NO791105L - RECOVERY OF NON-GLASSIFIED SOLID FUEL PARTICLES FROM WATER SUSPENSION - Google Patents
RECOVERY OF NON-GLASSIFIED SOLID FUEL PARTICLES FROM WATER SUSPENSIONInfo
- Publication number
- NO791105L NO791105L NO791105A NO791105A NO791105L NO 791105 L NO791105 L NO 791105L NO 791105 A NO791105 A NO 791105A NO 791105 A NO791105 A NO 791105A NO 791105 L NO791105 L NO 791105L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- solid fuel
- particles
- zone
- water
- suspension
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 title description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 naphtha Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
- C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
- C10J3/845—Quench rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0943—Coke
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
- C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
- C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Description
Gjenvinning av ikke-forgassede faste brennstoffpartikler fra vannsuspensjoner. Recovery of non-gasified solid fuel particles from water suspensions.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår forgassing a<y>faste brénn-stoffer ved partiell oksydasjon. Mer spesielt angår oppfinnelsen The present invention relates to gasification of solid fuels by partial oxidation. More particularly relates to the invention
gjenvinning av ikke-forgasset fast brennstoff fra produkter etter partiell forbrenning og tilbakeføring av gjenvunnede ikke-forgassede faste brennstoffer til forgassingssonen sammen med ytterligere friskt fast brennstoff for der partielt å oksydere dette. recovery of non-gasified solid fuel from products after partial combustion and return of recovered non-gasified solid fuel to the gasification zone together with further fresh solid fuel to partially oxidize this there.
Vanligvis, blir brennstoffet ved forgassing av fast brennstoff slik som kull eller koks, underkastet partiell oksydasjon med luft, oksygenanriket luft, eller i det vesentlige rent oksygen i en forgassingssone sammen med fremstilling.av en produktgass inneholdende karbonmonoksyd og hydrogen og også inneholdende mindre mengder C02og CH^og, hvis råstoffet inneholder svovel, H2S og COS. Typically, in the gasification of a solid fuel such as coal or coke, the fuel is subjected to partial oxidation with air, oxygen-enriched air, or substantially pure oxygen in a gasification zone along with the production of a product gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen and also containing minor amounts of C02 and CH^and, if the raw material contains sulphur, H2S and COS.
Fordi det imidlertid tilføres utilstrekkelige mengder oksygen til forgassingssonen for totalforbrenning av karbonet i det faste brennstoff, vil noe av dette bevege seg gjennom sonen uten omdanning til et oksyd av karbon. Når et flytende hydrokarbon underkastes partiell oksydasjon, opptrer ikke-omdannet kar-bond i produktgassen som fine sotpartikler, mens ikke-omdannet karbon når et fast brennstoff underkastes partiell oksydasjon, opptrer i produktet som partikler av fast brennstoff. I tillegg vil, alt avhengig av det faste brenselsråstoff, aske også opptre i varierende mengder i forbrenningsproduktene. Det er således åpenbart at få av de ikke-omdannede partikler er ren aske eller rent karbon. However, because insufficient amounts of oxygen are supplied to the gasification zone for complete combustion of the carbon in the solid fuel, some of this will move through the zone without being converted into an oxide of carbon. When a liquid hydrocarbon is subjected to partial oxidation, unconverted carbon appears in the product gas as fine soot particles, while when a solid fuel is subjected to partial oxidation, unconverted carbon appears in the product as particles of solid fuel. In addition, depending on the solid fuel raw material, ash will also appear in varying amounts in the combustion products. It is thus obvious that few of the unconverted particles are pure ash or pure carbon.
For å avkjøle de varme produkter fra den partielle oksydasjon og som forlater gassdannelsessonen og for å fjerne partikler av aske og ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff, blir de varme gasser brakt i kontakt med et bråavkjølingsmedium slik som vann, i en bråavkjølingssone hvorved gassens avkjøles og medrevne partikler overføres til kjølemediet. Større og tettere partikler av aske eller slagg med lavt karboninnhold har en tendens til å In order to cool the hot products of the partial oxidation which leave the gas formation zone and to remove particles of ash and unconverted solid fuel, the hot gases are brought into contact with a quenching medium such as water in a quenching zone whereby the gas is cooled and entrained particles are transferred to the refrigerant. Larger and denser particles of low-carbon ash or slag tend to
avsette seg i bunnen av avkjølingssohen og fjernes, mens de finere pg mindre tette partikler danner en suspensjon i kjølemediet.. settle at the bottom of the cooling tank and are removed, while the finer and less dense particles form a suspension in the coolant.
