NZ539622A - Method for improving the surface hardness of a wooden body using an aqueous solution of an impregnating agent - Google Patents
Method for improving the surface hardness of a wooden body using an aqueous solution of an impregnating agentInfo
- Publication number
- NZ539622A NZ539622A NZ539622A NZ53962203A NZ539622A NZ 539622 A NZ539622 A NZ 539622A NZ 539622 A NZ539622 A NZ 539622A NZ 53962203 A NZ53962203 A NZ 53962203A NZ 539622 A NZ539622 A NZ 539622A
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- wood
- mixtures
- wood body
- catalyst
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- ZEYUSQVGRCPBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound OCN1C(O)C(O)N(CO)C1=O ZEYUSQVGRCPBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical group OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical group CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical group CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical group CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical group CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 tetrafluoroborates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010876 untreated wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- WVJOGYWFVNTSAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylol ethylene urea Chemical compound OCN1CCN(CO)C1=O WVJOGYWFVNTSAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UUGLSEIATNSHRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4,6-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-3a,6a-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5-dione Chemical compound OCN1C(=O)N(CO)C2C1N(CO)C(=O)N2CO UUGLSEIATNSHRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XKALZGSIEJZJCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(methoxymethyl)urea Chemical compound COCNC(=O)NCOC XKALZGSIEJZJCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CLAHOZSYMRNIPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NCCO CLAHOZSYMRNIPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LGJMYGMNWHYGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1C(O)C(O)N(C)C1=O LGJMYGMNWHYGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical class [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 241001070947 Fagus Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IQDKUTQPYBHPJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-diazinan-2-one Chemical compound OCN1CCCN(CO)C1=O IQDKUTQPYBHPJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- BGXRJLLPQWKPIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethylurea Chemical compound COC(OC)NC(N)=O BGXRJLLPQWKPIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002194 fatty esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
- B27K3/156—Combined with grafting onto wood fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/346—Grafting onto wood fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method for producing a wooden body having an enhanced surface hardness is disclosed, wherein an untreated wooden body is impregnated with an aqueous solution of (A) an impregnating agent consisting of a 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one modified by a C1-5 alcohol, a polyol or the mixtures thereof, and (B) a catalyst from the group of ammonium salts or metal salts, organic or inorganic acids or the mixtures thereof. Said wooden body is then dried and hardened at a high temperature.
Description
New Zealand Paient Spedficaiion for Paient Number 539622
pf 54919
3 5 6 2 2
Method for improving the surface hardness of a wooden body using an aqueous solution of an impregnating agent
Description
The invention relates to a process for the production of a wood body having increased surface hardness and low formaldehyde emission, characterized in that an untreated wood body is impregnated with an aqueous solution of
A) an impregnating agent consisting of a 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-
dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one modified with a C^-alcohol, a polyol or mixtures thereof, and
B) a catalyst from the group consisting of ammonium or metal salts, organic or inorganic acids or mixtures thereof,
dried and then cured at elevated temperature.
A wood body is understood as meaning a shaped body of solid wood, including veneers. From the wood body and the impregnating agent, it is intended to form, so to speak, a composite material in which the positive properties of the natural material wood, in particular the appearance, are retained but one or more physical properties 20 are substantially improved. This relates in particular to the surface hardness.
From the publication "Treatment of timber with water soluble dimethylol resins to improve the dimensional stability and durability", in Wood Science and Technology 1993, pages 347-355, it is known that the shrinkage and swelling properties of wood 25 and the resistance to fungi and insects can be improved by treating the wood with an impregnating agent which consists of an aqueous solution of dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU or 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one) and a catalyst. Catalysts used are metal salts, citric acid and amine salts, individually or in combination. The DMDHEU is used in the aqueous 30 solution in concentrations of from 5% to 20%. The added amount of catalyst is 20%, based on the DMDHEU. The impregnation is effected under reduced pressure. At elevated temperature, a reaction of the DMDHEU with itself and with the wood takes place. This reaction takes place in the course of one hour in a drying oven at temperatures of 80°C or 100°C. The wood samples thus treated exhibit an 35 improvement of up to 75% in the shrinkage and swelling properties, and do so at
DMDHEU concentrations of 20%. Wood bodies having dimensions of 20 mm x 20 mm x 10 mm were investigated in this manner. The process described can be used only in the case of small dimensions of the wood bodies because the timbers treated tend to crack in the case of larger dimensions.
