NO179952B - Liquid detergent mixture - Google Patents
Liquid detergent mixture Download PDFInfo
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- NO179952B NO179952B NO921960A NO921960A NO179952B NO 179952 B NO179952 B NO 179952B NO 921960 A NO921960 A NO 921960A NO 921960 A NO921960 A NO 921960A NO 179952 B NO179952 B NO 179952B
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 alkyl ether sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SMVRDGHCVNAOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;1-dodecoxydodecane;sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC SMVRDGHCVNAOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- HKLYDUXIXBVZOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethane-1,1,1-triol Chemical compound NCC(O)(O)O HKLYDUXIXBVZOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTDIEDOANJISNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecoxyethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOS(O)(=O)=O QTDIEDOANJISNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- ZBJVLWIYKOAYQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-2-yl 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 ZBJVLWIYKOAYQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-amino-hydroxylamine Chemical class NON SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0094—High foaming compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/75—Amino oxides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører flytende oppvaskmiddelblandinger, nærmere bestemt slike blandinger som inneholder et anionisk tensid, en blanding av amfotere overflateaktive forbindelser og minst én skumregulerende forbindelse. The present invention relates to liquid dishwashing detergent mixtures, more specifically such mixtures which contain an anionic surfactant, a mixture of amphoteric surface-active compounds and at least one foam-regulating compound.
De vanligste kommersielle flytende oppvaskmiddelblandinger er først og fremst beregnet for oppvask for hånd, og de er vanligvis vandige oppløsninger som inneholder anioniske tensider, såsom alkylsulfonater og alkyletersulfater, som hovedsakelige bestanddeler. Disse oppvaskmidler er helt tilfredsstillende med hensyn til renseeffekt, skumdannings-effekt og skumstabilitet. Imidlertid er oppvaskmiddelblandingene basert på denne type anioniske overflateaktive midler ikke tilfredsstillende fra et miljøvernsynspunkt, heller ikke når det gjelder skånsomhet mot huden, siden de har en viss irriterende og allergiforårsakende virkning. Av miljøvernhensyn har det i de siste år vært ønskelig å redusere den totale mengde av anioniske tensider, såsom feks. parafinsulfonater, som anvendes for forskjellige vaskeformål. ' The most common commercial liquid detergent compositions are intended primarily for hand washing and are usually aqueous solutions containing anionic surfactants, such as alkyl sulfonates and alkyl ether sulfates, as major components. These detergents are completely satisfactory with regard to cleaning effect, foaming effect and foam stability. However, the detergent compositions based on this type of anionic surface-active agents are not satisfactory from an environmental protection point of view, nor in terms of gentleness to the skin, since they have a certain irritating and allergy-causing effect. For reasons of environmental protection, in recent years it has been desirable to reduce the total amount of anionic surfactants, such as e.g. paraffin sulphonates, which are used for various washing purposes. '
I henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse er det blitt funnet at anioniske tensider i oppvaskmiddelblandinger til en viss grad kan erstattes med en blanding av amfotere overflateaktive forbindelser, og minst én skumregulerende forbindelse som er et aminoksyd, et amidobetain eller et amid, for å gi en oppvaskmiddelblanding som er mild og skånsom mot huden, har god skumstabilitet og gir liten biologisk be-lastning, og er mer effektiv enn en oppvaskmiddelblanding som bare er basert på anioniske tensider. According to the present invention, it has been found that anionic surfactants in detergent compositions can be replaced to a certain extent with a mixture of amphoteric surface-active compounds, and at least one suds-regulating compound which is an amine oxide, an amidobetaine or an amide, to give a detergent composition which is mild and gentle on the skin, has good foam stability and produces little biological load, and is more effective than a washing-up detergent mixture that is only based on anionic surfactants.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører således en oppvaskmiddelblanding som ytterligere defineres i de vedlagte krav. Oppvaskmiddelblandingene i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnel se er spesielt egnet for håndoppvask, av glass, porselen, kjøkkenutstyr, etc., takket være sin mildhet. The present invention thus relates to a washing-up liquid mixture which is further defined in the attached claims. The detergent mixtures according to the present invention are particularly suitable for hand washing, of glass, porcelain, kitchen utensils, etc., thanks to their mildness.
