NO127473B - - Google Patents
Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO127473B NO127473B NO11868A NO11868A NO127473B NO 127473 B NO127473 B NO 127473B NO 11868 A NO11868 A NO 11868A NO 11868 A NO11868 A NO 11868A NO 127473 B NO127473 B NO 127473B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- phthalocyanine
- acid
- imaging
- layer
- sheet
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 24
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 23
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- SXNLZNGQJWKPAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9,16,23-tetraphenyl-29h,31h-phthalocyanine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2N=C3NC(C4=CC=C(C=C43)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=NC=3NC([C]4C=CC(=CC4=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=NC=3N=C([C]4C=CC(=CC4=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)N=C3N=2)C3=C1 SXNLZNGQJWKPAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxopentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(O)=O JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATCRIUVQKHMXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl ATCRIUVQKHMXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)C)=CC=C21 XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBWFYFHSIFEXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C=O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 XBWFYFHSIFEXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282836 Camelus dromedarius Species 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Br-].[Br-] QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLGQLQSDQXOIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (29h,31h-phthalocyaninato(2-)-n29,n30,n31,n32)platinum Chemical compound [Pt+2].[N-]1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)[N-]3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 YLGQLQSDQXOIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGAUUQHSCNMCAU-ZXZARUISSA-N (2s,3r)-butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O GGAUUQHSCNMCAU-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJHPCNCNNSSLPL-CSKARUKUSA-N (4e)-4-(ethoxymethylidene)-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(=C/OCC)\N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SJHPCNCNNSSLPL-CSKARUKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJRRTHHNKJBVBO-AATRIKPKSA-N (e)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1Cl KJRRTHHNKJBVBO-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQVOPXGNHGTKOD-AATRIKPKSA-N (e)-3-(2-cyanophenyl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1C#N HQVOPXGNHGTKOD-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMNMPRXRQYSFRP-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-2,3-dibromobut-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(\Br)=C(\Br)C(O)=O PMNMPRXRQYSFRP-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YQRRSORFUCNQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydroacenaphthylen-5-yl(phenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=23)CCC3=CC=CC=2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YQRRSORFUCNQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZPCZVOCQJULBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(4-chlorophenyl)imidazolidine Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1N1CN(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CC1 KZPCZVOCQJULBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYEYGPJVIZYKNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylimidazolidine Chemical compound C1CN(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 WYEYGPJVIZYKNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHKAJLSKXBADFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-indandione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)CC(=O)C2=C1 UHKAJLSKXBADFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVFAVJDEPNXAME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(C)=CC=C2C DVFAVJDEPNXAME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUMARJCOGCIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dichloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=C(Cl)C=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2Cl MQIUMARJCOGCIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-methoxy-3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1CN1CCCCC1 OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXXNVJDXUHMAHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-anthracen-9-ylethanone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)C)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=CC2=C1 NXXNVJDXUHMAHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHESOLAAORBNPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)SC2=C1 MHESOLAAORBNPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOCJQSFSGAZAPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2Cl BOCJQSFSGAZAPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTHFZKHHPPHXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4-nitrocyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C)CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 WTHFZKHHPPHXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTGSYRVSBPFKMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tribromoacetaldehyde Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)C=O YTGSYRVSBPFKMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGRXKOBIVTFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibromobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Br)C(Br)C(O)=O FJWGRXKOBIVTFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKUVVAMSXXBMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5-trithia-1,3-diarsabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Chemical compound S1[As]2S[As]1S2 UKUVVAMSXXBMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHQGURIJMFPBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,7-trinitrofluoren-9-one Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C2C3=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C3C(=O)C2=C1 VHQGURIJMFPBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=NC=C(C#N)C(Cl)=N1 KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNXVNZRYYHFMEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dichlorocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical compound ClC1=CC(=O)C(Cl)=CC1=O LNXVNZRYYHFMEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCARTGJGWCGSSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=CC(=O)C=C(Cl)C1=O JCARTGJGWCGSSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POHWTFBFCRBOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-methyl-2-oxochromen-3-yl)acetic acid Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(CC(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C)=CC=C21 POHWTFBFCRBOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVFWYVCDRKRAJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-5-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1Br UVFWYVCDRKRAJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRXMNWGCKISMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Br XRXMNWGCKISMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRBFFJIZAKABSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromooctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(Br)C(O)=O KRBFFJIZAKABSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMNKQTWVJHODOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=O)C(OCC)=CC=C21 IMNKQTWVJHODOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLAMLWHELXOEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O SLAMLWHELXOEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXTHWIZHGLNEPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound O1CCN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXTHWIZHGLNEPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZKUYSJHXBFFGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2516-95-2 Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZKUYSJHXBFFGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZHHYIOUKQNLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5,6-tetrachlorophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C(O)=O WZHHYIOUKQNLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEKJEMDSKURVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dibromofuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(=O)OC1=O GEKJEMDSKURVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYWYYJYRVSBHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 VYWYYJYRVSBHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWFUFLREGJMOIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O LWFUFLREGJMOIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXJBVSMIBWFMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(6-amino-1,4-dimethylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl)-2-phenyl-1-benzofuran-6-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC2=C(C(=C(O2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C2(C(C=C(C=C2)C)N)C)C=C1 YXJBVSMIBWFMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFPHTEQTJZKQAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 AFPHTEQTJZKQAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPMYWFAMBAMPET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-bis(4-aminophenyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1C(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)NC(=O)N1 JPMYWFAMBAMPET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTLLZASEKLGFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-diphenylimidazol-2-one Chemical compound N=1C(=O)N=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OTLLZASEKLGFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLAJDFOBMYBISF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-diphenylimidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C1C1=CC=CC=C1 MLAJDFOBMYBISF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-naphthalen-1-ylethylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCNC(=O)CCC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKBDXTNCBPZMFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 GKBDXTNCBPZMFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWXFCZXRFBUOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1O LWXFCZXRFBUOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDPKJZJVTHSESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorophenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CDPKJZJVTHSESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZHXYRWGRKIXEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethoxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O GZHXYRWGRKIXEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITLQEAMJQIBMBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ITLQEAMJQIBMBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANXBDAFDZSXOPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ANXBDAFDZSXOPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXRFQSNOROATLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzaldehyde Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 BXRFQSNOROATLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIYGNKVPVGTIHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O SIYGNKVPVGTIHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUMNREMXKHAYJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2,3-diphenyl-1,3-dihydropyrazole Chemical compound N1C(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 WUMNREMXKHAYJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVDLGFDMIRNLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dichloro-octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(Cl)C(Cl)CCCCCCCC(O)=O IOVDLGFDMIRNLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJNPIHLZSZCGOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dioxoanthracene-1,8-disulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O IJNPIHLZSZCGOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYVYAPXYZVYDHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-phenanthroquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 YYVYAPXYZVYDHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium iodide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[I-].