NO137417B - PROCEDURES FOR MANUFACTURING AN AROMATIC COFFEE PRODUCT - Google Patents
PROCEDURES FOR MANUFACTURING AN AROMATIC COFFEE PRODUCT Download PDFInfo
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- NO137417B NO137417B NO226672A NO226672A NO137417B NO 137417 B NO137417 B NO 137417B NO 226672 A NO226672 A NO 226672A NO 226672 A NO226672 A NO 226672A NO 137417 B NO137417 B NO 137417B
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- Prior art keywords
- bath
- weight ratio
- fluoride
- ratio
- solution
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;styrene Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YVIMHTIMVIIXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SnH3][Al] Chemical compound [SnH3][Al] YVIMHTIMVIIXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/46—Coffee flavour; Coffee oil; Flavouring of coffee or coffee extract
- A23F5/48—Isolation or recuperation of coffee flavour or coffee oil
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til kromatering av aluminium og aluminiumlegeringer. Process for chromating aluminum and aluminum alloys.
For fremstilling av grønnfargede dekklag på aluminium og dets legeringer benyttes ifølge tysk patent nr. 819 191 vandige oppløsninger som inneholder fosfatio-ner, fluorloner og kro mati oner, idet forholdet F:CrO3=0,135—0,404, og oppløsningens According to German patent no. 819,191, aqueous solutions containing phosphate ions, fluorolons and chromate ions are used for the production of green-coloured cover layers on aluminum and its alloys, with the ratio F:CrO3=0.135-0.404, and the solution's
pH-veirdi ligger melom 1,6 og 2,2 målt som The pH range is between 1.6 and 2.2 measured as
den laveste verdi som en glasselektrode vi-ser i løpet av 10 minutter etter inindyppiing i the lowest value that a glass electrode shows within 10 minutes after immersion in it
oppløsningen. Konsentrasjonen av fosfat-ioner beregnet som P2Os skal ligge mellom 1,48 og 214, fortrinnsvis mellom 15 og the resolution. The concentration of phosphate ions calculated as P2Os must lie between 1.48 and 214, preferably between 15 and
75 g/1. For fluorinnholdet angis konsen-trasjoner på 0,9—12,5, fortrinnsvis 2—6 g/ 75 g/1. For the fluorine content, concentrations of 0.9-12.5, preferably 2-6 g/
1, og for kromationene, beregnet som CrO.?1, and for the chromium ions, calculated as CrO.?
3,5—60, fortrinnsvis 6—20 g/I. Vektsforholdet CrOa : P2Os i badet skal ligge mellom 0,04 og 5,0. Det tilsvarende forhold for 3.5-60, preferably 6-20 g/I. The weight ratio CrOa : P2Os in the bath must lie between 0.04 and 5.0. The corresponding ratio for
kompletteringsoppløsningen angis med the completion resolution is indicated by
0,49—3,75. Lar man vandige oppløsninger 0.49—3.75. Aqueous solutions are allowed
tilsvarende den forannevnte fremgangsmåte Innvirke ved dypping, sotrømmiing similar to the aforementioned procedure. Act by dipping, soot removal
eller sprøyting på aluminiumoverflater, så or spraying on aluminum surfaces, so
daner det seg grønne dekklag som inneholder aluminium, krom-III, fluorid og green covering layers are formed which contain aluminium, chromium-III, fluoride and
fosfat. phosphate.
Det er videre fra østerriksk patent nr. It is further from Austrian patent no.
