the form of a plate or flashing that can
be secured to the structure, such as to a roof panel).
In one embodiment the annular support framework may comprise a series of
discretely spaced radial struts that extend up to the cover underside from the stator
upper periphery. These struts may extend radially from and around the ventilator
central axis. The struts may be spaced whereby the air passageways take an elongate
form, with the air passageways then extending between adjacent struts.
In one embodiment a series of discretely spaced and generally parallel elongate
louvres may extend between adjacent struts. Thus, each elongate air passageway may
be defined between (i.e. be bounded by) adjacent louvres and adjacent struts.
In one embodiment each louvre may be provided with an aerodynamic profile.
The profile may in use be oriented so as to better facilitate the flow of air the ventilator.
In one form, their profile may be such that exhausting of air from within the structure is
facilitated. In an alternative form, their profile may be such that the intake of air into
the structure is facilitated.
In one embodiment each louvre may comprise leading and trailing edges
extending therealong. Each such edge may be defined by opposed curved radii. These
can improve the flow of air across each louvre (i.e. whether leaving or entering the
ventilator). For example, the louvres may be oriented parallel with the oncoming air
flow, which can reduce their frontal area and thus resistance to the flow. This in turn
can reduce flow losses. Furthermore by curving the shape of the louvres this helps to
guide and distribute the air flow (e.g. to exhaust) to further reduce losses.
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
In one embodiment the (or each) air-motive element may comprise a blade of
the rotor, and each blade can be configured to pump air through the ventilator. It is
conceivable that the rotor and ventilator can be designed whereby the rotor may solely
or additionally be wind-driven, in which case each air-motive element may comprise a
vane of the rotor.
In one embodiment the ventilator may further comprise a motor housing. The
motor housing may enable the motor to be internally mounted with respect to the stator.
In this regard, a base of the motor may be fixedly mountable to the motor housing.
In one embodiment the motor housing may be configured such that it is able to
be inverted and re-mounted in the stator. Thus, the orientation of the rotor can be
inverted. This enables the direction of air flow through the ventilator to be reversed.
Thus, instead of the ventilator performing an exhaust function (i.e. removing air from
the enclosed space of the structure), it may perform an aeration function (i.e. to
ventilate, or draw fresh air into (i.e. from outside of the structure), the enclosed space of
the structure).
In one embodiment the stator, or a housing of the stator, may comprise a
number of internally located discrete mounts. In addition, the motor housing may
comprise a number of corresponding discrete mounts at respective lower and upper
peripheral edges of the motor housing. Thus, in one mode of use, the corresponding
mounts at the lower peripheral edge of the motor housing can engage with the stator-
mounts in one orientation of the motor housing within the stator. In another mode of
use, the corresponding mounts at the upper peripheral edge of the motor housing can
engage with the stator-mounts in an inverted orientation of the motor housing within the
stator.
In one embodiment the stator-mounts may comprise a spaced series of
upstanding pins (or screws or bolts) located internally of the stator. The motor housing-
mounts may then comprise a corresponding spaced series of pin-receipt sleeves (or
screw- or bolt-bosses) located externally on and around the motor housing (i.e. the
sleeves may receive the respective pins therein).
In one embodiment, a base of the motor is able to be fixedly mounted to the
motor housing.
In one embodiment, the motor for the rotor is an electric motor that may be
mounted with respect to the stator by at least one support arm. A channel for an electric
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
cable to connect to the motor can be provided in a given support arm. Thus, the support
arm can provide both for support and for the feed of electrical power to the motor.
In one embodiment a base of the motor may be mounted to the motor housing
by the at least one support arm (e.g. by multiple, discretely spaced, radially extending
support arms, one of which is the given support arm with channel therein). The support
arms can be spaced radially around a central axis of the ventilator, extending between
the motor housing and a base of the motor (i.e. to fix and support the base in use).
In one embodiment the channel may align with an opening in the motor
housing. Further, the ventilator may be configured such that the electric cable can
extend through the opening in the motor housing and then through a space between the
motor housing and the stator (e.g. in a groove in the motor housing). Thus, the cable
may then lead out of the ventilator to a controller or power source.
