NZ250780A

NZ250780A - Enzyme-containing, gelled, automatic dishwashing detergent composition

Info

Publication number: NZ250780A
Application number: NZ25078094A
Authority: NZ
Inventors: Patrick Durbut; Divaker Kenkare; Nagaraj S Dixit
Original assignee: Colgate Palmolive Co
Priority date: 1993-02-08
Filing date: 1994-01-28
Publication date: 1995-04-27
Also published as: CA2114893A1; AU5399494A; EP0611206A3; AU667600B2; EP0611206A2

Description

<div class="application article clearfix" id="description"> 250 —i | Priori''/ D.A0 8 Complete Cpc-jCm"'• •• ci\fioWsf- Class: ; .. ;1; publication Dste: P.O. Journal, No: 7 APR 1995 1^3.1.. •<, v t'i 'r ■- o >K a v • ^ 1 0 \ <?'V n.l \ 2S JAN 7994 7 ~ - p»v v-. * "r PATENTS FORM 5 Number PATENTS ACT 1953 Dated COMPLETE SPECIFICATION NONAQUEOUS GELLED AUTOMATIC DISHWASHING COMPOSITION CONTAINING ENZYMES We, COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY of 300 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022, • United States of America, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, United States of America do hereby declare the invention for which I/we pray that a Patent may be granted to me/us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement. T * 7 Q A 10 15 20 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It has been found to be very useful to have enzymes in-dishwashing detergent compositions because enzymes are very effective in removing food soils from the surface of glasses, 30 dishes, pots, pans and eating utensils. The enzymes attack these materials while other components of the detergent will effect other aspects of the cleaning action. However, in order• ? f5 0 7 o a for the enzymes to be highly effective, the composition must be chemically stable, and it must maintain an effective activity at the operating temperature of the automatic dishwasher. Chemical stability is the property whereby the detergent composition 5 containing enzymes does not undergo any significant degradation during storage. This is also known as shelf life. Activity is the property of maintaining enzyme activity during usage. From the time that a detergent is packaged until it is used by the customer, it must remain stable. Furthermore, during customer 10 usage of the dishwashing detergent, it must retain its activity. Unless the enzymes in the detergent are maintained in a suitable environment, the enzymes will suffer a degradation during storage which will result in a product that will have a decreased initial activity. When enzymes are a part of the 15 detergent composition, it has been found that the initial free water content of the composition should be as low a level as possible, and this low water content must be maintained during storage, since water will activate the enzymes. This activation will cause a decrease in the initial activity of the detergent 20 composition. After the detergent container is opened, the detergent will be exposed to the environment which contains moisture. During each instance that the detergent is exposed to the environment it could possibly absorb some moisture. This absorption occurs 25 by components of the"detergent composition absorbing moisture, when in contact with the atmosphere. This effect is increased as the container is emptied since there will be a greater volume of air in contact with the detergent, and thus more available moisture to be absorbed by the detergent composition. This will 30 usually accelerate the decrease in the activity of the detergent composition. The most efficient way to prevent a significant decrease in this activity is to start with an initial high 25 0 7 Pn ^^activity of enzyme and to use components in the dishwashing composition which have a low hygroscopicity ana a low alkalinity which will minimize any losses in activity as the detergent is being stored or used. 5 The stability of enzymes in a nonaqueous liquid detergent can be improved by using an alkali metal silicate which has an alkali metal oxide: Xi02 weight ratio greater than 1:1 and of about 1:2 to about 1:34. In addition, the individual components of the detergent composition should each have an initial free 10 water content (unbounded water at 100°C) of less than about 10 percent by weight, more preferably less than about 9 percent by weight, and most preferably less than 8 percent by weight. During manufacture the detergent composition may take-up moisture from the atmosphere. As a result, the moisture content 15 of the detergent composition as it is being packaged may be greater than about 1 percent by weight, preferably less than about 4 percent by weight and most preferably less than about 3 percent by weight. Nonaqueous liquid dishwasher detergent compositions which 20 contain enzymes can be made more stable and to have a high activity, if the initial free water content of the detergent composition less than about 6 percent by weight, more preferably less than about 4 percent by weight and most preferably less than about 3 percent by weight. A key aspect is to keep the 25 water (non-chemically bonded water) in the detergent composition at a minimum. It is critical that water not be added to the composition. Absorbed and adsorbed water are two types of water and comprise the usual free water bound in the detergent composition. Free water will have the affect of deactivating 30 the enzymes. Furthermore, the pH of 1.0 weight % of an aqueous solution of a liquid detergent composition must be less than about 11.0 more preferably less than about 10.8, and most *5 _ 15 0 7 ^ ^^prererably less than about 10.5. This low alkalinity of the dishwashing detergent will also increase the stability of the detergent composition which contains a mixture of enzymes, -hereby providing a higher initial activity of the mixture of 5 the enzymes and the maintenance of this initial high activity. The free water content of the dishwashing detergent compositions of the instant invention can be controlled to a large extent by using components that have a low initial water content and a low hygroscopicity. The individual components of 10 the instant composition should have a water content of less than about 10 percent by weig"ht, more preferably less than about 9 percent by weight, and most preferably less than about 8 percent by weight. In addition, the organic components of the dishwashing detergent composition should have low hydroxyl group 15 content to decrease the hydrogen bonding absorption of water. In place of the carrier such as ethylene glycols or glycerols, relatively low hydroxyl content-anhydrous organics such as alcohol ethers and polyalkvlene glycols can be used. In place of polyacid suspending agents normally used in liquid automatic 20 dishwashing detergent compositions such as polyacrylic acid or salts of polyacrylic acids, there should be used polyacid/acid anhydride copolymers such as polyacrylic acid/acid anhydride copolymers. Maleic anhydride is a suitable acid anhydride. The net result is a decreased hydroxyl group content which 25 translates to a decreased hygroscopicity of the detergent composition which helps maintain the stability and the activity. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 30 This invention is directed to producing a gelled enzyme containing automatic dishwashing detergent compositions which have an increased chemical stability and essentially a constant activitv of enzvme at wash operating temperatures of about 100'F 4 95 0 7 Bf) ^^10 about 140'F ar.d improved rheological properties. These properties are accomplished by controlling the viscosity in a jei form, the alkalinity ana the hygroscopicity of the detergent jomposition and using a novel mixture of enzymes. An alkali 5 ::.etal silicate is used in the dishwashing detergent compositions which may have a free water content of less than about 6 percent by weight, more preferably less than about 4 percent by weight, and most preferably less than about 3 percent by weight throughout its usage. The Na20:SiC>2 ratio can exceed 1:3.22 but 10 should not be lower than 1:2. In order to achieve this low free water content, the water content of each of the detergent components should be less than about 10 percent by weight, more preferably less than about 8 percent by weight, and most preferably less than about 6 percent by weight. Furthermore, 15 each of the organic components should have a low hydroxyl group content in order to decrease the potential amount of hydrogen bonded water in the composition. Conventional automatic dishwashing compositions are usually suspensions containing a low foaming surface-active agent, a 20 carrier solvent which is usually water, a chlorine bleach, alkaline builder materials, and usually minor ingredients and additives. The incorporation of chlorine bleach requires special processing and storage precautions to protect composition components which are subject to deterioration upon 25 direct contact with the active chlorine. The stability of the chlorine bleach is also critical and raises additional processing and storage difficulties. In addition, it is known that automatic dishwasher detergent compositions may tarnish silverware and damage metal trim on china as a result of the 30 presence of a chlorine-containing bleach therein. Accordingly, there is a standing desire to formulate detergent compositions for use in automatic dishwashing operations which are free of 5 25 0 7Q * active chlorine and which are capable of providing overall hard surface cleaning and appearance benefits comparable to or better chan active chlorine-containing detergent compositions. This reformulation is particularly delicate in the context of 5 automatic dishwashing operations, since during those operations, the active chlorine prevents the formation and/or deposition of troublesome protein and protein-grease complexes on the hard dish surfaces. No surfactant system currently known is capable of adequately performing this function. 