[I-] UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021581 Cobalt(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021590 Copper(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003345 Elvax® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imidazolidine Chemical compound C1CNCN1 WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DBRVQCOPBJVZAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(O)(O)(O)=O.ClC1=C(C=CC=C1)[N+](=O)[O-] Chemical compound P(O)(O)(O)=O.ClC1=C(C=CC=C1)[N+](=O)[O-] DBRVQCOPBJVZAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFPRJLBZLPBTPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acenaphthoquinone Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C2=O)=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 AFPRJLBZLPBTPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPZUJBCHDOYGSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N acenaphthylene-1,2-dione dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1=CC(C(C2=O)=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 YPZUJBCHDOYGSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYRDKSSFIWVSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetanilide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 DYRDKSSFIWVSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HUVXQFBFIFIDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Al+3].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 HUVXQFBFIFIDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBIBFEHHOULQKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-9-yl(phenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=12C=CC=CC2=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YBIBFEHHOULQKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMNKUHIVVMFOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene-9-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=CC2=C1 YMNKUHIVVMFOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I antimony(5+);pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- OEYOHULQRFXULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic trichloride Chemical compound Cl[As](Cl)Cl OEYOHULQRFXULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic triiodide Chemical compound I[As](I)I IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UKXSKSHDVLQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzilic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)(C(=O)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UKXSKSHDVLQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- WDEQGLDWZMIMJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound OCC1CC(O)CN1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WDEQGLDWZMIMJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940059251 calcium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001640 calcium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940046413 calcium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCTXJBYIXVVFCF-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorotin Chemical compound [Sn]Cl WCTXJBYIXVVFCF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XZQOHYZUWTWZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Br-].[Br-] XZQOHYZUWTWZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HZGMNNQOPOLCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene-5,6-dione Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)C2=C1C=CC1=CC=CC=C21 HZGMNNQOPOLCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZZEMEJKDTZOXOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Ga+3].[Ga+3].[Se-2].[Se-2].[Se-2] ZZEMEJKDTZOXOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIQZBQZKBKLEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 1-[[2-chloroethyl(nitroso)carbamoyl]amino]cyclohexane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound ClCCN(N=O)C(=O)NC1(C(=O)OCC)CCCCC1 FPIQZBQZKBKLEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- PQAXGPJSVFSKAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecachlorophthalocyanine Chemical compound C12=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(N=C2NC(C3=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C3=C2N1 PQAXGPJSVFSKAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940040102 levulinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LBAIJNRSTQHDMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Mg].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2NC(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2N1 LBAIJNRSTQHDMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000474 mercury oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Hg]=O UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCTALTNNXRUUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molport-000-691-724 Chemical compound [Pd+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MCTALTNNXRUUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLGSXVUJWBCURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2-nitrophenyl)methanimine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C=NC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 XLGSXVUJWBCURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSHOEHQTHKGVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylideneamino]pyridine-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C=NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 MSHOEHQTHKGVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C(N=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=C2C(C=CC=C2)=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C4=N1 LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- RBXVOQPAMPBADW-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous acid;phenol Chemical class ON=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 RBXVOQPAMPBADW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011092 plastic-coated paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTNSYVIFWCDUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene-1,2,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C=CC3=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 VTNSYVIFWCDUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCYFOPUXRMOLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=C2C(C=O)=CC=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 RCYFOPUXRMOLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMWXGSWIOOVHEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,6-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC(C=O)=N1 PMWXGSWIOOVHEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GGYFMLJDMAMTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Se] GGYFMLJDMAMTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQMLDSWXEQOSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenemercury Chemical compound [Hg]=[Se] YQMLDSWXEQOSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JACPFCQFVIAGDN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sipc iv Chemical compound [OH-].[Si+4].CN(C)CCC[Si](C)(C)[O-].C=1C=CC=C(C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=N3)C=1C3=CC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 JACPFCQFVIAGDN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- YJPVTCSBVRMESK-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Sr+2] YJPVTCSBVRMESK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001625 strontium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940074155 strontium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylideneantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=S YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemercury Chemical compound [Hg]=S QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Te] OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004772 tellurides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WEQHQGJDZLDFID-UHFFFAOYSA-J thorium(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Th](Cl)(Cl)Cl WEQHQGJDZLDFID-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004319 trichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEKWPPTXWFKANS-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlorocobalt Chemical compound Cl[Co](Cl)Cl IEKWPPTXWFKANS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;6-oxido-4-sulfo-5-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N=NC3=C4C(=CC(=CC4=CC=C3O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFFQNEGBFFGLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vat yellow 2 Chemical compound S1C2=C3C(=O)C4=CC=C5N=C(C=6C=CC=CC=6)SC5=C4C(=O)C3=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GFFQNEGBFFGLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UQMZPFKLYHOJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;cadmium(2+);disulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Zn+2].[Cd+2] UQMZPFKLYHOJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G13/14—Transferring a pattern to a second base
- G03G13/16—Transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G13/22—Processes involving a combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20
- G03G13/24—Processes involving a combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 whereby at least two steps are performed simultaneously
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G17/00—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process
- G03G17/08—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process using an electrophoto-adhesive process, e.g. manifold imaging
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Electrophotography Using Other Than Carlson'S Method (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte for billeddannelse. Procedure for imaging.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for billeddannelse ved sjiktoverføring, hvor et avbildningssjikt som består av svakt sammenbundet elektrisk fotofølsomt materiale er anbragt mellom to ark hvorav minst ett er i det minste delvis transparent for elektromagnetisk stråling som er aktinisk på avbildningssj iktet , og hvor det påtrykkes et elektrostatisk felt over lagstrukturen og foretas en eksponering i billedmønster med elektromagnetisk stråling som avbildningssjiktet er følsomt overfor, og en etterfølgende atskillelse av de to ark. The present invention relates to a method for image formation by layer transfer, where an imaging layer consisting of weakly bonded electrically photosensitive material is placed between two sheets, at least one of which is at least partially transparent to electromagnetic radiation that is actinic on the imaging layer, and where it is impressed an electrostatic field over the layer structure and an exposure is made in an image pattern with electromagnetic radiation to which the imaging layer is sensitive, and a subsequent separation of the two sheets.
Selv om avbildningsteknikker basert på sjiktoverføring av Although imaging techniques based on layer transfer of
et farget materiale er kjent, har disse teknikker alltid vært tungvinte og vanskelig å gjennomføre fordi de var avhengige av a colored material is known, these techniques have always been cumbersome and difficult to implement because they depended on
fotokjemiske . reaksj oner,-' og vanligvis- medførte benyttelse av atskilte sjiktmaterialer for de to funksjoner av billedyis, over-føring og billedfarging. Et typisk eksempel på de komplekse struk-turer og følsomme materialer som.er. blitt benyttet i kjent * teknikk er beskrevet i US-patentskrift 3..091...529. En mer omfattende beskrivelse av kjente.avbildningsteknikker basert på sjiktover-føring finnes i fransk patentskrift .1.478.172.. photochemical. reactions, and usually entailed the use of separate layer materials for the two functions of image dyeing, transfer and image coloring. A typical example of the complex structures and sensitive materials which. have been used in known * technique is described in US patent 3..091...529. A more comprehensive description of known imaging techniques based on layer transfer can be found in French patent document .1.478.172..
