NO316067B1 - Sodium bentonite-free suspension for injection - Google Patents
Sodium bentonite-free suspension for injection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO316067B1 NO316067B1 NO19962891A NO962891A NO316067B1 NO 316067 B1 NO316067 B1 NO 316067B1 NO 19962891 A NO19962891 A NO 19962891A NO 962891 A NO962891 A NO 962891A NO 316067 B1 NO316067 B1 NO 316067B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- finely divided
- injection
- agent according
- weight
- binder
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002310 Welan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008886 Ceratonia siliqua Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013912 Ceratonia siliqua Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000281 calcium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003090 carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=CC=CC2=C1 SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBYZIWCZNMOEAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene Chemical class O=C.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 CBYZIWCZNMOEAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008155 medical solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/48—Clinker treatment
- C04B7/52—Grinding ; After-treatment of ground cement
- C04B7/527—Grinding ; After-treatment of ground cement obtaining cements characterised by fineness, e.g. by multi-modal particle size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
- C09K17/42—Inorganic compounds mixed with organic active ingredients, e.g. accelerators
- C09K17/44—Inorganic compounds mixed with organic active ingredients, e.g. accelerators the inorganic compound being cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Injeksjonsmiddel som tørrblanding til fremstilling av en injeksjonssuspensjon til avtetting og/eller reduksjon av gjennomtrengeligheten i grunn (løssteiner) og/ eller fjell og/eller byggverk mot en gjennomtrengning av fluidumer, særlig av vann og/eller gasser, hvilket injeksjonsmiddel inneholder i det minste et mineralsk bindemiddel, særlig et finbindemiddel, i det minste et stabiliseringsmiddel, i det minste et plastiseringsmiddel så vel som eventuelt andre vanlige tilsetningsmiddel, som i det minste en herdeakselerator, et injeksjonshjelpemiddel og vannretensjonsmiddel, hvorved stabiliseringsmidlet er i det minste et organisk tykningsmiddel, og blandingen dessuten oppviser i det minste et i det vesentlige tregt finfyllstoff.Injection agent as a dry mixture for the preparation of an injection suspension for sealing and / or reducing the permeability of soil (loose stones) and / or rock and / or structures against a permeation of fluids, in particular water and / or gases, which injector contains at least one mineral binder, in particular a fine binder, at least one stabilizer, at least one plasticizer as well as any other common additive, such as at least one curing accelerator, an injection aid and water retention agent, the stabilizer being at least one organic thickener, and the mixture moreover, exhibits at least one substantially slow fines.
Description
NATRIUMBENTONITTFRITT INJEKSJONSMIDDEL I SUSPENSJONSFORM SODIUM BENTONITE-FREE INJECTABLE IN SUSPENSION FORM
Oppfinnelsen vedrører et injeksjonsmiddel i suspensjonsform til fluidavtetting og/eller til reduksjon av fluiders gjen-nomtrengelighet i løs grunn (løssteiner), grunnfjell og/eller byggverk. Dette gjelder særlig fluider i form av vann og/eller gasser. Oppfinnelsen er særlig anvendelig til såle-avtetting av en byggegruves sandholdige undergrunn og til avtetting av sprekker og kløfter i grunnfjell. The invention relates to an injection agent in suspension form for fluid sealing and/or for reducing the permeability of fluids in loose soil (loose stones), bedrock and/or construction. This particularly applies to fluids in the form of water and/or gases. The invention is particularly applicable for sole sealing of the sandy subsoil of a building mine and for sealing cracks and crevices in bedrock.
Ved underjordiske byggforetak i sandholdig undergrunn skal inntrengning av grunnvann i byggegruven unngås. Vanligvis avbryter man grunnvanntilførselen ved vertikal omslutnmg av byggegruven med en tetningsvegg eller smalvegg. Fremtrengnmg av grunnvann fra undergrunnen avbryter man ved grunninjeksjo-ner med injeksjonsløsninger eller mjeksjonssuspensjoner, hvorved det injiseres i et bestemt raster. In the case of underground construction projects in sandy subsoil, penetration of groundwater into the construction pit must be avoided. Usually, the groundwater supply is interrupted by vertically enclosing the construction mine with a sealing wall or narrow wall. Groundwater displacement from the subsoil is interrupted by ground injections with injection solutions or medicinal suspensions, whereby it is injected in a specific grid.