The configuration of the channel in the given support arm can also be such that
the motor housing can be inverted and re-mounted without interfering with the electrical
cable.
The motor-driven roof-mounted ventilator disclosed above may further
comprise a cable for connecting the motor to a power supply. The cable may
additionally comprise a control unit for controlling the motor. The cable may
additionally comprise a sensor for automatic adjustment of the control unit. The cable
may be in the form of three distinct portions. The first cable portion may be connected
to the motor at one end thereof and the second end may be adapted for connection to an
end of the second cable portion. The second cable portion may comprise a first
connection end for connection to the second end of the first cable portion and a second
connection end. The third cable portion may comprise an end for connection to the
power source and the second end may be adapted for connection to the second
connection end of the second cable portion. The control unit may be located in
proximity to the first connection end of the second cable portion. For example, the
length of cable between the first connection end and the control unit may be only, for
example, 5 – 50cm. The length of cable between the second connection end and the
control unit may be, for example, 1 – 50m. In this embodiment, the control unit may
therefore be located near the motor of the ventilator.
The connection ends of the second cable portion are preferably of the same
connection type and the second ends of the first and third cable portions may be adapted
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
for connection with the same connection type. This can allow the location of the
control unit to be optionally altered between being located near the motor or near the
power supply by reversing the orientation of the second cable portion. This allows a
user or installer of the ventilator to locate the control unit at a convenient position.
In one embodiment an axis of the motor may be aligned on the ventilator
central axis. Further, the motor axis may extend from the motor base to the rotor.
Also disclosed herein is a ventilation system. The ventilation system
comprises a motor-driven ventilator for mounting to a structure. For example, the
ventilation system may employ the ventilator as defined above. The ventilation system
also comprises a controller for controlling the speed of the ventilator motor. The
ventilation system further comprises a sensor for sensing at least one parameter within
the structure. The sensed parameter may include temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide
levels, mould spore counts, fungal spore counts, odour detection, or other parameters
which may be indicative of poor ventilation in a roof space.
In accordance with the disclosure, the controller can be adapted for controlling
the speed of the ventilator motor in response to the or each parameter sensed within the
structure. For example, as the temperature rises the controller may adjust an output
signal sent to the motor to increase the motor speed proportionally until a maximum
motor speed is reached. This can result in the motor only drawing as much power as
needed e.g. to keep the enclosed space cool. This can also minimise noise emissions
from the motor and rotor (e.g. fan). Thus, the system as disclosed herein is
distinguished over prior art fixed speed systems that either run continuously or are
simply switched on or off with a fixed speed by a thermostat switch.
In one embodiment the controller may be adapted for controlling the speed of
the ventilator motor in a proportional relationship with the or each parameter sensed by
the sensor. For example, the higher the sensed temperature of the enclosed space, the
faster the motor speed is adjusted by the controller. The proportionality may be linear
or it may comprise another modality (e.g. exponential response).
In one embodiment the sensor may be formed as unit with the controller (e.g.
to be supplied and used as an integrated unit).
In one embodiment the or each parameter sensed by the sensor can form an
input signal to the controller. The controller may then be adapted to, in response and in
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
proportion to the parameter input signal(s), output a control signal to the motor to
control the motor speed.
In one embodiment the controller may be disconnected (e.g. manually or
automatically switched off) from the sensor. In this case, one or more fixed motor
speeds may be able to be set (e.g. a three-speed controller).
In one embodiment the controller is located on (e.g. spliced into) an electrical
cable that extends between a power source and the ventilator motor. The ventilator and
cable may otherwise be as defined above.
Also disclosed herein is a combined sensor and speed controller unit. The unit
can measure at least one parameter in the vicinity of a ventilator motor. Responsive to
the or each measured parameter, the speed controller can be adapted for controlling the
speed of the ventilator motor. This unit may be able to be retrofitted to existing (e.g.
installed) systems, or it may form part of a ventilation system as set forth above.
