NO823494L - WATER-SOLUBLE COPOLYMERIZATE, ITS MANUFACTURING AND USE - Google Patents
WATER-SOLUBLE COPOLYMERIZATE, ITS MANUFACTURING AND USEInfo
- Publication number
- NO823494L NO823494L NO823494A NO823494A NO823494L NO 823494 L NO823494 L NO 823494L NO 823494 A NO823494 A NO 823494A NO 823494 A NO823494 A NO 823494A NO 823494 L NO823494 L NO 823494L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- formula
- residues
- water
- copolymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ILCQQHAOOOVHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound C=CNC(=O)C=C ILCQQHAOOOVHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 borate anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylacetamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C(C)=O PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfinic acid Chemical compound O[S@@](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- URSLCTBXQMKCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogenborate Chemical compound OB(O)[O-] URSLCTBXQMKCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical class NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021395 porridge Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinic acid Chemical compound OS=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLUWLNIMIAFOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzenesulfinic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)=O VLUWLNIMIAFOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYBIGIADVHIODH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nonylphenol;oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O DYBIGIADVHIODH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formic acid Chemical compound OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N Sorbitan trioleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004147 Sorbitan trioleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- BLCKNMAZFRMCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound C1CCCCC1OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 BLCKNMAZFRMCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004289 sodium hydrogen sulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-ethenylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000391 sorbitan trioleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004552 water soluble powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F226/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
- C08F226/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a single or double bond to nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring substituted by heteroatoms or groups containing heteroatoms
- C08F212/30—Sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
- C09K8/18—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the organic compounds
- C09K8/22—Synthetic organic compounds
- C09K8/24—Polymers
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Description
Oppfinnelsen vedrører et nytt vannoppløselig copolymerisat som i statistisk fordeling til 5 til 95 vekt-% består av rester med formel I The invention relates to a new water-soluble copolymer which, in a statistical distribution of 5 to 95% by weight, consists of residues of formula I
5 til 95 vekt-% av rester med formel II 0 til 80 vekt-% av rester med formel III 5 to 95% by weight of residues of formula II 0 to 80% by weight of residues of formula III
samt dets ved partialhydrolyse oppnåelig derivat, idet as well as its derivative obtainable by partial hydrolysis, ie
R 1 og R 2 er like eller forskjellige og betyr hydrogen, metyl eller etyl eller sammen betyr trimetylen eller pentametylen R 3 betyr hydrogen eller metyl, og R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and mean hydrogen, methyl or ethyl or together mean trimethylene or pentamethylene R 3 means hydrogen or methyl, and
betyr et kation, samt dets fremstilling og anvendelse. means a cation, as well as its preparation and application.
Kopolymerisatet ifølge oppfinnelsen er fremragende egnet som borespyletilsetning og som tilsetning for dypboringssementslam. The copolymer according to the invention is excellently suitable as a drilling fluid additive and as an additive for deep drilling cement mud.
Foretrukkede kopolymerisater ifølge oppfinnelsen består i statistisk fordeling til 40 - 80%av rester med formel I, Preferred copolymers according to the invention consist in a statistical distribution of 40 - 80% of residues with formula I,
10 - 30 vekt-% av rester med formel II og til 0-60 vekt-%10-30% by weight of residues with formula II and up to 0-60% by weight
av rester med formel III.of residues of formula III.
Kationet kan prinsipielt avlede seg fra en hver vannopp-løselig kjent base hvis styrke er tilstrekkelig til å nøy-^tralisere sulfogruppene av kopolymeren ifølge oppfinnelsen og som ikke påvirker kopolymerenes vannoppløselighet. Valget kan således foregå på enkel kjent måte. The cation can in principle be derived from a water-soluble known base whose strength is sufficient to neutralize the sulfo groups of the copolymer according to the invention and which does not affect the water solubility of the copolymers. The choice can thus take place in a simple, familiar way.
Hensiktsmessig betyr imidlertid X ^ et alkalikation, spesielt et natrium- eller kaliumkation eller et kation med formel Conveniently, however, X ^ means an alkali cation, especially a sodium or potassium cation or a cation of formula
© 4 4 © 4 4
HNR^ , idet de tre rester R er like eller forskjellige og betyr hydrogen, alkyl med 1 til 4 C-atomer eller hydroksyetyl. HNR^ , where the three residues R are the same or different and mean hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 C atoms or hydroxyethyl.
I det ved hjelp av partialhydrolyse av kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnåelige derivater er en del på ijntil 60%, fortrinnsvis 10 - 30% av de opprinnelige tilstedeværende rester med formel III erstattet med rester med formel V In the derivatives obtainable by partial hydrolysis of the copolymers according to the invention, a portion of up to 60%, preferably 10 - 30%, of the originally present residues of formula III is replaced by residues of formula V
idet X<®> as X<®>
har overnevnte betydning. has the above meaning.
Den meget gode dispersjonstabilisefende og viskositetsøkende virkning av kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen og deres partialhydrolysater i konsentrerte saltoppløsninger og deres temperaturstabilitet øker i mange tilfeller videre ved nærvær av boratanioner. Disse fordelaktige boratanionholdige kopolymerisater ifølge oppfinnelsen og deres partialhydrolysater inneholder beregnet som H^BO^, 2,5 til 35 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis 5 til 25 vekt-% boratanioner referert til den uforsåpede poly-mer s vekt. The very good dispersion-stabilizing and viscosity-increasing effect of the copolymers according to the invention and their partial hydrolysates in concentrated salt solutions and their temperature stability increases in many cases further in the presence of borate anions. These advantageous borate anion-containing copolymers according to the invention and their partial hydrolysates contain, calculated as H^BO^, 2.5 to 35% by weight, preferably 5 to 25% by weight, borate anions referred to the weight of the unsaponified polymer.
Foruten på de gunstige egenskaper av de i kopolymeren inne-holdte funksjonelle grupper beror den i forhold til de tidligere kjente kopolymere høyere viskositeter i konsentrerte saltopp-løsninger samt temperaturstabiliteten sannsynligvis på en ekstra interaksjon av boratanioner med kjedene av kopolymeren. In addition to the favorable properties of the functional groups contained in the copolymer, the higher viscosities in concentrated salt solutions than the previously known copolymers and the temperature stability are probably due to an additional interaction of borate anions with the chains of the copolymer.