40
From the publication by W. D. Ellis, J. L. O'Dell, "Wood-Polymer Composites Made with Acrylic Monomers, Isocyanate and Maleic Anhydride", published in Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 73, pages 2493-2505 (1999), it is known that natural wood can
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFflCt" IF N.Z.
2 6 APR 2005
PF 54919
2
be treated with a mixture of acryiates, isocyanate and maleic anhydride under reduced pressure. The substances used react with themselves but not with the wood. By means of such an impregnation, the density, the hardness and the resistance to water vapor diffusion increase. Furthermore, the water repellency and the dimensional stability of 5 the wood are improved.
EP-B 0 891 244 discloses the impregnation of wood bodies of solid wood with a biodegradable polymer, a natural resin and/or a fatty ester - if appropriate with the application of reduced pressure and/or superatmospheric pressure. The impregnation 10 is effected at elevated temperatures. The pores in the wood are at least substantially filled, and a shaped body which contains both wood and biodegradable polymer forms. A reaction of the polymer with the wood does not take place. The characteristic properties of wood, the biodegradability and the mechanical properties are not lost with this treatment. The thermoplasticity can be increased. Depending on the proportion of 15 polymer introduced, there is an increase in the surface hardness due to the incorporation of the polymer into the wood matrix, so that timbers naturally soft are also suitable for high-quality floors.
SE-C 500 039 describes a process for hardening wood with compression, in which 20 untreated wood is impregnated with various aminoplast monomers based on melamine and formaldehyde by means of vacuum pressure impregnation, then dried, and hardened in a press with compression at elevated temperature. Inter alia, DMDHEU, dimethylolurea, dimethoxymethylurea, dimethylolethyleneurea,
dimethylolpropyleneurea and dimethoxymethylurone are mentioned as crosslinking 25 agents.
This process has the disadvantage that the natural wood structure is lost as a result of the compression, and the formaldehyde emission of the completed wood body is relatively high, depending on the crosslinking agent used.
It was the object of the invention to provide a process for improving the surface hardness of a wood body also with relatively large dimensions, which process does not have the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular does not lead to cracking in the wood, leads to low formaldehyde emissions in the wood body and gives wood bodies in which the natural wood structure is preserved, or at least to provide a useful choice. 35 This results in various advantageous potential applications for the wood body, in particular use as parquet.
The object of the invention was achieved, according to the invention, by the process described at the outset.
40
A suitable impregnating agent A) for wood bodies is a 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one modified with a C^-alcohol, a polyol or mixtures thereof.
intellectual property offlut of nz
2 1 DEC 2006
PF 54919
3
Modified 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one (mDMDHEU) is disclosed, for example, in US 4,396,391 and WO 98/29393. These are reaction products of 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one with a Cvs-alcohol, a polyol or mixtures thereof.
Suitable Ci.5-alcohols are, for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and n-pentanol, methanol being preferred.
Suitable polyols are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol of the formula H0(CH2CH20)nH, where n is from 3 to 20, diethylene glycol being preferred.
For modification of the 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one (mDMDHEU), DMDHEU and the monohydric alcohol and/or the polyol are mixed, the monohydric alcohol and/or the polyol each being used in an amount of from 0.1 to 2.0 mole equivalents, based on DMDHEU. The mixture of DMDHEU, monohydric 15 alcohol and/or polyol is reacted at temperatures of from 20 to 70°C and a pH of from 1 to 2.5, the pH being brought to 4 to 8 after the reaction.
Suitable impregnating agents (C) are 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one, 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one, dimethylolurea, 20 bis(methoxymethyl)urea, tetramethylolacetylenediurea, 1,3-
bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-2-one, methylolmethylurea or mixtures thereof. 1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one is preferred.
Suitable impregnating agents D) are Ci.5-alcohols, polyols or mixtures thereof, such as, 25 for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol,
ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycols of the formula H0(CH2CH20)nH, where n is from 3 to 20, or mixtures thereof.
Methanol, diethylene glycol or mixtures thereof are preferred.
