NO139695B - PROCEDURE FOR COATING OF PAPER OR CARTON - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR COATING OF PAPER OR CARTON Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO139695B NO139695B NO1891/71A NO189171A NO139695B NO 139695 B NO139695 B NO 139695B NO 1891/71 A NO1891/71 A NO 1891/71A NO 189171 A NO189171 A NO 189171A NO 139695 B NO139695 B NO 139695B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- paper
- coating
- weight
- monomers
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methyl-4-oxopentan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 21
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 9
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkyl sulphates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)S YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940088990 ammonium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical compound OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromomethane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)Br HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]butyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000658379 Manihot esculenta subsp. esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQYBSWBIDNQNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N S(=O)(C1=CC=C(C=C1)N)(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1.[Na] Chemical compound S(=O)(C1=CC=C(C=C1)N)(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1.[Na] GQYBSWBIDNQNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001274 anti-cryptogamic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003165 hydrotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dodecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082004 sodium laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
- D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/60—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
- D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/58—Polymers or oligomers of diolefins, aromatic vinyl monomers or unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
Abstract
Fremgangsmåte for belegning av papir eller kartong.Procedure for coating paper or cardboard.
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte for belegning og impregnering av celluloseholdige materialer, særlig papir og papp eller for vevede eller ikke-vevede blandinger på basis av cellulose. The present invention relates to a method for coating and impregnating cellulose-containing materials, particularly paper and cardboard or for woven or non-woven mixtures based on cellulose.
Generelt består en beleggspasta, som er bestemt til å dekke papir, i det vesentlige av vandige dispersjoner av pigmenter og av et eller flere bindemidler. In general, a coating paste, which is intended to cover paper, essentially consists of aqueous dispersions of pigments and of one or more binders.
De pigmenter som går inn i blandingen av disse pastaer, kan være hvite pigmenter, slik som kaolin, kalsiumkarbonat, satinhvitt, litopon, titanoksyd, sinkoksyd eller fargede pigmenter, slik som ultramarinblå, kromoksydene, jernoksyder, kar-bonsort eller endelig organiske pigmenter, slik som ftalocyan-iner, azofargestoffer eller kypefargestoffer. The pigments that go into the mixture of these pastes can be white pigments, such as kaolin, calcium carbonate, satin white, lithopone, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, or colored pigments, such as ultramarine blue, chromium oxides, iron oxides, carbon black, or finally organic pigments, such as such as phthalocyanines, azo dyes or kype dyes.
De bindemidler som anvendtes til å begynne med, var ute-lukkende naturlige stoffer, slik som lim, kasein, stivelse, flytendegjort stivelse, dekstriner eller vegetabilske proteiner. De hadde mange oppgaver: gi beleggmassen en tilstrekkelig viskositet til at dens overflate skulle være kontinuerlig og jevn, tilbakeholde vann fra blandingen slik at denne ikke skulle gjennomfukte papiret i påføringsøyeblikket til tross for de kapillarkrefter som trekker det til seg til det indre av bæreren, sikre vedheng av partiklene i pigmentet seg imellom og til bæreren, idet de gir papiret et godt utseende og en tilstrekkelig motstandsevne mot 'vann og mot lakk som inneholdes i sverte, og endelig å gjøre absorbsjonen av sverte jevn for derved å The binders used at first were exclusively natural substances, such as glue, casein, starch, liquefied starch, dextrins or vegetable proteins. They had many tasks: give the coating mass a sufficient viscosity so that its surface should be continuous and smooth, retain water from the mixture so that it does not wet the paper at the moment of application despite the capillary forces that draw it to the interior of the support, ensure attachment of the particles of the pigment to each other and to the support, as they give the paper a good appearance and a sufficient resistance to water and to the varnish contained in the ink, and finally to make the absorption of the ink even, thereby
lette trykning. light printing.
Det er senere blitt funnet at visse dispersjoner av syntetiske kopolymerer i form av lateks, delvis kan erstatte naturlige bindemidler og gi belegg av en noe forbedret kvalitet. It has subsequently been found that certain dispersions of synthetic copolymers in the form of latex can partially replace natural binders and provide coatings of somewhat improved quality.
Anvendelsen av beleggblandinger på bakgrunn av kun naturlige bindemidler eller på basis av sammensatte bindemidler, The use of coating mixtures based on only natural binders or on the basis of composite binders,
slik som stivelse - lateks, byr på visse ulemper. such as starch - latex, offers certain disadvantages.
Svellingen eller oppløseliggjørelsen i vann av de naturlige kolloider er langvarig og vanskelig. Videre har de erholdte produkter ofte variable kvaliteter, og deres lagring er usikker da de lett angripes av mikroorganismer. Videre er det, når man tar hensyn til den håndtering som trengs for fremstill-ingen, vanskelig å anvende disse i automatiske anlegg. Videre har de erholdte belegg ofte en liten motstandsevne mot vann, The swelling or solubilization in water of the natural colloids is long and difficult. Furthermore, the products obtained often have variable qualities, and their storage is uncertain as they are easily attacked by microorganisms. Furthermore, when one takes into account the handling required for production, it is difficult to use these in automatic plants. Furthermore, the obtained coatings often have a low resistance to water,
er sprø og overfører til papiret den karakteristiske lukt av kas-ien eller stivelse. is brittle and transfers to the paper the characteristic smell of cassava or starch.
For å avhjelpe disse ulemper har man tenkt seg, i stedet for bindemiddel, bare å anvende helsyntetiske polymerer. Men ved fravær av naturlig kolloid, som er oppløselig i vann og istand til å bibeholde den vandige fase, har det vist seg vanskelig å regulere den mengde av denne som vandrer inn i det indre av papiret. Den vanlige lateks som ikke inneholder noen bestanddel som underkastes noen vesentlig svelling, har en tilbakeholdelseskraft for vann som er utilstrekkelig for denne anvendelse. In order to remedy these disadvantages, the idea has been to use fully synthetic polymers instead of binders. However, in the absence of natural colloid, which is soluble in water and capable of retaining the aqueous phase, it has proved difficult to regulate the amount of this which migrates into the interior of the paper. The ordinary latex which does not contain any component which undergoes any significant swelling has a water retention power which is insufficient for this application.
For å løse dette problem har det først og fremst vært foreslått, sammen med lateks, å anvende naturlige polymerer som er modifisert, eller syntetiske kopolymerer med høy molekylvekt, oppløselige i vann. Som eksempel kan nevnes visse derivater av cellulose, slik som karboksymetylcellulose, akrylko-polymerer som er oppløselige i vann eller visse polyvinylalko-holer. De belagte papirer som oppnås på denne måte, var karakterisert ved en meget god ensartethet uten merker eller sprekker. Imidlertid forblir tilbakeholdelseskraften for vann i den an-gjeldende pasta og motstandsevnen mot vann for det papir eller papp som var belagt, middelmådig. To solve this problem, it has primarily been proposed to use, together with latex, natural polymers which have been modified, or synthetic copolymers of high molecular weight, soluble in water. Examples include certain derivatives of cellulose, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylic copolymers which are soluble in water or certain polyvinyl alcohols. The coated papers obtained in this way were characterized by a very good uniformity without marks or cracks. However, the water retention power of the paste in question and the water resistance of the coated paper or paperboard remain mediocre.