For å regulere konsentrasjonen av faststoffer i kjølemediet, blir en andel kontinuerlig eller periodisk trukket av og erstattet med__ nytt kjølemedium. Av.økonomiske og økologiske grunner er det ønskelig å bruke om igjen både kjølevann og uforbrukt brennstoff. In order to regulate the concentration of solids in the refrigerant, a portion is continuously or periodically withdrawn and replaced with__ new refrigerant. For economic and ecological reasons, it is desirable to reuse both cooling water and unused fuel.
Når som nevnt ovenfor råstoffet til gassdannelsessonen er flytende hydrokarbon, kommer ikke-omdannet karbon ut som fine sotpartikler av mikroskopisk størrelse, mens ikke-omdannet karbon foreligger i form av diskrete partikler av fast brennstoff når råstoffet er et fast brennstoff. Soten som dannes ved forgassing av flytende hydrokarbon, kan gjenvinnes fra suspensjonen i kjølevannet ved blanding med et flytende hydrokarbon slik som beskrevet i US-patent nr. 2.992.906 og US-patent nr. 3.917.569. When, as mentioned above, the raw material for the gas formation zone is liquid hydrocarbon, unconverted carbon comes out as fine soot particles of microscopic size, while unconverted carbon is present in the form of discrete particles of solid fuel when the raw material is a solid fuel. The soot formed by gasification of liquid hydrocarbon can be recovered from the suspension in the cooling water by mixing with a liquid hydrocarbon as described in US Patent No. 2,992,906 and US Patent No. 3,917,569.
Uheldigvis har ikke-omdannede partikler av fast brennstoff ikke affinitet for flytende hydrokarbon slik tilfellet er Unfortunately, unconverted solid fuel particles do not have the affinity for liquid hydrocarbon as is the case
med sotpartiklene som dannes ved partiell forbrenning av et flyt--ende brennstoff, og separeringsteknikken som brukes for sot^with the soot particles formed by the partial combustion of a liquid fuel, and the separation technique used for soot^
gjenvinningen, er utilfredsstillende når det gjelder gjenvinning av ikke-omdannede faste brennstoffpartikler fra kjølevannet. the recovery, is unsatisfactory when it comes to recovery of unconverted solid fuel particles from the cooling water.
Ved forgassing av flytende brennstoffer vil karbon i råstoffet som ikke omdannes til oksyder av karbon, opptre i produktgassen i form av mikroskopiske sotpartikler. Når den varme produktgass som inneholder medrevne sotpartikler bråavkjøles, f.eks. i vann, overføres sotpartiklene til kjølevannet som opp-varmes mens produktgassen til gjengjeld avkjøles. Vanligvis kan sotpartiklene gjenvinnes fra vannet ved å bringe dette i kontakt med et flytende hydrokarbon med lav molekylvekt slik som nafta, idet sotpartiklene migrerer og danner en suspensjon av sot i nafta og renset vann. Nafta inneholdende suspenderte sotpartikler kan deretter bringes i kontakt med det flytende hydrokarbonrå-stoff til gassgeneratoren for å utgjøre en hydr<p>karbonvæske-blanding inneholdende suspenderte sotpartikler. Blandingen opp-varmes for å destillere av nafta som deretter tilbakeføres for å gjenvinne ytterligere sotpartikler fra kjølevannet, mens suspensjonen av sotpartikler i det tyngre oljeråstoff til gassgeneratoren underkastes partiell forbrenning. When gasifying liquid fuels, carbon in the raw material that is not converted into oxides of carbon will appear in the product gas in the form of microscopic soot particles. When the hot product gas containing entrained soot particles is cooled suddenly, e.g. in water, the soot particles are transferred to the cooling water which is heated while the product gas is cooled in return. Generally, the soot particles can be recovered from the water by bringing it into contact with a low molecular weight liquid hydrocarbon such as naphtha, the soot particles migrating to form a suspension of soot in naphtha and purified water. Naphtha containing suspended soot particles can then be brought into contact with the liquid hydrocarbon feedstock of the gas generator to form a hydrocarbon liquid mixture containing suspended soot particles. The mixture is heated to distil naphtha which is then returned to recover further soot particles from the cooling water, while the suspension of soot particles in the heavier oil feedstock to the gas generator is subjected to partial combustion.
