NO790256L - PROCEDURE FOR PULP Gluing PAPER - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR PULP Gluing PAPERInfo
- Publication number
- NO790256L NO790256L NO790256A NO790256A NO790256L NO 790256 L NO790256 L NO 790256L NO 790256 A NO790256 A NO 790256A NO 790256 A NO790256 A NO 790256A NO 790256 L NO790256 L NO 790256L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- gluing
- paper
- cationic
- substituted succinic
- succinic anhydrides
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 5
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- GPFVWKXABQQNEM-BMRADRMJSA-N 3-[(e)-16-methylheptadec-1-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C1CC(=O)OC1=O GPFVWKXABQQNEM-BMRADRMJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAYAKFYASWYOEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octadec-1-enyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC1CC(=O)OC1=O KAYAKFYASWYOEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 cyclic carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCCC(=O)O1 VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/15—Polycarboxylic acids, e.g. maleic acid
- D21H17/16—Addition products thereof with hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til masseliming av papirProcedure for pulp gluing of paper
Denne oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte til masseliming av papir under anvendelse av substituerte ravsyreanhydrider. This invention relates to a method for pulp sizing paper using substituted succinic anhydrides.
For å redusere den hastighet med hvilken vann og andre væsker trenger inn i papir, til en bestemt grad, er det nødvendig å lime papiret, dvs. delvis hydrofobere det. Først etter limingen kan papiret skrives og trykkes på. In order to reduce the rate at which water and other liquids penetrate paper to a certain extent, it is necessary to glue the paper, i.e. partially hydrophobicize it. Only after gluing can the paper be written on and printed on.
Limingen av papir og kartong kan utføres ved hjelpThe gluing of paper and cardboard can be done using
av limingsmidler som enten tilsettes.papirmaterialet før ark-dannelsen (masseliming) eller påføres på den ferdige papir-bane ved hjelp av egnede påføringsinnretninger, såsom lim-presser eller sprøyteinnretninger (overflateliming). Det mest kjente masselimingsmiddel er harpikslim på kolofoniumbasis. Den herved oppnåelige liming av papiret må betegnes som god; of sizing agents which are either added to the paper material before sheet formation (mass sizing) or applied to the finished paper web using suitable application devices, such as glue presses or spraying devices (surface sizing). The best-known mass adhesive is rosin-based resin glue. The gluing of the paper that can be achieved in this way must be described as good;
limingen er imidlertid bundet til tilstedeværelse av en temme-lig stor mengde aluminiumsulfat. however, the bonding is tied to the presence of a relatively large amount of aluminum sulfate.
Fra US-patent 3 102 064 er det kjent en fremgangsmåte til masseliming av papir, ved hvilken det anvendes substituerte cykliske karboksylsyreanhydrider, f.eks. substituerte ravsyreanhydrider eller substituerte glutarsyreanhydrider, som masselimingsmiddel. De nevnte karboksylsyreanhydrider kan som substituenter inneholde alkyl-, alkenyl-, aralkyl- eller også aralkenyl-grupper. Limingsvirkningen av disse masselimingsmidler lar noe tilbake å ønske. From US patent 3 102 064, a method for mass gluing of paper is known, in which substituted cyclic carboxylic acid anhydrides are used, e.g. substituted succinic anhydrides or substituted glutaric anhydrides, as mass sizing agent. The mentioned carboxylic anhydrides can contain alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl or also aralkenyl groups as substituents. The bonding effect of these mass bonding agents leaves something to be desired.
Oppfinnelsen tar sikte på å tilveiebringe et limingsmiddel ved hvilket også en nøytral liming kan utføres, og som viser forbedrede limingsverdier sammenlignet med kjente limingsmidler på basis av substituerte ravsyreanhydrider. The invention aims to provide a gluing agent by which a neutral gluing can also be carried out, and which shows improved gluing values compared to known gluing agents based on substituted succinic anhydrides.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen løses oppgaven med den inn-ledningsvis beskrevne fremgangsmåte ved at det anvendes substituerte ravsyreanhydrider som substituenter inneholder oligomere av butener med 16-4 0 karbonatomer. De substituerte ravsyreanhydrider som anvendes i henhold til oppfinnelsen, emulgeres i vann ved hjelp av kationisk stivelse og/eller kationiske emulgeringsmidler. Til forbedring av limingen kan. det dessuten anvendes kationiske retensjonsmidler. According to the invention, the task is solved with the initially described method by using substituted succinic anhydrides as substituents containing oligomers of butenes with 16-40 carbon atoms. The substituted succinic anhydrides used according to the invention are emulsified in water using cationic starch and/or cationic emulsifiers. To improve the gluing can. cationic retention agents are also used.
