NO128956B - - Google Patents
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- NO128956B NO128956B NO472268A NO472268A NO128956B NO 128956 B NO128956 B NO 128956B NO 472268 A NO472268 A NO 472268A NO 472268 A NO472268 A NO 472268A NO 128956 B NO128956 B NO 128956B
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- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- thermosetting
- film
- dry matter
- linking agent
- Prior art date
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical class O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- QCTJRYGLPAFRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoic acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 QCTJRYGLPAFRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002706 dry binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical class CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003270 Cymel® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150050192 PIGM gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004159 Potassium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGCOKJWKWLYHTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [[4,6-bis[bis(hydroxymethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-(hydroxymethyl)amino]methanol Chemical compound OCN(CO)C1=NC(N(CO)CO)=NC(N(CO)CO)=N1 YGCOKJWKWLYHTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QIXQKSUQOREWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;sulfo cyanate Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)OC#N QIXQKSUQOREWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C=C YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003998 snake venom Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/495—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as oligomers or polymers
- C04B41/4961—Polyorganosiloxanes, i.e. polymers with a Si-O-Si-O-chain; "silicones"
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
- C04B41/64—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal of carbon-to-silicon linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00586—Roofing materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/21—Efflorescence resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte ved impregnering av Procedure for impregnation of
asbestsementmaterialer som inneholder fri asbestos cement materials containing free
kalk. lime.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte ved impregnering av asbestsementmaterialer, og spesielt taktekningsplater av asbestsement, som inneholder fri kalk. The present invention relates to a method for the impregnation of asbestos cement materials, and in particular roofing sheets of asbestos cement, which contain free lime.
I henhold til belgisk patentskrift nr. 5^2.765 påfores der, According to Belgian patent document No. 5^2,765 there is imposed,
i to trinn, på et konstruksjonsmateriale som skal impregneres, en væske som hindrer utskillelse av fri kalk, og som f.eks. inneholder en acrylferniss og en impregneringsblanding inneholdende en organisk siliciumforbindelse. I henhold til belgisk patentskrift nr. in two stages, on a construction material to be impregnated, a liquid that prevents the excretion of free lime, and which e.g. contains an acrylic varnish and an impregnation mixture containing an organic silicon compound. According to Belgian patent document no.
5^+3• 887 påfores der i én enkelt operasjon en emulsjon som hindrer utskillelse av fri kalk, og som f.eks. inneholder polymerisater av alkylacrylater og/eller -methacrylater, og en emulsjon av en organisk siliciumforbindelse. I henhold til belgisk patent- x skrift nr. 580.98M- velges .siliciumforbindelsen som 5^+3• 887 an emulsion is applied there in a single operation which prevents the excretion of free lime, and which e.g. contains polymers of alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates, and an emulsion of an organic silicon compound. According to Belgian patent document No. 580.98M, the silicon compound is chosen as
skal hindre utskillelsen av fri kalk, blant sampolymerisater av acrylsyreestere og methacrylsyreestere med styren, a-methylstyren og vinyltoluen, sampolyarerisater av vinylklorid med vinylacetat, av butadien med styren og av butadien med acrylnitril, polyvinyl-polymerisater, polyethylenpolymerisater og polypropylenpolymeri-sater. Endelig er det i belgisk patentskrift nr. '556.493' beskrevet impregnerings blandinger som inneholder siliconer, termoplastiske acrylharpikser og pigmenter. must prevent the excretion of free lime, among copolymers of acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters with styrene, α-methylstyrene and vinyltoluene, copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate, of butadiene with styrene and of butadiene with acrylonitrile, polyvinyl polymers, polyethylene polymers and polypropylene polymers. Finally, Belgian patent document No. '556,493' describes impregnation mixtures containing silicones, thermoplastic acrylic resins and pigments.
Det er velkjent at agglomerater av asbestsement, såsom taktekningsplater, korrugerte plater og lignende, som anvendes for taktekkingsformål,'har god aldringsbestandighet men er beheftet med den mangel at de forvitrer som folge av frigjoring av kalsium-hydroxyd fra det hydrolytiske bindemiddel. Dessuten gjennom-trenges disse agglomerater av vann på grunn av deres pordsitet, og dette kan medfore mosevekst, spesielt i nærheten av trær. Dessuten kan vannet som trenger inn i det indre av agglomeratene fryse om vinteren og fore til nedbrytning av agglomeratene. It is well known that agglomerates of asbestos cement, such as roofing sheets, corrugated sheets and the like, which are used for roofing purposes, have good aging resistance but suffer from the disadvantage that they weather as a result of the release of calcium hydroxide from the hydrolytic binder. Moreover, these agglomerates are penetrated by water due to their porosity, and this can lead to moss growth, especially near trees. In addition, the water that penetrates into the interior of the agglomerates can freeze in winter and cause the agglomerates to break down.
Disse ulemper overkommes ved anvendelse av impregneringsblandingene som er beskrevet i de fire ovenfor omtalte belgiske patentskrifter. These disadvantages are overcome by using the impregnation mixtures described in the four Belgian patents mentioned above.
Det har nu vist seg at når plater som er blitt impregnert It has now been shown that when plates that have been impregnated
på denne måte, stables på hverandre i stort antall for lagrings-formål hender det av og til at de kleber seg mer eller mindre fast til hverandre over endel av overflaten. Ulempene med denne sammenklebing er på den ene side at den hemmer håndteringen av platene og på den annen side at sammenklebingen kan være så sterk at det beskyttende belegg delvis avskalles når platene fra-skilles, hvilket ikke bare skjemmer platenes dekorative utseende men også deres bruksegenskaper. in this way, piled on top of each other in large numbers for storage purposes, it sometimes happens that they stick more or less firmly to each other over part of the surface. The disadvantages of this bonding are, on the one hand, that it hampers the handling of the plates and, on the other hand, that the bonding can be so strong that the protective coating partially peels off when the plates are separated, which not only spoils the plates' decorative appearance but also their usability.
