NZ601398B - Improved Floatation Device - Google Patents
Improved Floatation Device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ601398B NZ601398B NZ601398A NZ60139812A NZ601398B NZ 601398 B NZ601398 B NZ 601398B NZ 601398 A NZ601398 A NZ 601398A NZ 60139812 A NZ60139812 A NZ 60139812A NZ 601398 B NZ601398 B NZ 601398B
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- flotation device
- foam
- central layer
- spine
- blank
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000004620 low density foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004616 structural foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004619 high density foam Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011145 styrene acrylonitrile resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 124
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001331 Nose Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010069870 Device damage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 Knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 240000007182 Ochroma pyramidale Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 Vinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002365 multiple layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Patent 601398 Disclosed is a flotation device or surfboard, including a top low density foam portion or layer; a bottom low density foam portion or layer; and a central layer made from a single section of high density structural foam sandwiched between the top foam and bottom foam portions. At least one spine portion is located along a portion of the flotation device length; and the flotation device does not include a stringer or stringers. The height of the central layer is 1-30% of the full height of the flotation device from the device deck to the underside and extends across the full width and length of the flotation device. The thickness of the bottom foam portion is thinner than the thickness of the top foam portion so as to position the central layer towards the base of the flotation device. least one spine portion is located along a portion of the flotation device length; and the flotation device does not include a stringer or stringers. The height of the central layer is 1-30% of the full height of the flotation device from the device deck to the underside and extends across the full width and length of the flotation device. The thickness of the bottom foam portion is thinner than the thickness of the top foam portion so as to position the central layer towards the base of the flotation device.
Description
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
PATENTS FORM NO. 5
Appln Fee: $250.00
CreateIP Ref: BAR100PNZ
PATENTS ACT 1953
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Complete in the First Instance
IMPROVED FLOTATION DEVICE
I, Paul Barron, a New Zealand citizen with an address of Unit 1, 18 Bower Avenue, Christchurch,
New Zealand, do hereby declare this invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted
to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in the following
statement:
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
IMPROVED FLOTATION DEVICE
TECHNICAL FIELD
Described herein is an improved flotation device. The device such as a surfboard does not utilise
a stringer as traditionally used and instead used a low density foam layer as the core of the
device.
BACKGROUND ART
Flotation devices such as surfboards have been made more many years, the design of the
board gradually altering as new materials and techniques become available.
US publication number 2010/0240271 provides detailed synopsis of the history of surfboard
manufacture and in the interests of brevity, this publication is referred to and incorporated
herein.
To summarise, surfboards are traditionally manufactured from a blank comprising two
polyurethane (PU) foam sections and a wooden or foam ‘stringer’ extending from the nose of
the board to the tail which gives structure to the board. PU foam alone lacks the structural
integrity required as it is bendy up to a point and then fails dramatically. A stringer is
traditionally added in order to reduce the board flex and thereby minimise board breakage and
improve board performance. Stringer designs typically represent the best compromise between
strength and board dynamics. Despite use of a stringer or stringers, board breakage is still a
common occurrence, particularly in larger waves or when the board strikes a hard feature such
as rocks or coral reef.
Methods to address board breakage yet still maintain the desired flex and performance of a
board have varied.
US2010/0240271 noted above illustrates one method being to incorporate a carbon fibre layer
or layers within the board. This publication also teaches about the need to vary the curvature of
the carbon fibre core relative to the curvature of the top surface. The publication also still shows
and uses a stringer or stringers and does not necessarily do away with the need for such
stiffening parts.
A further problem with traditional stringer designs is that the board top and bottom surfaces (top
or deck and base or underside or waterside) have the stringer flush or extending from the
surrounding foam. This makes shaping the board difficult as two varying materials need to be
shaped rather than one continuous smooth surface.
In the marine boat building industry, composite designers determined early on that sandwiching
a low-density, lightweight core material between thin face sheets can dramatically increase a
laminate's stiffness with little added weight. A sandwich structure is cost-effective because the
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
relatively low-cost core replaces more expensive composite reinforcement material and can be
cured with the skins in one-shot processes like resin infusion. The stiffer but lighter sandwich
panel requires less supporting structure than a solid laminate. Marine composites typically only
refer to matching a high density foam with a fibreglass sheet or epoxy sheet in the wall of a boat
or similar application. Further layers such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) that might be used in
surfboard applications are not discussed in marine / boat applications since this added layer is
unnecessary and is a surfing specific application hence marine art tends to lead away from
surfboard manufacture.
