NO347701B1 - Vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents

Vertical axis wind turbine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
NO347701B1
NO347701B1 NO20220322A NO20220322A NO347701B1 NO 347701 B1 NO347701 B1 NO 347701B1 NO 20220322 A NO20220322 A NO 20220322A NO 20220322 A NO20220322 A NO 20220322A NO 347701 B1 NO347701 B1 NO 347701B1
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
rotor
turbine
vertical axis
axis wind
wind turbine
Prior art date
Application number
NO20220322A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO20220322A1 (en
Inventor
Odd B Skjaerseth
Bjørn Eilertsen
Original Assignee
Norestraen Ind As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norestraen Ind As filed Critical Norestraen Ind As
Priority to NO20220322A priority Critical patent/NO347701B1/en
Publication of NO20220322A1 publication Critical patent/NO20220322A1/en
Publication of NO347701B1 publication Critical patent/NO347701B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F03D3/0436—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels for shielding one side of the rotor
    • F03D3/0472—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels for shielding one side of the rotor the shield orientation being adaptable to the wind motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
The invention concerns a vertical axis wind turbine, wherein each of several straight rotor blades is pivotally supported about a vertical rotor blade shaft at a turbine rotor basis and at an upper end portion of a centre shaft of the turbine rotor, the centre shaft is supported by a thrust bearing of a foundation, the centre shaft is extending through and attached to a centre portion of the turbine rotor basis, and wherein the foundation is extending from a ground and is provided with a support bearing arranged to provide support for the turbine rotor basis distally from the centre shaft.
Vertical axis wind turbines (hereinafter also called VAWT) represent a unique form of power-generating technology. Historically, they have been relegated to fulfilling a small niche market in commercially available wind turbines due to their “yaw-less” design. Current VAWT designs lag behind their horizontal axis wind turbine counterparts in terms of efficiency, as measured by their power coefficient. However, new research suggests that these types of wind turbines may be better suited for wind farm installations than previously thought.
The Darrieus wind turbine is a type of vertical axis wind turbine used to generate electricity from wind energy. The turbine consists of a number of curved aerofoil blades mounted on a rotating shaft or framework. The curvature of the blades allows the blade to be stressed only in tension at high rotating speeds. This design of the turbine was presented by Georges Jean Marie Darrieus, a French aeronautical engineer in 1926. There are major difficulties in protecting the Darrieus turbine from extreme wind conditions and in making it self-starting.
The straight blade vertical axis wind turbine (hereinafter also called SB-VAWT) can be thought as a kind of the Darrieus type whose curved blades are replaced by straight blades. Compared with the Darrieus type, the rotor structure of straight blade type is simpler, and the cost of manufacture is cheaper. Generally, a normal straight blade vertical axis wind turbine usually has 2–6 blades. The NACA series symmetrical airfoils are often adopted for blades to achieve optimal efficiency. The NACA airfoils are airfoil shapes for aircraft wings developed by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. Still, the power efficiency of the present SB-VAWTs is not to satisfaction.
KR 20110050865 A discloses a vertical axis wind turbine system including a plurality of guide plates that are pivotally supported in a ring surrounding the wind turbine.
The invention has for its object to remedy or to reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art, or at least provide a useful alternative to prior art.
The object is achieved through features, which are specified in the description below and in the claims that follow.
A vertical axis wind turbine with several straight blades is provided. Each blade is supported at a turbine rotor basis and at least at an upper end portion of the turbine rotor, each blade being rotatable about a vertical blade shaft. A centre shaft of the turbine rotor is extending from a thrust bearing and through a centre of the basis of the turbine rotor to the upper end portion forming upper blade attachments. The centre shaft is connected to the turbine rotor basis. A foundation is extending vertically from the ground and is provided with a support bearing facing the basis of the turbine rotor distally from the vertical axis of the turbine rotor.
The turbine rotor is preferably connected to one or more power generators provided at the foundation. Preferably, the one or more power generators are provided inside the foundation. Preferably, a drive shaft of each of the one or more power generators and a circular pitch rack carried by the turbine rotor basis are interconnected by transmission means arranged to transform rotation of the turbine rotor into rotation of the drive shaft.
