NO20170650A1 - Mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
NO20170650A1
NO20170650A1 NO20170650A NO20170650A NO20170650A1 NO 20170650 A1 NO20170650 A1 NO 20170650A1 NO 20170650 A NO20170650 A NO 20170650A NO 20170650 A NO20170650 A NO 20170650A NO 20170650 A1 NO20170650 A1 NO 20170650A1
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Norway
Prior art keywords
mixing apparatus
exhaust gas
plate
elements
region
Prior art date
Application number
NO20170650A
Inventor
Andreas Döring
Stefan Djuranec
Martin Faber
Original Assignee
Man Diesel & Turbo Se
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Application filed by Man Diesel & Turbo Se filed Critical Man Diesel & Turbo Se
Publication of NO20170650A1 publication Critical patent/NO20170650A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
    • B01F25/43161—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod composed of consecutive sections of flat pieces of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3131—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3132—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit by using two or more injector devices
    • B01F25/31323—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit by using two or more injector devices used successively
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431973—Mounted on a support member extending transversally through the mixing tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • F01N3/0293—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust injecting substances in exhaust stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F01N3/2821—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates the support being provided with means to enhance the mixing process inside the converter, e.g. sheets, plates or foils with protrusions or projections to create turbulence
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0422—Numerical values of angles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Description

MAN Diesel & Turbo SE
Mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine
The invention relates to a mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine.
In combustion processes in stationary internal combustion engines, which are employed for example in power plants, and in combustion processes in non-stationary internal combustion engines, which are employed for example on ships, nitrogen oxides are created, wherein these nitrogen oxides are typically created during the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, pit coal, brown coal, mineral oil or heavy fuel oil. For this reason, exhaust gas aftertreatment systems are assigned to such internal combustion engines, which serve in particular for the denitrification of the exhaust gas leaving the internal combustion engine. For reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, primarily so-called SCR catalytic converters are employed in exhaust gas aftertreatment systems known from practice. In an SCR catalytic converter, a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides takes place, wherein for the reduction of the nitrogen oxides ammonia (NH3) as reduction agent is needed. The ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance such as for example urea is introduced in liquid form into the exhaust gas for this purpose upstream of the SCR catalytic converter, it being important that the ammonia or the ammonia precursor substance is thoroughly mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalytic converter. To this end, relatively long mixing loops between the introduction of the ammonia or the ammonia precursor substance and the SCR catalytic converter are required according to the practice. There is therefore a need for a mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system with the help of which a liquid can be effectively introduced into an exhaust gas flow and intermixed with the exhaust gas flow, namely even in particular when only a relatively short mixing loop is available.
Starting out from this, the present invention is based on the object of creating a new type of mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine. This object is solved through a mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine according to Claim 1. According to the invention, at least one device is positioned in the pipe which comprises plate-like elements which are set at a defined angle, wherein the exhaust in the region of the or each device initially strikes a connecting region of the plate-like elements and can then be conducted via the plate-like elements which diverge starting out from the connecting region in flow direction of the exhaust gas. The invention makes possible a particularly effective intermixing of a liquid with an exhaust gas flow. The exhaust gas flow strikes the connecting region of the plate-like elements of the respective device, as a result of which a turbulent exhaust gas flow is caused and a liquid jet, which is introduced into the exhaust gas flow, can be effectively intermixed with the exhaust gas.
According to an advantageous further development, the respective plate-like elements in the region of the or each device are fastened in a common support axis or via a common support axis, wherein the respective device is fastened to a wall of the pipe via the respective support axis, wherein the support axis is designed in such a manner that the same serves for conducting the liquid, and wherein the support axis is assigned a metering device, via which downstream of the connecting region of the plate-like elements the liquid can be introduced into the exhaust gas. By way of this, the liquid can be particularly effectively introduced into the exhaust gas flow and intermixed with the same.
According to an advantageous further development, the respective plate-like elements, in the region of the or each device, include an angle between 40° and 160°, preferably between 60° and 120°, most preferably between 70° and 110°. This relative position of the plate-like elements of the respective device allows a particularly advantageous intermixing of the liquid with the exhaust gas flow.
According to a further advantageous further development, the mixing apparatus comprises a plurality of devices which in flow direction of the exhaust gas are positioned one behind the other, which in each case comprise plate-like elements which are set at a defined angle and a support axis, wherein the support axes of devices which are positioned one behind the other do not run parallel with respect to one another and in the projection include in particular an angle between 40° and 150°, preferably between 70° and 120°, most preferably between 80° and 100°. In particular when in the mixing apparatus a plurality of devices comprising the plate-like elements are positioned seen in flow direction one behind the other, the liquid can be particularly advantageously and effectively intermixed with the exhaust gas flow.
