NO20200648A1

NO20200648A1 - Torsion protection transition

Info

Publication number: NO20200648A1
Application number: NO20200648A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Karluf Hagen
Original assignee: Karluf Hagen
Priority date: 2020-06-02
Filing date: 2020-06-02
Publication date: 2021-12-03

Description

Torsjonssikring overgang Torsion protection transition

SAMMENDRAG SUMMARY

Torsjonssikring overgang for rør som utsettes for varierende torsjonskraft. Torsion protection transition for pipes that are exposed to varying torsional forces.

Hvor utstyret kan monteres med en justerbar bruddkraft som ved aktivering tillater at den ene seksjonen av røret kan rotere mens den andre seksjonen ikke roterer. Where the equipment can be fitted with an adjustable breaking force which, when activated, allows one section of the tube to rotate while the other section does not rotate.

Ved arbeid i olje og gass brønner benyttes en borestreng tilpasset den innvendige diameteren i brønnen. Borestrengen er normalt satt sammen av enkelt rør med gjengeforbindelse. When working in oil and gas wells, a drill string adapted to the internal diameter of the well is used. The drill string is normally composed of single pipe with a threaded connection.

For å redusere kostnader og vekt i borestrengen er det ønskelig å optimalisere utformingen av strengen. In order to reduce costs and weight in the drill string, it is desirable to optimize the design of the string.

Dette kan innebære at man beregner hvilke krefter som påvirket borestrengen når den henger ned i brønnen. Normalt vil da den øvre del måtte oppta mer krefter enn den nedre del. This may involve calculating which forces affected the drill string when it hangs down in the well. Normally, the upper part will have to absorb more force than the lower part.

På grunn av friksjonen mot brønnveggen vil rotasjon av borestrengen utsette den øvre del av strengen også for et høyere vrimoment enn tilfellet er i nedre del av strengen. Due to the friction against the well wall, rotation of the drill string will subject the upper part of the string to a higher torque than is the case in the lower part of the string.

Det er av denne grunn ønskelig å ha borerør med høy strekk styrke og vri kapasitet øverst i brønnen. For this reason, it is desirable to have drill pipe with high tensile strength and twist capacity at the top of the well.

Lenger ned i brønnen kan man ofte akseptere lavere styrke. Further down the well, you can often accept a lower strength.

Dette innebærer at man benytter en gradvis reduksjon i størrelse/styrke på borestrengen, ofte referert til som «tapered string» i bransjen. This means that a gradual reduction in the size/strength of the drill string is used, often referred to as "tapered string" in the industry.

Da borerør i stor grad kommer i standardiserte utgaver vil det være vanlig at den øvre seksjonen har vesentlig større styrke enn den mindre som er skrudd på i enden. As drill pipes largely come in standardized versions, it will be common for the upper section to have significantly greater strength than the smaller one that is screwed on at the end.

Dette innebærer at man kan påføre den nedre seksjonen en destruktiv kraft dersom vrimomentet trekkes opp mot grensen for den øvre seksjonen. This means that a destructive force can be applied to the lower section if the torque is pulled up towards the limit of the upper section.

For i sikre at dette ikke skjer er det utviklet sikringssystemer som kutter vrimomentet dersom det når opp mot grensen for nedre seksjon av strengen. To ensure that this does not happen, security systems have been developed that cut the torque if it reaches the limit for the lower section of the string.

Det er et kjent fenomen at borestrengen «staller ut» ved at nedre seksjon biter seg fast og stopper opp, dersom man da roterer med 100-200 RPM er det kritisk at rotasjonssystemet stopper rotasjonen når dette skjer, for å unngå at den svakere seksjonen vris av og mistes i brønnen. It is a known phenomenon that the drill string "stalls out" when the lower section gets stuck and stops, if you rotate at 100-200 RPM, it is critical that the rotation system stops the rotation when this happens, to prevent the weaker section from twisting off and lost in the well.

Det er i denne forbindelse fordelaktig å ha en mekanisk sikring montert i selve borestrengen som kan aktiveres dersom det automatiske bore systemet ikke stopper rotasjonen hurtig nok. Det finnes beskrevet teknologi hvor den øver seksjonen kan rotere uten at den nedre følger med (GB 2501461, US 10 , 036 , 211 B2, US10 036 211 B2) som kan begrense risikoen for å ødelegge borestrengen, men dette begrenser muligheten hvor det er ønskelig å rotere hele strengen. In this connection, it is advantageous to have a mechanical safety device mounted in the drill string itself which can be activated if the automatic drilling system does not stop the rotation quickly enough. There is technology described where the upper section can rotate without the lower section following along (GB 2501461, US 10 , 036 , 211 B2, US10 036 211 B2) which can limit the risk of damaging the drill string, but this limits the possibility where it is desirable to rotate the entire string.

