NO173946B - PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A PROTECTIVE COAT ON METAL SURFACES - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A PROTECTIVE COAT ON METAL SURFACES Download PDFInfo
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- NO173946B NO173946B NO89890923A NO890923A NO173946B NO 173946 B NO173946 B NO 173946B NO 89890923 A NO89890923 A NO 89890923A NO 890923 A NO890923 A NO 890923A NO 173946 B NO173946 B NO 173946B
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- coating
- filler material
- procedure
- approx
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav l's ingress for påføring av korrosjons-bestandige og mekanisk slitesterke belegg på metalloverfla-ter og spesielt påføring av aluminium matriks komposittbelegg på stålstrukturer. The present invention relates to a method as stated in claim 1's preamble for the application of corrosion-resistant and mechanically wear-resistant coatings on metal surfaces and in particular the application of aluminum matrix composite coatings on steel structures.
Dannelse av aliuminiumsbelegg på stålstrukturer for å oppnå beskyttelse mot korrosjon og mekanisk slitasje er kjent. Slike belegg anvendes i alle miljøer hvor marin, industriell eller urban korrosjon skjer sammen med mekanisk slitasje. Slike belegg påføres typisk ved termiske sprøyteprosesser og det har vært benyttet sink- og rene aluminiumstråder til dette formål, spesielt i marine områder, hvor aluminium utviser en sterk motstand mot saltvann. Denne prosessen anvendes pr. idag. Formation of aluminum coatings on steel structures to achieve protection against corrosion and mechanical wear is known. Such coatings are used in all environments where marine, industrial or urban corrosion occurs together with mechanical wear. Such coatings are typically applied by thermal spraying processes and zinc and pure aluminum wires have been used for this purpose, especially in marine areas, where aluminum shows a strong resistance to salt water. This process is used per Today.
Selv om aluminium har en viss katodisk beskyttelse, er det hovedsakelig et grensesjikt med relativt lav styrke og slitemotstand. For å løse dette problemet har det vært benyttet aluminium matriks komposittblandinger som belegg på stålsubstrater for både å gi en høy grad av katodisk beskyttelse og også for å gi stålstrukturen en god slitestyrke. Slike belegg ble tidligere påført ved teknikker som f.eks.flammesprøyting (flame spraying) av et smeltet metall på substratet som skal dekkes, hvor partikulære refraksjons-materialer eller keramiske partikler er ført inn sprayen. Flammesprøyting av metallpulver sammen med refraksjonsmaterialet eller keramiske partikler har også vært benyttet. Det er også.kjent å benyttet termisk sprøyting eller plasmasprøyting i stedenfor flammesprøyting. Although aluminum has some cathodic protection, it is mainly a boundary layer with relatively low strength and wear resistance. To solve this problem, aluminum matrix composite mixtures have been used as coatings on steel substrates to both provide a high degree of cathodic protection and also to give the steel structure good wear resistance. Such coatings were previously applied by techniques such as flame spraying (flame spraying) of a molten metal on the substrate to be covered, where particulate refractive materials or ceramic particles are introduced into the spray. Flame spraying of metal powder together with the refractive material or ceramic particles has also been used. It is also known to use thermal spraying or plasma spraying instead of flame spraying.
De nevnte teknikker er meget vanskelige å kontrollere ved kommersiell bruk og det er vanskelig å oppnå en jevn fordeling av refraksjonsmaterialet eller keramiske partikler i belegget. Det har spesielt vært problemer med dårlig festeevne, høy porøsitet i belegget og generelt dårlig struktur i belegget. The mentioned techniques are very difficult to control in commercial use and it is difficult to achieve an even distribution of the refractive material or ceramic particles in the coating. In particular, there have been problems with poor adhesion, high porosity in the coating and generally poor structure in the coating.
