NZ217588A - Fabricating plate web girders by welding - Google Patents

Description

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PATENTS ACT 195 3 Number: Date: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING PLATE WEB GIRDERS I/WE FOLDED WEB BEAMS PTY. LTD., a Company incorporated in the State of New South Wales, Australia, of First Farm Drive, Castle Hill, New South Wales 2154, Australia hereby declare the invention for which I/we pray that a patent may be granted to me/us and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statements- Indicate if follomlng page is numbered '1(a)1 1.10.85 2 1758 This invention relates to an apparatus and a method of fabricating plate web girders. The invention was developed primarily for fabricating girders of the kind which comprise a corrugated web interposed between a pair of flanges, and will be described hereinafter with reference to that use. However, it may be used to fabricate any type of plate web girder. As used herein the term corrugated web means a web corrugated in any manner so as to have crests and troughs formed therein including webs with non-parallel corrugations.

Hitherto, the method utilized for fabricating such girders comprises the step of tack welding the flanges to the web in an appropriate configuration, followed by the step of continuously welding the tack welded girder from a centraL location towards its respective ends.

Such a method overcomes the problem of buckling which is a result of thermal stresses caused by isolated heat inputs during welding.

Whilst being suitable for overcoming the aformentioned buckling problem, the fabrication of a girder according to the method is time consuming.

It is an object of this invention to provide an apparatus and a method for fabricating a plate web girder, which will be overcome or at least ameliorate this disadvantage.

Accordingly, in one aspect this invention consists in an apparatus for fabricating a plate web girder of the kind comprising two flanges spaced apart by a web, said 2175 apparatus comprising a plurality of welding devices each mounted on respective spaced apart guides to follow a respective portion of a weLding path defined by the intersection of said web and a flange; and means to move ^ said girder longitudinally relative to said welding devices.

In a second aspect this invention consists in a method of fabricating a plate web girder of the kind comprising two flanges spaced apart by a web, said method 10 comprising the steps of positioning said flanges relative to said web, positioning a plurality of welding devices at spaced apart locations along said girders, said devices being adapted to follow a respective portion of a welding path defined by the intersection of said web and a flange; actuating said devices and simultaneous moving said girder longitudinally relative to said devices.

In one embodiment it is preferred that the girder is moved at a substantially constant rate. However it is also within the scope of this invention to vary the rate 20 to achieve a constant speed of the welding device along the welding path for corrugated web girders.

For preference, the welding devices are positioned at in a linear array equally spaced apart locations and the girder is moved for a distance equal to the distance between adjacent devices.

It is also preferred that each guide bears against the web adjacent the respective welding path to maintain the welding device at a predetermined distance from the "3" . ..vf, »ii V/. - • 217588 web at each point along the path.

Each guide preferrably also includes means to bear against the flange to maintain the welding device at a predetermined distance from said flange adjacent the respective welding path.

The apparatus and method of this invention has been found to be suitable for fabricating plate web girds having corrugated webs although the welding angle between the welding path varies as the guide traverses the crests and troughs of the corrugations.

Accordingly, it is further preferred that the welding angle between the respective weld path and the respective welding device is maintained substantially constant for each point along the path. Preferably the welding angle is less than 15 degrees from vertical in a direction forward of the weld.

In one embodiment the welding angle is maintained by adjusting the respective welding devices in response to movement of the guide over the corrugations of the web.

One embodiment of this invention will now be described, by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of part of the apparatus according to this invention; and Figure 2 13 an exploded perspective detail of part of the apparatus of Figure 2.

Figures 1 and 2 show part of the apparatus for fabricating a plate web girder I comprising two flanges 217588 2a, 2b spaced apart by a corrugated web 3. The corrugated web 3 is formed with successive crests 4 and troughs 5.

The apparatus comprises a plurality of welding devices equally spaced apart in linear array. Figure 1 illustrates only one such device which takes the form of a welding gun 6 which is connected with a MIG wire feed welder (not shown) in the conventional manner. Each gun 6 has a welding tip 7 and is mounted on a respective spaced apart guide indicated generally at 8. Again Figure 1 shows only one such guide, however, each guide is identical.

With the aid of guide 8 the welding tip 7 of gun 6 follows a portion of the welding path defined by the intersection of web 3 and flange 2a. The apparatus includes an electrically driven worm screw (not shown) which is connected to the girder 1 and constitutes means to move the girder longitudinally in the direction shown by arrow A relative to the gun 6 at a substantially constant rate.