190 764 kjent en fremgangsmåte hvor det 190 764 known a method where it
til fremstilling av overtrekk som spiller i for the production of covers that play in
regnbuefarger på aluminium og aluminiumlegeringer anvendes vandige sure opp-løsninger, som inneholder 5—180 g/l P04, 4 til 40 g/I Cr03 og 0,3 til 7,0 g/l fluorid, rainbow colors on aluminum and aluminum alloys, aqueous acidic solutions are used, which contain 5-180 g/l P04, 4 to 40 g/I Cr03 and 0.3 to 7.0 g/l fluoride,
idet avhengigheten av forholdet F/CrOssince the dependence on the ratio F/CrOs
'av P04-konsentrasjonen er fastlagt ta-bellarisk for noen P04-konsentrasjoner og of the P04 concentration is determined tabularly for some P04 concentrations and
avhengigheten av dette F/CrO.pforhold for the dependence of this F/CrO.p ratio for
de mellomliggende P04-konsentrasjoner fremgår herav ved diineær interpolasjon. the intermediate P04 concentrations appear from this by linear interpolation.
Arbeider man etter den ovenfor be-skrevne fremgangsmåte over lengre tid If you work according to the method described above for a long time
iakttar man at overtrekkenes kvalitet blir it is observed that the quality of the covers is
dårligere med økende gjennomgang av worse with increasing review of
aluminiumoverflater gj ennom behandlingsbadet, dvs. overtrekkene taper deres klebefasthet, blir støvformede og avstryk-bare. Denne foreteelse er å tilbakeføre på den økende anrikning i behandlingsbadene av det aluminium som ved beisangrepet er gått i oppløsning og av krom-III som er dannet ved reduksjon av toromsyren. Videre virker en økning av fosfationekon-sentrasjonen som er nødvendig for nøy-tralisering av fremmedkationer som er kommet inn 1 badet ugunstig. For å unngå disse vanskeligheter holdes ifølge en fore-slått fremgangsmåte kromateringsoppløs-ningen fri eller tilnærmet fri for fremmedkationer ved at en del av badoppløsnin-gen atskilt og fortrinnsvis kontinuerlig føres over en sterkt sur kationutvekslende harpiks og tilbakeføres i behandlingsopp-løsningen etter denne gjennomgang. aluminum surfaces go through the treatment bath, i.e. the coatings lose their adhesive strength, become dusty and can be wiped off. This phenomenon is attributable to the increasing enrichment in the treatment baths of the aluminum which has dissolved during the pickling attack and of chromium-III which is formed by the reduction of the chromic acid. Furthermore, an increase in the phosphate ion concentration, which is necessary for the neutralization of foreign cations that have entered the bath, is unfavourable. In order to avoid these difficulties, according to a proposed method, the chromating solution is kept free or nearly free of foreign cations by passing a part of the bath solution separately and preferably continuously over a strongly acidic cation-exchange resin and returning it to the treatment solution after this review.
Det er nå blitt funnet at anvendelsen av kationutvekslere for å unngå en uønsket økning av fremmedkationer i behandlingsbadet krever en meget spesiell arbeids-måte som i mange punkter avviker fra den hittil vanlige gjennomføring av kroma-teringsfremgangsmåten. Den direkte over-føring av arbeidsmåten uten kationutveksler til fremgangsmåten under anvendelse av kationutvekslere fører forsåvidt til vanskeligheter da det i behandlingsbadet optimale forhold på Cr03 : P2Or, ved den kj ente komplettering ifølge tysk patent nr. 819 191 kontinuerlig forskyves, og der-med opptrer uønskede svingninger i dan-nelsen av overtrekkene. Dette er særlig å føre tilbake til en økning av fosfatkonsen-trasjonen 1 badet. It has now been found that the use of cation exchangers to avoid an undesired increase of foreign cations in the treatment bath requires a very special way of working which deviates in many points from the hitherto usual implementation of the chromating procedure. The direct transfer of the working method without cation exchangers to the method using cation exchangers certainly leads to difficulties, as the optimal ratio of Cr03 : P2Or in the treatment bath, in the known addition according to German patent no. 819 191, is continuously shifted, and thus occurs unwanted fluctuations in the formation of the coatings. This is particularly to lead back to an increase in the phosphate concentration in the bath.
Ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendes til kromatering av aluminium og dets legeringer sure, vandige, i og for seg kjente oppløsninger, der som vesentlige komponenter Inneholder 6-verdig krom, fosfat og fluorid. For å unngå en økning av fremmedkationer i badet føres behandlingsvæsken fortrinnsvis kontinuerlig overein sterkt sur kationutvekstende harpiks og 'tilbakeføres deretter igjen i badet. Som kationutvekslende harpiks slik det forstås ifølge oppfinnelsen egner seg de sterkt sure kationutvekslere av polystyren-harpikstypen som er sulfonert med svovel-syre, eksempelvis de sulfonerte sityrendivi-nylbenzen-harpikser. Behandliingsbadene inneholder 6-vetfdig krom beregnet som CrO:! i en konsentrasjon på 6—20 g/l, idet vektsforholdet Cr03 : P2Os i behandlingsbadet velges mellom 0,3 og 0,6. For komplettering av oppløsningene benyttes ved siden av de nødvendige mengder fluorid 6-verdig krom og fosfat i et vektsforhold Cr03/P205 som minimalt ligger 15 pst. høyere enn Cr03/ P2Os vektsforholdet i behandlingsoppløs-ningen „uiv, og maksimalt utgjør 1,7. Forholdet av fluoridioner i badet til den i badet befinnende kromsyre, beregnet som Cr03, ligger mellom 0,075 og 0,45. Hvis badet dertil inneholder komplekse fluori der, f. eks. Al-fluorid, borfluorid og lik-nende kan forholdet mellom samlet fluorid og Cr03 ligge høyere da den aktiver-ende virkning av de komplekse fluorider er vesentlig mindre enn for fluordiomene. Prinsipielt gjelder at ved en økning av fluoridkonsentrasjonen i badet under el-lers like behandlingsbetingelser, øker først lagvekten. Ved en overskridelse av et vekt-forhold av de aktive, ikke komplekst bund-ne fluoridioner til kromsyre i badet F/ Cr03 = 0,45 blir på grunn av det sterke beisangrep lagdannelsen forstyrret, og til slutt stoppet. In the method according to the invention, acidic, aqueous, per se known solutions are used for the chromating of aluminum and its alloys, which contain hexavalent chromium, phosphate and fluoride as essential components. In order to avoid an increase in foreign cations in the bath, the treatment liquid is preferably continuously passed over the strongly acidic cation-growing resin and then returned to the bath. As cation exchange resin as understood according to the invention, the strongly acidic cation exchangers of the polystyrene resin type which are sulphonated with sulfuric acid, for example the sulphonated styrene-divinylbenzene resins, are suitable. The treatment baths contain 6-valent chromium calculated as CrO:! in a concentration of 6-20 g/l, the weight ratio Cr03 : P2Os in the treatment bath being chosen between 0.3 and 0.6. To supplement the solutions, in addition to the required amounts of fluoride, 6-valent chromium and phosphate are used in a Cr03/P205 weight ratio that is at least 15 percent higher than the Cr03/P2Os weight ratio in the treatment solution „uiv, and is a maximum of 1.7. The ratio of fluoride ions in the bath to the chromic acid in the bath, calculated as Cr03, is between 0.075 and 0.45. If the bath also contains complex fluorine there, e.g. Al-fluoride, boron fluoride and the like, the ratio between total fluoride and Cr03 can be higher, as the activating effect of the complex fluorides is significantly less than for the fluorine diions. In principle, if the fluoride concentration in the bath is increased under otherwise equal treatment conditions, the layer weight increases first. If a weight ratio of the active, non-complex bound fluoride ions to chromic acid in the bath F/Cr03 = 0.45 is exceeded, the layer formation is disturbed and finally stopped due to the strong pickling attack.