Videre ble det foreslått blandinger av syntetiske latek-ser i de franske patenter nr. 1.425.907, 1.465.910, 1.510.289 Furthermore, mixtures of synthetic latexes were proposed in the French patents no. 1,425,907, 1,465,910, 1,510,289
og 1.517.589. Det spesielle ved disse blandinger var at en av lateksene var en kopolymer som virket som beskyttelseskol-loid og som var oppløselig ved nøytralisasjonspunktet. and 1,517,589. The special feature of these mixtures was that one of the latexes was a copolymer which acted as a protective colloid and which was soluble at the neutralization point.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse har til hensikt å avhjelp de mangler som medfølger teknikkens stand, og oppfinnelsen angår således en fremgangsmåte for belegning av papir eller kartong ved hjelp av en beleggspasta inneholdende kun ett bindemiddel, og denne fremgangsmåte karakteriseres ved at man som eneste bindemiddel benytter en vandig kopolymerdispersjon med en K-verdi mellom 40 og 120, og som fortykker i nærvær av et alkalisk middel uten å gi oppløsning, og inneholdende i kopolymerisert form: a) 10-87 vekt-% av en ester av akrylsyre med en alkohol inneholdende 1-4 karbonatomer, b) 87-10 vekt-% av en etylenisk monomer valgt blant vinylacetat, akrylnitril og styren, The present invention aims to remedy the shortcomings associated with the state of the art, and the invention thus relates to a method for coating paper or cardboard using a coating paste containing only one binder, and this method is characterized by the fact that an aqueous copolymer dispersion is used as the only binder with a K-value between 40 and 120, and which thickens in the presence of an alkaline agent without dissolving, and containing in copolymerized form: a) 10-87% by weight of an ester of acrylic acid with an alcohol containing 1-4 carbon atoms, b) 87-10% by weight of an ethylenic monomer chosen from vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile and styrene,
c) 3-12 vekt-% akrylsyre, c) 3-12% by weight acrylic acid,
d) 0-20 vekt-% av en eller flere monomerer valgt blant d) 0-20% by weight of one or more monomers selected from among
N-(hydroksymetyl)akrylamid, etylenglykolmonometakrylat, etylen-glykoldimetakrylat og diacetonakrylamid, N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide, ethylene glycol monomethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and diacetone acrylamide,
og hvor dispersjonens pH-verdi ligger mellom 2 og 5 og tørrstoffinnholdet mellom 30 og 60%, hvilken dispersjon er fremstilt ved kopolymerisering av monomerene i vandig fase ved en pH-verdi som går fra 2-7 i nærvær av 0,01-3% (beregnet på monomerenes totale vekt) av en polymeriseringskatalysator som gir frie radikaler og 0,5-5% (beregnet på monomerenes totale vekt) av et kjedeoverføringsmiddel. and where the dispersion's pH value is between 2 and 5 and the dry matter content between 30 and 60%, which dispersion is produced by copolymerization of the monomers in the aqueous phase at a pH value ranging from 2-7 in the presence of 0.01-3% (calculated on the total weight of the monomers) of a polymerization catalyst that gives free radicals and 0.5-5% (calculated on the total weight of the monomers) of a chain transfer agent.
Disse vandige dispersjoner har en sterk fortyknings-egenskap ved alkalisering, mens de forblir i en fullstendig dispergert form. These aqueous dispersions have a strong thickening property upon alkalization, while remaining in a fully dispersed form.
Kopolymerene kan erholdes ved kopolymerisering av monomerer i vandig emulsjon i nærvær av overflateaktive midler, The copolymers can be obtained by copolymerization of monomers in aqueous emulsion in the presence of surfactants,
ifølge kjente fremgangsmåter. according to known methods.
De overflateaktive midler som kan anvendes for kopolymerisering av monomerer i vandig emulsjon, kan ha anionisk eller ikke-ionisk karakter. Som eksempel kan nevnes alkali-alkylsulfater, slik som dodecylsulfater av ammonium, av natrium eller kalium, natriumdodecylpolyglykol-etersulfat og natrium-sulforicinat, alkylsulfonatene, slik som alkalisalter av sul-fonerte parafiner, fettsyresaltene, slik som natriumlaurat, -oleat eller abietat av trietanolamin, alkylarylsulfonatene, som natrium-dodecylbenzensulfonat eller alkalisu]fater av alkylfenyloksyetyl-ener. The surface-active agents that can be used for the copolymerization of monomers in aqueous emulsion can be anionic or non-ionic in nature. As examples, mention may be made of alkali alkyl sulphates, such as dodecyl sulphates of ammonium, of sodium or potassium, sodium dodecyl polyglycol ether sulphate and sodium sulphoricinate, the alkyl sulphonates, such as alkali salts of sulphonated paraffins, the fatty acid salts, such as sodium laurate, oleate or abietate of triethanolamine , the alkylarylsulfonates, such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate or alkali sulfates of alkylphenyloxyethylenes.
Som ikke-ioniske emulgatorer kan nevnes kondensajons-produkter av etylenoksyd med fettalkoholer, alkylfenoler, poly-propylenglykoler, således som med aminer, amider og fettsyrer, som kondensasjonsproduktet av 1 mol oleinalkohol med 20 mol etylenoksyd, kondensasjonsproduktet av 1 mol laurinalkohol eller nonylfenyl med 10 «.mol etylenoksyd. Man kan også anvende fett-syreestrene og polyoler, slik som monooleatet av anhydrosorbitol eller monolauratet av glycerol. De anioniske og ikke-ioniske overflateaktive midler kan anvendes i blanding. Non-ionic emulsifiers include condensation products of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols, alkylphenols, polypropylene glycols, as well as with amines, amides and fatty acids, such as the condensation product of 1 mol of oleic alcohol with 20 mol of ethylene oxide, the condensation product of 1 mol of lauric alcohol or nonylphenyl with 10 «.mol of ethylene oxide. You can also use the fatty acid esters and polyols, such as the monooleate of anhydrosorbitol or the monolaurate of glycerol. The anionic and non-ionic surfactants can be used in mixture.
Disse overflateaktive midler kan tilsettes andre bestand-deler som er velkjent i polymerisasjonsteknikken i emulsjon, slik som gelatmidler, tilsetninger som kan regulere pH-verdien, hydro-trope midler, beskyttelseskolloider eller stabilisatorer. These surface-active agents can be added to other constituents that are well known in emulsion polymerization technology, such as gelling agents, additives that can regulate the pH value, hydrotropic agents, protective colloids or stabilizers.