De amfotere overflateaktive forbindelser som forekommer i oppvaskmiddelblandingene ifølge oppfinnelsen, kan karakteriseres ved den generelle formel (I) The amphoteric surfactant compounds that occur in the detergent mixtures according to the invention can be characterized by the general formula (I)
hvor R er en hydrokarbongruppe med fra 7-22 karbonatomer, A er gruppen (C(O)), n er 0 eller 1, Rx er hydrogen eller en alkylgruppe med 1-6 karbonatomer, x er 2 eller 3, y er et helt tall fra 0-4, Q er gruppen -R2C00M hvor R2er en alkyl-engruppe med fra 1 til 6 karbonatomer, og M er hydrogen eller et ion fra gruppene alkalimetaller, jordalkalimetal-ler, ammonium eller substituert ammonium, og B er hydrogen eller en gruppe Q som definert. where R is a hydrocarbon group with from 7-22 carbon atoms, A is the group (C(O)), n is 0 or 1, Rx is hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1-6 carbon atoms, x is 2 or 3, y is an integer numbers from 0-4, Q is the group -R2C00M where R2 is an alkylene group with from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and M is hydrogen or an ion from the groups alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium or substituted ammonium, and B is hydrogen or a group Q as defined.
Amfotere forbindelser som innbefattes av ovennevnte formel er i og for seg kjent, og anvendes i vaskeblandinger og sjampoblandinger. De er feks. beskrevet i de europeiske patentsøknader 160.507, 162.600 og 214.868. I henhold til den europeiske patentsøknad 160.507 anvendes en kombinasjon av to forskjellige amfotere forbindelser innebefattet av ovenfor angitte formel i milde sjampoblandinger. Amphoteric compounds included in the above formula are known in and of themselves, and are used in washing mixtures and shampoo mixtures. They are e.g. described in the European patent applications 160,507, 162,600 and 214,868. According to the European patent application 160,507, a combination of two different amphoteric compounds containing the above formula is used in mild shampoo mixtures.
I de amfotere overflateaktive forbindelser med ovenfor angitte formel, som anvendes i de foreliggende oppvaskmiddelblandinger, er R en hydrokarbongruppe som har fra 7 til 22 karbonatomer og med fordel fra 11 til 22 karbonatomer. Hydrokarbongruppen R kan være rett eller forgrenet, mettet eller umettet og inneholder eventuelt substituenter, såsom hydroksylgrupper. Gruppen R kan også inneholde én eller flere, opptil ca. 20, etylenoksydgrupper. Gruppen R kan også være en cykloalkyl-alkylgruppe, en aralkyl- eller aralkenylgruppe hvor alkyl- eller alkenylgruppen inneholder minst 6 karbonatomer. R er fortrinnsvis en alkyl eller alkenylgruppe, og det er spesielt foretrukket at R er en hydrokarbongruppe som skriver seg fra kokos, talgolje eller olje-fettsyre. Rj i den angitte formel er hydrogen eller en lavere alkylgruppe, med fordel med 1 til 6 karbonatomer og er fortrinnsvis hydrogen eller en metylgruppe. x er 2 eller 3, og y er med fordel 2, 3 eller 4, fortrinnsvis 2 eller 3. Gruppen R2er med fordel en metylen- eller en etylengruppe, fortrinnsvis en metylengruppe. M er hydrogen eller et ion fra gruppene alkalimetaller, jordalkaliemetaller, ammonium eller substituert ammonium, såsom feks. mono-, di- eller trihydroksyetylammonium. M er fortrinnsvis et natriumion. In the amphoteric surface-active compounds with the above formula, which are used in the present detergent mixtures, R is a hydrocarbon group having from 7 to 22 carbon atoms and advantageously from 11 to 22 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon group R can be straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated and possibly contain substituents, such as hydroxyl groups. The group R can also contain one or more, up to approx. 20, ethylene oxide groups. The group R can also be a cycloalkyl-alkyl group, an aralkyl or aralkenyl group where the alkyl or alkenyl group contains at least 6 carbon atoms. R is preferably an alkyl or alkenyl group, and it is particularly preferred that R is a hydrocarbon group derived from coconut, tallow oil or oil fatty acid. Rj in the given formula is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, preferably with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is preferably hydrogen or a methyl group. x is 2 or 3, and y is advantageously 2, 3 or 4, preferably 2 or 3. The group R 2 is advantageously a methylene or an ethylene group, preferably a methylene group. M is hydrogen or an ion from the groups alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium or substituted ammonium, such as e.g. mono-, di- or trihydroxyethylammonium. M is preferably a sodium ion.