10 Various attempts have been made to formulate bleach-free low foaming detergent compositions for automatic dishwashing machines, containing particular low foaming nonionics, builders, filler materials and enzymes. US Patent 3,472,783 to Smille recognized that degradation can occur when an enzyme is added to 15 a highly alkaline automatic dishwashing detergent. French Patent No. 2,102,851 to Colgate-Palmolive, pertains to rinsing and washing compositions for use in automatic dishv/ashers. The compositions disclosed have a pH of 6 to 7 and contain an amylolytic and, if desired, a proteolytic enzyme, 20 -which have been prepared in a special manner from animal pancreas and which exhibit a desirable activity at a pH in the range of 6 to 7. German Patent No. 2,038,103 to Henkel & Co. relates to aqueous liquid or pasty cleaning compositions containing phosphate salts, enzymes and an enzyme stabilizing 25 compound. US Patentr No. 3,799,879 to Francke et al, teaches a detergent composition for cleaning dishes, with a pH of from 7 to 9 containing an amylolytic enzyme, and in addition, optionally a proteolytic enzyme. US Patent 4,101,457 to Place et al teaches the use of a 30 proteolytic enzyme having a maximum activity at a pH of 12 in an automatic dishwashing detergent. 6 2 5 0 7 P o US Patent 4,162,987 to Maguire et al teaches a granular or liquid automatic dishwashing detergent which uses a proteolytic -nzyme having a maximum activity at a pH of 12 as well as an amylolytic enzyme having a maximum activity at a pH of 8. 5 US Patent Mo 3,327,938 to Aunstrup et al, discloses specific proteolytic enzymes which exhibit high enzymatic activities in highly alkaline systems. Similar disclosures are found in British Patent Specification No. 1,361,386, to Novo Terapeutisk Laboratorium A/S. British Patent Specification No. 10 1,296,839, to Novo Terapeutisk Laboratorium A/S, discloses specific amylolytic enzymes which exhibit a high degree of enzymatic activity in alkaline systems. Thus, while the prior art clearly recognizes the disadvantages of using aggressive chlorine bleaches in automatic 13 dishwashing operations and also suggests bleach-free compositions made by leaving out the bleach component, said art disclosures are silent how to formulate an effective gelled bleach-free automatic dishwashing compositions having improved rheological properties which is capable of providing superior 20 performance at low alkalinity levels during conventional use. US Patent Nos. 3,840,480; 4,568,476; 3,821,118 and 4,501,681 teach the use of enzymes in automatic dishwashing detergents. The aforementioned prior art fails to provide a gelled 25 automatic dishwashing detergent which contains a mixture of enzymes for the simultaneous degradation of both proteins and starches, wherein the combination of enzymes have a maximum activity at a pH of less than about 11.0 and the gelled automatic dishwashing detergent has optimized cleaning 30 performance in a temperature range of about 100'F to about 140'F. n / 25 0 7 P n It is an object of this invention to incorporate a unique enzyme mixture of proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes m dishwasher detergent compositions which can be used in automatic dishwashing operations capable of providing performance at 5 operating temperatures of about 100'F to about 140'F as to a bleach containing compositions as well as provide compositions m a gel state which have improved rheological properties. Both protein soils and carbohydrate soils are extremely difficult to remove form dishware. The use of bleach in 10 automatic dishwashing compositions helps in the removal of protein soils and high alkalinity of these automatic dishwashing compositions helps in the removal of carbohydrate soils, but even with bleach and high alkalinity these protein and carbohydrate soils are not completely removed. The use of a 15 protease enzyme in the automatic dishwashing compositions improves the removal of protein soils such as egg and milk from dishware and the use of an amylase enzyme improves the removal of carbohydrate soils such as starch from dishware. Brief Description of the Drawings 20 Figure 1 illustrates a graph of a percent of egg removal at various water and temperature conditions for Protein Engineered Maxacal 4 2 (Maxapem 42) enzyme versus wash temperature of cleaning at a pH of 9.1. 25 Figure 2 illustrates a graph of a percent of egg removal at various water and temperature conditions for Maxatase enzyme versus wash temperature of cleaning at a pH of 8.8. 30 Figure 3 illustrates* a graph of a percent of egg removal at various water and temperature conditions for Maxacal enzyme versus wash temperature of cleaning at a pH of 9.1. Figure 4 illustrates a graph of a percent of egg removal at 35 various v/ater and temperature conditions for a combination of Maxatase and Protein Engineered Maxacal 42 (Maxapem 42) enzymes versus wash temperature of cleaning at a pH of 9.1. Figure 5 illustrates a graph of a percent of egg removal at 40 various water and temperature conditions for Maxatase enzyme versus wash temperature of cleaning at a pH of 9.1 8 25 0 ?q n DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention relates to a gelled automatic 5 dishwashing detergent compositions which comprise a nonionic surfactant, a nonaqueous liquid carrier, an alkali metal silicate, a metal inorganic builder salt, a gelling agent and a mixture of an amylase enzyme and at least one protease enzyme and, optionally, a foam depressant, and a lipase enzyme, wherein 10 the gelled automatic dishwashing detergent composition has a pH of less than about 10.5 and the dishwashing detergent composition exhibits maximum cleaning efficiency for both proteins and starches at a wash temperature of about 100"F to about 140'F. 15 The liquid nonionic surfactants that can be, optionally, used in the present gelled automatic dishwasher detergent compositions are well known. A wide variety of the these surfactants can be used. The nonionic synthetic organic detergents are generally 20 described as ethoxylatea propoxyiated fatty alcohols which are low-foaming surfactants and are possibly capped, characterized by the presence of an organic hydrophobic group and an organic hydrophilic group and are typically produced by the condensation of an organic aliphatic or alkyl aromatic hydrophobic compound 25 with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide. Practically any hydrophobic compound., having a carboxyl, hydroxy and amido or amino group with a free hydrogen attached to the nitrogen can be condensed with ethylene oxide or with the polyhydration product thereof, polyethylene glycol, to form a nonionic detergent. "The 30 length of the hydrophilic or polyoxy ethylene/propylene chain can be readily adjusted to achieve the desired balance between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. Typical suitable Q ? 