Det finnes også teknologi hvor man kan koble fra den nedre del dersom den utsettes for et uønsket høyt vrimoment (US 10036 211 B2), men dette viser seg å være laget for komplisert og derved for kostbart til at operatørene finner det hensiktsmessig å benytte dette. There is also technology where the lower part can be disconnected if it is subjected to an unwanted high torque (US 10036 211 B2), but this turns out to be made too complicated and therefore too expensive for the operators to find it appropriate to use this.

Bransjen har behov for et enkelt verktøy som fungerer som en del av borestrengen under normal operasjon og løser nede seksjon fri i tilfeller hvor en seksjon med høy vri kapasitet påfører en seksjon med lavere vri kapasitet krefter utenfor spesifikasjonen. The industry needs a simple tool that functions as part of the drill string during normal operation and loosens the bottom section free in cases where a section with a high twist capacity applies forces outside the specification to a section with a lower twist capacity.

OPPFINNELSEN THE INVENTION

Oppfinnelsen søker å minimalisere kostnadene ved at «clutch» mekanismen inkluderes i en overgangsenhet (cross over sub) som det uansett vil være behov for som overgang mellom de to ulike borerørene. The invention seeks to minimize the costs by including the "clutch" mechanism in a transition unit (cross over sub) which will in any case be needed as a transition between the two different drill pipes.

Den er videre konstruert for kun å aktiveres i et nøds tilfelle for å forhindre at et destruktivt vrimoment påføres nedre seksjon av borestrengen. It is further designed to be activated only in an emergency to prevent a destructive torque from being applied to the lower section of the drill string.

Av sikkerhets årsaker vil det alltid være ønskelig å kunne rotere en del av borestrengen dersom en uønsket situasjon oppstår. Som beskrevet i oppfinnelsen kan rotasjon av øvre seksjon fortsette uavhengig av at nedre seksjon stoppes. For safety reasons, it will always be desirable to be able to rotate part of the drill string if an undesirable situation arises. As described in the invention, rotation of the upper section can continue regardless of the lower section being stopped.

Avhengig av posisjon i brønnen og pumpetrykk vil nedre seksjon være i strekk eller kompresjon. Som beskrevet i oppfinnelsen vil slik krefter opptas i dertil egnede lager. Depending on position in the well and pump pressure, the lower section will be in tension or compression. As described in the invention, such forces will be recorded in suitable bearings.

BESKRIVELSE DESCRIPTION

Torsjonssikring overgang består av en øvre del, Top Sub (1), som har feste forbindelse som er tilpasset øvre seksjon av borestrengen (2) og en nedre del Bottom Sub (3) som er tilpasset koblingen brukt i nedre seksjon (4). Sammensatt fungere disse delene som en overgang. Torsion protection transition consists of an upper part, Top Sub (1), which has a fixed connection which is adapted to the upper section of the drill string (2) and a lower part Bottom Sub (3) which is adapted to the connection used in the lower section (4). Put together, these parts act as a transition.

Som beskrevet i oppfinnelsen kan disse to delene rotere uavhengig av hverandre rundt samme akse. Denne funksjonen låses ved å sette inn et ønsket antall brudd pinner (5) som derved brytes når et uønsket høyt vrimoment oppstår. As described in the invention, these two parts can rotate independently of each other around the same axis. This function is locked by inserting a desired number of breaking pins (5) which thereby break when an unwanted high torque occurs.

Kulelager for å oppta radielle (6) og vertikale krefter (7) er underordnet for den primære funksjonen for oppfinnelsen, men er inntatt for å øke levetiden for utstyret når dette aktiveres og øvre og nedre del roterer i forhold til hverandre undre påvirkning av radielle og/eller vertikale krefter. Det skal nevnes at lagrene (6 og 7) er utstyrt med en avstandsring (12) som tillater det radielle lagret (6) å rotere i vertikal kompresjon. Ball bearings to absorb radial (6) and vertical forces (7) are secondary to the primary function of the invention, but are included to increase the life of the equipment when it is activated and the upper and lower parts rotate relative to each other under the influence of radial and /or vertical forces. It should be mentioned that the bearings (6 and 7) are equipped with a spacer ring (12) which allows the radial bearing (6) to rotate in vertical compression.