According to a further advantageous further development, the mixing apparatus comprises a baffle plate which is positioned upstream of the or each device. In particular when the mixing apparatus comprises the optional baffle plate the intermixing of the exhaust gas flow and of the liquid to be introduced into the exhaust gas flow can be further improved.
Preferentially, in the region of the or each device, the plate-like elements of the same and/or the baffle plate carry a catalytically active coating. This serves for improving the exhaust gas aftertreatment.
Preferred further developments of the invention are obtained from the subclaims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by way of the drawing without being restricted to this. There it shows: Fig. 1: a schematic, perspective view of a mixing apparatus according to the invention for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine.
The present invention relates to a mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, for example for a stationary internal combustion engine in a power plant or for a non-stationary internal combustion engine employed on a ship. In particular, the mixing apparatus is employed on an exhaust gas aftertreatment system on a diesel engine of a ship operated with heavy fuel oil.
The mixing apparatus according to the invention serves for mixing a liquid with an exhaust gas flow, wherein as liquid in particular ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance such as urea is to be intermixed with the exhaust gas flow in order to make possible an effective reduction of nitrogen oxides of the exhaust gas in an SCR catalytic converter of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system located downstream of the mixing apparatus.
A mixing apparatus 1 according to the invention for mixing a liquid with an exhaust gas flow comprises a pipe 2 in which the exhaust gas or the exhaust gas flow is conducted. In the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 1, the exhaust gas pipe 2 has a circular contouring in cross section. The exhaust gas pipe 2, which conducts the exhaust gas flow, can also be contoured differently.
In the pipe 2, which conducts the exhaust gas or the exhaust gas flow, at least one device 3a, 3b is positioned, which comprises plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively which are set at an angle. In the shown exemplary embodiment, two such devices 3a, 3b are positioned, seen in flow direction 6 of the exhaust gas or of the exhaust gas flow, one behind the other in the pipe 2, each of these devices 3a and 3b accordingly comprises the plate-like elements 4a and 5a and 4b and 5b respectively.
Exhaust gas, which flows through the pipe 2 in the flow direction 6, initially strikes a connecting region 7a and 7b respectively of the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively of the respective devices 3a and 3b respectively in the region of the respective device 3a and 3b and is then conducted, starting out from the respective connecting region 7a, 7b, via the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively which diverge in flow direction of the exhaust gas.
In the shown, preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, the respective device 3a, 3b each comprises two plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively, which are contoured in the form of a section of a circle and each have a straight edge 8a, 9a and 8b, 9b respectively and each a circular arc-shaped edge 10a, lia and 10b, 11b respectively. In the region of each of the devices 3a, 3b, the respective plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b are connected to one another in the region of the straight edges 8a, 9a and 8b, 9b subject to forming the respective connecting region 7a, 7b, the exhaust gas flow accordingly initially strikes the interconnected edges 8a, 9a and 8b, 9b respectively of the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively of the respective device 3a, 3b in the region of the respective device 3a, 3b. In the region of the respective device 3a, 3b, the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b can be different in size and/or be contoured differently, and/or have different setting angles relative to a longitudinal axis of the pipe 2. Furthermore, recesses can be introduced into the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b of the respective device 3a, 3b.
As already explained, the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b are connected to one another in the region of each of the devices 3a, 3b subject to forming a connecting section or connecting region 7a, 7b, wherein starting out from this connecting region 7a, 7b the respective plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively diverge seen in flow direction of the pipes 2 namely in such a manner that in the region of the respective device 3a, 3b the respective plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively include an angle between 40° and 60°, preferably between 60° and 120°, most preferably between 70° and 110°.
From Fig. 1 it is evident that in the region of each of the shown devices 3a, 3b the respective plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively are connected on a common support axis 12a, 12b or via a common support axis 12a, 12b or are fastened to the common support axis 12a, 12b, wherein the respective device 3a, 3b is fastened to a wall of the pipe 2 via the respective support axis 12a, 12b. Here, the respective support axis 12a, 12b runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pipe 2, preferentially perpendicularly.
In the region of the respective device 3a, 3b, the edges 8a, 9a and 8b, 9b respectively of the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively, which are connected to one another, do not lie on a longitudinal centre axis of the respective support axis 12a, 12b but the same rather run upstream of the respective longitudinal centre axis parallel to the same.
