NO144393B - COATS THAT PROTECT AGAINST CREATION OF AIR OR WATER VESSELS - Google Patents
COATS THAT PROTECT AGAINST CREATION OF AIR OR WATER VESSELS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO144393B NO144393B NO743663A NO743663A NO144393B NO 144393 B NO144393 B NO 144393B NO 743663 A NO743663 A NO 743663A NO 743663 A NO743663 A NO 743663A NO 144393 B NO144393 B NO 144393B
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- Prior art keywords
- coating
- ice
- polyurethane
- air
- silicone
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 silicon polyol Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001274613 Corvus frugilegus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000036848 Porzana carolina Species 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1693—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints as part of a multilayer system
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
- B63B59/04—Preventing hull fouling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår belegg som beskytter mot isdannelse på luftfartøy, idet belegget består av et polyurethan og har lav friksjonskoeffisient mot is eller vann ved eller under vannets frysetemperatur. Ved hjelp av et slikt på fartøy-skrogene påført belegg nedsettes mulighetene for nedising av fartøyene. The invention relates to coatings that protect against ice formation on aircraft, as the coating consists of a polyurethane and has a low coefficient of friction against ice or water at or below the water's freezing temperature. With the help of such a coating applied to the vessel hulls, the possibilities for the vessels to de-ice are reduced.
Fra lang tid tilbake har mennesker vært utsatt for problemet med at vann fryser på fartøy og derved gjør det vanskelig eller umulig å manøvrere disse. Helt siden skip med metallskrog er blitt laget, har det vært ønskelig å anvende isbrytere for å kunne opprettholde skipstrafikken på elver, innsjøer eller andre vannveier for å forlenge transport-sesongen med skip. Dessverre har erfaring vist at under visse betingelser kan en isbryter nedises og fryse fast i isen og derved vanskelig utnyttes. From a long time ago, people have been exposed to the problem of water freezing on vessels, thereby making it difficult or impossible to maneuver them. Ever since ships with metal hulls have been made, it has been desirable to use icebreakers to be able to maintain ship traffic on rivers, lakes or other waterways in order to extend the transport season by ship. Unfortunately, experience has shown that under certain conditions an icebreaker can de-ice and freeze in the ice, making it difficult to use.
På lignende måte har det helt siden fly og beslektede overflate-til-luft-fartøyer, som luftputefartøyer, er blitt laget, oppstått problemer med nedising som har ført til en lang rekke tragedier på grunn av at fartøyet ikke lenger kunne holde den riktige høyde. Bruk av varmeapparater ned-lagt i gummi er et velkjent avisingsmiddel for fly. Similarly, ever since airplanes and related surface-to-air craft, such as hovercraft, have been created, problems with de-icing have occurred, leading to numerous tragedies due to the craft no longer being able to maintain proper altitude. The use of heaters encased in rubber is a well-known de-icing agent for aircraft.
Fra US patentskrift 2470772 er det kjent å redusere vedheftningen av is til overflaten av et gummimateriale som normalt er utsatt for isdannelsesbetingelser. Ifølge US patentskriftet anvendes i tilknytning til overflaten av gummimaterialet et flytende, polymert Silicon, slik at det på gummioverflaten fås en strekkbar, elastisk film som vil strekke seg sammen med gummimaterialet og motvirke vedheftning av is til dette. From US patent 2470772 it is known to reduce the adhesion of ice to the surface of a rubber material which is normally exposed to ice forming conditions. According to the US patent document, a liquid, polymeric Silicon is used in connection with the surface of the rubber material, so that a stretchable, elastic film is obtained on the rubber surface which will stretch together with the rubber material and counteract adhesion of ice to it.
En lignende løsning er beskrevet i US patentskrift 2471224 som angår et middel for å hindre isdannelse på overflater som må beskyttes mot slik isdannelse. Midlet omfatter en fleksibel, elastisk anordning av et gummimateriale som er beregnet for montering på overflaten som skal beskyttes mot isdannelse, og som kan utsettes for formendring for å bryte opp isen fra overflaten. En eksponert overflate av denne fleksible anordning omfatter et silicon slik av denne overflate vil motvirke vedheftning av is. A similar solution is described in US patent document 2471224 which relates to a means for preventing ice formation on surfaces that must be protected against such ice formation. The means comprises a flexible, elastic device of a rubber material which is intended for mounting on the surface to be protected against ice formation, and which can be subjected to a change of shape to break up the ice from the surface. An exposed surface of this flexible device comprises a silicon such that this surface will counteract the adhesion of ice.
