NO136456B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO136456B NO136456B NO742292A NO742292A NO136456B NO 136456 B NO136456 B NO 136456B NO 742292 A NO742292 A NO 742292A NO 742292 A NO742292 A NO 742292A NO 136456 B NO136456 B NO 136456B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- potassium hydroxide
- solution
- potassium
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
Links
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NFVZIERLAZUYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[Zn] Chemical compound [K].[Zn] NFVZIERLAZUYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
- H01M8/225—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising particulate active material in the form of a suspension, a dispersion, a fluidised bed or a paste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D1/00—Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D1/04—Hydroxides
- C01D1/28—Purification; Separation
- C01D1/34—Purification; Separation with selective solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/52—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrorer en fremgangsmåte for å gjenvinne kaliumhydroksyd og sinkoksyd fra sinkatopplosninger. Oppfinnelsen vedrorer mer spesielt gjenvinning av brukte elektrolytter fra akkumulator celler med en negativ sink-elektrod.e. The present invention relates to a method for recovering potassium hydroxide and zinc oxide from zincate solutions. The invention relates more particularly to the recovery of used electrolytes from accumulator cells with a negative zinc electrode.e.
Av miljovernhensyn og som et ledd i kampen mot forurensninger har det vært foreslått å erstatte bensindriften av bilene med. elektrisk drift. Den vesentlige hindring for denne erstatning utgjores av de tunge batterier som opplades sakte. I den senere tid. er det foreslått luft-depolarisasjonsceller med negativ sinkelektrode for slike batterier, idet sinken har form av en suspensjon av et pulver i elektrolytten som strommer gjennom cellene. Oppladningen av batteriet bevirkes da ved. å tomme ut den brukte elektrolytt, som utgjores av en losning av kaliumsinkat og ved å erstatte denne elektrolytt med ny elektrolytt som utgjores av en suspensjon av sink i kaliumhydroksyd. Det reiser seg da et sporsmål om å gjenvinne sinken og elektrolytten fra kaliumsinkatlosningene som utgjor den brukte elektrolytt. For environmental reasons and as part of the fight against pollution, it has been proposed to replace the petrol operation of the cars with electrical operation. The main obstacle to this replacement is the heavy batteries that charge slowly. Lately. air depolarization cells with a negative zinc electrode have been proposed for such batteries, the zinc being in the form of a suspension of a powder in the electrolyte which flows through the cells. The charging of the battery is then effected by emptying out the used electrolyte, which is constituted by a solution of potassium zincate and by replacing this electrolyte with new electrolyte which is constituted by a suspension of zinc in potassium hydroxide. A challenge then arises to recover the zinc and the electrolyte from the potassium zinc solutions that make up the used electrolyte.
Elektrolyse av disse oppløsninger for å gjenvinne sink har generelt .vært foreslått, men uansett den metode som anvendes for gjen-vinningen er det sikkert at denne ikke kan gjennomføres i de service-anlegg som utforer oppladning av batteriene. Operasjonene er for kompliserte og krever overvåking som bare kan utfores av spesialister. Disse oppløsninger må derfor behandles i spesielle behandlingsanlegg og deres transport vil da utgjore en meget vesentlig faktor for omdannelsesomkostningene. Electrolysis of these solutions to recover zinc has generally been proposed, but regardless of the method used for the recovery, it is certain that this cannot be carried out in the service facilities that charge the batteries. The operations are too complicated and require monitoring that can only be carried out by specialists. These solutions must therefore be treated in special treatment facilities and their transport will then constitute a very significant factor for the conversion costs.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse tar sikte på å overvinne disse ulemper og dens formål er å tilveiebringe en enkel og billig metode for rensing av elektrolytten og som kan gjennomføres i service-anlegg og som gjor det mulig samtidig å oppnå fast sinkoksyd som er lett transporterbart. The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages and its purpose is to provide a simple and cheap method for cleaning the electrolyte which can be carried out in service facilities and which makes it possible at the same time to obtain solid zinc oxide which is easily transportable.