Foretrukne forbindelser med formel (I) har formelen (II): Preferred compounds of formula (I) have the formula (II):
hvor Q er CH2-COOM eller CH2CH2COOM, y er 1, 2 eller 3 og hvor M, R, x, A, n og B har de ovenfor angitte betydninger. where Q is CH2-COOM or CH2CH2COOM, y is 1, 2 or 3 and where M, R, x, A, n and B have the above meanings.
Blandinger av de amfotere forbindelser med forskjellige verdier for y er spesielt foretrukket. R i disse forbindelser stammer fortrinnsvis fra talg, olein eller kokosfettsyre. Mixtures of the amphoteric compounds with different values of y are particularly preferred. R in these compounds preferably originates from tallow, olein or coconut fatty acid.
Foreliggende oppvaskmiddelblandinger kan inneholde en kombinasjon av to amfotere forbindelser innbe-fattet av formlene (I) og (II) hvorved en forbindelse inne-holder en karbonylgruppe (nedenfor benevnt type 1), og den andre ikke inneholder en slik gruppe (nedenfor benevnt type 2), dvs. en amfoter forbindelse hvor n er 1, og henholdsvis en amfoter forbindelse hvor n er 0. Den amfotere forbindelse av type 1 virker primært som tensid og skumdanner, og den amfotere forbindelse av type 2 virker primært som giftfjernende tensid. Egnede vektforhold mellom forbind- eisene av type 1 og type 2, er innenfor området fra 1:10 til 10:1 og fortrinnsvis innenfor området fra 1:5 til 5:1. For amfotere forbindelser av type 1 er x i ovenfor angitte formler fortrinnsvis 2, og gruppene B er hydrogen eller gruppene Q. For amfotere forbindelser av type 2 er x i ovenfor angitte formler med fordel 3, og alle grupper B er gruppene Q. Present detergent mixtures can contain a combination of two amphoteric compounds comprising the formulas (I) and (II), whereby one compound contains a carbonyl group (below referred to as type 1), and the other does not contain such a group (below referred to as type 2 ), i.e. an amphoteric compound where n is 1, and respectively an amphoteric compound where n is 0. The amphoteric compound of type 1 acts primarily as a surfactant and foam former, and the amphoteric compound of type 2 acts primarily as a detoxifying surfactant. Suitable weight ratios between the binders of type 1 and type 2 are within the range from 1:10 to 10:1 and preferably within the range from 1:5 to 5:1. For amphoteric compounds of type 1, x in the formulas given above is preferably 2, and the groups B are hydrogen or the groups Q. For amphoteric compounds of type 2, x in the formulas given above is preferably 3, and all groups B are the groups Q.
I henhold til en annen utførelsesform av foreliggende oppfinnelse inneholder blandingen amfotere forbindelser en karbonylgruppe med den generelle formel (III) According to another embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of amphoteric compounds contains a carbonyl group of the general formula (III)
hvor R, A, y, Q og B har de samme betydninger som angitt for forbindelsene med formel (I), hvorved imidlertid en gruppe B er gruppen -CH2CHR'0H, hvor R<7>er H eller CH, i kombinasjon med den amfotere forbindelse med formel I eller II hvor n=0. De egnede og foretrukne definisjoner for R og for M i gruppen Q er som angitt for forbind-elsene med formel (I). Mest egnet er forbindelser med formel (III) hvor y er 1, og Q er gruppen -CH2COOM. Som typiske eksempler kan angis forbindelsene med formlene (Illa) og/ eller wherein R, A, y, Q and B have the same meanings as given for the compounds of formula (I), whereby however a group B is the group -CH2CHR'OH, where R<7>is H or CH, in combination with the amphoteric compound of formula I or II where n=0. The suitable and preferred definitions for R and for M in the group Q are as indicated for the compounds of formula (I). Most suitable are compounds of formula (III) where y is 1, and Q is the group -CH 2 COOM. As typical examples can be given the compounds with the formulas (Illa) and/or
(Illb) (Illb)
Amfotere forbindelser med formlene Illa og Illb er kommer-sielt tilgjengelige som blandinger, og vanligvis med et vektforhold av forbindelsene med formlene Illa til forbindelsene med formel Illb innenfor området 1:10 til 10:1. Liksom de amfotere forbindelser med formel I og II som inneholder en karbonylgruppe, virker forbindelsene med formel III, Illa og Illb primært som tensider og såpevann-dannere. Egnede vektforhold mellom forbindelsene med formel III eller Illa og/eller Illb og amfotere forbindelser med formel I eller II som ikke inneholder en karbonylgruppe, er innenfor området fra 1:10 til 10:1 og fortrinnsvis innenfor området fra 1:5 til 5:1. Amphoteric compounds of the formulas IIIa and IIIb are commercially available as mixtures, and usually with a weight ratio of the compounds of the formulas IIIa to the compounds of the formula IIIb in the range of 1:10 to 10:1. Like the amphoteric compounds of formula I and II which contain a carbonyl group, the compounds of formula III, IIIa and IIIb act primarily as surfactants and soap formers. Suitable weight ratios between the compounds of formula III or IIa and/or IIb and amphoteric compounds of formula I or II which do not contain a carbonyl group are within the range from 1:10 to 10:1 and preferably within the range from 1:5 to 5:1 .