For the purpose of this specification the term 'comprise' and grammatical variations thereof shall
have an inclusive meaning - i.e. that it will be taken to mean an inclusion of not only the listed
components it directly references, but also other non-specified components or elements.
Further aspects and advantages of the process and product will become apparent from the
ensuing description that is given by way of example only.
SUMMARY
Described herein are flotation devices such as surfboards and surfboards blanks that remove
the need for a stringer or stringers and yet provide greater strength an board dynamics than
traditional stringer designs. The devices described utilise a central layer formed from a high
density foam sandwiched between two low density foams.
In a first aspect there is provided a flotation device, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions; and
wherein the flotation device does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a second aspect there is provided a flotation device, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions;
at least one spine portion located along a portion of the board length wherein the
flotation; and
wherein device does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a third aspect there is provided a surfboard, including:
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions;
a toughened outer layer coating over the exterior surface; and
wherein the surfboard does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a fourth aspect there is provided a surfboard, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions;
a toughened outer layer coating over the exterior surface;
at least one spine portion located along a portion of the board length wherein the
flotation; and
wherein the surfboard does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a fifth aspect there is provided a surfboard blank, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density foam sandwiched between the top foam and
bottom foam portions; and
wherein the surfboard blank does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a sixth aspect there is provided a surfboard blank, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density foam sandwiched between the top foam and
bottom foam portions;
at least one spine portion located along a portion of the board length wherein the
flotation; and
wherein the surfboard blank does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a seventh aspect there is provided a method of manufacturing a flotation device blank by the
steps of:
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
(a) preparing a sandwich structure with:
- a top low density foam portion,
- a central portion manufactured from a high density structural foam,
- a bottom low density portion and
- a fibreglass and resin layer located between the top portion and central layer and
the bottom portion and central layer;
(b) vacuum compressing the sandwich structure;
(c) shaping the resulting sandwich structure to the desired contours thereby forming a
flotation device blank.
In an eighth aspect there is provided a method of manufacturing a flotation device blank by the
steps of:
(a) preparing a sandwich structure with:
- a top low density foam portion,
- a central portion manufactured from a high density structural foam,
- a bottom low density portion and a fibreglass and resin layer located between the
top portion and central layer and the bottom portion and central layer and
- a spine portion located along a portion of the board length, the spine portion being
seated on the central layer and extending from the central layer towards the
surfboard deck, protruding into the top foam portion;
(b) vacuum compressing the sandwich structure;
(c) shaping the resulting sandwich structure to the desired contours thereby forming a
flotation device blank.
Advantages of the above will become apparent including improved board dynamics such as
greater strength yet enough flex for the desired activities. Also, the device is a durable product
that is easy to manufacture, doesn’t delaminate and is easy to shape and work with.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further aspects of the flotation device, surfboard, surfboard blank and method of manufacture
will become apparent from the following description that is given by way of example only and
with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a traditional surfboard configuration;
Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view a first embodiment of a flotation device;
Figure 3 illustrates an elevation view of the first embodiment;
Figure 4 illustrates a view of the top of the flotation device;
Figure 5 illustrates a perspective view of a second embodiment of a flotation device; and
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
Figure 6 illustrates an elevation view of the second embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
As noted above, flotation devices such as surfboards and surfboards blanks that remove the
need for a stringer or stringers and yet provide greater strength an board dynamics than
traditional stringer designs. The devices described utilise a central layer formed from a high
density foam sandwiched between two low density foams.
For the purposes of this specification, the term ‘about’ or ‘approximately’ and grammatical
variations thereof mean a quantity, level, degree, value, number, frequency, percentage,
dimension, size, amount, weight or length that varies by as much as 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 9, 8, 7,
6, 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1% to a reference quantity, level, degree, value, number, frequency, percentage,
dimension, size, amount, weight or length.
The term ‘substantially’ or grammatical variations thereof refers to at least about 50%, for
example 75%, 85%, 95% or 98%.
The term ‘flotation device’ or grammatical variations thereof refers to a structure or device that is
capable of floating. In certain embodiments, the flotation device is an aquatic sports board such
as a surfboard, windsurf board, stand up paddle board, wake board, knee board, body board, kite
board, paddle board or the like.