Injeksjonssuspensjonens faststoff skal oppvise kornstørrelser som gjør det mulig å trenge mn i de minste hulrom. Dessuten må mjeksjonssuspensjonen garantere at etter en såkalt modningstid, det injiserte grunnlegemes vanngjennomtrengelighet i det minste er tilstrekkelig vidtgående redusert. Injek-sjonsmatenalet må ikke være noen fare for miljøet. Injek-sjonsprosessen må være teknisk lett håndterlig og økonomisk å utføre. The solid substance of the injection suspension must have grain sizes that make it possible to penetrate the smallest cavities. Furthermore, the medicinal suspension must guarantee that after a so-called maturation period, the water permeability of the injected base body is at least sufficiently reduced. The injection material must not pose any danger to the environment. The injection process must be technically easy to handle and economical to carry out.
Det er kjent å benytte mjeksjonsløsninger i form av såkalt "mykgel" eller finsementsuspensjoner. It is known to use medical solutions in the form of so-called "soft gel" or fine cement suspensions.
Mykgelene består av løsninger av vannglass og en herde-komponent. Det er en ulempe at løsningen etter tilsetting av herderen må injiseres innenfor et meget kort tidsrom, fordi det ellers vil skje reaksjoner som øker mjeksjonssuspensjo-nens viskositet, slik at injeksjonen ikke lar seg gjennomfø-re. Dessuten er borttransportermgen av rester av suspensjo-nen problematisk. En ganske vesentlig ulempe er imidlertid den uønskede, høye blivende tilføring av alkalier i grunn-vannet. Det stilles derfor allerede krav om å utelukke en slik mykgel som injeksjonsmateriale. The soft gels consist of solutions of water glass and a hardening component. It is a disadvantage that, after adding the hardener, the solution must be injected within a very short period of time, because otherwise reactions will occur which increase the viscosity of the medicinal suspension, so that the injection cannot be carried out. Furthermore, the removal of residues of the suspension is problematic. A rather significant disadvantage, however, is the unwanted, high permanent addition of alkalis to the ground water. Demands are therefore already being made to exclude such a soft gel as an injection material.
Fmsementsuspensjoner består av vannholdige oppslemminger av finsementer med stor finhetsgrad, til hvilke det for det meste blir tilsatt natriumbentonitt for stabilisering. Disse suspensjoner er enkle og ufarlige å bearbeide. Finsementer består for det meste av fint oppmalte slagg og aktivator og/eller portlandsementer, hvilke etter tilsetting av vann ifølge deres hydratasjon midlertidig reagerer alkalisk under frigjøring av CA(OH)2. Dette CA(OH)2 reagerer med C02 i grunn-vannet til kalk. Ifølge dette er mjeksjonsprosessen med fin-sernentsuspensjoner miljøbesparende. Fmcement suspensions consist of aqueous slurries of fine cements with a high degree of fineness, to which sodium bentonite is mostly added for stabilization. These suspensions are easy and harmless to process. Fine cements mostly consist of finely ground slag and activator and/or portland cements, which after the addition of water, according to their hydration, temporarily react alkaline with the release of CA(OH)2. This CA(OH)2 reacts with C02 in the groundwater to lime. According to this, the treatment process with fin-cerent suspensions is environmentally friendly.
Natriumbentonitt er en sterkt ekspansjonsdyktig leire som i vannholdige suspensjoner oppløses i finpartikler. Disse natriumbentonitt-fmpartikler bibringer suspensjoner i hvile-tilstand en flytegrense som hindrer de faste bestanddeler i å sedimentere. I nærvær av hydratiserende sement, har natriumbentonitt en tilbøyelighet til ioneomlasting med en uønsket agglomerasjon som følge. Utgangskomponentenes høye finhetsgrad kan dermed ikke utnyttes fullt ut. Dessuten er lagrings-stabiliteten for natriumbentonitt-finsementblandinger meget begrenset. Sodium bentonite is a highly expandable clay which in aqueous suspensions dissolves into fine particles. These sodium bentonite particles give suspensions at rest a yield point which prevents the solid components from settling. In the presence of hydrating cement, sodium bentonite has a propensity for ion reloading resulting in undesirable agglomeration. The high degree of fineness of the output components cannot therefore be fully utilized. Furthermore, the storage stability of sodium bentonite fine cement mixtures is very limited.