Det optimale kompletteringsforhold Cr03/P205 er avhengig av kromsyrekon-sentrasjonen i badet, forholdet av Cr03/ P2Os i badet, tykkelsen av de overtrekk som er frembragt i badet, og de ved be-handlingen opptredende badtap på grunn av utføring av badoppløsning som kleber ved arbeidsstykkene og badtap som opptrer ved regenereringen av kationutveks-leren med syre. I den følgende tabell er det angitt noen retningsverdier for de optimale kompletteringsforhold. The optimal completion ratio Cr03/P205 depends on the chromic acid concentration in the bath, the ratio of Cr03/P2Os in the bath, the thickness of the coatings produced in the bath, and the bath losses occurring during the treatment due to the use of bath solution that sticks to the workpieces and bath losses that occur during the regeneration of the cation exchanger with acid. In the following table, some guideline values are given for the optimal completion conditions.
Av tabellen fremgår at med økende kromsyrekonsentrasjon ved konstantholdt forhold Cr03/P20;- i badet minskes kompletteringsforholdet Cr03/P205. Et økende forhold Or03/P2Or, i badet betinger en økning av forholdet Cr03/P2Or, i kompletteringen. Jo høyere lagvekten er desto høyere er også det for kompletteringen optimale forhold Gr03/P205. Med økende mekanisk bortføring fra kromateringsbadet faller det optimale kompletteringsforhold Cr03/P20.-. The table shows that with increasing chromic acid concentration at a constant Cr03/P20;- ratio in the bath, the completion ratio Cr03/P205 decreases. An increasing ratio Or03/P2Or, in the bath conditions an increase in the ratio Cr03/P2Or, in the completion. The higher the layer weight, the higher the optimal ratio Gr03/P205 for the completion. With increasing mechanical removal from the chromating bath, the optimal completion ratio Cr03/P20.- falls.
Fluoridkompletteringen over fritt, ikke komplekst bundet fluorid, f. eks. i form av flussyre, forlanger likeledes ved anvendel-delsen av kationutveksler en skarpere kon-troll enn ved den tidligere vanlige ar-beidsmåte. Det lar seg imidlertid også for dette angi generelt gyldige regler. Det ble funnet at badet da kan holdes i det gun-stigste lagdannelsesområde når ved kompletteringen vektsforholdet av ikke komplekst fluorid: Cr03 beregnet som F/Cr03 = minimalt 15 pst. over det i badet fore-liggende forhold til maksimalt 0,65. The fluoride supplementation over free, non-complex bound fluoride, e.g. in the form of hydrofluoric acid, the use of cation exchangers also requires a sharper control than with the previously usual method of working. However, it is also possible to specify generally valid rules for this. It was found that the bath can then be kept in the most favorable layer formation area when, at completion, the weight ratio of non-complex fluoride: Cr03 calculated as F/Cr03 = a minimum of 15 percent above the ratio present in the bath to a maximum of 0.65.
Det optimale kompletteringsforhold F/Or03 er tilsvarende Cr03/P205-kompletteringsforholdet avhengig av frem-gangsmåteførlngen. Med økende lagvekt øker også forholdet F/CrOr Ved økning av den mekaniske bortføring senkes det. For opprettholdelse av et høyere F/Cr03 forhold i badet må også kompletteringsforholdet økes. The optimal completion ratio F/OrO3 is equivalent to the CrO3/P2O5 completion ratio, depending on the procedure. With increasing layer weight, the ratio F/CrOr also increases. When the mechanical removal is increased, it is lowered. To maintain a higher F/Cr03 ratio in the bath, the completion ratio must also be increased.