For å påbegynne polymerisasjonen anvendes katalysatorer som kan gi frie radikale, fortrinnsvis peroksygenforbindelser, slik som natrium-, ammonium- eller kaliumpersulfater, alkaliper-borater, hydrogenperoksyd, hydroperoksyd av cumen, hydroperoksyd av butyl, benzoylperoksyd, pereddiksyre. Som startere kan også anvendes azo-2,2<1->bisisobutyronitril, azo-4,4<1->bis-(cyano-4-pentansyre) eller dens alkalisalt. De mengder som anvendes, kan variere fra 0,01-3% i forhold til vekten av de monomerer som skal kopolymeriseres, fortrinnsvis 0,1-0,4%. To start the polymerization, catalysts are used which can give free radicals, preferably peroxygen compounds, such as sodium, ammonium or potassium persulphates, alkali perborates, hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxide of cumene, hydroperoxide of butyl, benzoyl peroxide, peracetic acid. Azo-2,2<1->bisisobutyronitrile, azo-4,4<1->bis-(cyano-4-pentanoic acid) or its alkali salt can also be used as starters. The amounts used can vary from 0.01-3% in relation to the weight of the monomers to be copolymerized, preferably 0.1-0.4%.
Kopolymeriseringen utføres generelt ved en pH-verdi som går fra 2-7 og ved en temperatur som ligger mellom 50 og 95°C. Men det er mulig å arbeide ved høyere eller lavere temperaturer. For eksempel kan det være gunstig å arbeide med redox-katalysatorer, slik som systemet persulfat-ferrosalt eller natriumpersul-fat-hydroksymetansulfinat for å aktivere reaksjonen eller senke temperaturen ved kopolymeriseringen. Endelig kan kopolymeriseringen, under anvendelsebetingelser for et adekvat apparat, gjøres diskontinuerlig eller gradvis. The copolymerization is generally carried out at a pH value ranging from 2-7 and at a temperature between 50 and 95°C. But it is possible to work at higher or lower temperatures. For example, it may be beneficial to work with redox catalysts, such as the system persulphate-ferrous salt or sodium persulphate-hydroxymethanesulfinate to activate the reaction or lower the temperature during the copolymerization. Finally, the copolymerization can, under conditions of use for an adequate apparatus, be done discontinuously or gradually.
For å regulere molekylvekten og K-verdien for kopolymerene (H. Gibello - "Les vinyliques d'aujour'hui" Lanod - Paris - 1953 - side 264 og H. Fikentscher - "Cellulose chemie" - 13, 1932, side 58-74), kan man anvende kjedeoverføringsmidler, slik som alkylmerkaptaner som.tertiododecylmerkaptan, n-dodecylmerkaptan, n-oktylmerkaptan, karbontetraklorid, karbontetra-bromid, kloroform, trifenylmetan. De mengder som skal anvendes, er en funksjon av de K-verdier som ønskes oppnådd, og mengdene kan variere fra 0,05-5% i forhold til vekten av monomerene, og fortrinnsvis mellom 0,1 og 0,4%. To regulate the molecular weight and K value of the copolymers (H. Gibello - "Les vinyliques d'aujour'hui" Lanod - Paris - 1953 - page 264 and H. Fikentscher - "Cellulose chemie" - 13, 1932, pages 58-74 ), chain transfer agents can be used, such as alkyl mercaptans such as tertiododecyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetrabromide, chloroform, triphenylmethane. The amounts to be used are a function of the K values that are desired to be achieved, and the amounts can vary from 0.05-5% in relation to the weight of the monomers, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.4%.
De beleggmasser hvori kopolymeréne inkorporeres som bindemiddel, omfatter i det vesentlige den vandige dispersjon av kopolymeréne, et pigment i dispergert tilstand, og eventuelt et alkali for regulering av pH-verdien, slik som ammoniakk, kaustikksoda eller natriumkarbonat. Bindemiddelmengden i beleggmassen kan variere innenfor vide grenser, slik som fra 5-15% for papir som er bestemt for heliotypi og 10-20% for papir bestemt til offset-trykk, idet disse mengder er beregnet The coating materials in which the copolymers are incorporated as a binder essentially comprise the aqueous dispersion of the copolymers, a pigment in a dispersed state, and optionally an alkali for regulating the pH value, such as ammonia, caustic soda or sodium carbonate. The amount of binder in the coating mass can vary within wide limits, such as from 5-15% for paper intended for heliotype and 10-20% for paper intended for offset printing, as these amounts are calculated
i forhold til vektmengden av det pigment som brukes. in relation to the amount by weight of the pigment used.
Man kan eventuelt i disse beleggmasser inkludere mine-ralske eller organiske tilsetninger med dispergerende, sekvest-rerende, fluidiserende eller smørende virkning. Som slike kan nevnes natriumheksametafosfat, natriumpyrofosfat eller natrium-polyfosfater, polyelektrolytter med høy molekylvekt, natrium-etylendiaminotetraacetat, polyeteroksyder, som eventuelt er delvis forgrenet eller eventuelt kodensert med alifatiske eller aromatiske radikaler, slik som kondensasjonsproduktet av 1 mol ricinusolje med 20 mol etylenoksyd, forestrede estere av fettsyrer, visse naturlige eller syntetiske voksarter, slik som par-affin- eller etylenvoks, dicyanamidet og dets derivater slik som visse aminer med korte kjeder, slik som etylendiamin, dietyl-triamin eller trietylentetramin. Man kan likeledes nevne poly-alkylenglykoler og deres derivater, polyoler og heteropolyoler som er nevnt i det franske patent nr. 1.476.131, glycerin og visse glykoler, urinstoff og dets derivater, natriumbenzyl-sulfanilat, alkylformamider og alkylacetamider. Mineral or organic additives with a dispersing, sequestering, fluidizing or lubricating effect can optionally be included in these coating compounds. As such, mention can be made of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate or sodium polyphosphates, high molecular weight polyelectrolytes, sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, polyether oxides, which are optionally partially branched or optionally cocondensed with aliphatic or aromatic radicals, such as the condensation product of 1 mol of castor oil with 20 mol of ethylene oxide, esterified esters of fatty acids, certain natural or synthetic waxes, such as par-affine or ethylene wax, the dicyanamide and its derivatives such as certain short-chain amines, such as ethylenediamine, diethyltriamine or triethylenetetramine. Mention may also be made of polyalkylene glycols and their derivatives, polyols and heteropolyols mentioned in French patent No. 1,476,131, glycerin and certain glycols, urea and its derivatives, sodium benzyl sulphanilate, alkylformamides and alkylacetamides.