Det er- å merke at impregneringsblandingene som hittil er beskrevet, inneholder utelukkende termoplastiske filmdannende materialer, dvs. materialer som smelter ved oppvarmning. It should be noted that the impregnation mixtures described so far contain exclusively thermoplastic film-forming materials, i.e. materials which melt when heated.
Det har nu vist seg mulig å avhjelpe fullstendig ulempen med sammenklebing av platene, samtidig som de fordelaktige tekno-logiske egenskaper, såsom god hydrofob virkning, bestandighet mot forvitring, et estetisk utseende og lignende, fullt ut bibe-holdes, når de termoplastiske filmdannende materialer i de ovenfor omtalte impregneringsblandinger erstattes med varmherdende filmdannende materialer. Således unngås ikke bare at platene kleber til hverandre, men overflatene får også en meget stor hardhet. Folgelig er de langt mer resistente overfor skraping, hvilket med-forer at de bedre bibeholder det onskede utseende. It has now proved possible to completely remedy the disadvantage of gluing the plates together, while at the same time the advantageous technological properties, such as good hydrophobic effect, resistance to weathering, an aesthetic appearance and the like, are fully maintained, when the thermoplastic film-forming materials in the above-mentioned impregnation mixtures are replaced with thermosetting film-forming materials. This not only prevents the plates from sticking to each other, but also gives the surfaces a very high hardness. Consequently, they are far more resistant to scratching, which means that they better retain the desired appearance.
Ved hjelp av oppfinnelsen tilveiebringes der således en fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav l's overbegrep, og fremgangsmåten er særpreget ved at harpiksen (b) er et filmdannende, termoherdende polymermateriale fremstilt fra methacryl- eller acrylmonomerer og eventuelt andre vinylmonomerer og With the help of the invention, there is thus provided a method as stated in the preamble of claim 1, and the method is characterized by the fact that the resin (b) is a film-forming, thermosetting polymer material made from methacrylic or acrylic monomers and possibly other vinyl monomers and
(1) copolymerisert med minst ett copolymeriserbart tverrbindingsmiddel bestående av N-methylolacrylamid, N-alkoxymethylacrylamider, N-methylolmethacrylamid, N-alkoxymethylmethacrylamider (1) copolymerized with at least one copolymerizable cross-linking agent consisting of N-methylolacrylamide, N-alkoxymethylacrylamides, N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-alkoxymethylmethacrylamides
eller methylolert melaminacrylat, eller or methylolated melamine acrylate, or
(2) i blanding med minst ett tverrbindingsmiddel bestående av epoxyharpikser eller alkylerte eller ualkylerte melaminformaldehydkondensater, eller (3) copolymerisert med minst ett copolymeriserbart tverrbindingsmiddel bestående av N-methylacrylamid, N-alkoxymethylacrylamider, N-methylolmethacrylamid, N-alkoxymethylmethacrylamider eller methylolert melaminacrylat, og i blanding med minst ett tverrbindingsmiddel bestående av epoxyharpikser eller alkylerte (2) in admixture with at least one cross-linking agent consisting of epoxy resins or alkylated or unalkylated melamine formaldehyde condensates, or (3) copolymerized with at least one copolymerizable cross-linking agent consisting of N-methylacrylamide, N-alkoxymethylacrylamides, N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-alkoxymethylmethacrylamides or methylolated melamine acrylate, and in mixture with at least one cross-linking agent consisting of epoxy resins or alkylated ones
eller ualkylerte melaminformaldehydkondensater, or unalkylated melamine formaldehyde condensates,
idet den således påforte komposisjon underkastes en varmebehandling for å herde komposisjonen. the thus applied composition being subjected to a heat treatment to harden the composition.
Med asbestsementmaterialer forstås materialer som anvendes for taktekking, og som er fremstilt av asbestfibre, Portland-sement, vann og eventuelt også mineralske fyllstoffer og pigmenter. I den fblgende beskrivelse er disse asbestsementmaterialer ganske enkelt betegnet som "plater". Et meget velkjent eksempel på et platemateriale er et som inneholder 8h% Portland-sement og 16% asbestfibre. Asbestos cement materials are understood to mean materials used for roofing, which are made from asbestos fibres, Portland cement, water and possibly also mineral fillers and pigments. In the following description, these asbestos cement materials are simply referred to as "sheets". A very well known example of a board material is one containing 8h% Portland cement and 16% asbestos fibres.
Siliconene som anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen, er alkyl-, aryl- og aralkylpolysiloxaner og blandinger av slike0 De kan også inneholde hydrogenatomer bundet til siliciumatomene. Disse siliconer fremstilles på kjent måte. De er oljeaktige materialer eller harpiksaktige materialer, hvor vektforholdet R:Si er mellom 0,6 og 2,1. The silicones used in the method according to the invention are alkyl, aryl and aralkyl polysiloxanes and mixtures thereof. They may also contain hydrogen atoms bound to the silicon atoms. These silicones are produced in a known manner. They are oily materials or resinous materials, where the weight ratio R:Si is between 0.6 and 2.1.
Siliconene anvendes i henhold til oppfinnelsen i form av opp-løsninger i organiske opplosningsmidler eller i form av vandige emuls joner. The silicones are used according to the invention in the form of solutions in organic solvents or in the form of aqueous emulsions.
I de tilfeller hvor de anvendes i form av oppløsninger, kan de anvendes direkte i form av de opplbsninger som erholdes ved fremstillingen. Det er imidlertid også mulig å fortynne dem med organiske opplosningsmidler eller å konsentrere dem ved å fjerne en del av opplbsningsmidlet. Siliconopplosningene har vanligvis et torrstoffinnhold mellom 10 og 60 vektprosent, fortrinnsvis mellom <>>+0 og 50 vektprosent. In cases where they are used in the form of solutions, they can be used directly in the form of the solutions obtained during manufacture. However, it is also possible to dilute them with organic solvents or to concentrate them by removing part of the solvent. The silicone solutions usually have a solids content between 10 and 60 percent by weight, preferably between <>>+0 and 50 percent by weight.
