NO793600L - ELEMENT FOR A HEAT EXCHANGE. - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A structural element for a heat exchanger which is provided for heat exchange between the environment and a liquid, comprising at least one exchange surface (34) wihch is supported by at least one pipe (24) provided for receiving the liquid and is connected thereto in a heat-conducting manner, the exchange surface (34) being formed by a plurality of plate elements (60) which are arranged next to one another in rows, are secured to the pipe (24) and overlap one another in adjoining areas, characterized in that a gap (56) is provided in each case in the overlap area (22) of the plate elements (60) and is formed between a bent-up portion (58) of the overlapping plate element (601) and the overlapped plate element (602), and an interspace (32) is provided between the end of the overlapped plate element (602) and the foot of the bent-up portion (58) of the overlapping plate element (601).

Description

The invention relates to an element for a heat exchanger, which is arranged for heat exchange between the environment and a liquid, with at least one heat exchange surface, which is carried by at least one pipe arranged for absorbing liquid and is in a heat-conducting connection with this.

A known element of this type has a centrally arranged pipe, which on both sides has hot collector wings in the form of tin plates, which absorb the ambient heat, such as e.g.

sun and/or air heat, and emits it to the heat carrier flowing in the pipe. For this, it is necessary to a good heat-conducting connection between pipe and heat exchanger surface. In the meantime, this leads to difficulties with elongated elements, as the difference in expansion between the hot heat exchanger surface and the colder pipe through which the heat carrier has flowed can lead to throwing and deformation of the element as well as destruction of the connection point between the pipe and the heat exchanger surface. This danger is particularly present with large material-related differences in the thermal expansion coefficient of the heat exchanger surface and the tube.

The task of the present invention is thus

to produce an element of the type stated in the introduction, so that despite a good heat-conducting connection between the pipe and the heat exchanger surface at any length and arbitrary choice of material with respect to the pipe and the heat exchanger surface, the connection point is not subject to warping, distortion or cracking. In addition, the element must be of simple and thus cost-effective construction, universally applicable and particularly suitable for placement on steep roofs or for covering such roofs.

According to the invention, the solution to this task consists in the fact that the heat exchange surface is formed by several plate elements arranged next to each other in a row on pipes, which cover each other in mutually bordered areas.

The heat exchanger surface is also composed of several

plate elements arranged next to each other, each of which is individually attached to the pipe in a good heat-conducting manner, so that at the transition point from one plate element to another there are compensation possibilities for different material expansions of the pipe

and heat exchanger surface. Distortions, warping or cracks in the attachment between the pipe and the plate element are thus avoided and the shell-like covering of the individual plate elements provides a closed, possibly rainproof, heat exchanger surface of maximum size for a given outline.

The covering of the individual plate elements is approximately 3 cm to 10 cm, and the area of the plate elements attached to the pipe has a length of approx. 20cm to 50cm, so that the total length of a plate element is approx. 23 to 60 cm. To determine the dimension, one must take into account the size of the difference in expansion between the material for the pipe and the heat exchanger surface, in case of larger differences in expansion,

like for example. is the case with a steel pipe and an aluminum plate element, a value of approximately 30

to 40 cm. This standard value applies, if it makes sense,

for all design examples.

In the simplest cases, the plate element consists of

of essentially even, preferably square ink plates, it is more advantageous, however, according to claims 2 and 3, and give the plate elements a wave shape. In this way, the heat exchanger surface is enlarged and the mechanical stability is increased.

A continuation of the wave-shaped embodiment can be particularly advantageous with regard to the aesthetic requirements, and can consist of arranging respective flat connection surfaces between adjacent waves.

An element which allows the construction of a suitable heat exchanger is, according to a further embodiment according to the invention, characterized by flat plate elements, which respectively have an edge in the covering area, whereby the covering plate element at its respective end has a first edge pointing towards the covered plate element, whereby the covered plate element the plate element has a second edge, which is directed at the covered element.