Hensikten med foreliggende oppfinnelse er å fremskaffe en fremgangsmåte ved påføring av aluminium matriks komposittbelegg med forbedret kvalitet på metallstrukturer. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for applying aluminum matrix composite coating with improved quality to metal structures.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen påføres et metallsubstrat et belegg av aluminium-matriks komposittbelegg ved direkte flammesprøyting eller buesprøyting (are spray) av et preformet aluminium-matriks komposittmateriale. Det preformede materiale er fortrinnsvis i form av en tråd eller stang, som tjener som føde for flammesprøytings- eller buesprøytingsprosessen. According to the invention, a coating of aluminum matrix composite coating is applied to a metal substrate by direct flame spraying or arc spraying (are spray) of a preformed aluminum matrix composite material. The preformed material is preferably in the form of a wire or rod, which serves as feed for the flame spraying or arc spraying process.
Metall-matriks kompositter er vel kjent som sådan og fremstilles av en metallmatriks hvori det er fordelt fast fyllstoff, dvs. et fibrøst eller partikulært materiale som kan innbefattes og fordeles i metallmatriksen og som hovedsak beholder sin egenart som innbefattet i stedenfor å miste sin form eller identitet ved oppløsning eller kjemisk reaksjon med metallet. Metal-matrix composites are well known as such and are produced from a metal matrix in which solid filler is distributed, i.e. a fibrous or particulate material that can be embedded and distributed in the metal matrix and essentially retains its characteristics as embedded instead of losing its shape or identity by dissolution or chemical reaction with the metal.
Det er kjent at styrken til aluminium eller aluminiumslegeringer kan økes vesentlig ved innblanding av fibrøse eller partikulære faste fyllmidler i form av korte, diskontinuelige, mer eller mindre tilfeldig orienterte partikler. For mange anvendelser er det kjent å fordele fibrene stort sett jevnt gjennom hele metallartikkelen. It is known that the strength of aluminum or aluminum alloys can be significantly increased by mixing in fibrous or particulate solid fillers in the form of short, discontinuous, more or less randomly oriented particles. For many applications, it is known to distribute the fibers substantially uniformly throughout the metal article.
Som eksempler på faste fyllmidler som er blitt brukt til dette formål, kan nevnes aluminiumoksyd, titandiborid, silika, zirkoniumoksyd, silisiumkarbid, silisiumnitrid etc. Aluminium-TiB2 kompositter har f.eks. vært anvendt til formål med høye styrkekrav og/eller høy slitestyrke. Examples of solid fillers that have been used for this purpose include aluminum oxide, titanium diboride, silica, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, etc. Aluminum-TiB2 composites have e.g. been used for purposes with high strength requirements and/or high wear resistance.
Aluminium-matriks komposittmaterialene som benyttes som utgangsmateriale for fremgangsmåten i oppfinnelsen er fremstilt ved kjente metoder og inneholder typisk 5-60 vol-% av ildfaste materialer eller keramiske fyllmidler. Det foretrekkes 5-40 vol-% fyllmidler og spesielt 10-20 vol-%. Belegget påføres fortrinnsvis i en tykkelse i området 50-5000 ym. The aluminium-matrix composite materials used as starting material for the method in the invention are produced by known methods and typically contain 5-60% by volume of refractory materials or ceramic fillers. 5-40 vol-% fillers and especially 10-20 vol-% are preferred. The coating is preferably applied in a thickness in the range of 50-5000 ym.
Fremgangsmåten er særpreget ved det som er angitt i krav 1's karakteriserende del. Ytterligere trekk fremgår av kravene 2-10. The method is characterized by what is stated in claim 1's characterizing part. Further features appear in requirements 2-10.
Substratet som behandles er typisk en jernholdig metallstruktur, dvs. stål. Andre substrater som kan belegges i henhold til oppfinnelsen inkluderer strukturer av aluminiumslegeringer med høy styrke som kan varmbehandles, dvs. legeringer i serien AA 7000. Slike aluminiumslegeringer blir av og til utsatt for påkjenningskorrosjon når de benyttes. The substrate that is treated is typically a ferrous metal structure, i.e. steel. Other substrates that can be coated according to the invention include structures of high strength aluminum alloys that can be heat treated, i.e. alloys in the AA 7000 series. Such aluminum alloys are occasionally exposed to stress corrosion when used.