I begge de ovennevnte US patentskrifter skal således siliconet som her virker som slippmiddel, påføres mekanisk på gummimaterialets overflate. Eventuelt kan siliconet også blandes med selve gummimaterialet. Siliconet vil derved være tilbøyelig til å utsondres fra gunmimaterialet eller til å In both of the above-mentioned US patents, the silicone, which here acts as a release agent, is to be mechanically applied to the surface of the rubber material. Optionally, the silicone can also be mixed with the rubber material itself. The silicone will thereby be inclined to excrete from the gunmi material or to
gå tapt fra dettes overflate. be lost from its surface.
For å hindre vedheftning av is til overflater er det To prevent adhesion of ice to surfaces it is
i US patentskrifter 3460981 og 3519229 foreslått å anvende silicon som sådant som slippmiddel, hvorved siliconet vil kunne slipes bort under bryting av is, eller å anvende siliconer eller polyurethaner som smøremiddel mellom beveg-bare deler (US patentskrift 3519229) . in US patent documents 3460981 and 3519229 it is proposed to use silicone as such as a release agent, whereby the silicone will be able to be ground away during breaking ice, or to use silicones or polyurethanes as a lubricant between movable parts (US patent document 3519229).
US patentskrift 3539658 angår et lufttørkende poly-urethanbelegningsmiddel som utgjøres av et organisk polyisocyanat blandet med en harpikslignende flerverdig alkohol som inneholder et kondensert organosiliciumharpiksmateriale. Det organiske polyisocyanat vil ved værelsetemperatur reagere med de funksjonelle grupper i den harpikslignende flerverdige alkohol, og belegningsmidlet påføres i form av en oppløs-ning i et inert organisk oppløsningsmiddel. Belegningsmidlet ifølge US patentskriftet er ment å fungere som maling som skal oppvise forbedret vedheftning til metalloverflater. US patent document 3539658 relates to an air-drying polyurethane coating agent which consists of an organic polyisocyanate mixed with a resin-like polyhydric alcohol containing a condensed organosilicon resin material. At room temperature, the organic polyisocyanate will react with the functional groups in the resin-like polyhydric alcohol, and the coating agent is applied in the form of a solution in an inert organic solvent. The coating agent according to the US patent document is intended to function as a paint which should exhibit improved adhesion to metal surfaces.
US patentskrift 3619628 angår en laminert gjenstand US patent document 3619628 relates to a laminated article
med en termoplastisk kjerne og stivt polyurethanskum med høy densitet direkte påført på kjernen. Slike stive polyurethaner ville ikke være egnede for å belegge et skip' som skal anvendes som isbryter, da polyurethanskummet ville smuldre bort og eroderes. with a thermoplastic core and high density rigid polyurethane foam directly applied to the core. Such rigid polyurethanes would not be suitable for coating a ship to be used as an icebreaker, as the polyurethane foam would crumble away and erode.
Det tas ved oppfinnelsen sikte på å tilveiebringe et belegg for fartøyer av den beskrevne type for derved å nedsette tilbøyeligheten til dannelse av isbelegg på disse mens de er i bruk og derved forbedre anvendbarheten av slike fartøy under vanskelige betingelser. The invention aims to provide a coating for vessels of the type described in order to thereby reduce the tendency for ice to form on these while they are in use and thereby improve the applicability of such vessels under difficult conditions.