Sulfonsyregruppen kan i rester med formel I står i 2-,3-stilling og spesielt i 4-stilling av fenylkjernen. Kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan imidlertid også inneholde statistisk fordelt ved siden av 4-sulfofenyl-restene de andre isomere rester. Disse er da spesielt foretrukket når de isomere foreligger i en slik fordeling slik de er til stede i den tekniske rå styrensulfonsyre. The sulfonic acid group can in residues of formula I be in the 2-,3-position and especially in the 4-position of the phenyl nucleus. However, the copolymers according to the invention can also contain statistically distributed next to the 4-sulfophenyl residues the other isomeric residues. These are then particularly preferred when the isomers are present in such a distribution as they are present in the technical crude styrene sulfonic acid.
Kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan i molekylet av hver av de ved de generelle formler II og II definerte bygnings-grupper selvsagt også inneholder flere forskjellige individer som adskxller seg i betydningen av symbolene R -i , R 2 og R 3. The copolymers according to the invention can of course also contain in the molecule of each of the structural groups defined by the general formulas II and II several different individuals that differ in the meaning of the symbols R -i , R 2 and R 3 .
Således kan de f.eks. i samme polymermolekyl såvel inneholde ringåpne ved siden av ringlukkede vinylamid-bygningsstener med formel II eller også acrylamid- ved siden av metacrylamid-rester. Thus, they can e.g. in the same polymer molecule both contain ring-open next to ring-closed vinylamide building blocks with formula II or also acrylamide next to methacrylamide residues.
Vanligvis inneholder kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen av grupper—med-den-generelle formel -IX—ikke mer enn 3, fortrinnsvis ikke mer enn hver gang 2 forskjellige bygningsstener. Generally, the copolymers according to the invention of groups—with the general formula -IX—contain no more than 3, preferably no more than each time 2 different building blocks.
Fremstillingen av vannoppløselig polymerisater som inneholder innbygget sulfonsyregrupper i makromolekylet, er allerede utførlig omtalt i tallrike patenter samt i faglitteraturen. Således er f.eks. syntesen av kopolymere av vinylsulfonsyre med acrylamid og vinylpyrrolidon offentliggjort i J.Polymer Sei. , 38. 147 (1959) . The production of water-soluble polymers containing built-in sulfonic acid groups in the macromolecule has already been described in detail in numerous patents and in the technical literature. Thus, e.g. the synthesis of copolymers of vinylsulfonic acid with acrylamide and vinylpyrrolidone published in J.Polymer Sei. , 38. 147 (1959) .
I tysk patent 1 101 760 er det blitt omtalt en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av vannoppløselig kopolymerisater av vinylsulfonsyre og acrylnitril respektiv metacrylnitril eventuelt i blanding med ytterligere etylenisk umettede forbindelser. Kopolymerisater av vinyl respektiv alkylsulfonater med acrylamid og vinylamider er f.eks. omtalt i DAS 2 444 108. In German patent 1 101 760, a method for the production of water-soluble copolymers of vinyl sulphonic acid and acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, optionally in admixture with further ethylenically unsaturated compounds, has been described. Copolymers of vinyl or alkyl sulphonates with acrylamide and vinyl amides are e.g. mentioned in DAS 2 444 108.
Vannoppløselige kopolymerisater som inneholder styrensulfonsyre som komonomer er allerede kjent fra tallrike publika-sjoner. Således er eksempelvis kopolymerisater av styrensulfonsyre og acrylsyre ifølge US patent 3 340 238 å anvende som flokningsmiddel,ifølge US patent 3 620 826 som"soil-release"-middel og ifølge DE-OS 2 103 197 å anvende som anti-statikum for fotoemulsjoner. Kopolymere av styrensulfonsyre og acrylamid kan ifølge DE-OS 2 210 367 anvendes til'fremstilling av mikrokapsler. Fra britisk patent 1 184 445 er det kjent å anvende kopolymerisater av vinylpyrrolidon bl.a. med styrensulfonsyre som hjelpemiddel ved gjennomføring av en fotografisk sølv-fargeblikk-fremgangsmåte. Også fremstillingen av fiberdannende, surt modifiserte polymere som som hovedmonomer har acrylnitril er f.eks. kjent fra japansk patent 7 028 011 (CA 7_4 P 127 379 q) og den japanske Kokai 74 - 111 326. Water-soluble copolymers containing styrene sulfonic acid as comonomer are already known from numerous publications. Thus, for example, copolymers of styrenesulfonic acid and acrylic acid according to US patent 3 340 238 are to be used as flocculants, according to US patent 3 620 826 as "soil-release" agents and according to DE-OS 2 103 197 to be used as anti-static agents for photoemulsions. According to DE-OS 2 210 367, copolymers of styrenesulfonic acid and acrylamide can be used for the production of microcapsules. From British patent 1 184 445, it is known to use copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone i.a. with styrenesulfonic acid as an aid in carrying out a photographic silver-colour tin process. Also the production of fiber-forming, acid-modified polymers that have acrylonitrile as the main monomer is e.g. known from Japanese patent 7 028 011 (CA 7_4 P 127 379 q) and the Japanese Kokai 74 - 111 326.
Vannoppløselig kopolymere av monomerkombinasjonen ifølge oppfinnelsen er imidlertid hittil ikke vært kjent. However, water-soluble copolymers of the monomer combination according to the invention have not been known to date.
Kopolymerisatene ifølge oppf innel-s e-n— såvidt de inneholder inn= 1 2 polymerisert komonomere med formel II, hvor R og R sammen betyr trimetylen eller pentametylen, lar seg fremstille'på den fra teknikkens stand kjente måte, f.eks. ifølge angivelsen i US patent 3 939 741 ved omsetning av de monomere ved temperaturer på ca. 10 til 120°C, fortrinnsvis ved 40 til 80°C, The copolymers according to the invention, insofar as they contain 12 polymerized comonomers of formula II, where R and R together mean trimethylene or pentamethylene, can be prepared in the manner known from the state of the art, e.g. according to the specification in US patent 3 939 741 by reaction of the monomers at temperatures of approx. 10 to 120°C, preferably at 40 to 80°C,
i nærvær av egnede polymerisasjonskatalysatorer.in the presence of suitable polymerization catalysts.