Et eksempel på en siliconopplosning som kan anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifblge oppfinnelsen, er som folger: An example of a silicone solution that can be used in the method according to the invention is as follows:
Også ved fremstillingen av en vandig emulsjon av siliconet kan man starte med en opplosning av siliconet i et organisk opplosningsmiddel såsom den der fåes ved fremstillingen av siliconet, hvilken opplosning helles over i vann til hvilket det på forhånd er tilsatt et anionisk, kationisk eller ikke-ionisk emulgeringsmiddel, hvoretter blandingen emulgeres ved kraftig mekanisk omroring frembragt ved hjelp av en rorer med stor omdreiningshastighet, en kolloidmblle eller lignende. Den således erholdte vandige siliconemulsjon inneholder mellom 10 og 50 vektprosent, fortrinnsvis mellom 10 og 20 vektprosent, tbrrstoff. Also in the production of an aqueous emulsion of the silicone, one can start with a solution of the silicone in an organic solvent such as that obtained in the production of the silicone, which solution is poured into water to which an anionic, cationic or non- ionic emulsifier, after which the mixture is emulsified by vigorous mechanical stirring produced by means of a stirrer with a high rotational speed, a colloid bubble or the like. The aqueous silicone emulsion thus obtained contains between 10 and 50 percent by weight, preferably between 10 and 20 percent by weight, of fiber.
I det fblgende er det gitt noen eksempler på vandige silicon-emuls joner : In the following, some examples of aqueous silicon emulsion ions are given:
Monomerene som anvendes ved fremstillingen av det termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b) er aerylsyre og methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, hexyl- og 2-ethyl-hexylacrylater og lignende og methacrylsyre og methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, isoamyl-, decyl- og dodecylmethacrylater og lignende, idet methacrylsyreestere foretrekkes på grunn av deres bedre bestandighet overfor hydrolyse og deres storre hårdhet. The monomers used in the production of the thermosetting, film-forming material (b) are arelic acid and methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, hexyl- and 2-ethyl-hexyl acrylates and the like and methacrylic acid and methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, isoamyl- , decyl and dodecyl methacrylates and the like, methacrylic acid esters being preferred because of their better resistance to hydrolysis and their greater hardness.
Vinylmonomerene som eventuelt kan eopolymeriseres med acryl-og/eller methacrylmonomerene for fremstilling av termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b) innbefatter f.eks. styren; a-methylstyren, vinyltoluen, vinylklorid og vinylacetat. The vinyl monomers which can optionally be polymerized with the acrylic and/or methacrylic monomers for the production of thermosetting, film-forming material (b) include e.g. styrene; α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
Tverrbindingsmidlet som benyttes ved fremstilling av det termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b) må gi dette materiale tredimen-sjonale strukturer etter at det oppvarmes. Dette tverrbindingsmiddel må eopolymeriseres med rrfethacryl- eller acrylmonomerene og eventuelt vinylmonomere som tilfores komposisjonen av det termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b). I dette tilfelle må midlet være copolymeriserbart med de nevnte monomere og tilsettes under fremstillingen av det termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b) til methacryl-, acryl og eventuelt vinylmonomere. Som eksempler på denne type copolymeriserbart tverrbindingsmiddel kan spesielt nevnes N-methylol-acrylamid, N-alkoxymethylacrylamider, N-methylol-methacrylamid, N-alkoxymethylmethacrylamider , methylolert melaminacrylat, som beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 920,373. The cross-linking agent used in the production of the thermosetting, film-forming material (b) must give this material three-dimensional structures after it is heated. This cross-linking agent must be polymerized with the tetramethacryl or acrylic monomers and possibly vinyl monomers which are added to the composition of the thermosetting, film-forming material (b). In this case, the agent must be copolymerisable with the mentioned monomers and added during the production of the thermosetting, film-forming material (b) to methacrylic, acrylic and possibly vinyl monomers. As examples of this type of copolymerizable cross-linking agent, N-methylol-acrylamide, N-alkoxymethylacrylamides, N-methylol-methacrylamide, N-alkoxymethylmethacrylamides, methylolated melamine acrylate, as described in British patent no. 920,373, can be mentioned in particular.
På den annen side kan også tverrbindingsmidlet blandes med en polymer fremstilt fra de ovenfor nevnte monomere, for å oppnå det termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b). I dette tilfellet må midlet ikke være copolymeriserbart med de nevnte monomere og tilsettes etter polymerisasjonen av disse monomere. Som eksempler på denne type tverrbindingsmiddel kan spesielt nevnes epoxyharpikser, alkylerte eller ikke-alkylerte melamin-formaldehydkondensater, f.eks. hexamethylolmelamin og methylerte derivater derav, og lignende. Endelig kan den sistnevnte type tverrbindingsmiddel også blandes med copolymere som allerede inneholder et copolymeriserbart tverrbindingsmiddel, for å oppnå det termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b). On the other hand, the cross-linking agent can also be mixed with a polymer produced from the above-mentioned monomers, in order to obtain the thermosetting, film-forming material (b). In this case, the agent must not be copolymerizable with the mentioned monomers and must be added after the polymerization of these monomers. Examples of this type of cross-linking agent include epoxy resins, alkylated or non-alkylated melamine-formaldehyde condensates, e.g. hexamethylolmelamine and methylated derivatives thereof, and the like. Finally, the latter type of cross-linking agent can also be mixed with copolymers that already contain a copolymerizable cross-linking agent, to obtain the thermosetting, film-forming material (b).