En ytterligere ulempe ved natriumbentonitt-stabiliserte fmsementsuspensjoner er at den ønskede virkning av injeksjonen blir innskrenket i saltførende grunn. I tillegg kommer at natriumbentonitt-finsementsuspensjoner med høye vann-bindemiddel-verdier, har en tilbøyelighet til å sive ut i undergrunnen, hvilket som regel bare kan unngås ved å øke ande-len natriumbentonitt betydelig. Med økt andel natriumbentonitt, øker derimot faren for agglomerasjon også. A further disadvantage of sodium bentonite-stabilised fmcement suspensions is that the desired effect of the injection is limited in salt-bearing ground. In addition, sodium bentonite fine cement suspensions with high water-binder values have a tendency to seep into the subsoil, which can usually only be avoided by significantly increasing the proportion of sodium bentonite. With an increased proportion of sodium bentonite, however, the risk of agglomeration also increases.
Det er oppfinnelsens formål å tilveiebringe en meget finpartiklet blanding i form av et injeksjonsmiddel i suspensjonsform, og som er basert på minst ett meget findelt bindemiddel. Injeksjonssuspensjoner av midlet er lette å bearbeide og garanterer en optimal fluidavtetting, henholdsvis reduksjon av fluidgjennomtrengeligheten, og er lagringsstabile som tørrblandinger. It is the purpose of the invention to provide a very finely divided mixture in the form of an injection agent in suspension form, and which is based on at least one very finely divided binder. Injection suspensions of the agent are easy to process and guarantee optimal fluid sealing, respectively reduction of fluid permeability, and are storage-stable as dry mixtures.
Formålet oppnås ved trekk som angitt i følgende beskrivelse og i etterfølgende patentkrav. The purpose is achieved by features as stated in the following description and in subsequent patent claims.
Blandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen er fri for natriumbentonitt og fattig på bindemiddel. Vesentlige basiskomponenter i blandingen er et meget findelt bindemiddel; fluidisenngsmiddel; et i det vesentlige inert mineralsk, meget finpartiklet, og rammeverkdannende fyllstoff; og i det minste ett mikrobielt polysakkarid, som virker som tetningsmiddel og som stabiliseringsmiddel; og eventuelt en akselerator. Inert i oppfinnelsens forstand betyr at fyllstoffet er reaksjonstregt eller ikke reagerer, eller reagerer bare uvesentlig. Det kan oppvise en liten latent hydraulisitet eller pozzolanitet. The mixture according to the invention is free of sodium bentonite and low in binder. Essential base components of the mixture are a very finely divided binder; fluid thickener; a substantially inert mineral, very fine particle, and framework-forming filler; and at least one microbial polysaccharide, which acts as a sealing agent and as a stabilizing agent; and possibly an accelerator. Inert in the sense of the invention means that the filler is slow to react or does not react, or reacts only insignificantly. It may exhibit a slight latent hydraulicity or pozzolanity.
Finbindemidlets finhet er kjent. Polysakkaridene blir for eksempel beskrevet i Ullmanns Enzyklopadie der technishcen Che-mie, 4 (leksikon, teknisk kjemi), revidert og utvidet opplag, bind 19, side 233 og følgende sider. Særlig egnede stabiliseringsmiddel er for eksempel celluloseetere som hydroksyetyl-cellulose (HEC), karboksymetylhydroksyetylcellulose (CMHEC) og karboksymetylcellulose (CMC), men særlig biopolymerer på xantan- eller welan-gummi-basis. Virkningen av disse stoff, særlig av polymer på welan-gummi-basis eller welan-gummi i seg selv; eller syntetiske polymerisat-tykningsmiddel, som for eksempel på akrylsyrebasis, kan bli forsterket gjennom synergier med celluloseprodukter, som for eksempel HEC, CMHEC og CMC, eller andre naturlige tyknere, som for eksempel guar-og johannesbrødkjernemel. The fineness of the fine binder is known. The polysaccharides are described, for example, in Ullmann's Enzyklopadie der technishcen Che-mie, 4 (encyclopedia, technical chemistry), revised and expanded edition, volume 19, page 233 and the following pages. Particularly suitable stabilizers are, for example, cellulose ethers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), but especially biopolymers based on xanthan or welan gum. The effect of these substances, especially of polymer on a welan rubber basis or welan rubber itself; or synthetic polymer thickeners, such as acrylic acid-based, can be enhanced through synergies with cellulose products, such as HEC, CMHEC and CMC, or other natural thickeners, such as guar and locust bean gum.