Når man under analoge betingelser gjennomfører kopolymerisasjonen av styrensulfonsyre med ikke ringsluttede N-vinylamider, When, under analogous conditions, the copolymerization of styrene sulfonic acid is carried out with non-ring-closed N-vinylamides,
.dvs. slike med den generelle formel.ie those with the general formula
1 2 1 2
hvorx R og R er like eller forskjellige og betyr hydrogen, metyl eller etyl, så opptrer imidlertid bireaksjoner og polymerisasjonen til vannoppløselige produkter er hindret. where x R and R are the same or different and mean hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, then however side reactions occur and the polymerization to water-soluble products is prevented.
Såvidt kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen inneholder rester med formel II, hvor R 1 og R 2 ikke sammen betyr trimetylen, er det nødvendig å overføre styrensulfonsyren før polymerisasjonen ved tilsetninger av baser til salt med kationet X . De herved hensiktmessige anvendte baser er hydroksydene eller saltene av kationene X med svake syrer, som f.eks. karbonsyre eller fosforsyre, eller i tilfelle av aminbaser JSfH^ eller de frie aminer. Insofar as the copolymers according to the invention contain residues of formula II, where R 1 and R 2 do not together mean trimethylene, it is necessary to transfer the styrene sulfonic acid before the polymerization by additions of bases to salt with the cation X . The appropriate bases used here are the hydroxides or salts of the cations X with weak acids, such as e.g. carbonic acid or phosphoric acid, or in the case of amine bases JSfH^ or the free amines.
Nøytraliseringen av de sure komponenter før polymerisasjonenThe neutralization of the acidic components before polymerization
er imidlertid også mulig ved kopolymerisasjonen av ringsluttede forbindelser og vanligvis sågar fordelaktig. is however also possible in the copolymerization of ring-closed compounds and usually even advantageous.
Hensiktsmessig tilsettes således for fremstilling av hver gang 100 vektdeler av kopolymerisatet 5 til 95 vektdeler styrensulfonsyre med formel Ia Appropriately, 5 to 95 parts by weight of styrenesulfonic acid of formula Ia are thus added for the production of each time 100 parts by weight of the copolymer
oppløst i vann eller en vann/alkanolblanding, hvori også det ferdige kopolymerisat dessuten er oppløselig eller et vannblandbart organisk oppløsningsmiddel for det tilfelle at R 1 og R<2>ikke sammen betyr trimetylen eller pentametylen, obligatorisk for det tilfelle at R 1 og R 2 sammen betyr trimetylen eller pentametylen, eventuelt ved tilsetning av en base nøytraliserer sulfonsyren, deretter tilsettes 5 til 95 vektdeler av et vinylacylamid med formel Ila dissolved in water or a water/alkanol mixture, in which also the finished copolymer is also soluble or a water-miscible organic solvent in the case that R 1 and R<2> do not together mean trimethylene or pentamethylene, mandatory in the case that R 1 and R 2 together means trimethylene or pentamethylene, optionally by adding a base neutralizes the sulphonic acid, then 5 to 95 parts by weight of a vinyl acylamide of formula IIa are added
hvori R 1 og R 2 er like eller forskjellige og betyr hydrogen, metyl eller etyl eller sammentrimetylen og eventuelt 0 til 80 vektdeler acrylamid og/eller metacrylamid og kopolymerisasjonen innledes på i og for seg kjent måte og gjennomføres ved 10 til 120°C. in which R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and mean hydrogen, methyl or ethyl or combined trimethylene and optionally 0 to 80 parts by weight of acrylamide and/or methacrylamide and the copolymerization is initiated in a manner known per se and is carried out at 10 to 120°C.
Foretrukket er anvendelsen av styren-4-sulfonsyre. Isomerene kan imidlertid også anvendes i blanding, spesielt er det for delaktig å anvende teknisk styrensulfonsyre, dvs. den ved fremstilling dannede isomerblanding. The use of styrene-4-sulfonic acid is preferred. However, the isomers can also be used in a mixture, in particular it is too partial to use technical styrenesulfonic acid, i.e. the isomer mixture formed during production.
Foretrukkede kopolymerisater ifølge oppfinnelsen fåes når det for fremstilling av hver gang 100 vektdeler av kopolymerisatet anvendes 40 - 80 vektdeler styrensulfonsyre med formel Ia, 10 - 30 vektdeler av vinylacylamid med formel Ila, 0-60 vektdeler acrylamid og/eller metacrylamid. Preferred copolymers according to the invention are obtained when 40-80 parts by weight of styrenesulfonic acid of formula Ia, 10-30 parts by weight of vinyl acylamide of formula Ila, 0-60 parts by weight of acrylamide and/or methacrylamide are used for the production of each 100 parts by weight of the copolymer.
Polymerisasjonen kan utføres som oppløsningspolymerisasjon som fellingspolymerisasjon eller i omvendt emulsjon, f.eks. ifølge angivelsen i det tyske patent 1 0 89 173. The polymerization can be carried out as solution polymerization as precipitation polymerization or in reverse emulsion, e.g. according to the specification in the German patent 1 0 89 173.
Ved anvendelsen av vann eller en vann/alkanolblanding som opp-løsningsmiddel, idet det anvendes en med vann blandbar alkanol med 1 til 4 C-atomer og det ferdige kopolymerisat er oppløselig i -vann/alkanolblandingen-for løper-pol-ymerisas jonen under «betingelsene for oppløsningspolymerisasjon og det fåes en viskos vandig respektiv vandig/alkanolisk oppløsning av kopolymerisatet ifølge oppfinnelsen hvorfra produktet kan isoleres ved av-destillering av oppløsningsmiddelet eller ved utfelling av blanding av oppløsningen med-et vannblandbart organisk opp-løsningsmiddel som metanol, etanol, aceton eller lignende. When using water or a water/alkanol mixture as a solvent, a water-miscible alkanol with 1 to 4 C atoms is used and the finished copolymer is soluble in the water/alkanol mixture for the run-on polymerization under the conditions for solution polymerization and a viscous aqueous or aqueous/alkanolic solution of the copolymer according to the invention is obtained from which the product can be isolated by distilling off the solvent or by precipitation by mixing the solution with a water-miscible organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetone or the like.