Gjennomføringen av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen skal nærmere forkla-res ved hjelp av et eksempel: Blikk av renaluminium, AlMg Si, Al Cu Mg og Al Mg3 var renset med en for avfetning av lettmetall egnet mldalkalisk vandig dypningsrenser og ble etter kold-og varmvannspyling dyppet i 3 min. ved 56—58° C i et bad som inneholder 14,5 g/l Cr03, 36,2 g/l P205, 2 g/l HF, deretter vannspylet og tørket. Badet ble under gjennomgangen av aluminiumblikk sendt over en sterkt sur kationutveksler i H-form hvorved den bortrennende oppløsning igjen ble tilført til kromateringsbadet. Kompletteringen av badet foregikk med en blanding av kromsyre og fosforsyre i et forhold Cr03/P205 på 0,92. Den mekaniske bortføring utgjorde 93 ml badoppløsning referert til 1 ms kromatert alumindumover-flate. Fluor idets komplettering foregikk med 40 pst.ig flussyre. The implementation of the method according to the invention shall be explained in more detail with the help of an example: Sheets of pure aluminium, AlMg Si, Al Cu Mg and Al Mg3 were cleaned with a ml-alkaline aqueous immersion cleaner suitable for degreasing light metals and were, after cold and hot water rinsing, dipped in 3 min. at 56-58° C in a bath containing 14.5 g/l Cr03, 36.2 g/l P205, 2 g/l HF, then rinsed with water and dried. During the review of aluminum tin, the bath was passed over a strongly acidic cation exchanger in H-form whereby the draining solution was fed back into the chromating bath. The completion of the bath took place with a mixture of chromic acid and phosphoric acid in a Cr03/P205 ratio of 0.92. The mechanical removal amounted to 93 ml of bath solution referred to 1 ms of chromated aluminum surface. Fluorine was supplemented with 40 percent hydrofluoric acid.
Kompletteringen ble utmålt således at det under de ovenfor angitte behandlingsbetingelser fremkom overtrekk med en lagvekt på 4—5 g/m2. Gjennom kromatise-ringsbadet ble det ført 14 m2 aluminium-overflate pr. 1 1. badvolum. Etter gjennom-føringen av denne overflate utgjorde P2Os-konsentrasj onen i kromateringsbadet 34 g/l, dvs. den hadde ved kompletteringen med kompletteringsforholdet mellom Cr03 og P205 ifølge oppfinnelsen praktisk talt ikke forandret seg overfor konsentrasjonen i utgangsbadet. Under gjennomgangen kunne det fastslås en liten økning av aluminium i badet. Aluminiumkonsentrasjo-nen nådde imidlertid en stasjonær verdi som lå i størrelsesorden på 3 g/l aluminium. Da aluminiumet avaktiverte en del av det i badet tilstedeværende fluorid, ble den samlede fluorkonsentrasjon under gjennomgangen øket tii 7—9 g/l. Kation-utveksleren ble, så snart det i badet gjorde The completion was measured so that, under the treatment conditions stated above, an overcoat appeared with a layer weight of 4-5 g/m2. Through the chromatising bath, 14 m2 of aluminum surface per 1 1. bathroom volume. After the implementation of this surface, the P2Os concentration in the chromating bath amounted to 34 g/l, i.e. it had practically not changed compared to the concentration in the starting bath during the completion with the completion ratio between CrO3 and P2O5 according to the invention. During the review, a small increase in aluminum in the bathroom could be determined. However, the aluminum concentration reached a stationary value of the order of 3 g/l aluminium. When the aluminum deactivated part of the fluoride present in the bath, the overall fluoride concentration during the review was increased to 7-9 g/l. The cation exchanger became, as soon as that in the bath did
seg merkbart en økning av fremmedkationer, igjen med 15 pst.ig saltsyre overført a noticeable increase in foreign cations, again with 15 percent hydrochloric acid transferred
i H-formen og deretter vlderebenyttet. For-bruket av kromateringsoppløsning utgjorde in the H-shape and then the vldere used. The consumption of chromating solution was
4,5 g/m2 Cir03, 4,9 g/m2 P205, 2,2 g/m» 4.5 g/m2 Cir03, 4.9 g/m2 P205, 2.2 g/m»
HF. Analyse av utvekslereloatene viste at HF. Analysis of the exchange lots showed that
det pr. m2 behandlet overflate av fremmedkationer ble dannet 0,5 g aluminium og that per m2 treated surface of foreign cations was formed 0.5 g aluminum and
