NO149859B - PROCEDURE FOR SECONDARY EXTRACTION OF PETROLEUM FROM AN UNDERGRADUAL FORM CONTAINING WATER WITH HIGH SALT CONTENT - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR SECONDARY EXTRACTION OF PETROLEUM FROM AN UNDERGRADUAL FORM CONTAINING WATER WITH HIGH SALT CONTENT Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO149859B NO149859B NO782390A NO782390A NO149859B NO 149859 B NO149859 B NO 149859B NO 782390 A NO782390 A NO 782390A NO 782390 A NO782390 A NO 782390A NO 149859 B NO149859 B NO 149859B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- surfactant
- hydrocarbon
- water
- petroleum
- group
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 alkyl betaine Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VKGVMRAKNPEFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetyl-dodecyl-dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C(C)=O VKGVMRAKNPEFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCFOOQRXUXKJCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-4-oxo-2-sulfobutanoic acid Chemical class NC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O BCFOOQRXUXKJCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alanine Chemical class CC([NH3+])C([O-])=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920013746 hydrophilic polyethylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/584—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte ved sekundær utvinning av petroleum fra en underjordisk forma- The present invention relates to a method for the secondary extraction of petroleum from an underground formation
sjon som inneholder vann med høyt saltinnhold, hvor en mikroemulsjon bestående av vann, hydrokarbon, overflateaktivt middel og kooverflateaktivt middel injiseres i formasjonen. tion containing water with a high salt content, where a microemulsion consisting of water, hydrocarbon, surfactant and cosurfactant is injected into the formation.
Disse nye mikroemulsjoner ble perfeksjonert og utviklet These new microemulsions were perfected and developed
for utvinning av petroleum i formasjoner med høy tempera- for the extraction of petroleum in formations with high temperature
tur og høyt saltinnhold med en høy konsentrasjon av ioner som natrium-, kalium-, kalsium- og magnesiumioner. ture and high salt content with a high concentration of ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ions.
Bruk av tilsetningsmidler som nedsetter grenseflatespen-ningen mellom innsprøytet vann og petroleum under dannel- Use of additives that reduce the interfacial tension between injected water and petroleum during the formation
sen er kjent i fremgangsmåter for hydrokarbonutvinning ved innsprøytning av vann. Det er allerede foreslått mange overflateaktive blandinger som i kombinasjon med passende mengder olje og vann gir en homogen og stabil oppløsning av olje og vann, hvori vannet eller oljen foreligger i en ekstremt finfordelt form, dvs. i form av dråper mellom 100 sen is known in methods for hydrocarbon extraction by injection of water. Many surface-active mixtures have already been proposed which, in combination with suitable amounts of oil and water, give a homogeneous and stable solution of oil and water, in which the water or oil is present in an extremely finely divided form, i.e. in the form of droplets between 100
og 1400 Å. and 1400 Å.
Det er kjent å fremstille mikroemulsjoner av destillert It is known to produce microemulsions of distilled
vann og hydrokarbon som inneholder minst et overflateaktivt middel og kooverflateaktive midler. Disse mikroemulsjoner erkarakterisert vedklarhet når de inneholder et trans-parent hydrokarbon, en mikrocellar størrelse på 100 til 1500 Å og uendelig stabilitet i tid. water and hydrocarbon containing at least one surfactant and cosurfactants. These microemulsions are characterized by clarity when they contain a transparent hydrocarbon, a microcellular size of 100 to 1500 Å and infinite stability in time.
Imidlertid vanskeliggjøres en dannelse av mikroemulsjoner However, the formation of microemulsions is made difficult
fra vann som inneholder mono- og spesielt divalente ioner når saltkonsentrasjonene er høyere enn 30 g pr. liter som tilfellet er i grunnvann som kan inneholde 500 til 15000 from water containing mono- and especially divalent ions when the salt concentrations are higher than 30 g per liters as is the case in groundwater which can contain 500 to 15,000
ppm kalsium-og/eller magnesiumioner. I dette tilfelle ta- ppm calcium and/or magnesium ions. In this case ta-
per visse overflateaktive midler sin løselighet, micellene blir større og mikroemulsjonen går over i en klassisk emul-sjon, og i noen tilfeller kan også de overflateaktive mid- per certain surfactants' solubility, the micelles become larger and the microemulsion turns into a classic emulsion, and in some cases the surfactants can also
ler utfelles. Denne utfelling er skadelig for porøsiteten og kapillarevnen for dannelsen som holder oljen og for-hindrer utbytning av denne olje ved vanninjeksjon. is precipitated. This precipitation is harmful to the porosity and capillary tear of the formation that holds the oil and prevents extraction of this oil by water injection.