Fra DE 43 39 386 Al er natriumbentonitt-fluiditetsmedia for borespylmg og gjenfylling av seismiske flatbonnger kjent, hvilke medier ved siden av bentonitt og sement i tillegg inneholder utvalgte polysakkarider. Gjennom polysakkaridet skal sedimenteringsprosessen og filterkakedannelsen forbedres. Dessuten er mjeksjonssuspensjoner av sement og vann kjent, hvilke inneholder et polysakkarid i kombinasjon med et super-kondenseringsmiddel ("Applications of Rheological Modifiers and Superplasticizers in Cementitious Systems", C. B. Skaggs, W. G. Rakitsky, og S. F. Whitaker, Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete, Proceedings of 4th CANMET/ACI International Conference, Montreal, Canada, okto-ber 1994). I de kjente blandinger skjer i det første tilfelle bare målrettet oppbygningen av en avtettende filterkake, i det andre tilfelle blir avtettmgen beskrevet bare gjennom selve bmdemidlet. Samspillet mellom komponentene ifølge oppfinnelsen blir det dermed ikke tatt hensyn til. Dette lykkes etter den foreliggende oppfinnelse bare gjennom anvendelsen av et meget findelt bindemiddel i forbindelse med et meget findelt fyllstoff og polysakkarider, hvorved blandingen må være fri for natriumbentonitt. From DE 43 39 386 A1 sodium bentonite fluidity media for drilling flushing and refilling of seismic flatbeds is known, which media besides bentonite and cement also contain selected polysaccharides. Through the polysaccharide, the sedimentation process and filter cake formation are to be improved. Also, medicated suspensions of cement and water are known, which contain a polysaccharide in combination with a super-condensing agent ("Applications of Rheological Modifiers and Superplasticizers in Cementitious Systems", C. B. Skaggs, W. G. Rakitsky, and S. F. Whitaker, Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete , Proceedings of 4th CANMET/ACI International Conference, Montreal, Canada, Oct-ber 1994). In the known mixtures, in the first case only the targeted build-up of a sealing filter cake takes place, in the second case the sealing quality is described only through the sealing agent itself. The interaction between the components according to the invention is thus not taken into account. According to the present invention, this only succeeds through the use of a very finely divided binder in connection with a very finely divided filler and polysaccharides, whereby the mixture must be free of sodium bentonite.
Blandingene ifølge oppfinnelsen er lagnngsstabile, og de derav fremstilte suspensjoner er sedimenteringsstabile over lang tid og kan også anvendes i saltførende grunn uten å for-ringes. Komponentenes høye finhetsgrad ved bruk av meget findelt bindemiddel, kan utnyttes fullt ut. Dannelsen av agglo-merater gjennom kjemiske eller kjemiskfysikalske forandringer i en bestanddel er utelukket. Et filtratvanntap, målt etter API RP 13B-testen, er lite, og det dannes ikke noen filterkake. Dersom man til injeksjon i et sandsjikt anvender en in-jeksjonsblanding med en fyllstoffandel som fortrinnsvis over-stiger 50 vektprosent av blandingens faststoffgehalt, blir vanngjennomtrengelighetsverdien ifølge DIN 18130 drastisk redusert, hvilket er overraskende. The mixtures according to the invention are layer-stable, and the suspensions produced therefrom are sedimentation-stable over a long time and can also be used in salt-bearing soil without deteriorating. The components' high degree of fineness when using very finely divided binder can be fully utilized. The formation of agglomerates through chemical or chemical-physical changes in a component is excluded. A filtrate water loss, measured according to the API RP 13B test, is small and no filter cake is formed. If an injection mixture is used for injection into a sand layer with a filler proportion that preferably exceeds 50% by weight of the solids content of the mixture, the water permeability value according to DIN 18130 is drastically reduced, which is surprising.