Fortrinnsvis tilføres imidlertid den dannede vandige respektive vandig/alkanoliske oppløsning direkte eventuelt etter innstilling av en ønsket konsentrasjon til den bestemmelsesmessige anvendelse. Preferably, however, the formed aqueous or respective aqueous/alkanolic solution is supplied directly, possibly after setting a desired concentration for the intended use.
Ved gjennomføring av polymerisasjonen i omvendt emulsjon emulgeres den vandige monomere oppløsning på kjent måte i et med vann ikke blandbart organisk oppløsningsmiddel som cykloheksan, tcaluen, xylen, heptan eller frittkokende bensinf raks joner under tilsetning av 0,5 - 8%, fortrinnsvis 1-4% kjente emulgatorer av vann/olje-typen og polymeriseres med vanlig radikaldannede initiator. When carrying out the polymerization in reverse emulsion, the aqueous monomer solution is emulsified in a known manner in a water-immiscible organic solvent such as cyclohexane, tcaluene, xylene, heptane or free-boiling gasoline fractions with the addition of 0.5 - 8%, preferably 1-4 % known emulsifiers of the water/oil type and are polymerized with the usual free-radical initiator.
Initiatoren kan såvel være av>j vannoppløselig natur og oppløsesThe initiator can both be of a water-soluble nature and dissolve
da i monomeroppløsningen, den kan imidlertid også være olje-oppløselig og tilsettes i dette tilfelle til den ferdige vann/ olje-emulsjon eller oljefasen. En detaljert omtale av fremgangsmåten finnes eksempelvis i tysk patent i 089 173. then in the monomer solution, however, it can also be oil-soluble and in this case added to the finished water/oil emulsion or the oil phase. A detailed description of the method can be found, for example, in German patent 089 173.
Ved gjennomføring av kopolymerisasjonen i et med vann blandbart organisk oppløsningsmiddel arbeider man under betingelsene av utfellingspolymerisasjon. Herved fremkommer polymerisatet direkte i fast form og kan isoleres ved avdestiliering av opp-løsningsmiddelet eller frasugning og tørkning. When carrying out the copolymerization in a water-miscible organic solvent, one works under the conditions of precipitation polymerization. In this way, the polymerizate appears directly in solid form and can be isolated by distilling off the solvent or suction and drying.
Som vannbåre organiske oppløsningsmidler som er egnet til gjennom-føring av fremstillingsfremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelseji kommer det spesielt i betraktning vannoppløselige alkanoler, nemlig slike med 1 til 4 C-atomer som metano, etanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-,. sek..-_jag iso-butanol, fortrinnsvis imidlertid tert.butanol. As water-borne organic solvents which are suitable for carrying out the production process according to the invention, water-soluble alkanols come into particular consideration, namely those with 1 to 4 C atoms such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-,. sec..-_jag iso-butanol, preferably, however, tert.butanol.
Vanninnholdet av det herved som oppløsningsmiddel anvendte lav-ere alkanoler skal ikke overstige 6 vekt-%, da det ellers kan opptre en klumpdannelse ved polymerisasjonen. Fortrinnsvis arbeides ved et vanninnhold på 0•- 3%. The water content of the lower alkanols used as solvent must not exceed 6% by weight, as otherwise clumping may occur during the polymerization. Preferably work at a water content of 0•- 3%.
Mengden av anvendt oppløsningsmiddel retter seg til en vissThe amount of solvent used is directed towards a certain
grad etter typen av den anvendte komonomer.degree according to the type of comonomial used.
Vanligvis anvendes pr. 100 g samlet monomer 200 til 1000 g oppløsningsmiddel. Usually used per 100 g total monomer 200 to 1000 g solvent.
Foretrukket er gjennomføringen av reaksjonen i et miljø medIt is preferred to carry out the reaction in an environment with
høy vanndel, dvs. under betingelse av oppløsning- respektiv gelpolymerisasjon eller emulsjonspolymerisasjon. high water content, i.e. under conditions of solution or gel polymerization or emulsion polymerization.
Kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen er eventuelt dessuten partielt forsåpet. Som forsåpningsmiddel kan det prinsippielt anvendes en hver vannoppløselig base, hvis styrke er tilstrekkelig for den reaksjon med de hydrolyserbare grupper. Foretrukket blir imidlertid NaOH, KOH, IIH^eller nøytrale eller sure alkali (spesielt natrium- og kalium-) og ammoniumsalter av karbon- The copolymers according to the invention are optionally also partially saponified. As a saponification agent, a water-soluble base can in principle be used, the strength of which is sufficient for the reaction with the hydrolyzable groups. However, preference is given to NaOH, KOH, IIH^ or neutral or acid alkali (especially sodium and potassium) and ammonium salts of carbon-
syre, borsyre og fosforsyre. Forsåpningsmiddelet tilsettes enten allerede til monomeroppløsningen eller blandes med polymerisatet. Forsåpningen foregår derfor alt etter fremgangsmåte allerede under den normalt eksotermt forløpende polymerisasjon eller ved ytterligere varmetilførsel i tilknytning til polymerisas jonen . Det er også mulig med en kombinasjon av begge fremgangsmåter. acid, boric acid and phosphoric acid. The saponification agent is either already added to the monomer solution or mixed with the polymer. Depending on the method, the saponification therefore takes place already during the normally exothermic polymerisation or by additional heat input in connection with the polymerisation. A combination of both methods is also possible.
De i mange tilfeller fordelaktige boratanionholdige produkterThe in many cases beneficial products containing borate anion
kan fåes på enkel måte, idet natrium- eller kaliumsalter av borsyre (orto-, meta- eller polyborater respektiv borsyre sammen med NaOH eller KOH) anvendes som forsåpningsmiddél. can be obtained in a simple way, as sodium or potassium salts of boric acid (ortho-, meta- or polyborates respectively boric acid together with NaOH or KOH) are used as saponification agents.