Substratets overflate forbehandles fortrinnsvis ved sandblåsing med aluminiumoksyd. Det er også funnet fordelaktig, men ikke avgjørende, å forvarme substratet til minst 120 °C for å fjerne overflatefuktighet før påføring av belegget. Dette er ikke alltid mulig å utføre, spesielt ved marine anvendelser. I enkelte tilfeller kan det også være fordelaktig å belegge substratet med aluminium ved kon-vensjonell metallisering før påføring av aluminium-matriks komposittbelegget. The surface of the substrate is preferably pre-treated by sandblasting with aluminum oxide. It has also been found beneficial, but not essential, to preheat the substrate to at least 120°C to remove surface moisture prior to application of the coating. This is not always possible to do, especially in marine applications. In some cases, it can also be advantageous to coat the substrate with aluminum by conventional metallization before applying the aluminum matrix composite coating.
Det er overraskende funnet at komposittbelegget fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten i oppfinnelsen generelt er overlegne de som er oppnådd ved tidligere metoder. Spesielt har belegget i foreliggende oppfinnelse forbedret vedheft, lav porøsitet og generelt god struktur. It has surprisingly been found that the composite coating produced by the method of the invention is generally superior to those obtained by previous methods. In particular, the coating in the present invention has improved adhesion, low porosity and generally good structure.
Kort beskrivelse av figurene: Brief description of the figures:
Fig.l er et mikrofotografi som viser en del av et belegg fra kjent teknikk. Fig. 2 er et mikrofotografi som viser et belegg fremstilt i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Fig.3 er et mikrofotografi som viser et annet belegg fremstilt i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Fig. 4 er mikrofotografi som viser nok et belegg fremstilt i Fig.1 is a photomicrograph showing part of a coating from prior art. Fig. 2 is a photomicrograph showing a coating produced according to the invention. Fig.3 is a photomicrograph showing another coating produced according to the invention. Fig. 4 is a photomicrograph showing another coating produced in
henhold til oppfinnelsen. according to the invention.
Følgende eksempler illustrerer enkelt foretrukne anvendelser av oppfinnelsen. The following examples simply illustrate preferred applications of the invention.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
En støpebarre inneholdende AA 1350 aluminium inneholdende ca. 15 vol-% silisiumkarbid partikler jevn fordelt. Barren ble fremstilt i henhold til fremgangsmåten beskrevet i PCT-søknad W087/06624, publisert 5. november 1987. Barren ble ekstrudert og trukket til en tråd med diameter ca. 2.3 mm og denne ble føden for buesprøytingsprosessen. An ingot containing AA 1350 aluminum containing approx. 15 vol-% silicon carbide particles evenly distributed. The ingot was produced according to the method described in PCT application WO87/06624, published November 5, 1987. The ingot was extruded and drawn into a thread of diameter approx. 2.3 mm and this became the food for the arc spraying process.
Stålsubstratet var i form av en stålsylinder og buen ble dannet mellom to fødetråder av aluminiummatriks kompositt-materialet over. Buen ble holdt med en avstand på ca. 10 cm fra sylinderen mens sylinderen roterte og buestrømmen var ca. 150 A. Det ble avsatt et belegg på sylinderen med tykkelse ca. 3000 >im. The steel substrate was in the form of a steel cylinder and the arc was formed between two feed wires of the aluminum matrix composite material above. The bow was held at a distance of approx. 10 cm from the cylinder while the cylinder was rotating and the arc current was approx. 150 A. A coating was deposited on the cylinder with a thickness of approx. 3000 >im.