Fransk patentskrift 1.478.172 beskriver et avbildingssystem som benytter en lagdannelse som omfatter et fotomottakelig materiale mellom et par ark. I dette avbildningssystem fremstilles en plate som kan oppta et bilde ved å belegge et lag svakt sammen-hengende fotomottakelig avbildningsmateriale på en bærer. Denne belagte bærer kalles giver. Ved forberedelsen til avbildnings-éperasjonen aktiveres avbildningslaget ved å behandle det med et svellemiddel eller delvis virkende løsningsmiddel for materialet eller ved - oppvarming. Dette skritt kan selvfølgelig elimineres' dersom laget inneholder tilstrekkelig gjenværende løsningsmiddel etter å ha blitt belagt på bæreren fra en oppløsning eller en pasta. Det aktiverende skritt tjener den doble funksjon å gjøre avbildningslagets øverste flate svakt klebrig og samtidig å svekke det strukturelt slik at det kan spaltes lettere langs eri skarp linje som definerer bildet som skal reproduseres. Når avbildningslaget er aktivisert, legges et mottakerark ned på dets flate. Et elektrisk felt påtrykkes deretter over gjennomslagssettet mens det blottlegges for et mønster av lys og skygge som representerer bildet som skal reproduseres. Ved atskillelsen av giveren eller arket og mottakerarket spaltes avbildningslaget langs linjene som defineres av mønsteret av lys og skygge som avbildningslaget er blitt blottlagt for, slik at endel av dette lag overføres til mottakerarket, mens den gjenværende del forblir på giverarket slik at et positivt bilde, det vil si en duplikat av originalen frem-bringes på et ark, mens et negativt bilde dannes på det andre. French patent document 1,478,172 describes an imaging system that uses a layer formation comprising a photosensitive material between a pair of sheets. In this imaging system, a plate that can record an image is produced by coating a layer of weakly cohesive photo-receptive imaging material on a carrier. This coated carrier is called the donor. In preparation for the imaging operation, the imaging layer is activated by treating it with a swelling agent or partially effective solvent for the material or by heating. This step can of course be eliminated if the layer contains sufficient residual solvent after being coated on the support from a solution or a paste. The activating step serves the dual function of making the top surface of the imaging layer slightly sticky and at the same time weakening it structurally so that it can be split more easily along the sharp line that defines the image to be reproduced. When the imaging layer is activated, a receiver sheet is laid down on its face. An electric field is then applied over the pass-through set while exposing it to a pattern of light and shadow representing the image to be reproduced. On the separation of the donor or sheet and the receiver sheet, the imaging layer is split along the lines defined by the pattern of light and shadow to which the imaging layer has been exposed, so that part of this layer is transferred to the receiver sheet, while the remaining part remains on the donor sheet so that a positive image, that is, a duplicate of the original is produced on one sheet, while a negative image is formed on the other.
Minst et av giverarket og mottakerarket er i det minste delvis transparent for å tillate eksponering av avbildningsmaterialet for bildet som skal reproduseres. Avbildningslaget tjener den doble funksjon å gi systemet fotofølsomhet samtidig som det skal tjene som fargegiver for det endelig frembrakte bildet; I en form omfatter avbildningslaget et fotofølsomt materiale, såsom et metallfritt ftalocyanin dispergert i et svakt sammenbundet isolerende bindemiddel . At least one of the donor sheet and the receiver sheet is at least partially transparent to allow exposure of the imaging material for the image to be reproduced. The imaging layer serves the dual function of giving the system photosensitivity while also serving as a colorant for the final image; In one form, the imaging layer comprises a photosensitive material, such as a metal-free phthalocyanine dispersed in a weakly bonded insulating binder.
Ved kjente fremgangsmåter, såsom beskrevet i fransk patentskrift 1.478.172 blir lagdannelsen plassert på en transparent ledende elektrode. Deretter blir en andre ledende elektrode plassert over mottakerarket til dannelse av den fullstendige lagdannelse. Vanligvis er den transparente, ledende elektrode en "NESA" glassplate og mottakersidens elektrode er et bøyelig ledende sort papir. Disse elektroder blir deretter forbundet til en spenningskilde, noe som resultere i påtrykningen av et felt over lagdannelsen. I kjente systemer er derfor elektrodene minst så store som det ønskete bildet, og i tillegg må en av elektrodene være i det minste delvis transparent. Det har derfor hittil vært nødvendig å atskille elektrodene før lagdannelsen kan atskilles. Dette krever et ytterligere prosesstrinn i denne fremgangsmåte. I tillegg har giverarket og mottakerarket, når elektrodene er blitt atskilt ved flere anledninger blitt uaktsomt glidd mot hverandre, noe som resulterer i et forvrengt eller ødelagt bilde. In known methods, as described in French patent document 1,478,172, the layer formation is placed on a transparent conductive electrode. Next, a second conductive electrode is placed over the receiver sheet to form the complete layer formation. Usually the transparent conductive electrode is a "NESA" glass plate and the receiving side electrode is a flexible conductive black paper. These electrodes are then connected to a voltage source, which results in the application of a field over the layer formation. In known systems, the electrodes are therefore at least as large as the desired image, and in addition one of the electrodes must be at least partially transparent. It has therefore hitherto been necessary to separate the electrodes before the layer formation can be separated. This requires a further processing step in this method. In addition, the donor sheet and receiver sheet, when the electrodes have been separated on several occasions, have been carelessly slid against each other, resulting in a distorted or broken image.
Formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å frembringe The purpose of the present invention is to produce
en fremgangsmåte hvor nevnte ulemper unngås og hvor det oppnås bilder av høy kvalitet under anvendelse av en forholdsvis enkel oppladningsanordning. a method where the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided and where high quality images are obtained using a relatively simple charging device.
Oppfinnelsen kjennetegnes ved at det først foretas en elektrostatisk ladning av minst ett av de to ark, som på kjent måte er av isolerende materiale, og deretter en eksponering av avbildningssj iktet gjennom ett av arkene. Ved atskillelse av de to ark spaltes avbildningssjiktet langs linjene som defineres av et mønster av lys og skygge og gir et negativt bilde på ett av arkene og et positivt bilde på det andre. Alternativt kan en eller begge flater i lagdannelsen opplades under benyttelse av corona-utladnings-anordninger, for eksempel slike som er beskrevet i US-patentskrifter 2.588.699, 2.777.957, 2885.556 eller ved å benytte ledende valser som beskrevet i US-patentskrift 2.980.834, eller ved friksjons-anordninger som beskrevet i US-patentskrift 2.297.691 eller andre egnete anordninger. The invention is characterized by the fact that at least one of the two sheets, which are made of insulating material in a known manner, is first electrostatically charged, and then an exposure of the imaging layer through one of the sheets. When the two sheets are separated, the imaging layer splits along the lines defined by a pattern of light and shadow, producing a negative image on one of the sheets and a positive image on the other. Alternatively, one or both surfaces of the layer formation can be charged using corona discharge devices, for example those described in US Patents 2,588,699, 2,777,957, 2,885,556 or by using conductive rollers as described in US Patent 2,980 .834, or by friction devices as described in US patent 2,297,691 or other suitable devices.
Elektrodene kan bestå av ethvert egnet ledende materiale. Typiske ledende elektrodematerialer omfatter aluminium, messing rustfritt stål, kobber, nikkel, sink og legeringer av disse. Aluminium foretrekkes fordi den er lett tilgjengelig og'fordi den er en god leder. The electrodes may consist of any suitable conductive material. Typical conductive electrode materials include aluminium, brass, stainless steel, copper, nickel, zinc and alloys thereof. Aluminum is preferred because it is readily available and because it is a good conductor.
Giverens bærer og mottakerarket kan bestå av ethvert egnet isolerende ..materiale. Typiske materialer omfatter polyetylen, polyetylentereftalat, .celluloseacetat, papir, plastikkbelagt papir, såsom plyetylenbelagt papir samt-sammensetninger av-disse. ' "Mylar", et polyester fremstilt ved kondensasjonsreaksjon mellom - etylenglykol og tereftalsyre foretrekkes på grunn av dens fysikalse styrke og på grunn av at den har gode åsolerende egenskaper. The donor carrier and the receiver sheet can consist of any suitable insulating material. Typical materials include polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate, paper, plastic-coated paper, such as polyethylene-coated paper, and compositions thereof. "Mylar", a polyester produced by condensation reaction between - ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid is preferred because of its physical strength and because it has good insulating properties.