Oppfinnelsen angår således belegg som beskytter mot isdannelse på luft- eller vannfartøy med en overflate innrettet for kontakt med vann ved eller under vannets frysetemperatur, og belegget er særpreget ved at det er 0,254-1,270 mm tykt og består av et polyurethan fremstilt fra et polyisocyanat og en polyol eller et polyamin sammen med et polycarbinolsilicon med formelen eller med formelen The invention thus relates to coatings that protect against ice formation on air or watercraft with a surface arranged for contact with water at or below the water's freezing temperature, and the coating is characterized by being 0.254-1.270 mm thick and consisting of a polyurethane made from a polyisocyanate and a polyol or a polyamine together with a polycarbinol silicon of the formula or of the formula
, hvori R er en alkylgruppe med 1-10 carbonatomer, R' er en alkylehgruppe med 1-10 carbonatomer, x er et tilstrekkelig stort helt tall til at siliconet har en molekylvekt på 600-2500, og y er 2 eller 3. , in which R is an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, R' is an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, x is a sufficiently large whole number for the silicone to have a molecular weight of 600-2500, and y is 2 or 3.
Oppfinnelsen vil bli nærmere beskrevet under henvisning til tegningen, hvor The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, where
fig. 1 er en perspektivskisse av en isbryter i isen og fig. 1 is a perspective sketch of an icebreaker in the ice and
fig. 2 et perspektivtverrsnitt tatt langs linjen 2-2 på fig.1. fig. 2 a perspective cross-section taken along the line 2-2 in fig.1.
Det fremgår av fig. 1 at skipet 1 beveger seg i et is-område 2. Vannet har ved skrogets overflate en temperatur ved eller under vannets frysetemperatur, og isbryteren har et belegg 3 som gjør det vanskeligere for isen å hefte til skroget og derved gjør det mulig for isbryteren å bevege seg fremover og bakover i råken med lavere energiforbruk, hvorved isbryteren lettere kan unngå å sette seg fast i isen. På lignende måte vil et slikt belegg 3 på et luftfartøy minske isdannelse på dette. It appears from fig. 1 that the ship 1 is moving in an ice area 2. The water at the surface of the hull has a temperature at or below the water's freezing temperature, and the icebreaker has a coating 3 that makes it more difficult for the ice to stick to the hull and thereby makes it possible for the icebreaker to move forwards and backwards in the rook with lower energy consumption, whereby the ice breaker can more easily avoid getting stuck in the ice. In a similar way, such a coating 3 on an aircraft will reduce the formation of ice on it.
Det fremgår av fig. 2 at skipets eller fartøyets metall er betegnet med 4 og at glide- eller antinedisingsbelegget 3 hefter fast til skipets metall. Ifølge den viste utfør-elsesform kan et bindebelegg 5 anvendes. Dette bindebelegg virker fortrinnsvis også som et barrierebelegg mot korrosjon på grunn av vann. Ifølge oppfinnelsen består glide- eller antinedisingsbelegget 3 av et polyurethan som fortrinnsvis inneholder et slippmiddel, som den nedenfor mer detaljert beskrevne siliconpolyol. Det er også i enkelte tilfeller ønskelig å anvende et bindebelegg 5, som det handelstil-gjengelige klebemiddel som selges under varemerket "Conap" 1146-C som er en luftherdnende epoxyharpiks. De handels-tilgjengelige polyurethanklebemidler av den såkalte FRP-type kan også anvendes, eller et isocyanatbelegg eller grunningsbelegg f.eks. på basis av epoxyharpiks eller vinylhar-piks kan også anvendes for å forbedre vedheftningen mellom glidebelegget 3 og metallet 4. It appears from fig. 2 that the ship's or vessel's metal is denoted by 4 and that the sliding or anti-fog coating 3 adheres firmly to the ship's metal. According to the embodiment shown, a binding coating 5 can be used. This binding coating preferably also acts as a barrier coating against corrosion due to water. According to the invention, the sliding or anti-fogging coating 3 consists of a polyurethane which preferably contains a release agent, such as the silicone polyol described in more detail below. It is also desirable in some cases to use a binding coating 5, such as the commercially available adhesive sold under the trademark "Conap" 1146-C, which is an air-curing epoxy resin. The commercially available polyurethane adhesives of the so-called FRP type can also be used, or an isocyanate coating or primer coating, e.g. on the basis of epoxy resin or vinyl resin can also be used to improve the adhesion between the sliding coating 3 and the metal 4.
I eksemplet er alle deler basert på vekt dersom intet annet er angitt. In the example, all parts are based on weight unless otherwise stated.