De substituerte ravsyreanhydrider som skal anvendes for masseliming. i henhold til oppfinnelsen, og hvilke som The substituted succinic anhydrides to be used for mass sizing. according to the invention, and which
. substituent inneholder oligomere av butener med 16-40 karbonatomer, kan karakteriseres ved hjelp av den følgende formel: . substituent contains oligomers of butenes with 16-40 carbon atoms, can be characterized using the following formula:
hvor n = 4-10 og k = 0 til n - 1. Blandinger av anhydridene kan likeledes anvendes som masselimingsmidler. where n = 4-10 and k = 0 to n - 1. Mixtures of the anhydrides can also be used as mass sizing agents.
Forbindelsene med formelen I fremstilles ved at oligomere av buten med 16-40 karbonatomer omsettes med maleinsyreanhydrid ved temperaturer i området 150-250°C. De oligomere butener kan avledes av buten-1, buten-2 såvel som av isobutylen. Fortrinnsvis omsettes oligomerer av isobutylen med maleinsyreanhydrid. En'særlig virksom forhøyelse av fargeflytetiden The compounds with the formula I are prepared by reacting oligomers of butene with 16-40 carbon atoms with maleic anhydride at temperatures in the range 150-250°C. The oligomeric butenes can be derived from butene-1, butene-2 as well as from isobutylene. Preferably, oligomers of isobutylene are reacted with maleic anhydride. A particularly effective increase in color flow time
(tintenschwimmzeit), som benyttes til karakterisering av (tintenschwimmzeit), which is used to characterize
limingsvirkningen av limingsmidler, oppnås når man som masselimingsmiddel anvender reaksjonsprodukter av oligomere av isobuten med 20-32 karbonatomer og maleinsyreanhydrid. Typiske limingsmidler av nevnte art er eksempelvis penta-, heksa-, hepta- og oktaisobutenylravsyreanhydridet. Ved anvendelse av forbindelsene med formelen I som limingsmiddel er det nødvendig å dispergere disse i vann. Limingsmidlene blir enten direkte dispergert i vann eller i nærvær av emulgeringsmidler, fortrinnsvis kationiske emulgeringsmidler, eller i nærvær av kationisk stivelse. Fortrinnsvis anvender man kationiske stivelser. Emulgeringsmidler såvel som kationiske stivelser kan fåes i handelen og anvendes konvensjonelt i papirindustrien. Kationisk modifisert stivelse anvendes i en mengde på 0,05-2,00 vekt% beregnet på tørrvekten av papirfibrene. the gluing effect of gluing agents, is achieved when using as mass gluing agent reaction products of oligomers of isobutene with 20-32 carbon atoms and maleic anhydride. Typical adhesives of the aforementioned kind are, for example, penta-, hexa-, hepta- and octaisobutenyl succinic anhydride. When using the compounds of the formula I as an adhesive, it is necessary to disperse them in water. The sizing agents are either directly dispersed in water or in the presence of emulsifiers, preferably cationic emulsifiers, or in the presence of cationic starch. Cationic starches are preferably used. Emulsifiers as well as cationic starches can be obtained commercially and used conventionally in the paper industry. Cationic modified starch is used in an amount of 0.05-2.00% by weight calculated on the dry weight of the paper fibres.
En ytterligere forbedring- av limingsvirkningen avA further improvement of the bonding effect of
de limingsmidler som skal anvendes i henhold til oppfinnelsen, the adhesives to be used according to the invention,
oppnåes når det i tillegg også anvendes kationiske retensjonsmidler ved limingen. Egnede kationiske retensjonsmidler er eksempelvis kationisk modifiserte polymerisater av amider av etylenisk umettede C^- til C^-karboksylsyrer, som kationisk modifisert polyakrylamid eller polymetakrylamid, såvel som polyetylenimin og vannoppløselige fornettede kondensasjons-produkter av adipinsyre og polyalkylenpolyaminer. Produkter av denne art finnes i handelen; de anvendes i en mengde på 0,01 - 0,3 vekt% beregnet på tørt fibermateriale. is achieved when, in addition, cationic retention agents are also used during the gluing. Suitable cationic retention agents are, for example, cationically modified polymers of amides of ethylenically unsaturated C^- to C^-carboxylic acids, such as cationically modified polyacrylamide or polymethacrylamide, as well as polyethyleneimine and water-soluble cross-linked condensation products of adipic acid and polyalkylene polyamines. Products of this nature are available in the trade; they are used in an amount of 0.01 - 0.3% by weight calculated on dry fiber material.