0,65 g krom-III. 0.65 g of chromium-III.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15655571A | 1971-06-24 | 1971-06-24 | |
| US18974671A | 1971-10-15 | 1971-10-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO137417B true NO137417B (en) | 1977-11-21 |
| NO137417C NO137417C (en) | 1978-03-01 |
Family
ID=26853306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO226672A NO137417C (en) | 1971-06-24 | 1972-06-23 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN AROMATIZED COFFEE PRODUCT |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT332208B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE785341A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA966006A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH571314A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2230433C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES403999A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI54041C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2143431B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1339417A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1048256B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL174322C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO137417C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE385350B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1142018A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1983-03-01 | Stephen F. Hudak | Process for aromatizing food substrates |
| DK152326C (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1988-07-25 | Gen Foods Corp | AROMATIZED, TOUGH COFFEE PRODUCT |
| FR2469880B1 (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1987-05-07 | Gen Foods Corp | PROCESS FOR FLAVORING FOOD PRODUCTS AND FLAVORED PRODUCT USED FOR THIS PURPOSE |
| CA1151940A (en) * | 1980-04-10 | 1983-08-16 | William J. Einstman | Soluble coffee product |
| EP0047169A3 (en) * | 1980-09-02 | 1983-01-12 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Single-serving packets of aromatized instant coffee and method of manufacture thereof |
| US5523112A (en) * | 1994-10-24 | 1996-06-04 | Nestec S.A. | Spraying aroma in containers |
| US6699518B2 (en) * | 2001-01-23 | 2004-03-02 | Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. | Method of preparing coffee aromatizing compositions |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1123895B (en) * | 1959-11-03 | 1962-02-15 | Gen Foods Corp | Process for obtaining a coffee aroma suitable for flavoring powdered foods |
-
1972
- 1972-06-17 ES ES403999A patent/ES403999A1/en not_active Expired
- 1972-06-21 SE SE820072A patent/SE385350B/en unknown
- 1972-06-22 DE DE19722230433 patent/DE2230433C2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-06-22 FI FI179872A patent/FI54041C/en active
- 1972-06-22 CA CA145,409A patent/CA966006A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-06-23 FR FR7222890A patent/FR2143431B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-06-23 IT IT5110572A patent/IT1048256B/en active
- 1972-06-23 GB GB2951972A patent/GB1339417A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-06-23 NL NL7208723A patent/NL174322C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-06-23 CH CH948072A patent/CH571314A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-06-23 AT AT543572A patent/AT332208B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-06-23 NO NO226672A patent/NO137417C/en unknown
- 1972-06-23 BE BE785341A patent/BE785341A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2230433A1 (en) | 1972-12-28 |
| FI54041B (en) | 1978-06-30 |
| FI54041C (en) | 1978-10-10 |
| NL174322B (en) | 1984-01-02 |
| GB1339417A (en) | 1973-12-05 |
| IT1048256B (en) | 1980-11-20 |
| DE2230433C2 (en) | 1982-05-06 |
| ES403999A1 (en) | 1976-04-16 |
| CA966006A (en) | 1975-04-15 |
| NO137417C (en) | 1978-03-01 |
| NL7208723A (en) | 1972-12-28 |
| SE385350B (en) | 1976-06-28 |
| FR2143431A1 (en) | 1973-02-02 |
| ATA543572A (en) | 1975-12-15 |
| BE785341A (en) | 1972-12-27 |
| CH571314A5 (en) | 1976-01-15 |
| FR2143431B1 (en) | 1978-03-03 |
| AT332208B (en) | 1976-09-10 |
| NL174322C (en) | 1984-06-01 |
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