Eksempel Example
10,16 x 10,16 cm stålprøveplater med en tykkelse på 3,18 mm ble sandblåst og vasket med methylethylketon for å fjerne eventuell smuss, fett og rust fra deres overflater. De rene, tørre plater ble derefter påført et grunningsbelegg eller et bindebelegg. Materialet for bindebelegget ble på-ført med pensel og besto av et 0,0254-0,0508 mm tykt belegg av klebemidlet "Conap" 1146-C som er en luftherdnende epoxyharpiks. Bindebelegget ble tørket i 1 time ved værelsetemperatur. Derefter ble en rekke av de med bindebelegg for-synte stålprøveplater sprøytebelagt med forskjellige poly-urethanreaksjonsblandinger som beskrevet nedenfor. Det ble ved påsprøytingen påført et belegg med en tykkelse på ca. 0,508 mm på stålprøveplatenes overflate. Polyurethanbe-leggene ble herdet i 3 dager ved værelsetemperatur, hvorefter platene ble underkastet en friksjonsprøve mot glatt og kornet is og- en sli tasjeprøve ved at de ble anvendt som en del av en av kjevene for et malmknuseapparat hvortil is ble tilført, 10.16 x 10.16 cm steel test plates with a thickness of 3.18 mm were sandblasted and washed with methyl ethyl ketone to remove any dirt, grease and rust from their surfaces. The clean, dry sheets were then applied with a primer coat or a bond coat. The material for the bonding coating was applied with a brush and consisted of a 0.0254-0.0508 mm thick coating of the adhesive "Conap" 1146-C which is an air-curing epoxy resin. The binder coating was dried for 1 hour at room temperature. Then, a series of the bond-coated steel sample plates were spray-coated with different polyurethane reaction mixtures as described below. A coating with a thickness of approx. 0.508 mm on the surface of the steel test plates. The polyurethane coatings were cured for 3 days at room temperature, after which the plates were subjected to a friction test against smooth and grainy ice and a wear test by using them as part of one of the jaws of an ore crushing apparatus to which ice was added,
bare for å nevne noen av de prøver som stålprøvepanelene ble underkastet.- just to name a few of the tests to which the steel test panels were subjected.-
Det ble fremstilt en typisk polyurethanreaksjonsblanding for belegning av platene ved tilsetning av 18 deler siliconpolyol med en molekylvekt på ca. 800 og omfattende en polyol av et polydimethoxysilicon og 18 deler bisfenol-|3-epoxyharpiks. En forpolymer ble dannet ved å omsette 2 mol 4,4'-methylen-bis(cyclohexylenisocyanat) pr. mol polypropylen-etherdiol med en molekylvekt på 1000, hvorefter en blanding bestående av 123,6 deler av en 20 vekt%-ig oppløsning av iso-forondiamin i methylethylketon og 24 deler av en 10 vekt%-ig oppløsning av propylgallat i methylethylketon ble tilsatt. Stålprøveplaten ble sprøytebelagt straks efter at diaminet var blitt blandet med forpolymeren. Et ved påsprøyting på-ført polyurethanbelegg med den ovennevnte sammensetning hadde en strekkfasthet på 210,9 kp/cm og en forlengelse på 505%. Prøveplaten passerte isknusingsprøven (100 påmatninger i en mengde av 2,27 kg/s) i malmknuseapparatet og oppskrap-ingsprøven og hadde en statisk og dynamisk friksjonskoeffisient på under 0,1 og ble betraktet som tilfredsstillende for å belegge.en isbryter da polyurethanets kontaktvinkel med vann var meget høy. A typical polyurethane reaction mixture for coating the plates was prepared by adding 18 parts of silicon polyol with a molecular weight of approx. 800 and comprising a polyol of a polydimethoxysilicon and 18 parts bisphenol-|3-epoxy resin. A prepolymer was formed by reacting 2 mol of 4,4'-methylene-bis(cyclohexylene isocyanate) per mol of polypropylene etherdiol with a molecular weight of 1000, after which a mixture consisting of 123.6 parts of a 20% by weight solution of isophoronediamine in methyl ethyl ketone and 24 parts of a 10% by weight solution of propyl gallate in methyl ethyl ketone was added . The steel test plate was spray coated immediately after the diamine had been mixed with the prepolymer. A sprayed-on polyurethane coating with the above-mentioned composition had a tensile strength of 210.9 kp/cm and an elongation of 505%. The sample plate passed the ice crushing test (100 feeds at a rate of 2.27 kg/s) in the ore crusher and the scraping test and had a static and dynamic coefficient of friction of less than 0.1 and was considered satisfactory for coating an ice breaker when the contact angle of the polyurethane with water was very high.
