NO20150289A1 - Circuit for supply of short-circuit current - Google Patents
Circuit for supply of short-circuit current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO20150289A1 NO20150289A1 NO20150289A NO20150289A NO20150289A1 NO 20150289 A1 NO20150289 A1 NO 20150289A1 NO 20150289 A NO20150289 A NO 20150289A NO 20150289 A NO20150289 A NO 20150289A NO 20150289 A1 NO20150289 A1 NO 20150289A1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- short
- capacitor
- current
- circuit current
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/12—Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched current
Landscapes
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
- Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
Oppfinninga angår ein krets som kan levera kortslutningsstraum til ein elektrisk installasjon der det elektriske anlegget sjølv ikkje har kapasitet til å levera denne kortslutningsstraumen. Det kan væra i eit svakt elektrisk kraftnett, eller ein isolert installasjon med eigen distribuert generering av elektrisitet, som mikronett i øydrift. Kretsen består av eit energilager beståande av minst ein kondensator (C) der kretsen blir aktivert av eit signal frå ei kontrolleining (KE). Ved aktivering lukkar halvleiarbrytaren (T) ei forbinding mellom kondensatoren (C) og den elektriske installasjonen (LI, L2/N), der spenninga i kondensatoren driv ein kortslutningsstraum gjennom den elektriske installasjonen. Kondensatoren (C) blir lada opp gjennom dioden (D) der motstand (RI) avgrensar ladestraumen. Ein ekstra motstand (R2) kan nyttast til å avgrensa kortslutningsstraumen for å beskytta kondensatoren (C) mot overstraum.The invention relates to a circuit which can supply short-circuit current to an electrical installation where the electrical system itself does not have the capacity to supply this short-circuit current. It may be in a weak electrical power grid, or an isolated installation with its own distributed generation of electricity, such as a micro grid in eye operation. The circuit consists of an energy store consisting of at least one capacitor (C) where the circuit is activated by a signal from a control unit (KE). Upon activation, the semiconductor switch (T) closes a connection between the capacitor (C) and the electrical installation (LI, L2 / N), where the voltage in the capacitor drives a short-circuit current through the electrical installation. The capacitor (C) is charged through the diode (D) where resistance (RI) defines the charging current. An additional resistor (R2) can be used to define the short-circuit current to protect the capacitor (C) from overcurrent.
Description
BRUKSOMRÅDE AREA OF USE
Oppfinninga angår ein krets som leverar kortslutningsstraum til bruk i svake eller isolerte elektriske anlegg, inkludert mikronett, der nettet sjølv ikkje kan levera tilstrekkelig kortslutningsstraum til å løyse ut installasjonen sine overstrømsvern. Eit aktuelt bruksområde er levering av kortslutningsstraum i kombinasjon med distribuert småskala produksjon av elektrisitet som solcellepanel, vindturbin eller små vasskraftverk. The invention relates to a circuit that supplies short-circuit current for use in weak or isolated electrical installations, including microgrids, where the grid itself cannot supply sufficient short-circuit current to trip the installation's overcurrent protection. A relevant area of application is the supply of short-circuit current in combination with distributed small-scale production of electricity such as solar panels, wind turbines or small hydropower plants.