The impregnating agent A) and, if appropriate, C) and D) are used in a concentration of from 1 to 60% by weight, preferably from 10 to 50% by weight, based on the aqueous solution of the impregnating agent, wherein said concentration relates individually to 35 each of the impregnating agents A), C) and D).
If the impregnating agent C) is concomitantly used, from 1 to 60% by weight, based on the impregnating agent A), is preferred.
40 If the impregnating agent D) is concomitantly used, from 1 to 40% by weight, based on the impregnating agent A), is preferred.
intellectual property office of ni.
21 DEC 2006
PF 54919
4
Suitable catalysts B) are metal salts from the group consisting of metal halides, metal sulfates, metal nitrates, metal tetrafluoroborates, metal phosphates or mixtures thereof. Examples are magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, zinc nitrate, 5 sodium tetrafluoroborate or mixtures thereof.
Suitable catalysts B) are also ammonium salts from the group consisting of ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium oxalate, diammonium phosphate or mixtures thereof.
Further suitable catalysts B) are organic or inorganic acids. Suitable examples are 10 maleic acid, formic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, p-toluenesuifonic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid or mixtures thereof.
Magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate are preferably used.
Magnesium chloride is particularly preferred.
The catalyst B) is used in a concentration of from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 8% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.3 to 5% by weight, based on the impregnating agent A) and, if appropriate, C) and D).
In the process of the present invention, the impregnation can be carried out under the action of reduced pressure with subsequent action of superatmospheric pressure. The wood body is subjected to a reduced pressure of from 10 to 100 mbar for a period of from 10 minutes to 2 hours, preferably about 30 min, depending on the dimensions of the wood body and then flooded with the impregnating agent in an impregnating unit. A 25 reduced pressure of about 50 mbar for about one hour has proven advantageous. Alternatively, however, the wood body can also first be flooded with the impregnating agent in the impregnating unit and then subjected to a reduced pressure of from 10 to 100 mbar for the abovementioned period.
Pressures of from 2 to 20 bar, preferably from 10 to 12 bar, are then applied, 30 depending on the dimensions of the wood body, over a period of from 10 minutes to 2 hours, preferably about one hour. The vacuum pressure process is particularly expedient in combination with high proportions by weight of the impregnating agent.
After the pressure phase, the residual liquid is removed and the impregnated wood 35 body is fixed and is predried at a temperature of from 20°C to 40°C. Predrying means that the wood body is dried below the fiber saturation point, which, depending on the type of wood, is about 30% by weight. This predrying counteracts the danger of cracking. In the case of wood bodies of small size, for example veneers, the predrying can be dispensed with. In the case of wood bodies having larger dimensions, however, 40 the predrying is always expedient.
intellectual m0pekty office of n2.
2 6 APR 2005 WEC£WE»
PF 54919
The impregnating agent introduced into the wood is caused to react with itself and with the wood preferably with application of a temperature of from about 70°C to 170°C, preferably from 80°C to 150°C, over a period of from 10 min to 72 hours. The reaction of the impregnating agent may take place in particular at about 120°C for a duration of 5 about 12 hours. Consequently, not only are the pores in the wood filled with the impregnating agent, but crosslinking between impregnating agent and the wood itself occurs. In the case of veneers, higher temperatures and shorter times can more easily be used.
By means of the novel process, so to speak, a novel material is produced, in which the proportion of wood to the proportion of the impregnating agent is of the order of magnitude of about 1 : 0.3 to 1. The weight of the novel material is greater than the weight of the untreated wood by about 30% to 100%. The material has useful improved technical properties which can be used in practice and yet the appealing appearance of 15 wood. The surface hardness is increased about 2- to 3-fold. Brinell hardnesses in the range from 80 to 100 N/mm2 are achievable, for example, in the case of beech,
whereas untreated beech has a Brinell hardness of about 30 to 37 N/mm2. In addition, the formaldehyde emissions compared with wood which was crosslinked with conventional urea/formaldehyde resins are considerably reduced, which is of interest 20 especially for interior use. Thus, new fields of use, in particular the entire wood parquet sector, have been opened up. A material which is easy to care for, long-lasting and usable in high load classes is provided. Furthermore, the susceptibility to changing climatic conditions, in particular humidity, is reduced.