Kjente mikroemulsjoner består i alminnelighet av minst et anionisk overflateaktivt middel valgt fra gruppen alkyl-og/eller arylsulfater, sulfonater, sulfosuksinater og sul-fosuksinamater som beskrevet i fransk patentsøknad nr. 76 . 37346 . Known microemulsions generally consist of at least one anionic surfactant selected from the group of alkyl and/or aryl sulphates, sulphonates, sulphosuccinates and sulphosuccinamates as described in French patent application no. 76. 37346.
Andre mikroemulsjoner inneholder minst ett kationisk overflateaktivt middel. Disse kationiske overflateaktive midler velges fra gruppen kvaternære ammoniumforbindelser eller derivater av fettaminer. Other microemulsions contain at least one cationic surfactant. These cationic surfactants are selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds or derivatives of fatty amines.
Men disse to typer av ioniske overflateaktive midler som reagerer i et sterkt saltmedium risikerer utfelling og å bli sterkt absorbert på mineralmatrisen som utgjør stein-reservoaret. But these two types of ionic surfactants that react in a strong salt medium run the risk of precipitation and being strongly absorbed on the mineral matrix that makes up the rock reservoir.
Andre overflateaktive midler av ikke-ionisk type med en hy-drofil polyetylenoksydgruppe er løselig i nærvær av høye saltkonsentrasjoner, men kan ikke motstå varme selv ved blanding med de ovenfor nevnte overflateaktive midler. Other surfactants of the nonionic type with a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide group are soluble in the presence of high salt concentrations, but cannot withstand heat even when mixed with the above-mentioned surfactants.
US patenter nr. 3.500.912 og 3.536.136 vedrører sekundær-gjenvinning av restolje ved fortrengning med mikroemulsjoner som inneholder petroleumsulfonater. Disse produkter kan ikke brukes i nærvær av saltvann hvilket.fremgår av disse publikasjoner. US patents no. 3,500,912 and 3,536,136 relate to the secondary recovery of residual oil by displacement with microemulsions containing petroleum sulphonates. These products cannot be used in the presence of salt water, as stated in these publications.
Det tyske utlegningsskrift 25.32.469 foreslår bruk av betainer for oljefortrengning. Imidlertid brukes her betainer i oppløsning og ikke i mikroemulsjon. Mikroemulsjoner er bedre enn løsninger for oversvømmelse, fordi systemets bevegelighet kan justeres på lett og billig måte ved til-setning av forskjellige mengder av et kooverflateaktivt middel. The German specification document 25.32.469 suggests the use of betaine for oil displacement. However, betaine is used here in solution and not in microemulsion. Microemulsions are better than solutions for flooding, because the mobility of the system can be adjusted easily and cheaply by adding different amounts of a cosurfactant.
I tillegg til dette er betainer som brukes i dette tyske utlegningsskrift meget forskjellig fra de produkter som anvendes i foreliggende søknad. Betainene i det tyske utlegningsskrift er avledet fra naftensyreamider eller de har en heterocy-klisk struktur. In addition to this, the betaine used in this German explanatory document is very different from the products used in the present application. The betaines in the German specification are derived from naphthenic acid amides or they have a heterocyclic structure.