The term ‘surfboard’ or grammatical variations thereof incorporates short boards, long boards,
gun surfboards, fish surfboards, egg surfboards and the like and boards ranging in length from
less than 4 feet long to greater than 13 feet long.
The term ‘blank’ or grammatical variations thereof refer to the internal structure of a flotation
device or board that forms the basic structure and shape of the device or board. In surfing terms,
the blank is the internal foam structure with the outer layer of for example fibreglass removed.
The blank is the part of the board that is shaped to the desired contours and gives the board an
overall shape.
The term ‘low density foam’ or grammatical variations thereof refers to a density of less than 100,
or 90, or 80, or 70, or 60, or 50, or 40, or 30 kg/m .
The term ‘high density foam’ or grammatical variations thereof refers to a density of equal to or
greater than 100, or 120, or 140, or 160, or 180, or 200 kg/m .
The term ‘fibreglass’ or grammatical variations thereof refers to fibreglass materials generally
used in surfboard manufacture.
The term ‘length’ or grammatical variations thereof as used when described the flotation device
or related products such as surfboards refers to the distance between the device nose and tail.
The term ‘width’ or grammatical variations thereof as used when described the flotation device or
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
related products such as surfboards refers to the distance between each rail or side of the board,
generally as measured about the centre of the board length or at the device or board’s widest
width.
The term ‘height’ or ‘depth’ or grammatical variations thereof may be used interchangeably as
used when described the flotation device or related products such as surfboards refers to the
distance between the device deck or top and the device base of underside, generally as
measured about the centre of the board length or at the device or board’s greatest height/depth.
The term ‘board dynamics’ refers collectively to the way the board or flotation device reacts when
ridden and incorporates actions such as strength, rigidity and flex.
In a first aspect there is provided a flotation device, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions; and
wherein the flotation device does not include a stringer or stringers.
Removal of a stringer is achieved using the design described yet the strength and flotation
device dynamics in terms of ride and durability are maintained. An additional advantage is that,
by removal of the stringer, the flotation device may be easier to shape to the desired contours
as the flotation device has both a single material top or deck and bottom or underside. In
addition, the variation described requires minimal materials and is easier to manufacture than a
traditional stringer design flotation device.
Also of advantage is that the central layer need not have any special curvature or shaping
relative to the top portion or bottom portion unlike art that requires a specific offset shape of the
central section e.g. carbon fibre relative to the flotation device surface. This therefore reduces
labour costs as the internal layer need not be shaped first and instead can be shaped at a later
stage.
The height of the central layer may be approximately 1%, or 2%, or 3%, or 4%, or 5%, or 6%,
or 7%, or 8%, or 9%, or 10%, or 15%, or 20%, or 25%, or 30% of the full height of the flotation
device from the device deck to underside. As may be appreciated from this, the central layer is
primarily used for strength and durability whilst the top and bottom portions are primarily used
to give shape and buoyancy to the flotation device. In one embodiment, the central layer may
be approximately 1mm, or 2mm, or 3mm, or 4mm, or 5mm, or 6mm, or 7mm, or 8mm, or 9mm,
or 10mm thick and the flotation device width may typically be 10mm, or 20mm, or 30mm, or
40mm, or 50mm, or 60mm although variations outside this range are also encompassed. As an
example, windsurfing boards tend to be thicker than surfboards and some boards are longer
than other boards hence require varying rigidity, strength, flex or board dynamics as a whole.
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
In the above aspect a single central layer is referred to. Also encompassed are the use of two or
more layers or sheets of high density foam forming a combined central layer
The central layer may extend across the full width and length of the flotation device so that the
edge of the central layer finishes flush with the top and bottom foam portions. As may be
appreciated, the central layer edge or perimeter may instead finish within the boundary defined
by the foam layers and their edges. In the embodiment of a reduced size central layer, the layer
may be nested inside a recess or recesses in the foam portion or portions.
The thickness of the bottom foam portion may be thinner than the thickness of the top foam
portion so as to offset the central layer from the flotation device centre height towards the base
of the flotation device. The degree of offset from the flotation device centre width may be from
1mm, or 2mm, or 3mm, or 4mm, or 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, or 20mm, or 25mm, or 30mm, or
35mm, or 40mm, or 45mm or 50mm from a centre line.
