NO147030B - PROCEDURE FOR POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE IN Aqueous Suspension During Flushing of the Reactor Roof with Water - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE IN Aqueous Suspension During Flushing of the Reactor Roof with Water Download PDFInfo
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- NO147030B NO147030B NO762717A NO762717A NO147030B NO 147030 B NO147030 B NO 147030B NO 762717 A NO762717 A NO 762717A NO 762717 A NO762717 A NO 762717A NO 147030 B NO147030 B NO 147030B
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- polymerization
- vinyl chloride
- flushing
- reactor
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical class CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical class COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical class CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DSTWFRCNXMNXTR-WAYWQWQTSA-N dipropyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical class CCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCC DSTWFRCNXMNXTR-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 ethylene, propylene, butylene, vinyl ethyl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M pent-4-enoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl ethyl ether Natural products CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
- B01J19/0073—Sealings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
- B01J19/0066—Stirrers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F14/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F14/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F14/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F14/06—Vinyl chloride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00162—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for polymerisering av vinylklorid i vandig suspensjon, enten alene eller i en blanding som inneholder opptil 20% andre monomerer, under spylind av reaktortaket med vann, og det særegne ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen er at man når omdannelsen har nådd 15 - 25%, begynner å The present invention relates to a method for the polymerization of vinyl chloride in aqueous suspension, either alone or in a mixture containing up to 20% of other monomers, under flushing of the reactor roof with water, and the peculiarity of the method according to the invention is that when the conversion has reached 15 - 25%, starting to
spyle reaktortaket kontinuerlig med vann under et trykk på minst 15 kg/cm og fortsetter denne spyling under anvendelse av-minst 1000 liter vann pr. time inntil det er nådd en omdannelse på minst 40%, og etter avsluttet polymerisering fjernes avleiringer på reaktortaket mekanisk med vann under et trykk på minst 100 kg/cm . flush the reactor roof continuously with water under a pressure of at least 15 kg/cm and continue this flushing using at least 1,000 liters of water per hour until a conversion of at least 40% has been reached, and after completion of polymerization, deposits on the reactor roof are removed mechanically with water under a pressure of at least 100 kg/cm .
Disse trekk ved oppfinnelsen fremgår av patentkravet. These features of the invention appear in the patent claim.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører således en fremgangsmåte for å fjerne skorpedannelser fra de deler som er i kontakt med den gassformede fase i reaktorer for polymerisering av vinylklorid i suspensjon, enten alene eller i blanding med andre monomerer. The present invention thus relates to a method for removing crust formations from the parts that are in contact with the gaseous phase in reactors for polymerization of vinyl chloride in suspension, either alone or in a mixture with other monomers.
Det er kjent at et av de største problemer ved polymerisering av vinylklorid i suspensjon, enten alene eller i blanding med andre monmerer, skyldes skorpedannelser av polymer som avsettes på reaktorveggene og som, hvis de ikke fjernes forurenser de etterfølgende produktporsjoner. Fjernelsen hva enten denne skjer manuelt eller mekanisk med vann under høyt trykk, krever i alle fall at reaktoren åpnes og rengjøringen krever tidsrom på en time eller mer. It is known that one of the biggest problems in the polymerization of vinyl chloride in suspension, either alone or in admixture with other monomers, is due to crust formations of polymer which are deposited on the reactor walls and which, if not removed, contaminate the subsequent product portions. The removal, whether this is done manually or mechanically with water under high pressure, in any case requires that the reactor be opened and the cleaning requires a period of an hour or more.
Det er fremsatt mange forslag til løsning av problemer med skorpedannelse på veggene av reaktorer som er i kontakt med væskefasen og det er også foreslått spesifikke bland-inger som forhindrer avsetningen og nødvendiggjør renseoperasjoner først etter et titall porsjoner. Many proposals have been put forward to solve problems with crust formation on the walls of reactors that are in contact with the liquid phase, and specific mixtures have also been proposed that prevent the deposit and necessitate cleaning operations only after a dozen portions.