An actuator is connected to the shaft of each blade and is arranged to control the angular position of the blade. Preferably, the actuator is provided below the basis of the turbine rotor.
In one embodiment, each blade is sectioned, allowing additional blade supports to be arranged along the vertical extension of the blade. In a further embodiment the angular position of each blade section is individually controllable by separate actuators.
In one embodiment a control system arranged to continuously monitor wind direction and wind speed, typically by collecting and processing signals from one or more anemometers provided at the turbine rotor. Preferably, wireless signal transfer from the anemometer(s) is provided.
The invention is defined by the independent patent claim. The dependent claims define advantageous embodiments of the invention.
More specifically, the invention relates to a vertical axis wind turbine, wherein
each of several straight rotor blades is pivotally supported about a vertical rotor blade shaft at a turbine rotor basis and at an upper end portion of a centre shaft of the turbine rotor,
the centre shaft is supported by a thrust bearing of a stationary foundation, the centre shaft is extending through and attached to a centre portion of the turbine rotor basis,
wherein
the stationary foundation is extending from a ground and is provided with a support bearing arranged to support the turbine rotor basis distally from the centre shaft.
At least one power generator may be provided inside the foundation. An effect of this is that the at least one power generator is well protected inside a housing formed by the turbine rotor basis and the foundation.
A drive shaft of each power generator and a ring-shaped pitch rack attached to the turbine rotor basis may be interconnected by transmission means arranged to transform rotation of the turbine rotor into rotation of the drive shaft. An effect of this is that all of the transmission is well shielded inside the housing formed by the turbine rotor basis and the foundation.
An actuator may be connected to each rotor blade shaft, the actuator being arranged to control the angular position of the rotor blade. An effect of this is that the pivotal adjustment of each rotor blade can be easily performed on the run according to prevailing wind direction and speed.
The actuator may be provided below the basis of the turbine rotor. An effect of this is that the actuator is well protected.
Each rotor blade may be provided with several blade sections pivotally supported by intermediate blade attachments extending from the centre shaft of the turbine rotor. An effect of this is that the stability of the rotor blades is improved.
Each rotor blade section may be connected to one of several in-line rotor blade section shafts, each of the rotor blade section shafts interconnecting each rotor blade section and a rotor blade section actuator arranged to independently pivot each rotor blade section. An effect of this is that power efficiency of the wind turbine is improved bearing in mind that the wind speed and wind direction may vary from the ground to the top of the wind turbine.
A control system may be arranged to continuously monitor wind direction and wind speed by collecting and processing signals from one or more anemometers provided at the turbine rotor. An effect of this is that the power efficiency is further improved.
Wireless signal transfer from the one or more anemometers to the control system may be provided. An effect of this is that use of wire transition means from rotational to stationary elements are avoided.
In the following is described examples of preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig.1 shows in perspective view the vertical axis wind turbine according to the invention;
Fig.2 shows a side view of the vertical axis wind turbine with sectioned turbine blades;
Fig.3 shows a top view of the vertical axis wind turbine according to the invention;
Fig.4 shows at larger scale an axial section of a foundation and a lower portion of the wind turbine; and
Fig.5 shows at a larger scale a principle drawing of a sectioned rotor blade wherein each rotor blade section is individually controlled by an allocated rotor blade section actuator.
Any positional indications refer to the position shown in the figures.
In the figures, same or corresponding elements are indicated by same reference numerals. For clarity reasons, some elements may in some of the figures be with-out reference numerals.
A person skilled in the art will understand that the figures are just principal drawings. The relative proportions of individual elements may also be distorted.
In the figures reference numeral 1 denotes a vertical axis wind turbine provided with a turbine rotor 11 carrying several vertically extending straight rotor blades 12. The turbine rotor 11 is supported by a foundation 13 extending from a foundation plate 133 secured in a ground 3.