Når avbildningssj iktet ikke har tilstrekkelig -lav bindekraft-ved tidspunktet for avbildningen, må det aktiviseres som beskrevet foran..Typiske aktiviserende væsker som- vil bli beskrevet nærmere i det følgende kan omfatte.materiale som-vil. redusere avbildningssj iktets bindekraft. Aktiviseringsmidlet påføres vanligvis avbildningssjiktet umiddelbart forut for avbildningenEthvert egnet flyktig eller ikke-flyktig aktiverende.flytende medium kan benyttes. Typiske materialer omfatter parafin, karbontetraklorid, petroleter, silikonoljer, såsom dimetylpolysiloksaner, langkjedets alifatiske hydrokarbonoljer,.såsom de som vanligvis benyttes som transformatoroljer, trikloretylen,.klorbenzen, benzen, toluen', xylen, heksan, aceton, vegetabilske oljer eller blandinger av disse. Parafin foretrekkes fordi den er lett tilgjengelig og for-damper hurtig. When the imaging layer does not have a sufficiently low binding force at the time of imaging, it must be activated as described above. Typical activating liquids which will be described in more detail in the following may include material which will. reduce the binding power of the imaging medium. The activating agent is usually applied to the imaging layer immediately prior to imaging. Any suitable volatile or non-volatile activating liquid medium may be used. Typical materials include paraffin, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, silicone oils, such as dimethylpolysiloxanes, long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon oils, such as those commonly used as transformer oils, trichlorethylene, chlorobenzene, benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, acetone, vegetable oils or mixtures thereof. Kerosene is preferred because it is readily available and evaporates quickly.
Avbildningssjiktet kan omfatte ethvert egnet fotoledende materiale i et bindemiddel. Typiske fotoledende materialer omfatter fotoledere såsom: substituert og usubstituert ftalocyanin, kina-kridoner, sinkoksyder, kvikksølvsulfid, "Algol Yellow" (CI. nr. 67.300),.kadmiumsulfid, kadmiumselenid, "Indofast brilliant scarlet" The imaging layer may comprise any suitable photoconductive material in a binder. Typical photoconductive materials include photoconductors such as: substituted and unsubstituted phthalocyanine, quinacridones, zinc oxides, mercury sulfide, "Algol Yellow" (CI. no. 67,300), cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, "Indofast brilliant scarlet"
(CI. nr. 71.1.40), sinksulfid, selen, antimonsulfid, kvikksølvok-syd, indiumtrisulfid, titandioksyd, arsensulfid, Pb^O^, gallium-triselenid, sinkkadmiumsulfid, blyjodid, blyselenid, blysulfid, blytellurid, blykromat, galliumtellurid, kvikksølvselenid ogjod-idere, sulfider, selenider, og tellurid.er av vismut, aluminium og molybden. Organiske fotoledere medregnet de som danner komplekser med små mengder (opp til omtrent 5%) av egnete Lewis-syrer, såsom 4,5-difenylimidazolidinon, 4,5-difenylimidazolidinetinon, 4 ,5-bis-(4'-amino-fenyl)- imidazolidinon, l,5-cyanonaftalen, 1,4-dicyanon- (CI. No. 71.1.40), zinc sulphide, selenium, antimony sulphide, mercury oxide, indium trisulphide, titanium dioxide, arsenic sulphide, Pb^O^, gallium triselenide, zinc cadmium sulphide, lead iodide, lead selenide, lead sulphide, lead telluride, lead chromate, gallium telluride, mercury selenide and iodides, sulfides, selenides, and tellurides of bismuth, aluminum, and molybdenum. Organic photoconductors included those that form complexes with small amounts (up to about 5%) of suitable Lewis acids, such as 4,5-diphenylimidazolidinone, 4,5-diphenylimidazolidinetinone, 4,5-bis-(4'-amino-phenyl) - imidazolidinone, 1,5-cyanonaphthalene, 1,4-dicyanone-
aftalen, aminoftalodinitril, nitroftalodinitril, 1,2,5,6-tetra-azocyklooktatetraen-(2,4,6,8,) 3,4-di- (4 '-metoksy-fenyl)-7,.8-dif-eny1-1,2,5,6-tetraazocyklooktatetraen-(2,4,6,8),3,4-di-(4'-fenoksy-fenyl-7,8-difenyl-l,2,5,6-tetraazo-cyklooktatetraen-(2,4,6,8), 3,4,7,8-tetrametoksy-l,2,5,6-tetraazo-cyklooktatetraen-(2,4,6,8), 2-merkaptobenztiazol, 2-fenyl-4-difenyliden-oksazolon, 2-fenyl-4-metoksy-benzyliden-oksazolon, 6-hydroksy-2-fenyl-3-(p-dimetyl-amino-fenyl)-benzofuran, 6-hydroksy-2,3_di-(p-metoksyfenyl)-benzo-f uran ,2 ,3,5 ,6-tet ra (p-metoksy fenyl)- furo- (3,2 f> benzo f uran, 4-dimetyl-amino-benzylidenbenzydrazid, 4-dimetylamino-benzylidenisonikotin-syre-hydrazid, furfuryliden-(2)-4'-dimetylamino-benzhydrazid,5_ benziliden-amino-acenaften,3_benzyliden-amino-karbazol, (4-N,N-dimety1-amino-benzyliden)-p-N,N-dimetylaminoanilin, (2-nitroben-zyliden)-p-brom-anilin, N,N,dimetyl-N'-(2-nitro-4-cyano-benzyli-den)-p-fenylen-diamin, 2,4,difenylkinazolin, 2-(4'-amino-fenyl) naphthalene, aminophthalodinitrile, nitrophthalodinitrile, 1,2,5,6-tetra-azocyclooctatetraene-(2,4,6,8,) 3,4-di-(4'-methoxy-phenyl)-7,.8-dif- eny1-1,2,5,6-tetraazocyclooctatetraene-(2,4,6,8),3,4-di-(4'-phenoxy-phenyl-7,8-diphenyl-1,2,5,6- tetraazo-cyclooctatetraene-(2,4,6,8), 3,4,7,8-tetramethoxy-1,2,5,6-tetraazo-cyclooctatetraene-(2,4,6,8), 2-mercaptobenzthiazole, 2-phenyl-4-diphenylidene oxazolone, 2-phenyl-4-methoxy-benzylidene-oxazolone, 6-hydroxy-2-phenyl-3-(p-dimethyl-amino-phenyl)-benzofuran, 6-hydroxy-2, 3_di-(p-methoxyphenyl)-benzo-furan ,2 ,3,5 ,6-tetra (p-methoxy phenyl)- furo- (3,2 f> benzo furan, 4-dimethyl-amino-benzylidenebenzydrazide, 4-Dimethylamino-benzylideneisonicotinic acid hydrazide, furfurylidene-(2)-4'-dimethylamino-benzhydrazide,5_ benzylidene-amino-acenaphthene, 3_benzylidene-amino-carbazole, (4-N,N-dimethylamino-benzylidene)- p-N,N-dimethylaminoaniline, (2-nitrobenzylidene)-p-bromo-aniline, N,N,dimethyl-N'-(2-nitro-4-cyano-benzylidene)-p-phenylene-diamine, 2 ,4,diphenylquinazoline, 2-(4'-amino-phenyl)