Ved den fremgangsmåte som er omhandlet i DE-OS 2 239 942 blir det under hele polymerisasjonen kontinuerlig inn-sprøytet vann, noe som til tross for høye energitap bare fører til en mindre forbedring av avsetningene. Ved pulserende innsprøyting av vann kunne man tidligere redusere de nødvendige vannmengder, men reaktortemperaturen ble stadig påvirket og dette førte til styringsvanskelig-heter for polymerisasjonsanlegget. Den erkjennelse som ligger til grunn for den foreliggende oppfinnelse er det overraskende forhold at det ved en kontinuerlig spyling med vann under lavt trykk under et forholdsvis kort poly-merisas jonstidsrom bare ble dannet små avsetninger, som deretter lett kunne fjernes ved hjelp av det allerede foreliggende vanntilførselsanlegg. En slik fremgangsmåte gir såleldes både fordelene med den kontinuerlige spyling med dermed følgende bedre styrbarhet av anlegget og fordelene ved den pulserende arbeidsmåte, samt mindre vann-forbruk . In the method described in DE-OS 2 239 942, water is continuously injected during the entire polymerization, which, despite high energy losses, only leads to a minor improvement of the deposits. By pulsating injection of water, the necessary water quantities could previously be reduced, but the reactor temperature was constantly affected and this led to control difficulties for the polymerization plant. The realization that forms the basis of the present invention is the surprising fact that during a continuous flushing with water under low pressure during a relatively short polymerization period only small deposits were formed, which could then be easily removed with the help of the already available water supply system. Such a method thus provides both the advantages of the continuous flushing with the resulting better controllability of the system and the advantages of the pulsating working method, as well as less water consumption.
Tendensen til å utnytte reaktorene til det ytterste (høye fyllefaktorer, kraftig omrøring, høye destillasjonshastig-heter for fjernelse av restmonomer, etc.) har forsterket problemet ved at tendensen til en mer intens økning av skum og spruting, som avsetter polymeren på reaktortaket, er øket. Etter et fåtall porsjoner begynner dysene å bli tilstoppet,, med den fare at store klumper av polymer løsner og hindrer tømmingen, slik at tettheten av bunnventilene ikke lenger sikres.. Den korrekte gjennomføring av fylling og tømming settes i fare og sikkerheten for reaktoren under polymeriseringen kan nedsettes. The tendency to use the reactors to the limit (high filling factors, vigorous stirring, high distillation rates for the removal of residual monomers, etc.) has intensified the problem in that the tendency for a more intense increase in foaming and splashing, which deposits the polymer on the reactor roof, is increased. After a few portions, the nozzles begin to become clogged, with the risk that large lumps of polymer loosen and prevent emptying, so that the tightness of the bottom valves is no longer ensured. The correct implementation of filling and emptying is put at risk and the safety of the reactor during polymerization can be decreased.
Samlet vil skorpedannelse på reaktortaket ofte opptre uavhengig av om det anvendes en anti-skorpedannende blanding for å gjøre åpning av reaktoren nødvendig så sjelden som mulig. Overall, crust formation on the reactor roof will often occur regardless of whether an anti-scaling mixture is used to make opening the reactor necessary as rarely as possible.
Ved oppfinnelsen er det ikke lenger nødvendig å åpne reaktoren for visuell inspeksjon av reaktortaket for mulig fjernelse av skorpedannelse ved polymerisering av hver por-sjon hvis det under reaksjonen gjennomføres en kontinuerlig spyling av reaktortaket med vann under et trykk på minst 15 kg/cm 2 og hvis en slik operasjon etterfølges av en spyling (f.eks. under tømmingen av porsjonen og ellers når autoklaven er lukket) med vann under et trykk på minst 100 kg/cm . With the invention, it is no longer necessary to open the reactor for visual inspection of the reactor roof for possible removal of crust formation during polymerization of each portion if, during the reaction, a continuous flushing of the reactor roof with water is carried out under a pressure of at least 15 kg/cm 2 and if such an operation is followed by a flush (e.g. during the emptying of the portion and otherwise when the autoclave is closed) with water under a pressure of at least 100 kg/cm .