In the unit the controller may be adapted for controlling the speed of the
ventilator motor in a proportional relationship with the or each parameter sensed by the
sensor (e.g. by pre-wiring or pre-programming the proportional relationship into a
control circuit or micro-processor of the unit). In the unit the controller may be adapted
for disconnection (e.g. by switching) from the sensor. In this case, one or more fixed
motor speeds may be able to be set in the unit (e.g. via a switch or control-dial). The
speed controller may be otherwise as defined above.
Brief Description of Drawings
Notwithstanding any other forms that may fall within the scope of the
ventilator and system as set forth in the Summary, specific embodiments of the
ventilator and system will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to
the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a first ventilator embodiment with a
transparent dome-shaped cover mounted thereto;
Figure 2 shows a side sectional view through the ventilator of Figure 1,
showing an exhaust flow configuration;
Figure 3 shows a side sectional view through the ventilator of Figure 1,
showing a reversed flow configuration;
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
Figure 4A shows the same view as Figure 2 but annotated so as to enable a
detail C (Figure 4B) and a detail D (Figure 4C) of the ventilator to be illustrated;
Figure 5 shows a different side sectional view through the ventilator of Figure
1, showing a cable path arrangement;
Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the first ventilator embodiment when
installed on a roof;
Figure 7 shows a schematic illustration of a ventilator system that enables
speed control and temperature sensing;
Figure 8 shows a detail of the schematic set-up of Figure 7.
Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments
Referring firstly to Figures 1 to 6, an embodiment of a ventilator is shown in the
form of a rooftop-mounted, axial-flow, fan ventilator 10. The fan ventilator 10 is
specifically, though not exclusively, configured for roof space cooling and the reduction
of moisture/condensation in a roof space (e.g. to help reduce the cooling requirements
of, and reduce condensation in, residential houses and certain commercial buildings).
In one mode, the fan ventilator 10 can be used to cool a roof space on hot days
via a temperature sensing variable speed control (described in detail below with
reference to Figures 7 & 8). In another mode, the fan ventilator 10 can be set for
constant ventilation rates via three user-selectable fixed speeds (described below with
reference to Figures 7 & 8). The constant ventilation mode can be useful for reducing
moisture and condensation in roof spaces where response to temperature is not
appropriate or applicable.
The fan ventilator 10 comprises a rotor in the form of a motor-driven fan 12.
The motor-driven fan 12 comprises a motor unit 14 and a fan 16 axially connected to
the motor unit. The fan 16 comprises one or more air-motive elements in the form of
fan blades 18. When the fan 16 rotates in use the fan blades 18 cause air within a roof
space S to be drawn (or “pumped”) out from the space S in a first direction D , with
direction D generally being parallel to a central axis A of the fan ventilator 10 (axial-
flow fan). The fan blades 18 are shown having two flanges, in the form of a winglets
19, that extend from and along an outer (distal) edge of each blade 18. The winglets
can assist in reducing air turbulence at the blade outer edge (i.e. tip), which can reduce
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
the amount of noise generated by the ventilator, by reducing the amount of air passing
through the gap between the fan blade 26 outer edge and the motor housing 54.
The fan ventilator 10 also comprises a stator in the form of an in-use fixed
support structure 20. The support structure 20 can be rooftop-mounted to a roof R via a
base plate or flashing 22, as best shown in Figure 6 (e.g. the flashing 22 is bent to a
corrugated roof structure and secured thereto by roof screws 23). The flashing 22 is in
turn affixed (e.g. by screws 24) to the lower end of a cylindrical housing 26 of support
structure 20. The fan 16 rotates in use with respect to the support structure 20.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the support structure 20 further
comprises a cover in the form of a dome 30 which can be releasably connected via
screws 31 to a frusto-conical dome support 32. The dome 30 and dome support 32 are
connected to but spaced from the cylindrical housing 26 as described hereafter, and are
centred on the central axis A of fan ventilator 10. Whilst the dome as shown is convex,
having a concave underside surface 33, it can also be profiled to be flat or even concave
(i.e. with a convex underside surface).