Av denne grunn injiseres ifølge foreliggende fremgangsmåte en mikroemulsjon omfattende vann som inneholder fra 60 til 330 g/l enverdige ioner og opp til 50 g/l toverdige ioner; For this reason, according to the present method, a microemulsion comprising water containing from 60 to 330 g/l monovalent ions and up to 50 g/l divalent ions is injected;
20 til 80 vekt% av et hydrokarbon; 3 til 50 vekt% av.et amfotært overflateaktivt middel med formelen 20 to 80% by weight of a hydrocarbon; 3 to 50% by weight of an amphoteric surfactant of the formula
hvor og R- uavhengig velges fra hydrokarbongrupper som inneholder fra 1 til 22 karbonatomer, m er et heltall fra 1 where and R- are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 1
0 0 til 5, n er et heltall fra 1 til 22, X er en C00 -, S03- gruppe eller en sulfonert polyetylenoksydgruppe med formelen 0 (CH0 - CH0 - 0) S0o ®, hvor p er et tall fra 1 til 0 0 to 5, n is an integer from 1 to 22, X is a C00 -, SO3 group or a sulfonated polyethylene oxide group of the formula 0 (CH0 - CH0 - 0) SO0 ® , where p is a number from 1 to
2 2 p 3c2 2 p 3c
og med 11; og minst et kooverflateaktivt middel valgt fra gruppen alkoholer med 1 til 10 karbonatomer hvor volumforholdet mellom overflateaktivt middel og kooverflateaktivt middel er fra 0,1 til 4,5. and with 11; and at least one cosurfactant selected from the group of alcohols with 1 to 10 carbon atoms where the volume ratio between surfactant and cosurfactant is from 0.1 to 4.5.
Disse overflateaktive midler tilhører gruppene betainer These surfactants belong to the betaine group
og tauriner og aminopropionsyrederivater. and taurines and aminopropionic acid derivatives.
De følgende eksempler og tegninger angitt i beskrivende hensikt må ikke betraktes som begrensende og skal bare il-lustrere oppfinnelsen og de fordeler som følger derav. The following examples and drawings given for descriptive purposes must not be regarded as limiting and should only illustrate the invention and the advantages that follow from it.
I fig. 1 til 4, som svarer til hver av dannelsene i eksemp-lene er vist et ternært diagram: C) overflateaktivt middel/kooverflateaktivt middel, E) grunnvann, (P) hydrokarbon. In fig. 1 to 4, corresponding to each of the formations in the examples, a ternary diagram is shown: C) surfactant/cosurfactant, E) ground water, (P) hydrocarbon.
For hver dannelse er vist kurven som adskiller området for homogene oppløsninger eller mikroemulsjoner som ligger over nevnte kurve fra området til flerfasekomposisjonene som ligger under nevnte kurve. For each formation, the curve is shown which separates the area for homogeneous solutions or microemulsions that lies above said curve from the area of multiphase compositions that lies below said curve.
Det overflateaktive middel som fortrinnsvis brukes i eksem-plene er dimetyl-dodecyl-ammoniumacetylklorid i form av et natriumsalt i en 35%-løsning. Det hører til gruppen alkyl-betainer som felles under betegnelsen "AMPHOSOL" av Indu-stries Chimiques de Voreppe, og svarer til følgende for- The surfactant which is preferably used in the examples is dimethyl-dodecyl-ammonium acetyl chloride in the form of a sodium salt in a 35% solution. It belongs to the group of alkyl-betaines which are collectively known as "AMPHOSOL" by Indu-stries Chimiques de Voreppe, and corresponds to the following pre-
; ;
hvor R er en alkylkjede svarende til karbonfordelingen i kokosoljens fettsyrer, dvs. syrer som inneholder hydrokarbongrupper med fra 10 til 14 karbonatomer. where R is an alkyl chain corresponding to the carbon distribution in the coconut oil's fatty acids, i.e. acids that contain hydrocarbon groups with from 10 to 14 carbon atoms.
EKSEMPEL 1 EXAMPLE 1
Grunnvannet inneholder 200 g pr. liter NaCl. Groundwater contains 200 g per liters of NaCl.
Oljen er dodekan. The oil is dodecane.
Det overflateaktive middel er av alkylbetaintypen, R er The surfactant is of the alkyl betaine type, R is
en koprarest i vandig oppløsning inneholdende 25% aktivt materiale og 18% isopropanol. a copper residue in an aqueous solution containing 25% active material and 18% isopropanol.