5 0 7 Q f\ nonionic surfactants are those disclosed in US Patent Nos. 4,216,312 ana 2,630,929. Preferably, the nonionic detergents that are used are the low foaming poly-lower alkoxylated lipophiles, wherein the 5 desired hydrophile-lipophile balance is obtained from addition of a hydrophilic poly-lower alkoxy group to a lipophilic moiety. A preferred class of the nonionic detergent employed is the poly-lov/er alkoxylated higher alkanol wherein the alkanol has about 9 to about 18 carbon atoms and wherein the number of moles 10 of lower alkylene oxide (of 2 or 3 carbon atoms) is from about 3 to about 15. Of such materials it is preferred to employ those v;nerein the higher alkanol is a high fatty alcohol having about } to about 11 cr about 12 to about 15 carbon atoms and which contain from about 5 to about 8 or about 5 to about 9 lower 15 alkoxy groups per mole. Preferably, the lower alkoxy is ethoxv but in some instances, it may be desirably mixed with propoxy, the latter, if present, usually being minor (no more than 50%) portion. Exemplary of such compounds are those wherein the alkanol has about 12 to about 15 carbon atoms and which contain 20 ~ ethylene oxide groups per mole. Useful nonionics are represented by the low foaming Piurafac series from BASF Chemical Company which are the reaction product of a higher linear alcohol and a mixture of ethylene and propylene oxides, containing a mixed chain of 25 ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, terminated by a hydroxyl group. Examples include Product A (a C13-C15 fatty alcohol condensed with 6 moles ethylene oxide and 3 moles propylene oxide) , Product B (a C2.3-C15 fatty alcohol condensed with 7 mole propylene oxide and 4 mole ethylene oxide), and Product C (a 30 C]_3~C]_5 fatty alcohol condensed with 5 moles propylene oxide and 10 moles ethylene oxide). A particularly good surfactant is Piurafac 132 which is a capped nonionic surfactant. Another 10 ^^group of low foam liquid nonionics are available from Shell Chemical Company, Inc. under the Dobanol trademark: Dobanol 91-5 is an ethoxylated Cq-C]_]_ fatty alcohol with an average of 5 rr.oies ethylene oxide and Dobanol 25-7 is an ethoxylated Cj_2~C]_5 5 fatty alcohol with an average of 7 moles ethylene oxide. Another liquid nonionic surfactant that can be used is sold under the tradename Lutensol SC 9713. Synperonic nonionic surfactants such as Synperonic LF D25 are especially preferred nonionic surfactants that can be used 10 m the nonaqueous liquid automatic dishwasher detergent compositions of the instant invention. Other useful nonionic surfactants are Synperonic RA 30, Synperonic RA 40 and Synperonic RA 3 40. The Synperonic surfactants are especially preferred because they are biodegradable and low foaming. 15 Poly-Tergent nonionic surfactants from Olin Organic Chemicals such as Poly-Tergent SLF-18, a biodegradable, low-foaming surfactant is specially preferred for the powdered automatic dishwasher detergent compositions of this instant invention. Poly-Tergent SLF-18, a water dispersible, having a 20 low cloud point has lower surface tension and lower foaming is very suitable for automatic dishwasher detergent. Other useful surfactants are Neodol 25-7 and Neodol 23-6.5, which products are made by Shell Chemical Company, Inc. The former is a condensation product of a mixture of higher fatty 25 alcohols averaging 12 to 13 carbon atoms and the number of ethylene oxide groups present averages 6.5. The higher alcohols are primary alkanols. Other examples of such detergents include Tergitol 15-S-7 and Tergitol 15-S-9 (registered trademarks),, both of which are linear secondary alcohol ethoxylates made by 30 Union Carbide Corp. The former is mixed ethoxylation product having about 11 to about 15 carbon atoms linear secondary alkanol with seven moles of ethylene oxide ana the latter is a 11 sc5 <*• ^ similar produce but with nine moles of ethylene oxide being reacted. Another useful surfactant is Tergitol MDS-42 a mixed ethoxylation product of 13-15 cations alcohols with 10 moles of ED and 5 moles of PO. 5 Also useful in the present compositions as a component of the nonionic detergent are higher molecular weight nonionics, such as Neodol 45-11, which are similar ethylene oxide condensation products of higher fatty alcohols, with the higher fatty alcohol being of about 14 to about 15 carbon atoms and the 10 number of ethylene oxide groups per mole being 11. Such products are also made by Shell Chemical Company. in the preferred poly-lower alkoxylated higher alkanols, to obtain the best balance of hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties the number of lower alkoxies will usually be from about 40% to 15 100"5 of the number of carbon atoms in the higher alcohol, preferably about 40% to about 60% thereof and the nonionic detergent will preferably contain at least about 50% of such preferred poly-lower alkoxy higher alkanol. The alkyl polysaccharides surfactants, which are used alone 20 in conjunction with the aforementioned surfactant and have a hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms, and polysaccharide hydrophilic group containing from about 1.5 to 25 about 10, preferably from about 1.5 to about 4, most preferably from about 1.6 to about 2.7 saccharide units (e.g., galactoside, glucoside, fructoside, glucosyl, fructosyl; and/or galactosyl units). Mixtures of saccharide moieties may be used in the alkyl polysaccharide surfactants. The number x indicates the 30 number of saccharide units in a particular alkyl polysaccharide surfactant. For a particular alkyl polysaccharide molecule x can only assume integral values. In any physical sample of 12 9 * n -f />■ alkyl polysaccharide surfactants there will be in general molecules having different x values. The physical sample can be characterized by the average value of x and this average value can assume non-integral values. In this specification the 5 values of x are to be understood to be average values. The hydrophobic group (R) can be attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4-positions rather than at the 1-position, (thus giving e.g. a glucosyl or galactosyl as opposed to a glucoside or galactoside). However, attachment through the 1-position, i.e., 10 glucosides, galactoside, fructosides, etc., is preferred. In the preferred product the additional saccharide units are predominately attached to the previous saccharide unit's 2-position. Attachment through the 3-, 4-, and 6-positions can also occur. Optionally and less desirably there can be a 15 polyalkoxide chain joining the hydrophobic moiety (R) and the polysaccharide chain. The preferred alkoxide moiety is ethoxide. Typical hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups, either saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched containing from about 8 to about 20, preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbon 20 atoms. Preferably, the alkyl group is a straight chain saturated alkyl group. The alkyl group can contain up to 3 hydroxy groups and/or the polyalkoxide chain can contain up to about 30, preferably less than about 10, alkoxide moieties. Suitable alkyl polysaccharides are decyl, dodecyl, 25 tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactosides, fructosides, fructosyls, lactosyls, glucosyls and/or galactosyls and mixtures thereof. The alkyl monosaccharides are relatively less soluble in 30 water than the higher alkyl polysaccharides. When used in admixture with alkyl polysaccharides, the alkyl monosaccharides are soiubilized to some extent. The use of alkvl 13 r n ■ monosaccharides m admixture with alkyl polysaccharides is a preferred mode of carrying out the invention. Suitable mixtures include coconut alkyl, ai-, tri-, tetra-, and pentaglucosiaes ana tallow alkyl tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides. 5 The preferred alkyl polysaccharides are alkyl polvglucosides having the formula R20(CnH2nO)r(Z)x wherein Z is derived from glucose, R is a hydrophobic group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenvl, 10 hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which said alkyl groups contain from about 10 to about 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3 preferably 2, r is from ■? to 10, preferable 0; and x is from 1.5 to 3, preferably from 1.5 to 4, most preferably from 1.6 to 2.7. To prepare these 15 compounds a long chain alcohol (R2OH) can be reacted with glucose, in the presence of an acid catalyst to form the desired giucoside. Alternatively the alkyl polyglucosides can be prepared by a two step procedure in which a short chain alcohol (R]_OH) an be reacted with glucose, in the presence of an acid 20 catalyst to form the desired giucoside. Alternatively the alkyl polvglucosides can be prepared by a two step procedure in which a short chain alcohol (C]__g) is reacted with glucose or a polvglucoside (x=2 to 4) to yield a short chain alkyl giucoside (x=l to 4) which can in turn be reacted with a longer chain 25 alcohol (R2OH) to displace the short chain alcohol and obtain the desired alkyl polyglucoside. If this two step procedure is used, the short chain alkvlglucoside content of the final alkyl polyglucoside material should be less than 50%, preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than about 5%, most preferably 0% 30 of the alkyl polyglucoside. The amount of unreacted alcohol (the free fatty alcohol content) in the desired alkyl polysaccharide surfactant is 14 2 5 n 7«" preferably less than about 2%, more preferably less than about '3.5% by weight of the total of the alkyl polysaccharide. For some uses it is desirable to have the alkyi monosaccharide content less than about 10%. 