Kopolymerisater ifølge oppfinnelsen og som skal anvendes ifølge oppfinnelsen med spesiell høy polymerisasjonsgrad fåes når polymerisasjonen gjennomføres i vandig oppløsning etter fremgangsmåten med såkalt gelpolymerisasjon. Derved polymeriseres 5 - 50%ig vandig oppløsninger av de komonomere med kjente egnede katalysatorsystemer og eventuelt med et av de nevnte forsåpnings-midler uten mekanisk gjennomblanding under utnyttelse av Tromms-dorff-Norrish-effekten (Bios Final Rep. 363,22; Makromol.Chem. Copolymers according to the invention and to be used according to the invention with a particularly high degree of polymerization are obtained when the polymerization is carried out in aqueous solution according to the method of so-called gel polymerization. Thereby, 5 - 50% aqueous solutions of the comonomers are polymerized with known suitable catalyst systems and possibly with one of the aforementioned saponification agents without mechanical mixing while utilizing the Tromms-dorff-Norrish effect (Bios Final Rep. 363,22; Makromol. Chem.
_1, 169 (1947). Av de høye viskositeter av vandige, spesielt elektrolyttholdige vandige oppløsninger av de på denne måte fremstilte ifølge oppfinnelsen og ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendbare vannoppløselige kopolymerisater lar seg vurdere under tilgrunn-leggelse av de vanlige modell-forestillinger over sammenheng av viskositet og midlere molekylvekt av polymere stoffer samt under hensyntagen av sammenligningsverdier av tilsvarende byggede polymere for produktene ifølge oppfinnelsen av midlere molekylvekter på fra 2 . 10^ til 20 x 10^. Polymerisasjons-réaksjonen kan gjennomføres såvel ved normaltrykk som også _1, 169 (1947). The high viscosities of aqueous, especially electrolyte-containing aqueous solutions of the water-soluble copolymers produced in this way according to the invention and applicable according to the invention can be assessed on the basis of the usual model concepts of the relationship between viscosity and average molecular weight of polymeric substances as well as under taking into account comparative values of similarly constructed polymers for the products according to the invention of average molecular weights of from 2. 10^ to 20 x 10^. The polymerization reaction can be carried out at normal pressure as well
under forhøyet trykk. Som vanlig kan polymerisasjonen også utføres i en beskyttelsesgassatmosfære, fortrinnsvis under nitrogen. under elevated pressure. As usual, the polymerization can also be carried out in a protective gas atmosphere, preferably under nitrogen.
Til starting av polymerisasjonen kan det anvendes energirike elektromagnetiske stråler eller de vanlige kjmiske polymerisa-sjonsinitiatorer, f.eks. organiske peroksyder som benzoyl-peroksyd, tert.butyl-hydroperoksyd, metyl-etyl-keton-peroksyd, cumol-hydroperoksyd, azoforbindelsef som azo-di-iso-butyro-nitril eller 2,2<1->azo-bis(a-amidinopropan)-dihydroklorid To start the polymerization, high-energy electromagnetic rays or the usual chemical polymerization initiators can be used, e.g. organic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, tert.butyl hydroperoxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, azo compounds such as azo-di-iso-butyronitrile or 2,2<1->azo-bis(a- amidinopropane)-dihydrochloride
samt uorganiske peroksyforbindelser som (NH.)„S_0o eller KoS_0o as well as inorganic peroxy compounds such as (NH.)„S_0o or KoS_0o
4 zZoZ Z oeller H-O- eventuelt i kombinasjon med reduksjonsmidler som natriumhydrogensulfit og jern-II-sulfat eller redokssysterner, 4 zZoZ Z oor H-O- possibly in combination with reducing agents such as sodium hydrogen sulphite and iron-II-sulphate or redox esters,
som som reduserende komponenter inneholder en alifatisk og aromatisk sulfinsyre som benzensulfinsyre-og toluensulfinsyre eller derivater av disse syrer som f.eks.Mannichaddukter av sulfinsyre, aldehyder og aminoforbindelser, slik de omtales i tysk patent 1 301 5 66. Pr. 100 g samlet monomer anvendes vanligvi~s~~070 3 til 2 g av polymérTsasjonsinitiatoren. which as reducing components contain an aliphatic and aromatic sulfinic acid such as benzenesulfinic acid and toluenesulfinic acid or derivatives of these acids such as e.g. Mannich adducts of sulfinic acid, aldehydes and amino compounds, as described in German patent 1 301 5 66. Per 100 g total monomer 3 to 2 g of the polymerization initiator are usually used.
Ved flere timers etteroppvarmning av de ved fremgangsmåtenAfter several hours of post-heating of those in the procedure
ifølge gelpolymerisasjonen dannede polymerisatgeler i temperaturer på 50 - 130°C, fortrinnsvis 70 - 100°C, kan polymerisat-enes kvalitetsegenskaper dessuten forbedres. according to the gel polymerization, polymer gels formed at temperatures of 50 - 130°C, preferably 70 - 100°C, the quality characteristics of the polymers can also be improved.
De på denne måte fremstilte i form av vandig gele foreliggende kopolymerisater ifølge oppfinnelsen kan etter mekanisk knusning med egnede apparater oppløses direkte i vann og komme til anvendelse. De kan imidlertid også etter fjerning av vannet fåes ved kjente tørkningsprosesser i fast form og først ved deres anvendelse igjen oppløses i vann. The copolymers according to the invention produced in this way in the form of an aqueous gel can, after mechanical crushing with suitable devices, be dissolved directly in water and put to use. However, they can also be obtained after removal of the water by known drying processes in solid form and only when they are used again dissolved in water.
Kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen er fremragende egnet som hjelpemiddel ved borspylinger. De viser derved en meget god béskyttelseskolloid virkning såvel ved høye temperaturer som også ved høye elektrolyttkonsentrasjoner og er spesielt med hensyn til elektrolyttstabilitet og aldringsbestandighet be-traktelig overlegen de nærmest sammenlignbare fra US patent 2 775 557 og tysk patent 1 300 481 og 2 44 108 kjente borspyle-tilsetninger. The copolymers according to the invention are excellently suitable as an aid in drill flushing. They thereby show a very good protective colloidal effect both at high temperatures and at high electrolyte concentrations and, especially with regard to electrolyte stability and aging resistance, are considerably superior to the most comparable ones known from US patent 2 775 557 and German patent 1 300 481 and 2 44 108 drill-flush additives.