De kooverflateaktive midler er N-heksanol og N-oktanol The cosurfactants are N-hexanol and N-octanol
komlbinert i en blanding på 50 - 50 volumdeler. Volumfor- combined in a mixture of 50 - 50 parts by volume. Volumetric
holdet av overflateaktivt middel til kooverflateaktivt mid- the ratio of surfactant to cosurfactant mid-
del varierer fra 0,1 til 1,5 og ligger fortrinnsvis mel- part varies from 0.1 to 1.5 and is preferably between
lom 0,5 til 1,0. Mikroemulsjonen fremstilles ved å blande grunnvann, dodekan som hydrokarbon og en blanding av overflateaktivt middel og kooverflateaktivt middel. lom 0.5 to 1.0. The microemulsion is produced by mixing groundwater, dodecane as a hydrocarbon and a mixture of surfactant and cosurfactant.
Kurven i fig. 1 viser at man oppnår et vidt spektrum av mikroemulsjoner med et grunnvann som inneholder 200 g NaCl pr. liter og dodekan som er tidsstabilt ved 80°C. The curve in fig. 1 shows that a wide spectrum of microemulsions is obtained with groundwater containing 200 g of NaCl per liter and dodecane which is time-stable at 80°C.
EKSEMPEL 2, fig, nr. 2., EXAMPLE 2, fig, no. 2.,
Ternært diagram nr. 2 angir eksistensområdet for mikroemulsjoner dannet med vann med 100 g pr. liter CaC^, dodekan som olje og det samme overflateaktive middel og alkoholsy- Ternary diagram No. 2 indicates the range of existence for microemulsions formed with water at 100 g per liter of CaC^, dodecane as an oil and the same surface-active agent and alcohol
stemer som beskrevet i eksempel 1. votes as described in example 1.
Tidsstabiliteten og varmestabiliteten er den samme som i eksempel 1. The time stability and heat stability are the same as in example 1.
EKSEMPEL 3 EXAMPLE 3
Fig. 3 viser eksistensområdet for mikroemulsjoner dannet av grunnvann inneholdende saltmedium: Fig. 3 shows the range of existence for microemulsions formed by groundwater containing saline medium:
60 g pr. liter NaCl og 60 g per liters of NaCl and
15 g pr. liter CaCl215 g per liters of CaCl2
dodekan og Dodecanese and
en blanding av Amphosol i vandig løsning på 35 % a mixture of Amphosol in aqueous solution of 35%
med isopropanol og heksanol kombinert i volumdeler på with isopropanol and hexanol combined in parts by volume on
1/3 - 2/3 henholdsvis. 1/3 - 2/3 respectively.
Forholdet mellom overflateaktivt middel og alkohol kan variere fra 0,25 til 4,5. The ratio of surfactant to alcohol can vary from 0.25 to 4.5.
Stabiliteten til de erholdte mikroemulsjoner er like god som i foregående eksempler. The stability of the microemulsions obtained is as good as in the previous examples.
EKSEMPEL 4 EXAMPLE 4
Fig. 4 angir eksistensområdet for stabile og varmebestan-dige mikroemulsjoner som kan oppnås med: Fig. 4 indicates the range of existence for stable and heat-resistant microemulsions that can be obtained with:
sterkt saltholdig grunnvann inneholdende: highly saline groundwater containing:
100 g pr. liter NaCl 100 g per liters of NaCl
20 g pr. liter CaCl220 g per liters of CaCl2
dodekan Dodecanese
overflateaktivt middel-kooverflateaktivt-middel-system fra eksempel 3. surfactant-cosurfactant-agent system from Example 3.