The central layer may be manufactured from a single section of structural foam. As may be
appreciated, the central layer could be made from multiple parts but the inventor has found it is
easiest to manufacture the central layer from one piece of foam as this avoids extra material
handling and ensures a continuous foam structure throughout the device length and width.
The structural foam may be a thermoset and/or thermoplastic polymer.
The structural foam may be a linear closed cell thermoplastic styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) foam.
In one embodiment, the structural foam may be Corecel™. Characteristics of these types of
foam that make them useful include:
(a) a high density resulting in good compression strength;
(b) environmental stability including a high tolerance for heat (for example, tolerant of
temperatures from 85 C-235 C) and a high tolerance to chemical exposure;
(c) mechanically resilient including having a high ductility and damage tolerant;
(d) dimensioned with a fine cell size meaning the material is both lower in cost and
lightweight;
(e) uniform properties with a minimal variation in density;
(f) the foam is chemically compatible particularly with all polyester, vinylester and epoxy
resin curing mechanisms;
(g) the thermal expansion properties (coefficient of expansion) of the foams are consistent
with glass and foams so that thermal cycling does not cause debonding.
The above foams are used in the marine industry but typically as a thin sandwich with a glass or
epoxy layer on either side of the foam and no further layers. Flotation devices such as
surfboards also require the addition of buoyancy layers and there is a need to bond the various
parts together yet still retain desired flotation devices dynamics such as flex yet strength. As a
result, marine use does not tell the full story of how this material may be used in flotation device
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
applications and the resulting, surprisingly good dynamics plus improved or at least compatible
strength.
The inventor found that the flotation device described also resolved problems in the art with
delamination between layers and despite various tests completed, no delamination has been
identified solving problems found in other art devices where delamination is a very real issue.
A further advantage of using high density foams to form a central core is that, were the device
exterior to be damaged and the outer layer broken, moisture is not readily taken up by the
internal materials as they are hydrophobic and by contrast to other materials, repel water.
Fixing breakages or ‘dings’ as they are often called are often simple and quick to complete but
can be delayed owing to the fact that the board internals need to dry first before the ding is
repaired otherwise moisture may be sealed inside the board thereby changing the flotation
device buoyancy and dynamics. Use of the described materials avoids or at least reduces the
drying time needed before a repair may be made. Wooden stringers in particular are the most
problematic for moisture uptake hence removal of a stringer altogether may be beneficial if only
for this moisture retention issue.
The central layer may include a fibreglass and resin layer between the top foam portion and the
central layer. The central layer may include a fibreglass and resin layer between the bottom
foam portion and the central layer. Further, the central layer may include both a fibreglass and
resin layer between the top foam portion and the central layer and a fibreglass and resin layer
between the bottom foam portion and the central layer. The inventor has found that use of a
fibreglass layer on one or both sides of the central layer helps to bond or laminate the different
foams together. As noted above, the materials chosen are all compatible and do not delaminate
over time.
The low density top and bottom portion foams may be closed cell foams that are primarily used
for buoyancy and are non-structural. In one embodiment, the low density foam may be
expanded polystyrene (EPS). The low density foam may be characterised by being buoyant and
flexible up to a point and then undergo sudden failure. The low density foam may also be
shaped easily by hand or by machine and gives an exterior shape to the board. The low density
foam may be epoxy or fibreglass compatible. A further advantage of using EPS is that it repels
water unlike polyurethane foams that tend to absorb water. This difference in moisture retention
becomes very important when the exterior coating of a flotation device is damaged and the
internal device structure becomes exposed to the environment. Moisture retention within the
device can dramatically change the device buoyancy and dynamics. Not absorbing moisture
removes this risk of device damage.
In a second aspect there is provided a flotation device, including:
a top low density foam portion;
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions;
at least one spine portion located along a portion of the board length wherein the
flotation; and wherein device does not include a stringer or stringers.
In this second aspect, the flotation device includes a spine or spines. This aspect, whilst not
being essential may confer greater rigidity and strength to the flotation device. Use of the spine
or spines may be helpful to alter the board dynamics desired and also to increase the degree of
strength and rigidity desired.
As may be appreciated, the above described spine or spines differ to a stringer as the described
spine(s) only extend along a portion of the device length and not full length as is the case with
stringer designs.
In one embodiment, only one spine may be used. Further description is made in respect o a
single spine however it should be appreciated that multiple spines may be used despite the
singular description used.