Fremgangsmåten for fremstillingen av termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b) som benyttes ved fremgangsmåten ifblge oppfinnelsen, er kjent og består i at man i vandig emulsjon eller i et organisk opplosningsmiddel polymeriserer de ovennevnte monomere, eventuelt sammen med det copolymeriserbare tverrbindingsmidlet, i nærvær av polymeriseringskatalysatorer, såsom persalter, hydrogenperoxyd (polymerisering i vandig emulsjon), organiske peroxyder, såsom ben-zoylperoxyd, lauroylperoxyd og lignende (polymerisering i organisk opplosning) eller en redoxkatalysator. Dersom de således fremstilte emulsjoner eller losninger ikke inneholder et copolymeriserbart tverrbindingsmiddel som ovenfor forklart, tilsettes deretter et tverrbindingsmiddel til disse. De således fremstilte oppløsninger og/eller emulsjoner kan anvendes som sådanne eller i mer eller mindre konsentrert form. Dettermoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b) benyttes i form av opplesninger i organiske opplbsningsmidler eller i form av vandige emulsjoner som inneholder mellom 30 og 60 vektprosent, fortrinnsvis mellom 30 og h0 vektprosent, torrstoff. Arten av åcryl- og/eller vinylmonomerene og mengdeforholdene mellom disse velges således at det erholdes et hardt belegg som ikke er klebende etter utherdingen. Tverrbindingsmidlet anvendes i en mengde av mellom 2 og 25 vektprosent beregnet på den totale mengde filmdannende, termoherdende materiale (b), fortrinnsvis i en mengde av mellom 5 °g 17 vektprosent. The method for the production of thermosetting, film-forming material (b) which is used in the method according to the invention is known and consists in polymerizing the above-mentioned monomers in an aqueous emulsion or in an organic solvent, possibly together with the copolymerizable cross-linking agent, in the presence of polymerization catalysts, such as persalts, hydrogen peroxide (polymerization in aqueous emulsion), organic peroxides, such as benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide and the like (polymerization in organic solution) or a redox catalyst. If the emulsions or solutions prepared in this way do not contain a copolymerizable cross-linking agent as explained above, a cross-linking agent is then added to these. The solutions and/or emulsions thus prepared can be used as such or in more or less concentrated form. This thermosetting, film-forming material (b) is used in the form of solutions in organic solvents or in the form of aqueous emulsions containing between 30 and 60 percent by weight, preferably between 30 and 10 percent by weight, of dry matter. The nature of the acrylic and/or vinyl monomers and the ratios between these are chosen so that a hard coating is obtained which is not sticky after curing. The cross-linking agent is used in an amount of between 2 and 25 percent by weight calculated on the total amount of film-forming, thermosetting material (b), preferably in an amount of between 5 °g and 17 percent by weight.
I det folgende er det gitt fire eksempler på komposisjoner inneholdende termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b), nemlig vandige emulsjoner D, E og F og organisk opplosning G: In the following, four examples are given of compositions containing thermosetting, film-forming material (b), namely aqueous emulsions D, E and F and organic solution G:
I en 2-liters, 4-helset "Pyrex"-rundkolbe utstyrt med rore-verk, termometer, tilbekelopskjoler og dråpetrekt (for innfbring av monomerene) tilsettes 598,4 g venn. Temperaturen heves til 80°C, 1,5 g natriumelkylsulfonet tilsettes og likeledes 0,1 g kaliumpersulfat, hvoretter man straks påbegynner tilfdrselen gjennom dråpetrakten av en suspensjon ev de folgende monomere: In a 2-liter, 4-necked "Pyrex" round flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, addition funnel and dropping funnel (for introducing the monomers) 598.4 g of venin are added. The temperature is raised to 80°C, 1.5 g of the sodium alkyl sulphone is added and likewise 0.1 g of potassium persulphate, after which the supply through the dropping funnel of a suspension or the following monomers is immediately started:
Under tilsetningen ev disse monomere, som ter ca. 4 timer, holdes suspensjonen homogen ved omroring. Reeksjonsmediet holdes ved 80°C ved hjelp ev en pessende kjoleinnretning. During the addition of these monomers, which contain approx. 4 hours, the suspension is kept homogeneous by stirring. The reaction medium is kept at 80°C with the help, if necessary, of a stirring device.
Etter et monomerene er tilfort, heves temperaturen til 90°C, hvor den holdes i 30 minutter. Den erholdte emulsjon blir så evkjdlt. Den betegnes emulsjon D. After the monomers have been added, the temperature is raised to 90°C, where it is held for 30 minutes. The emulsion obtained is then evjdlt. It is called emulsion D.
Jtenne emulsjon fremstilles på tilsvarende måte som emulsjon D. This emulsion is prepared in a similar way to emulsion D.
Denne emulsjon fremstilles på tilsvarende måte som emulsjon D. Til 100 vektdeler av denne emulsjon tilsettes etter polymeri-seringen 14 vektdeler ev en 60 %-ig vendig opplosning ev hexe-methoxymethyl-melemin (solgt under verenevnet "CYMEL 300" som tverrbindingsmiddel. This emulsion is prepared in a similar way to emulsion D. To 100 parts by weight of this emulsion, after polymerisation, 14 parts by weight, or a 60% reversible solution, or hexe-methoxymethylmelamine (sold under the name "CYMEL 300" as a cross-linking agent, are added.
Denne organiske opplosning fremstilles som beskrevet i eksempel This organic solution is prepared as described in the example
7 i britisk patentskrift nr. 920.373. 7 in British Patent No. 920,373.
For å fremstille emulsjonene og/eller oppløsningene som påfores ved fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen asbestsementmaterialene eller In order to produce the emulsions and/or solutions which are applied by the method according to the invention, the asbestos cement materials or
-platenejblandes emulsjonene og/eller oppløsningene av termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b) med emulsjonene og/eller oppløsningene -platenej, the emulsions and/or solutions of thermosetting, film-forming material (b) are mixed with the emulsions and/or solutions
av siliconene i slike mengdeforhold at mengdeforholdet termoherdende, filmdannende materiale: silicon, beregnet på torrstoffbasis, blir mellom 70:30 og 97:3, fortrinnsvis mellom 75:25" og 85:15. of the silicones in such quantity ratios that the quantity ratio thermosetting, film-forming material: silicone, calculated on a dry matter basis, is between 70:30 and 97:3, preferably between 75:25" and 85:15.
Om onskes, kan der til emulsjonene og/eller oppløsningene som anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen, tilsettes et for-likeliggjorende middel, f.eks. en ethylenglycolether, et glycolace-tat, såsom acetatet av butylenglycol eller en hoyere glycol såsom hexylenglycol eller lignende, for å fremme dannelsen av en film under torringen. En slik tilsetning er konvensjonell i faget, og mengden som tilsettes er mellom 2 og 10 vektprosent, beregnet på polymerisatenes torrvekt. If desired, a compatibilizing agent, e.g. an ethylene glycol ether, a glycolacetate such as the acetate of butylene glycol or a higher glycol such as hexylene glycol or the like, to promote the formation of a film during drying. Such an addition is conventional in the field, and the amount that is added is between 2 and 10 percent by weight, calculated on the dry weight of the polymers.