Amfotere forbindelser med ovenfor angitte formler er kom-mersielt tilgjengelige og selges under handelsnavnet Ampholak^ av Berol Nobel Ab, Sverige. Amphoteric compounds of the above formulas are commercially available and sold under the trade name Ampholak® by Berol Nobel Ab, Sweden.
I henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse er det blitt funnet at de ovennevnte amfotere forbindelser kan delvis erstatte anioniske tensider i flytende oppvaskmiddelblandinger. For å erholde oppvaskmiddelblandinger med tilstrekkelig god skumstabilitet, kombineres de amfotere forbindelser med et amid, et amidobetain eller et aminoksyd med denne virkning. Amider, amidobetainer og aminoksyder med denne virkning i oppvaskmidler og andre produkter er i og for seg kjent, og kan generelt karakteriseres som amider, amidobetainer og aminoksyder, respektive inneholdende minst én lenge hydrofob hydrokarbongruppe, dvs. et fettsyrerest med minst 7 karbonatomer og med fordel opptil 22 karbonatomer. According to the present invention, it has been found that the above-mentioned amphoteric compounds can partially replace anionic surfactants in liquid dishwashing detergent mixtures. In order to obtain detergent mixtures with sufficiently good foam stability, the amphoteric compounds are combined with an amide, an amidobetaine or an amine oxide with this effect. Amides, amidobetaines and amine oxides with this effect in dishwashing detergents and other products are known in and of themselves, and can generally be characterized as amides, amidobetaines and amine oxides, respectively containing at least one long hydrophobic hydrocarbon group, i.e. a fatty acid residue with at least 7 carbon atoms and with advantage up to 22 carbon atoms.
Som eksempler på egnede amider kan det nevnes ammonium- og etanolamider, såsom mono- og dietanolamider av fettsyrer med minst én lengre hydrofob gruppe som har minst 7 karbonatomer. Amidene kan karakteriseres ved den generelle formel Examples of suitable amides include ammonium and ethanolamides, such as mono- and diethanolamides of fatty acids with at least one longer hydrophobic group having at least 7 carbon atoms. The amides can be characterized by the general formula
(IV) (IV)
hvor R er den lengre hydrofobe hydrokarbongruppe, som med where R is the longer hydrophobic hydrocarbon group, as with
fordel er en mettet eller umettet, rett eller forgrenet, alifatisk hydrokarbongruppe med 7 til 21 karbonatomer, og fortrinnsvis er en alkyl- eller alkenylgruppe med fra 11 til 17 karbonatomer. Rj er en metylen- eller etylengruppe, og p er 1 eller 2. Som noen spesifikke eksempler på egnede amider kan nevnes mono- og dietanolamider av naturlige eller syn-tetiske fettsyrer med 12 til 18 karbonatomer, feks. dodesyl-karboksylsyre og kokosfettsyre. advantage is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 7 to 21 carbon atoms, and preferably an alkyl or alkenyl group with from 11 to 17 carbon atoms. Rj is a methylene or ethylene group, and p is 1 or 2. As some specific examples of suitable amides, mention can be made of mono- and diethanolamides of natural or synthetic fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, e.g. dodecyl carboxylic acid and coconut fatty acid.