5 The used herein, "alkyl polysaccharide surfactant" is intended to represent both the preferred glucose and galactose derived surfactants and the less preferred alkyl polysaccharide surfactants. Throughout this specification, "alkyl polyglucoside" is used to include alkyl polyglycosides because 10 the stereochemistry of the saccharide moiety is changed during the preparation reaction. An especially preferred APG glycoside surfactant is APG 625 glycoside manufactured by the Henkei Corporation of Ambler, PA. APG 2 5 is a nonionic alkyl polyglvcoside characterized by the 15 formula: cnH2n+l°<C6H10O5)xH wherein n=10 (2%); n=12 (65%); n=14 (21-28%); n=16 (4-8%) and n=18 (0.5%) and x (degree of polymerization) = 1.6. APG 625 has: a pH of 6-8 (10% of APG 625 in distilled water); a specific 20 gravity at 25'C of 1.1 g/ml; a density at 25"C of 9.1 lbs/gallon; a calculated HLB of 12.1 and a Brookfield viscosity at 35'C, 21 spindle, 5-10 RPM of 3,000 to 7,000 cps. Mixtures of two or more of the liquid nonionic surfactants can be used and in some cases advantages can be obtained by the 25 use of such mixtures". The gelled compositions of the instant invention contain fine particles of an organic and/or an inorganic detergent builder salt. A preferred solid builder salt is an alkali metal polyphosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate ("TPP"). In 30 place of all or part of the alkali metal polyphosphate one or more ether detergent builder salts can be used. Suitable other builder salts are aikali metal carbonates, citrates, tartarates, 15 K *'* "> borates, phosphates, bicarbonat.es, lower poiycarboxylic acid salts, and polvacrylaces, polymaleic anhydrides and copolymers of poiyacryiates ana polvmaieic anhydrides and polyacetal carboxylates. The total concentration of the alkali metal 5 detergent builder salts in the composition is about 2 to about 7 0 weight %, more preferably about 2 to about 60 wt. %. Specific examples of such builders are sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium tetraborate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, 10 potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium mono and diorthophosphate, and potassium bicarbonate. The builder salts can be used alone or in an admixture with other builders. Typical builders also include those disclosed in U.S. 15 Pat Uos. 4,316,812, 4,264,466 and 3,630,929 and those disclosed m U.S. Patent Nos. 4,144,226, 4,135,092 and 4,146,495. A preferred builder salt is sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). The TPP is a blend of anhydrous TPP and a small amount of TPP hexahydrate such that the chemically bound water content 20 corresponds to one H2O per pentasodium tripolyphosphate molecule. Such TPP may be produced by treating anhydrous TPP with a limited amount of water. The presence of the hexahydrate slows down the rapid rate of solution of the TPP in the wash bath and inhibits caking. One suitable TPP is sold under the 25 name Thermphos NW. "The particles size of the Thermphos NW TPP, as supplied, is usually averages 200 microns with the largest particles being 400 microns. Potassium tripolyphosphate and potassium pyrosphosphate can also be used. Nonphosphate builders such as alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal 30 tartartes, alkali metal gluconates and alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal citrates and mixtures thereof can be used with the phosphate builders. 16 n * "■ ft. ' ; r The alkali metal silicates are useful builder salts which also function to make the composition anti-corrosive so that damage to eating utensils ana to automatic dishwashing machine parts is minimized. Sodium silicates of Na20/Si02 ratios of 5 from 1:1 to 1:2.4 especially 1:2 to 1:3 are preferred. Potassium silicates of the same ratios can also be used. The preferred alkali metal silicates are sodium disilicate and sodium metasilicate. Another class of builders useful herein are the water 10 insoluble aluminosilicates, both of the crystalline and amorphous type. Various crystalline zeolites (i.e. aluminosilicates) are described in British Patent No. 1,504,168, U.S. Patent Ho. 4,409,136 and Canadian Patent Nos. 1,072,835 and 1, j37,477. An example of amorphous zeolites useful herein can 15 be found in Belgium Patent Mo. 835,351. The zeolites generally have the formula (M20)x(A1203)y(Si02)x wH20 v/herein x is 1, y is from 0.8 to 1.2 and preferably l, z is from 1.5 to 3.5 or higher and preferably 2 to 3 and w is from 0 to 9, 20 preferably 2.5 to 6 and M is preferably sodium. A typical zeolite is type A or similar structure, with type 4A particularly preferred. The preferred aluminosilicates have calcium ion exchange capacities of 200 milliequivalents per gram or greater, e.g. 400 meq/g. 25 In conjunction-with the builder salt are optionally used at a concentration of about 0 to 25 weight %, more preferably 1 to 20 v/t. %, a low molecular weight non crosslinked polyacrylate which has a molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 100,000 more preferably about 2,000 to about 80,000. A preferred low 30 molecular weight polyacrylate is Sokalantm CP45 manufactured by EASF and having a molecular weight of about 7 0,000. Another preferred low molecular weight polyacrylate is Acrysol1-111 45MD 17 r r% '•> f manufactured by Rohm and Haas and having a molecular weight cf about 4,500. A suitable suspending ana anti-reaepositing agent consists of a copolymer of a polyacia and an acid anhydride. Such a material should have a water absorption at 3 8'C and 78 5 percent relative humidity of less than about 40 percent and preferably less than about 30 percent. The builder is commercially available under the tradename of Sokalan CP 45. This is a partially neutralized copolymer of acrylic acid and maleic acid sodium salt. This suspending and anti-deposition 10 agent also serves to inhibit encrustation, i.e. inhibits the formulation ana precipitation of dicalcium phosphate. This suspending agent has a low hygroscopicity as a result of a decreased hydroxy1 group content. An objective is to use suspending ana anti-redeposition agents that have a low 15 hygroscopicity. Copolvmerized polyacids have this property, and particularly when partially neutralized. Acusol™ 640 ND provided by Rohm & Haas is another useful suspending agent. Other builder salts which can be mixed with the sodium carbonate are gluconates and nitriloacetic acid salts. 20 The thickening or gelling agents used in the instant compositions are a hydroxypropylcellulosic polymer such as Klucel HF polymer sold by Aqualon having a molecular weight of about 80,000 to aout 1,200,000 in combination with a glycol such as propylene glycol at a concentration of about 5 to 25 wt. 25 percent, more preferably about 10 wt percent to about 20 wt. percent. The hydroxypropylcellulosic polymer is used at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 10 wt. percent, more preferably about 0.1 to about 5 wt. percent. Essentially, any compatible anti-foaming agent can be 30 optionally used. Preferred anti-foaming agents are silicone anti-foaming agents. These are alkylated polysiloxanes and include polydimethyl siloxanes, polydiethyl siloxanes, 18 rciydibutyl silcxar.es, phenyl methyl siloxanes, dimethyl silanated silica, trimethysilanated silica ana triechyisiianatea silica. Suitable anti-foam agents are Silicone !~S04 and DB-100. Other suitable anti-foaming agents are Silicone DB 700 5 used at 0 to 1.5 wc. %, more preferably 0.2 to 1.0 weight %, sodium stearate used at a concentration and of 0.5 to 1.0 weight %. Another class of suitable foam depressants used at concentration levels of 0 to about 1.5 weight %, more preferably about 0.2 to about 1.0 weight %. are the alkyl 10 phosphoric acid esters of the formula 0 250780 ,-1 - '.~~R 15 OR available from EASF-Wyanaotte and the alkyl phosphate esters of the formula 20 0 HO-- 1 — R OR available from Hooker (SAP) ana Knapsack (LPKn-158) in which one 6N r or both R groups in each type of ester may be represented independently by a C]_2-20 alkvl or ethoxylated alkyl group. i f 30 The perfumes that can be used include lemon perfume and ' i:jV5 other natural scents. Essentially, any opacifier pigment that ':.PP is compatible with the remaining components of the detergent formulation can be used. A useful and preferred opacifier is titanium dioxide. 35 The organic liquid carrier materials that can be used for the liquid automatic dishwashing detergent compositions are contained in the composition at a concentration level of at least about 35 wt.% to about 65 wt.%, more preferably at least about 40 wt.% to about 65 wt.