-4-fenyl-kinazolin, 2-fenyl-4(4<1->dimetylamino-fenyl)-7~metoksy-kinazolin-kinazolin, 1,3-difenyl-tetrahydroimidazol, l,3~di(4'-klorfenyl)-tetrahydroimidazol, 1,3~di-fenyl-2-4'-dimety1-amino-fenyl)-tetrahydroimidazol, 1,3~di(p-toly1)-2£(kinolyl-(2<»->J7 ~ tetrahydroimidazol, 3~(4'-dimetyl-amino-fenyl)-5~(4'-metoksy-fenyl-6-fenyl-l,2,4-triazin, 3-pyridyl-(4')-5~(4''-dimetyl-amino-fenyl)-6-fenyl-l,2,4,-triazin, 3,(4'-amino-fenyl)-5,6-difenyl-1,2,4-triazin, 2,5-bis / J'-amino-fenyl-(11 ) J~ 1,3,4-triazol,2,5~ bis/j4'-amino-fenyl-(1' YJ- 1,3,4-triazol,2,5-bis/j4'-(N-ety1N-acetyl-amino)-amino)-fenyl-(1' ) J- 1,3,4-triazol, 1,5-difenyl-3-metyl-pyrazolin,1,3,4,5-tetrafenyl-pyrazolin, l,metyl-2-(3'4'-di-hydroksymetylen-fenyl)-benzimidazol, 2(4'-di-metylamino-feny1)-benzoksazol, 2-(4'-metoksyfenyl)-benztiazol,2,5"(bis^fTp-aminofenyl-iy/- l,3,4-oksydiazol, 4,5-difenyl-imidazolon, 3,-aminokarbazol, sampolymerer samt blandinger av disse. Enhver egnet Lewis-syre (elektron opptaker) kan benyttes under kompleksende betingelser med mange av de forannevnte lettere oppløselige organiske materialer og også med mange mer tungtoppløselige organiske materialer for å gi disse materialer en viktig økning i fotofølsomheten. Typiske Lewis-syrer er 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenon, 2,4,5,7_tetranitro-9~fluo-renon, pikrinsyre, 1,3,5-trinitro-benzen-kloranil, benzo-kinon, 2,5-dilorbenzokinon, 2,6-diklorbenzo-kinon,kloranil, naftokinon-(1,4), 2,3- diklornaftokinon- (1,4), antrakihon, 2-mety1-antrakinon, 1,4-dimetyl antra-kinon, 1-klorantrakinon, antrakinon-2-kar- -4-phenyl-quinazoline, 2-phenyl-4(4<1->dimethylamino-phenyl)-7-methoxy-quinazoline-quinazoline, 1,3-diphenyl-tetrahydroimidazole, 1,3-di(4'-chlorophenyl) -tetrahydroimidazole, 1,3~di-phenyl-2-4'-dimethyl-amino-phenyl)-tetrahydroimidazole, 1,3~di(p-tolyl)-2£(quinolyl-(2<»->J7 ~ tetrahydroimidazole , 3~(4'-dimethyl-amino-phenyl)-5~(4'-methoxy-phenyl-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazine, 3-pyridyl-(4')-5~(4' '-dimethyl-amino-phenyl)-6-phenyl-1,2,4,-triazine, 3,(4'-amino-phenyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine, 2,5 -bis / J'-amino-phenyl-(11 ) J~ 1,3,4-triazole,2,5~ bis/j4'-amino-phenyl-(1' YJ- 1,3,4-triazole,2 ,5-bis/j4'-(N-ethyl1N-acetyl-amino)-amino)-phenyl-(1' ) J- 1,3,4-triazole, 1,5-diphenyl-3-methyl-pyrazoline,1 ,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-pyrazoline, 1,methyl-2-(3'4'-di-hydroxymethylene-phenyl)-benzimidazole, 2(4'-dimethylamino-phenyl)-benzoxazole, 2-(4 '-methoxyphenyl)-benzthiazole,2,5"(bis^fTp-aminophenyl-iy/- 1,3,4-oxydiazole, 4,5-diphenyl-imidazolone, 3,-aminocarbazole, copolymers and mixtures thereof. Any suitable Lewis acid (electron acceptor) can be used und are complexing conditions with many of the aforementioned more easily soluble organic materials and also with many more poorly soluble organic materials to give these materials an important increase in photosensitivity. Typical Lewis acids are 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone, 2,4,5,7_tetranitro-9-fluoro-renone, picric acid, 1,3,5-trinitro-benzene-chloranil, benzo-quinone, 2 ,5-dichlorobenzoquinone, 2,6-dichlorobenzo-quinone, chloranil, naphthoquinone-(1,4), 2,3- dichloronaphthoquinone-(1,4), anthraquinone, 2-methyl-1-anthraquinone, 1,4-dimethyl anthra- quinone, 1-chloroanthraquinone, anthraquinone-2-car-
boksylsyre, 1,5-diklorantrakinon, l-klor-4-nitroantrakinon, fen-antren-kinon, acenaftenkinon,. pyrantrenkinon, krysen-kinon, tio-naftenkinon., antrakinon-1,8-disulfonsyre og antrakinon-2-aldehyd, triftaloyl-benzen-aldehyder såsom bromal og 4-nitrobenzeldehyd,. 2,6-di-klor-benzaldehyd-2, etoksy-l-naftaldehyd, antrasen-9-alde-hyd, pyren-3-aldehyd, oksindol-3-aldehyd,pyridin-2,6-dialdehyd, difenyl-4-aldehyd, organiske fosforsyrer såsom 4-klor-3 nitro-benzen-fosforsyre, nitrofenoler, som 4-nitrofenol og pikrinsyre, syreanhydrider, for eksempel eddiksyre og anhydrid, ravsyreanhyd-rid, maleinsyre-anhydrid, ftalsyre-anhydrid, tetraklorftalsyre-anhydrid, perylen-3,4,9,10-tetrakarboksylsyre og krysen-2,3,8,9-tetrakarboksylsyreanhydrid, di-brom-maleinsyre-anhydrid, metall-halogenider av metallene og metalloidene i gruppene IB og II til VIII i det periodiske system, for eksempel: aluminium-klorid, sink-klorid, ferriklorid, tinn-tetraklorid, (stanniklorid), arsen-tri-klorid, stannoklorid, antimon-pentaklorid, magnesiumklorid, mag-nesiumbromid, kalsiumbromid, kalsiumjodid, strontoimbro.mid, krom-bromid, manganklorid, koboltdiklorid, kobolttriklorid, kupribromid, ceriumklorid, toriumklorid, arsen-tri-jodid, borhalogenid-sammensetninger, for eksempel: bortrifluorid og bortriklorid og ketoner, såsom acetofenon, benzofenon, 2-acetylnaftalen, benzil, benzoin, 5- benzoylacenaften, blacendion, 9-acetylantracen, 9-benzoyl-antra-cen, 4(4-dimetylamino-cinnanoyl)-l-acetylbenzen, aceteddiksyre-anilid, indandion-(1,3)»-(1-3-diketohydrinden), acenaften-kinon-diklorid, anisil, 2,2-pyridil, furil, mineralsyrer, såsom hydrogen-halogenider, svovelsyre og fosforsyre, organiske karboksylsyrer, såsom eddiksyre og substitusjonsproduktene a<y> denne, monoklor-eddiksyre, diklor-eddiksyre, triklor-eddiksyre, fenyleddiksyre, og 6- metyl-cumarineeddiksyre (4), maleinsyre, kanelsyre, benzesyre, 1-(4-dietyl-amino-benzoyl)-benzen 2-karboksylsyre, ftalsyre, og tetraklorftalsyre, alfa-beta-dibrom-beta-formyl-akrylsyre (muco-bromsyre), dibrom-maleinsyre, 2-brom-benzoesyre, gallussyre, 3~ nitro-2-hydroksyl-l-benzoe-syre, 2-nitro-fenoksy-eddiksyre, 2-nitrobenzoesyre, 3-nitro-benzoesyre, 4-nitro-benzoesyre, 3-nitro-4-etoksy-benzoesyre, 2-klor-4-nitro-l-benzoesyre-, 2-klor-4-nitro-l-benzoesyre, 3_nitro-4-metoksy-benzoesyre, 4-nitro-l-metyl-benzoesyre, 2-klor-5-nitro-l-benzoesyre, 3-klor-6-nitro-benzoesyre, 4-klor-3-nitro-l-benzoesyre, 5~klor-3-nitro-2-hydroksy-benzoesyre, 4- klor-2-hydroksy-benzoesyre, 2,4-dinitro-l-benzoesyre, 2-brom-5- nitro-benzoesyre, 4-klor-fenyl-eddiksyre, 2-klor-kanelsyre, 2--cyano-kanel-syre, 2,4-diklorbenzoesyre, 3,5-dinitro-benzoesyre, 3,5-dinitro-salicylsyre, malonsyre, mucinsyre, acetosalicylsyre, benzilinsyre, butan-tetra-karboksylsyre, sitronsyre- cyano-eddiksyre, cyklo-heksan-dikarboksylsyre, cyklo-heksan-karboksylsyre, 9,10-diklor-stearinsyre, fumarsyre, itaconsyre, levulinsyre (lev-ulsyre), maleinsyre, ravsyre, alfa-brom-stearinsyre, citracon- boxylic acid, 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone, l-chloro-4-nitroanthraquinone, phen-anthrene-quinone, acenaphthenquinone,. pyrantrenequinone, chrysenequinone, thionaphthenequinone., anthraquinone-1,8-disulfonic acid and anthraquinone-2-aldehyde, triphthaloylbenzene-aldehydes such as bromal and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde,. 