Soten som dannes under omdanningen av flytende hydrokarbon, er forskjellig fra partiklene av'ikke-omdannet brennstoff som opptrer i produktgassen når.brennstoffet som skal forgasses er et fast brennstoff. For eksempel har sotpartiklene fra forgas&ing av et flytende brennstoff generelt et overflateåreal på over The soot formed during the conversion of liquid hydrocarbon is different from the particles of unconverted fuel which appear in the product gas when the fuel to be gasified is a solid fuel. For example, the soot particles from the gasification of a liquid fuel generally have a surface area of over
100 m 2 /g og vanligvis sågar over 200 m 2/g, mens partikler av ikke-omdannet brennstoff fra forgassing av fast brennstoff vanligvis har et overflateåreal på mindre enn 50 m 2/g. 100 m 2 /g and usually even over 200 m 2 /g, while particles of unconverted fuel from gasification of solid fuel usually have a surface area of less than 50 m 2 /g.
Partiklene som opptrer i produktgassen når brennsetoffet som skal forgasses er et fast brennstoff, har ikke den samme affinitet for flytende hydrokarboner som partiklene som dannes ved forgassing av et flytende brennstoff. Som resultat av dette, er prosedyren som benyttes for gjennvinnihg av sotpartikler fra kjølevannet ikke effektiv for gjenvinning av ikke-omdannede faste brennstoffpartikler fra kjølevannet. Av denne grunn er ikke-forgasset fast brennstoff til nå gjenvunnet fra kjølevannet ved avkjøling av dette og deretter å la■partiklene avsette seg i åpne beholdere. En slik prosedyre medfører bruk av store og kostbare varmevekslere for å gjenvinne den følbare varme i kjølevannet. Det betyr også at kjølevannet må underkastes en dampstripping for å fjerne uønskede giftige gasser som må behandles før utslipp til atmosfæren. I tillegg til dette må kjølevannet på ny settes under trykk før tilbakeføring til avkjølingssonen. The particles that appear in the product gas when the fuel to be gasified is a solid fuel do not have the same affinity for liquid hydrocarbons as the particles that are formed when a liquid fuel is gasified. As a result, the procedure used for the recovery of soot particles from the cooling water is not effective for the recovery of unconverted solid fuel particles from the cooling water. For this reason, non-gasified solid fuel has until now been recovered from the cooling water by cooling it and then allowing the particles to settle in open containers. Such a procedure entails the use of large and expensive heat exchangers to recover the sensible heat in the cooling water. It also means that the cooling water must undergo steam stripping to remove unwanted toxic gases that must be treated before discharge into the atmosphere. In addition to this, the cooling water must be pressurized again before being returned to the cooling zone.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse gir en fremgangsmåte for forgassing av fast karbonholdig brennstoff som omfatter å underkaste dette en partiell oksydasjon i nærvær av E^ O ved et trykk på minst 6,9 bar for å gi en gass inneholdende CO og E^°9inneholdende partikler av ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff, å bringe denne produktgass i kontakt med vann i en avkjølingssone for å avkjøle produktgassen og for å danne en suspensjon av de nevnte faste partikler av ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff i vannet, å føre denne suspensjon uten avkjøling til en avsetningssone som holdes under et trykk på ikke mindre enn 5,2 bar, å tillate suspensjonen å avsette seg i et øvre sjikt av klaret vann og et lavere mer konsentrert vannsjikt inneholdende avsatte partikler av ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff, og tilbakeføring av minst en andel av de avsatte partikler til sonen for partiell oksydasjon. The present invention provides a method for the gasification of solid carbonaceous fuel which comprises subjecting it to partial oxidation in the presence of E^O at a pressure of at least 6.9 bar to give a gas containing CO and E^°9 containing particles of non- converted solid fuel, bringing this product gas into contact with water in a cooling zone to cool the product gas and to form a suspension of said solid particles of unconverted solid fuel in the water, passing this suspension without cooling to a deposition zone which is held under a pressure of not less than 5.2 bar, allowing the suspension to settle in an upper layer of clarified water and a lower more concentrated water layer containing deposited particles of unconverted solid fuel, and returning at least a proportion of the deposited particles to the zone of partial oxidation.