Hvis spylingen begynner når omdannelsesgraden er mellom If the flushing starts when the degree of conversion is between
15 og 25% og med en strømningshastighet på minst 1000 15 and 25% and with a flow rate of at least 1000
liter pr. time, og fortsettes inntil omdannelsesgraden har nådd minst 40%, tillates dannelse av bare lette skorper som uten vanskelighet kan fjernes med vann under et høyt trykk både med hensyn til tømmingen og tettheten av bunnventilen. liters per hour, and continued until the degree of conversion has reached at least 40%, the formation of only light crusts is allowed which can be removed without difficulty with water under a high pressure both with regard to the emptying and the tightness of the bottom valve.
Renseoperasjoner som begynnes når omdannelsesgraden er over 25% forhindrer ikke dannelse av lokale skorpedannelser i form av store klumper, og for tidlige operasjoner byr ikke på noen fordel i og med at det reduserte tilgjengelige fri volum med de vanlige industrielle porsjoner ikke tillater opprettholdelse av den krevede strømningshastighet for vannet. Cleaning operations that begin when the degree of conversion is above 25% do not prevent the formation of local crust formations in the form of large lumps, and premature operations do not offer any advantage in that the reduced available free volume with the usual industrial portions does not allow the maintenance of the required flow rate of the water.
De etterføglende operasjoner med vann under et høyt trykk er absolutt nødvendige for å forhindre de lette resterende skorpedannelser fra å bli tykkere ettersom de etter-følgende porsjoner innfylles. På den annen hånd vil spyling med vann alene, gjennomført under hele reaksjonstiden, bare være i stand til permanent å forhindre avsetningen av polymeren når man arbeider med porsjoner med en lav fyllingsfaktor, sakte omrøring o.l., dvs. ved polymerisasjonsprosesser som er av liten industriell viktighet. The subsequent operations with water under a high pressure are absolutely necessary to prevent the light remaining crusts from thickening as the subsequent portions are filled. On the other hand, flushing with water alone, carried out during the entire reaction time, will only be able to permanently prevent the deposition of the polymer when working with portions with a low filling factor, slow stirring, etc., i.e. in polymerization processes of little industrial importance .
De etterfølgende eksempler illustrerer oppfinnelsen og nødvendigheten av den samtidige tilpassing av de angjeld-ende forholdsregler. The following examples illustrate the invention and the necessity of the simultaneous adaptation of the relevant precautions.
EKSEMPEL 1 EXAMPLE 1
En autoklav på 25 m <3> utstyrt med en røreverk og en Pfaudler antiplaskeinnretning, ble fyllt til 70% av volumet med et forhold mellom vann og vinylklorid på 1:1 og omrørt med en hastighet på 120 omdreininger pr. minutt. A 25 m autoclave <3> equipped with an agitator and a Pfaudler anti-splash device was filled to 70% of its volume with a ratio of water to vinyl chloride of 1:1 and stirred at a speed of 120 rpm. minute.
Taket ble spylt under hele reaksjonstiden med en hastighet på 1000 liter pr. time vann under et trykk på 20 kg/cm 2. The roof was flushed during the entire reaction time at a rate of 1,000 liters per hour of water under a pressure of 20 kg/cm 2.
Den endelige fylling har vært så høy som 90%. Ved full-ført reaksjon var taket fullstendig rent og var også fullstendig rent under de etterfølgende porsjoner. The final filling has been as high as 90%. When the reaction was complete, the roof was completely clean and was also completely clean during the subsequent portions.
