NO144772B - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF FLEGATIZER FOR R CASTABLE, ALUMINUM-CONTAINED HIGH-ENERGY EXPLOSION MIXTURE - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF FLEGATIZER FOR R CASTABLE, ALUMINUM-CONTAINED HIGH-ENERGY EXPLOSION MIXTURE Download PDFInfo
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- NO144772B NO144772B NO810824A NO810824A NO144772B NO 144772 B NO144772 B NO 144772B NO 810824 A NO810824 A NO 810824A NO 810824 A NO810824 A NO 810824A NO 144772 B NO144772 B NO 144772B
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- Prior art keywords
- castable
- tnt
- aluminum
- procedure
- flegatizer
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BNPSSFBOAGDEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N albuterol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CC(C)(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(CO)=C1.CC(C)(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(CO)=C1 BNPSSFBOAGDEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCSHACFHMFHFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene;2,4,6-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1NC([N+]([O-])=O)NC([N+]([O-])=O)N1.CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZCSHACFHMFHFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UPSVYNDQEVZTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene;1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UPSVYNDQEVZTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251729 Elasmobranchii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001398 aluminium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FTAFBCWHLFKBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene;1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane Chemical compound [Al].CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 FTAFBCWHLFKBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012169 petroleum derived wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019381 petroleum wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører et flegmatiseringsmiddel for støpbare, aluminiumholdige høyenergi-sprengstoffblandinger. The present invention relates to a phlegmatizing agent for castable, aluminium-containing high-energy explosive mixtures.
Energirike sprengstoffblandinger som kan formes ved stø-ping er velkjent fra teknikkens stand. Disse inneholder minst én eksplosiv komponent som har et passende smeltepunkt, hvilket gjør at den uten større risiko kan holdes flytende under støpe-operasjonen, samtidig som den tjener som matrise for de øvrige, ikke smeltbare, krystalline eller pulverformige eksplosive kom-ponenter . High-energy explosive mixtures which can be formed by casting are well known from the state of the art. These contain at least one explosive component that has a suitable melting point, which means that it can be kept liquid during the casting operation without much risk, while at the same time it serves as a matrix for the other, non-fusible, crystalline or powdery explosive components.
Trinitrotoluen (TNT), som har smeltepunkt på ca. 80°C, er Trinitrotoluene (TNT), which has a melting point of approx. 80°C, is
i utstrakt bruk til ovennevnte formål, men da dette eksplosiv, etter moderne tekniske begreper, har relativt begrensede eksplosive egenskaper, foretrekkes for mer krevende formål betydelige tilsetninger av sterkere, faste, krystalline høyeksplosiver. in extensive use for the above purposes, but as this explosive, according to modern technical terms, has relatively limited explosive properties, significant additions of stronger, solid, crystalline high explosives are preferred for more demanding purposes.
Således er sprengstoffblandinger med utgangspunkt i Thus, explosive mixtures are based on
Hexogen (RDX) eller Oktogen (HMX), innstøpt i TNT, i utstrakt bruk. Disse er særlig anvendelige når det kreves høy brisans, dvs. høy detonasjonshastighe.t., hvilket betinger god kutteeffekt. Dette er av stor betydning, f.eks. ved demolering av stålkon-struksjoner, rørledninger og, for militær bruk, i panserbrytende våpen. Slike eksplosiver betegnes eksempelvis Hexotol, Cyclotol, Composition B ("Comp. B"), og Oktol. Hexogen (RDX) or Octogen (HMX), embedded in TNT, in widespread use. These are particularly applicable when high explosiveness is required, i.e. high detonation speed, which requires good cutting effect. This is of great importance, e.g. in the demolition of steel structures, pipelines and, for military use, in armor-piercing weapons. Such explosives are called, for example, Hexotol, Cyclotol, Composition B ("Comp. B"), and Oktol.