Videre kan man for å aksellerere tverrbindingen tilsette emulsjonene og/eller oppløsningene ,et tverrbind- Furthermore, to accelerate the cross-linking, a cross-linking agent can be added to the emulsions and/or solutions
ingsfremmende middel, såsom ammoniumnitrat, sinknitrat eller ammon-iumsulfocyanat. Det tverrbindingsfremmende middel kan tilsettes f.eks. i form av en 50%- ig vandig opplosning på det tidspunkt da emulsjonene og/eller oppløsningene skal anvendes, i en mengde av 0,3 - 2% av denne opplosning, beregnet på emulsjonen og/eller opp-løsningen av det termoherdende, filmdannende materiale (b). agent, such as ammonium nitrate, zinc nitrate or ammonium sulphocyanate. The cross-linking promoting agent can be added, e.g. in the form of a 50% aqueous solution at the time when the emulsions and/or solutions are to be used, in an amount of 0.3 - 2% of this solution, calculated for the emulsion and/or solution of the thermosetting, film-forming material (b).
Emulsjonene og/eller opplosningene kan The emulsions and/or solutions can
også inneholde visse mineralpigmenter og/eller organiske pigmenter og likeledes mineralske fyllstoffer og/eller organiske fyllstoffer, spesielt kolloidal kiselsyre, findelt mika, diatomé-jord og lignende. also contain certain mineral pigments and/or organic pigments and likewise mineral fillers and/or organic fillers, especially colloidal silicic acid, finely divided mica, diatomaceous earth and the like.
I det såkalte "bindemiddel", som er summen av tbrrstoffet In the so-called "binder", which is the sum of the fibers
i oppløsningen og/eller emulsjonen av det varmherdende, filmdannende acrylmateriale og tbrrstoffet i opplbsningen og/eller emulsjonen av siliconet, kan mengdeforholdet pigment (fyllstoff^bindemiddel variere mellom 5:95 og 200:100, idet mengdeforholdet fortrinnsvis er mellom 50:100 og 100:100, for å sikre god dekk-evne og god værbestandighet, hvilke egenskaper ville kunne svekkes ved tilsetning av for meget pigment (fyllstoff). in the solution and/or emulsion of the thermosetting, film-forming acrylic material and the fiber in the solution and/or emulsion of the silicone, the quantity ratio pigment (filler^binder) can vary between 5:95 and 200:100, the quantity ratio preferably being between 50:100 and 100 :100, to ensure good coverage and good weather resistance, which properties could be weakened by the addition of too much pigment (filler).
Mengden av bindemiddel som påfores platene, varieres alt etter den bnskede effekt. Vanligvis er denne mengde mellom 10 og 150 g/m overflate som skal impregneres, og fortrinnsvis er den mellom 15 og 50 g/m 2.Det er å merke at disse verdier ikke innbefatter pigmentene eller fyllstoffene. The amount of binder that is applied to the plates is varied according to the desired effect. Usually this amount is between 10 and 150 g/m of surface to be impregnated, and preferably it is between 15 and 50 g/m 2. It should be noted that these values do not include the pigments or fillers.
Emulsjonene og/eller oppldsningene på- The emulsions and/or solutions on
fores platene på en hvilken som helst hensiktsmessig måte, såsom f.eks. med kost, rulle, roterende kost eller sprdytepistol, gjennom en sikt, ved hjelp av pulverspredere, ved neddykning eller lignende. En teknikk som anbefales, men som slett ikke er den eneste mulige, består i å forvarme platene til 50°C, påfdre belegget ved hjelp av en sprdytepistol, torke de belagte plater i en kontinu-erlig virkende ovn ved ca. 160°C i et tidsrom av 3 - 5 minutter eller ved ca. 200°C i 1 - 3 minutter for å avstedkomme tverr-binding og deretter avkjble platene til omgivelsenes temperatur. the plates are lined in any suitable way, such as e.g. with a broom, roller, rotating broom or spray gun, through a sieve, using powder spreaders, by immersion or the like. A technique that is recommended, but by no means the only one possible, consists of preheating the plates to 50°C, applying the coating using a spray gun, drying the coated plates in a continuously operating oven at approx. 160°C for a period of 3 - 5 minutes or at approx. 200°C for 1 - 3 minutes to cause cross-linking and then cool the plates to ambient temperature.
De således behandlede plater er klare for anvendelse og kan stables i store hdyder. The boards treated in this way are ready for use and can be stacked in large heights.
Det er å merke at det allerede er kjent å anvende varmherdende acrylharpikser for impregnering av plater av asebestsement med henblikk på å gjore disse ugjennomtrengelige for vann, og forhindre dannelse av et forvitret utseende forårsaket av kalken i sementen og å forhindre sammenklebning av platene (se britiske patentskrifter nr. 917.418, 940.366, 953.456 og 956.799 samt US patentskrifter nr. 3.105.826 og 3.106.486). Imidlertid er det ikke kjent å anvende polysiloxaner sammen med varmherdende acrylharpikser for disse~formål. Dette nye trekk medfdrer betydelige tekniske fordeler sammenlignet med anvendelse av de varmherdende acrylharpikser alene. Således får platene, når de behandles ved fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen, klart forbedret værbestandighet, som vist ved de forsok som det er redegjort for nedenfor. It should be noted that it is already known to use heat-setting acrylic resins for the impregnation of sheets of asbestos cement with a view to making them impermeable to water, and to prevent the formation of a weathered appearance caused by the lime in the cement and to prevent sticking of the sheets (see British patent documents no. 917,418, 940,366, 953,456 and 956,799 as well as US patent documents no. 3,105,826 and 3,106,486). However, it is not known to use polysiloxanes together with thermosetting acrylic resins for these purposes. This new feature brings significant technical advantages compared to the use of the thermosetting acrylic resins alone. Thus, when the plates are treated by the method according to the invention, their weather resistance is clearly improved, as shown by the tests described below.