Det erholdte produkt ble undersøkt metallografisk og hadde god vedheft og generelt god struktur. The product obtained was examined metallographically and had good adhesion and generally good structure.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
Det ble utført forsøk for å sammenligne komposittbelegg fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten i oppfinnelsen med komposittbelegg fremstilt ved kjent teknikk. Experiments were carried out to compare composite coatings produced by the method in the invention with composite coatings produced by known techniques.
A. Oppfunnet metode. A. Invented method.
Prosedyren i eksempel 1 ble fulgt og det ble fremstilt en støpebarre som inneholdt ca. 10 vol-% silisiumkarbid partikler jevnt fordelt i en AA 6061 aluminiumslegering. The procedure in example 1 was followed and an ingot containing approx. 10 vol% silicon carbide particles uniformly distributed in an AA 6061 aluminum alloy.
Barren ble ekstrudert og trukket til en tråd med diameter ca. 2.3 mm, og denne ble brukt som føde for en buesprøyt-ingsprosess. The ingot was extruded and drawn into a wire with a diameter of approx. 2.3 mm, and this was used as feed for an arc spray process.
Det ble brukt et stålsubstrat i form av en flat stang og det ble dannet en bue mellom to tråder fremstilt fra barren over. Buen ble holdt med en avstand på ca. 10 cm fra stålstangen og det ble benyttet en buestrøm på ca. 150 A. Det erholdte belegg hadde en tykkelse på ca. 3000 ym. Produktet ble undersøkt metallografiski og resultatet er vist i figur 2. A steel substrate in the form of a flat bar was used and an arc was formed between two wires produced from the bar above. The bow was held at a distance of approx. 10 cm from the steel rod and an arc current of approx. 150 A. The coating obtained had a thickness of approx. 3000 etc. The product was examined metallographically and the result is shown in figure 2.
B. Kjent teknikk. B. Prior art.
Av en AA 6061 aluminiumslegering ble det fremstilt en tråd med diameter ca. 2.3 mm og denne ble brukt som føde for en buesprøytingsprosess. A wire with a diameter of approx. 2.3 mm and this was used as feed for an arc spraying process.
Det ble benyttet et stålsubstrat i form av en flat stang og buen ble dannet mellom to av trådene fremstilt fra lege-ringen over. Buen ble holdt i en avstand på ca. 10 cm fra stålstangen med en buestrøm på ca. 150 A. Samtidig ble det ført silisiumkarbid partikler inn mellom trådene, slik at disse ble avsatt sammen med aluminiumet. Silisiumkarbid-partiklene ble tilført i en mengde på ca. 10 vol-% i forhold til tilført aluminiumslegering. Belegget som ble avsatt på stålstangen hadde en tykkelse på ca. 5000 ym. A steel substrate in the form of a flat bar was used and the arc was formed between two of the wires produced from the alloy ring above. The bow was held at a distance of approx. 10 cm from the steel rod with an arc current of approx. 150 A. At the same time, silicon carbide particles were introduced between the wires, so that these were deposited together with the aluminium. The silicon carbide particles were added in an amount of approx. 10% by volume in relation to added aluminum alloy. The coating that was deposited on the steel rod had a thickness of approx. 5000 etc.
Produktet ble undersøkt metallografisk og resultatet er vist i figur 1. The product was examined metallographically and the result is shown in Figure 1.
Ved å sammenligne figur 1 med figur 2 er det lett å se at fremgangsmåten i oppfinnelsen gir et meget mer jevnt belegg med færre hulrom (vist som svarte områder) enn belegget fremstilt ved kjent teknikk. By comparing Figure 1 with Figure 2, it is easy to see that the method in the invention provides a much more uniform coating with fewer voids (shown as black areas) than the coating produced by known techniques.
Eksempel 3. Example 3.
Ved å følge prosedyren i eksempel 1, ble det fremstilt en støpebarre av AA 1060 aluminium inneholdende ca. 15 vol-% aluminiumoksydpartikler. Barren ble ekstrudert og trukket til tråder med diametre på henholdsvis 3.2 og 2.4 mm som ble By following the procedure in example 1, an ingot of AA 1060 aluminum containing approx. 15 vol-% alumina particles. The bar was extruded and drawn into threads with diameters of 3.2 and 2.4 mm, respectively, which were
benyttet som føde i en flammesprøytingsprosess. used as feed in a flame spraying process.