The dome 30 is transmissive to light and may, for example, be formed from a
transparent (e.g. clear) material, such as a transparent polymer (e.g. polycarbonate,
acrylate resin such as poly(methyl methacrylate) – trade name Perspex, etc). This
provides the fan ventilator 10 with the ability to allow sunlight into the roof space to
provide roof space lighting. The transmission of light through dome 30 can also assist
in the drying of damp or condensation within the roof space to reduce rot and mould. In
addition, this transmission can reduce infestation risk from pests that require dark
environments to breed or thrive.
When the dome 30 is transparent (e.g. clear), and when installed on a roof line,
the perceived height of the fan ventilator 10 can be reduced, thereby improving the
aesthetic appearance of the fan ventilator 10 in use. From a manufacturing perspective,
use of a transparent (e.g. clear) dome 30 means that the dome need not be manufactured
in different solid colours to match the other parts of the ventilator.
In an exhaust mode of the ventilator 10, the dome 30 is arranged at an exhaust
side of the fan 12 so as to receive against its underside the air flowing in the first
direction D . The concave configuration of the underside of dome 30 is such as to
cause the air flow to change from the first direction D to a second direction D , with
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
the second direction D generally being laterally away from the central axis A of fan
ventilator 10.
One or more air passageways are provided in the form of downwardly directed
elongate openings in the form of elongate passages 34 are located under and protected
by the dome 30 and dome support 32. The passages 34 are arranged at an exhaust side
of the fan 12 (i.e. the exhaust side when fan 12 is configured to pump air out of the roof
space). The passages 34 are defined with a supporting framework 36 that extends from
the cylindrical housing 26 to the dome support 32 so as to enable the air flowing in the
second general direction to pass out of the ventilator. The passages 34 are in the path of
airflow in the second direction D . The supporting framework 36 thus provides for air
flow out or into the fan ventilator 10 as well as supporting the dome 30 and dome
support 32. Further, as the dome 30 and dome support 32 are supported on the
supporting framework 36, they thus extend beyond the support structure 20 (or so called
‘throat’ of the ventilator), thereby providing a larger light intake, or collection, area.
This can increase the amount of light that is introduced into the structure when
compared to known skylight ventilators. This supporting framework 36 may also
function to both space and support the dome 30 and dome support 32 with respect to the
support structure 20. Thus, the supporting framework 36 can allow for air flow as well
as supporting and e.g. prominently positioning the dome 30 and dome support 32 of the
ventilator 10.
The supporting framework 36 comprises a series of evenly spaced, radially
extending (i.e. with respect to central axis A) struts 40 that extend up to an underside of
the dome support 32. The struts 40 extend from an upper periphery of housing 26,
adjacent to a curved peripheral lip 42 of the housing 26. The struts 40 may be integrally
formed (e.g. moulded with) the housing 26. The struts 40 are spaced whereby the
passages 34 take an elongate form, with the passages 34 then extending between
adjacent struts 40.
The supporting framework 36 also comprises a series of discretely spaced and
generally parallel elongate louvres 44 which extend between adjacent struts. Thus, each
passage 34 is defined between (i.e. bounded by) adjacent louvres 44 and adjacent struts
40. Each louvre 44 may extend right around the supporting framework 36 and, in such
case, may extend through an aperture 46 defined in a given strut 40 (see detail C in
Figure 4B). Additionally or alternatively, the louvres may only extend between
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
adjacent struts, or the louvres may be integrally moulded with the struts. Each louvre
44 is provided with an aerodynamic profile. The profile may in use be oriented to air
flowing in the second direction so as to better facilitate the exhausting (or letting in) of
air from (or to) the ventilator. The aerodynamic profiling can improve the performance
of the ventilator (e.g. for a given air flow, the overall power consumed by a ventilator
motor may be reduced).
In this regard, each louvre 44 comprises a leading edge 48 and a trailing edge
50 extending therealong. Each edge is defined by opposed curved radii (in Figure 4C
these are indicated by arrows 51 at leading edge 48 and arrows 52 at trailing edge 50).
These edges and radii can further improve the flow of air across each louvre (i.e.
whether leaving or entering the ventilator). The supporting framework 36 is configured
such that the louvres 44 are oriented parallel with the oncoming air flow (second
direction D ). This reduces the louvre frontal area exposed to the airflow and thus
reduces the resistance to flow, in turn reducing flow losses. Furthermore, the
aerodynamic shape of the louvres 44 helps to guide and distribute the air flow to
exhaust, to further reduce losses.