I forhold til kopolymerisatene ifølge tysk offenlegungsschriftIn relation to the copolymers according to German offenlegungsschrift
29 31 897.6 har produktene ifølge oppfinnelsen en videre forbedret kombinasjon av verdifulle anvendelsestekniske egenskaper som spesielt virker fordelaktig ved anvendelse fra spesielt kritiske boroppgaver under vanskelige betingelser i store dybder og i nærvær av formasjonsvann med meget høyt elektrolyttinnhold. 29 31 897.6, the products according to the invention have a further improved combination of valuable application technical properties which are particularly advantageous when used from particularly critical drilling tasks under difficult conditions at great depths and in the presence of formation water with a very high electrolyte content.
Polymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen utmerker seg dessuten spesielt ved stabilitet i forhold til 10 - 40%ig mineralsyrer som HC1, HNO^, E^ SO^, HCIO^, osv., likeledes overfor organiske The polymers according to the invention are also particularly distinguished by their stability in relation to 10 - 40% mineral acids such as HC1, HNO^, E^SO^, HCIO^, etc., as well as to organic
syrer som HCOOH og CH^COOH. Selv ved flere timers lagring av de sure oppløsninger opptrer ingen utfelling. Kopolymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen er derfor også egnet på fremragende måte som fortykkere for syrer. acids such as HCOOH and CH^COOH. Even when the acidic solutions are stored for several hours, no precipitation occurs. The copolymers according to the invention are therefore also excellently suitable as thickeners for acids.
Til formulering av vandige borspylinger anvendes blandings-polymerisatene ifølge oppfinnelsen i konsentrasjoner fra 0,5 For the formulation of aqueous drill rinses, the mixed polymers according to the invention are used in concentrations from 0.5
til 40 kg/m 3 , fortrinnsvis 3-30 kg/m 3. De vandige borspylinger inneholder for viskositetsøkning og avtetning av gjennom-borede formasjoner overveiende bentonitter. For tetthetsøkning av borslammene tilsettes tungspat, kritt og jernoksyder. to 40 kg/m 3 , preferably 3-30 kg/m 3 . The aqueous drilling washes contain mainly bentonites for viscosity increase and sealing of drilled through formations. To increase the density of the drilling muds, tungspar, chalk and iron oxides are added.
Bentonitt, tungspat, kritt og jernoksyd< kan tilsettes aleneBentonite, tungspar, chalk and iron oxide< can be added alone
eller i de forskjelligste blandingsforhold til borspylingene.or in the most varied mixing ratios for the drill flushes.
Den begrensende faktor oppad er borslammets reologiske egenskaper. The upward limiting factor is the rheological properties of the drilling mud.
Npr kopolymerisater ifølge oppfinnelsen settes til vanlig dypboresementslam, så får man prosukter med forbedret flyte- og avbindingsegenskaper. When copolymers according to the invention are added to ordinary deep borehole cement mud, you get products with improved flow and setting properties.
I de følgende utførelseseksempler som viser fremstillingenIn the following embodiment examples which show the manufacture
av ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendbare vannoppløselige kopolymere og i de følgende tabeller er det anvendt følgende forkortelser: of water-soluble copolymers that can be used according to the invention and in the following tables the following abbreviations are used:
AM : AcrylamidAM : Acrylamide
MAM : MetacrylsyreamidMAM : Methacrylic acid amide
VFA : VinylformamidVFA : Vinylformamide
VMA : N-vinyl-N-metyl-acetamidVMA : N-vinyl-N-methyl-acetamide
VPYR : N-vinylpyrrolidonVPYR : N-vinylpyrrolidone
VCAP : N-vinylkaprolactamVCAP : N-vinylcaprolactam
SSS : Styrensulfonsyre, idet høytallene har SSS : Styrene sulfonic acid, as the high numbers have
overnevnte betydninger.above meanings.
I spalten "katalysatorer" betyrIn the column "catalysts" means
A : AzoisobutyronitrilA : Azoisobutyronitrile
B : Ammoniumpers.ulf at.B : Ammonium pers.ulf at.
Eksempel 1Example 1
I en polymerisasjonskolbe på 1 liters innhold utrustet med røreverk, gassinnledningsrør og termometer has 400 g vann og deri oppløses 90 g natrium-p-styrensulfonat samt 10 g N-vinyl-N-metylacetamid. Oppløsningen som har en pH-verdi på 13 oppvarmes under omrøring og innføring av an svak nitrogenstrøm til 60°C. Ved denne temperatur initieres polymerisasjonen ved tilsetning av en oppløsning av 0,5 g azoisobutyronitril i 2,5 g dimetylformamid. Etter en induksjonspériode på ca. 60 minutter starter polymerisasjonen, temperaturen øker i løpet av ca. 45 minutter til 67oC og reaksjonsblandirigen blir viskos. Det etteroppvarmes ennu 2 timer ved 80°C. Man får en klar gulbrun høyviskos oppløsning med en K-verdi på 19.0 ifølge Fikentscher som direkte kan tilføres anvendelsen som borspylingstiléetning. In a polymerization flask of 1 liter capacity equipped with a stirrer, gas inlet pipe and thermometer, 400 g of water are placed and 90 g of sodium p-styrenesulfonate and 10 g of N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide are dissolved in it. The solution, which has a pH value of 13, is heated with stirring and the introduction of a weak stream of nitrogen to 60°C. At this temperature, the polymerization is initiated by adding a solution of 0.5 g of azoisobutyronitrile in 2.5 g of dimethylformamide. After an induction period of approx. 60 minutes the polymerization starts, the temperature increases during approx. 45 minutes at 67oC and the reaction mixture becomes viscous. It is reheated for another 2 hours at 80°C. You get a clear yellow-brown highly viscous solution with a K-value of 19.0 according to Fikentscher, which can be directly added to the application as a drill-flushing oil.
På analog måte kan det også fremstilles de i følgende tabell oppstilte^kopolymerisater hvor"det—som xeaksjonsmedium tjener vann. In an analogous way, the copolymers listed in the following table can also be prepared where water serves as the reaction medium.