Før flammesprøyting ble flatstålet avfettet og deretter sandblåst med No. 16 aluminiumoksyd. Det ble dannet et 75 - Before flame spraying, the flat steel was degreased and then sandblasted with No. 16 aluminum oxide. A 75 -
80 ym ankertann-mønster på stålet. 80 ym anchor tooth pattern on the steel.
Stålprøvene ble flammesprøytet med enten 3.2 eller 2.4 mm kompositt-tråd innen 10 minutter etter sandblåsing. The steel samples were flame sprayed with either 3.2 or 2.4 mm composite wire within 10 minutes of sandblasting.
Flammesprøytingen skjedde med en oksygeninnstilling på 2.45 kp/cm<2> og 1.4 m<3>/h, acetylengass 1.4 kp/cm<2> og 1.1 m<3>/h og luftinnstilling på 4.55 kp/cm<2> og 1.6 m<3>/h. The flame spraying took place with an oxygen setting of 2.45 kp/cm<2> and 1.4 m<3>/h, acetylene gas 1.4 kp/cm<2> and 1.1 m<3>/h and an air setting of 4.55 kp/cm<2> and 1.6 m<3>/h.
Sprøytepistolen ble holdt i en avstand på ca. 15 cm fra stålprøvene. De belagte prøvene ble undersøkt metallografisk er resultatene er vist i figur 3 og 4. Figur 3 er med 2.4 mm tråd og figur 4 er med 3.2 mm tråd. Begge mikrofotografiene viser jevne belegg med få tomrom. The spray gun was held at a distance of approx. 15 cm from the steel samples. The coated samples were examined metallographically, the results are shown in Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 is with 2.4 mm wire and Figure 4 is with 3.2 mm wire. Both photomicrographs show uniform coatings with few voids.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16423488A | 1988-03-04 | 1988-03-04 |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO890923D0 NO890923D0 (en) | 1989-03-03 |
NO890923L NO890923L (en) | 1989-09-05 |
NO173946B true NO173946B (en) | 1993-11-15 |
NO173946C NO173946C (en) | 1994-02-23 |
Family
ID=22593568
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO890923A NO173946C (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-03-03 | Procedure for the preparation of a protective coating on metal surfaces |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0331519B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2694996B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE68901935T2 (en) |
NO (1) | NO173946C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0620866B1 (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1996-08-14 | Alcan Aluminium Uk Limited | Wear surface |
US7229700B2 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2007-06-12 | Basf Catalysts, Llc. | Corrosion-resistant coating for metal substrate |
CN102839344A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-12-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-performance arc spraying Zn-Al powder core wire and preparation method thereof |
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US4276353A (en) * | 1978-08-23 | 1981-06-30 | Metco, Inc. | Self-bonding flame spray wire for producing a readily grindable coating |
JPS58104173A (en) * | 1981-12-17 | 1983-06-21 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Wire rod for wire explosion spraying |
JPS60255964A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1985-12-17 | Tomio Suzuki | Thermal spraying material for thermal spraying machine |
-
1989
- 1989-03-03 NO NO890923A patent/NO173946C/en unknown
- 1989-03-03 JP JP1052747A patent/JP2694996B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-03 DE DE8989302156T patent/DE68901935T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-03 EP EP89302156A patent/EP0331519B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0270053A (en) | 1990-03-08 |
NO173946C (en) | 1994-02-23 |
NO890923L (en) | 1989-09-05 |
DE68901935T2 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
EP0331519B1 (en) | 1992-07-01 |
EP0331519A1 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
NO890923D0 (en) | 1989-03-03 |
JP2694996B2 (en) | 1997-12-24 |
DE68901935D1 (en) | 1992-08-06 |
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