Ved forsokene anvendes der esebestsementpleter av en og samme produksjonsserie og med de samme fysikalske og mekaniske egenskaper. Platene har en midlere tykkelse av 4 mm, en spesifikk vekt på 2,27 og en pordsitet av størrelsesordenen 27 volumprosent. Deres nor-male fuktighetsinnhold er av størrelsesordenen 14 %. Når disse plater holdes neddykket i vann i 1 time, absorberer de 350-410 g vann/m , og metning nåes etter 24 timer. På dette tidspunkt inneholder de ca. 1000 g vann/m <2>. In the tests, esebest cement tiles from the same production series and with the same physical and mechanical properties are used. The plates have an average thickness of 4 mm, a specific weight of 2.27 and a porosity of the order of 27 volume percent. Their normal moisture content is of the order of 14%. When these plates are kept submerged in water for 1 hour, they absorb 350-410 g of water/m , and saturation is reached after 24 hours. At this point, they contain approx. 1000 g water/m <2>.
Forsokene eller testene som benyttes for å vurdere resultatene som oppnåes ved impregneringsbehandlinge.n, er de folgende: The trials or tests used to assess the results achieved by impregnation treatments are the following:
a) vurdering av vannperleeffekten. a) assessment of the water bead effect.
b) Måling av vennabsorbsjonen som funksjon av tiden. b) Measurement of the friend absorption as a function of time.
c) Måling av klebetendensen. c) Measurement of the sticking tendency.
d) Måling av overflatehårdheten. d) Measurement of the surface hardness.
Vannperletesten The water bead test
Virkningen av en vannstrom som renner fra en spring ned på The effect of a stream of water flowing from a spring down on
en plate som heller 45° iakttas. Dersom platen ikke er gjort hydrofob, sprer vannstrdmmen seg ut over platen. Dersom imidlertid platen er gjort tilstrekkelig hydrofob, renner vannet på platen i form av klart avrundede dråper på grunn av den store kontekt-vinkel mellom dråpene og den impregnerte overflate. Dersom platen bare er gjort delvis hydrofob, vil vannstrdmmen oppfore seg på en måte som ligger mellom de to nevnte tilfeller. a plate inclined at 45° is observed. If the plate is not made hydrophobic, the water stream spreads out over the plate. If, however, the plate is made sufficiently hydrophobic, the water flows on the plate in the form of clearly rounded drops due to the large contact angle between the drops and the impregnated surface. If the plate is only partially hydrophobic, the water flow will behave in a way that lies between the two cases mentioned.
Fordelen ved en god perleeffekt er den at asbestsementplatene da har mindre tendens til å tilsmusses. The advantage of a good pearl effect is that the asbestos cement sheets then have less of a tendency to become dirty.
Vannabsorbs jonstest Water absorb ion test
På platen som skal testes, påfores der en strimmel ev ugjen-nomtrengelig plastmateriale, slik et der dennes en likesided firkent med sidekent 20 cm. Pleten veies (vekt e), og 100 ml des-tillert vann helles ned i det kvadratiske, grunne basseng som således er dannet, og tillates å stå i 1 time ved romtemperatur. Vennet helles deretter tilbeke i et beger, bunnen ev det grunne besseng tdrres deretter raskt med en absorberende klut, og pleten veies på ny (vekt b). Absorbsjonen pr. m 2il time er lik 25 x (b-a) grem. On the plate to be tested, a strip of non-recyclable plastic material is applied, such as an equilateral square with a side edge of 20 cm. The stain is weighed (weight e), and 100 ml of distilled water is poured into the square, shallow basin thus formed, and allowed to stand for 1 hour at room temperature. The liquid is then poured into a beaker, the bottom or the shallow basin is then quickly dried with an absorbent cloth, and the pellet is weighed again (weight b). The absorption per m 2il hour is equal to 25 x (b-a) grem.
Den samme fremgengsmåte benyttes for å bestemme vennebsorb-sjonen etter en oppholdstid ev vennet i det grunne bassen på hen-holdsvis 2, 4, 8 og 24 timer. The same procedure is used to determine the venna absorption after a residence time of the venna in the shallow pool of 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours respectively.
Test for bestemmelse av klebingen ved trykkbel<g>stning Test to determine the adhesion under pressure load
Stykker av dimensjoner 10 x 10 crn skjæres ut av platene, og disse stables over hverandre, slik at fremsiden av et stykke hviler mot baksiden av det neste o.s.v. Stabelen av stykker presses deretter sammen i en skruepresse som utover et trykk på 1 kg/cm . Pieces of dimensions 10 x 10 crn are cut out of the plates, and these are stacked one above the other, so that the front of one piece rests against the back of the next, and so on. The stack of pieces is then pressed together in a screw press which exerts a pressure of 1 kg/cm.
De sammenpressede stykker anbringes i et elektrisk oppvarmet kammer hvor temperaturen holdes ved 38 - 1°C, og den relative fuktighet holdes på 80 - 5 %. Etter 24 timer skilles stykkene i stabelen fra hverandre for å vurdere klebetendensen. Verdien 0 gis når ingen klebning mellom stykkene iakttas, og verdien 5 gis når stykkene kleber fullstendig sammen. Verdiene 1, 2, 3 og 4 er mellomverdier som gis stykker som hefter til hverandre over hen-holdsvis 20, 40, 60 og 80 io av den totale overflate. The compressed pieces are placed in an electrically heated chamber where the temperature is kept at 38 - 1°C, and the relative humidity is kept at 80 - 5%. After 24 hours, the pieces in the stack are separated from each other to assess the tendency to stick. The value 0 is given when no adhesion between the pieces is observed, and the value 5 is given when the pieces stick completely together. The values 1, 2, 3 and 4 are intermediate values which are given to pieces which adhere to each other over 20, 40, 60 and 80 io respectively of the total surface.