The gun 6 is clamped to a mounting bracket 9 forming part of guide 8. Mounting bracket 9 is fitted with a roller 10 which bears against the web 3 adjacent the welding path and welding tip 7. Bracket 9 is slideably mounted in grooved blocks 11 in turn mounted on a support plate 12. This allows roller 10 to follow the surface of web 3 by bracket 9 sliding in "blocks 11 as the girder moves past the roller. In this way the welding tip is 217588 i maintained at a predetermined distance from the web 3 at each point along the welding path.

A support arm 13 is used to locate welding tip 7. Although not shown in figure 1 this arm 13 extends toward the remote end of the girder 1 sufficiently to suit the sharpness of the corrugations in web 3 and is hingedly mounted. The arm 13 has a comparatively long length so that movement of the welding tip 7 up and down as roller 10 passes over web 3 is not inhibited.

Guide 8 also includes a frame 14 which rests on a base plate 15 above flanges 2a, 2b. Rollers 16 are provided between the frame 14 and base plate 15. Two further rollers 17 are mounted on frame 14 and held in contact with flange 2a under the action of two springs 18 acting on frame 14. An adjustable stop 19 extends from frame 14 and arm 13 is held against stop 19 by a spring connected between arm 13 and frame 14. The welding tip 7 is thus maintained at a predetermined distance from the flange 2a adjacent the welding path at each point along the path by rollers 17 bearing against flange 2a. The distance is adjusted by adjusting the length of stop 19.

The angle between the welding tip 7 and the welding path is preferably less than 15 degrees from vertical in a direction forward of the weld. As the gun 6 moves over the web 3 this angle will change as the path follows the crests and troughs of the web. To improve the quality of the weld this welding angle is maintained substantially 217588 constant by moving the mounting bracket 9 to which welding gun 6 is clamped. The means to maintain the welding angle comprises a member formed by a pair of rods 20 supported by a roller arrangement 21. Roller arrangement 21 follows the corrugations of web 3 and the upper ends of rods 20 are joined by a bracket 22. Rods 20 pass through a mounting block 23 which is in turn mounted with frame 14 by means of a sliding sleeve 24 over the frame. This ensures the rods 20 are free to move up and down as roller arrangement 21 passes over web 3. The sleeve 24 allows the whole member to move longitudinally of the girder.

The roller arrangement 21 is connected to support plate 12 by means of connecting plates 25,26. Plate 25 is bolted to plate 12 through slotted bolt holes to allow relative movement between the plates. Plates 25 and 26 are bolted together and by means of lock nuts and suitable spacers the angles between the planes of the plates can be varied to correctly orient slotted blocks 11 with bracket 9. An upright bar 27 extends between plates 25 and 26 and is joined at its upper end to bracket 22. The lower end of bar 25 is fixed to roller arrangement 21 by means of a bolt 28 extending through plate 26. This serves to keep plate 26 upright between block 23 and bar 27.

The bracket 22 secured to the top of rods 20 serves two purposes. Firstly it actuates two limit switching devices on a bar 29 fixedly extending from block 23. The . ... .:..., 217588 limit switching devices are positioned on bar 29 so as to be respectively actuated when crests and troughs of the web 3 are encountered by roller arrangement 21. That is, when the bracket 22 is at its lowermost and uppermost positions with respect to bar 29 respectively.

The limit switching devices can be any suitable position sensitive switching device and operate a modulating motor (not shown) of any suitable type. The modulating motor acts via arms 30 and 31 on plate 26 to which arm 31 is bolted at 32 (shown in Figure 2). The motor moves arm 31 longitudinally backward or forward so that plate 26 pivots about the bolt 28 holding it to roller arrangement 21. In this way plate 25, plate 12 and slotted blocks 11 can be inclined at different angles. Because bracket 9 holding welding gun 6 is held by blocks 11 the welding gun can in this manner be adjusted to maintain the welding angle constant. In operation the limit switches are respectively operated as the roller arrangement reaches the bottom of each trough and the top of each crest. The limit switches in turn operate to reverse the direction of the modulating motor which adjusts the position of the welding gun at a selected rate corresponding to the changing direction of the welding path as it follows the corrugations. By positioning the roller arrangement 21 to encounter the corrugations ahead of the guide roller 10 it is possible to compensate for lag in the adjusting 2 1758 of the welding gun to maintain the welding angle constant. In addition, suitable adjustment of the position at which the roller arrangement forming part of the member to follow the corrugations encounters each corrugation with respect to the position at which roller 10 encounters the same corrugation allows girders comprising webs with non-parallel corrugations to be fabricated.