In a particular embodiment, the impregnated and predried wood body is held firmly by means of a heatable press for fixing. It is thus possible in a simple manner to counteract the warping of the wood body and at the same time to carry out the hardening process of the impregnating agent. Here, a relatively low pressure is employed so that the surface structure of the wood body is preserved.
Use example 1
According to this use example, the top layers of a complete parquet were treated. The top layers may consist of beech, and other impregnated wood types are also possible. The process steps are possible in a similar manner also for the production of a one-35 layer parquet, or floorboards and also from other wood types.
1.) A 50% strength aqueous solution of a DMDHEU modified with diethylene glycol and methanol (mDMDHEU) was mixed with 1.5% of MgCI2 • 6 H2O..The saw-rough lamellae of the top layer which were dried to about 12% wood moisture content were 40 introduced into an impregnating unit. The impregnating unit was subjected to a reduced pressure of 100 mbar absolute for 30 minutes and then flooded with the impregnating intellectual pmpsfly •ffice ofnz
2 6 APR 2005 RECEIVED
PF 54919
6
agent. A pressure of 10 bar was then applied for one hour. The pressure phase was terminated and the residual liquid was removed.
2.) The impregnated lamellae of the top layer were fixed in stacks so that warping was 5 made impossible. The lamellae were dried for about 7 days at a temperature of 40°C.
The reaction between the wood and the impregnating agent to give the composite material was effected by introducing the lamellae into a heatable press. The press was heated to 130°C and the lamellae were pressed at 0.9 N/mm2. The duration of the 10 action of the temperature was dependent on the type of wood and the dimensions of the lamellae. In the case of from 4 to 5 mm thick lamellae, the reaction time was about 1 hour.
After the lamellae have cooled, they can be further processed in the same way as untreated lamellae. The lamellae had the dimensions 500 mm x 100 m x 4 mm.
Formaldehyde content:
The formaldehyde content of the timbers was measured by the bottle method based on EN 717 Part 4.
Table 1
Wood
Treatment
Formaldehyde content
Improvement
Beech lamellae
% DMDHEU; 1.5% MgCI2 ■ 6 H20
28.27*
Beech lamellae
% mDMDHEU; 1.5% MgCI2 ■ 6 H20
9.69*
66%
* The concentra tion is stated in mg of formaldehyde per 100 g of wood.
The wood bodies treated with modified DMDHEU had a very greatly reduced formaldehyde content compared with the wood bodies treated with conventional 25 DMDHEU.
Wood
Brinell hardness
Improvement
Untreated
N/mm'
Treated
73 N/mm*
109%
The surface hardness was very greatly increased by this process. The measurement was effected on the basis of EN 1534.
intellectual pfwpbty office of nx
2 6 APR 2005 RECEIVED
PF 54919
7
Use example 2
The aim of this use example is to produce a solid pinewood panel which is assembled from lamellae having dimensions of 500 mm x 30 mm x 30 mm.
A DMDHEU modified with diethylene glycol and methanol (mDMDHEU) was diluted to 5 30% by weight with water and mixed with 1.5% by weight of MgCI2 ■ 6 H20. The saw-rough lamellae dried to about 12% wood moisture content were introduced into an impregnating unit, flooded with the impregnating agent and subjected for 30 minutes to a reduced pressure of 40 mbar absolute. A pressure of 10 bar was then applied for 2 hours. The pressure phase was terminated and the residual liquid was removed. 10 The lamellae were dried by fixing them in stacks so that warping was made impossible. Drying over a period of 15 days at room temperature was effected. It is also possible to use a conventional drying chamber and elevated temperature in order to shorten the predrying time.
The lamellae were heated to about 105°C under circulated air while maintaining their 15 fixing. The duration of action of the temperature is dependent on the type of wood and the dimensions of the lamellae. In the case of 3 cm thick lamellae, the reaction time was 48 hours. After the lamellae have cooled, they can be glued to give the panel in the same way as untreated solid wood parts.
Formaldehyde content:
The formaldehyde content of the timbers was measured by the bottle method based on EN 717 Part 4.
Table 2
Wood
Treatment
Formaldehyde content
Improvement
Pine sapwood lamellae
% DMDHEU; 1.5% MgCI2 • 6 H20
19.11*
j
Pine sapwood lamellae
% mDMDHEU; 1.5% MgCI2 • 6 H20
7.91*
59%
* The concentral tion is stated in mg of formaldehyde per 100 mg of wood.