Volumforholdet av overflateaktivt middel til alkoholer er 0,30 til 4,50. The volume ratio of surfactant to alcohols is 0.30 to 4.50.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7721093A FR2396866B1 (en) | 1977-07-08 | 1977-07-08 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO782390L NO782390L (en) | 1979-01-09 |
| NO149859B true NO149859B (en) | 1984-03-26 |
| NO149859C NO149859C (en) | 1984-07-04 |
Family
ID=9193155
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO782390A NO149859C (en) | 1977-07-08 | 1978-07-07 | PROCEDURE FOR SECONDARY EXTRACTION OF PETROLEUM FROM AN UNDERGRADUAL FORM CONTAINING WATER WITH HIGH SALT CONTENT |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5437002A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE868821A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7804406A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1106587A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2829617C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK306478A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2396866B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2001377B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1096925B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7807384A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO149859C (en) |
| OA (1) | OA06005A (en) |
| RO (1) | RO83822B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1090264A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3025383C2 (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-05-13 | Th. Goldschmidt Ag, 4300 Essen | Use of mixtures of betaines or amine oxides and polyoxyethylene esters of naphthenic acids in oil production |
| US4370243A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1983-01-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Oil recovery by surfactant-alcohol waterflooding |
| US4479894A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1984-10-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Oil recovery by surfactant-alcohol waterflooding |
| US4502540A (en) * | 1981-06-01 | 1985-03-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Tertiary oil recovery |
| DE3143362A1 (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1983-05-11 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Use of sulphitobetaines as bactericides against sulphate-reducing bacteria |
| DE3265256D1 (en) * | 1981-10-22 | 1985-09-12 | Basf Ag | Application of amine-sulphur-dioxide adducts and sulfitobetaines as bactericides against sulfate reducing bacteria |
| DE3431414A1 (en) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-02-27 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | MOBILITY CONTROL OF GAP, SLOT OR PORE FLOWS |
| US4976315A (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1990-12-11 | Texaco Inc. | Use of taurine additives in enhanced oil recovery with anionic surfactants |
| US5376397A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-12-27 | Kraft General Foods, Inc. | Microemulsions of oil and water |
| US7220709B1 (en) | 1999-08-26 | 2007-05-22 | Bj Services Company | Process of diverting stimulation fluids |
| US6509301B1 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2003-01-21 | Daniel Patrick Vollmer | Well treatment fluids and methods for the use thereof |
| US6432885B1 (en) | 1999-08-26 | 2002-08-13 | Osca, Inc. | Well treatment fluids and methods for the use thereof |
| WO2001077252A2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Wellbore fluids and their application |
| WO2001083946A1 (en) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-11-08 | Trican Well Service Ltd. | Fracturing fluid |
| WO2008001049A1 (en) | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-03 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Wellbore fluid |
| MX346963B (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2017-03-07 | Inst Mexicano Del Petróleo | Process for preparing a micro emulsion for improving the flow of heavy hydrocarbons. |
| US11084972B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2021-08-10 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Surface charge modified nanosurfactants for reduced retention by reservoir rock |
| US11066914B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2021-07-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Foam from low cost petroleum sulfonate surfactants for fracturing along with wettability alteration |
| US11078405B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2021-08-03 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | 3 in 1 foam formulation for enhanced oil recovery including conformance control, ultra-low interfacial tension, and wettability alteration |
| CA3055130A1 (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-13 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Nanosurfactants for improved and enhanced oil recovery applications |