%, are those that have a low 40 hyaroscopicity. These include the higher glycols, polyglvcols, 1Q 2 5 H 7 «> ^ polycxides and givcci ethers. Suitable substances are propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, aiethylene t glycol monoethvl ether, diethylene glycol rnonopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutvl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl 5 ether, propylene glycol methyl ether (PM), dipropylene glycol methyl ether (DPM), propylene glycol methyl acetate (PMA), dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate (DPMA), ethylene glycol n-butyl ether and ethylene glycol n-propyl ether. A preferred nonaqueous carrier of the instant invention is polyethylene 10 glycol 200 or polyethylene glycol 300. Other useful solvents are ethylene oxide/propylene oxide, propylene oxide liquid random copolymer such as Synalox solvent series from Dow Chemical (Synalox 50-50B). Other suitable solvents are propylene glycol ethers such as PnB, DPnB and TPnB 15 ''propylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol and tripropylene glycol mono n-butyl ethers sold by Dow Chemical under the tradename Dowanol. Also tripropylene glycol mono methyl ether "TPM Dowanol" from Dow Chemical is suitable. Another useful series of solvents are supplied by CCA biochem 20 b.u. of Holland such as Purasolv RML, Purasolv REL(S), Purasolv rEL, Purasolv RIPL and Purasolv RBL. Mixtures of PEG solvent with Synalox or PnB, DPnB, TPnB and TPM solvents are also useful. Preferred mixtures are PEG 300/Synalox 50-50B and PEG 300/TPnB in weight ratios of 95:5 to 25 50:50. EP/PO capped'nonionic surfactants can be used as a liquid solvent carrier and an example of such a nonionic surfactant is Piurafac LF 132 sold by BASF. A key aspect is to keep the free water (non-chemically bounded water) in the detergent composition at a minimum. 30 Absorbed and adsorbed water are two types of free water, and comprise the usual free water found in a detergent composition. Free water will have the affect of deactivating the enzymes. 'J tl "v The detergent composition of the present invention can possibly include a peroxygen bleaching agent at a concentration about 0 to about 15 wt.%. The oxygen bleaching agents that can be used are alkali metal perborate, perphthalic acid, 5 peicarbonate and perphosphates, and potassium monopersulfate. A preferred compound is sodium perborate monohydrate. The peroxygen bleaching compound is preferably used in admixture with an activator thereof. Suitable activators are those disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,264,466 or in column 1 of U.S. 10 Patent No. 4,43 0,244. Polyacylated compounds are preferred activators. Suitable preferred activators are tetraacetyl ethylene diamine ("TAED"), pentaacetyl glucose, and ethyledine benzoate acetate. The activator which is present at a concentration of 0 to 15 about 5.0 wt. %, more preferably about 0.5 to about 5.0 wt. % usually interacts v/ith the peroxygen compound to form a peroxyacid bleaching agent in the wash water. It is preferred to include a sequestering agent of high complexing power to inhibit any undesired reaction between such peroxyacid and 20 hydrogen peroxide in the wash solution in the presence of metal ions. Suitable sequestering agents include the sodium salts of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid 'EDTA), diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DETPA), diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphoric acid (DTPMP) sold under the 25 tradename DEQUEST 206 6 and ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphoric acid (EDITEMPA). The sequestering agents can be used alone or in an admixture. The detergent formulation also contains a mixture of at lease one protease enzyme and an amylase enzyme and, optionally, 30 a lipase enzyme that serve to attack and remove organic residues on glasses, plates, pots, pans and eating utensils. Lipolytic enzvmes can also be used in the liquid automatic dishwasher 21 v ■> 0 7 R ietrgent compositions. Proteolytic enzymes remove protein residues, lipolytic enzymes fat residues and amylolytic enzymes remove starches. Proteolytic enzymes include the protease enzymes subtiiism, bromelin, papain, trypsin and pepsin. 5 Amylolytic enzymes include alphaamylase enzymes. Lipolytic enzymes include the lipase enzymes. The preferred amylase enzyme is available under the name Maxamyl and is available from Gist-Brocades of the Netherlands in the form of a nonaqueous slurry (18 wt.% of enzymes) having an activity of 40,000 TAU/g. 10 One preferred protease enzyme is available under the name Maxatase, and is derived from a novel Bacillus strain designated "PES2" wherein a culture of the Bacillus is deposited with the laboratory for Microbiology of the Technical University of Delft and has the number OR-60. Maxatase protease enzyme is a low 15 alkaline B. licheniformis protease 600,000 DU/g which is supplied in a nonaqueous slurry (18 weight percent) by International BioSynthetics (Gist-Brocades) One of the preferred protease enzyme is available under the name Protein Engineered Maxacal or Maxapem 15 or Maxapem 42 (PEM 42) and is 20 derived from Bacillus alcalophylus which is a high alkaline mutant proteolytic enzyme and is available from Gist-Brocades, of the Netherlands. Maxapem 42 is supplied in a nonaqueous slurry (18 wt.% of enzyme/activity of 900,000 ADU/g). Preferred enzyme activities per wash are Maxapem 42 200-1000 25 KADU per wash and Maxamyl 1,000-10,000 TAU per wash. Maxapem 15 is supplied in a nonaqueous slurry (5.55% wt. of enzyme with activity 400,000 ADU/g and preferred enzyme activity of Maxapem 15 is 200-1,000 KADU per wash. Maxatase and Maxapem can be used together. 30 Maxapem 42 protease enzyme is supplied in a nonaqueous slurry (18 weight percent) by International BioSynthetics (Gist- Brocades). Maxamyl amylase enzyme is a thermostable B. 22 1 E A 7 f. J ' licheniformis alpha-amvlase (40,500 TAU/g) which is supplied in a nonaqueous slurry (18 weight percent) bv International BioSynthetics (Gist Brocades). At a concentration level of 3.5% of Protein Engineered Maxacal 42 and 1.0% of Maxamyl in the 5 instant automatic dishwashing compositions, a 25 gram dose of automatic dishwashing composition per wash delivers 10,000 TAU of Maxamyl amylase and 787,500 ADU of Protein Engineered Maxacal 42 protease. Maxapem 42/Maxatase protease 250-1,000 KADU/KDU and Maxamyl 4,000-10,000 TAU per wash. At a concentration of 10 1.7 5%, Maxatase, 1.75% Protein Engineered Maxacal 42 (Maxapem 42) and 1.0% Maxamyl in the instant automatic dishwashing compositions, a 25 gram dose of automatic dishwashing composition per wash delivered 10,000 TAU of Maxamyl amylase and 6 56,2 50 DU/ADU of protease enzymes. 15 The weight ratio of the one or two Protease enzymes (Maxatase and Maxapem 42) taken together to the amylolytic enzyme in the nonaqueous liquid automatic dishwasher detergent compositions is about 6:1 to about 1.1:1 more preferably about 4.5:1 to about 1.2:1. The weight ratio of Maxatase to Protein 20 Engineered Maxacal enzyme 42 is about 1.8:1 to about 1:1. The weight ratio of the Protease enzyme to the amylolytic enzyme in the nonaqueous liquid automatic dishwasher detergent compositions is 6:1 to 1.1:1 more preferably 4.5:1 to 1.2:1. 25 DX having an activity of 3 00 KNU/g. It is an alpha amylase prepared by submerged fermentation of a selected strain of Bacillus liceniformis. Another useful protease enzyme is Savinase 16.OL Type EX sold by Novo. It has an actively of 16.KNPU/g and is prepared 30 by submerged fermentation of an alcalophilic strain of Bacillus. Another useful protease enzyme is Durazym 16.0 L Type EX which is sold by Novo and has an activity of 16DPU/g. It is a protein- Another useful amylase enzyme sold by Novo is Termamyl 300L 23 £ (\ "i ^ (A engineered variant of Savmase. Maxacal enzyme sold by Gist Erocoades is another useful protease enzyme. The detergent composition can have a fairly wide ranging composition. The surfactant can comprise 0 to about 15 percent 5 by weight of the composition, more preferably about 1 to about 15 percent by weight, and most preferably about 4 to about 12 percent by weight. The soil suspending agent which is preferably a copolymerized non crosslinked polyacrylic acid will be present in an amount of 0 to about 2 0 percent by weight, 10 more preferably about 1 to about 10 percent by weight and most preferably about 3 to about 8 percent by weight. The anti-foaming agent will be present in an amount of 0 to about 2.5 percent by weight, more preferably about 0.1 to about 2.0 percent by weight and most preferably about 0.2 to about 1.5 15 percent by weight. The builder, which is preferably sodium tripolyphosphate, is present in an amount of about 2 to about 70 percent by weight, more preferably about 5 to about 60 percent by weight and most preferably about 10 to about 40 percent by weight. 20 The alkali metal silicate, of which sodium silicate is preferred, will be present in an amount of 0 to about 25 percent by weight, more preferably about 5 to about 20 percent by weight and most preferably 5 to 15 percent by weight. The opacifier pigment will be present in an amount of 0.0 to about 25 1.0 percent by weight, more preferably about 0.1 to about 1.0 percent by weight and most preferably 0.5 percent by weight. The enzymes will be present in slurry form (18% enzyme in polyethylene glycol 400) in an amount of about 0.8 to about 16.0 percent by weight, more preferably about 0.9 to about 14.0 30 percent by weight, and most preferably about 1.0 to about 12.0 percent by weight. The Protein Engineered Maxacal 42 protease :n the automatic dishwashing composition enzyme will comprise 24 *> k r- - about 0.5 to about 8.0 percent by weight, more preferably about 0.7 co about 6.0 weight percent and most preferably about 0.8 to about 5.0 percent by weight. The amylase enzyme will comprise about 0.3 to about 6.0 percent by weight, more preferably about 5 C .