The fan ventilator 10 also comprises a motor housing 54 for housing the motor
unit 14 and fan 16. The motor unit 14 and fan 16 are located in the motor housing 54
such that their common axis is aligned on the ventilator central axis. The motor housing
54 enables the motor unit 14 and fan 16 to be internally mounted with respect to the
cylindrical housing 26. In this regard, a base 56 of the motor unit 14 is fixedly mounted
to but spaced from the motor housing 54 via a number of discretely spaced, radially
extending support arms 58. One of those arms 60 is modified for feeding an electric
cable 62 to the motor unit 14, as will be explained below with reference to Figure 5.
The support arms 58, 60 are evenly spaced to extend radially with respect to the
ventilator central axis.
The motor housing 54 is configured for releasable internal mounting with
respect to the support structure 20 and, specifically, with respect to the cylindrical
housing 26. In this regard, the motor housing 54 is able to be inverted and re-mounted
in the cylindrical housing 26. Thus, the orientation of the fan 16 can be inverted,
whereby the direction of air flow through the fan ventilator 10 can be reversed. Thus,
instead of the fan 16 performing an exhaust function, it may perform an aeration
function (e.g. to ventilate the roof space).
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
To enable inversion and re-mounting of the motor housing 54 in the cylindrical
housing 26, the housing 26 comprises a number of internally located discrete mounts in
the form of a spaced series of upstanding screws 64 (or pins) located internally of the
housing 26. In addition, the motor housing comprises a number of corresponding
discrete mounts at respective lower and upper peripheral edges of the motor housing. In
this regard, the motor housing mounts comprise a spaced series of screw bosses 66 (or
pin-receipt sleeves) located externally on and around the motor housing lower
peripheral edge, and a spaced series of screw bosses 68 (or pin-receipt sleeves) located
externally on and around the motor housing upper peripheral edge. Depending on the
orientation (e.g. normal exhaust mode – Figure 2, or inverted roof space ventilation
mode – Figure 3), the screw bosses 66 and 68 can receive their respective screws 64
therein, as shown in each of Figures 2 and 3.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 5, when the motor unit 14 comprises an
electrically-powered motor, one of the motor support arms 60 is provided with a
channel 70 for an electric cable 62 to connect to the motor unit 14, via an
ergodynamically flattened cable head, in the form of a plug 71, thereby connecting the
motor unit 14 to an electric power source. Thus, support arm 60 can provide both for
support of motor unit 14 and for the feed of electrical power thereto.
The channel 70 aligns with an opening 72 defined in (e.g. moulded into) a wall
of the motor housing 54. As shown in Figure 5, the electric cable 62 extends through
the opening 72, then through a cable groove 74 formed in (e.g. moulded into) the motor
housing 54, to enable the cable 62 to pass between the motor housing 54 and the
cylindrical housing 26. The cable 62 then terminates at a cable connector 76. The
channel 72 and groove 74 help the motor housing 54 be inverted and re-mounted
without the electrical cable interfering. The provision of groove 74 also allows for a
much smaller gap between the motor housing 54 and cylindrical housing 26.
In a normal exhaust mode of use of the fan ventilator 10 (Figures 1 and 2), air
from the roof space is caused by the motor-driven fan 12 to be drawn into the fan
ventilator 10 via a lower opening 80, with the air being drawn to flow past the fan
blades 18 of fan 16 in the first direction D , with airflow lines being generally parallel
to the central axis A (i.e. axial airflow), and until the air flow impinges on the dome
underside surface 33. The air is then caused by pressure to flow out and down along
underside surface 33 in the second direction D (i.e. generally laterally away with
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
respect to the central axis A) until it reaches the elongate passages 34 and passes out of
the ventilator under dome support 32.