Isbryteren ble satt i tørrdokk, sandblåst og renset for alt støv, fortrinnsvis ved børsting med en ketonbørste. Et grunningsbelegg av epoxyharpiks med marinekvalitet og med god motstandsdyktighet overfor korrosjon ble påført skroget, og derefter ble et polyurethan påsprøytet inntil det var dannet et polyurethanbelegg med den ønskede tykkelse av 0,254-1,270 mm, fortrinnsvis 0,254-0,762 mm, og dette belegg ble derefter tørket i luft i flere dager før isbryteren ble tatt ut fra tørrdokken. The icebreaker was put in dry dock, sandblasted and cleaned of all dust, preferably by brushing with a ketone brush. A primer coating of marine grade epoxy resin with good corrosion resistance was applied to the hull, and then a polyurethane was sprayed on until a polyurethane coating of the desired thickness of 0.254-1.270 mm, preferably 0.254-0.762 mm was formed, and this coating was then dried in air for several days before the icebreaker was taken out of the dry dock.
Det er en foretrukken utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen at andelen av polycarbinolsilicon anvendt som slippmiddel i det minste for yttersiden eller det siste belegg av polyurethan-elastomer påført på metallet er 0,5-10 vekt%, fortrinnsvis 4-9 vekt%. Det bør også bemerkes at en ennu mer foretrukken andel 'av polycarbinolsilicon anvendt som slippmiddel for i det minste det siste belegg når dette omfatter et polyetherurethan, er 4-6 vekt%. Vanligvis er det ønskelig med et ytterbelegg av polyesterurethan som inneholder 0,5-10 vekt%, fortrinnsvis 3-8 vekt% , av et polycarbinolsiliconslipp-middel for derved å oppnå de ønskede egenskaper i kontakt med isen, og at det neste eller siste belegg nær metallet består av et polyetherurethan sora f or trinnsvis inneholder mindre mengder av polycarbinolsiliconslippmidlet, f.eks. 0-6 vekt%, fortrinnsvis 1-5 vekt%. It is a preferred embodiment of the invention that the proportion of polycarbinol silicon used as release agent at least for the outer side or the last coating of polyurethane elastomer applied to the metal is 0.5-10% by weight, preferably 4-9% by weight. It should also be noted that an even more preferred proportion of polycarbinol silicon used as a release agent for at least the last coating when this comprises a polyether urethane is 4-6% by weight. Generally, it is desirable to have an outer coating of polyester urethane containing 0.5-10% by weight, preferably 3-8% by weight, of a polycarbinol silicone release agent in order to thereby achieve the desired properties in contact with the ice, and that the next or last coating close to the metal consists of a polyetherurethane sora f or gradually contains smaller amounts of the polycarbinol silicone release agent, e.g. 0-6% by weight, preferably 1-5% by weight.
De ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendbare polycarbinolsiliconer med de ovenstående formler er vanligvis dioler eller trioler og er fortrinnsvis forenelige med et materiale som inneholder reaktive hydrogenatomer, som polyetherpolyoler eller poly-esterpolyoler med 2-6 hydroxylgrupper. Deres molekylvekt er fortrinnsvis 800-1500, gruppen R er fortrinnsvis methyl-, ethyl- eller propylgruppen, helst methylgruppen, gruppen R' The polycarbinol silicones with the above formulas that can be used according to the invention are usually diols or triols and are preferably compatible with a material containing reactive hydrogen atoms, such as polyether polyols or polyester polyols with 2-6 hydroxyl groups. Their molecular weight is preferably 800-1500, the group R is preferably the methyl, ethyl or propyl group, preferably the methyl group, the group R'
er fortrinnsvis propylengruppen, og det gjennomsnittlige antall hydroxylgrupper tilsvarer fortrinnsvis antallet for et polycarbinolsilicon av dioltypen. is preferably the propylene group, and the average number of hydroxyl groups preferably corresponds to the number for a polycarbinol silicon of the diol type.