The wood bodies treated with modified DMDHEU had a very greatly reduced formaldehyde content compared with the wood bodies treated with conventional DMDHEU.
Wood
Brinell hardness
Improvement
Untreated
16 N/mm2
Treated
N/mm2
88%
intellectual property office of n.2.
2 6 APR 2005 RECEIVED
Claims (21)
1. A process for the production of a wood body having increased surface hardness, wherein an untreated wood body is impregnated with an aqueous solution of 5 A) an impregnating agent consisting of a 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5- dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one modified with methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycols of the formula H0(CH2CH20)nH, where n is from 3 to 20 or mixtures 10 thereof, and
B) a catalyst from the group consisting of ammonium or metal salts, organic or inorganic acids or mixtures thereof, dried and then hardened at elevated temperature. 15 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein an impregnating agent C) from the group consisting of 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one, 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one, dimethylolurea, bis(methoxymethyl)urea, tetramethylolacetylenediurea, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)imidazolidin-2-one, methylolmethylurea or mixtures thereof is 20 concomitantly used.
3. The process according to either of claims 1 and 2, wherein an impregnating agent D) from the group consisting of a C^-alcohol, a polyol or mixtures thereof is concomitantly used. 25
4. The process according to claim 3, wherein methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycols of the formula H0(CH2CH20)nH, where n is from 3 to 20, or mixtures 30 thereof are concomitantly used.
5. The process according to claim 4, wherein methanol, diethylene glycol or a mixture thereof is concomitantly used. 35
6. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the impregnating agents A) and, if appropriate, C) and D) are used in a concentration of from 1 to 60% by weight in the aqueous solution, wherein said concentration relates individually to each of the impregnating agents A), C) and D).. 40
7. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein metal salts from the group consisting of metal halides, metal sulfates, metal nitrates, metal tetrafluoroborates, metal phosphates or mixtures thereof are used as catalyst B). PF 54919 10 10 15
8. The process according to claim 7, wherein metal salts from the group consisting of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, boron trifluoride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, zinc nitrate, sodium tetrafluoroborate or mixtures thereof are used as catalyst B).
9. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein ammonium salts from the group consisting of ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium oxalate, diammonium phosphate or mixtures thereof are used as catalyst B).
10. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein organic or inorganic acids from the group consisting of maleic acid, formic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid or mixtures thereof are used as catalyst B).
11. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein magnesium chloride is used as catalyst B).
12. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the catalyst B) is 20 used in a concentration of from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the amount of the impregnating agent A) and, if appropriate, C) and D).
13. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the impregnated wood body is dried at a temperature of from 20 to 60°C. 25
14. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the impregnated and dried wood body is hardened at a temperature of from 80 to 170°C.
15. The process according to claim 14, wherein the impregnated and dried wood 30 body is hardened at a temperature of from 90 to 150°C.
16. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the impregnated and dried wood body is hardened over a period of from 10 min to 72 hours. 35
17. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, after the impregnation and drying, the wood body is fixed so that a change in the shape of the wood body during the hardening is counteracted.
18. The process according to claim 17, wherein the wood body is fixed in a heatable 40 press. intellectual property office 0FN2. 2 1 DEC 2006 RECEIVED PF 54919 11
19. A wood body having increased durability, dimensional stability and surface hardness, obtained by a process according to any one of claims 1 to 18.
20. A process according to claim 1 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
21. A wood body according to claim 19 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE 0FN2. 2 1 DEC 2006 RECEIVED
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20246400 | 2002-10-04 | ||
| PCT/EP2003/010875 WO2004033171A1 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2003-10-01 | Method for improving the surface hardness of a wooden body using an aqueous solution of an impregnating agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ539622A true NZ539622A (en) | 2007-02-23 |
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ID=37890942
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NZ539622A NZ539622A (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2003-10-01 | Method for improving the surface hardness of a wooden body using an aqueous solution of an impregnating agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NZ (1) | NZ539622A (en) |
-
2003
- 2003-10-01 NZ NZ539622A patent/NZ539622A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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