Amidobetainene som kan anvendes, kan karakteriseres ved den generelle formel (V) The amidobetaines that can be used can be characterized by the general formula (V)
hvor R er den lengre hydrofobe hydrokarbongruppe, som med fordel er en mettet eller umetter, rett eller forgrenet, alifatisk hydrokarbongruppe med 7 til 21 karbonatomer og fortrinnsvis en alkyl eller alkenylgruppe med fra 11-17 karbonatomer, n er 1 eller 2 og M er fortrinnsvis hydrogen eller et natriumion. Amino-oksydene som kan anvendes, kan karakteriseres ved formelen (VI) where R is the longer hydrophobic hydrocarbon group, which is advantageously a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 7 to 21 carbon atoms and preferably an alkyl or alkenyl group with from 11 to 17 carbon atoms, n is 1 or 2 and M is preferably hydrogen or a sodium ion. The amino oxides that can be used can be characterized by the formula (VI)
hvor R er den lengre hydrofobe hydrokarbongruppe, med fordel en mettet eller umettet, rett eller forgrenet alifatisk hydrokarbongruppe med minst 8 karbonatomer. R er særlig en gruppe med 8 til 22 karbonatomer, og med fordel er den en alkylgruppe som kan være substituert med en hydroksylgruppe og også innholder én eller flere, opptil ca. 10 alkoksygrupper, fortrinnsvis etylenoksygrupper. where R is the longer hydrophobic hydrocarbon group, advantageously a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group with at least 8 carbon atoms. R is in particular a group with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and advantageously it is an alkyl group which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group and also contains one or more, up to approx. 10 alkoxy groups, preferably ethyleneoxy groups.
Gruppene Rt er, uavhengige av hverandre, lavere alkyl- eller hydroksialkylgrupper med fra 1 til 4 karbonatomer. Av de nevnte skumregulerende forbindelser er aminosyrene foretrukket. I de skumregulerende forbindelser er gruppen R fortrinnsvis en kokosnøttalkylgruppe. Vektforholdet av skumregulerende, dvs. amid, amidobetain eller aminoksydet eller blandingen av to eller flere av disse, til den amfotere forbindelse eller forbindelser bør fortrinnsvis være minst 1:10, og forholdet er velegnet innenfor området fra 1:10 til 10:1, og fortrinnsvis innenfor området fra 1:5 til 5:1. The groups Rt are, independently of each other, lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups with from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Of the foam-regulating compounds mentioned, the amino acids are preferred. In the suds-regulating compounds, the group R is preferably a coconut alkyl group. The weight ratio of foam control, i.e. amide, amidobetaine or the amine oxide or the mixture of two or more of these, to the amphoteric compound or compounds should preferably be at least 1:10, and the ratio is suitable within the range of 1:10 to 10:1, and preferably within the range from 1:5 to 5:1.
Ved å anvende blandingen av amfotere forbindelser som definert ovenfor, i kombinasjon med et fettsyreamid, et amidobetain eller et aminoksyd med skumregulerende og skumstabiliserende virkning kan anioniske tensider, som vanligvis er vannløselige salter av organiske sulfonerte syrer eller sulfaterte alkoholer, erstattes i flytende oppvaskmiddelblandinger til en viss grad, og derved erholdes en oppvaskmiddelblanding som er fordelaktig fra et biologisk synspunkt og fordelaktig med hensyn til mildhet ved anvendelse. Den forbedrede mildhet som erholdes, er avhengig av en effektiv avgiftning av anioniske tensider ved dannelse av blandede miceller av de anioniske overflateaktive forbindelser og de amfotere overflateaktive forbindelser. Den meget lave kritiske micellekonsentrasjon av de spesifikke amfotere forbindelser blir herved utnyt-tet. Den ønskede virkning erholdes således med meget små mengder av amfoter forbindelse, spesielt av forbindelsene av type 2. Oppvaskmiddelblandinger i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse, er også blitt funnet å være like effek-tive som oppvaskmidler basert bare anioniske tensider og dette også med hensyn til økonomi. By using the mixture of amphoteric compounds as defined above, in combination with a fatty acid amide, an amidobetaine or an amine oxide with foam-regulating and foam-stabilizing action, anionic surfactants, which are usually water-soluble salts of organic sulfonated acids or sulfated alcohols, can be replaced in liquid detergent mixtures to a to some extent, thereby obtaining a detergent mixture which is advantageous from a biological point of view and advantageous with regard to mildness of use. The improved mildness obtained is dependent on an efficient detoxification of anionic surfactants by the formation of mixed micelles of the anionic surfactants and the amphoteric surfactants. The very low critical micelle concentration of the specific amphoteric compounds is thereby utilized. The desired effect is thus obtained with very small amounts of amphoteric compound, especially of the compounds of type 2. Dishwashing detergent mixtures according to the present invention have also been found to be as effective as dishwashing detergents based only on anionic surfactants and this also with regard to economy .