-1 to about 3.0 weight percent and most preferably 0.5 to 2.0 weight percent. The lipase enzyme will comprise 0.00 to about 8.0 percent by weight of the detergent composition. Other components such as color and perfumes will be comprised of about 0.1 to abouc 1.0 percent by v/eight of the detergent composition. 10 Another suitable lipase is Lipolase 100 SL from Novo Corporation. Another useful lipase enzyme is Amano PS lipase provided by Amano International Enzyme Co, Inc. The lipase enzymes are especially beneficial in reducing grease residues and related filming problems on glasses and dishware. The 15 remainder of the detergent composition will be comprised of the nonaqueous carrier. This will range from 40 to 65 weight percent, more preferably 45 to 60 v/eight percent. A preferred gelled composition of the instant invention has less than about 3 wt. percent of free water and a pH of less 20 than about 11.0 and a Brookfield viscosity at RT, #5 spindle, 20rpms of about 5,000 to about 20,000 cps. comprises approximately by weight: (a) 1 to 12 percent of a liquid nonionic surfactant; (b) 0 to 70 percent of at least one alkali metal phosphate 25 detergent builder salt; (c) 0 to 1.5 percent of an antifoaming agent; (d) 0 to 40 percent of at least one alkali metal phosphate free detergent builder salt; (e) 1.5 to 12.0 percent of at least one protease enzyme; 30 (f) 0.1 to 6.0 percent of an amylase enzyme; !g) 0 to 25 percent of a low molecular weight non crosslinked polyacrylate polymer; 25 25 0 7 R (h) 0 to 5.0 percent of a lipase enzyme; (i) 0 to 15.0 percent of an alkali metal perborate; (j) 0.5 to 5.0 percent of an alkali metal perborate activator; 5 (k) 0 to 1.5% of a colorant; (1) 3 5 to 65% of a nonaqueous liquid organic carrier material; and (m) a stabilizing system which can be 0.1 to 10 percent of a blend of a hydroxypropylcellulosic polymer and a polymer 10 gelling or swelling agent such as propylene glycol at a concentration of 5 to 25 weight percent. The composition of the instant invention have a G' value of sbout 5 to about 100 Pa, more preferably about 10 to about 75 Pa and most preferably about 15 to about 50 Pa over a 10 to 50 15 percent strain range; a G" value of about 5 to about 100 Pa, more preferably about 10 to about 75 Pa, and most preferably about 15 Pa to about 50 Pa over a 10 to 50 percent strain range, the G' and G" values are measured on a Cari-Med CSL 100 P.heometer in a dynamic made (torque sweep) . The torque sweep 20 experiment is measured at a constant frequency of scillation. the tested sample is submitted to an increasing stress (increasing amplitude of ascillation and thereby increasing strain). G' and G" are measured versus strain. The detergent formulation is produced by first combining 25 with mixing the propylene glycol and the hydroxypropyl cellulosic polymer at 70 degrees C. To this gelled mixture is adding with mixing in the following order the organic liquid carrier material, the surfactant, the disilicate, the alkali metal detergent builder salt, the low molecular weight non 30 crosslinked polymer and finally the enzymes and mixing is continued to a homogenous gelled product is obtained. Then the 2 5 0 7 P o opacifiers, brighteners, and perfumes are added. After a thorough mixing, the detergent composition is packaged. r The concentrated nonaqueous liquid nonionic automatic dishwashing detergent compositions of the present invention 5 disperses readily in the water in the dishwashing machine. The presently used home dishwashing machines have a measured capacity for 80cc or 90 grams of detergent. In normal use, for example, for a full load of dirty dishes 60 grams of powdered detergent are normally used. 10 In accordance with the present invention only 20cc to 35 cc or 40 grams or less of the concentrated liquid nonionic detergent composition is needed, and more preferably 20cc or 25 grams of concentrated liquid is used per dispenser cup. The normal operation of an automatic dishwashing machine can involve 15 the following steps or cycles: washing, rinse cycles with hot water. The entire wash and rinse cycles require 120 minutes. The temperature of the wash water is 100'F to 140'F and the temperature of the rinse v/ater is 100" F to 140' F. The wash and rinse cycles use 8 to 12 liters of water for the wash cycle and 20 8 to 12 liters of water of the rinse cycle. The highly concentrated nonaqueous gelled automatic dishwashing detergent compositions exhibit excellent cleaning properties of proteinaceous soils such as egg and starchy carbohydrates such as oatmeal and minimizes the formation of 25 spots and films on the dishware and glasses. In an embodiment of the invention the stability of the builder salts in the composition during storage and the dispersibility of the composition in water is improved by grinding and reducing the particle size of the solid builders to less than 100 microns, 30 preferably less than 40 microns and more preferably to less than 10 microns. The solid builders are generally supplied in particle sizes of 100, 200 or 400 microns. The liquid 27 f> 7 O ft nonaqueous carrier phase can be possibly mixed with the solid builders prior to carrying out the grinding operation. In the grinding operation it is preferred that the proportion of solid ingredients be high enough (e.g. at least 5 40%, such as 50%) that the solid particles are in contact with each other and are not substantially shielded from one another by the liquid nonaqueous carrier. After the grinding step any remaining liquid nonaqueous carrier can be added to the ground formulation. Mills which employ grinding balls (ball mills) or 10 similar mobile grinding elements give very good results. For larger scale work a continuously operating mill in which there are 1 mm. or 1.5 mm diameter grinding balls working in a very small gap between a stater and a rotor operating at a relatively high speed e.g. a CoBall mill or a Metzsch ball mill may be 15 employed; when using such a mill, it is desirable to pass the blend of liquid nonaqueous carrier and solids first through a mill which does not effect such fine grinding (e.g. to 40 microns) prior to the step of grinding to an average particle diameter below 10 microns in the continuous ball mill. 20 It is also contemplated within the scope of this invention to form compositions without grinding, wherein he particle size has a distribution of 60-120 microns. In a preferred embodiment the detergent builder particles have a particle size distribution such that no more than 10% by weight of said 25 particles have a pardicle size of more than 10 microns. 23 A £? r<. / N > " DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED F.MSODIMEMTS Example 1 The concentraced nonaqueous liquid dishwasher detergent compositions were formulaced from the following ingredients in rhe amounts specified. Comparison Ingredients 10 15 20 30 35 40 Polyethylene Glycol 3 00 Synperonic LFD 25 Surfactant 8.00 Sodium Silicate tHa20:Si02/l:2) 9.00 Sodium Tripolyphosphate Anhy. 30.00 Sokalan CP 45 Polymer 5.00 Maxamyl Amylase Enzyme Slurry (activity: 42,800 TAU/g) 1.00 Protein Engineered Maxacal 42 (Maxapem 42) Slurry (activity: 900,228 ADU/g) 3.50 Maxacal Protease Enzyme Slurry (activity: 890,509 ADU/g) Maxatase Protease Enzyme Slurry (activity: 604,000 DU/g) pH (11 solution) 9.10 Maxapem 42 Comp(a) Balance Maxatase Comp(b) Balance 8.00 8.00 30 .00 5.00 1.00 3 .50 8.80 Maxacal Comp(c) Balance 8.00 9.00 30.00 5.00 1.00 3.50 9.10 29 2 5 0 7 P /> 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Wash Vlash Water Invent ion Invent ion Comparison Temp.'F (ppm) Maxapem 42 Comp i a) Maxatase Come(b) Maxacal ComD(c) Soil Removal,% Egg Oatmeal Egg Oatmeal Egg Oatmeal 10 0 Soft (10) 65 100 20 100 51 100 Tap (110) 70 100 13 100 9 100 Hard (300) 2 100 2 100 3 100 Average 46 100 12 100 21 100 120 Soft (10) 80 100 70 100 83 100 Tap (100) 98 100 30 100 54 100 Hard (300) 29 100 36 100 22 100 Average 69 100 62 100 53 100 130 Soft (10) 38 100 30 100 33 100 Tap (110) 92 100 73 100 64 100 Hard (300) 64 100 43 100 17 100 Average 31 100 49 100 55 100 135 Soft (10) 30 100 2 100 38 100 Tap (110) 34 100 2 100 76 100 Hard (300) 39 100 22 100 31 100 Average 63 100 9 100 65 100 140 Soft (10) 12 100 2 100 75 100 Tap (110) 16 100 2 100 40 100 Hard (300) 40 100 26 100 26 100 Average 22 100 10 100 47 100 30 ^ K 1 0 A Example 2 Concentraced nonaqueous liquid dishwasher detergent compositions were iormulated from the following ingredients in the amounts specified. Comparison 10 15 Maxatase and Maxapem 42 Maxacal Ingredients 30 on 40 Comp(a) Polyethylene Glycol 300 Balance Synperonic LFD 25 Surfactant 3.00 Sodium Silicate tHaoO:Si02/1:2) 9.00 Sodium Tripolyphosphate Anhy. 3 0.00 Sokalan CP 45 Polymer 5.00 Maxamyl Amylase Enzyme Slurry (activity: 42,300 TAU/g) 1.00 Maxacal Protease Enzyme Slurry Protein Engineered Maxacal 42 (Maxapem 42) Slurry activity: 900,228 ADU/g) 1.75 Maxatase Protease Enzyme Slur ry iactivity: 604,000 