In an aeration mode of use of the fan ventilator 10 (Figure 3), air from the
atmosphere surrounding a building is caused by the motor-driven fan 12 to be drawn
into the fan ventilator 10 via the elongate passages 34 and flows into the ventilator
under the dome support 32 (in a direction generally opposite to the second direction
D ). The air impinges towards a central apex of dome support 32, and then flows
downwardly in the ventilator 10 towards the lower opening 80, being drawn to flow
past the fan blades 18 of fan 16 (in a direction generally opposite to the first direction
D ). The air then passes into the roof space to ventilate the same.
Referring now to Figures 7 and 8, a ventilation system 100 is shown. The
ventilation system enables the fan ventilator 10 to operate in automatic, temperature
sensing, variable speed control modalities. In this regard, in an automatic temperature
sensing mode, the speed of the fan 16 of ventilator 10 can be increased (and thus the
airflow therethrough) in proportion to roof space temperature.
The system 100 comprises e.g. the fan ventilator 10 of Figures 1 to 6, although
it should be understood that the system is not limited to this particular ventilator. The
system 100 also comprises a controller 102 for controlling the speed of the ventilator
motor unit. The controller controls the speed of the ventilator motor unit in response to
the temperature sensed within the roof space. The system 100 further comprises a
temperature sensor 104 for sensing temperature within the roof space.
As described in detail below, the temperature sensor 104 is located within a
housing unit 106 for the speed controller 102, in conjunction with control electronics
(e.g. to be supplied and used as an integrated unit). However, the temperature sensor
104 may be supplied and used in a stand-alone mode, and may then be coupled
electrically, electronically or by emf to the speed controller 102. The unit 106 may be
able to be retrofitted to existing (e.g. installed) systems.
The temperature sensor 104 outputs a control signal to the motor unit 14 relative
to the measured temperature. For example, the output signal can switch on to run the
motor unit 14 and fan 16 at a low speed when e.g. roof space temperature reaches 30°C.
As the temperature rises the speed controller 102 can be programmed to adjust the
output signal proportionally to increase the speed proportionally until a maximum fan
speed is reached at e.g. 45°C. For example, the higher the sensed temperature of the
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
roof space, the faster the motor unit speed is adjusted by the controller 102. The
proportionality between temperature and motor speed may be linear or it may comprise
another modality (e.g. an exponential response).
This control also means that the fan 16 is only drawing as much power as is
needed to keep the roof space cool, thereby also minimising noise emissions from the
fan/blades. The system 100 thus stands in distinct contrast to existing fixed speed
systems that either run continuously, or are simply switched on or off with a fixed speed
by a thermostat switch.
In another mode of use, the speed controller 102 may be disconnected (e.g.
manually or automatically switched off) from the temperature sensor 104. In this mode,
one or more fixed motor speeds can then be set. For example, the unit 106 can be
configured at a switch 110 to be switched between an automatic mode (speed controller
102 and temperature sensor 104 connected) and a manual mode. In the manual mode
the switch 110 may be switched (moved) between one of, for example, three speeds of a
three-speed controller. While the speed controller 102 is disclosed in this embodiment
as having three set speeds, the speed controller may comprise fewer, or more, than three
set speeds.
In the system 100 the unit 106 is located on (e.g. spliced into) an electrical
cable comprising a long part 112 and a short part 114. The long cable part 112 can be
connected via a female connector 113 to a male connector 115 of a power supply cord
116 extending from a power supply 117 (e.g. a transformer). The power supply 117 is
in turn connected to a mains power source via a plug 118. The short cable part 114 also
connects via a female connector 120 to the male cable connector 76 located at the end
of ventilator cable 62.
As also shown in Figure 8, the cable 112, 114 is fully reversible, with normal
function still being maintained, in that female connector 113 can be connected to the
male cable connector 76, and female connector 120 can be connected to the male
connector 115. This reversibility can e.g. allow the unit 106 (e.g. with temperature
sensor 104 therein) to be moved closer to or further from the fan ventilator 10. Also,
with the different lengths of cable parts 112, 114, flexibility in location of the
temperature sensor 104 can be achieved.
In the unit 106 the proportional relationship of temperature with speed may be
pre-wired or pre-programmed (e.g. as part of a control circuit) into the unit. However,
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
if a micro-processor is employed in the unit 106, the relationship may be able to be
varied. The unit 106 may also be adapted to select (e.g. in a pre-programmed way or
via a programmable switching) between the automatic and manual modes. The unit 106
may also be integrated as part of a larger cooling system for a building (e.g. to be
activated by that system).