Formålet for den foreliggende oppfinnelse er således en fremgangsmåte for gjenvinning av kaliumhydroksyd og sinkoksyd fra opplosninger av kaliumsinkat, og det særegne ved fremgangsmåten i henhold, til oppfinnelsen er at et selektivt løsningsmiddel for kaliumhydroksyd. og som er blandbart med vann, tilsettes til sinkatlosningen, det derved oppnådde sinkoksyd-bunnfall filtreres fra og , moderluten behandles for å skille kaliumhydroksydlosningen fra 16 sning smidle t. The purpose of the present invention is thus a method for recovering potassium hydroxide and zinc oxide from solutions of potassium zincate, and the distinctive feature of the method according to the invention is that a selective solvent for potassium hydroxide. and which is miscible with water, is added to the zinc solution, the resulting zinc oxide precipitate is filtered off and the mother liquor is treated to separate the potassium hydroxide solution from 16 sning smidle t.
Ved en foretrukket utforelsesform for oppfinnelsen anvendes det som selektivt losningsmid.d.el etanol eller foretrukket metanol, eller blandinger derav. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, ethanol or preferably methanol, or mixtures thereof, is used as the selective solvent.
Fraskillingen av kaliumhydroksydlosningen fra losningsmidlet kan foretrukket skje ved hjelp av fraksjonert destillasjon. The separation of the potassium hydroxide solution from the solvent can preferably take place by means of fractional distillation.
Volumforholdet mellom metanol og kaliumsinkatlosning er fordelaktig mellom 1 og 5 og foretrukket omtrent 3?0. ■ The volume ratio between methanol and potassium zinc solution is advantageously between 1 and 5 and preferably about 3:0. ■
Andre trekk og fordeler ved oppfinnelsen vil fremgå av den etter-følgende beskrivelse med. utforelseseksempler. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description. embodiment examples.
En elektrolytt som anvendes i en elektrokjemisk celle av sink-luft-typen og som hovedsaklig besto av en suspensjon av sink i kaliumhydroksyd ble undersøkt. Under utladningen av cellen oksyderes sink i suspensjon i kontakt med den negative elektrod.e og blant annet dannes kaliumkarbonat, ved. absorpsjon - av karbondioksyd. i kaliumhydroksydet. An electrolyte used in an electrochemical cell of the zinc-air type and which mainly consisted of a suspension of zinc in potassium hydroxide was investigated. During the discharge of the cell, zinc is oxidized in suspension in contact with the negative electrode and, among other things, potassium carbonate is formed. absorption - of carbon dioxide. in the potassium hydroxide.
Tabell I gir et eksempel på sammensetningen;av en liter av en slikt brukt elektrolytt: Table I gives an example of the composition of one liter of such a used electrolyte:
Oppløsningen kan videre omfatte forurensninger som f.eks. bly, silisiumoksyd, vanadiumoksyd, etc. 1 - 5 volumdeler metanol tilsettes til en volumdel av opplosningen under kraftig roring. Det oppnås delvis en flytende blanding bestående av en opplosning av kaliumhydroksyd. i metanol og på den annen side en fast substans som omfatter et bunnfall av' sinkoksyd, kaliumkarbonat, silisiumoksyd, en rest av sink og noen forurensninger. KaTiumhyd.roksyd.et skilles fra metanolen ved destillasjon idet metanolen med. en gang kan anvendes for regenerering av ytterligere mengder brukt elektrolytt. The solution can also include contaminants such as e.g. lead, silicon oxide, vanadium oxide, etc. 1 - 5 parts by volume of methanol are added to one part by volume of the solution with vigorous stirring. A liquid mixture consisting of a solution of potassium hydroxide is partially obtained. in methanol and, on the other hand, a solid substance comprising a precipitate of zinc oxide, potassium carbonate, silicon oxide, a residue of zinc and some impurities. The potassium hydroxide is separated from the methanol by distillation, the methanol with. once can be used for the regeneration of further quantities of used electrolyte.
Sinkoksydet behandles for å ekstrahere sink, f.eks. ved. varmebehandling med karbon, eller ved indirekte varmebehandling eller ved elektrolyse. The zinc oxide is treated to extract zinc, e.g. by. heat treatment with carbon, or by indirect heat treatment or by electrolysis.
Den folgende tabell II viser mengden av kaliumhydroksyd som kan ekstraheres i mol pr. liter og d.en maksimale mengde av sinkresten i g/l som er tilbake i losningen i forhold til forskjellige metanolmengder tilsatt til en opplosningsmengde som skal behandles. Tabell III viser resultatet av regenereringsbehandlingen for utgangslosningen etter rensing av bunnfallet. The following table II shows the amount of potassium hydroxide that can be extracted in moles per liters and d. a maximum quantity of the zinc residue in g/l that remains in the solution in relation to different amounts of methanol added to a solution quantity to be treated. Table III shows the result of the regeneration treatment for the output discharge after cleaning the sediment.