The spine portion may be seated on the central layer and extend from the central layer towards
the device deck, protruding into the top foam portion. Alternatively, the spine may be
configured differently such as where the spine is fitted into an aperture in the central layer
and/or the spine extends into the bottom foam section partly or entirely. Extending into the top
portion is considered desirable as it may be advantageous to bias the central layer towards the
base of the board as a whole hence more space is available in the top portion for the spine to
be nested/enclosed.
The spine portion may be manufactured in part or in full from a high density structural foam.
The structural foam used to form the spine portion may be a linear closed cell thermoplastic
styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) foam. Details of this type of foam are described above.
The spine portion may be centrally located and extend along approximately 5%, or 10%, or
%, or 20%, or 25%, or 30%, or 35%, or 40%, or 45%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% of the overall
flotation device length.
The spine portion may have a width of approximately 1%, or 2%, or 3%, or 4%, or 5%, or 6%,
or 7%, or 8%, or 9%, or 10%, or 15%, or 20%, or 25% of the overall flotation device width.
The centre of the spine may be located approximate the centre of the flotation device length and
width.
The spine portion may be an approximately rectangular shaped block formed as one piece.
Alternatively, the spine portion may be formed in multiple pieces or formed integral with the
central layer.
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
The spine portion may protrude into the top foam portion finishing flush with the surface of the
top foam portion. The spine portion may protrude into the top foam portion and not extend to
the surface of the top foam portion. As may be appreciated, hiding the spine within the top
portion hides the internal structure and also allows for easier shaping as there is no change in
materials on the top or deck of flotation device.
The spine portion may include a fibreglass and resin layer between the top and/or bottom foam
portion or portions and the spine portion. This may help bonding the spine portion to the other
parts of the flotation device in a similar manner, as the central layer may be fibreglass bonded to
the foam portion(s).
The flotation device may further include a toughened hard outer layer coating over the exterior
surface of the flotation device. The outer layer may be a fibreglass/resin or epoxy resin coating.
The outer layer may also be a soft coating having a water proof or water resistant coating outer
surface such as a cloth or other plastic covering. An outer layer may be used to give a smooth
finish, to seal the internal board structure and to strengthen the flotation device. As may be
appreciated though, the blank shape defines the overall flotation device shape and the outer
layer follows the contours of the blank.
The flotation device may include a fin or fins integral to the blank or outer layer. Alternatively,
the flotation device may instead include apertures in the blank or outer layer to fit fin systems
such as FCS fins.
In one embodiment, the flotation device is a surfboard. Other flotation devices that the flotation
device design may be used for include stand-up paddle (SUP) boards, windsurfing boards, kite
boards, wake boards and other aquatic sports boards.
In a third aspect there is provided a surfboard, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions;
a toughened outer layer coating over the exterior surface; and
wherein the surfboard does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a fourth aspect there is provided a surfboard, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top
foam and bottom foam portions;
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
a toughened outer layer coating over the exterior surface;
at least one spine portion located along a portion of the board length wherein the
flotation; and
wherein the surfboard does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a fifth aspect there is provided a surfboard blank, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density foam sandwiched between the top foam and
bottom foam portions; and
wherein the surfboard blank does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a sixth aspect there is provided a surfboard blank, including:
a top low density foam portion;
a bottom low density foam portion; and
a central layer made of a high density foam sandwiched between the top foam and
bottom foam portions;
at least one spine portion located along a portion of the board length wherein the
flotation; and
wherein the surfboard blank does not include a stringer or stringers.
In a seventh aspect there is provided a method of manufacturing a flotation device blank by the
steps of:
(a) preparing a sandwich structure with a top low density foam portion, a central portion
manufactured from a high density structural foam, a bottom low density portion and a
fibreglass and resin layer located between the top portion and central layer and the
bottom portion and central layer;
(b) vacuum compressing the sandwich structure; and
(c) shaping the resulting sandwich structure to the desired contours thereby forming a
flotation device blank.
In the above method, a toughened outer layer coating may be placed over the exterior surface
of the blank to form a flotation device.