Thereby spaces can be arranged between the first edging and the second edging, into which at the first edging protrude arranged third edgings, which are directed towards the second edging and lie on the covered plate element.

In order to fasten the plate element in the covering area to each other, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the covered plate element may be provided with at least one tongue, which grips over the third edging and preferably presses this against the covered plate element.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is stated in claims 10 to 13. According to these claims, a slot can be arranged in the covering area of the preferably flat plate elements, respectively, which is formed between a bend of the covering plate element and the covered plate element. Hereby, the plate element is essentially flat.

It is therefore recommended that the bending takes place at such an angle to the plate element that in the case of poured arrangements of the heat exchanger plates, e.g. on a steep roof or when used as a steep roof, the rainwater flows from the bend, which shows a direction of the slope of the steep roof, without damming.

To secure the coverage area against unauthorized entry

of rainwater, it is an advantage when the bend has an extension running almost parallel to the covered single cell element, whereby at the end of the extension (respectively the bend) a water nose pointing towards the covered single element is arranged.

A further embodiment of the invention, which satisfies the aesthetic concerns and is thus particularly suitable for covering residential buildings, is characterized by the fact that the preferably flat panel elements respectively have profiled end areas running transversely to the covering area,

which is arranged for the connection of adjacent plate elements,

and formed by edging. In this way, the first profiling can simply consist of a U-shaped channel and the second profiling of an approximate shape of an L, whose horizontal legs for intervention in the channel of the adjacent plate element are matched with respect to the length of the light opening to the channel bottom.

Particularly good heat absorption and cheap overall construction are present when the plate elements consist of aluminum and the tube of steel..

Further advantageous and recommendable characteristics of the invention appear from the following description of the design example in connection with the schematic drawings, where: figure 1 shows an element according to the invention with flat elements in perspective section,

figure 2 shows detail II of figure 1 in side view and on an enlarged scale,

Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the plates shown

in figure 1 with wave-shaped plate elements in perspective section,

figure 4 shows a second embodiment of wave-shaped plate elements in a perspective view,

figure 5 shows in perspective an element according to the invention with flat plate elements and edging in the cover area,

figure 6 shows detail VI on figure 5 in a perspective section and on a larger scale,

figure 7 shows a further embodiment of the element according to the invention in a perspective view,

figure 8 shows the detail VIII of figure 7 in a side view and on an enlarged scale,

figure 9 shows an embodiment of the simplicity shown in figure 8,

figure 10 shows an element according to the invention with plate element, which has side-by-side profiles,

figure 11 shows the detail XI of figure 10 on an enlarged scale,

figure 12 shows the detail XII of figure 10 in an enlarged scale,

figure 13 shows the connection possibilities between a pipe and a plate element in a longitudinal view, and

figure 14 shows a cross-section through the object

on figure 13 along the section line XIV-XIV.

Identical parts are designated in the individual figures with the same reference number.

The element in figure 1 has three essential elements

flat plate elements 20 with a square shape, where the plate element forms the heat exchanger surface 34. At the adjacent area, the individual plate elements 20 cover themselves like a shell and form the covering area 22. The element is held together by the tube 24, which runs on the underside of the element, and to which are fixed the individual plate elements 20 respectively through and well heat conductive. Like that. as can be seen from Figure 1, the plate elements 20 are arranged next to each other so that their longitudinal sides overlap, whereby the straight pipes run approximately parallel to the narrow side of the plate element 20 and are arranged evenly distributed. The distance between the pipes is approx. 10 to 30 cm, and the profile of the tube can be arbitrary, but is preferably round.

Figure 2 shows the cover area 22 as a detail seen from the side and on an enlarged scale. According to Figure 2, in the cover area 22, the covered plate element 201 has a bulge 26, which grips over the covered plate element 202

and lies on this. Thereby, a space 32 is arranged between the root 28 of the bulge 26 and the end of the covered plate element 202. At a length of the bulge 24 of preferably

3 to 10 cm, the length of the space 32 (in the pipe direction) is approx.