According to an advantageous further development of the invention it is provided that at least one support axis 12a, 12b of at least one device 3a, 3b shown in Fig. 1 of the mixing apparatus 1 a metering device is assigned. In this case, the respective support axis 12a, 12b is then preferentially embodied as pipe which serves for conducting the liquid to be mixed with the exhaust gas flow, wherein the metering device then continues to be assigned to the respective support axis 12a, 12b, via which the liquid to be intermixed with the exhaust gas flow can be introduced in particular injected into the exhaust gas downstream of the connecting region 7a and 7b respectively of the respective plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively. By way of this, the liquid to be intermixed with the exhaust gas can be particularly advantageously introduced into the exhaust gas and intermixed with the same.
As already explained, two devices 3a, 3b, each of which comprise two plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively are arranged, in the shown exemplary embodiment of Fig. 1, seen in flow direction 6 of the exhaust gas one behind the other in the pipe 2.
It is pointed out that merely one such device or more than two devices can also be arranged in the pipe 2 one behind the other.
In particular when as shown in Fig. 1 a plurality of devices 3a, 3b with the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively are arranged in the pipe 2 seen in flow direction 5 of the exhaust gas one behind the other, the support axes 12a, 12b of the same do no run parallel to one another but the same rather include, seen in projection of the flow direction 6, an angle a between 40° and 60°, preferably between 70° and 120°, most preferably between 80° and 100°.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the two devices 3a, 3b, which seen in flow direction 6 of the exhaust gas are positioned one behind the other in the pipe 2, are offset by 90° relative to one another, the support axes 12a, 12b accordingly include an angle of 90° relative to one another in the projection.
The plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively of the respective device 3a, 3b, which for optimising the flow conduct can be contoured differently and/or be different in size and/or have different setting angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipe 2 and/or can comprise recesses, preferentially carry a catalytically active coating which contains in particular TiC>2.
By way of this, a catalytic reaction of the supplied urea to NH3plus CO2can already be carried out with the exhaust gas already in the region of the respective device 3a, 3b, as a result of which the subsequent exhaust gas aftertreatment in components of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device located downstream of the mixing apparatus 1, in particular in the SCR catalytic converter, can be improved.
When, as shown in Fig. 1, a plurality of devices 3a, 3b are arranged seen in flow direction of the pipe 2, one behind the other in the same, at least one support axis 12a, 12b also serves for conducting the liquid to be introduced into the exhaust gas, wherein at least one of the devices is then assigned a corresponding metering device for introducing or injecting the liquid into the exhaust gas flow.
In the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 1, this can be the case in the region of the device 3a or also in the region of the device 3b, while it is possible, furthermore, to assign both devices 3a and 3b shown in Fig. 1, namely the support axes 12a, 12b of the same, corresponding metering devices, wherein the liquid to be introduced into the exhaust gas is then injected into the exhaust gas flow in the region of both devices 3a, 3b.
Supplying the liquid can also be effected via a separate pipe, wherein the distance of the issue of the liquid from the support axis 12 and/or the connecting region 7a, 7b and/or the arrangement downstream of a baffle plate from the centre point of the baffle plate follows the following formula: 0.1 X cos (a/2) X length of baffle plate is distance ^ 3 X cos (a/2) X length of baffle plate.
The mixing apparatus 1 can optionally comprise a baffle plate which is not shown, which is positioned upstream of the or each device 3a, 3b. The baffle plate can have a setting angle which is between 20° and 60°, preferably between 30° and 55°, preferably between 40° and 50° based on the longitudinal axis of the pipe 2.
The baffle plate can carry a catalytically active coating which preferentially contains Ti02.
The mixing apparatus according to the invention makes possible a particularly advantageous intermixing of a liquid with an exhaust gas flow. The mixing apparatus 1 according to the invention comprises at least one device 3a and 3b respectively positioned in a pipe 2, which comprises plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively which are connected to one another, which seen in lateral view, are positioned V-like relative to one another. The devices 3a, 3b positioned in the exhaust gas pipe 2 can therefore be described also as V-plate mixing devices 3a, 3b.
Each of these devices 3a, 3b preferentially comprises two plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively, which subject to forming a connecting region 7a, 7b are connected to one another, wherein the exhaust gas flow initially strikes this connection region 7a, 7b and starting out from this connecting region 7a, 7b is conducted via the plate-like elements 4a, 5a and 4b, 5b respectively which diverge in flow direction 6 of the exhaust gas. Seen in flow direction of the exhaust gas, the liquid is injected preferentially downstream of the connecting region 7a, 7b of the respective device 3a and 3b respectively into the exhaust gas, preferentially via a metering device, which is assigned to a support axis 12 and 12b respectively of the respective V-plate mixing device 3a, 3b.