In an eighth aspect there is provided a method of manufacturing a flotation device blank by the
steps of:
(a) preparing a sandwich structure with:
- a top low density foam portion,
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
- a central portion manufactured from a high density structural foam,
- a bottom low density portion and a fibreglass and resin layer located between the
top portion and central layer and the bottom portion and central layer and
- a spine portion located along a portion of the board length, the spine portion being
seated on the central layer and extending from the central layer towards the
surfboard deck, protruding into the top foam portion;
(b) vacuum compressing the sandwich structure;
(c) shaping the resulting sandwich structure to the desired contours thereby forming a
flotation device blank.
The flotation device may be a surfboard. Other flotation devices that the design may be used
for include stand-up paddle (SUP) boards, windsurfing boards, kite boards, wake boards and
other aquatic sports boards.
Advantages of the above will become apparent including improved board dynamics such as
greater strength yet enough flex for the desired activities. Also, the device is a durable product
that is easy to manufacture, doesn’t delaminate and is easy to shape and work with.
The embodiments described above may also be said broadly to consist in the parts, elements
and features referred to or indicated in the specification of the application, individually or
collectively, and any or all combinations of any two or more said parts, elements or features, and
where specific integers are mentioned herein which have known equivalents in the art to which
the embodiments relates, such known equivalents are deemed to be incorporated herein as of
individually set forth,
Where specific integers are mentioned herein which have known equivalents in the art to which
this invention relates, such known equivalents are deemed to be incorporated herein as if
individually set forth.
WORKING EXAMPLES
The above flotation device is now described by reference to specific examples. Reference is
made to the device being a surfboard however this should not be seen as limiting as it should be
appreciated that other types of aquatic boards may also be manufactured using a similar design.
EXAMPLE 1
Referring to Figure 1, the process of making an art surfboard blank 1 is illustrated. The board
blank 1 includes two sides 2,3 made from polyurethane (PU) foam. The two sides 2,3 are linked
about the centre of the board blank 1 width by a stringer 4. The stringer 4 runs from the nose 5
of the board blank 1 to the tail 6 of the board blank 1. The stringer 4 is typically manufactured
from a lightweight wood such as balsa. The blank 1 is typically glued together as shown in
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
Figure 1 and then shaped by hand or by machine to the desired contours. Shaping about the
region of the stringer 4 can be problematic owing to the contrast in material hardness. To
produce a finished surfboard form the blank 1, the blank 1 is covered in a toughened outer layer
coating such as fibreglass/resin or an epoxy resin coating (not shown). The art board blank
design has been used for many years as, while it is far from perfect, it represents the best
compromise between weight and ease of manufacture, cost and strength. The design has also
stayed this way for many years owing to a degree of inertia in the industry to change, boards
shapes and designs being secretive and traditional.
EXAMPLE 2
Figures 2 to 4 illustrate a first embodiment of a surfboard blank 10 based on the new design
described herein, generally indicated by arrow 10. The surfboard 10 is illustrated as a blank
without an outer coating layer (not shown) to allow viewing of the internal structure.
The board blank 10 includes a low density top foam portion 11, and low density bottom foam
portion 12. The board blank 10 includes a central layer 13. The central layer 13 is
manufactured from a high density structural foam sandwiched between the top foam 11 and
bottom foam 12 portions. The board blank 10 does not include a stringer or stringers.
The low density top 11 and bottom 12 portion foams may be closed cell foams that are primarily
used for buoyancy and are non-structural. In the embodiment shown, the low density foam
used is expanded polystyrene (EPS).
The height of the central layer 13 in the embodiment shown is approximately 6mm thick. The
thickness may vary depending on the board 10 size, dynamics and strength desired.
As illustrated, the central layer 13 is made of a single piece of high density structural foam.
Multiple layers of high density structural foam, which together form the central layer 13, may
also be used.
As illustrated, the central layer 13 extends across the full width and length of the board blank 10
so that the edge of the central layer 13 finishes flush with the top 11 and bottom 12 foam
portions. The central layer 13 edge or perimeter may instead finish within the boundary defined
by the foam layers 11, 12 and their edges.
The thickness of the bottom foam portion 12 is thinner about the centre of the board blank 10
than the top foam portion 11 meaning that the central layer 13 is biased towards the base of the
board blank 10.
The structural foam used to form the central layer 13 in the embodiment shown is a linear closed
cell thermoplastic styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) foam.
The central layer 13 may include a fibreglass and resin layer between the top foam portion 11
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
and the central layer 13 (not shown) and a similar fibreglass and resin layer between the bottom
foam portion 12 and the central layer 13 (not shown). A fibreglass layer on one or both sides of
the central layer 13 helps to bond or laminate the different foams together.