Eksempel 11 Example 11
I en polymerisasjonskolbe med 1 liters innhold utrustet med røreverk, gassinnføringsrør og termometer har 410 g vann og oppløses 130 g Na-styrensulfonat, 50 g acrylamid samt 20 g N-vinyl-N-metylacetamid. Oppløsningen innstilles på en temperatur på 21°C og tilsettes 10 g av en l%ig vandig ammonium-persulfat-oppløsning som katalysator. Reaksjonsoppløsningen har en pH-verdi på over 12. Røreren fjernes, man innfører en svak Nystrøm i oppløsningen. Etter en induksjonsperiode på ca. 2 timer starter polymerisasjonen og temperaturen stiger i løpet av lh time inntil 75°C. Det etteroppvarmes 2 timer ved 80°C. Man får en svak uklar, svak gulaktig etter avkjøling skjærbar gele med en K-verdi på 223 ifølge Fikentscher. Geleen knuses deretter mekanisk og tørkes ved 8 0°C i vakuumtørkeskap og males i en svingmølle til et fint, godt vannoppløselig pulver. In a polymerization flask with a 1 liter capacity equipped with a stirrer, gas introduction tube and thermometer have 410 g of water and dissolve 130 g of Na-styrene sulphonate, 50 g of acrylamide and 20 g of N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide. The solution is set at a temperature of 21°C and 10 g of a 1% aqueous ammonium persulphate solution is added as a catalyst. The reaction solution has a pH value of over 12. The stirrer is removed, a weak Nystrøm is introduced into the solution. After an induction period of approx. After 2 hours, the polymerization starts and the temperature rises to 75°C within 1 hour. It is reheated for 2 hours at 80°C. A slightly cloudy, slightly yellowish, cuttable gel is obtained after cooling with a K-value of 223 according to Fikentscher. The gel is then crushed mechanically and dried at 80°C in a vacuum drying cabinet and ground in a rotary mill to a fine, well water-soluble powder.
Eksempel 12Example 12
I en 1 liters glasskolbe utrustet med røreverk, tilbakeløps-kjøler og gassinnføringsrør tilbereder man en oppløsning av 7072 ~g ~av—eh "teknisk isoparaf rhbland~i"hg"~méd et kokeområdé på In a 1 liter glass flask equipped with a stirrer, reflux cooler and gas introduction tube, a solution of 7072 ~g ~of—eh "technical isoparaf rhbland~i"hg"~méd a boiling range of
200 - 240°C (ISOPAR M), 3,1 g av et kondensasjonsprodukt av sorbitan-trioleat med 20 mol etylenoksyd og 6,2 g diglycerol-sesquioleat (oppløsning I). 200 - 240°C (ISOPAR M), 3.1 g of a condensation product of sorbitan trioleate with 20 mol of ethylene oxide and 6.2 g of diglycerol sesquioleate (solution I).
I et annet kar oppløses i rekkefølge 7,8 g natriumstyren-sulfonat, 54,6 g acrylamid, 11,7 g N-vinylformamid og 3,9 g N-vinyl-N-metyl-acetamid i 10 2,5 g avionisert vann. Oppløs-ningens pH-verdi innstilles med få dråper 1-N-HCl til 7,5 (oppløsning II). In another vessel, 7.8 g of sodium styrene sulfonate, 54.6 g of acrylamide, 11.7 g of N-vinylformamide and 3.9 g of N-vinyl-N-methyl-acetamide are dissolved in 10 2.5 g of deionized water . The solution's pH value is adjusted with a few drops of 1-N-HCl to 7.5 (solution II).
Oppløsning II emulgeres nu ved værelsetemperatur i oppløsningSolution II is now emulsified at room temperature in solution
I, deretter spyler man emulsjonen under god omrøring 30 minutter med nitrogen og oppvarmer til slutt til 65°C. Så snart denne temperatur er nådd tilsprøytes en oppløsning av 25 mg dicyklo-heksyl-peroksydikarbonat i 0,5 ml toluen. Etter en induksjonsperiode på 20 - 30 minutter starter polymerisasjonen, hvilket ses på en økning av den indre temperatur, samtidig blir emulsjonen stadig mer transparent. Den maksimale reaksjonstemperatur bør ikke vesentlig overstige 9 0°C,hvis nødvendig må det avkjøles. I, the emulsion is then flushed with nitrogen for 30 minutes with good stirring and finally heated to 65°C. As soon as this temperature is reached, a solution of 25 mg of dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate in 0.5 ml of toluene is injected. After an induction period of 20 - 30 minutes, the polymerization starts, which can be seen by an increase in the internal temperature, at the same time the emulsion becomes increasingly transparent. The maximum reaction temperature should not significantly exceed 90°C, if necessary it must be cooled.
Etter avslutning av hovedreaksjonen oppvarmer man dessutenAfter completion of the main reaction, heating is also carried out
30 minutter ved 70°C og lar det deretter avkjøle til værelsetemperatur. 30 minutes at 70°C and then allow it to cool to room temperature.
Man får en lagringsstabil lavviskos vann/olje-emulsjon med et polymerinnhold på 30%. Utvinningen av kopolymerisatet i stoff kan lett foregå ved at man heller den foreliggende vandige emulsjon med et overskudd av aceton. Kopolymerisatet faller derved ut og kan f.eks. isoleres ved frafiltrering, frasugning eller sentrifugering eller eventuelt ettervasking med aceton. You get a storage-stable low-viscosity water/oil emulsion with a polymer content of 30%. The recovery of the copolymer in substance can easily take place by pouring the present aqueous emulsion with an excess of acetone. The copolymer thereby falls out and can e.g. is isolated by filtration, suction or centrifugation or possibly washing with acetone.
Eksempel 13 - 16Example 13 - 16
Man går frem som i eksempel 12, vannfasen (oppløsning II) Proceed as in example 12, the water phase (solution II)
har imidlertid den ifølgende tabell II angitte sammensetning: however, has the following composition indicated in Table II:
Isoleringen av polymerisatene kan som nevnt ovenfor foregå ved utfelling med et vannblandbart og oljefaseløsende oppløsnings-middel, fortrinnsvis med aceton. The isolation of the polymers can, as mentioned above, take place by precipitation with a water-miscible and oil-phase dissolving solvent, preferably with acetone.
Til invertering av vann/olje-emulsjonen setter man 1,67 g herav i 10 0 ml avionisert vann hvori det på forhånd ble opp-løst 0,25 g av nonyl-fenol-etylenoksydaddukt med 10 mol etylenoksyd. Man omrører 10 minutter og fortynner endelig med av ionisert vann til 1000 g. K-verdien av de således dannede 0,05 %-oppløsninger kan ses av tabell III. To invert the water/oil emulsion, 1.67 g of this is placed in 100 ml of deionized water in which 0.25 g of nonyl-phenol-ethylene oxide adduct with 10 mol of ethylene oxide was previously dissolved. It is stirred for 10 minutes and finally diluted with ionized water to 1000 g. The K value of the 0.05% solutions thus formed can be seen from Table III.