En ytterligere klasse av høyeksplosiver med endrede eksplosive egenskaper, f.eks. høy sprengeffekt, særlig under vann, A further class of high explosives with altered explosive properties, e.g. high blast effect, especially under water,
kan oppnås ved at aluminiumpulver tilsettes i de ovennevnte sprengstoffblandinger av type Hexotol resp. Oktol. Denne klasse betegnes i U.S.A. som "Aluminized Explosives", mens den i Europa har fellesbetegnelsen Hexotonal resp. Octonal, alt etter herkomst fra Hexogen eller Oktogen. Mer spesifikt er repre-sentanter for denne klasse kjent under slike benevnelser som Torpex, H-6, HBX-1, HBX-3, Hexotonal, SSM 8870 og HTA-3, sist-nevnte basert på HMX. Disse typer brukes særlig for militære formål så som fylling i granater og raketter, samt undervanns-miner, torpedoer etc. can be achieved by adding aluminum powder to the above-mentioned explosive mixtures of the type Hexotol or Octol. This class is designated in the U.S.A. as "Aluminized Explosives", while in Europe it has the common name Hexotonal resp. Octonal, according to origin from Hexogen or Octogen. More specifically, representatives of this class are known by such designations as Torpex, H-6, HBX-1, HBX-3, Hexotonal, SSM 8870 and HTA-3, the latter based on HMX. These types are used particularly for military purposes such as filling grenades and rockets, as well as underwater mines, torpedoes etc.
Følgende tabell viser sammensetningen av de hyppigst forekommende eksplosiver av ovennevnte type: The following table shows the composition of the most frequently occurring explosives of the above type:
Al-innholdet i disse typer varierer mellom 15 og 35 vekt%. The Al content in these types varies between 15 and 35% by weight.
Det er av betydning for bruken at smelting og støpefylling av de nevnte artikler ikke medfører overdreven sedimentasjon av de faste partikler. Det er derfor vanlig å tilsette hjelpemid-ler for å motvirke en slik tendens. Et spesielt produkt som er i alminnelig bruk i ovenstående Hexotonal-blandinger, og som også har sikkerhetsmessig gunstig virkning som flegmatiseringsmiddel, er kjent under betegnelsen "Composition D-2" også It is important for the use that melting and casting of the aforementioned articles does not lead to excessive sedimentation of the solid particles. It is therefore common to add aids to counteract such a tendency. A special product which is in general use in the above Hexotonal mixtures, and which also has a safety beneficial effect as a phlegmatizing agent, is known under the designation "Composition D-2" also
kalt "Comp. D-2" eller kort kun "D-2". Dette produkt har følgende sammensetning: Voks 84, nitrocellulose (NC) 14, lecitin 2, alt i vekt". called "Comp. D-2" or simply "D-2" for short. This product has the following composition: Wax 84, nitrocellulose (NC) 14, lecithin 2, all by weight".
Vanlig fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av "Comp. D-2" in-nebærer behov for tørring av NC og håndtering av den tørrede NC, hvilket medfører betydelige risikoproblémer. Fremgangsmåten består således i at voks og lecitin smeltes sammen ved 90°C, i en smeltekjel forsynt med røreverk, og tilsettes den tørrede NC. Deretter støpes produktet ut i egnet form hvor det stivner. The usual method for the production of "Comp. D-2" involves the need for drying the NC and handling the dried NC, which entails significant risk problems. The procedure thus consists in melting wax and lecithin together at 90°C, in a melting pot equipped with a stirrer, and adding the dried NC. The product is then cast into a suitable form where it hardens.
Tørr NC har en utpreget tendens til statisk elektrisk opp-ladning, og da produktet er særlig lett-antennelig, vil faren for brann og eksplosjon være uakseptabelt stor. Dry NC has a distinct tendency towards static electrical build-up, and as the product is particularly flammable, the risk of fire and explosion will be unacceptably high.
Formålet med foreliggende oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et flegmatiseringsmiddel inneholdende de bestanddeler som naturlig inngår i klassen av aluminiumholdige høyenergi-sprengstoffblandinger, "Hexotonaler", The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for the production of a phlegmatizing agent containing the components that naturally form part of the class of aluminium-containing high-energy explosive mixtures, "Hexotonals",
som omtalt ovenfor, men som ikke inneholder de risikomomen- as discussed above, but which do not contain the risk factors
ter som bruken av tørr NG medfører. ter that the use of dry NG entails.
Fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen består i at komponentene voks, lecitin og våt NC dispergeres i vann, i en reaktor med oppvarmningsinnretning og røreverk, samt at det tilsettes en tilstrekkelig mengde TNT til å flegmatisere tilstede-værende NC, samt muliggjøre dannelse av et homogent granulat. The method according to the invention consists in dispersing the components wax, lecithin and wet NC in water, in a reactor with a heating device and agitator, and adding a sufficient amount of TNT to phlegmatize the NC present, as well as enabling the formation of a homogeneous granule .
Det flegmatiseringsmiddel som fremstilles ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen vil således, for anvendelse i ovennevnte eksplosiver ved siden av alle bestanddeler i Comp.D-2, også inneholde TNT i hensiktsmessig mengde. Dette kan gjøres mulig ved at alle aktuelle, støpbare blandinger av aluminium-sprengstoffer skal inneholde TNT som en vesentlig komponent. The phlegmatizing agent produced by the method according to the invention will thus, for use in the above-mentioned explosives, next to all components in Comp.D-2, also contain TNT in an appropriate amount. This can be made possible by all relevant, castable mixtures of aluminum explosives having to contain TNT as an essential component.
Flegmatiseringsmidlet som fremstilles i henhold til oppfinnelsen kan betegnes "Modifisert D-2" og vil fortrinnsvis ha følgende sammensetning: The phlegmatizing agent produced according to the invention can be called "Modified D-2" and will preferably have the following composition:
Herav fremgår at det nye flegmatiseringsmiddel også kan fremstilles uten voks, når spesielle grunner tilsier dette. This shows that the new phlegmatizing agent can also be produced without wax, when special reasons dictate this.
I det følgende skal det bringes eksempler som illustre- In the following, examples will be given to illustrate
rer oppfinnelsen. rer the invention.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
Til en 10 liters reaktor, med tempererihgs- og røremulig-heter, ble det tilsatt 3 liter vann som ble oppvarmet til 80°C under røring ved 580-640 o.p.m. Hertil ble satset følgende: To a 10 liter reactor, with tempering and stirring options, 3 liters of water were added and heated to 80°C with stirring at 580-640 rpm. The following were invested in:
823 g TNT iflg. tysk TL-1376-801 823 g TNT according to German TL-1376-801
29 g NC, tørrtenkt, fuktet lakk-type 1/2 sek. 29 g NC, dry-thought, wetted lacquer-type 1/2 sec.
4 g lecitin ifølg. U.S. Spee. MiL-L-3061 4 g of lecithin according to U.S. Spee. MiL-L-3061
144 g petroleumvoks, smp. 86°C, type H 129, iflg. 144 g petroleum wax, m.p. 86°C, type H 129, acc.
U.S. Spee. Mil.-W-20553. U.S. Spee. Mil.-W-20553.
Under vokstilsetningen ble temperaturen hevet til 86°C og holdt der 10 minutter, og så-senket til 40°C. Det dannede granulat, totalt 1 kg, ble filtrert og tørret. During the wax addition, the temperature was raised to 86°C and held there for 10 minutes, and then lowered to 40°C. The granules formed, a total of 1 kg, were filtered and dried.
Dette produkt inneholder, foruten TNT, samtlige bestanddeler som normalt utgjør flegmatiseringsmidlet "Comp.D-2" og i rik-tig innbyrdes forhold. This product contains, apart from TNT, all the components that normally make up the phlegmatizing agent "Comp.D-2" and in the right proportions.