Hårdhetstest etter Persoz Hardness test according to Persoz
Persoz-hårdheten er den overflatehårdhet som måles med en Persoz-pendel i henhold til fransk standard nr. T 30-016. Hårdheten uttrykkes i sekunder. The Persoz hardness is the surface hardness measured with a Persoz pendulum according to French Standard No. T 30-016. The hardness is expressed in seconds.
Fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av testplatene Procedure for manufacturing the test plates
Når impregneringsemulsjoner anvendes, forvarmes asbest-sementplaten til 40 - 50°C i 2 minutter i en tunnelovn med infra-rod bestråling. Impregneringsemulsjonen påfores platen med en sprdytepistol således at det avsettes 16 g tort bindemiddel pr. m , hvoretter platen oppvarmes til 160 C i 5 minutter og deretter tillates å avkjdles. When impregnation emulsions are used, the asbestos-cement sheet is preheated to 40 - 50°C for 2 minutes in a tunnel oven with infrared radiation. The impregnation emulsion is applied to the plate with a spray gun so that 16 g of dry binder is deposited per m , after which the plate is heated to 160 C for 5 minutes and then allowed to cool.
Når organiske oppldsninger anvendes ved impregneringen, When organic solvents are used for the impregnation,
. finner påforingen av impregneringsoppldsningen ved hjelp av en sprdytepistol sted uten forvarmning. Også i dette tilfelle avsettes der 16 g tort bindemiddel pr. m 2, hvoretter platen oppvarmes ved 160°C i 5 minutter og deretter tillates å avkjdles. . application of the impregnation solution using a spray gun takes place without preheating. In this case too, 16 g of dry binder is deposited per m 2, after which the plate is heated at 160°C for 5 minutes and then allowed to cool.
I de fdlgende eksempler er alle deler og prosentvise meng-der på vektbasis. In the following examples, all parts and percentage amounts are by weight.
Eksempel 1 Anvendelse av ikke- pigmenterte emulsjoner Example 1 Use of non-pigmented emulsions
En emulsjon 1.1 som bare inneholder en varmherdende acrylharpiks, sammenlignes med en emulsjon 1.2 som samtidig inneholder en varmherdende acrylherpiks og en siliconherpiks i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Disse emulsjoner påfores esbestsementplatene og varmherdes på den nedenfor beskrevne måte. Sammensetningene av de to emulsjoner var som folger: An emulsion 1.1 which only contains a thermosetting acrylic resin is compared with an emulsion 1.2 which simultaneously contains a thermosetting acrylic resin and a silicone resin according to the invention. These emulsions are applied to the asbestos cement sheets and heat-cured in the manner described below. The compositions of the two emulsions were as follows:
E mulsjon 1. 1 Emulsion 1. 1
Emulsjon 1. 2 Emulsion 1. 2
Resultatene er oppfort i den folgende tabell: The results are listed in the following table:
Denne tabell viser klart den betydelige forbedring som oppnåes ved impregneringsbehandlingene ifolge oppfinnelsen, samtidig med at ingen klebning finner sted. This table clearly shows the significant improvement achieved by the impregnation treatments according to the invention, while no sticking takes place.
Eksempel 2 Anvendelse av pigmenterte emulsjoner Example 2 Application of pigmented emulsions
En emulsjon 2.1, som bare inneholder en varmherdende acrylharpiks og pigmenter, sammenlignet med en emulsjon 2.2 som foruten den samme varmherdende acrylharpiks og de samme pigmenter også inneholder en siliconharpiks. Disse emulsjoner påfores asbestsementplatene og varmherdes deretter på den ovenfor beskrevne måte. Sammensetningene av de to emulsjoner er som folger: An emulsion 2.1, which only contains a thermosetting acrylic resin and pigments, compared to an emulsion 2.2 which, in addition to the same thermosetting acrylic resin and the same pigments, also contains a silicone resin. These emulsions are applied to the asbestos-cement sheets and then heat-cured in the manner described above. The compositions of the two emulsions are as follows:
Emulsjon 2. 1 Emulsion 2. 1
Totalt tbrrstbff = 45 %; vektforhold pigment:bindemiddel = 50:100. Total tbrrstbff = 45%; weight ratio pigment:binder = 50:100.
Emulsjon 2. 2 Emulsion 2. 2
Totalt tbrrstoff = 35 mengdeforhold pigment: bindemiddel = 50:100. Total fiber = 35 ratio pigment: binder = 50:100.
Resultatene som oppnåes, er oppfort i den nedenstående tabell 2: The results obtained are listed in table 2 below:
Også i dette tilfelle vil det sees at der oppnåes forbedringer med hensyn til vannevstdtende egenskaper, samtidig med at ingen klebning inntrer i nærvær av pigmentet. In this case too, it will be seen that improvements are achieved with regard to water-repellent properties, at the same time that no adhesion occurs in the presence of the pigment.
Eksempel 3 Anvendelse ev ikk e- pigmenterte opplosni nger Example 3 Use of non-pigmented solutions
Som opplosning ev vermherdende acrylherpiks envendes.den ovenfor beskrevne opplosning G, og som opplosning av siliconharpiks anvendes opplosning A, som likeledes er beskrevet ovenfor. Forsøks-betingelsene er som angitt i eksempler 1 og 2, bortsett fra at testplatene ikke forvarmes for belegningen utfores. Resultatene av denne test er oppfort i den fdlgende tabell 3: The above-described solution G is used as a solution for heat-curing acrylic resin, and solution A, which is also described above, is used as a solution for silicone resin. The test conditions are as indicated in examples 1 and 2, except that the test plates are not preheated before the coating is carried out. The results of this test are listed in the following table 3:
Eksempel 4 A nvendelse av pigm enterte opp ldsninger Example 4 Use of pigmented solutions
Det benyttes samme acrylharpiksoppldsning og samme silicon-oppldsning som i eksempel 3. The same acrylic resin solution and the same silicon solution are used as in example 3.
Pigm ente rt opp losning 4. 1 ( uten s ilicon) Pigm ente rt op solution 4. 1 (without silicon)
Totalt torrstoff = 37 %\ vektforhold pigment:bindemiddel = 80:10. Total solids = 37%\ weight ratio pigment:binder = 80:10.