1 to 3 cm.

The extent of. the plate element 20 in the direction of

the longitudinal square side, i.e. transversely in the direction of the straight pipe 24, can be arbitrary, while the length of the short square side, which shows one direction of the pipe 24, is determined by the expansion ratio of the pipe 24 and the plate element 20. In case of a larger expansion difference, which may be conditioned by e.g. the material used and/or in case of considerable temperature differences between the plate element. and the pipe through which the heat carrier 24 flows, the shorter side of the plate element cannot be so long to avoid a throw, skew or internal stress in the connection area between the pipe and the plate element. When using aluminum sheet (thickness approx. 1 to 3 mm) for

the plate element 20 and steel on the pipe 24 (outer diameter preferably 10 to 15 mm), the normal value for the short side of the plate element can be specified with a length of maximum approx. 0.4 to 0.5 mm, whereby this value includes the bulge 24, whose length can be approx. 3 to 10 cm. For the extent of the space 32 in the direction of the pipe 34, a normal value of 1 to 3 cm can be assumed.

To be able to absorb ambient heat with such an element, e.g. for heating, this is arranged on the outside of the building and especially in sunlit areas. As the element forms a closed surface, it can preferably be used instead of e.g. bricks for the covering of the building, whereby several elements arranged next to each other can be arranged, which are connected from one side to another by means of intermediate pieces. The end of the pipe 24 is connected to a collection line, which takes over the supply and removal of a heat carrier, e.g. water. The heat exchanger surface formed by the plate elements 20 absorbs ambient heat, conducts this to the pipe 24 and the flowing heat carrier conducts the absorbed heat to the heating system. If the heat carrier is thereby very cold (e.g. below the outside air temperature), which is the case when the element is connected in a heat pump circuit, and the heat exchanger floats are exposed to solar radiation, i.e. a relatively high temperature (approx. 65°C),

then an expansion difference occurs which is correspondingly reinforced or triggered alone through a corresponding choice of material (aluminum for the plate elements, steel for the rudders). This heat-expansion difference is absorbed by the division of the heat exchanger layers into individual plate elements in cooperation with the intermediate spaces 32.

The previously mentioned differences also become apparent when the element is used to emit heat to the environment. One such case is when using the elements as a capacitor

a cooling system.

Figure 3 shows an embodiment variant of the element according to Figure 1, where the plate elements 30 have a wave shape 36 and where the pipes are arranged evenly distributed in the waves.

The plate elements 40 according to Figure 4 likewise have waves 36, whereby, however, in contrast to the design example in Figure 3, these have a flat connecting part 38 introduced between adjacent waves 36 accordingly.

In the design example according to Figure 5, the individual plate elements 50 are likewise square and essentially flat in design, they are not, however, assembled into a flat heat exchanger plate 34, but in the cover area 22 respectively have a step, the design of which is clearly shown in figure 6, which shows an ear cover area 22 as a detail section.

The covering plate element 501 has at its end a preferably right-angled first edge 42, which is directed at the covered plate element 502. Likewise, the covered plate element has at its end a preferably right-angled second edge 44, which is directed towards the covered plate element 501. Between the edge 42 and 44 a space 46 is formed, in which a third edge 48 projects. This third edging 48 lies flat on the covered plate element 502. Between the second edging 44 and the end of the third edging 48 is arranged the space 32 for the absorption of the difference in expansion. Several holding tongues 52 are arranged in the space 4 6 , which are attached to the respective covered plate elements 50 2 and which grip over the third edge 48

thereby preventing a lifting of the covering plate element 502.

As a normal value for the height of the first edge 42, 3 to 10 cm may apply, for the second edge 44 one to 3 cm may be assumed. With regard to the dimensioning of the cover area and the spaces 32, the above-mentioned designs apply to the design example according to figure 1.

In order to be able to adapt the pipe 24 to the shape of the heat exchanger surface 34, this respectively has a step 54 in the cover area, in which a pipe connection can possibly be arranged to simplify the manufacture of the element.

