NO309962B1 - Use of expanded starch for fish feed - Google Patents
Use of expanded starch for fish feed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO309962B1 NO309962B1 NO20010472A NO20010472A NO309962B1 NO 309962 B1 NO309962 B1 NO 309962B1 NO 20010472 A NO20010472 A NO 20010472A NO 20010472 A NO20010472 A NO 20010472A NO 309962 B1 NO309962 B1 NO 309962B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- fish
- added
- fish feed
- expanded
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims description 38
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 title claims description 31
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002816 gill Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører anvendelse av stivelse til fiskefor, ved at stivelsen ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse er ekspandert og er tilsatt lukt- og/eller smakstilsetning som tiltrekker fisk. Ekspansjonen av stivelsen finner sted ved anvendelse av en dertil egnet anordning, før stivelsen skal benyttes som fiskefor. The present invention relates to the use of starch for fish feed, in that the starch according to the present invention is expanded and has an added smell and/or taste that attracts fish. The expansion of the starch takes place by using a suitable device, before the starch is used as fish feed.
Fisk og fiskeavfall, anvendes som fiskefor ved oppdrettsanlegg for fisk, alternativt benyttes andre substanser som tiltrekker seg fisken ved lukt og smak. I tillegg til at dette er en svært kostbar form for fiskefor er det vedheftet en rekke ulemper ved praktisk bruk og i forhold til naturen og miljøet. Fish and fish waste are used as fish feed at fish farms, alternatively other substances are used that attract the fish by smell and taste. In addition to the fact that this is a very expensive form of fish feed, there are a number of disadvantages attached to practical use and in relation to nature and the environment.
En utpreget ulempe ved anvendelse av fisk og fiskeavfall som fiskefor henger sammen med at disse substanser synker forholdsvis raskt og deretter blir liggende på bunnen i fiskemærer og råtner. Dette skaper svært ugunstige forhold i oppdrettsanlegg og er klart uønsket. A distinct disadvantage of using fish and fish waste as fishing bait is connected with the fact that these substances sink relatively quickly and then remain on the bottom in fish gills and rot. This creates very unfavorable conditions in breeding facilities and is clearly undesirable.
Det er derfor en hensikt ved foreliggende oppfinnelse å frembringe et fiskefor som overkommer de ovenfor nevnte ulemper. Denne hensikt oppnås ved å anvende et naturlig forekommende polymer som stivelse i ekspandert tilstand, tilsatt lukt-og/eller smaksstoff som tiltrekker seg fisk. Stivelsen som benyttes er et naturlig forekommende polymer eller også et biopolymer. Dette er stoffer som proteiner og polysakkarider som cellulose, stivelse og glykogen, nukleinsyrer og mange derivater av disse. It is therefore an aim of the present invention to produce a fish feed which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages. This purpose is achieved by using a naturally occurring polymer such as starch in an expanded state, with added odor and/or flavoring that attracts fish. The starch used is a naturally occurring polymer or also a biopolymer. These are substances such as proteins and polysaccharides such as cellulose, starch and glycogen, nucleic acids and many derivatives thereof.
I den foretrukne utførelsesform anvendes stivelse, som mais- eller risstivelse, som i overensstemmelse med foreliggende oppfinnelse ekspanderes før bruk og som enten er tilsatt lukt- og/eller smaksstoff før, under eller etter ekspansjon. Stivelsen ekspanderes fortrinnsvis i forbindelse med at den skal benyttes som fiskefor. Dersom den ikke ekspanderte stivelsen ikke er tilsatt lukt eller smak, så kan dette tilsettes under eller etter ekspansjonsprosessen. Det ekspanderte materialet har gjerne svampaktig konsistens og vil kunne trekke til seg og holde på en moderat mengde smaks- eller luktstoff tilsatt det ekspanderte materialet. Av aktuelle lukt- og smakstilsetninger kan det nevnes at et flertall slike er tilgjengelig fra f.eks. firmaet Novamont S.P.A. i Italia. In the preferred embodiment, starch is used, such as corn or rice starch, which, in accordance with the present invention, is expanded before use and which has either added odor and/or flavoring before, during or after expansion. The starch is preferably expanded in connection with the fact that it is to be used as fish feed. If the unexpanded starch has no added smell or taste, this can be added during or after the expansion process. The expanded material often has a spongy consistency and will be able to attract and retain a moderate amount of flavoring or odorant added to the expanded material. Of relevant odor and flavor additives, it can be mentioned that a majority of these are available from e.g. the company Novamont S.P.A. in Italy.