2,6-di-chloro-benzaldehyde-2, ethoxy-1-naphthaldehyde, anthracene-9-aldehyde, pyrene-3-aldehyde, oxindole-3-aldehyde, pyridine-2,6-dialdehyde, diphenyl-4- aldehyde, organic phosphoric acids such as 4-chloro-3-nitro-benzene-phosphoric acid, nitrophenols, such as 4-nitrophenol and picric acid, acid anhydrides, for example acetic acid and anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, perylene -3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid and chrysene-2,3,8,9-tetracarboxylic anhydride, di-bromo-maleic anhydride, metal halides of the metals and metalloids in groups IB and II to VIII of the periodic table, for example: aluminum chloride, zinc chloride, ferric chloride, tin tetrachloride, (stannic chloride), arsenic trichloride, stannous chloride, antimony pentachloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, calcium iodide, strontium bromide, chromium bromide , manganese chloride, cobalt dichloride, cobalt trichloride, cupric bromide, cerium chloride, thorium chloride, arsenic triiodide, boron halide compounds, for example: away rifluoride and boron trichloride and ketones, such as acetophenone, benzophenone, 2-acetylnaphthalene, benzyl, benzoin, 5-benzoylacenaphthene, blacenedione, 9-acetylanthracene, 9-benzoyl-anthracene, 4(4-dimethylamino-cinnanoyl)-1-acetylbenzene, acetoacetic acid anilide, indanedione-(1,3)»-(1-3-diketohydrindene), acenaphthene-quinone dichloride, anisyl, 2,2-pyridyl, furyl, mineral acids, such as hydrogen halides, sulfuric and phosphoric acids, organic carboxylic acids , such as acetic acid and its substitution products, monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, phenylacetic acid, and 6-methyl-coumarinacetic acid (4), maleic acid, cinnamic acid, benzic acid, 1-(4-diethyl-amino- benzoyl)-benzene 2-carboxylic acid, phthalic acid, and tetrachlorophthalic acid, alpha-beta-dibromo-beta-formyl-acrylic acid (muco-bromoic acid), dibromo-maleic acid, 2-bromo-benzoic acid, gallic acid, 3~ nitro-2-hydroxyl- l-benzoic acid, 2-nitro-phenoxy-acetic acid, 2-nitrobenzoic acid, 3-nitro-benzoic acid, 4-nitro-benzoic acid, 3-nitro-4-ethoxy-benzoic acid, 2-chloro-4-nitro-l- benzoic acid-, 2-cl or-4-nitro-l-benzoic acid, 3_nitro-4-methoxy-benzoic acid, 4-nitro-l-methyl-benzoic acid, 2-chloro-5-nitro-l-benzoic acid, 3-chloro-6-nitro-benzoic acid, 4-chloro-3-nitro-l-benzoic acid, 5-chloro-3-nitro-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid, 4-chloro-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid, 2,4-dinitro-l-benzoic acid, 2-bromo- 5-nitro-benzoic acid, 4-chloro-phenyl-acetic acid, 2-chloro-cinnamic acid, 2--cyano-cinnamic acid, 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, 3,5-dinitro-benzoic acid, 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid , malonic acid, mucinic acid, acetosalicylic acid, benzylic acid, butane-tetra-carboxylic acid, citric-cyano-acetic acid, cyclo-hexane-dicarboxylic acid, cyclo-hexane-carboxylic acid, 9,10-dichloro-stearic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, levulinic acid (levulic acid ), maleic acid, succinic acid, alpha-bromo-stearic acid, citracon-
syre, dibrom-ravsyre, pyren-2,3,7,8-tetra-karboksylsyre, vinsyre, organisk sulfonsyre, såsom 4-toluensulfonsyre og benzen-sulfonsyre, 2,4-dinitro-l-metyl-benzen-6-sulfensyre, 2,6-dinitro-l-hydroksy-benzen-4-sulfonsyre og blandinger av disse. acid, dibromosuccinic acid, pyrene-2,3,7,8-tetracarboxylic acid, tartaric acid, organic sulfonic acid, such as 4-toluenesulfonic acid and benzenesulfonic acid, 2,4-dinitro-1-methyl-benzene-6-sulfenic acid, 2,6-dinitro-1-hydroxy-benzene-4-sulfonic acid and mixtures thereof.
I tillegg kan andre fotoledere dannes ved å kompleksbinde In addition, other photoconductors can be formed by complex binding
en eller flere egnete Lewis-syrer med polymerer som vanligvis ikke tenkes på som fotoledere. Typiske polymerer som kan kompleks-bindes på denne måte omfatter følgende materialer: polyetylentereftalat,.polyamider, polyvinylfluorider, polyvinylklorider, polyvinylacetater, polystyren, styren-butadien-sampolymerer, polymetakrylater, silikonharpikser, kloert gummi og blandinger og sampolymerer av disse hvor slike finnes, varmeherdende harpikser, såsom epoksyharpikser, fenoksyharpikser, fenolharpikser, epoksy-fenolsampolymerer, epoksykarbamidformaldehydsampolymerer, epok-symelaminformaldehyd-sampolymerer og blandinger av disse hvor slike finnes. Andre typiske harpikser er epoksyestere, vinylepoksyhar-pikser, tallolje-modifiserte epoksyharpikser, samt blandinger av disse hvor slike finnes. Ptalocyaniner foretrekkes på grunn av deres høye følsomhet og fremragende farge. one or more suitable Lewis acids with polymers not usually thought of as photoconductors. Typical polymers that can be complexed in this way include the following materials: polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides, polyvinyl fluorides, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinyl acetates, polystyrene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polymethacrylates, silicone resins, clear rubber and mixtures and copolymers of these where available, thermosetting resins, such as epoxy resins, phenoxy resins, phenolic resins, epoxy-phenolic copolymers, epoxyurea-formaldehyde copolymers, epoxy-cymelamine-formaldehyde copolymers and mixtures thereof where such exist. Other typical resins are epoxy esters, vinyl epoxy resins, tall oil-modified epoxy resins, as well as mixtures of these where such exist. Phthalocyanines are preferred because of their high sensitivity and outstanding color.