Oppfinnelsen skal belyses nærmere ved de følgende eksempler. I disse eksempler er de angitte deler vektdeler, og prosentangivelsene er på vektbasis. The invention shall be explained in more detail by the following examples. In these examples, the parts given are parts by weight, and the percentages are on a weight basis.
Eksempel 1Example 1
I henhold til oppfinnelsen anvendes følgende limingsmidler : Limingsmiddel 1: tetraisobutenyl-ravsyreanhydrid Limingsmiddel 2: pentaisobutyl-ravsyreanhydrid According to the invention, the following adhesives are used: Adhesive 1: tetraisobutenyl succinic anhydride Adhesive 2: pentaisobutyl succinic anhydride
Limingsmiddel 3: heksaisobutenyl-ravsyreanhydridAdhesive 3: hexaisobutenyl succinic anhydride
For sammenligning med teknikkens stand ble de følgende limingsmidler utprøvet: For comparison with the state of the art, the following adhesives were tested:
Sammenligning 1: triisobuteny1-ravsyreanhydridComparison 1: triisobuteny1-succinic anhydride
Sammenligning 2: oktadecenyl-ravsyreanhydridComparison 2: octadecenyl succinic anhydride
Sammenligning 3: isooktadecenyl-ravsyreanhydridComparison 3: isooctadecenyl succinic anhydride
For utprøvning av limingsvirkningen av de ovenfor angitte stoffer ble, i hvert tilfelle, 5 deler av limingsmiddel 1-3 og de under sammenligning 1-3 angitte substituerte ravsyreanhydrider tilsatt til 100 deler av en 10 %ig oppløsning av en handelsvanlig kationisk stivelse i vann og utsatt for virk-ningen av et emulgeringsapparat i 5 minutter. Den derved erholdte emulsjon ble deretter fortynnet med vann til et limings-middelinnhold på 1,0 %. For testing the gluing effect of the above substances, in each case, 5 parts of gluing agent 1-3 and the substituted succinic anhydrides specified under comparison 1-3 were added to 100 parts of a 10% solution of a commercially available cationic starch in water and exposed to the action of an emulsifier for 5 minutes. The emulsion thus obtained was then diluted with water to a sizing agent content of 1.0%.
Til en 0,5 %ig oppslemning (pH-verdi 7,5) av bleket sulfitt-cellulose med en malegrad på 35°S.R. tilsettes det i hvert tilfelle så meget av de ovenfor beskrevne limingsmiddel-emulsjoner at innholdet av limingsmiddel, beregnet på tørr cellulose, utgjør 0,5 %. Ved hjelp av en laboratorie-ark-danningsmaskin fremstilles det i hvert tilfelle ark med en vekt på 2,5 g/m 2, som deretter tørkes i en tørkesylinder ved en temperatur på 90°C. Limingsresultatet bedømmes i hvert til felle ved hjelp av fargeflyteprøven inntil et 50 %ig gjennom-slag. Det ble anvendt en prøvefarge ifølge DIN 53 126. De oppnådde resultater er sammenstillet i den følgende tabell: To a 0.5% slurry (pH value 7.5) of bleached sulphite cellulose with a grinding degree of 35°S.R. in each case, so much of the sizing agent emulsions described above is added that the content of sizing agent, calculated on dry cellulose, amounts to 0.5%. Using a laboratory sheet-forming machine, sheets with a weight of 2.5 g/m 2 are produced in each case, which are then dried in a drying cylinder at a temperature of 90°C. The gluing result is assessed in each case using the color flow test up to a 50% penetration. A test color according to DIN 53 126 was used. The results obtained are compiled in the following table:
Eksempel 2 Example 2
For å vise at limingsvirkningen kan forbedres ved tilsetning av kationiske retensjoirsmidler kombinerer man det i eksempel 1 beskrevne limingsmiddel 3 med forskjellige mengder av et kationisk retensjonsmiddel. Som kationisk retensjonsmiddel anvendes et handelsvanlig vannoppløselig fornettet polyamidoamin, som fremstilles ved kondensasjon av adipinsyre og dietylentriamin og påfølgende omsetning av kondensasjons-produktet med epiklorhydrin. Fremstillingen av limingsmiddel-dispersjonene ble utført i henhold til angivelsene i eksempel 1. Innholdet av limingsmiddel, beregnet på tørr cellulose, utgjør 1,0 %. Ved forskjellige tilsatsmengder av kationisk retensjonsmiddel ble følgende verdier funnet for fargeflytetiden for de erholdte papirark: To show that the bonding effect can be improved by adding cationic retention agents, the bonding agent 3 described in example 1 is combined with different amounts of a cationic retention agent. A commercially available water-soluble cross-linked polyamidoamine is used as a cationic retention agent, which is produced by condensation of adipic acid and diethylenetriamine and subsequent reaction of the condensation product with epichlorohydrin. The preparation of the sizing agent dispersions was carried out according to the instructions in example 1. The content of sizing agent, calculated on dry cellulose, amounts to 1.0%. With different added amounts of cationic retention agent, the following values were found for the color flow time for the paper sheets obtained:
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782804202 DE2804202A1 (en) | 1978-02-01 | 1978-02-01 | METHOD OF SIZING PAPER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO790256L true NO790256L (en) | 1979-08-02 |
Family
ID=6030852
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO790256A NO790256L (en) | 1978-02-01 | 1979-01-25 | PROCEDURE FOR PULP Gluing PAPER |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54112203A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT367476B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1118166A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2804202A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK41079A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES477241A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2416301A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2015612B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7919654A0 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7900784A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO790256L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7900614L (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS583170U (en) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-10 | 松下電工株式会社 | electric razor |
| JPS5846197A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1983-03-17 | 星光化学工業株式会社 | Production of base paper for gypsum board |
| JPS58120897A (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-07-18 | 星光化学工業株式会社 | Sizing of paper |
| JPS58216730A (en) * | 1982-06-09 | 1983-12-16 | Seiko Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | Aqueous dispersion of substituted succinic anhydride, its manufacture, and paper sizing agent composed of said aqueous dispersion |
| JPS58220789A (en) * | 1982-06-18 | 1983-12-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Pressure-sensitive recording sheet |
| US5104486A (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1992-04-14 | Chevron Research Company | Alkenyl succinic anhydride composition |
| JPS59144696A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1984-08-18 | 荒川化学工業株式会社 | Paper size agent |
| JPS59144695A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1984-08-18 | 三菱石油株式会社 | Papermaking size agent |
| DE19952354A1 (en) * | 1999-10-30 | 2001-05-03 | Nopco Paper Technology Holding | Use of mixtures |
-
1978
- 1978-02-01 DE DE19782804202 patent/DE2804202A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-01-19 CA CA000319967A patent/CA1118166A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-23 SE SE7900614A patent/SE7900614L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-01-25 NO NO790256A patent/NO790256L/en unknown
- 1979-01-26 IT IT7919654A patent/IT7919654A0/en unknown
- 1979-01-29 ES ES477241A patent/ES477241A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-31 JP JP928979A patent/JPS54112203A/en active Pending
- 1979-01-31 GB GB7903459A patent/GB2015612B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-31 DK DK41079A patent/DK41079A/en unknown
- 1979-01-31 AT AT0072079A patent/AT367476B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-01-31 NL NL7900784A patent/NL7900784A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-02-01 FR FR7902637A patent/FR2416301A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7919654A0 (en) | 1979-01-26 |
| ES477241A1 (en) | 1979-12-01 |
| JPS54112203A (en) | 1979-09-03 |
| NL7900784A (en) | 1979-08-03 |
| AT367476B (en) | 1982-07-12 |
| CA1118166A (en) | 1982-02-16 |
| DE2804202A1 (en) | 1979-08-02 |
| FR2416301A1 (en) | 1979-08-31 |
| ATA72079A (en) | 1981-11-15 |
| GB2015612B (en) | 1983-04-27 |
| GB2015612A (en) | 1979-09-12 |
| FR2416301B3 (en) | 1981-11-27 |
| DK41079A (en) | 1979-08-02 |
| SE7900614L (en) | 1979-08-02 |
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