I de foreliggende blandinger er også anioniske tensider av ovennevnte typer også tilstede, men i lavere mengder. Av den totale mengde av amfotere og anioniske overflateaktive midler, er høyst 90 vekt% anioniske tensider. Mengden av anionisk tensid er med fordel innenfor området fra 90 til 20 vekt%, basert på den totale mengde av amfotere overflateaktive forbindelser og anioniske overflateaktive forbindelser, fortrinnsvis innenfor området 85 til 60 %, og mest foretrukket innenfor området fra 80 ti 60 vekt%.. De anioniske tensider er, som angitt ovenfor, vannløselige salter av organiske sulfonerte syrer eller sulfaterte alkoholer, og da spesielt alkylsulfater, alkyletersulfater, alkylsulfonater, alkylarylsulfonater, hvor alkylgruppen vanligvis inneholder fra 8 til 22 karbonatomer. For anioniske tensider inneholdende etergrupper er disse vanligvis etylenoksydgrupper, og forbindelsene inneholder normalt mellom 1 til 10 slike grupper per molekyl. Kationene av disse salter er alkalimetaller, jordalkaliemetaller, ammonium eller aminer, såsom mono-, di- og trietanolamin-katio-ner. Som spesifikke eksemp-ler på anioniske tensider kan nevnes natriumlaurylsulfonat, natriumlauryletersulfat med to eller tre etylenoksydgrupper, de tilsvarende ammonium-eller etanolaminsalter, natrium- eller andre salter av dodesylbenzensulfonsyre og alkylbenzensulfonsyre, hvor alkylgruppen inneholder et gjennomsnitt på 11 til 13 karbonatomer . In the present mixtures, anionic surfactants of the above-mentioned types are also present, but in lower amounts. Of the total amount of amphoteric and anionic surfactants, at most 90% by weight are anionic surfactants. The amount of anionic surfactant is advantageously within the range from 90 to 20% by weight, based on the total amount of amphoteric surface-active compounds and anionic surface-active compounds, preferably within the range of 85 to 60%, and most preferably within the range from 80 to 60% by weight. The anionic surfactants are, as stated above, water-soluble salts of organic sulfonated acids or sulfated alcohols, and in particular alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, where the alkyl group usually contains from 8 to 22 carbon atoms. For anionic surfactants containing ether groups, these are usually ethylene oxide groups, and the compounds normally contain between 1 and 10 such groups per molecule. The cations of these salts are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium or amines, such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine cations. Specific examples of anionic surfactants include sodium lauryl sulfonate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate with two or three ethylene oxide groups, the corresponding ammonium or ethanolamine salts, sodium or other salts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, where the alkyl group contains an average of 11 to 13 carbon atoms.
Foreliggende oppvaskmiddelblandinger er flytende, og hovedkomponenten for dette er naturligvis fortrinnsvis vann. Vann anvendt i flytende oppvaskmiddelblandinger er ofte deionisert, men andre typer vann kan også anvendes. Andre flytende løsningsmidler kan naturligvis tilsettes, såsom feks. lavere alkoholer og glykoler og lavere alkyletere av glykolene. Disse typer av løsningsmidler forekommer normalt, hvis de i det hele tatt er tilstede, i små mengder. Som noen spesifikke eksempler kan nevnes etanol, isopropan-ol, etylenglykol, etc. Løsningsmidler tilsettes noen ganger hovedsakelig for konservering. En fordel med de foreliggende blandinger er imidlertid at siden de inneholder amfotere forbindelser av typen i henhold til formel (I), er det ikke nødvendig med et løsningsmiddel for å oppnå konserverende The detergent mixtures available are liquid, and the main component for this is naturally preferably water. Water used in liquid detergent mixtures is often deionised, but other types of water can also be used. Other liquid solvents can of course be added, such as e.g. lower alcohols and glycols and lower alkyl ethers of the glycols. These types of solvents normally occur, if present at all, in small amounts. As some specific examples can be mentioned ethanol, isopropan-ol, ethylene glycol, etc. Solvents are sometimes added mainly for preservation. However, an advantage of the present compositions is that, since they contain amphoteric compounds of the type according to formula (I), no solvent is required to obtain preservatives
virkning. effect.
Foreliggende oppvaskmiddelblandinger kan fremstilles på i og for seg kjent måte ved enkel blanding av komponentene, og de kan naturligvis også anvendes på konvensjonell måte. Normal dosering er ca.0,2 g/l vaskeløsning av en oppvaskmiddelblanding med et totalt tørrstoffinnhold på fra ca. 10 til 45 vekt%. The present detergent mixtures can be prepared in a manner known per se by simple mixing of the components, and they can of course also be used in a conventional manner. Normal dosage is approx. 0.2 g/l washing solution of a detergent mixture with a total solids content of from approx. 10 to 45% by weight.