Hva den spesielle virkning av stabiliseringsmidlets kombinasjon med faststoffsystemet kommer av, er enda ikke kjent. Faststoffene i suspensjonene tilberedt med vann/faststoff-verdier som fortrinnsvis er over 5, er teoretisk sett ikke i stand til å utfylle de relativt store mellomrom i for eksempel sandholdig grunn, henholdsvis i fjellsprekker med mange kløfter. Kombinasjonen av bestanddelene stabilisenngsmiddel/ meget findelt fyllstoff og meget findelt bindemiddel, danner meget sannsynlig et rammeverk eller skjellett i sandens porerom, henholdsvis mellom sprekkekantene i fjellet. Dette rammeverk eller skjellett støtter seg på sandkornene, henholdsvis sprekkeveggene, og deler opp porerommene i mindre porer, slik at det mest mulig vidtgående kan bli satt en stopper for inntrengningen og gjennomtrengningen av vann. Stabiliseringsmidlet har blant annet den oppgave å holde fast de faste kom-ponenter (fyllstoff og sement, særlig finsement) i kløften, henholdsvis i kilene, mellom sandkornene til silikathydrat-fåsenes krystaller, henholdsvis krystallitter, som vokser fra sementkornene og radialt ut i rommet, binder fylistoffkornene sammen til et slitesterkt nett og forbinder dem med rom-veggene. What the special effect of the stabilizer's combination with the solids system comes from is not yet known. The solids in the suspensions prepared with water/solids values that are preferably above 5 are theoretically unable to fill the relatively large spaces in, for example, sandy soil, or in rock fissures with many canyons. The combination of the components stabilizer/very finely divided filler and very finely divided binder very likely forms a framework or skeleton in the pore space of the sand, respectively between the crack edges in the rock. This framework or skeleton rests on the grains of sand, respectively the crack walls, and divides the pore spaces into smaller pores, so that the penetration and penetration of water can be stopped as far as possible. Among other things, the stabilizing agent has the task of holding the solid components (filler and cement, especially fine cement) in the gap, respectively in the wedges, between the sand grains of the silicate hydrate basins' crystals, respectively crystallites, which grow from the cement grains and radially out into the room, binds the filler grains together into a durable mesh and connects them to the room walls.
Som meget findelt fyllstoff kan leirholdig steinmel og leirmel anvendes, ettersom leirkomponentene vidtgående forholder seg tregt overfor kalsiumioner, som ved for eksempel kalsiumbentonittiske, kaolinittiske og illittiske leirer. Ved høye vann/faststoffverdier vil kalsiumbentonitt, illitt og kaoli-nitt ikke bidra, eller bare uvesentlig bidra, til å støtte en suspensjon, dette i motsetning til natriumbentonitt som har rollen som et stabilisermgsmiddel. Kalsiumbentonittiske, kaolinittiske og illittiske leirer bidrar heller ikke vesentlig til fasthetsutviklmgen, av hvilken grunn de blir benyttet som "trege" fyllstoffer i oppfinnelsens forstand. Clay-containing stone flour and clay flour can be used as very finely divided filler, as the clay components generally react slowly to calcium ions, as with, for example, calcium bentonite, kaolinitic and illitic clays. At high water/solids values, calcium bentonite, illite and kaolinite will not contribute, or contribute only insignificantly, to supporting a suspension, in contrast to sodium bentonite, which has the role of a stabilizing agent. Calcium bentonite, kaolinitic and illitic clays also do not contribute significantly to the strength development, for which reason they are used as "slow" fillers in the sense of the invention.
Til meget findelte fyllstoffer regnes bl.a. flyveaske, og/eller bestemte tregtreagerende slaggmel og/eller bestemte steinmel, eksempelvis trass eller pimpstein eller lignende. Disse finfyllstoffer yter riktignok et mindre fasthetsbidrag over et lengre tidsrom, men hvilket er uten betydning innenfor et kort tidsrom. Very finely divided fillers include e.g. fly ash, and/or certain slow-reacting slag flour and/or certain stone flour, for example travertine or pumice stone or the like. These fine fillers do indeed make a smaller contribution to firmness over a longer period of time, but this is of no importance within a short period of time.