BAKGRUNN BACKGROUND
For at overstrømsvernet i ein elektrisk installasjon skal løyse ut ved feil som kortslutning, må det elektriske anlegget kunne levera ein tilstrekkelig stor kortslutningsstraum. I svake eller isolerte nett er ikkje alltid tilstrekkelig kortslutningsstraum tilgjengelig. Dette gjeld spesielt i små isolerte nett med lokal energiproduksjon, slik som solcellepanel, mindre vindturbinar eller små vasskraftverk. Tilhøyrande generatorar eller kraftelektroniske omformarar er ikkje nødvendigvis i stand til å sjølv levera tilstrekkelig kortslutningsstraum, enten på grunn av utstyret sin dimensjonerte straum, eller energireservar. Slike isolerte nett inkludera også ulike former for mikronett i øydrift. Mikronett er definert som små elektriske kraftnett som inkludera eigen generering av elektrisitet og energilager som kan driftast saman med det øvrige kraftnettet, eller som eit isolert nett (øydrift). Mikronett kan vera i from av eit avgrensa geografisk område, eller internt i ein bygning. In order for the overcurrent protection in an electrical installation to trip in the event of a fault such as a short circuit, the electrical installation must be able to deliver a sufficiently large short circuit current. In weak or isolated networks, sufficient short-circuit current is not always available. This applies especially in small isolated networks with local energy production, such as solar panels, smaller wind turbines or small hydropower plants. Associated generators or power electronic converters are not necessarily able to supply sufficient short-circuit current themselves, either because of the equipment's rated current or energy reserves. Such isolated grids also include various forms of microgrids in island operation. Microgrids are defined as small electrical power grids that include own generation of electricity and energy storage that can be operated together with the rest of the power grid, or as an isolated grid (island operation). Microgrids can be in the front of a limited geographical area, or internally in a building.
Ei kjent løysing er å overdimensjonere kraftelektroniske omformar kopla til eit energilager, for eksempel batteri, slik at tilstrekkelig kortslutningsstraum kan leverast av denne. Det er også foreslått å bruke avanserte vern, med eller utan digital kommunikasjon, for å detektera og kopla ut feil utan å basera seg på kortslutningsstraum. A known solution is to oversize power electronic converters connected to an energy storage, for example a battery, so that sufficient short-circuit current can be supplied by this. It is also proposed to use advanced protections, with or without digital communication, to detect and disconnect faults without relying on short-circuit current.
Å overdimensjonere av kraftelektroniske omformarar fører derimot til eit dyrare anlegg, utan at denne overkapasiteten kan nyttast i normal drift. On the other hand, oversizing power electronic converters leads to a more expensive system, without this excess capacity being used in normal operation.
Avanserte vern fører til eit dyrare og meir komplisert anlegg, samt ein meir arbeidskrevjande prosjektering og igangkjøring av anlegget. Ved ombygging av eksisterande elektriske anlegg til mikronett, er også ynskjelig å nytta eksisterande vern i installasjonen i størst mulig grad. Advanced protection leads to a more expensive and more complicated plant, as well as more labor-intensive planning and commissioning of the plant. When converting existing electrical installations to microgrids, it is also desirable to use existing protection in the installation to the greatest extent possible.
Ved å bruka kretsen i oppfinninga for å levera kortslutningsstraum, unngår ein ulempene med overdimensjonerte kraftelektroniske omformarar eller avanserte vernløysingar. By using the circuit in the invention to supply short-circuit current, one avoids the disadvantages of oversized power electronic converters or advanced protection solutions.
FIGURAR FIGURES
Figur 1 viser kretsskjema til oppfinninga. Figure 1 shows a circuit diagram of the invention.
Figur 2 viser eksempel på plassering i ein elektrisk installasjon. Figure 2 shows an example of placement in an electrical installation.
Figur 3 viser korleis fleire kretsar for levering av kortslutningsstraum kan brukast i eit trefasa elektrisk anlegg ved hjelp av stjernekopling. Figur 4 viser korleis fleire kretsar for levering av kortslutningsstraum kan brukast i eit trefasa elektrisk anlegg ved hjelp av trekantkopling. Figure 3 shows how several circuits for the supply of short-circuit current can be used in a three-phase electrical installation using a star connection. Figure 4 shows how several circuits for the supply of short-circuit current can be used in a three-phase electrical installation using a delta connection.