Oppvaskmiddelblandingene kan naturligvis også inneholde andre konvensjonelt anvendte tilsetningsstoffer for forbed-ring av forskjellige egenskaper, såsom fortykningsmidler, antibakterielle midler, fargestoffer, pigmenter, parfymer, etc. Andre amfotere forbindelser kan også være tilstede hvis ønsket, såsom betainer, og også ikke-ioniske tensider, såsom glykosider. The detergent mixtures may of course also contain other conventionally used additives for improving various properties, such as thickeners, antibacterial agents, dyes, pigments, perfumes, etc. Other amphoteric compounds may also be present if desired, such as betaine, and also non-ionic surfactants , such as glycosides.
Som eksempel på en komplett oppvaskmiddelblanding i henhold til oppfinnelsen når det gjelder hovedkomponenten, kan de nedenfor oppførte angis, hvorved forholdene av anioniske overflateaktive midler til amfotere overflateaktive midler, og forholdene for skumregulerende forbindelser regu-leres slik at de faller innenfor de ovenfor angitte gren-ser: As an example of a complete washing-up detergent mixture according to the invention in terms of the main component, the ones listed below can be given, whereby the ratios of anionic surfactants to amphoteric surfactants, and the ratios of foam-regulating compounds are regulated so that they fall within the above-mentioned branches see:
Amfotere forbindelser Amphoteric compounds
Forbindelsen blir ytterligere illustrert i de følgende eksempler som imidlertid ikke er ment å skulle begrense opp-finnelsen. Andeler og prosenter henviser til vektdeler og vekt%, respektive, hvis intet annet er sagt. The connection is further illustrated in the following examples which, however, are not intended to limit the invention. Proportions and percentages refer to parts by weight and % by weight, respectively, if nothing else is stated.
Eksempel Example
Oppvaskmiddelblandinger fremstilles fra de følgende kompo-nenter (alle mengder er angitt som 100% aktiv forbindelse): Blanding I: 12 g lineært alkylbenzensulfonat med C12-C18 alkylgrupper, 7g natriumlauryletersulfat med 3 etylenoksydgrupper, 2 g C12-C18 alkansulfonat, 2 g etanol og 77 g vann. Denne blanding er en standard oppvaskmiddelblanding. Dishwashing detergent mixtures are prepared from the following components (all quantities are indicated as 100% active compound): Mixture I: 12 g linear alkylbenzene sulphonate with C12-C18 alkyl groups, 7g sodium lauryl ether sulphate with 3 ethylene oxide groups, 2 g C12-C18 alkane sulphonate, 2 g ethanol and 77 g of water. This mixture is a standard washing-up liquid mixture.
Blanding II: 1,68 g natriumlauryletersulfat med 3 etylenoksydgrupper, 10,8 g C12-C18 alkansulfonat, 2,22 g amfotere forbindelser, en 1:1 blanding av amfotere forbindelser solgt under handelsmerket Ampholak^ XCO-30 og Ampholak(v R);7TX, respektive, 1,11 g alkyldimetylamincksyd hvor alkylgruppen hadde 14 karbonatomer og 84,19 g vann. Den førstnevnte amfotere forbindelse kan kjemisk karakteriseres som kokoamfokarboksyglysinat og inneholder en karbonylgruppe og omfatter en blanding av forbindelser definert i formlene Illa og Illb, og den andre kan kjemisk beskrives som talgamfopolykarboksyglysinat, tilsvarer formel II og har ikke noen karbonylgruppe. Mixture II: 1.68 g sodium lauryl ether sulfate with 3 ethylene oxide groups, 10.8 g C12-C18 alkane sulfonate, 2.22 g amphoteric compounds, a 1:1 mixture of amphoteric compounds sold under the trade name Ampholak^ XCO-30 and Ampholak(v R) ;7TX, respectively, 1.11 g of alkyldimethylamine acid where the alkyl group had 14 carbon atoms and 84.19 g of water. The first-mentioned amphoteric compound can be chemically characterized as coco amphocarboxyglycinate and contains a carbonyl group and comprises a mixture of compounds defined in formulas IIa and IIb, and the second can be chemically described as tallow polycarboxyglycinate, corresponds to formula II and has no carbonyl group.