Man kan også tilsette vannfrastøtende midler med uopp-løseliggjørende virkning, slik som aluminiumsalter eller zir-konsalter, nettdannende midler, slik som glyoksal, aminoplast-eller fenolplastharpikser, antikryptogamimidler og endelig optiske hvitningsmidler. One can also add water-repellent agents with a non-solubilizing effect, such as aluminum salts or zinc salts, net-forming agents, such as glyoxal, aminoplast or phenolic resins, anti-cryptogamic agents and, finally, optical whitening agents.
Følgende eksempler, hvori de angitte deler er vektdeler og temperaturen er 0°C', illustrerer oppfinnelsen nærmere. The following examples, in which the indicated parts are parts by weight and the temperature is 0°C', illustrate the invention in more detail.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
En kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff fremstilles ved å kopolymerisere ved 80°C 216 deler butylakrylat, 152 deler vinylacetat i nærvær av en vandig fase som omfatter 585 deler vann, 32 deler akrylsyre, 0,9 deler kaliumpersulfat, 3 deler natriumpyrofosfat, 1 del t-dodecylmerkaptan, 28,8 deler av en blanding av kondensater av etylenoksyd hvis molekylvekt ligger mellom 1100 og 11000 og 7,3 deler natriumsulfat av alkohol-okso-oksyetylen (1 mol/5 mol etylenoksyd). A copolymer with 40% solids is prepared by copolymerizing at 80°C 216 parts butyl acrylate, 152 parts vinyl acetate in the presence of an aqueous phase comprising 585 parts water, 32 parts acrylic acid, 0.9 parts potassium persulfate, 3 parts sodium pyrophosphate, 1 part t -dodecyl mercaptan, 28.8 parts of a mixture of condensates of ethylene oxide whose molecular weight is between 1100 and 11000 and 7.3 parts of sodium sulphate of alcohol-oxo-oxyethylene (1 mol/5 mol ethylene oxide).
Denne lateks har den egenskap å fortykke kraftig i nærvær av ammoniakk uten å oppløses. This latex has the property of thickening considerably in the presence of ammonia without dissolving.
Ved å blande 100 deler av denne vandige dispersjon med et tørrstoffinnhold på 20% med 10 deler ammoniakk av 22°Bé, opp-når man en tykk pasta hvis viskositet ved 20°C er 180 cP, målt ved hjelp av et "Epprecht-Drage"-viskosimeter. By mixing 100 parts of this aqueous dispersion with a solids content of 20% with 10 parts of ammonia of 22°Bé, a thick paste is obtained whose viscosity at 20°C is 180 cP, measured by means of an "Epprecht-Drage "-viscometer.
Med denne lateks fremstilles en beleggblanding for papir ved å dispergere 100 deler kaolin "Dinkie - A" i 52,4 deler vann ved hjelp av en turborører i nærvær av 0,6 deler komplekst mineralfosfat ("Giltex N"), 0,3 deler ammoniumstearat og 20 deler lateks, som ovenfor, med 40% tørrstoff. Når dispersjonen er homogen, tilsettes 5,75 deler vann og 5,75 deler ammoniakk som holder 25° Bé. Man får en pigmentblanding med pH-verdi 8,5 og som har et innhold på 59% tørrstoff og 8% av et syntetisk bindemiddel, uttrykt som tørrstoff i forhold til kaolin. With this latex, a coating mixture for paper is prepared by dispersing 100 parts of kaolin "Dinkie - A" in 52.4 parts of water using a turbo stirrer in the presence of 0.6 parts of complex mineral phosphate ("Giltex N"), 0.3 parts ammonium stearate and 20 parts latex, as above, with 40% solids. When the dispersion is homogeneous, 5.75 parts of water and 5.75 parts of ammonia are added which maintain 25° Bé. You get a pigment mixture with a pH value of 8.5 and which has a content of 59% dry matter and 8% of a synthetic binder, expressed as dry matter in relation to kaolin.
Viskositeten for denne beleggpasta med 59% tørrstoff målt ved 20°C ved hjelp av et viskosimeter "Hi-Shear" er 94 The viscosity of this coating paste with 59% solids measured at 20°C using a "Hi-Shear" viscometer is 94
cP ved 1000 omdr./min. Den kan lagres mer enn 24 timer uten merkbar fortykning. cP at 1000 rpm. It can be stored for more than 24 hours without noticeable thickening.
Ved hjelp av en filmdannelsesmaskin ("Touzart og Matignon") belegges et ark papir med denne vandige pasta. Etter tørking ved romtemperatur og kondensasjons i 2 min. ved 110°C, kondi-sjoneres papiret i 24 timer i et rom med konstant temperatur og fuktighet. Using a film forming machine ("Touzart and Matignon") a sheet of paper is coated with this aqueous paste. After drying at room temperature and condensation for 2 min. at 110°C, the paper is conditioned for 24 hours in a room with constant temperature and humidity.
Papirets egnethet for heliotrykk og motstandsevne mot rivning er prøvet ved hjelp av et apparat fra det hollandske institutt I.G.T. ved å avsette 0,6 g sverte med høye uttrek-ningsgrad ved en jevn akselerert hastighet og med et trykk på 37,5 kg/cm 2. Under disse betingelser fastslår man at de øvre lag av papiret overhodet ikke blir opprevet hvis man anvender blå sverte"3 803". The paper's suitability for helioprinting and resistance to tearing have been tested using an apparatus from the Dutch institute I.G.T. by depositing 0.6 g of ink with a high degree of extraction at a uniform accelerated speed and with a pressure of 37.5 kg/cm 2 . Under these conditions, it is determined that the upper layers of the paper are not torn at all if blue is used black"3 803".
Eksempel 2 Example 2
En kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff fremstilles ved å kopolymerisere ved 79°C 216 deler butylakrylat, 152 deler vinylacetat, 32 deler akrylsyre i en vandig fase som omfatter 585 deler vann, 0,9 deler kaliumpersulfat, 3 deler natriumpyrofosfat, 1 del t-dodecylmerkaptan, 28,8 deler blanding av kondensater av etylenoksyd fra eks. 1 og 7,5 deler natriumsalt av en alkoholsulfat med C^2-oksyetylen (1 mol/6,5 mol etylenoksyd). Verdien K (spe-sifikk viskositet)^for denne kopolymer, bestemt ved å måle den relative viskositet ved 20°C for en tetrahydrofuranoppløsning med en konsentrasjon på 0,5% tørrstoff og ved å anvende den formel som er angitt av H. Fikentscher, er 54. Videre har denne lateks deb egenskap å fortykke kraftig i nærvær av ammoniakk, mens den forblir i vandig dispersjon. Under de samme betingelser, som er beskrevet i eks. 1, er den oppnådde viskositet 500 cP. A copolymer with 40% solids is prepared by copolymerizing at 79°C 216 parts butyl acrylate, 152 parts vinyl acetate, 32 parts acrylic acid in an aqueous phase comprising 585 parts water, 0.9 parts potassium persulfate, 3 parts sodium pyrophosphate, 1 part t-dodecyl mercaptan , 28.8 parts mixture of condensates of ethylene oxide from ex. 1 and 7.5 parts sodium salt of an alcohol sulfate with C^2-oxyethylene (1 mol/6.5 mol ethylene oxide). The value K (specific viscosity) for this copolymer, determined by measuring the relative viscosity at 20°C of a tetrahydrofuran solution with a concentration of 0.5% solids and by applying the formula given by H. Fikentscher, is 54. Furthermore, this latex deb has the property of thickening greatly in the presence of ammonia, while remaining in aqueous dispersion. Under the same conditions, which are described in ex. 1, the obtained viscosity is 500 cP.