Gjennom sammensetningen av det foreliggende injeksjonsmiddel skjer en avtetting av porene som, sammenlignet med andre stoffer, er forbundet med forbedret miljøvennlighet pga. en avgjørende reduksjon av frigjorte alkali- og jordalkalnoner. Blandinger av injeksjonssuspensjonen ifølge oppfinnelsen består i det vesentlige av: - Komponent A: meget findelt bindemiddel, fortrinnsvis sement; - Komponent B: meget findelt fyllstoff, særlig steinmel; - Komponent C: stabiliseringsmiddel i form av et polysakkarid; - Komponent D: fluidiseringsmiddel; Through the composition of the present injectable, the pores are sealed which, compared to other substances, is associated with improved environmental friendliness due to a decisive reduction of released alkali and alkaline earth ions. Mixtures of the injection suspension according to the invention essentially consist of: - Component A: very finely divided binder, preferably cement; - Component B: very finely divided filler, especially stone flour; - Component C: stabilizer in the form of a polysaccharide; - Component D: fluidizing agent;
- Komponent E: herdeakselerator. - Component E: curing accelerator.
Dessuten kan andre vanlige tilsetningsmiddel forefinnes, som injeksjonshjelpemiddel eller vannretensjonsmiddel. In addition, other common additives may be present, such as injection aids or water retention agents.
Foretrukne blandinger inneholder følgende bestanddeler: Preferred compositions contain the following ingredients:
- Komponent A: 80 til 20 vektprosent, særlig 70 til 30 vektprosent, fortrinnsvis 60 til 40 vektprosent; - Komponent B: 20 til 80 vektprosent, særlig 30 til 70 vektprosent, fortrinnsvis 40 til 60 vektprosent; - Komponent C: 0,05 til 2 vektprosent, særlig 0,2 til 1 vektprosent, i forhold til summen av komponent A og B - Komponent D: 0,1 til 3 vektprosent, særlig 0,2 til 1 vektprosent, i forhold til summen av komponent A og B - Komponent E: 1 til 10 vektprosent, særlig 2 til 6 vektprosent, i forhold til bindemidlet. - Component A: 80 to 20% by weight, in particular 70 to 30% by weight, preferably 60 to 40% by weight; - Component B: 20 to 80% by weight, in particular 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight; - Component C: 0.05 to 2% by weight, in particular 0.2 to 1% by weight, in relation to the sum of components A and B - Component D: 0.1 to 3% by weight, in particular 0.2 to 1% by weight, in relation to the sum of component A and B - Component E: 1 to 10 percent by weight, in particular 2 to 6 percent by weight, in relation to the binder.
Fortrinnsvis blir en meget findelt sement, særlig på port-land- og støperisementbasis, benyttet som bindemiddel. Godt egnet er også blandinger av meget findelt sement og meget findelt slaggmel. Som meget findelt fyllstoff blir særlig steinmel, særlig kalksteinmel, med en kornstørrelse på 5 um < x < 40 nm benyttet. Fluidiseringsmidlet er særlig et sulfonert naftalinformaldehydkondensat (PNS), og som akselerator blir det foretrukket å benytte natriumsulfat. Et foretrukket stabiliseringsmiddel er welan-gummi. Preferably, a very finely divided cement, especially on a port-land and foundry cement basis, is used as a binder. Mixtures of very finely divided cement and very finely divided slag flour are also suitable. As very finely divided filler, stone flour, particularly limestone flour, with a grain size of 5 µm < x < 40 nm is used. The fluidising agent is in particular a sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate (PNS), and it is preferred to use sodium sulphate as an accelerator. A preferred stabilizer is welan gum.
Gjennom intensiv sammenblanding med vann, blir en blanding ifølge oppfinnelsen gjort til en suspensjon. Derved kan også delmengder senere tilføres som kompound, eksempelvis på en byggeplass. En vann/faststoffverdi som fortrinnsvis er over 3,5, kan derved innstilles. Through intensive mixing with water, a mixture according to the invention is made into a suspension. Thereby, partial quantities can also be added later as a compound, for example on a building site. A water/solids value that is preferably above 3.5 can thereby be set.