De to blandinger undersøkes ved titrering av 2 g/l av løs-ningen med béchamelsaus. Skumhøydene ble bestemt og frem-stilt grafisk mot mengden av béchamelsaus. Områdene for diagrammene ble integrert og veid, og angitt som virkningsgrad mot innhold av amfoter forbindelse. Området for blanding I, referansen, ble satt til virkningsgrad 1. Virk-ningsgraden av blanding II i henhold til denne oppfinnelse ble satt i relasjon til dette, og funnet å være 2,4. The two mixtures are examined by titrating 2 g/l of the solution with béchamel sauce. The foam heights were determined and presented graphically against the amount of béchamel sauce. The areas for the diagrams were integrated and weighted, and indicated as efficiency against amphoteric compound content. The range for mixture I, the reference, was set to efficiency 1. The efficiency of mixture II according to this invention was set in relation to this, and found to be 2.4.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SE9002986A SE9002986D0 (en) | 1990-09-19 | 1990-09-19 | LIQUID DISC MEDIUM COMPOSITION |
PCT/SE1991/000257 WO1992005236A1 (en) | 1990-09-19 | 1991-04-09 | Liquid dishwashing composition |
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NO921960D0 NO921960D0 (en) | 1992-05-18 |
NO921960L NO921960L (en) | 1992-07-20 |
NO179952B true NO179952B (en) | 1996-10-07 |
NO179952C NO179952C (en) | 1997-01-15 |
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NO921960A NO179952C (en) | 1990-09-19 | 1992-05-18 | Liquid detergent mixture |
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EP (1) | EP0500819B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05502265A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE135038T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU7903291A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69117726T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0500819T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2084165T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI922184A0 (en) |
NO (1) | NO179952C (en) |
SE (1) | SE9002986D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992005236A1 (en) |
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SE469428B (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-07-05 | Berol Nobel Ab | LIQUID DISCHARGE COMPOSITION CONTAINING ANIONIC TENSID AND A COMBINATION OF THREE TYPES OF AMPOTATED SOCIETIES |
US5269974A (en) * | 1992-09-01 | 1993-12-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid or gel dishwashing detergent composition containing alkyl amphocarboxylic acid and magnesium or calcium ions |
SE9203373L (en) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-05-12 | Berol Nobel Ab | Liquid detergent composition |
SE502482C2 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-10-30 | Berol Nobel Ab | Shampoo compositions comprising an amphoteric compound of the alkylaminopolyamphocarboxiglycinate type, a mixture of two monoethanolamides and an anionic surfactant |
US5869441A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1999-02-09 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Bar compositions comprising novel chelating surfactants |
US5801139A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-09-01 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Process for making bar compositions comprising novel chelating surfactants |
FR2913351B1 (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2010-11-26 | Rhodia Recherches Et Tech | USE OF BETAINE AS A DRAINAGE REDUCTION AGENT FOR FOAM |
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GB8522413D0 (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1985-10-16 | Amphoterics International Ltd | Surfactants |
US4876034A (en) * | 1986-11-18 | 1989-10-24 | Kao Corporation | Secondary amidoamino acid based detergent composition |
-
1990
- 1990-09-19 SE SE9002986A patent/SE9002986D0/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-04-09 AU AU79032/91A patent/AU7903291A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-04-09 WO PCT/SE1991/000257 patent/WO1992005236A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-04-09 JP JP3509334A patent/JPH05502265A/en active Pending
- 1991-04-09 EP EP91910074A patent/EP0500819B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-09 DK DK91910074.3T patent/DK0500819T3/en active
- 1991-04-09 AT AT91910074T patent/ATE135038T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-09 ES ES91910074T patent/ES2084165T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-09 DE DE69117726T patent/DE69117726T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1992
- 1992-05-13 FI FI922184A patent/FI922184A0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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DE69117726D1 (en) | 1996-04-11 |
DK0500819T3 (en) | 1996-06-24 |
WO1992005236A1 (en) | 1992-04-02 |
NO921960L (en) | 1992-07-20 |
AU7903291A (en) | 1992-04-15 |
ES2084165T3 (en) | 1996-05-01 |
DE69117726T2 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
EP0500819B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
JPH05502265A (en) | 1993-04-22 |
NO921960D0 (en) | 1992-05-18 |
EP0500819A1 (en) | 1992-09-02 |
NO179952C (en) | 1997-01-15 |
FI922184A (en) | 1992-05-13 |
ATE135038T1 (en) | 1996-03-15 |
FI922184A0 (en) | 1992-05-13 |
SE9002986D0 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
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