DETALJERT BESKRIVELSE DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Krets for å levera kortslutningsstraum til ein elektrisk installasjon erkarakterisert vedat eit energilager i form at ein eller fleire kondensatorar (C) blir lada opp til ei spenning lik nettspenninga sin amplitudeverdi ved hjelp av dioden (D), der motstanden (RI) avgrensar ladestraumen. Når ei kontrolleining (KE) detektera kortslutning i det elektriske anlegget, blir det sendt eit aktiveringssignal halvleiarbrytaren (T), som kan vera ein tyristor eller transistor. Eit slikt aktiveringssignal fører til at halvleiarbrytaren (T) lukkar ein forbindelse mellom kondensatoren (C) og den elektriske installasjonen (LI, L2/N). Spenninga over kondensatoren (C) driv dermed ein kortslutingsstraum i form av ein likestraum ut i det elektriske anlegget, gjennom overstraumsvernet (Fl) og kortslutningspunktet (KS) i den elektriske installasjonen, som vil ha lav impedans. Halvleiarbrytaren (T) blir haldt lukka heilt til likestraumen går til null. Den tilførte kortslutningsstraumen fører til at overstraumsvernet til kursen med feil (Fl) blir aktivert og isolera kursen med feil frå resten av det elektriske anlegget. The circuit for supplying short-circuit current to an electrical installation is characterized by an energy store in the form of one or more capacitors (C) being charged up to a voltage equal to the mains voltage's amplitude value by means of the diode (D), where the resistor (RI) limits the charging current. When a control unit (KE) detects a short circuit in the electrical system, an activation signal is sent to the semiconductor switch (T), which can be a thyristor or transistor. Such an activation signal causes the semiconductor switch (T) to close a connection between the capacitor (C) and the electrical installation (LI, L2/N). The voltage across the capacitor (C) thus drives a short-circuit current in the form of a direct current into the electrical system, through the overcurrent protection (Fl) and the short-circuit point (KS) in the electrical installation, which will have low impedance. The semiconductor switch (T) is kept completely closed until the direct current goes to zero. The supplied short-circuit current causes the overcurrent protection of the circuit with a fault (Fl) to be activated and isolate the circuit with a fault from the rest of the electrical system.
Ved behov, kan kortslutningsstraumen avgrensast med motstanden (R2) for å beskytta kondensatoren (C) mot overstraum. If necessary, the short-circuit current can be limited with the resistor (R2) to protect the capacitor (C) against overcurrent.
Sidan kondensatoren (C) ikkje oppnår større spenning enn amplitudeverdien til nettspenninga ved opplading, kan kretsen ikkje generera skadelig høg spenning i den elektriske installasjonen ved aktivering. Since the capacitor (C) does not achieve a greater voltage than the amplitude value of the mains voltage when charging, the circuit cannot generate harmful high voltage in the electrical installation when activated.
Levering av kortslutningsstraum i trefasa nett kan gjennomførast ved å kopla tre einingar i stjernekopling som vist i Figur 3, eller trekantkopling som vist i Figur 4. Delivery of short-circuit current in a three-phase network can be carried out by connecting three units in star connection as shown in Figure 3, or delta connection as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NO20150289A NO341135B1 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2015-03-03 | Circuit for supply of short-circuit current |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NO20150289A NO341135B1 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2015-03-03 | Circuit for supply of short-circuit current |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NO20150289A1 true NO20150289A1 (en) | 2016-09-05 |
NO341135B1 NO341135B1 (en) | 2017-08-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
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NO20150289A NO341135B1 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2015-03-03 | Circuit for supply of short-circuit current |
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Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3959695A (en) * | 1975-04-29 | 1976-05-25 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Circuit interrupter with ground fault trip control |
US4258403A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-03-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Ground fault circuit interrupter |
US8058700B1 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2011-11-15 | Inpower Llc | Surge overcurrent protection for solid state, smart, highside, high current, power switch |
TW200929773A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | Mobiletron Electronics Co Ltd | Short circuit protection device for alternator |
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2015
- 2015-03-03 NO NO20150289A patent/NO341135B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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