Det bemerkes at.tapene av kaliumhydroksyd og sink er meget små. It is noted that the losses of potassium hydroxide and zinc are very small.
Fremgangsmåten i henhold, til oppfinnelsen gjor det således mulig på en enkel, effektiv og lonnsom måte å regenerere en elektrolytt på basis av en suspensjon av sink i kaliumhydroksyd. Det bemerkes at hvis regenereringsreaksjonen ikke er fullstendig vil nærværet av en restmengde sinkat i elektrolytten ikke være særlig skadelig. The method according to the invention thus makes it possible in a simple, efficient and profitable way to regenerate an electrolyte based on a suspension of zinc in potassium hydroxide. It is noted that if the regeneration reaction is not complete, the presence of a residual amount of zincate in the electrolyte will not be particularly harmful.
Fremgangsmåten har videre den fordel at den gir en opplosning av kaliumhydroksyd hvorfra karbondioksyd er fjernet uten å kreve noen vanskelig og dyr ekstra behandling. The method also has the advantage that it provides a solution of potassium hydroxide from which carbon dioxide has been removed without requiring any difficult and expensive additional treatment.
Fremgangsmåten kan gjennomføres i automatisk apparatur anordnet på servicestasjoner som gjennomfører fornyet oppladning av akkumulatorer. The procedure can be carried out in automatic equipment arranged at service stations which carry out renewed charging of accumulators.
For gjennomforing av oppfinnelsen kan man anvende andre selektive løsningsmidler for kaliumhydroksyd., således etanol, eller blandinger av slike selektive løsningsmidler. For carrying out the invention, other selective solvents for potassium hydroxide can be used, such as ethanol, or mixtures of such selective solvents.
Oppfinnelsen kan anvendes for alle elektrokjemiske celler med. en negativ sinkelektrode hvor elektrolytten skal renses med sikte på gjenvinning. The invention can be used for all electrochemical cells with a negative zinc electrode where the electrolyte is to be purified with a view to recycling.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7323374A FR2235085B1 (en) | 1973-06-26 | 1973-06-26 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO742292L NO742292L (en) | 1975-01-20 |
| NO136456B true NO136456B (en) | 1977-05-31 |
| NO136456C NO136456C (en) | 1977-09-07 |
Family
ID=9121596
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO742292A NO136456C (en) | 1973-06-26 | 1974-06-24 | PROCEDURES FOR RECYCLING COH AND ZNO FROM POTASSIUM SINCAT READINGS. |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5037693A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE816330A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1021532A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2428062A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES427631A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2235085B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1426417A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1019672B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU70373A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7408558A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO136456C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8524177B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-09-03 | Canadus Chemical LLC | Process for purifying zinc oxide |
-
1973
- 1973-06-26 FR FR7323374A patent/FR2235085B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-06-11 DE DE19742428062 patent/DE2428062A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-06-14 BE BE1006023A patent/BE816330A/en unknown
- 1974-06-20 LU LU70373A patent/LU70373A1/xx unknown
- 1974-06-21 GB GB2763474A patent/GB1426417A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-21 CA CA203,139A patent/CA1021532A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-24 NO NO742292A patent/NO136456C/en unknown
- 1974-06-25 NL NL7408558A patent/NL7408558A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-06-25 JP JP7194474A patent/JPS5037693A/ja active Pending
- 1974-06-25 ES ES427631A patent/ES427631A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-28 IT IT2450574A patent/IT1019672B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2235085A1 (en) | 1975-01-24 |
| DE2428062A1 (en) | 1975-01-16 |
| NO742292L (en) | 1975-01-20 |
| IT1019672B (en) | 1977-11-30 |
| FR2235085B1 (en) | 1976-05-28 |
| AU7031574A (en) | 1976-01-08 |
| ES427631A1 (en) | 1976-10-16 |
| LU70373A1 (en) | 1975-03-27 |
| BE816330A (en) | 1974-12-16 |
| NO136456C (en) | 1977-09-07 |
| CA1021532A (en) | 1977-11-29 |
| GB1426417A (en) | 1976-02-25 |
| JPS5037693A (en) | 1975-04-08 |
| NL7408558A (en) | 1974-12-30 |
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