Figure 7 shows a further variant of the element according to the invention. Hereby, the individual plate elements 60, which form the heat exchanger surface 34, are four-sided and essentially flat. The straight tubes 24 distributed evenly over the heat exchanger rafts 34, to which the plate elements 60 are attached, run approximately parallel to the narrow side of the plate elements 60.

In the cover area 2 2 is arranged between plate

the elements a gap 56, which is formed between an upturn

58 of the covering plate element 601 and the covered plate element 602. This design of the covering area 22 has previously been shown in figure 8, which shows detail VIII of figure 7 seen from the side. The angle a, under which the deflection takes place;, is chosen so that when the element is installed on a normal steep roof, the falling rainwater flows without damming over the deflection 58 above the covered plate element 602. In order to prevent a backflow of the water on the underside of the bend 58 is arranged at the end of the bend 58 an approximately right-angled continuous water nose 64 in the form of an edge. Furthermore, a space 32 is arranged between the covered plate element 602 and the covering plate element 601.

Figure 9 shows an embodiment variant of Figure 8. Here, a flat extension 62 is inserted between the bend 58 and the water nose 64, which extends in the direction of the covered plate element 602 and gives the heat exchanger surface a nicer appearance and at the same time improves the rain tightness.

In the space 32 at some pipes 24, pipe carriers 66 are arranged, to which a clip-like buoy 68 is attached, which is open downwards. This buoy 68 serves to secure the element to the building by hanging this buoy in cross-running rods or battens.

The element according to the design example in figure

7 is particularly suitable for absorbing the ambient heat. Then by

a device in front of a wall or on a roof can, through the gap 56 and between the space 32, air from the outside also reach the back of the heat exchanger surface 34 and be used for heat delivery. The utilization becomes even better when a sufficient distance (e.g. 5 to 10cm) remains between the heat exchanger surface 34 and the wall or the roof covering for a good circulation of the outside air.

Figure 10 shows square plate elements 70, which on the side which runs approximately at right angles to the cover area 22, have profiles 72 and 74 so that the plate element has an approximately brick-shaped appearance. The profiling 72 and 74 serves for the rainproof connection of additional plate elements lying next to each other.

The design of the profiling 72 and 74 can be seen more clearly from figures 11 and 12, which show the details XI and XII respectively in figure 10 on an enlarged scale. According to these, the left profiling 72 has the shape of a U-shaped channel 76, which is formed by the edging of the left end area of the plate element 70. The first leg 82 of the edging runs at an angle 3 from .ca. 45° to 80° to the flat part of the plate element 70, the gutter bottom 80 extends, parallel to the flat part of the plate element 70 and the second leg 84 extends with respect to its slope symmetrically with the first leg 82 which is clearly evident from figure 11.

The height of the second leg 84 is here approximately half of the distance between the flat area of the plate element 70 and the gutter bottom 80, which is preferably approx. 3 to 10 cm.

On the right side of the plate element 70, a second profile 74 is arranged, which is formed by the edge of the right end of the plate element 70. This profile 74 has the shape of the letter L, whose vertical leg 86 is designed as a mirror image of the first leg 82, where on the other hand the horizontal leg 78 is so large that it engages in the channel of the adjacent plate element and that it can rest against the channel bottom 80. This is shown in figure 12 and the channel of the adjacent plate element is drawn in line.

In the present embodiment, the tube 24 is designed in a meander shape, whereby each plate element 70 is assigned respective meander loops, so that a good heat removal from the individual plate elements is obtained.

The connection between the plate elements and the pipes can be arbitrary, e.g. when welding as indicated in figures 2, 8 and 9, it is only essential that the pipe along the total arranged length is well heat-conducting attached to the individual plate elements. Does the plate element consist of a soft, flowable material,

like for example. copper or preferably aluminium, while the pipe, on the other hand, consists of a harder material such as steel, so the connection can e.g. be produced in a manner known per se according to figures 13 and 14.