Man fremstiller en beleggpasta for papir ved å dispergere 100 deler kaolin i 52,4 deler vann ved hjelp av en turborører i nærvær av 0,6 deler av et komplekst mineralfosfat ("Giltex N"), 0,3 deler ammoniumstearat og 20 deler av den ovennevnte lateks med 40% tørrstoff. Når den oppnådde blanding er homogen, tilsettes 5,75 deler vann og 5,75 deler ammoniakk med en styrke på 25° Bé. Man får en beleggpasta med pH 8,5 med et innhold av 59% tørrstoff og 8% syntetisk bindemiddel (tørrstoff) i forhold til pigmentet. A paper coating paste is prepared by dispersing 100 parts of kaolin in 52.4 parts of water using a turbo stirrer in the presence of 0.6 parts of a complex mineral phosphate ("Giltex N"), 0.3 parts of ammonium stearate and 20 parts of the above-mentioned latex with 40% solids. When the resulting mixture is homogeneous, 5.75 parts of water and 5.75 parts of ammonia with a strength of 25° Bé are added. You get a coating paste with pH 8.5 with a content of 59% dry matter and 8% synthetic binder (dry matter) in relation to the pigment.
Denne beleggblanding har en god reologisk oppførsel, spesielt når den industrielt og med store hastigheter underkastes høy skjærkraftpåvirkning. Dens viskositet på 98 cP ved 1000 omdr./min., målt ved hjelp av viskosimeteret "Hi-Shear", til-later dens anvendelse på beleggmaskiner med skraper, som går med 700 omdr./min., og nødvendiggjør anvendelse av beleggpastaer hvis konsentrasjon av tørrstoff er over 55%. This coating mixture has a good rheological behavior, especially when industrially and at high speeds it is subjected to high shear forces. Its viscosity of 98 cP at 1000 rpm, measured by the "Hi-Shear" viscometer, allows its use on coating machines with scrapers, running at 700 rpm, and necessitates the use of coating pastes whose concentration of dry matter is over 55%.
For å realisere anvendelsene ved hjelp av valsemaskiner, som beleggmaskinen "Champion", og vertikal limpresse eller ved hjelp av beleggmaskiner med luftskrape av typen "Jagenberg", kan det f.eks. være fordelaktig å føre konsentrasjonen av beleggmassen tilbake til 42% tørrstoff og å holde dens pH-verdi ved '8,5 ved tilsetning av natriumkarbonat. To realize the applications by means of roller machines, such as the coating machine "Champion", and vertical glue press or by means of coating machines with air scraper of the "Jagenberg" type, it can e.g. be advantageous to bring the concentration of the coating mass back to 42% solids and to maintain its pH value at '8.5 by adding sodium carbonate.
Tilbakeholdelseskraften for vann for denne blanding, er fastslått ifølge en fremgangsmåte som er analog med den som er beskrevet av J.C. Stinnchfield (Tappi - bind 41, nr. 2, februar 958, side 77) ved å måle den tid det tar til den farger et indikatorpapir anbragt på overflaten. Under disse betingelser er tilbakeholdelsen av vann målt for papiret "Lyphan - L 6 71" til 145 sekunder. The water holding power of this mixture is determined according to a method analogous to that described by J.C. Stinnchfield (Tappi - vol. 41, no. 2, February 958, page 77) by measuring the time it takes to color an indicator paper placed on the surface. Under these conditions, the retention of water measured for the paper "Lyphan - L 6 71" is 145 seconds.
Eksempel 3 Example 3
En kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff fremstilles ifølge den fremgangsmåte som er angitt i eksempel 2, ved å anvende 216 deler butylakrylat, 152 deler vinylacetat, 32 deler akrylsyre, 0,9 deler kaliumpersulfat, 1,9 .deler natriumpyrofosfat, 0,4 deler n-dodecylmerkaptan, 28,8 deler av en blanding av kondensat av etylenoksyd fra eksempel 1, 7,3 deler natriumsalt av et sulfat av bksoalkohol med C12-oksyetylen (1 m°l me^ 6 mol etylenoksyd). A copolymer with 40% solids is prepared according to the method indicated in example 2, by using 216 parts butyl acrylate, 152 parts vinyl acetate, 32 parts acrylic acid, 0.9 parts potassium persulfate, 1.9 parts sodium pyrophosphate, 0.4 parts n -dodecyl mercaptan, 28.8 parts of a mixture of condensate of ethylene oxide from example 1, 7.3 parts of the sodium salt of a sulfate of bxoalcohol with C12-oxyethylene (1 m°l me^ 6 mol of ethylene oxide).
Ved hjelp av denne lateks fremstilles som i eks. 2, en beleggpasta for papir eller papp inneholdende 8% av dette syntetiske bindemiddel i forhold til pigmentet som anvendes og 42% tørrstoff. With the help of this latex is produced as in ex. 2, a coating paste for paper or cardboard containing 8% of this synthetic binder in relation to the pigment used and 42% dry matter.
Tilbakeholdelseskraften for denne blanding, målt ved hjelp av papiret "Lyphan" - L 671" er på 58 sek. The retention power of this mixture, measured using the paper "Lyphan" - L 671" is 58 sec.
Eksempel 4 Example 4
Man fremstiller en lateks med en K-verdi som er lik A latex is produced with a K value that is equal to
51 ved å arbeide ved 8 2°C under de betingelser som er beskrevet i eks. 2. Ifølge den fremgangsmåte, som er angitt i dette eksempel, fremstilles deretter med lateks to beleggpastaer, inneholdende respektive 8 og 10% syntetisk bindemiddel i forhold til pigmentet. 51 by working at 8 2°C under the conditions described in ex. 2. According to the method indicated in this example, two coating pastes are then produced with latex, containing respectively 8 and 10% synthetic binder in relation to the pigment.
Følgende tabell gir karakteristiske data for beleggpasta-ene og deres resultater av prøver utført på tilsvarende belagte papir. The following table gives characteristic data for the coating pastes and their results of tests carried out on corresponding coated paper.