Et for anvendelse ifølge oppfinnelsen sterkt foretrukket polycarbinolsilicon har en molekylvekt på ca. 900, 2,48% COH-grupper, 72% silicon, beregnet som gruppen -SiO (CI^) 2~• og en egenvekt på 0,97. 3 vekt% av dette polycarbinolsilicon ble blandet med komponenten 1, dvs. en forpolymer og den erholdte blanding ble blandet med komponenten 2, dvs. et herdemiddel, straks før blandingen ble sprøytet på binde-eller grunningsbelegget på metallet eller på polyurethanbe-legget nær metallet inntil det ble erholdt et belegg med en tykkelse på 0,254 mm. Belegget herdes fortrinnsvis over natten ved en temperatur på 65°C. Kortere og lengre herde-tider kan anvendes avhengig av temperaturen. A highly preferred polycarbinol silicone for use according to the invention has a molecular weight of approx. 900, 2.48% COH groups, 72% silicon, calculated as the group -SiO (CI^) 2~• and a specific gravity of 0.97. 3% by weight of this polycarbinol silicone was mixed with component 1, i.e. a prepolymer and the resulting mixture was mixed with component 2, i.e. a hardener, immediately before the mixture was sprayed onto the bonding or primer coating on the metal or on the polyurethane coating close to the metal until a coating with a thickness of 0.254 mm was obtained. The coating is preferably cured overnight at a temperature of 65°C. Shorter and longer curing times can be used depending on the temperature.
En hvilken som helst av de velkjente polyurethanreak-sjonsblandinger kan anvendes for påføring av avisingsbelegget. De foretrukne belegg har en strekkfastnet på minst 105 kpC/bm<2 >og en forlengelse på 200%. De anvendbare polyurethaner frem-stilles vanligvis ved fortrinnsvis å omsette 1,5-5 mol av et organisk polyisocyanat med 1 mol av et materiale som inneholder reaktive hydrogenatomer og som har en molekylvekt på 1000-7000, og et herdemiddel av polyol- eller polyamintypen, som de .polyoler som har 2-4 hydroxylgrupper og 2-20 carbonatomer eller de organiske diaminer som har 2-20 carbonatomer. Som typiske eksempler på disse materialer kan nevnes butan-diol, ehtylenglycol, trimethylolpropan og methylendianilin. Any of the well-known polyurethane reaction mixtures can be used for application of the de-icing coating. The preferred coatings have a tensile strength of at least 105 kpC/bm<2> and an elongation of 200%. The usable polyurethanes are usually produced by preferably reacting 1.5-5 mol of an organic polyisocyanate with 1 mol of a material containing reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of 1000-7000, and a curing agent of the polyol or polyamine type, such as those polyols having 2-4 hydroxyl groups and 2-20 carbon atoms or the organic diamines having 2-20 carbon atoms. As typical examples of these materials can be mentioned butane-diol, ethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane and methylenedianiline.
Som typiske eksempler på organiske diisocyanater kan nevnes toluendiisocyanat eller "MDI" som er et aromatisk diisocyanat, 4,4'-methylen-di(cyclohexylenisocyanat), et cyclo-alifatisk diisocyanat, og hexylendiisocyanat, et alifatisk diisocyanat, og andre organiske diisocyanater som er velkjente innen polyurethanstøpe- og -oppskummingsteknikken. As typical examples of organic diisocyanates can be mentioned toluene diisocyanate or "MDI" which is an aromatic diisocyanate, 4,4'-methylene-di(cyclohexylene isocyanate), a cyclo-aliphatic diisocyanate, and hexylene diisocyanate, an aliphatic diisocyanate, and other organic diisocyanates which are well-known in the polyurethane molding and foaming technique.
Som typiske eksempler på materialer som inneholder reaktive hydrogenatomer kan nevnes polypropylenetherpoly-olene med 2-5 hydroxylgrupper og polyesterne av glycolene og polycarboxylsyrene eller -anhydridene med 2-20 carbonatomer . As typical examples of materials containing reactive hydrogen atoms, the polypropylene terpolyols with 2-5 hydroxyl groups and the polyesters of the glycols and the polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides with 2-20 carbon atoms can be mentioned.