Det er i norsk utlegningsskrift NO 161533 beskrevet et kunstig agn som langsomt frigjør et fiskelokkemiddel til agnet ved bruk. Det kunstige agnet omfatter en vannløselig celluloseeter, en mykner for denne og et lokkemiddel for fisk eller andre vanndyr. Det kunstige agnet kan anvendes i en rekke former som er egnet for sportsfiske, kommersielt fiske, hummerfangst og liknende. I fremstillingen av det kunstige agnet ifølge oppfinnelsen dannes en blanding eller løsning av et polymert materiale og lokkemiddel. An artificial bait that slowly releases a fish attractant to the bait when used is described in Norwegian publication NO 161533. The artificial bait comprises a water-soluble cellulose ether, a softener for this and an attractant for fish or other aquatic animals. The artificial bait can be used in a number of forms that are suitable for sport fishing, commercial fishing, lobster fishing and the like. In the production of the artificial bait according to the invention, a mixture or solution of a polymeric material and bait is formed.
Videre er det i japansk publikasjon JP 57-198053-A beskrevet kunstig agn fremstilt av dyreproteiner, fett, høypolymere karbohydrater, fluoriserende substanser i fisk og ulike typer av fargestoff. Blandingen ekstruderes i en gitt diameter og formes etter ønske. Furthermore, Japanese publication JP 57-198053-A describes artificial bait made from animal proteins, fat, high-polymer carbohydrates, fluorescent substances in fish and various types of dye. The mixture is extruded in a given diameter and shaped as desired.
Dersom fisken i tillegg spiser foret er det ufarlig for fisk å spise naturlige polymerer som stivelse og såfremt lukt- og smakstilsetning samt ev. fyllstoff også er naturlig og ufarlig så er det ufarlig for mennesker å senere spise fisk som har spist for ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse. If the fish also eats the feed, it is harmless for fish to eat natural polymers such as starch and provided that there is an added smell and taste as well as any filler is also natural and harmless, then it is harmless for people to later eat fish that have eaten according to the present invention.
Anvendelse av stivelse ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse som fiskefor i mærer ved oppdrett av fisk er fordelaktig ved at fiskeforet holder seg høyt oppe i mæren og synker gradvis og sakte slik at fisken får tid til å spise foret før det synker til bunnen. Anvendelse av ekspandert stivelse tilsatt smak og eller lukt som tiltrekker fisken kan igjen også ha fordeler ved at det kan anvendes som bærer for ytterligere tilsetninger som fisken skal spise, som vitaminer, mineraler og medikamenter som antibiotika etc. Det vil således være enklere å administrere slike tilsetninger til fisk i oppdrett uten at dette synker raskt til bunnen. Det er derved større mulighet for at den totale mengden tilsetning konsumeres uten å bli liggende i bunnen av mæren. The use of starch according to the present invention as fish feed in mares when breeding fish is advantageous in that the fish feed stays high up in the mare and sinks gradually and slowly so that the fish have time to eat the feed before it sinks to the bottom. The use of expanded starch with added flavor and or smell that attracts the fish can again also have advantages in that it can be used as a carrier for additional additives that the fish will eat, such as vitamins, minerals and drugs such as antibiotics etc. It will thus be easier to administer such additions to fish in farming without this sinking quickly to the bottom. There is thus a greater possibility that the total amount of additive is consumed without remaining at the bottom of the mare.
Ytterligere fordeler er knyttet til at det velges stivelse som brytes ned etter en forholdsvis kort tid i vann, f.eks. 24-48 timer. Dette medfører at ekspandert stivelse anvendt som fiskefor ikke medfører at forsubstanser blir liggende på bunnen av mæren under forråtnelsesprosess. Further advantages are linked to choosing starch that breaks down after a relatively short time in water, e.g. 24-48 hours. This means that expanded starch used as fish feed does not result in pre-substances being left at the bottom of the mare during the putrefaction process.