The power supply 117 is typically adapted to an alternating current source and
may accommodate voltages ranging from e.g. 100 to 415 volts (e.g. 110 or 240 volt
mains power supply). The power supply 117 may accommodate single phase or three
phase power supply. The power supply 117 may also be adapted to direct current
supply (e.g. from batteries or solar panels). Components of the system may be able to
be retro-fitted to known ventilators.
Whilst specific embodiments of the ventilator and system have been described,
it should be appreciated that the ventilator can be embodied in many other forms.
In the claims which follow, and in the preceding description, except where the
context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word
“comprise” and variations such as “comprises” or “comprising” are used in an inclusive
sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence
or addition of further features in various embodiments of the ventilator and system.
5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
Claims (34)
1. A roof-mounted ventilator for ventilating air from within, or into, a structure, the ventilator comprising: - a motor-driven rotor comprising one or more air-motive elements which, 5 when the rotor rotates in use, cause air to flow through the ventilator; - a stator for mounting to the structure and to which the rotor is rotatably mounted; - an annular support framework, that extends up and away from an upper periphery of the stator, comprising a plurality of air passageways arranged so 10 as to enable the air to flow through the ventilator; and - a cover supported on the annular support framework, formed from a material which is transmissive to light, the cover being configured so as to transmit light into the structure when the stator is mounted thereto.
2. A ventilator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the cover has a concave profile that is 15 centred on a ventilator central axis, and with the cover underside extending out and down in-use to the annular support framework.
3. A ventilator as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the annular support framework comprises a series of discretely spaced radial struts that extend up to the cover underside from the stator upper periphery, and radially from and around the ventilator 20 central axis, with the air passageways being elongate and extending between adjacent struts.
4. A ventilator as claimed in claim 3 wherein a series of discretely spaced and generally parallel elongate louvres extend between adjacent struts, with an elongate air passageway being defined between adjacent louvres and adjacent struts. 25
5. A ventilator as claimed in claim 4 wherein each louvre has an aerodynamic profile that in use is oriented to so as to facilitate the flow of air through the ventilator.
6. A ventilator as claimed in claim 4 or 5 wherein each louvre comprises leading and trailing edges extending therealong, with each edge being defined by opposed curved radii. 30
7. A ventilator as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the or each air- motive element comprises a blade of the rotor which is configured to pump air through the ventilator. 5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
8. A ventilator as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further comprising a motor housing for enabling the motor to be internally mounted with respect to the stator.
9. A ventilator as claimed in claim 8 wherein the motor housing is configured such that 5 it is able to be inverted and re-mounted in the stator whereby the orientation of the rotor is able to be inverted and thus the direction of air flow through the ventilator is able to be reversed.
10. A ventilator as claimed in claim 9 wherein the stator comprises a number of internally located discrete mounts, and wherein the motor housing comprises a number 10 of corresponding discrete mounts at respective lower and upper peripheral edges of the motor housing, whereby the corresponding mounts at the lower peripheral edge of the motor housing can engage with the stator-mounts in one orientation of the motor housing within the stator, and whereby the corresponding mounts at the upper peripheral edge of the motor housing can engage with the stator-mounts in an inverted 15 orientation of the motor housing within the stator.
11. A ventilator as claimed in claim 10 wherein the stator-mounts comprise a spaced series of upstanding pins located internally of the stator, and wherein the motor housing-mounts comprise a corresponding spaced series of pin-receipt sleeves located externally on and around the motor housing. 20
12. A ventilator as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 11 wherein a base of the motor is able to be fixedly mounted to the motor housing.
13. A ventilator as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the motor for the rotor is an electric motor that is mounted with respect to the stator by at least one support arm, and wherein a channel for an electric cable to connect to the motor is 25 provided in a given support arm.
14. A ventilator as claimed in claim 13, when dependent on any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein a base of the motor is mounted to the motor housing by the at least one support arm.