Ethver egnet ftalocyanin kan benyttes til å fremstille det fotoledende lag ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse. Ptalocyaninet kan benyttes i enhver egnet krystallform. Det kan være substituert eller usubstituert både i ringer og rettkjedete deler. Der henvises til en bok med tittelen "Phtalocyanine Compounds" av P.H. Moser og A.L. Thomas, utgitt av Reinhold Publishing Company, 19.63-utgave for en detaljert beskrivelse av ftalocyaniner og deres syntese. Ethvert egnet ftalocyanin kan benyttes i den foreliggende oppfinnelse. Ptalocyaniner som inngår i denne oppfinnelse kan be-skrives som sammensetninger med fire isoindolgrupper sammenleddet av fire nitrogenatomer på en slik måte at.det dannes en konjugert' kjede, idet sammensetningen har den generelle formel (CgHjj^)^<Rn >hvor R er valgt fra gruppen som består av hydrogen, deuterium, litium, natrium, kalium, kobber, sølv, beryllium, magnesium, kalsium, sink, kadmium, barium, kvikksølv, aluminium, gallium, indium, lant,an,'. neodym, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dyprosium, holmium, erbium, tulium, ytterbium, lutesium, titan, tinn, hafnium, bly, silisium, germanium, torium, vanadium, antimon, krom, molybden, uran', mangan, jern, kobolt, nikkel, rhodium, palladium, osmium og platina, og n er en' størrelse som er større enn 0 og lik eller mindre enn 2. Alle andre egnete ftalocyaniner, så som ring- eller alifatisk substituerte metalliske og/eller' ikke-metalliske ftalo-syaniner kan også benyttes dersom det er hensiktsmessig. Typiske ftalocyaniner er: aluminium-ftalocyanin, aluminium-polyklorftalocyanin, antimon-ftalocyanin, bariumftalocyanin, beryllium-ftalosyanin, kadmium-heksadecaklorftalocyanin, kadmium-ftalocyanin, kalsium-ftalocyanin, cerium-ftalocyanin,'krom-ftalocyanin, kobolt-ftalocyanin, kobolt-klorftalocyanin, kobber-4-aminoftalocyanin, kobber-bromklorftalocyanin, kobber 4-klorftalocyanin, kbbber-4-nitroftalocyanin, kobber-ftalocyanin,, kobber-ftalocyanin-sulfonat, kobber-polyklorftalocyanin, deuterio-ftalocyanin, dysprosium-ftalocyanin, erbium-ftalocyanin, europium-ftalocyanin, gadolinium-ftalocyanin, gallium-ftalocyanin, germanium-ftalocyanin, hafnium-ftalocyanin, halogen-substituert-ftalocyanin, holmium-ftalocyanin, indium-ftalocyanin, jern-ftalocyanin, jern-polyhaloftalocyanin, lantan-ftalocyanin, bly-ftalocyanin, bly-polyklorftalocyahin, kobolt-heksafenylftalocyanin, kobber-pentafenylftalocyanin, litium-ftalocyanin, lutesium-ftalocyanin, magnesium-ftalocyanin, mangan-ftalocyanin, kvikksølv-ftalocyanin, molybden-ftalocyanin, naftalocyanin, neodym-ftalocyanin, nikkel-ftalocyanin, nikkel-polyhaloftalocyanin, osmium-ftalocyanin, palladium-ftalocyanin, palladium-klorftalocyanin, alkoksyftalocyanin, alkylaminoftalocyanin, alkyl-merkaptoftalocyanin, aralkylaminoftalocyanin, aryloksyfttalocyanin, arylmerkaptoftalocyanin, kobber-ftalocyanin-piperidin, cykloalkyl-aminoftalocyanin, dialkylaminoftalocyanin, diaralkylaminoftalo-cyanin, dicykloalklaminoftalocyanin, heksadecahydroftalocyanin, imidometyl-ftalocyanin, 1,2-naftalocyanin, 2,3-naftalocyanin, okta-azoftalocyanin, svovel-ftalocyanin- tetraazoftalocyanin, tetxa-4-acetylaminoftalocyanin, tetra-4-amihobenzoylftalocyanin, tet ra -4-aminoftalocyanin, tetraklormetylftalocyanin, tetradiazoftalocyanin, tetra-4,4-dimetyloktaazaftalocyanin, tetra-4,5-difenylendioksyd-ftalocyanin, tetra-4,5-difenyloktaazaftalocyanin, tetra-(6-metyl-benzo.tiazoyl)-ftalocyanin, t et ra-p-metylf enyl-amino ftalocyanin, tetrametylftalocyanin, tetra-nafto-triazolyftalocyanin, tetra-4-naftylftalocyanin, tetra-4-nitroftalocyanin, tetra-peri-naftylen-4, 5-octu-azoftalocyanin, tetra-2,3-fenylenoksyd, ftalocyanin, tetra-4-fenyloctaaza-ftalocyanin, tetrafenylftalocyanin, tetrafenylftalocyanin-tetrakarboksylsyre, tetrafenylftalocyanin-tetra-barium-karboksylat, tetrafenylftalocyanin-tetra-kalsium-karboksy-lat, tetrapyridftalocyanin, tetra-4-trifluormetyl-merkaptoftalo-cyanin, tetra-4-trifluormetylftalocyanin, 4,5-tionaften-octaaza-ftalocyanin, platina-ftalocyanin, kalium-ftalocyanin, rhodium-ftalocyanin, samarium-ftalocyanin, sølv-ftalocyanin, silisium-ftalocyanin, natrium-ftalocyanin, sulfonert-ftalocyanin, thorium-ftalocyanin, thulium-ftalocyanin, tinn-klor-ftalocyanin, tinn-ftalocyanin, titan-ftalocyanin, uran-ftalocyanin, vanadium-ftalocyanin, ytterbium-ftalocyanin, sink-klorftalocyanin, sink-ftalocyanin, andre beskrevet i nevnte bok, samt blandinger, dimerer, trimerer, oligomerer, polymerer, sampolymerer eller blandinger av disse. Any suitable phthalocyanine can be used to prepare the photoconductive layer according to the present invention. The phthalocyanine can be used in any suitable crystal form. It can be substituted or unsubstituted in both ring and straight chain moieties. Reference is made to a book entitled "Phtalocyanine Compounds" by P.H. Moser and A.L. Thomas, published by Reinhold Publishing Company, 19.63 edition for a detailed description of phthalocyanines and their synthesis. Any suitable phthalocyanine may be used in the present invention. Phthalocyanines included in this invention can be described as compounds with four isoindole groups joined by four nitrogen atoms in such a way that a conjugated chain is formed, the composition having the general formula (CgHjj^)^<Rn >where R is chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, lithium, sodium, potassium, copper, silver, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, cadmium, barium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, lanth,an,'. neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, titanium, tin, hafnium, lead, silicon, germanium, thorium, vanadium, antimony, chromium, molybdenum, uranium', manganese, iron, cobalt , nickel, rhodium, palladium, osmium and platinum, and n is a' value greater than 0 and equal to or less than 2. All other suitable phthalocyanines, such as ring- or aliphatically substituted metallic and/or' non-metallic phthalo -cyanins can also be used if appropriate. Typical phthalocyanines are: aluminum phthalocyanine, aluminum polychlorophthalocyanine, antimony phthalocyanine, barium phthalocyanine, beryllium phthalocyanine, cadmium hexadecachlorophthalocyanine, cadmium phthalocyanine, calcium phthalocyanine, cerium phthalocyanine, chromium phthalocyanine, cobalt phthalocyanine, cobalt chlorophthalocyanine , copper-4-aminophthalocyanine, copper-bromochlorophthalocyanine, copper 