En fordel ved foreliggende oppfinnelse er at den gjør. det mulig å gjenvinne ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff fra avkjøl- An advantage of the present invention is that it does it is possible to recover unconverted solid fuel from cooling
i» in"
ingsvannet samtidig som man kan gi avkall på varmevekslingsut-styret som vanligvis benyttes ved gjéndanning av ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff fra syntesegass. ing water at the same time as the heat exchange equipment which is usually used when regenerating non-converted solid fuel from synthesis gas can be dispensed with.
En annen fordel er at den gjør det mulig å minimalisere den mengde vann som må behandles på grunn av nærværet av giftige gasser. En ytterligere fordel er at den gjør det mulig å bevare energien som er til stede i kjølevannet når denne forlater av-kjøl ings sonen . Another advantage is that it makes it possible to minimize the amount of water that has to be treated due to the presence of toxic gases. A further advantage is that it makes it possible to preserve the energy present in the cooling water when it leaves the cooling zone.
Råstoffet til fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen består av et hvilket som helst fast karbonholdig brennstoff inneholdende askedannende bestanddeler slik som kull, bituminøst kull, lignitt, petroleumkoks, organisk avfall o.l. The raw material for the method according to the invention consists of any solid carbonaceous fuel containing ash-forming components such as coal, bituminous coal, lignite, petroleum coke, organic waste etc.
Det faste brennstoff males vanligvis til en partikkel-størrelse på mindre en 6,4 mm og helst slik at 95% går gjennom en 14 mesh US-standard sikt med åpninger på 1,41 mm, og tilføres til gassdannelsessonen der det underkastes partiell oksydasjon med en gass slik som luft, oksygenahriket luft eller i det The solid fuel is usually ground to a particle size of less than 6.4 mm and preferably so that 95% passes through a 14 mesh US standard sieve with openings of 1.41 mm, and fed to the gas formation zone where it is subjected to partial oxidation with a gas such as air, oxygen-enriched air or therein
vesentlige rent oksygen, dvs. oksygen med en rehetsgrad på minst essentially pure oxygen, i.e. oxygen with a reh degree of at least
ca. 95%. Det finpppdelte brennstoff kan tilføres til oksyda-sjonssonen eller gassdannelsessonen som en oppslemming i en væske slik som vann eller olje, eller som en suspensjon i et gass-eller dampmedium slik som damp, karbondioksyd eller blandinger derav. I gassdannelsessonen underkastes det faste brennstoff en partiell oksydasjon ved en temperatur mellom 871 og 1927°C about. 95%. The finely divided fuel can be supplied to the oxidation zone or the gas formation zone as a slurry in a liquid such as water or oil, or as a suspension in a gas or vapor medium such as steam, carbon dioxide or mixtures thereof. In the gas formation zone, the solid fuel is subjected to partial oxidation at a temperature between 871 and 1927°C
og fortrinnsvis mellom 982 og 1760°C. Trykket i gassdannelsessonen kan ligge mellom 6,9 og 206,8 bar, fortrinnsvis mellom 10,3 og 172,4 bar. Oksygen kan tilføres til gassdannelsessonen méd et atomforhold mellom oksygen og karbon på mellom 0,7 og 1,6 og fortrinnsvis mellom 0,8 og 1,2. Når fast brennstoff tilføres til gassdannelsessonen som en oppslemming i vann, bør oppslemmingen inneholde mindre enn 50 vekt-% vann da et vanninnhold over denne verdi vil påvirke reaksjonens termiske effektivitet. and preferably between 982 and 1760°C. The pressure in the gas formation zone can lie between 6.9 and 206.8 bar, preferably between 10.3 and 172.4 bar. Oxygen can be supplied to the gas formation zone with an atomic ratio between oxygen and carbon of between 0.7 and 1.6 and preferably between 0.8 and 1.2. When solid fuel is supplied to the gas formation zone as a slurry in water, the slurry should contain less than 50% by weight of water as a water content above this value will affect the thermal efficiency of the reaction.