Videre har det vært fastslått at diffusjonen for sverte til toluen synes lite fremhevet i tilfellet for belegg utført ved å gå ut fra lateks. Det fåes en større klarhet i tryk-ningen. Denne karakteristikk er særlig fordelaktig ved roto-gravyre, en fremgangsmåte for hvilken toluensverte er særlig anvendelig. Furthermore, it has been established that the diffusion of ink to toluene appears to be slightly accentuated in the case of coatings carried out by proceeding from latex. Greater clarity is obtained in the printing. This characteristic is particularly advantageous in roto-engraving, a method for which toluene ink is particularly applicable.
Eksempel 5 Example 5
En kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff fremstilles ved å emul-s jonspolymerisere, ved 80°C, 56 deler butylakrylat, 328 deler vinylacetat, 16 deler akrylsyre i en vandig fase som omfatter 584 deler vann, 2,5 deler kaliumpersulfat, 3 deler natriuniyro-fosfat, 1 del t-dodecylmerkaptan, 28,8 deler blanding av kondensater av etylenoksyd fra eks. 1 og 7,5 deler natriumsalt av sulfat av en oksoalkohol med C12-polyoksyetylen (1 mol/6,5 mol etylenoksyd). K-verdien, som er funnet for denne kopolymer, er 49. Videre har lateksen den egenskap å fortykke kraftig i nærvær av ammoniakk, idet det forblir en vandig dispersjon. Under de samme betingelser, som er beskrevet i eks. 1, er den erholdte viskositet 150 cP. A copolymer with 40% solids is prepared by emulsion polymerizing, at 80°C, 56 parts butyl acrylate, 328 parts vinyl acetate, 16 parts acrylic acid in an aqueous phase comprising 584 parts water, 2.5 parts potassium persulfate, 3 parts sodium uniyro- phosphate, 1 part t-dodecyl mercaptan, 28.8 parts mixture of condensates of ethylene oxide from ex. 1 and 7.5 parts sodium salt of sulfate of an oxoalcohol with C12-polyoxyethylene (1 mol/6.5 mol ethylene oxide). The K value found for this copolymer is 49. Furthermore, the latex has the property of thickening greatly in the presence of ammonia, remaining an aqueous dispersion. Under the same conditions, which are described in ex. 1, the obtained viscosity is 150 cP.
Under de samme betingelser, som i eks. 2 , fremstilles Under the same conditions, as in ex. 2 , is produced
en beleggpasta for papir eller papp, bestemt for heliotypi med et innhold på 58% tørrstoff og 8% av et syntetisk bindemiddel (tørrstoff) i forhold til pigmentet. a coating paste for paper or cardboard, intended for heliotype with a content of 58% dry matter and 8% of a synthetic binder (dry matter) in relation to the pigment.
Viskositeten for en slik masse, målt ved 1000 oradr./ min. ved hjelp av viskosimeter "Hi-Shear" er 115 cP. The viscosity of such a mass, measured at 1000 oradr./min. using viscometer "Hi-Shear" is 115 cP.
Tilbakeholdelseskraften for vann med denne blanding, er funnet å være under de samme betingelser som i eks. 2, idet det føres tilbake 42% tørrstoff. Målt ved hjelp av papir "Lyphan The retention power for water with this mixture has been found to be under the same conditions as in ex. 2, as 42% dry matter is returned. Measured using paper "Lyphan
L 671" er denne vanntilbakeholdelse 96 sek. L 671" this water retention is 96 sec.
Eksempel 6 Example 6
En kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff, fremstilles ved å emul-sjonskopolymerisere, ved 85°C, 272 deler butylakrylat, 32 deler akrylsyre, 76 deler akrylonitril, 8 deler N-hydroksymetylakryl-amid, 12 deler monometakrylat av etylenglykol og 8 deler dimet-akrylat av etylenglykol i en vandig fase som omfatter 573 deler vann, 2 deler kaliumpersulfat, 28,5 deler av en blanding av kondensatene av etylenoksyd fra eks. 1 og 13 deler natriumsalt av sulfatet av en laurinalkohol-polyoksyetylen. A copolymer with 40% solids is prepared by emulsion copolymerizing, at 85°C, 272 parts butyl acrylate, 32 parts acrylic acid, 76 parts acrylonitrile, 8 parts N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, 12 parts monomethacrylate of ethylene glycol and 8 parts dimethacrylate of ethylene glycol in an aqueous phase comprising 573 parts of water, 2 parts of potassium persulfate, 28.5 parts of a mixture of the condensates of ethylene oxide from ex. 1 and 13 parts sodium salt of the sulfate of a lauric alcohol-polyoxyethylene.
Denne lateks har den egenskap å fortykke i nærvær av ammoniakk uten å oppløses. Den målte viskositet ifølge den fremgangsmåte, som er beskrevet i eks. 1, er 60 cP. Videre er dens spesifikke viskositet 56. This latex has the property of thickening in the presence of ammonia without dissolving. The measured viscosity according to the method described in ex. 1, is 60 cP. Furthermore, its specific viscosity is 56.
Ved hjelp av denne lateks fremstilles en beleggpasta for papir bestemt for-offset-trykking, idet man går frem som i eks. 2, men slik at det fremstilles en pasta hvis innhold er 48,5% tørrstoff og 11% av syntetiske bindemidler, uttrykt som tørr-stoff i forhold til pigment. Using this latex, a coating paste is produced for paper intended for offset printing, proceeding as in ex. 2, but so that a paste is produced whose content is 48.5% dry matter and 11% of synthetic binders, expressed as dry matter in relation to pigment.
Karakteristikken for denne pasta og resultatene av prøvene, som er utført på tilsvarende belagt papir, er følgende: The characteristics of this paste and the results of the tests, carried out on corresponding coated paper, are as follows:
Eksempel 7 Example 7
Ved hjelp av kopolymeren fra eksempel 2 fremstilles Using the copolymer from example 2 is prepared
en beleggpasta for papir bestemt til offset-trykking. Blandingen er spesielt beregnet på anvendelse ved hjelp av en beleggmaskin med skraper. a coating paste for paper intended for offset printing. The mixture is especially intended for application using a coating machine with a scraper.
For dette formål dispergeres 100 deler kaolin i 37,9 deler vann ved hjelp av en turborører i nærvær av 0,6 deler av et komplekst mineralfosfat ("Giltex N") og 0,3 deler ammoniumstearat. Når blandingen er homogen, tilsettes stadig, under om-røring, 22,2 deler av en vandig oppløsning av stivelse på 18% og og deretter 27,5 deler av lateksen fra eks. 2 med 40% tørrstoff. Endelig tilsettes ep blanding av 5,75 deler vann og 5,75 deler ammoniakk med en styrke på 25° Bé, for å oppnå en beleggpasta med en pH-verdi på 8,0-8,5 og med et innhold på 58% tørrstoff. For this purpose, 100 parts of kaolin are dispersed in 37.9 parts of water using a turbo stirrer in the presence of 0.6 parts of a complex mineral phosphate ("Giltex N") and 0.3 parts of ammonium stearate. When the mixture is homogeneous, 22.2 parts of an aqueous solution of starch of 18% and then 27.5 parts of the latex from ex. 2 with 40% dry matter. Finally, a mixture of 5.75 parts water and 5.75 parts ammonia with a strength of 25° Bé is added to obtain a coating paste with a pH value of 8.0-8.5 and with a content of 58% dry matter .