DU/g) 1.75 Maxapem 42 Maxatase Maxacal Comp (b) Balance 3.00 3.00 30.00 5.00 1.00 3.50 Comp(c) Balance 3.00 9.00 30.00 5.00 1.00 dH (1% solution) 9.10 8.80 3.50 9.10 Comp(d) Balance 3.00 9.00 30.00 5.00 1.00 3.5 9.10 31 Wash Wash Water Invention Maxapem 42 Temp. F (ppm) Comp (a) Soil Removal. % Egg Oatmeal 100 Soft (10) 65 100 Tap (110) 70 100 Hard (300) 2 100 Average 46 100 120 Soft (10) 80 100 Tap (110) 98 100 Hard (300) 29 100 Average 69 100 130 Soft (10) 88 1(H) Tap (110) 92 100 Hard (300) 64 100 A verage 81 100 135 Soft (10) 80 100 Tap (110) 84 100 Hard (300) 39 100 A verage 68 100 140 Soft (10) 12 100 Tap (110) 16 100 Hard (300) 40 100 Average 22 100 Overall 1 Average 57 100 Invention Maxatase Compo (b) Comparison Maxacal Comp (c) Egg Oatmeal 20 100 13 100 2 100 12 100 70 100 80 100 36 100 62 100 30 100 73 100 43 100 49 100 2 100 2 100 22 100 9 100 2 100 2 100 26 100 10 100 Egg Oatmeal 51 9 3 21 83 54 22 53 83 64 17 55 88 76 31 65 75 40 26 47 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100, 100 100 KM) 100 100 100 100 tN m 28 1(H) 48 100 /■ i' > n Example 3 Concentrated nonaqueous liquid dishwasher detergent compositions are formulated from the following ingredients in 5 the amounts specified. Ingredients Comparison 10 :olyethvlene Glycol 300 Synperionic LFD 25 15 Surfactant Sodium Silicate iMa20:Si02/l:2) 20 Sodium Tripolyphosphate Anhydrous Sokalan CP 4 5 Polymer 25 Maxamyl Amylase Enzyme Slurry (activity: 42,800 TAU/g) Maxacal Protease Enzyme 30 Slurry (activity: 890,509 ADU/g) Maxatase Protease Enzyme Slurry 35 'activity: 604,000 DU/g) dH (1% solution) Maxatase Comp(a) Balance 8.00 9 .00 30.00 5 .00 1.00 Maxatase Comp(b) Balance 8.00 8.00 30.00 5.00 1.00 Maxacal Comp(c) Balance 8.00 9.00 30.00 5.00 1.00 3.50 3 .50 9.10 3 .50 8.80 9.10 33 10 15 20 25 30 jr> 45 5 t ■> Wash Wash Water Inv entior. Invention Comparison Temp. Maxatase "F (DDtn) Comn(a) Maxatase C OITVD (b) Maxacal Comp (o) Soil Removal,% Egg Oatmeal Egg Oatmeal Egg Oatrr 100 Soft (10) 51 100 42 100 20 100 Tap (110) 9 100 10 100 13 100 Hard (300) 3 100 10 100 2 100 Average 21 100 21 100 12 100 120 Soft (10) 83 100 80 100 70 100 Tap (100) 54 100 82 100 80 100 Hard (300) 22 100 23 100 36 100 Average 53 100 62 100 62 100 130 Soft (10) 83 100 83 100 30 100 Tap (110) 64 100 88 100 73 100 Hard (300) 17 100 14 100 43 100 Average 55 100 61 100 49 100 135 Soft (10) 88 100 76 100 2 100 Tap (110) 76 100 77 100 2 100 Hard (300) 31 100 30 100 22 100 Average 65 100 61 100 9 100 140 Soft (10) 75 100 48 100 2 100 Tap (110) 40 100 56 100 2 100 Hard (300) 26 100 49 100 26 100 Average 47 100 51 100 10 100 Overall Average 48 100 51 100 28 100 34 <-,K ' -£* * ,s*\ Example 4 Concentraced nonaqueous liquid dishwasher detergent compositions were formulated from the following ingredients in the amounts specifiea. B PEG 3 00 Balance Balance Svnperonic LF/D25 6 . 0 6.0 SAG 1000 silicone 0.2 0.2 antifoam Sodium disilicate 5.0 5.0 l hydrated) Na Tripolyphosphate 35.0 35.0 t?p anhvdrous Sokalan CP5 5.0 5.0 Maxacal slurry (a) 3.2 3.5 Maxamyl slurrv (b) 0.6 0.8 Cabosil EH-5 silica 1.5 1.35 Phase separation in heiaht % RT ; 6 weeks) i c; o. « -/ "o 4.0% (12 weeks) 4.5% 4° C (5 weeks) 3.0% (12 weeks) 2 . 5% 35° C (6 v/eeks) 5% (12 weeks) J . *6 (a) Activity: 1,000,000 ADU/g bi Activity: 40,000 TAU/g Dosage 25a 28,7(20 ml) Cleaning performance rat ings 0-10 St. steel saucepan: burnt milk 2 .75 3 . 5 Tea 9 . 5 9.0 Plates: eggs microwave 4. 67 4.92 Plates: porridge 9.96 10.0 St. steel dish: rice 7.75 9 . 5 Pvrex dish: white sauce 7 .25 7.75 Cutlerv: rice 8.75 9 .25 Cutlerv: rice & cheese 9 . 0 9 . 5 Cutlerv: porridge 9.75 9.75 Cleaning performance average score 7.71 8. 13 Glasses rating 0-10 Daylight: alasses/burnt milk 2 . 8 3 . 5 Viewing box: glasses (global) 4.9 5 . 0 Viewing box: filming 7 . 0 7 . 4 Viewing box: spottina 4 . 7 4 . 8 Glasses averaae score 4 . 9 5.2 36 Laboratory Cleaning Performance Laboratory performance of the compositions of the Examples were carried out using multi-soils at various temperatures ana water hardness conditions. This is done to show differences 5 between the prototype formulations. Egg soil was prepared by mixing egg yolk with an equal amount of 2.5 N calcium chloride solution. 0.4 grams of this mixture was applied as thin crosswise film to the usable surface of 7.5 inch china plates. The plates were aged in 50% relative humidity overnight. Oatmeal 10 soil was prepared by boiling 24 grams of Quaker Oats in 400 ml of tap water for ten minutes. 3 grams of this mixture was spread as thin film onto a 7.5 inch china plate. The plates were aged for 2 hours at SO'C (176'F). They were then stored overnight at room temperature. Two plates of each egg and oatmeal were used 15 per wash. The plates were placed in the same positions in the dishwasher. 25 grams of the detergent was used as a single dose per wash. All plates were scored by measuring the percent area cleaned. The multi-soil cleaning test results are reported below. The results tabulated were average of at least 2 runs. 20 Average results reflect the average performance results obtained in three different water conditions in given temperatures and the overall average showed the average results obtained in five temperature in three different water conditions and these results were also shown graphically in Figures 1-5. 37 *> £ fS Example 5 The following gelled automatic dishwashing detergent compositions were formulated from the following ingredients in the amounts specified by the previously identified preferred process for forming the composition. A B C D E F G PoIvethylene Glycol PEG300 Bal Bal Bal Bal Bal Bal Bal Propylene Glvcol 17.15 14 22 17.15 17.15 17 .15 Klucel HF 0.35 0 0.35 0.35 0.7 1.0 0.35 Synperonic LF/D2 5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 Disilicate Hydrated Pov/der 10.0 10 .0 10 .0 10 .0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Sodium Tripolyphos pnate anhydrous 3 0.0 30 . 0 30.0 3 0.0 30.0 30.0 30 .0 SoKalan CPS 5 . 0 5 . 0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 Soda Ash 11.0 Sodium Citrate 5.0 Maxacal Prill 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Maxamyl Prill 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Stability 3wk Separation Stable unstable Physical Appearance Gel Liqu id Susp ensi on Gel Gel Gel Liqui d Susp ensio n Liqui d Susp ension 38 2 5 fl 7 < The results show that formulas A and C-G of Example 5 which employ the thickening system of propylene glycol and Klucel form non-aqueous gels. Sample B of Example 5 which does not use either Klucel H nor propylene glycol does not yield a gel 5 product. The formula B, is a liquid suspension which undergo phase separation at R.T. prior to 21 days whereas samples A and C-G of Example 5 which form gels which do not separate at room temperature after three weeks. Sample A and B of Example 4 are liquid suspensions. 10 The samples were prepared by first forming a 2.0 wt. percent solution/Klucel HF in propylene glycol by heating the propylene glycol to 7 0%c and then with slow stirring mixing the r'.lucel HF into the propylene glycol. The solution was cooled and a portion of the cooled solution was mixed into the 15 polyethylene glycol which had been heated to 70%c and stirring was continued with stirring until homogeneity had been acheived the balance of the ingredients were added with mixing in the order as listed in the table to form the composition which was then cooled. 20 39 ?) E" 0\ _ example '5 Other compositions formed by the process of Example 5, incorporated the PM (propylene glycol methyl ether) and the DPnB dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether) instead of the DPM and the PnB. Examole # A B C D Polyethylene crlvcol PEG 3 00 Balance Balance Balance Balanc e Klucel HF 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 PM (c) 44.2 13 .7 DPnB (d) 44 .2 13.7 Synperonic LF/D2 5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 SAG 1000 silicone antifoam 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Disilicate hydrated oowder 5 . 0 5 . 0 5.0 5.0 Sodium tripolyphosphate (anhydrous) 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 Sokalan CP5 5 . 0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Maxacal slurrv 3 . 5 3.5 3.5 3.5 Maxamvl slurrv 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Stability 2 wks, RT (phase separation in heiaht %) 6% 25% 0% 0% c! PM = propylene glycol methyl ether (Dow). >. i) DPnB or DPGMBE = dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether (Dow). 40 H I I PEG 300 46.5 46.5 LTI h-» ?rct7.'lene- 4.9 4.9 qlvcoi Klucel 0.1 0 . i 0.1 Foivox f-nc Polv-Teraent 6 6 5 (R) F17A Britsil 13 13 13 H24.' .Tedium 10 Citrateior.) Jcduim 0 10 10 citrate (cwr) 5o:ia ash 8 8 (cbsri store) Soda ash ri O fmc ioo ) jroi-Fite |2 r'.7 5 > Aru.vc i 460ND 6 6 6 _ # - / C 2.5 Frill M=Jv--uTT.-i i 1 1 100 100 100 .'•'i:-:--: t\x»5 Maa. stirrer Maa. stirrer Premier Tefni (C) 50-60 50-60 Hatch sine 200a 200a r.=.r-i.-i r- • (rzrs. - cc) VlSCCC It".' 9800 10500 3500 PerrarKs </div>