I en foretrukket utførelsesform.føres varme produkt-gasser inneholde medrevne partikler av ikke-omdannet brennstoff In a preferred embodiment, hot product gases contain entrained particles of unconverted fuel
nedover gjennom et lavere utslipp ved bunnen av gassdannelses-kammeret og slippes ut til avkjølingskammeret under overflaten av vannet i dette. Store partikler, hovedsakelig bestående'av aske som er fri for karbon, vanligvis mindre enn 2 vekt-%, synker ved hjelp av tyngdekraften til den nedre del av avkjølingskammeret downwards through a lower discharge at the bottom of the gas formation chamber and is released to the cooling chamber below the surface of the water therein. Large particles, consisting mainly of carbon-free ash, usually less than 2% by weight, sink by gravity to the lower part of the cooling chamber
«f "f
der partiklene periodisk kan fjernes ved hjelp av en egnet inn-retning. De finere partikler av ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff forblir suspendert i avkjølingsvannet, i det minste delvis på where the particles can be periodically removed using a suitable device. The finer particles of unconverted solid fuel remain suspended in the cooling water, at least partially on
grunn av den agitering som skjer ved utslipp av de varme gasser, under vannflaten. due to the agitation that occurs when the hot gases are emitted, below the surface of the water.
Separering av de faste partikler fra vannet bevirkes ved å overføre suspensjonen fra avkjølingskammeret til en avsettingssone der man tillater avsetning av suspensjonen under forhold i dét vesentlige frie for agitering slik at det dannes en klaret øvre del og mer konsentrert nedre del. Denne avsetting Separation of the solid particles from the water is effected by transferring the suspension from the cooling chamber to a deposition zone where deposition of the suspension is allowed under conditions essentially free of agitation so that a clarified upper part and more concentrated lower part are formed. This deposition
gjennomføres ved forhøyede temperaturer og trykk. I en foretrukket utførelsesform holdes avsettingssonen i det vesentlige under de samme trykk- og temperaturforhold som avkjølingssonen. Imidlertid er gode resultater oppnådd når avsettingen bevirkes ved en temperatur mellom 37,8 og 374,4°C og et trykk mellom 3,4 og 241,3 bar, fortrinnsvis ved en temperatur mellom 93,3 og 353, 3°C og et trykk mellom 6,9 og 172,4 bar. carried out at elevated temperatures and pressures. In a preferred embodiment, the deposition zone is kept essentially under the same pressure and temperature conditions as the cooling zone. However, good results have been obtained when the deposition is effected at a temperature between 37.8 and 374.4°C and a pressure between 3.4 and 241.3 bar, preferably at a temperature between 93.3 and 353.3°C and a pressure between 6.9 and 172.4 bar.
Oppholdstiden i avsettingssonen vil være avhengig av størrelsen på partiklene av ikke-omdannet brennstoff som igjen delvis er avhengig av hvor fint oppdelt råstoffet var. Vanligvis bør oppholdstiden være mer enn 3 min og med en tid mellom 5 min og 30 min som foretrukket. The residence time in the deposition zone will depend on the size of the particles of unconverted fuel, which in turn partly depends on how finely divided the raw material was. Usually the residence time should be more than 3 min and with a time between 5 min and 30 min as preferred.
Den konsentrerte suspensjon i den nedre del av avsettingssonen og som kan inneholde opptil 50 vekt-% faststoffer, gjenvinnes fra bunnen av avsettingssonen. Hvis det faste brennstoff tilføres til gassgeneratoren som en vannoppslemming, kan den konsentrerte suspensjon tilbakeføres direkte til blandesonen der det fremstilles en oppslemming av nytt råstoff og vann. Hvis råstoffet til gassgeneratoren er i form av et fast brennstoff, suspendert i et flytende hydrokarbon, bør det avsatte brennstoff fortrinnsvis underkastes en vannfjerningsbehandling og deretter blandes med nytt fast brennstoff. Det klarede vann som fjernes fra den øvre del av avsettingssonen, kan benyttes for fremstilling The concentrated suspension in the lower part of the settling zone, which can contain up to 50% by weight of solids, is recovered from the bottom of the settling zone. If the solid fuel is supplied to the gas generator as a water slurry, the concentrated suspension can be returned directly to the mixing zone where a slurry of new raw material and water is produced. If the raw material for the gas generator is in the form of a solid fuel, suspended in a liquid hydrocarbon, the deposited fuel should preferably be subjected to a water removal treatment and then mixed with new solid fuel. The clarified water that is removed from the upper part of the deposition zone can be used for production
av ytterligere friskt råstoff eller tilbakeføres til avkjølings-sonen. of additional fresh raw material or returned to the cooling zone.