Karakteristikkene for denne pasta og resultatene fra de prøver, som er utført med belagte papir, er følgende: The characteristics of this paste and the results of the tests carried out with coated paper are as follows:
Eksempel 8 Example 8
En kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff fremstilles under de samme betingelser som er beskrevet i eks. 2, men ved å erstatte 216 deler butylakrylat med 216 deler etylakrylat. A copolymer with 40% solids is produced under the same conditions as described in ex. 2, but by replacing 216 parts of butyl acrylate with 216 parts of ethyl acrylate.
Den funnede K-verdi for denne kopolymer er 54. Videre har denne lateks den egenskap å fortykke kraftig i nærvær av ammoniakk idet den dispergerte form bibeholdes. Under de samme betingelser som i eks. 1, er den erholdte viskositet 2500 cP. The K-value found for this copolymer is 54. Furthermore, this latex has the property of thickening strongly in the presence of ammonia while maintaining the dispersed form. Under the same conditions as in ex. 1, the obtained viscosity is 2500 cP.
Stadig under de samme betingelser som i eks. 2, fremstilles en beleggpasta for papir bestemt for heliotypi med et innhold på 58% tørrstoff og 8% syntetisk bindemiddel, uttrykt som tørrstoff i forhold til pigment. Tilbakeholdelseskraften for vann for denne blanding, målt ved å føre dens innhold av tørrstoff til 42%, er 70 sek. Still under the same conditions as in ex. 2, a coating paste for paper intended for heliotype is produced with a content of 58% dry matter and 8% synthetic binder, expressed as dry matter in relation to pigment. The water holding power of this mixture, measured by bringing its solids content to 42%, is 70 sec.
Eksempel 9 Example 9
En kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff fremstilles ved emulsjons-kopolymerisering, ved 80°C, 56 deler metylakrylat, 328 deler vinylacetat og 16 deler akrylsyre i en vandig fase som omfatter 584 deler vann, 2 deler kaliumpersulfat, 3 deler natriumpyrofosfat, 1 del t-dodecylmerkaptan, 28,8 deler av blandingen av etylenoksydkondensat fra eks. 1 og 7,5 deler av natriumsaltet av en blanding av oksoalkohol med C^2~P°ly°ksyetylener d mole-kyl/6,5 mol etylenoksyd). Den funnede K-verdi for denne kopolymer er 53. Videre har denne lateks den egenskap å fortykkes kraftig i nærvær av ammoniakk uten å oppløses. Under de betingelser, som er beskrevet i eks. 1, er den erholdte viskositet 450 cP. A copolymer with 40% solids is prepared by emulsion copolymerization, at 80°C, of 56 parts methyl acrylate, 328 parts vinyl acetate and 16 parts acrylic acid in an aqueous phase comprising 584 parts water, 2 parts potassium persulfate, 3 parts sodium pyrophosphate, 1 part t- dodecyl mercaptan, 28.8 parts of the mixture of ethylene oxide condensate from ex. 1 and 7.5 parts of the sodium salt of a mixture of oxoalcohol with C^2~P°ly°xyethylenes d molecule/6.5 mol ethylene oxide). The K-value found for this copolymer is 53. Furthermore, this latex has the property of thickening strongly in the presence of ammonia without dissolving. Under the conditions described in ex. 1, the obtained viscosity is 450 cP.
Under de betingelser, som er beskrevet i eks. 2, fremstilles en beleggpasta for papir med et innhold på 58% tørr-stoff og 8% syntetisk bindemiddel, uttrykt som tørrstoff i forhold til pigment. Tilbakeholdelseskraften for vann for denne blanding, målt ved å føre tørrstoffinnholdet tilbake til 42%, er 77 sekunder. Under the conditions described in ex. 2, a coating paste for paper is produced with a content of 58% dry matter and 8% synthetic binder, expressed as dry matter in relation to pigment. The water holding power for this mixture, measured by bringing the solids content back to 42%, is 77 seconds.
Eksempel IQ Example IQ
Det fremstilles en kopolymer med 40% tørrstoff ved å kopolymerisere, ved 90°C, 210 deler butylakrylat, 144 deler styren, 46 deler akrylsyre i en vandig fase som omfatter 635 deler vann, 2 deler kaliumpersulfat, 0,2 deler t-dodecylmerkaptan, 3,5 deler natriumpolyakrylat, 2 deler av et kondensat av oksoalkohol i C.^ med 9 molekyler etylenoksyd, 25 deler av pro-duktet fra kondensasjon av etylenoksyd og propylenoksyd med molekylvekt 11250 og 4,3 deler natriumsalt av sulfatet av en laurinalkohol, som er polyoksyetylert. A copolymer with 40% solids is prepared by copolymerizing, at 90°C, 210 parts of butyl acrylate, 144 parts of styrene, 46 parts of acrylic acid in an aqueous phase comprising 635 parts of water, 2 parts of potassium persulfate, 0.2 parts of t-dodecyl mercaptan, 3.5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 2 parts of a condensate of oxoalcohol in C.^ with 9 molecules of ethylene oxide, 25 parts of the product of condensation of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with a molecular weight of 11250 and 4.3 parts of the sodium salt of the sulfate of a lauric alcohol, which is polyoxyethylated.
Denne lateks har den egenskap å fortykkes i nærvær av ammoniakk uten å oppløses. Viskositeten, som er erholdt ved måling ifølge den fremgangsmåte som er beskrevet i eks. 1, er 540 cP. Videre er dens spesifikke viskositet, målt ifølge den teknikk som er beskrevet i eks. 1, 79. This latex has the property of thickening in the presence of ammonia without dissolving. The viscosity, which is obtained by measurement according to the method described in ex. 1, is 540 cP. Furthermore, its specific viscosity, measured according to the technique described in ex. 1, 79.
Man fremstiller en beleggpasta for papir bestemt til offset-trykk ved å dispergere 100 deler kaolin i 90 deler vann ved hjelp av en turborører, i nærvær av 0,5 deler av et komplekst mineralfosfat {"Giltex 0"), 0,3 deler ammoniumstearat og 27,7 deler lateks som ovenfor med 40% tørrstoff. Når den erholdte blanding er homogen, tilsettes 6 deler vann og 6 deler ammoniakk ved 25° Bé. Man får en beleggpasta hvis pH er ca. 8, med et innhold på 48,5% tørrstoff og 11% av et syntetisk bindemiddel, uttrykt som tørrstoff i forhold til pigment. A coating paste for paper intended for offset printing is prepared by dispersing 100 parts of kaolin in 90 parts of water using a turbo stirrer, in the presence of 0.5 parts of a complex mineral phosphate {"Giltex 0"), 0.3 parts of ammonium stearate and 27.7 parts latex as above with 40% solids. When the resulting mixture is homogeneous, 6 parts water and 6 parts ammonia are added at 25° Bé. You get a coating paste whose pH is approx. 8, with a content of 48.5% dry matter and 11% of a synthetic binder, expressed as dry matter in relation to pigment.