15. A ventilator as claimed in claim 14 wherein the channel aligns with an opening in 30 the motor housing, whereby the electric cable can extend through the opening in the motor housing and through a space between the motor housing and the stator. 5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
16. A ventilator as claimed in claim 14 or 15 wherein a series of discretely spaced radial support arms extend from the motor housing to the motor base, with the support arms being spaced radially around a central axis of the ventilator, and with one of the series of support arms defining the given support arm with the channel for the electric 5 cable.
17. A ventilator as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the structure to which the ventilator is mounted is the roof of an enclosed space of a building, or portable structure including a shed, house or ship.
18. A ventilator as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the motor is 10 connected to a power supply by a cable and wherein the cable comprises a control unit for controlling the motor.
19. A ventilator as claimed in claim 18 wherein the cable further comprises a sensor for automatic adjustment of the control unit.
20. A ventilator as claimed in claim 18 or 19 wherein the cable comprises first, second 15 and third distinct portions, the first cable portion connected to the motor at one end thereof and the second end thereof adapted for connection to the second cable portion, the second cable portion comprising a first connection end for connection to the second end of the first cable portion and a second connection end, and the third cable portion comprising an end for connection to the power source and the second end thereof 20 adapted for connection to the second connection end of the second cable portion, wherein the control unit is located in proximity to the first connection end of the second cable portion.
21. A ventilator as claimed in claim 20 wherein the first and second connection ends of the second cable portion are of the same connection type, and the second ends of the 25 first and third cable portions are adapted for connection with the same connection type.
22. A ventilator as claimed in claim 21 wherein connection of the second cable portion to the first and third cable portions is reversed.
23. A ventilator as claimed any one of the preceding claims wherein an axis of the motor is aligned on a central axis of the ventilator, with the motor axis extending from 30 the motor base to the rotor. 5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
24. A ventilator as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the cover is arranged so as to receive thereagainst the air flowing through the ventilator in a first general direction, the configuration of the cover being such as to cause the air flow to change from the first to a second general direction. 5
25. A ventilator as claimed in claim 24 wherein the cover is arranged at an exhaust side of the rotor.
26. A ventilator as claimed in claim 25 wherein the one or more air passageways are arranged so as to enable the air flowing in the second general direction to pass out of the ventilator. 10
27. A ventilator as claimed in claim 26 wherein an underside of the cover has a concave profile that is centred on a central axis of the ventilator such that the air flow in the first general direction is generally aligned with the central axis, and the air flow in the second general direction is generally laterally away with respect to the central axis.
28. A ventilation system for ventilating air from within, or into, a structure, the 15 ventilation system comprising: - the roof-mounted ventilator, as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, for mounting to the structure; - a controller for controlling the speed of the ventilator motor; - a sensor for sensing at least one parameter within the structure; 20 wherein the controller is adapted for controlling the speed of the ventilator motor in response to the or each parameter sensed within the structure.
29. A ventilation system as claimed in claim 28 wherein the controller is adapted for controlling the speed of the ventilator motor in a proportional relationship with the or each parameter sensed by the sensor. 25
30. A ventilation system as claimed in claim 28 or 29 wherein the sensor is formed as unit with the controller.
31. A ventilation system as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 30 wherein the or each parameter sensed by the sensor forms an input signal to the controller, and wherein the controller is adapted to, in response and in proportion to the or each parameter input 30 signal, output a control signal to the motor to control the motor speed. 5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
32. A ventilation system as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 31 wherein the controller is adapted for disconnection from the sensor, and whereby one or more fixed motor speeds can be set.
33. A ventilation system as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 32 wherein the 5 controller is located on an electrical cable extending between a power source and the ventilator motor.
34. A ventilation system as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 33 wherein the or each parameter sensed by the sensor includes: temperature; humidity; carbon dioxide levels; mould spore counts; fungal spore counts; or odour detection. 5827045_1 (GHMatters) P89852.AU.1 SAMANTHA
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2012901329A AU2012901329A0 (en) | 2012-04-03 | Ventilator | |
AU2012901329 | 2012-04-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ608994A NZ608994A (en) | 2014-10-31 |
NZ608994B true NZ608994B (en) | 2015-02-03 |
Family
ID=
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