Figure 13 shows a cross-section through the plate element, whereby the section is taken along the axis 88 of the tube 24.

On the outer surface of the pipe 24 is here attached

a helical spiral 92, e.g. in the form of a helically wound steel wire. To connect the tube 24 with the plate element 70, the tube is pressed onto the plate element so that the softer material of the plate elements flows around the harder profile of the spiral 9 2 and so that a good connection and anchoring occurs between the plate element 70 and the guide 24.

The element according to the invention can optionally also be designed curved in order to be able to produce e.g. cranked heat exchangers. It is also possible, using the elements to absorb solar heat, and arrange these in a house that lets the sun's rays through.

Claims (16)

1. Element for a heat exchanger, which is arranged for heat exchange between the environment and a liquid, with at least one heat exchanger surface (34) which is supported by at least one tube (24) arranged for receiving liquid and which is in a heat-conducting connection with this, characterized in that the heat exchanger surface (34) is formed by several in a row next to each other arranged plate elements (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70) attached to the pipe (24), which overlap each other in adjacent areas (22). 2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective plate elements (30) have at least one wave (36) in which the pipe (24) is arranged. (Figure 3). 3. Element according to claim 2, characterized in that there are several waves (36) and several tubes (24) equally distributed over the waves (Figure 3). 4. Element according to claim 3, characterized in that a flat connection part (38) is introduced between respective adjacent waves (36) (Figure 4). 5. Element according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the covering area (22) the covering plate element (201) has a projection (26), in which the covered plate element (202) engages, whereby advantageously between the root (28) of the projection and the covered plate element (201) is provided with spaces (32) (Figure 2). 6. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the essentially respective flat plate elements (50) have edges in the covering area (22), whereby the respective covering plate elements (501) are provided with a first edge (42), which points towards the covered plate element (502), and whereby the covered plate element (502) has a second edge (44), which is greased against the covering plate element (501) (Figures 5 and 6). ' 7. Element according to claim 6, characterized in that between the first edge (42). and the second edge (44) is arranged into a space (46), in which protrudes a third edge (48) arranged at the first edge (42), which is directed towards the second edge (44) and lies on the covered plate element ( 502) (Figure 6). 8. Element according to claim 7, characterized in that on the covered plate element (502) in the covering area (22) at least one holding tongue (52) is respectively arranged which grips over the third edge (48) (Figure 6). 9. Element according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the pipe (24) has a step (54) Figure 5) when transitioning from one to another plate element. 10. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that in the covering area (22) of the respective substantially smooth plate element (60) a gap (56) is arranged, which is formed between a bend (58) of the covering plate element (601) and the covered plate member (602) (Figures 7 to 9). 11. Element according to claim 10, characterized in that the bending (58) extends at such an angle a to the plate element (601) that when the heat exchanger surface (34) is poured, e.g. on a steep roof, the rainwater flows from the bend (58) pointing in the direction of the roof slope without damming onto the covered plate element (602) (Figure 8 d 9). 12. Element according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the bend (58) has an extension (62) running approximately parallel to the covered single cell element (602) (Figure 9). 13. Element according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that at the end of the bend (58) or the extension (62) respectively, a water nose (64) pointing to the covered single element (602) is arranged. (Figures 8 and 9). 14. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the preferably essentially respective flat plate elements (7Q.) at the t <y> extending to the cover area (22) have end profiles (72, 74), which are shaped through chamfering and are arranged for the connection of an adjacent plate element (Figure 10 to 12). 15. Element according to claim 14, characterized in that the first profiling (72) is designed as a U-shape. chute (76) and the second profiling (74) have the shape of an L, whose horizontal legs (78) are adjusted to engage in the chute to the adjacent plate element on the clear width of the gutter bottom (80) (Figures 11 and 12). 16. Element according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the plate elements (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70) consist of aluminum or copper and that the tube (24) consists of steel.