Karakteristikken for denne pasta og resultatet av prøver utført på tilsvarende belagt papir er følgende: The characteristics of this paste and the results of tests carried out on corresponding coated paper are as follows:
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7018688A FR2087531A5 (en) | 1970-05-22 | 1970-05-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO139695B true NO139695B (en) | 1979-01-15 |
NO139695C NO139695C (en) | 1979-04-25 |
Family
ID=9055938
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO189171A NO139695C (en) | 1970-05-22 | 1971-05-19 | PROCEDURE FOR COATING OF PAPER OR CARTON |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE766431A (en) |
CA (1) | CA980933A (en) |
CH (1) | CH520719A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2123857A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES391317A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2087531A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1356030A (en) |
NL (1) | NL166035C (en) |
NO (1) | NO139695C (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT333592B (en) | 1973-12-21 | 1976-11-25 | Vianova Kunstharz Ag | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERISATE DISPERSIONS |
DE2747182C2 (en) * | 1977-10-20 | 1985-08-14 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Binders for nonwovens |
DE3103463A1 (en) * | 1981-02-02 | 1982-08-26 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | USE OF EMULSION COPOLYMERISATS BASED ON ACRYLATES AS THE SOLE BINDING AGENT FOR PAPER COATINGS |
DE3202061A1 (en) * | 1982-01-23 | 1983-08-04 | Röhm GmbH, 6100 Darmstadt | PAPER COATING |
US4395499A (en) * | 1982-09-13 | 1983-07-26 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | High strength pigment binders for paper coatings containing carboxylated vinyl ester alkyl acrylic interpolymers |
US4840991A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1989-06-20 | Desoto, Inc. | Aqueous dispersions of partially cross-linked emulsion copolymers |
US4898787A (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1990-02-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Emulsion polymerized cohesive polymer latex useful as cold seal coating and improved sealable articles treated with the same |
US5070164A (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1991-12-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Cold sealable cohesive terpolymers |
JP2606282B2 (en) * | 1988-05-26 | 1997-04-30 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Elastomer composition |
US6124417A (en) | 1995-08-25 | 2000-09-26 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Water-activatable polymers for ink-jet imprintable constructions |
US5969069A (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 1999-10-19 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Water-activatable polymers and printable constructions |
US6051107A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2000-04-18 | Hercules Incorporated | Process for surface sizing paper and paper prepared thereby |
BR112016023487B1 (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2022-08-02 | Basf Se | PROCESSES FOR PREPARING AN AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF A POLYMER P AND FOR COATING A PAPER OR CARDBOARD, AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF A POLYMER P, POWDER CONTAINING A POLYMER P, COATING PASTE OF PAPER, PAPER OR CARDBOARD, AND, USE OF AN AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF A POLYMER P OR A POWDER CONTAINING A POLYMER |
CA2944970A1 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | Basf Se | Aqueous polymer dispersion for paper with a copolymer of vinyl acetate and an acrylate monomer |
FR3113057B1 (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2023-09-29 | Coatex Sas | THICKENING AGENT FOR HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC COMPOSITION |
-
1970
- 1970-05-22 FR FR7018688A patent/FR2087531A5/fr not_active Expired
-
1971
- 1971-04-28 BE BE766431A patent/BE766431A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-05-07 CH CH678571A patent/CH520719A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-05-13 DE DE19712123857 patent/DE2123857A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1971-05-18 CA CA113,328A patent/CA980933A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-05-18 ES ES391317A patent/ES391317A1/en not_active Expired
- 1971-05-19 NO NO189171A patent/NO139695C/en unknown
- 1971-05-19 NL NL7106857A patent/NL166035C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-05-21 GB GB1647971A patent/GB1356030A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1356030A (en) | 1974-06-12 |
ES391317A1 (en) | 1974-08-16 |
NL166035B (en) | 1981-01-15 |
FR2087531A5 (en) | 1971-12-31 |
NL166035C (en) | 1981-06-15 |
NL7106857A (en) | 1971-11-24 |
DE2123857A1 (en) | 1971-12-02 |
CH520719A (en) | 1972-03-31 |
CA980933A (en) | 1975-12-30 |
BE766431A (en) | 1971-10-28 |
NO139695C (en) | 1979-04-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
NO139695B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR COATING OF PAPER OR CARTON | |
US3716504A (en) | Paper coating compositions and products formed therefrom | |
US2251296A (en) | Paper product | |
US9074322B2 (en) | Paper coating or binding formulations and methods of making and using same | |
US3811933A (en) | Oil and grease resistant paper products and process for treating cellulosic materials | |
US4397984A (en) | Use of acrylate-based emulsion copolymer as the sole binder for a paper coating composition | |
US11279843B2 (en) | Dextrin-based coating slips | |
DK144683B (en) | PAPER BEST NO MASS | |
US3298987A (en) | Coated fibrous web and coating composition therefor | |
FI85739C (en) | KOBINDEMEDEL FOER BELAEGGNINGSMASSOR. | |
PT2262949E (en) | Paper coating or binding formulations and methods of making and using same | |
FI76103C (en) | Polymer compositions which can be used as adhesives for paper coatings and from these paper coating paints | |
NZ541746A (en) | Modification of paper coating rheology | |
US4228047A (en) | Starch compatible polyvinyl acetate latices | |
CA1169175A (en) | Interpolymer latex and process for the preparation thereof | |
US3767439A (en) | Functional surface coating compositions for cellulosic material | |
NO149072B (en) | PAIR AND CARTON SUITABLE FOR OPERATION AND PROCEDURES FOR MANUFACTURING THEREOF | |
US3792128A (en) | Fluoropolymer-carboxylated styrene-butadiene functional surface coating compositions | |
NO160614B (en) | COPOLYMER LATEX FOR USE AS A BINDING AGENT AND MANUFACTURING THIS. | |
US5219619A (en) | Coating process for papers and cardboards and its use for obtaining paper which has a good smoothness | |
US3664987A (en) | Functional sufrace coating compositions for cellulosic material | |
FI91077B (en) | Blend polymer emulsion latex and pigmented paper coating mixture | |
NO160717B (en) | COPOLYMER LATEX FOR USE AS A BINDING AGENT, SPECIFICALLY FOR COATING PAPER, AND MANUFACTURING THE LATEX. | |
NO146753B (en) | PAPER COATING AGENT | |
US3772073A (en) | Paper coated with a composition comprising pigments and styrene-acrolein polymers |