Ved å gjennomføre separeringen ved forhøyet temperatur og trykk, kan avsettingstiden reduseres betydelig i forhold til den avsettingstid for suspenderte faststoffer som forelå i åpne beholdere slik som i den kjente teknikk. Fordi separeringen skjer i varme, er det i tillegg ikke nødvendig å avkjøle suspensjonen ved By carrying out the separation at elevated temperature and pressure, the deposition time can be significantly reduced in relation to the deposition time for suspended solids that were present in open containers such as in the known technique. Because the separation takes place in heat, there is also no need to cool the suspension by
bruk av store og kostbare varmevekslere. Ytterligere holdes opp-løste gasser i systemet, noe som skjærer ned mengden av uønskede lavtrykksgasser som ellers må underkastes behandling. use of large and expensive heat exchangers. Furthermore, dissolved gases are kept in the system, which cuts down the amount of unwanted low-pressure gases that otherwise have to be subjected to treatment.
De følgende eksempler skal illustrere oppfinnelsen nærmere. The following examples shall illustrate the invention in more detail.
Eksempel IExample I
Dette eksempel viser vanlig praksis der de suspenderte This example shows common practice where they suspended
faststoffer tillates avsetning under vanlige betingelser. solids are allowed to be deposited under normal conditions.
Råstoffet som tilføres forgassingssonen er en oppslemming av petroleumkoks, oppmalt slik at 94% går gjennom en 40 mesh sikt (0,42 mm åpning) i en "California Reduced"-råolje slik at koksen utgjør 49,9 3 vekt-% av oppslemmingen. Denne oppslemming mates til en 0,06 m 3 upakket gassgenerator i en mengde av 192 kg/time sammen med 119,2 standard m 3/time oksygen og 109 kg damp/time. Dette representerer et atomforhold mellom oksygen og karbon på 0,808. Temperaturen i gassgeneratoren holdes ved 1309,4°C og trykket ved 55,85 bar. The feedstock fed to the gasification zone is a slurry of petroleum coke, ground so that 94% passes through a 40 mesh sieve (0.42 mm opening) in a "California Reduced" crude so that the coke constitutes 49.93% by weight of the slurry. This slurry is fed to a 0.06 m 3 unpackaged gas generator at a rate of 192 kg/hr along with 119.2 standard m 3/hr oxygen and 109 kg steam/hr. This represents an atomic ratio of oxygen to carbon of 0.808. The temperature in the gas generator is kept at 1309.4°C and the pressure at 55.85 bar.
Kjølevann inneholdende suspenderte faststoffer trekkes av, avkjøles ved varmeveksling og man tillater avsetning i en åpen beholder. Etter en oppholdstid på 3,1 timer viste analyser Cooling water containing suspended solids is drawn off, cooled by heat exchange and allowed to settle in an open container. After a residence time of 3.1 hours, analysis showed
av det klarede vann som trekkes av fra toppen av avsettingsbeholderen, et faststoffinnhold på 0,005 vekt-%. of the clarified water withdrawn from the top of the settling tank, a solids content of 0.005% by weight.
Faststoffinnholdet i den konsentrerte.suspensjon som The solids content of the concentrated suspension which
fjernes fra bunnen av beholderen er 37 vekt-%.removed from the bottom of the container is 37% by weight.
Dette forsøk viser de resultater som oppnås ved avsetning på konvensjonell måte ved en temperatur av 37,8°C og atmosfærisk trykk. This test shows the results obtained by conventional deposition at a temperature of 37.8°C and atmospheric pressure.