Det er spesielt fordelaktig å anvende polyetherurethan over et første belegg av polyesterurethan. Som antydet ovenfor kan imidlertid polyetherurethanet eller polyester-urethanet anvendes sammen eller hver for seg. It is particularly advantageous to use polyether urethane over a first coating of polyester urethane. As indicated above, however, the polyether urethane or the polyester urethane can be used together or separately.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US41864573A | 1973-11-23 | 1973-11-23 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NO743663L NO743663L (en) | 1975-06-16 |
NO144393B true NO144393B (en) | 1981-05-11 |
NO144393C NO144393C (en) | 1981-08-19 |
Family
ID=23658984
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO743663A NO144393C (en) | 1973-11-23 | 1974-10-11 | COATS THAT PROTECT AGAINST CREATION OF AIR OR WATER VESSELS |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5083991A (en) |
AR (1) | AR206790A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1047332A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2449309A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK588374A (en) |
FI (1) | FI318174A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2252249B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1477055A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1023159B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7415199A (en) |
NO (1) | NO144393C (en) |
SE (1) | SE414503B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA746460B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8803458D0 (en) * | 1988-02-15 | 1988-03-16 | Int Paint Plc | Inhibition of marine fouling |
CA2204486A1 (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1997-11-06 | Richard Lawrence Rauckhorst Iii | Pneumatic deicing system with protection for super cooled large droplet ice |
ATE283976T1 (en) † | 1998-12-09 | 2004-12-15 | Aloys Wobben | SOUND REDUCTION OF A ROTOR BLADE FOR A WIND TURBINE |
ITMI20041541A1 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2004-10-28 | Fortunato Aldo | HULL OF BOATS |
US9090797B2 (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2015-07-28 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Method of mitigating ice build-up on a substrate |
US8765228B2 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2014-07-01 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Method of mitigating ice build-up on a substrate |
WO2013184424A1 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-12 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Coating for wind turbine rotor blades |
JP6616395B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2019-12-04 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Spray coating system components and methods including a repellent surface |
US9994325B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2018-06-12 | Goodrich Corporation | Polyether urethane deicer boots |
EP3368618B1 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2020-11-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Articles subject to ice formation comprising a repellent surface |
-
1974
- 1974-01-01 AR AR256239A patent/AR206790A1/en active
- 1974-10-07 CA CA210,862A patent/CA1047332A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-10-09 ZA ZA00746460A patent/ZA746460B/en unknown
- 1974-10-11 NO NO743663A patent/NO144393C/en unknown
- 1974-10-11 GB GB4418874A patent/GB1477055A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-10-16 DE DE19742449309 patent/DE2449309A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-10-30 FI FI3181/74A patent/FI318174A/fi unknown
- 1974-11-05 IT IT53868/74A patent/IT1023159B/en active
- 1974-11-12 DK DK588374A patent/DK588374A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-11-20 SE SE7414588-9A patent/SE414503B/en unknown
- 1974-11-21 NL NL7415199A patent/NL7415199A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-11-22 FR FR7438431A patent/FR2252249B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-11-22 JP JP49135024A patent/JPS5083991A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ZA746460B (en) | 1975-10-29 |
AU7418474A (en) | 1976-04-15 |
FR2252249A1 (en) | 1975-06-20 |
NO144393C (en) | 1981-08-19 |
SE7414588L (en) | 1975-05-26 |
IT1023159B (en) | 1978-05-10 |
SE414503B (en) | 1980-08-04 |
JPS5083991A (en) | 1975-07-07 |
AR206790A1 (en) | 1976-08-23 |
NO743663L (en) | 1975-06-16 |
DE2449309A1 (en) | 1975-05-28 |
FI318174A (en) | 1975-05-24 |
NL7415199A (en) | 1975-05-27 |
FR2252249B1 (en) | 1977-07-08 |
DK588374A (en) | 1975-07-14 |
CA1047332A (en) | 1979-01-30 |
GB1477055A (en) | 1977-06-22 |
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