The mixing apparatus 1 has a simple construction, wherein the V-plate mixing devices 3a, 3b merely bring about a minor loss of pressure but provide a complex flow field with rapid intermixing of the exhaust gas flow with the liquid.
The or each V-plate mixing device 3a, 3b brings about a macroscopic transport of the liquid introduced into the exhaust gas into the outer edges of the pipe 2 conducting the exhaust gas flow. The or each V-plate mixing device 3a, 3b generates a stable backflow region as a result of which the dwell time of the injected liquid in the mixing loop is prolonged. Altogether, the mixing loop can be embodied relatively short wherein good intermixing of the liquid with the exhaust gas flow can nevertheless be ensured.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Claims (18)

1. A mixing apparatus (1) for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, namely for mixing a liquid, in particular ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance, with exhaust gas, håving a pipe (2), in which the exhaust gas is conducted,characterized in thatin the pipe (2) at least one device (3a; 3b) is positioned, which comprises plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) which are set at a defined angle, wherein the exhaust gas in the region of the or each device (3a; 3b) initially strikes a connecting region (7a; 7b) of the plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) and can then be conducted via the plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) which starting out from the connecting region (7a, 7b) diverge in flow direction of the exhaust gas.
2. The mixing apparatus according to Claim 1,characterized in thatin the region of the or each device (3a; 3b) the respective plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) are fastened to a common support axis (12a; 12b) or via a common support axis (12a; 12b), wherein the respective device (3a; 3b) is fastened to a wall of the pipe (2) via the respective support axis (12a; 12b).
3. The mixing apparatus according to Claim 2,characterized in thatthe support axis (12a; 12b) is designed in such a manner that the same serves for conducting the liquid, and in that the support axis (12a; 12b) is assigned a metering device, via which downstream of the connecting region (7a; 7b) of the plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) the liquid can be introduced into the exhaust gas.
4. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 3,characterized in thatin the region of the or each device (3a; 3b) the respective plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) include an angle (a) between 40° and 160°, preferably between 60° and 120°, most preferably between 70° and 110°.
5. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 4,characterized in thatin the region of the or each device (3a; 3b) the plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) are formed in the form of a section of a circle with a straight edge (8a, 9a; 8b, 9b) and a circular arc-shaped edge (10a, lia; 10b, 11b), wherein the respective plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) are connected to one another in the region of their straight edges (8a, 9a; 8b, 9b).
6. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 5,characterized in thatin the region of the or each device (3a; 3b) the respective plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) are different in size.
7. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 6,characterized in thatin the region of the or each device (3a; 3b) the respective plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) have a different setting angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the pipe (2).
8. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 7,characterized bya plurality of devices (3a, 3b) which seen in flow direction of the exhaust gas are positioned one behind the other, which in each case comprise plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) set at a defined angle and a support axis (12a, 12b).
9. The mixing apparatus according to Claim 8,characterized in thatthe support axes (12a; 12b) of devices (3a; 3b) which are positioned one behind the other do not run parallel to one another and in the projection include in particular an angle between 40° and 150°, preferably between 70° and 120°, most preferably between 80° and 100°.
10. The mixing apparatus according to Claim 8 or 9,characterized in thatthe support axis (12a, 12b) of at least one of the devices (3a; 3b) is assigned a metering device.
11. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 10,characterized in thatin the region of the or each device (3a; 3b) the plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) carry a catalytically active coating which pref erentially contains TiC>2.
12. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 11,characterized bya baffle plate positioned upstream of the or each device (3a; 3b).
13. The mixing apparatus according to Claim 12,characterized in thata setting angle of the baffle plate is between 20° and 60°, preferably between 30° and 55°, most preferably between 40° and 50°.
14. The mixing apparatus according to Claim 12 to 13,characterized in thatthe baffle plate carries a catalytically active coating which preferentially contains Ti02.
15. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 14,characterized in thatthe pipe (2), in which the exhaust gas is conducted, is designed round in cross section.
16. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 1 to 14,characterized in thatin the plate-like elements (4a, 5a; 4b, 5b) recesses are present.
17. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the Claims 2 to 10,characterized in thatthe support axes (12a, 12b) intersect the pipe axis.
18. The mixing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,characterized in thaton supplying the liquid into the exhaust pipe the distance of the issue of the liquid from the support axis (12) or the connecting region (7a, 7b) and/or the arrangement downstream of a baffle plate from the centre point of the baffle plate follows the following formula: 0.1 X cos (a/2) X length baffle plate ^ distance ^ 3 X cos (a/2) X length baffle plate.
NO20170650A 2016-04-21 2017-04-19 Mixing apparatus for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine NO20170650A1 (en)

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