Igjen er det også fordeler knyttet til logistikken ved anvendelse av ekspandert naturlig polymer som stivelse med smaks- og/eller lukttilsetning som fiskefor med ytterligere tilsetningsstoffer. Produktet kan i beskjedent volum fraktes til et egnet sted ved oppdrettsanlegget og kan der ekspanderes og eventuelt tilsettes mineraler, vitaminer, medikamenter e.l. før det anvendes som fiskefor, dersom dette ikke allerede er tilsatt. Ekspansjonsgraden kan variere, men vil i hovedsak være over 50% i forhold til utgangspunktet. Again, there are also advantages linked to the logistics of using expanded natural polymer as starch with added flavor and/or smell as fish feed with further additives. The product can be transported in a modest volume to a suitable place at the breeding facility and can be expanded there and minerals, vitamins, drugs etc. may be added. before it is used as fish feed, if this has not already been added. The degree of expansion can vary, but will mainly be over 50% compared to the starting point.
Den stivelse som anvendes ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse er i en foretrukket utførelsesform ris- eller maisstivelse. Dette kan eventuelt blandes med ytterligere fyllstoff og produseres som små stykker eller pellets som senere ekspanderes. Stykkene eller pelletsene kan være tilsatt lukt- og/eller smakstilsetninger før ekspansjon, eller dette kan tilsettes under eller etter ekspansjonsprosessen. Ekspansjonen foregår ved oppvarming og eventuelt tilførsel av trykkluft. Et egnet ekspansjonskammer kan frembringes og ekspansjonsprosessen vil være individuell etter hvilken stivelse som anvendes. Oppvarming til mellom 30°C og 90°C under eventuell tilsetning av trykkluft vil kunne ekspandere de fleste aktuelle stivelser på forholdsvis kort tid. Det ekspanderte stoff kan deretter deles opp i stykker etter ønske og behov. The starch used according to the present invention is in a preferred embodiment rice or corn starch. This can optionally be mixed with additional filler and produced as small pieces or pellets which are later expanded. The pieces or pellets may have odor and/or flavor additives added before expansion, or this may be added during or after the expansion process. The expansion takes place by heating and possibly supplying compressed air. A suitable expansion chamber can be produced and the expansion process will be individual depending on which starch is used. Heating to between 30°C and 90°C with the possible addition of compressed air will be able to expand most relevant starches in a relatively short time. The expanded fabric can then be divided into pieces as desired and needed.
Stivelsen kan videre være tilsatt ytterligere substans for å tilpasse dette til anvendelse som fiskefor. Slike substanser kan f.eks. være stabiliserende midler for at ikke lukt-eller smakstilsetning skal reagere uheldig med det naturlige polymer eller fyllstoff i produktet, hvilket kan bryte ned fiskeforet for tidlig eller for sent, eller at smak/lukt eller utseende endres i uheldig retning. The starch can also have additional substances added to adapt it to use as fish feed. Such substances can e.g. be stabilizing agents so that the addition of odor or flavor does not react adversely with the natural polymer or filler in the product, which can break down the fish feed too early or too late, or that the taste/smell or appearance changes in an unfavorable direction.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20010472A NO309962B1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-01-26 | Use of expanded starch for fish feed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20010472A NO309962B1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-01-26 | Use of expanded starch for fish feed |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO20010472D0 NO20010472D0 (en) | 2001-01-26 |
| NO20010472L NO20010472L (en) | 2001-02-26 |
| NO309962B1 true NO309962B1 (en) | 2001-04-30 |
Family
ID=19912065
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20010472A NO309962B1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-01-26 | Use of expanded starch for fish feed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NO (1) | NO309962B1 (en) |
-
2001
- 2001-01-26 NO NO20010472A patent/NO309962B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20010472L (en) | 2001-02-26 |
| NO20010472D0 (en) | 2001-01-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM1K | Lapsed by not paying the annual fees |