E KSEMPEL 2 EXAMPLE 2
Samme autoklav som i eks. 1 ble fylt til 90% med samme forhold mellom vann og en 85/15 blanding av vinylklorid og vinylacetat. Etter spyling av taket med vann under et trykk på 25 kg/cm 2, når omdannelsesgraden var fra 20 til 40%, ble det fjernet 3 kg skorper som var jevnt fordelt over hele overflaten. Same autoclave as in ex. 1 was filled to 90% with the same ratio of water to an 85/15 mixture of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. After flushing the roof with water under a pressure of 25 kg/cm 2 , when the degree of conversion was from 20 to 40%, 3 kg of crusts were removed which were evenly distributed over the entire surface.
I de etterfølgende porsjoner ble det gjennomført spyling med vann under et trykk på 300 kg/cm 2 under anvendelse av styrbare dyser. In the subsequent portions, flushing was carried out with water under a pressure of 300 kg/cm 2 using controllable nozzles.
Autoklavtaket var fullstendig rent og det forekom ingen vanskeligheter med hensyn til tømmingen og tettheten av bunnventilen. The autoclave roof was completely clean and there were no difficulties with regard to the emptying and tightness of the bottom valve.
EKSEMPEL 3 EXAMPLE 3
I samme autoklav som i de foregående eksempler, ble fyll-ingsfaktoren og forholdet mellom vann og vinylklorid holdt uforandret i forhold til eks. 2. In the same autoclave as in the previous examples, the filling factor and the ratio between water and vinyl chloride were kept unchanged compared to ex. 2.
Etter spyling av reaktortaket med vann under et trykk på After flushing the reactor roof with water under a pressure of
30 kg/cm 2 når omdannelsesgraden var fra 40 til 65% ble det samlet opp 10 kg skorper i form av grove klumper. 30 kg/cm 2 when the degree of conversion was from 40 to 65%, 10 kg of crusts were collected in the form of coarse lumps.
Spyling under etterfølgende porsjoner med vann under et trykk på 350 kg/cm 2 førte til samlet fjernelse av skorpene men førte til betraktelig forlengelse av tømmetidene slik at en manuell operasjon var nødvendig for å fjerne polymeren som tilstoppet bunnventilen. Flushing with subsequent portions of water under a pressure of 350 kg/cm 2 resulted in total removal of the crusts but led to considerable prolongation of the emptying times so that a manual operation was necessary to remove the polymer which clogged the bottom valve.
Den ovenfor beskrevne metode kan anvendes uten begrensning for autoklaver av en hvilken som helst størrelse i indu-strien og alle sammensetninger kjent for industriell praksis, omfattende den som er gjennomført i forbindelse med tidligere foreslåtte metoder for å bekjempe tilsmussing. The method described above can be used without limitation for autoclaves of any size in the industry and all compositions known to industrial practice, including that carried out in connection with previously proposed methods to combat fouling.
Oppfinnelsen kan anvendes i forbindelse med polymerisering av vinylklorid, enten alene eller i blanding med andre monomerer som inneholder 20% eller mindre komonomer idet komonomerene er dem som er vel kjent for fagmannen ved at de kan kopolymeriseres med vinylklorid. F.eks. kan det nevnes vinylidenklorid, vinylacetat, vinylbutyrat, metyl-akrylater og -metakrylater, butylaktrylater og -metakrylater, isooktylaktrylater og -metakrylater, dietyl- og dipropyl-maleater og -fumarater, styren, etylen, propylen, butylen, vinyletyleter, allylacetat, diallylftalat, diallylmaleat, akrylnitril, metakrylnitril og andre. The invention can be used in connection with the polymerization of vinyl chloride, either alone or in a mixture with other monomers containing 20% or less comonomer, the comonomers being those that are well known to the person skilled in the art in that they can be copolymerized with vinyl chloride. E.g. mention may be made of vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, methyl acrylates and methacrylates, butyl acrylates and methacrylates, isooctyl acrylates and methacrylates, diethyl and dipropyl maleates and fumarates, styrene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, vinyl ethyl ether, allyl acetate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl maleate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and others.