For ytterligere å øke slitasje motstand er det mulig å fylle det lukkede kammeret som inneholder lager funksjonen med et egnet smøremiddel for deretter å forsegle kammeret fra den omkringliggende væsken. To further increase wear resistance, it is possible to fill the closed chamber that contains the bearing function with a suitable lubricant to then seal the chamber from the surrounding liquid.

Vertikale krefter opptas ved at en kjerne, Mandrel (8) skrues inn i Top Sub (1). Mandrel’en (8) er utstyrt med en skulder (9) samtidig som dette monteres inne i en midtre del, Middle Sub (10) som er utstyrt med en tilsvarende skulder motsatt retning (11). Sammensatt og utstyrt Vertical forces are taken up by screwing a core, Mandrel (8) into the Top Sub (1). The mandrel (8) is equipped with a shoulder (9) at the same time as this is mounted inside a middle part, Middle Sub (10), which is equipped with a corresponding shoulder in the opposite direction (11). Assembled and equipped

Claims

with a set of the above mentioned vertical and radial bearings (6, 7 and 12) this locks movement in the Middle Sub (10) from moving in a vertical direction relative to the Top Sub (1). A lower part, Bottom Sub (3) is attached to Middle Sub (10). Bottom sub (3) has a corresponding shoulder (13) to support a set of bearings (7,8 and 12) which absorb vertical compression.

The composition is thus suitable to be used as a rotary joint between the upper and lower threaded connection in the drill string, regardless of vertical and radial influence.

In order to operate as a fixed connection transition with a predetermined activation moment where the weakest part of the drill string is shielded from being exposed to unwanted high torsional loads, the Top Sub (1) and Middle Sub (10) are equipped with a series of parallel positioned pockets (14 ) adapted to fracture pins (5). The broken pins (5) thereby lock proportional radial movement between the upper and lower parts of the equipment.

The broken pins (5) are secured in the pockets (14) by placing a sleeve (16) over the broken pins (15) and locking them in place in the pockets (14). If the equipment is subjected to predetermined torsional forces, the pins (5) break.

Sealing rings (17) are installed in order to be able to use the equipment as part of drill strings and thereby also be able to pressurize this internally. Wear seals (18) are also fitted to protect the bearings (6 and 7) from impure liquid after activation, during rotation.

PATENT CLAIMS

1- Torsion protection transition for joining a pipe with two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where the joints can be activated in a way where the upper and lower part can rotate independently of each other, characterized by the fact that the activation force, is based on torsional forces applied through the composition, can be adjusted by changing the number parallel mounted fracture elements.

2 - Torsion protection transition for splicing a pipe with two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where according to claim 1 where the broken elements can be replaced without the equipment having to be dismantled from the pipe string.

3 - Torsion protection transition for joining pipes with two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where according to requirements 1 and 2 where the parts, after activation, can be rotated independently of each other in compression and/or tension.

4 - Pipe dimensional transition for joining pipes of two different dimensions and torsional strengths, which according to any of the preceding requirements can withstand hydraulic pressure from the inside.

5 - Torsion protection transition for joining pipes with two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where according to any of the preceding requirements, the activation force can be adjusted up to such that the transition has the same torque strength as a transition that does not have an activation mechanism built in.

6 - Torsion protection transition for joining pipes of two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where according to any of the preceding requirements, storage can be mounted in a lubricating liquid bath that is sealed from the surrounding environment.

7 - Torsion protection transition for joining pipes with two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where according to any of the preceding requirements, the bearing function is also isolated from the surrounding environment by means of sealing rings with greater wear strength than the hydraulic sealing rings.

8 - Torsion protection transition for joining pipes of two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where according to any of the preceding requirements, the breaking pins (15) are equipped with a machined groove (19) which ensures a clean break by radial movement and allows broken sticks to pass each other during rotation.

9 - Torsion protection transition for joining pipes of two different dimensions and torsional strengths, where according to any of the preceding requirements, an intermediate ring (spacer) (12) is installed equipped with shoulders that allow an axial bearing to rotate under compression.