Eksempel 14 Example 14
I én "polymerisas jonskolbe av 1 "lit^rs^ inhhold utrustet méd røreverkt, tilbakeløpskjøler, gassinføringsrør og elektrisk oppvarmet vannbad has 600 ml tert.butanol og deri oppløses 80 g p-styrensulfonsyre. Deretter innføres 8,5 liter NH~j-gass hvorved styrensulfonsyre-NH4faller ut i fin form og det oppstår dispersjoner i form av en tynn grøt hvis pH i vandig fortynning er 7. Det tilsettes deretter 10 g metacrylamid og 20 g vinylpyrrolidon og oppvarmes under innføring av nitrogen med det elektriske vannbad på 60°C. Etter tilsetning av 1 g azoisobutyronitril omrøres 1% time ved 60°C og 1 time ved 70°C. I løpet av denne tid oppstår uten tydelig synlig reaksjonsbetinget temperaturøkning en tykk, men rørbar grøt som deretter etteromrøres ennå ytterligere 2 timer ved 8 0°C. In one polymerisation flask of 1 liter capacity equipped with a stirrer, reflux cooler, gas inlet tube and electrically heated water bath, 600 ml of tert.butanol and 80 g of p-styrenesulfonic acid are dissolved in it. Next, 8.5 liters of NH~j gas are introduced, whereby styrenesulfonic acid-NH4 precipitates out in fine form and dispersions are formed in the form of a thin porridge whose pH in aqueous dilution is 7. 10 g of methacrylamide and 20 g of vinylpyrrolidone are then added and heated under introduction of nitrogen with the electric water bath at 60°C. After adding 1 g of azoisobutyronitrile, stir for 1 hour at 60°C and 1 hour at 70°C. During this time, without a clearly visible reaction-related temperature increase, a thick but stirrable porridge is formed which is then stirred for a further 2 hours at 80°C.
Den polymere kan isoleres ved frasugning og tørkning under vakuum ved 60°C. Det kan imidlertid også avdestilleres opp-lø<*>sningsmiddelet direkte under nedsatt trykk fra reaksjons-blandingen. Man får den polymere i form av et svakt gulaktig lett pulver som oppløser seg godt i vann. K-verdi ifølge Fikentscher 164,6. The polymer can be isolated by suction and drying under vacuum at 60°C. However, the solvent can also be distilled off directly under reduced pressure from the reaction mixture. You get the polymer in the form of a slightly yellowish light powder that dissolves well in water. K value according to Fikentscher 164.6.
Eksempel 15Example 15
I samme apparatur som i eksempel 14 has 600 ml tert.butanolIn the same apparatus as in example 14, have 600 ml of tert.butanol
og 70 g p-styrensulfonsyre, 10 g metacrylamid og 20 g N-vinylkaprolactam. Denne sure oppløsning polymeriseres deretter under samme betingelser og samme fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 14 under tilsetning av 1 g azoisobutyronitril. Den utfelte polymere isoleres deretter og man får et hvitt pulver med en K-verdi ifølge Fikentscher på 205,7. Den polymere vandige oppløsning er uklar. and 70 g of p-styrenesulfonic acid, 10 g of methacrylamide and 20 g of N-vinylcaprolactam. This acidic solution is then polymerized under the same conditions and the same method as in example 14 with the addition of 1 g of azoisobutyronitrile. The precipitated polymer is then isolated and a white powder is obtained with a K value according to Fikentscher of 205.7. The polymeric aqueous solution is cloudy.
Eksempel 16Example 16
Ved samme fremgangsmåte i samme apparatur som i eksempel 14 under anvendelse av 600 ml tert.butanol, 40 g styrensulfonsyre , 4,9 liter NH3-gass, 30 g acrylamid, 30 g N-vinyl-N-metylacetamid og 1 g azoisobutyronitril får man et polymer-pulver som oppløser seg godt i vann med en K-verdi ifølge Fikentscher—på 124, -7. - — — By the same procedure in the same apparatus as in example 14 using 600 ml of tert.butanol, 40 g of styrenesulfonic acid, 4.9 liters of NH3 gas, 30 g of acrylamide, 30 g of N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide and 1 g of azoisobutyronitrile, one obtains a polymer powder that dissolves well in water with a K value according to Fikentscher—of 124.-7. - — —
Claims (10)
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DE19813144770 DE3144770A1 (en) | 1981-11-11 | 1981-11-11 | WATER-SOLUBLE COPOLYMER, ITS PRODUCTION AND USE |
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CA1220929A (en) * | 1982-09-13 | 1987-04-28 | S. Richard Turner | Sodium styrene sulfonate-co-sodium-n-(4-sulfophenyl)- maleimide - an improved viscosity control additive |
US4540496A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1985-09-10 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Intramolecular polymer complexes - viscosifiers for high ionic strength drilling fluids |
DE3631764A1 (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1988-03-24 | Henkel Kgaa | USE OF SWELLABLE, SYNTHETIC LAYERED SILICATES IN AQUEOUS DRILL RING AND HOLE TREATMENT AGENTS |
US4921621A (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1990-05-01 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hydrolyzed co-polymers of N-vinylamide and acrylamide for use as waterloss control additives in drilling mud |
US4963632A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-10-16 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Mixed micellar process for preparing hydrophobically associating polymers |
DE4224537A1 (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Mineral additives for adjusting and / or regulating the rheology and gel structure of aqueous liquid phases and their use |
FR2764900B1 (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2001-06-01 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | FILTRATE REDUCING ADDITIVE AND WELL FLUID |
DE19909231C2 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2001-04-19 | Clariant Gmbh | Water-soluble copolymers based on AMPS and their use as drilling aids |
DE10022496A1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-15 | Bayer Ag | Styrenesulfonate polymers useful as cation exchangers, have sulfonic acid groups neutralized with transition metal cations |
DE102007059844A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-25 | Basf Construction Polymers Gmbh | Copolymer based on a sulfonic acid-containing compound |
US20220412008A1 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-12-29 | Solenis Technologies, L.P. | N-vinyllactam-containing polymers for papermaking |
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