Når det som er beskrevet ovenfor gjennomføres i praksis er det nødvendig å huske på noe forholdsregler som tar sikte på å utnytte til det ytterste de virkninger som skriver seg fra spylingen og vaskingen med vann uten å forstyrre den korrekte gjennomføring av reaksjonen. When what has been described above is carried out in practice, it is necessary to bear in mind some precautions which aim to make the most of the effects resulting from the flushing and washing with water without disturbing the correct execution of the reaction.
Faste innstallasjoner som spyler mot det indre av autoklaven kan f.eks. være rettet mot det foretrukne sted for oppbygging av polymerskorper, men dette kan betraktelig redusere effektiviteten av spyle- og vaske-behandlingen. Bevegelige installasjoner bør således anvendes, av den type som er avbildet i den vedføyde figur, hvor vann (under enten lavt eller høyt trykk) strømmer gjennom den hule akse 1 og rettes mot autoklavtaket 2 ved hjelp av dyser 3 som er passende dimensjonert og orientert, når systemet er senket ned i det indre av autoklaven. Fixed installations that flush towards the interior of the autoclave can e.g. be aimed at the preferred site for build-up of polymer crusts, but this can considerably reduce the effectiveness of the flushing and washing treatment. Movable installations should thus be used, of the type depicted in the attached figure, where water (under either low or high pressure) flows through the hollow shaft 1 and is directed towards the autoclave roof 2 by means of nozzles 3 which are suitably sized and oriented, when the system is lowered into the interior of the autoclave.
Under inoperative betingelser sikrer en tettende pakning 4 mellom akselen og rørstussen 5 og konturen av den nedre ende av rørstussen en god tetning uten plasking fra auto-klaventaket. Under non-operational conditions, a sealing gasket 4 between the shaft and the pipe socket 5 and the contour of the lower end of the pipe socket ensures a good seal without splashing from the autoclave roof.
I tillegg vil den roterende bevegelse av akselen mulig-gjøre at den hele omkrets av autoklaven kan rammes av spylevannet. In addition, the rotating movement of the shaft will enable the entire circumference of the autoclave to be hit by the flushing water.
Størrelsen og orienteringen av dysene er en funksjon av operasjonen og egenskapene av vannet (for spyling under The size and orientation of the nozzles is a function of the operation and the characteristics of the water (for flushing under
2 2
et trykk på minst 15 kg/cm og spyling under et trykk på a pressure of at least 15 kg/cm and flushing under a pressure of
2 2
minst 100 kg/cm ). at least 100 kg/cm ).
Antallet og posisjonen for slike installasjoner er en funksjon av den indre anordning av autoklaven, anti-plaskeplater, kjølerør, akselen for røreinnretningen, temperaturmålere og alle de komponenter som kunne innvirke på vannstrålene. The number and position of such installations is a function of the internal arrangement of the autoclave, anti-splash plates, cooling pipes, the shaft of the agitator, temperature gauges and all the components that could affect the water jets.