Eksempel IIExample II
Dette eksempel viser en utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. This example shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
Gassdannelsestrinnet er her tilsvarende det som er angitt i eks. I. Råstoffet til gassgeneratoren er i dette til- The gas formation step here corresponds to what is indicated in ex. I. The raw material for the gas generator is in this
felle en oppslemming av petroleumkoks oppmalt som i eks. 1 og inneholdende 47,7 vekt-% koks i "California Reduced"-råolje. Matehastigheten var 151,5 standard m 3/time oksygen, 194,4 kg oppslemming pr. time og 201,5 kg damp pr. time, noe som ga et atomforhold mellom oksygen og karbon på 0,943. Gassdannelses-temperaturen var 1247,2°C og trykket var 55,8 bar. trap a slurry of petroleum coke ground up as in ex. 1 and containing 47.7% by weight of coke in "California Reduced" crude oil. The feed rate was 151.5 standard m 3/hour oxygen, 194.4 kg slurry per hour and 201.5 kg of steam per hour, giving an atomic ratio of oxygen to carbon of 0.943. The gas formation temperature was 1247.2°C and the pressure was 55.8 bar.
Kjølevannet inneholdende suspendert ikke-omdannet fast brennstoff, overføres ved 210°C til en kontinuerlig avsettings-innretning der det holdes under et trykk på 55,2 bar. Etter en oppholdstid på 12 min, viste analyse av klaret vann som ble tatt fra toppen av avsettingsbeholderen, et faststoffinnhold på mindre enn 0,001 vekt-% faststoffer. Faststoffinnholdet for den konsentrerte suspensjon som fjernes fra bunnen av beholderen, var 40,1 vekt-%. The cooling water containing suspended unconverted solid fuel is transferred at 210°C to a continuous settling device where it is kept under a pressure of 55.2 bar. After a residence time of 12 min, analysis of clarified water taken from the top of the settling tank showed a solids content of less than 0.001% solids by weight. The solids content of the concentrated suspension removed from the bottom of the container was 40.1% by weight.
Man kan således merke seg at ved å overføre suspensjonen uten avkjøling fra kjølesonen til avsettingssonen ved i det vesentlige det samme trykk som i gassdannelsessonen, oppnår man overlegen avsetting 15 ganger så hurtig som avsettingen ifølge eks. I. It can thus be noted that by transferring the suspension without cooling from the cooling zone to the deposition zone at substantially the same pressure as in the gas formation zone, superior deposition is achieved 15 times as fast as the deposition according to ex. IN.
Det klarede vann tilbakeføres til avkjølingssonen medThe clarified water is returned to the cooling zone with
en minimal gjenopprettelse av trykket og suspenderte faststoffer blir etter tørking tilbakeført til blanderen der frisk oppslemming fremstilles. a minimal restoration of the pressure and suspended solids are, after drying, returned to the mixer where fresh slurry is produced.
Selv om eksemplene beskriver forgassing av koks i • en oljeoppslemming, kan fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen på samme måte brukes ved forgassing av kull i en oljeoppslemming, en oppslemming av kull i vann eller en oppslemming av koks i vann, Although the examples describe gasification of coke in • an oil slurry, the method according to the invention can be used in the same way for gasification of coal in an oil slurry, a slurry of coal in water or a slurry of coke in water,
for separering av ikke-omdannede faste brennstoffpartikler fra kjølevannet. for the separation of unconverted solid fuel particles from the cooling water.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse kan også benyttes der detThe present invention can also be used where it
faste brenselsråstoff suspenderes i et gassformig eller damp-. medium. solid fuel raw materials are suspended in a gaseous or steam-. medium.
I tillegg til å.kunne anvendes ved forgassingsprosesser der suspensjoner fremstilles ved direkte bråavkjøling av syntesegass, kan oppfinnelsen også anvendes på prosesser der varm syntesegass partielt avkjøles ved indirekte varmeveksling og deretter bringes i kontakt med kjøle- eller vaskevann. In addition to being able to be used in gasification processes where suspensions are produced by direct rapid cooling of synthesis gas, the invention can also be used in processes where hot synthesis gas is partially cooled by indirect heat exchange and then brought into contact with cooling or washing water.