Pigme ntert opplosni ng 4.2 ( med si licon) Pixelated resolution 4.2 (with si licon)
Totalt torrstoff = 37 % ; vektforhold pigemtn:bindemiddel = 80:100. Vektforhold acrylharpiks:siliconharpiks (på torrstoffbasis)=81:19. Total dry matter = 37%; weight ratio dyemtn:binder = 80:100. Weight ratio acrylic resin:silicone resin (on a dry matter basis)=81:19.
Resultatene som oppnåes ved denne test, er oppfort i den fdlgende tabell 4: The results obtained from this test are listed in the following table 4:
Også her oppnåes det en meget gunstig effekt ved tilsetningen av en siliconharpiks til den varmherdende acrylharpiks ved be-handlingen av astestsementplatene. Here, too, a very favorable effect is achieved by the addition of a silicone resin to the heat-setting acrylic resin when treating the ash cement boards.
Eksempel 5 A nvendelse av ikke-pigmenterte oppidsninger Example 5 Use of non-pigmented up-dos
En emulsjon 5.1, som bare inneholder en varmherdende acrylharpiks, sammenlignes med en emulsjon 5-2, som både inneholder en varmherdende acrylharpiks og en siliconemulsjon i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Disse emulsjoner påfores asbestsementpLatene og varmherdes på den ovenfor beskrevne mate. De anvendte emulsjoner har de fdlgende sammensetninger: An emulsion 5.1, which only contains a thermosetting acrylic resin, is compared with an emulsion 5-2, which contains both a thermosetting acrylic resin and a silicone emulsion according to the invention. These emulsions are applied to the asbestos cement sheets and heat cured in the manner described above. The emulsions used have the following compositions:
Resultatene som oppnåes ved denne test, er oppfort i den nedenstående tabell 5: Eksempel 6 Sammenligning mellom varmherdende acrylharpiks/silicon harpiks og termoplastis k ac rylharpiks/siliconha rpiks Dette eksempel illustrerer fremskrittet som oppnåes ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen med hensyn til klebetendens og hardhet av impregneringa belegget på asbestsementplatene når en varmherdende acrylharpiks anvendes istedenfor en termoplastisk acrylharpiks i acrylharpiks/siliconharpiks-preparatene. Den termoplastiske harpiks anvendes i form av en emulsjon av den fdlgende sammensetning: The results obtained by this test are listed in the table 5 below: Example 6 Comparison between heat-setting acrylic resin/silicone resin and thermoplastic acrylic resin/silicone resin This example illustrates the progress achieved by means of the method according to the invention with regard to adhesiveness and hardness of the impregnation coating on the asbestos cement sheets when a thermosetting acrylic resin is used instead of a thermoplastic acrylic resin in the acrylic resin/silicone resin preparations. The thermoplastic resin is used in the form of an emulsion of the following composition:
100 deler av emulsjonen TP blandes med 61,5 deler av emulsjon b med 15 i" to rrs tof f innhold og 10 deler vann, og den således erholdte emulsjon TJJ 6 påfores asbestsementplatene på den ovenfor boskrevne mut.e . 100 parts of the emulsion TP are mixed with 61.5 parts of emulsion b with 15 in" to rrs tof f content and 10 parts of water, and the thus obtained emulsion TJJ 6 is applied to the asbestos cement sheets on the above-mentioned mut.e .
Ved testen for bestemmelse av klebetendensen under sammen-pressing rinnes verdier mellom 0 og 3, mens eksemplene 1-5, som illustrerer anvendelsen av preparater ifolge oppfinnelsen, alltid 128956 In the test for determining the adhesive tendency during compression, values range between 0 and 3, while examples 1-5, which illustrate the use of preparations according to the invention, always 128956
gir verdien 0. returns the value 0.
Persoz-hardheten av belegget som fåes ved anvendelse av den termoplastiske emulsjon (TP 6), finnes å variere mellom 120 og 180 sekunder, mens Persoz-hårdheten av beleggene erholdt ved anvendelse av de varmherdende emulsjoner i henhold til eksemplene 1-5 oppviste en hardhet varierende mellom 240 og 300 sekunder. The Persoz hardness of the coating obtained using the thermoplastic emulsion (TP 6) is found to vary between 120 and 180 seconds, while the Persoz hardness of the coatings obtained using the thermosetting emulsions according to examples 1-5 showed a hardness varying between 240 and 300 seconds.
Eksempel 7 Anvendelse av ikke-pigmenterte opplbsninger under tilsetning av et tv errbindin gsmiddel etter pol ymeriser ingen Example 7 Application of non-pigmented solutions with the addition of a cross-linking agent after polymerisation no
Resultatene som oppnåes, er oppfort i den fblgende tabell 6; The results obtained are listed in the following table 6;
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB5414867 | 1967-11-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO128956B true NO128956B (en) | 1974-02-04 |
Family
ID=10470079
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO472268A NO128956B (en) | 1967-11-28 | 1968-11-27 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT292538B (en) |
BE (1) | BE724481A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1811387A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES360767A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1604872A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1256493A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6816638A (en) |
NO (1) | NO128956B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2435052B (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2010-09-22 | Malcolm Gordon Victory | Treatment and method for renovation of porous roof surfaces |
-
1967
- 1967-11-28 GB GB1256493D patent/GB1256493A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-11-21 NL NL6816638A patent/NL6816638A/xx unknown
- 1968-11-27 FR FR1604872D patent/FR1604872A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-11-27 BE BE724481D patent/BE724481A/xx unknown
- 1968-11-27 ES ES360767A patent/ES360767A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-11-27 NO NO472268A patent/NO128956B/no unknown
- 1968-11-28 DE DE19681811387 patent/DE1811387A1/en active Pending
- 1968-11-28 AT AT1159168A patent/AT292538B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1604872A (en) | 1972-04-17 |
DE1811387A1 (en) | 1969-07-10 |
BE724481A (en) | 1969-05-27 |
AT292538B (en) | 1971-08-25 |
NL6816638A (en) | 1969-05-30 |
ES360767A1 (en) | 1970-07-16 |
GB1256493A (en) | 1971-12-08 |
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