Granulatet, som har følgende sammensetning i vekt: The granulate, which has the following composition by weight:
82,3 % TNT, 14,4 % voks, 2,9 % NC og 0,4 % lecitin, er egnet til satsing i smeltekjel sammen med normal handelsvare "Comp.B" 60/40+1 (RDX/TNT + voks) og Al-pulver brukt på tradisjonell vis. Produktet erstatter følgelig "Comp.D-2" samt den tilleggsmengde TNT som er nødvendig for tradisjonell fremstilling av ovennevnte Hexotonal. 82.3% TNT, 14.4% wax, 2.9% NC and 0.4% lecithin, is suitable for investment in melting pot together with normal commercial product "Comp.B" 60/40+1 (RDX/TNT + wax ) and Al powder used in the traditional way. The product therefore replaces "Comp.D-2" as well as the additional amount of TNT required for the traditional production of the above-mentioned Hexotonal.
Resept for ovennevnte SSM-8870 blir i dette tilfelle: In this case, the prescription for the above-mentioned SSM-8870 is:
24,3 vekti granulat TNT/NC/L/Voks 24.3 weight in granules TNT/NC/L/Wax
51,9 vekt% "Comp.B" 51.9 wt% "Comp.B"
23,8 vekt% aluminiumpulver. 23.8 wt% aluminum powder.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
Til en 1500 liters reaktor med oppvarmnings- og røremulig-heter satses 500 liter vann som oppvarmes til 85°C. Hertil satses følgende: 500 liters of water heated to 85°C are added to a 1,500 liter reactor with heating and stirring facilities. In addition, the following are invested in:
Fremgangsmåten ble utført som beskrevet i eksempel 1. Produktet bestod av et homogent, kuleformet granulat som, selv etter 3 måneders normal lagring på fiberfat å 50 kg, beholder sin granulatform. The procedure was carried out as described in example 1. The product consisted of a homogeneous, spherical granule which, even after 3 months of normal storage in fiber drums of 50 kg, retains its granule shape.
Ovennevnte produkt, "Modifisert D-2/TNT=l:2" brukes til produksjon av minesprengstoff SSM 8870 med følgende innvei-ninger: The above product, "Modified D-2/TNT=1:2" is used for the production of mine explosive SSM 8870 with the following weights:
Eksempel 3 Example 3
I en 1500 liters reaktor, som- ovenfor, satses 300 liter vann som oppvarmes til 85°C. Hertil satses: . In a 1,500 liter reactor, as above, 300 liters of water are placed and heated to 85°C. In addition, we invest in: .
Etter smelting av TNT fortsettes den kraftige røring i After melting the TNT, the vigorous stirring is continued
10 minutter, hvoretter det hele avkjøles til 40°C og granulatet frafiltreres og tørres. 10 minutes, after which the whole is cooled to 40°C and the granules are filtered off and dried.
Ovennevnte produkt er brukt sammen med "Spesial-Hexal" som, ved siden av RDX og Al-pulver, inneholder den nødvendige voks-mengde som kreves ifølge totalresepten for minesprengstoffet SSM 88.70. The above product is used together with "Special-Hexal" which, in addition to RDX and Al powder, contains the required amount of wax required according to the total recipe for the mine explosive SSM 88.70.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO810824A NO144772C (en) | 1981-03-11 | 1981-03-11 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF FLEGATIZER FOR R CASTABLE, ALUMINUM-CONTAINED HIGH-ENERGY EXPLOSION MIXTURE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO810824A NO144772C (en) | 1981-03-11 | 1981-03-11 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF FLEGATIZER FOR R CASTABLE, ALUMINUM-CONTAINED HIGH-ENERGY EXPLOSION MIXTURE |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO810824L NO810824L (en) | 1981-07-27 |
| NO144772B true NO144772B (en) | 1981-07-27 |
| NO144772C NO144772C (en) | 1981-11-04 |
Family
ID=19885944
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO810824A NO144772C (en) | 1981-03-11 | 1981-03-11 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF FLEGATIZER FOR R CASTABLE, ALUMINUM-CONTAINED HIGH-ENERGY EXPLOSION MIXTURE |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NO (1) | NO144772C (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-03-11 NO NO810824A patent/NO144772C/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO144772C (en) | 1981-11-04 |
| NO810824L (en) | 1981-07-27 |
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