Forskjellige modifikasjoner av oppfinnelsen kan gjennom-føres uten å gå utenfor dens ramme. Various modifications of the invention can be carried out without departing from its scope.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US92388078A | 1978-07-12 | 1978-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO791105L true NO791105L (en) | 1980-01-15 |
Family
ID=25449412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO791105A NO791105L (en) | 1978-07-12 | 1979-04-03 | RECOVERY OF NON-GLASSIFIED SOLID FUEL PARTICLES FROM WATER SUSPENSION |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS597754B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU521279B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1154255A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2916199A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2430974A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2025453B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO791105L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA791139B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU541330B2 (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1985-01-03 | Texaco Development Corp. | Recovery of carbon particles |
| JPS5958091A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1984-04-03 | Ube Ind Ltd | Partial oxidation method of solid fuel |
| DE3537493A1 (en) * | 1985-10-22 | 1987-04-23 | Uhde Gmbh | METHOD FOR TREATING QUENCH WATER |
| US6004379A (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 1999-12-21 | Texaco Inc. | System for quenching and scrubbing hot partial oxidation gas |
| AU741044B2 (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2001-11-22 | Texaco Development Corporation | System for quenching and scrubbing and cooling and washing hot partial oxidation gas |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3929429A (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1975-12-30 | Texaco Inc | Fuel gas from solid carbonaceous fuels |
| CA1070634A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1980-01-29 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Fines recycle in a coking process |
-
1979
- 1979-03-08 GB GB7908220A patent/GB2025453B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-12 ZA ZA791139A patent/ZA791139B/en unknown
- 1979-03-16 AU AU45186/79A patent/AU521279B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-03-19 JP JP54031230A patent/JPS597754B2/en not_active Expired
- 1979-04-03 NO NO791105A patent/NO791105L/en unknown
- 1979-04-21 DE DE19792916199 patent/DE2916199A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-07-10 FR FR7917819A patent/FR2430974A1/en active Granted
- 1979-07-11 CA CA000331576A patent/CA1154255A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS597754B2 (en) | 1984-02-20 |
| GB2025453B (en) | 1982-07-07 |
| JPS5513773A (en) | 1980-01-30 |
| ZA791139B (en) | 1980-07-30 |
| AU521279B2 (en) | 1982-03-25 |
| CA1154255A (en) | 1983-09-27 |
| FR2430974A1 (en) | 1980-02-08 |
| GB2025453A (en) | 1980-01-23 |
| FR2430974B1 (en) | 1984-03-30 |
| AU4518679A (en) | 1980-01-17 |
| DE2916199A1 (en) | 1980-01-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3617471A (en) | Hydrotorting of shale to produce shale oil | |
| US8114176B2 (en) | Catalytic steam gasification of petroleum coke to methane | |
| US3030297A (en) | Hydrogenation of coal | |
| US4166786A (en) | Pyrolysis and hydrogenation process | |
| US4204943A (en) | Combination hydroconversion, coking and gasification | |
| US3839186A (en) | Process for producing volatile hydrocarbon products from coal and hydrogen | |
| US4399314A (en) | Process for the production of fuels from tar sands | |
| US4358344A (en) | Process for the production and recovery of fuel values from coal | |
| JPS61200196A (en) | Thermal cracking of heavy oil | |
| US4578175A (en) | Combined process for coal pyrolysis and char gasification | |
| US3684689A (en) | Process for producing light products from heavy hydrocarbons | |
| US3922215A (en) | Process for production of hydrocarbon liquids and gases from oil shale | |
| US3617472A (en) | Production of shale oil | |
| US3765851A (en) | Gas production | |
| CA1089386A (en) | Liquefaction of coal | |
| US3565784A (en) | Hydrotorting of shale to produce shale oil | |
| US4125452A (en) | Integrated coal liquefaction process | |
| US4003821A (en) | Process for production of hydrocarbon liquid from oil shale | |
| US3929615A (en) | Production of hydrocarbon gases from oil shale | |
| JPH08269459A (en) | Liquefaction method of coal | |
| US3844937A (en) | Hydroconversion of tar sand bitumens | |
| NO791105L (en) | RECOVERY OF NON-GLASSIFIED SOLID FUEL PARTICLES FROM WATER SUSPENSION | |
| US4260472A (en) | Process of producing hydrocarbons from coal | |
| GB1579965A (en) | Coal liquefaction | |
| US4552649A (en) | Fluid coking with quench elutriation using industrial sludge |