The turbine rotor 11 is provided with a vertical centre shaft 113 connected to and extending through a centre of a rotor basis 111. Several sets of blade attachments 114 are extending from the centre shaft 113, forming supports 114a along the turbine rotor 11 for a shaft 121 integrated in each of the rotor blades 12. The rotor blade supports 114a are formed as support bearings allowing the rotor blades 12 to pivot relative the turbine rotor 11.
It is now referred to figures 2-4. A lower end of the turbine rotor centre shaft 113 is supported in a thrust bearing 131 provided in the foundation 13. Furthermore, the turbine rotor 11 is supported by a support bearing 132 provided in the foundation 13, forming a sliding support for a periphery of the rotor basis 111. In the illustrated embodiment the support bearing 132 is formed by several support wheels 132a distributed along the periphery of the upper portion of the foundation 13 and forming support for the periphery of the rotor basis 111.
The turbine rotor basis 111 is provided with a ring-shaped pitch rack 115, as can best be seen in figure 4, arranged to engage with several power generators 14 arranged inside the foundation 13 of the wind generator 1 via transmission means 142, shown here as the pitch rack 115 engaging a pinion 142 attached to a drive shaft 141 of each of said power generators 14. The power generators 14 are connected to a system (not shown) for adapting the generated power (e.g. voltage, frequency and phase) to the power consumers prior to feeding the power to a connected power grid (not shown).
A rotor blade actuator 15 is attached to the turbine rotor basis 111 and is connected to a lower end of the rotor blade shaft 121 of each rotor blade 12 and is arranged to rotate the respective rotor blade 12 about its rotor blade shaft 121, thus directing the rotor blades 12 relative a monitored wind direction and the angular position at the turbine rotor 11 during the rotation of the turbine rotor 11. The rotor blade actuators 15 are connected to a power supply (not shown), typically via collector rings arrangements (not shown).
Once again it is referred to figure 2. The wind turbine 1 is provided with a control system 2 arranged to continuously monitor wind direction and wind speed, typically by collecting and processing signals from one or more anemometers 21 provided at the turbine rotor 11. Preferably, wireless signal transfer from the anemometer(s) 21 is provided.
Now it is referred to figure 5. In an alternative embodiment sectioned rotor blades 12, here provided with three rotor blade sections 12a, 12b, 12c, are arranged for individual rotation of each rotor blade section 12a, 12b, 12c by concentric rotor blade section shafts 121a, 121b, 121c interconnecting each of the rotor blade section 12a, 12b, 12c and a respective rotor blade section actuator 15a, 15b, 15c. To optimize the positioning of each rotor blade section 12a, 12b, 12c during the rotation of the turbine rotor 11, the control system 2 might process signals from anemometers 21 located close to each rotor blade section 12a, 12b, 12c, thus controlling the rotation of each rotor blade section 12a, 12b, 12c by individually operating each of the rotor blade section actuator 15a, 15b, 15c during the rotation of the turbine rotor 11.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. Use of the verb "comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim. The article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.

Claims (9)

C l a i m s
1. A vertical axis wind turbine (1), wherein
each of several straight rotor blades (12) is pivotally supported about a vertical rotor blade shaft (121) at a turbine rotor basis (111) and at an upper end portion (112) of a centre shaft (113) of the turbine rotor (11),
the centre shaft (113) is supported by a thrust bearing (131) of a stationary foundation (13),
the centre shaft (113) is extending through and attached to a centre portion of the turbine rotor basis (111),
c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that
the stationary foundation (13) is extending from a ground (3) and is provided with a support bearing (132) arranged to support the turbine rotor basis (111) distally from the centre shaft (113).
2. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to claim 1, wherein at least one power generator (14) is provided inside the foundation (13).
3. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to claim 2, wherein a drive shaft (141) of the at least one power generator (14) and a ring-shaped pitch rack (115) attached to the turbine rotor basis (111) are interconnected by transmission means (142) arranged to transform rotation of the turbine rotor (11) into rotation of the drive shaft (141).
4. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an actuator (15) is connected to each rotor blade shaft (121) and is arranged to control the angular position of the rotor blade (12).
5. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to claim 4, wherein the actuator (15) is provided below the basis (111) of the turbine rotor (11).
6. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each rotor blade (12) is provided with several blade sections (12a, 12b, 12c) pivotally supported by intermediate blade attachments (114) extending from the centre shaft (113) of the turbine rotor (11).
7. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to claim 6, wherein each rotor blade section (12a, 12b, 12c) is connected to one of several in-line rotor blade section shafts (121a, 121b, 121c), each of the rotor blade section shafts (121a, 121b, 121c) interconnecting each rotor blade section (12a, 12b, 12c) and a rotor blade section actuator (15a, 15b, 15c) arranged to independently pivot each rotor blade section (12a, 12b, 12c).
8. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a control system (2) is arranged to continuously monitor wind direction and wind speed by collecting and processing signals from one or more anemometers (21) provided at the turbine rotor (11).
9. The vertical axis wind turbine (1) according to claim 8, wherein wireless signal transfer from the one or more anemometers (21) to the control system (2) is provided.
NO20220322A 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Vertical axis wind turbine NO347701B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20220322A NO347701B1 (en) 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Vertical axis wind turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20220322A NO347701B1 (en) 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Vertical axis wind turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO20220322A1 NO20220322A1 (en) 2023-09-18
NO347701B1 true NO347701B1 (en) 2024-02-26

Family

ID=88372548

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO20220322A NO347701B1 (en) 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Vertical axis wind turbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
NO (1) NO347701B1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110050895A (en) * 2009-11-09 2011-05-17 이소학 Windmill
US8410622B1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2013-04-02 Christopher S. Wallach Vertical axis wind turbine with computer controlled wings
US20150292481A1 (en) * 2012-11-26 2015-10-15 Supervawt Limited Vertical axis turbine
US20170138345A1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2017-05-18 Agile Wind Power Ag Vertical Axis Wind Turbine and Method for Operating Such a Turbine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8410622B1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2013-04-02 Christopher S. Wallach Vertical axis wind turbine with computer controlled wings
KR20110050895A (en) * 2009-11-09 2011-05-17 이소학 Windmill
US20150292481A1 (en) * 2012-11-26 2015-10-15 Supervawt Limited Vertical axis turbine
US20170138345A1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2017-05-18 Agile Wind Power Ag Vertical Axis Wind Turbine and Method for Operating Such a Turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20220322A1 (en) 2023-09-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5850108A (en) Fluid flow power generation system with foil
US20090191057A1 (en) Multi-Axis Wind Turbine With Power Concentrator Sail
US9041239B2 (en) Vertical axis wind turbine with cambered airfoil blades
US7750490B2 (en) Method and system for extracting inertial energy from a wind turbine
US20140271216A1 (en) Horizontal axis wind or water turbine with forked or multi-blade upper segments
US9309863B2 (en) Maximally efficient vertical axis wind turbine
US11236724B2 (en) Vertical axis wind turbine
US20140112777A1 (en) System and method for mitigating wake losses in a windfarm
US20140030059A1 (en) Fluid turbine with variable pitch shroud segments
DK177336B1 (en) Device and system for harvesting the energy of a fluid stream comprising
US9004851B1 (en) Efficient spiral wind-turbine configuration
EP2923077B1 (en) Wind turbine rotor and methods of assembling the same
WO2013042112A1 (en) Pivotal jet wind turbine
US20130200618A1 (en) High efficiency wind turbine
NO347701B1 (en) Vertical axis wind turbine
WO2011065840A2 (en) Method for turning a wind power plant relative to the wind direction
KR20120139154A (en) Vertical axis type wind power generator fused lift and drag
US20130015666A1 (en) Horizontal-axis wind turbine
EP1010891A1 (en) Wind turbine with wind channeling means
US11885302B2 (en) Efficient wind energy convertor without gearbox or multi-pole generator
GB2413367A (en) Wind turbine
CN220599928U (en) Novel parallel double wind wheel fan
Elistratov The development of the wind power industry in Russia
TWI730337B (en) Control method of wind power generation device
CN101876295A (en) Dumbbell wind-tunnel pressurized wind power generation system