Etter en modningstid er permeabiliteten i sjiktet som ble in-jisert med blandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen, i det minste sterkt redusert. Blandingene ifølge oppfinnelsen oppviser en liten faststoffgehalt, hvorved en meget høy vann/faststoff-verdi på over 5 vil være riktig for kravene etter avtettingen av for eksempel sålesjiktet av sand eller sandholdig grunn. Nevnte vann/faststoffverdi tilsvarer en vann/bindemiddelverdi på fortrinnsvis over 10. En suspensjon ifølge oppfinnelsen egner seg likeledes til injisering i fjellsprekker. Suspen-sjonens stabilitet fremkommer gjennom tilsetningen av den After a maturation period, the permeability in the layer that was injected with the mixture according to the invention is at least greatly reduced. The mixtures according to the invention have a small solids content, whereby a very high water/solids value of over 5 will be correct for the requirements after the sealing of, for example, the sole layer of sand or sandy soil. Said water/solids value corresponds to a water/binder value of preferably above 10. A suspension according to the invention is also suitable for injection into rock crevices. The stability of the suspension comes about through the addition of it
(det) assosiative tykner (stabiliseringsmiddel). Finheten av det meget findelte bindemiddel og fyllstoff retter seg etter arten av grunn som skal injiseres, og dets kornstørrelse lig-ger fortrinnsvis i området over 5 um og under 24 pm. Som meget findelt bindemiddel kan man også anvende latent hydrau-liske bindemidler med aktivator eller naturlige eller kunsti-ge pozzolaner (trass, kalsmert leire, kalsinert kaolm eller kalsinert steinmel eller flyveaske eller silikastøv) med en reaksjonspartner. Man kan også anvende leirjord-smeltesement. (it) associative thickener (stabilizer). The fineness of the very finely divided binder and filler depends on the type of soil to be injected, and its grain size is preferably in the range above 5 µm and below 24 µm. Latent hydraulic binders with activator or natural or artificial pozzolans (slag, calcined clay, calcined kaolin or calcined stone flour or fly ash or silica dust) with a reaction partner can also be used as a very finely divided binder. You can also use clay-melting cement.
Derved er aktivatorer, henholdsvis reaksjonspartnere, som regel finsement, finkalsiumhydroksid, natrium- eller kaliumhy-droksid eller natrium- eller kaliumsulfat. Som allerede nevnt, kan også leirholdige steinmel og leirmel anvendes som meget findelt fyllstoff, ettersom leirkomponentene forholder seg vidtgående tregt overfor kalsiumioner, eksempelvis ved kalsiumbentonittiske, kaolinittiske og illittiske leirer. Injeksjonshjelpemiddel er dispergeringsmiddel som naftalinfor-maldehydkondensatsulfonat eller natriumpolymetakrylat. Thereby, activators, respectively reaction partners, are usually fine cement, fine calcium hydroxide, sodium or potassium hydroxide or sodium or potassium sulphate. As already mentioned, clay-containing stone flour and clay flour can also be used as very finely divided filler, as the clay components are generally slow to calcium ions, for example in the case of calcium bentonite, kaolinitic and illitic clays. Injection aids are dispersants such as naphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulphonate or sodium polymethacrylate.