Claims

<div class="application article clearfix printTableText" id="claims"> WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 250/80

1. A gelled enzyme containing composition for automatic dishwashers comprising substantially by weight: (a) 1 to 12 percent of a liquid nonionic surfactant; (b) 2 to 70 percent of at least one alkali metal detergent builder salt; (c) 0 to 1.5 percent of an anti-foaming agent; (d) 1.5 to 12.0 percent of at least one protease enzyme; (e) 0.1 to 6.0 percent of an amylase enzyme; (f) 0 to 25 percent of a low molecular weight non crosslinked polyacrylate polymer; and (g) 5.1 to 35.0 percent of a stabilizing agent which is a mixture of 5 to 25 weight percent of a swelling agent and 0.1 to 10 weight percent of a hydroxypropylcellulosic polymer.

2. The composition according to Claim 1, further including a lipase enzyme.

3. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein said composition has a free water content of less than substantially 3 weight percent and a pH of less than substantially 11.0.

4. The composition according to Claim 1, further including an alkali metal perborate.

5. The composition according to Claim 4 further including an alkali metal perborate activator.

6. The composition according to Claim 1 wherein said protease enzyme is derived from a bacillus alcalophylus strain.

7. The composition according to Claim 1 wherein said protease enzyme is derived from a bacillus designated PB92.

8. The composition according to Claim 7 further including said protease enzyme derived from a bacillus alcalophylus strain.

9. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein said composition has a G' value of substantially 5 to 100 Pa over a 10 to 50% strain range and a G" of substantially 5 to 100 Pa over a 10 to 50% strain range.

10. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein said polymeric swelling agent is a propylene carbonate.

11. A gelled composition substantially as herein described with particular reference to the Examples and accompanying drawings excluding reference to comparative formulations referred to therein. </div>