The foregoing describes only one embodiment of this invention and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the mechanical sensing, switching and adjusting mechanisms described above can equally be replaced with electric, electronic or electro-mechanical devices or a combination of such devices.

Claims (23)

WHAT I/WE CLAIM ISi

1. An apparatus for fabricating a plate web girder of the kind comprising two flanges spaced apart by a web, said apparatus comprising a plurality of welding devices each mounted on respective spaced apart guides to follow a respective portion of a welding path defined by the intersection of said web and a flange; and means to move said girder longitudinally relative to said welding devices.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said welding devices are positioned in a linear array at equally spaced apart locations.

3. An apparatus as cla.i me^-- in claim 1 or claim 2 vherein each guide includes means to tear against the web adjacent the respective welding path to maintain the welding device at a predetermined distance from the web at each point along the path.

4. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein each said guide includes means to bear against the flange to maintain the welding device at a predetermined distance from said flange adjacent the respective welding path at each point along the path.

5 • An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 further ccnprising a stop associated with said means to bear against the flange, said stop being adjustable to adjust the predetermined distance of said welding device from the flange.

6. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein said girder is moved at a substantially constant / . '• -10- ' M '. v . >' .■ • • r. 1 i u( o rate.

7. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein said web is a corrugated web as herein defined and said each guide includes means to maintain the welding angle between the welding path and the welding device substantially constant for each point along said path.

9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein means to maintain said welding angle is responsive to movement of the respective guide moans over the corrugations of said web.

9. An apparatus a3 claimed in claim 8 wherein means to maintain said welding angle includes a member to follow the corrugations of said web and adapted to operate limit fr , switching devices when the crests and troughs of each corrugation are encountered by. said member.

10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein said member to follow the corrugations is positioned to encounter the corrugations ahead of the guide means bearing against the web to compensate for lag in adjusting the welding device to maintain the. welding angle.

11. An apparatus^ as claimed in claim 9 or claim 10 wherein said limit switches operate a modulating motor connected with said welding device to adjust said welding angle at a selected rate.

12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein the y position at which said member encounters each corrugation 1 r v far, adjustable with respect to the position at which the 24 NOV 1987 •• ~u" part of the guide bearing against the web encounters the same corrugation to facilitate the welding of girders comprising webs with non-parallel corrugations.

13. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 12 wherein said girder is moved at a rate varied to achieve a substantially constant speed of the welding devices along said welding path.

14. A method of fabricating a plate web girder of the kind comprising two flanges spaced apart by a web, said method comprising the steps of positioning said flanges relative to said web, positioning a plurality of v/elding devices at spaced apart locations along said girders, said devices being adapted to follow a respective portion of a welding path defined by the intersection of said web and a flange; actuating said devices and simultaneously moving said girder longitudinally relative to said devices.

15. A method as claimed in claim 14 further comprising the steps of positioning said welding devices at equally spaced apart locations and moving said girde.r for a •» distance corresponding to the distance between adjacent devices.

16. A method as'-claimed in claim 14 or claim 15 further comprising the step of maintaining each welding device at a predetermined distance from the web at each point along the path.

17. A method as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 16 further comprising the step of maintaining each said welding device at predetermined distance from the flange 2 Hs 8 adjacent the respective welding path at each point along the path.

18. A method as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 17 in which said girder is moved at a substantially constant rate.

19. A method as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 17 for fabricating a plate web girder comprising two flanges spaced apart by a corrugated web as herein defined, further comprising the step of maintaining the welding angle between the respective welding path and the respective welding device substantially constant for each point along said path.

20. A method as claimed in claim 19 further comprising the step maintaining the welding angle by adjusting the respective welding devices in response to movement of the guide over the corrugations of said web.

21. A method as claimed in claim 19 or claim 20 wherein said girder is moved at a rate varied to achieve a substantially constant speed of the welding devices along said welding path.

22. An apparatus for fabricating a plate web girder of the kind comprising two flanges spaced apart by a web, said apparatus being substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

23. A method of fabricating a plate web girder of the kind comprising two flanges spaced apart by a web, said method being substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.. \>. " 13 T 16 SEP 1986 H Sd-iLfajglL V, / co. : c C p | >j Patent Attorneys for the Applicant(s).