| US11066594B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2021-07-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Fluoropolymers to reduce retention of nanosurfactants to carbonate reservoir rock for applications in oil fields |
| CN113717008B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-10-14 | 四川鸿康科技股份有限公司 | Monoammonium phosphate anti-caking agent and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3275552A (en) * | 1963-04-23 | 1966-09-27 | Milchem Inc | Well treating composition and method |
| US3939911A (en) * | 1975-03-14 | 1976-02-24 | Texaco Inc. | Surfactant oil recovery process usable in high temperature formations containing water having high concentrations of polyvalent ions |
| US4008165A (en) * | 1975-03-14 | 1977-02-15 | Texaco Inc. | Surfactant oil recovery process usable in high temperature formations having high concentrations of polyvalent ions |
| DE2532469C3 (en) * | 1975-07-19 | 1978-10-12 | Institut Fuer Erdoelforschung, 3000 Hannover | Use of betaines in oil production |
| DE2600778C2 (en) * | 1976-01-10 | 1985-01-03 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Use of betaines in oil production |
| DE2600779C2 (en) * | 1976-01-10 | 1986-08-28 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Use of betaines |
-
1977
- 1977-07-08 FR FR7721093A patent/FR2396866B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-07-05 DE DE2829617A patent/DE2829617C2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-07-05 GB GB787828866A patent/GB2001377B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-07-06 RO RO94583A patent/RO83822B/en unknown
- 1978-07-06 JP JP8249078A patent/JPS5437002A/en active Pending
- 1978-07-06 OA OA56555A patent/OA06005A/en unknown
- 1978-07-07 NO NO782390A patent/NO149859C/en unknown
- 1978-07-07 SU SU782640396A patent/SU1090264A3/en active
- 1978-07-07 NL NL7807384A patent/NL7807384A/en unknown
- 1978-07-07 BR BR7804406A patent/BR7804406A/en unknown
- 1978-07-07 DK DK783064A patent/DK306478A/en unknown
- 1978-07-07 BE BE189137A patent/BE868821A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-07 CA CA307,003A patent/CA1106587A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-07-10 IT IT25480/78A patent/IT1096925B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7825480A0 (en) | 1978-07-10 |
| OA06005A (en) | 1981-06-30 |
| JPS5437002A (en) | 1979-03-19 |
| GB2001377A (en) | 1979-01-31 |
| RO83822B (en) | 1984-04-30 |
| NL7807384A (en) | 1979-01-10 |
| CA1106587A (en) | 1981-08-11 |
| FR2396866B1 (en) | 1982-10-08 |
| FR2396866A1 (en) | 1979-02-02 |
| BR7804406A (en) | 1979-03-13 |
| NO149859C (en) | 1984-07-04 |
| SU1090264A3 (en) | 1984-04-30 |
| NO782390L (en) | 1979-01-09 |
| DE2829617A1 (en) | 1979-01-18 |
| RO83822A (en) | 1984-04-02 |
| DE2829617C2 (en) | 1982-02-11 |
| GB2001377B (en) | 1982-01-20 |
| DK306478A (en) | 1979-01-09 |
| IT1096925B (en) | 1985-08-26 |
| BE868821A (en) | 1978-11-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| NO149859B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR SECONDARY EXTRACTION OF PETROLEUM FROM AN UNDERGRADUAL FORM CONTAINING WATER WITH HIGH SALT CONTENT | |
| CA1078160A (en) | Aqueous anionic surfactant systems | |
| US3943160A (en) | Heat-stable calcium-compatible waterflood surfactant | |
| US9862877B2 (en) | Alkyl hydrophobe surfactants | |
| WO1993004265A1 (en) | Method and composition for enhanced oil recovery | |
| US4537253A (en) | Micellar slug for oil recovery | |
| US4013569A (en) | Aqueous anionic surfactant systems containing aromatic ether polysulfonates | |
| US4733728A (en) | Micellar slug for oil recovery | |
| US4036300A (en) | Micellar flooding process | |
| US20170334840A1 (en) | Large hydrophobe surfactants | |
| US4269271A (en) | Emulsion oil recovery process usable in high temperature, high salinity formations | |
| US3920073A (en) | Miscible flooding process | |
| US3675716A (en) | Heat-stable calcium-compatible waterflood surfactant | |
| GB2138866A (en) | Micellar slug for oil recovery | |
| US3578781A (en) | Clay treating and oil-wetting dispersion and method of use thereof | |
| US4460481A (en) | Surfactant waterflooding enhanced oil recovery process | |
| WO2019011965A1 (en) | Solubility enhancers on basis of allyl alcohol for aqueous surfactant formulations for enhanced oil recovery | |
| NO854753L (en) | PROPOXYLATED SURFACE ACTIVITIES FOR ASSISTED OIL EXTRACTION IN THE AREA BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW SALT CONTENTS. | |
| CA1077700A (en) | Alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate salts in oil recovery | |
| GB2232428A (en) | Surfactant composition | |
| US4556108A (en) | Micellar slug for oil recovery | |
| US4970007A (en) | Aqueous surfactant mixtures, and the use thereof in the recovery of crude oil | |
| EP0523112B1 (en) | Branched ether surfactants and their use in an enhanced oil recovery process | |
| NO764095L (en) | ||
| EP0523111B1 (en) | Branched ether surfactants and their use in an enhanced oil recovery process |