I suspensjonene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan åpenbart krystallene fra det meget findelte bindemiddels hydratfaser bre seg fritt ut i rommet og utvikle en form for rammeverksanordning sammen med det meget findelte fyllstoffs korn, i hvilken utvikling polysakkaridene har en hjelpefunksjon. Denne virkning kan ikke bevirkes uten tilsetting av sakkarider og i det vesentlige trege, meget findelte fyllstoffer. Ved kjente sement-blandinger, henholdsvis finsement/natriumbentonittblandmger, skjer en ansamling av faststoffmaterialet på sandens korn-overflater eller på overflatene av fjellsprekkene. Derved blir en betydelig del av rommet mellom sandkornene, henholdsvis i sprekkene, åpent for inntrenging av vann. Ved å benytte injeksjonsmidlet ifølge oppfinnelsen, blir dette rom ikke ut-fylt av tregt materiale, ettersom det ikke foreligger tilstrekkelig mengde tregt materiale til dette formål, men det fremstilles derimot en matriksstruktur som oppviser et svært finporet matriksmateriale i hulrommene. Denne virkning av komponentene var ikke forutsigbar. I det foreliggende injeksjonsmiddel benyttes et meget findelt bindemiddel, henholdsvis en meget findelt sement, til å bygge opp en rammeverk-struktur som avtetter nevnte rom, henholdsvis porerom. Ramme-strukturen består i det vesentlige av kalsiumsilikathydrat-krystaller og fyllstoffkorn. In the suspensions according to the invention, the crystals from the hydrate phases of the very finely divided binder can obviously spread out freely in space and develop a form of framework arrangement together with the grains of the very finely divided filler, in which development the polysaccharides have an auxiliary function. This effect cannot be achieved without the addition of saccharides and essentially slow, very finely divided fillers. In the case of known cement mixtures, respectively fine cement/sodium bentonite mixtures, an accumulation of the solid material occurs on the grain surfaces of the sand or on the surfaces of the rock cracks. Thereby, a significant part of the space between the grains of sand, respectively in the cracks, is open to the ingress of water. By using the injection agent according to the invention, this space is not filled with inert material, as there is not a sufficient amount of inert material for this purpose, but instead a matrix structure is produced which exhibits a very finely pored matrix material in the cavities. This effect of the components was not predictable. In the present injection agent, a very finely divided binder, respectively a very finely divided cement, is used to build up a framework structure which seals said spaces, respectively pore spaces. The frame structure essentially consists of calcium silicate hydrate crystals and filler grains.
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FR3063289B1 (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2021-08-06 | Chryso | HYDRAULIC COMPOSITION FOR JAM MORTAR |
CN109601272B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2022-03-18 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | Revegetation method for slope with slag and gravel texture |
CN113294008B (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2022-07-29 | 重庆海发工程项目管理咨询有限公司 | Building crack repairing method |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2655004A (en) * | 1946-02-25 | 1953-10-13 | Louis S Wertz | Composition for and method of solidifying porous masses and structures |
CH360662A (en) * | 1956-12-05 | 1962-02-28 | Meynadier & Cie Ag | Process for filling, solidifying or sealing void-containing rock materials or components exposed to a water flow |
FR1297183A (en) * | 1961-05-15 | 1962-06-29 | Carbonisation Charbons Actifs | Waterproofing product for sealing permeable environments in contact with water of varying salinity up to saturation |
GB1105623A (en) * | 1965-03-19 | 1968-03-06 | Lime Sand Mortar Ltd | Improvements in or relating to light-weight plasters or cement mortar compositions |
US4464200A (en) * | 1980-10-30 | 1984-08-07 | William B. Ellis | Plastic soil stabilizer composition and method of use |
JPS5962688A (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1984-04-10 | Japan Exlan Co Ltd | Soil conditioner and its preparation |
FR2707082B1 (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1995-09-08 | Sif | Injectable cement grout with improved properties. |
-
1996
- 1996-06-13 ES ES96109540T patent/ES2100829T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-13 DK DK96109540T patent/DK0755992T3/en active
- 1996-06-13 EP EP19960109540 patent/EP0755992B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-13 AT AT96109540T patent/ATE188725T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-13 PT PT96109540T patent/PT755992E/en unknown
- 1996-07-09 PL PL96315165A patent/PL182728B1/en unknown
- 1996-07-10 HU HU9601885A patent/HU222675B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-10 NO NO19962891A patent/NO316067B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-10 CZ CZ19962046A patent/CZ290113B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-11 SK SK907-96A patent/SK281711B6/en unknown
- 1996-07-17 SI SI9600227A patent/SI9600227B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0755992B1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
NO962891D0 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
EP0755992A1 (en) | 1997-01-29 |
SI9600227B (en) | 2002-02-28 |
PL315165A1 (en) | 1997-02-03 |
CZ290113B6 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
PT755992E (en) | 2000-04-28 |
SK90796A3 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
ATE188725T1 (en) | 2000-01-15 |
NO962891L (en) | 1997-01-27 |
HU222675B1 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
SK281711B6 (en) | 2001-07-10 |
HUP9601885A2 (en) | 1997-11-28 |
PL182728B1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
ES2100829T1 (en) | 1997-07-01 |
ES2100829T3 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
HUP9601885A3 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
SI9600227A (en) | 1997-02-28 |
DK0755992T3 (en) | 2000-05-01 |
HU9601885D0 (en) | 1996-09-30 |
CZ204696A3 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
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