I alle fall er installasjonene, uansett typen av tettende innretninger og den måte hvorpå de nødvendige bevegelser oppnås, gjenstand for vanlig konstruktørarbeid og er i alle fall karakterisert ved det forhold at vannet bringes til å strømme gjennom en hul aksel 1, som er aksialt roterbar, og vann strømmer ut gjennom dyser 3 som er passende orientert og konstruert. In any case, the installations, regardless of the type of sealing devices and the way in which the necessary movements are achieved, are the subject of ordinary constructor work and are in any case characterized by the fact that the water is made to flow through a hollow shaft 1, which is axially rotatable, and water flows out through nozzles 3 which are suitably oriented and constructed.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT26219/75A IT1044367B (en) | 1975-08-08 | 1975-08-08 | PROCEDURE FOR THE REMOVAL OF STAINS FROM PARTS IN CONTACT WITH THE GASEOUS PHASE IN SUSPENSION VINYL CHLORIDE POLYMERIZERS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO762717L NO762717L (en) | 1977-02-09 |
| NO147030B true NO147030B (en) | 1982-10-11 |
| NO147030C NO147030C (en) | 1984-09-07 |
Family
ID=11218967
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO762717A NO147030C (en) | 1975-08-08 | 1976-08-05 | PROCEDURE FOR POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL CHLORIDE IN Aqueous Suspension During Flushing of the Reactor Roof with Water |
Country Status (31)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5237990A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR211275A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT351256B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU506993B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE844978A (en) |
| BG (1) | BG33298A3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1083750A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH608507A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS209874B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD126262A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2635487C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK147423C (en) |
| EG (1) | EG12260A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES450917A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2320314A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1519359A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE44309B1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL50152A (en) |
| IN (2) | IN144224B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1044367B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU75552A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX3261E (en) |
| NL (1) | NL164869C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO147030C (en) |
| PH (1) | PH13287A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT65447B (en) |
| RO (1) | RO72240A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE429554B (en) |
| TR (1) | TR19096A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU39217B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA764470B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4058652A (en) * | 1976-02-10 | 1977-11-15 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Autorefrigeration process and apparatus |
| DE3637060C2 (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1999-02-04 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Device for spraying or injecting liquid into a container and its use |
| DE60016112T2 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2005-11-03 | Rohm And Haas Co. | Process for the purification of reactors |
| EP1471077A3 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2005-02-02 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for cleaning reactors |
| KR102075855B1 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2020-02-10 | 사솔 테크날러지 (프로프라이어터리) 리미티드 | Cleaning of process equipment |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2239942C3 (en) * | 1972-08-14 | 1988-02-11 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Process for the polymerization of vinyl chloride |
-
1975
- 1975-08-08 IT IT26219/75A patent/IT1044367B/en active
-
1976
- 1976-07-26 ZA ZA764470A patent/ZA764470B/en unknown
- 1976-07-28 IL IL50152A patent/IL50152A/en unknown
- 1976-07-28 IN IN1344/CAL/76A patent/IN144224B/en unknown
- 1976-07-30 AU AU16411/76A patent/AU506993B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-30 TR TR19096A patent/TR19096A/en unknown
- 1976-08-02 RO RO7687181A patent/RO72240A/en unknown
- 1976-08-04 YU YU01923/76A patent/YU39217B/en unknown
- 1976-08-04 CS CS765102A patent/CS209874B2/en unknown
- 1976-08-04 CA CA258,411A patent/CA1083750A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-04 IN IN1396/CAL/76A patent/IN144965B/en unknown
- 1976-08-04 BG BG033920A patent/BG33298A3/en unknown
- 1976-08-04 CH CH997376A patent/CH608507A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-08-05 NO NO762717A patent/NO147030C/en unknown
- 1976-08-05 FR FR7623965A patent/FR2320314A1/en active Granted
- 1976-08-05 GB GB32730/76A patent/GB1519359A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-05 IE IE1735/76A patent/IE44309B1/en unknown
- 1976-08-06 JP JP51093264A patent/JPS5237990A/en active Pending
- 1976-08-06 MX MX002139U patent/MX3261E/en unknown
- 1976-08-06 BE BE169636A patent/BE844978A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-08-06 LU LU75552A patent/LU75552A1/xx unknown
- 1976-08-06 AT AT585376A patent/AT351256B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-08-06 DE DE2635487A patent/DE2635487C3/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-06 DK DK355276A patent/DK147423C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-08-06 PT PT65447A patent/PT65447B/en unknown
- 1976-08-06 DD DD194234A patent/DD126262A5/xx unknown
- 1976-08-06 ES ES450917A patent/ES450917A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-06 SE SE7608867A patent/SE429554B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-08-06 AR AR264265A patent/AR211275A1/en active
- 1976-08-06 PH PH18769A patent/PH13287A/en unknown
- 1976-08-07 EG EG76485A patent/EG12260A/en active
- 1976-08-09 NL NL7608848.A patent/NL164869C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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