As illustrated in figure 4, the top surface or deck of the board blank 10 is clean of any changes in
material, being only the top foam portion 11 and the internal structure is not visible from the
deck of the board blank 10.
The finished board (not shown) includes an outer layer coating (not shown) over the exterior
surface of the board blank 10. The outer layer may be a hard fibreglass/resin or epoxy resin or
soft cloth or other plastic covering (not shown). An outer layer may be used to give a smooth
finish, to seal the board blank 10 structure and to strengthen the board blank 10.
The complete board (not shown) may include a fin or fins integral to the board blank 10 or
instead, the complete board may instead include apertures in the blank 10 or outer layer (not
shown) to fit fin systems such as FCS fins (not shown).
EXAMPLE 3
Referring to Figures 5 and 6, a second embodiment of the board blank 20 is illustrated. The
board blank 20 again includes a top low density foam portion 21 and a bottom low density foam
portion 22 along with a central layer 23. The board blank 20 also includes a spine portion 24
located along a portion of the board 20 length.
A spine 24 may be used depending on the board blank 20 dynamics desired. A spine 24 may
confer greater rigidity and strength to the board blank 20.
The spine 24 (or spines as more than one spine may be used) differ to a stringer used in
traditional designs (see figure 1) as the described spine(s) 24 only extend along a portion of the
board blank 20 length and not full length as is the case with stringer designs. Further, the
spine(s) 24 as illustrated do not protrude to the surface of the board blank 20 deck (see Figure 4)
unlike traditional stringer designs that do penetrate the board blank 20 surface. It should
however be appreciated that the spine could finish flush with the top portion surface. As
illustrated, the spine 24 is nested/enclosed within the top foam portion 21 in the embodiment
illustrated although could also be nested within the central layer 23 and/or bottom portion 22 as
well if desired.
The spine 24 illustrated may be manufactured in part or in full from a high density structural
foam such as a linear closed cell thermoplastic styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) foam also used for the
central layer 23.
The spine 24 is in the embodiment shown a roughly rectangular block, ideally located in the
centre of the board blank 20 width and length and extends along approximately 5% to 50% of
Received at IPONZ 27 August 2012
the overall board blank 20 length. The spine 24 may have a width of approximately 1% to 25%
of the overall flotation device width.
The spine 24 is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 as a separate part to the central layer 24 but may
instead be formed as an integral part of the central layer 23.
The spine 24 may include a fibreglass and resin layer (not shown) between the spine and other
materials e.g. the top foam portion 21. This may be added to help bonding the spine 24 to the
other parts of the board blank 20.
The finished board (not shown) includes an outer layer coating (not shown) over the exterior
surface of the board blank 20. The outer layer may be a hard fibreglass/resin or epoxy resin or
soft cloth or other plastic covering (not shown). An outer layer may be used to give a smooth
finish, to seal the board blank 20 structure and to strengthen the board blank 20.
The complete board (not shown) may include a fin or fins integral to the board blank 20 or
instead, the complete board may instead include apertures in the blank 20 or outer layer (not
shown) to fit fin systems such as FCS fins (not shown).
As noted above, in the embodiments described and illustrated, reference is made to the
flotation device being a surfboard or board. The design described may also be used for other
aquatic board sports such as for stand-up paddle (SUP) boards, windsurfing boards, kite
boards, wake boards, body boards and so on.
Aspects of the flotation device, surfboard, surfboard blank and methods of manufacture have
been described by way of example only and it should be appreciated that modifications and
additions may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the claims herein.
Received at IPONZ 17 October 2012
Claims (24)
1. A flotation device, including: a top low density foam portion; a bottom low density foam portion; and a central layer made of a high density foam sandwiched between the top foam and bottom foam portions; at least one spine portion located along a portion of the flotation device length; and wherein the flotation device does not include a stringer or stringers.
2. The flotation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the height of the central layer is approximately 1-30% of the full height of the flotation device from the device deck to underside.
3. The flotation device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the central layer extends across the full width and length of the flotation device.
4. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the thickness of the bottom foam portion is thinner than the thickness of the top foam portion so as to position the central layer towards the base of the flotation device.
5. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the central layer is manufactured from a single section of structural foam.
6. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the high density foam is a thermoset and thermoplastic polymer.
7. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the high density foam is a linear closed cell thermoplastic styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) foam.
8. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the central layer includes a fibreglass and resin layer between the top foam portion and the central layer.
9. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the central layer Received at IPONZ 17 October 2012 includes a fibreglass and resin layer between the bottom foam portion and the central layer.
10. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the spine portion protrudes into the top foam portion.
11. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the spine portion is seated on the central layer and extends from the central layer into the top foam portion and ends flush with the top foam portion exterior surface.
12. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the spine portion is manufactured from a high density foam.
13. The flotation device as claimed in claim 12 wherein the high density foam used to form the spine portion is a linear closed cell thermoplastic styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) foam.
14. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims where in the spine portion is centrally located and extends along approximately 10 to 70% of the overall flotation device length.
15. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the spine portion has a width of approximately 1 to 25% of the overall flotation device width.
16. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the spine portion is an approximately rectangular shaped block.
17. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the spine portion includes a fibreglass and resin layer between the top and/or bottom foam portion or portions and the spine portion.
18. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the device further includes a toughened outer layer coating enclosing the top portion, bottom portion, central layer and spine portion.
19. The flotation device as claimed in any one of the above claims wherein the device is a Received at IPONZ 17 October 2012 surfboard.
20. A method of manufacturing a flotation device blank by the steps of: (a) preparing a sandwich structure with a top low density foam portion, a central portion made from a high density foam, a bottom low density portion, at least one spine portion located along a portion of the blank length and a fibreglass and resin layer located between the top portion, spine portion and the bottom portion and the central layer; (b) vacuum compressing the sandwich structure; (c) shaping the resulting sandwich structure to the desired contours thereby forming a flotation device blank.
21. The method as claimed in claim 20 wherein a toughened outer layer coating encloses the blank to form a flotation device.
22. The method as claimed in claim 20 or claim 21 wherein the spine portion is seated on the central layer and protrudes into the top foam portion.
23. The method as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 22 wherein the spine is manufactured from a high density foam.
24. The method as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 23 wherein the flotation device is a surfboard. Paul Barron By his attorneys CreateIP Per:
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ601398A NZ601398B (en) | 2012-07-23 | Improved Floatation Device | |
US13/931,713 US9216801B2 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-06-28 | Floatation device |
AU2013293642A AU2013293642B2 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-16 | Improved floatation device |
PCT/NZ2013/000126 WO2014017924A1 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-16 | Improved floatation device |
US14/975,335 US9623939B2 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2015-12-18 | Floatation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ601398A NZ601398B (en) | 2012-07-23 | Improved Floatation Device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ601398A NZ601398A (en) | 2013-01-25 |
NZ601398B true NZ601398B (en) | 2013-04-30 |
Family
ID=
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9623939B2 (en) | Floatation device | |
JP5162452B2 (en) | Surfboard with honeycomb core | |
US8662947B2 (en) | Flotation devices | |
US20040198112A1 (en) | Aquatic gliding board | |
US7662006B2 (en) | Shaped inflatable water sports board | |
US9045201B1 (en) | Cork watersports board | |
US20080032575A1 (en) | Impact resistant surfboard | |
US6059307A (en) | Skateboard deck and method for making the same | |
ES2908258T3 (en) | An upgraded foam blank | |
US6800006B1 (en) | Surfboard construction having a hollow composite body | |
AU743719B2 (en) | Surf riding craft | |
NZ601398B (en) | Improved Floatation Device | |
AU2018264099B2 (en) | A personal riding board for aquatic sporting activities | |
US7435150B2 (en) | Internal rib and spine reinforcement system for a hollow surfboard | |
US20180148141A1 (en) | Sportsboard Stiffening System | |
US20170240253A1 (en) | Variable-rocker surfboard | |
JP2006247366A (en) | Surfboard | |
US20180290715A1 (en) | Structural waterproof film and uses thereof | |
US9738356B2 (en) | Surfboard with an improved stringer | |
JP7182278B2 (en) | Surfboards and blank materials for their processing | |
US10472025B2 (en) | Multi-density core surfboard blank and method of making | |
AU2012203960B2 (en) | Surfboard having a honeycomb core | |
US20060270288A1 (en) | Soft and Safe rail wrap technology for Surfboards | |
BG4637U1 (en) | SURFBOARD | |
WO2017219058A1 (en) | Board arrangement and method therefor |