4-chlorophthalocyanine, copper-4-nitrophthalocyanine, copper-phthalocyanine,, copper-phthalocyanine-sulfonate, copper-polychlorophthalocyanine, deuterio-phthalocyanine, dysprosium-phthalocyanine, erbium-phthalocyanine, europium -phthalocyanine, gadolinium phthalocyanine, gallium phthalocyanine, germanium phthalocyanine, hafnium phthalocyanine, halogen-substituted phthalocyanine, holmium phthalocyanine, indium phthalocyanine, iron phthalocyanine, iron polyhalophthalocyanine, lanthanum phthalocyanine, lead phthalocyanine, lead -polychlorophthalocyanine, cobalt-hexaphenylphthalocyanine, copper-pentaphenylphthalocyanine, lithium-phthalocyanine, lutetium-phthalocyanine, magnesium-phthalocyanine, manganese-phthalocyanine, mercury-f phthalocyanine, molybdenum phthalocyanine, naphthalocyanine, neodymium phthalocyanine, nickel phthalocyanine, nickel polyhalophthalocyanine, osmium phthalocyanine, palladium phthalocyanine, palladium chlorophthalocyanine, alkoxyphthalocyanine, alkylaminophthalocyanine, alkyl mercaptophthalocyanine, aralkylaminophthalocyanine, aryloxyphthalocyanine, arylmercaptophthalocyanine, copper phthalocyanine piperidine, cycloalkyl-aminophthalocyanine, dialkylaminophthalocyanine, diaralkylaminophthalocyanine, dicycloalkylaminophthalocyanine, hexadecahydrophthalocyanine, imidomethyl-phthalocyanine, 1,2-naphthalocyanine, 2,3-naphthalocyanine, octa-azophthalocyanine, sulfur-phthalocyanine-tetraazophthalocyanine, tetxa-4-acetylaminophthalocyanine, tetra- 4-Amihobenzoylphthalocyanine, tetra -4-aminophthalocyanine, tetrachloromethylphthalocyanine, tetradiazophthalocyanine, tetra-4,4-dimethyloctaazaphthalocyanine, tetra-4,5-diphenylenedioxide-phthalocyanine, tetra-4,5-diphenyloctaazaphthalocyanine, tetra-(6-methyl-benzo). thiazoyl)-phthalocyanine, t et ra-p-methylphenyl-amino phthalocyanine, tetramethylphthalocyanine, tetra-naphtho-tri azolyphthalocyanine, tetra-4-naphthylphthalocyanine, tetra-4-nitrophthalocyanine, tetra-peri-naphthylene-4, 5-octu-azophthalocyanine, tetra-2,3-phenylene oxide, phthalocyanine, tetra-4-phenyloctaaza-phthalocyanine, tetraphenylphthalocyanine, tetraphenylphthalocyanine- tetracarboxylic acid, tetraphenyl phthalocyanine tetra-barium carboxylate, tetraphenyl phthalocyanine tetra-calcium carboxylate, tetrapyrid phthalocyanine, tetra-4-trifluoromethyl-mercaptophthalo-cyanine, tetra-4-trifluoromethyl phthalocyanine, 4,5-thionaphthene-octaaza-phthalocyanine, platinum- phthalocyanine, potassium phthalocyanine, rhodium phthalocyanine, samarium phthalocyanine, silver phthalocyanine, silicon phthalocyanine, sodium phthalocyanine, sulfonated phthalocyanine, thorium phthalocyanine, thulium phthalocyanine, tin chlorine phthalocyanine, tin phthalocyanine, titanium phthalocyanine, uranium-phthalocyanine, vanadium-phthalocyanine, ytterbium-phthalocyanine, zinc-chlorophthalocyanine, zinc-phthalocyanine, others described in the aforementioned book, as well as mixtures, dimers, trimers, oligomers, polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these.
Det er også meningen i forbindelse med det heterogene system-at de dentlige fotoledende partikler kan bestå av en eller flere egnete av de forannevnte fotoledere, enten organiske eller uorgani-ske, dispergert i, i fast blanding med, eller sampolymerisert med enhver egnet isolerende harpiks enten harpiksen selv er fotoledende eller ikke. Denne særlige type partikler kan være særlig ønskelig for å lette dispergeringen av partiklene, for å hindre uønskete reaksjoner mellom bindemidlet og fotolederen eller mellom fotolederen og aktivatoren og av liknende hensyn. Typiske harpikser omfatter polyetylen, polypropylen, polyamider, polymetakrylater, polyakrylater, polyvinylklorider, polyvinylacetater, polystyren, polysiloksaner, klorinerte gummier, polyakrylonitril, epoksier, fenoler, hydrokarbonharpikser og andre naturlige harpikser, såsom kolofoniumderivater såvel som blandinger og sampolymere av disse. Polyetylen foretrekkes fordi den har lavt smeltepunkt og fordi den er lett tilgjengelig. It is also intended in connection with the heterogeneous system that the dental photoconductive particles may consist of one or more suitable of the aforementioned photoconductors, either organic or inorganic, dispersed in, in a solid mixture with, or copolymerized with any suitable insulating resin whether the resin itself is photoconductive or not. This particular type of particles may be particularly desirable to facilitate the dispersion of the particles, to prevent unwanted reactions between the binder and the photoconductor or between the photoconductor and the activator and for similar reasons. Typical resins include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinyl acetates, polystyrene, polysiloxanes, chlorinated rubbers, polyacrylonitrile, epoxies, phenols, hydrocarbon resins and other natural resins, such as rosin derivatives as well as mixtures and copolymers thereof. Polyethylene is preferred because it has a low melting point and because it is readily available.
Bindemiddelmaterialet i det heterogene avbildningssjikt kan omfatte ethvert egnet svakt sammenbundet isolerende eller fotoledende isolerende materiale, Typiske svakt sammenbundne materialer omfatter de isolerende harpikser som er nevnt foran, særlig poly-etylener og polypropylener med lav molekylvekt, vinylacetatetylen-sampolymerer, styrenvinyltoluen-sampolymerer, mikrokrystallinsk voks, parafinvoks, andre polymerer og sa-mpolymerer med lav molekylvekt.samt blandinger av disse. The binder material in the heterogeneous imaging layer may comprise any suitable weakly bonded insulating or photoconductive insulating material. Typical weakly bonded materials include the insulating resins mentioned above, particularly low molecular weight polyethylenes and polypropylenes, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers, styrene-vinyltoluene copolymers, microcrystalline waxes , paraffin wax, other polymers and co-polymers with low molecular weight, as well as mixtures of these.
En blanding av mikrokrystallinsk og parafinvoks foretrekkes fordi den er svakt sammenbundet og en god isolator. A mixture of microcrystalline and paraffin wax is preferred because it is weakly bonded and a good insulator.
Fordelene med denne fremgangsmåte for billeddannelse vil gå frem ved betraktningen av den' følgende detaljerte beskrivelse av oppfinnelsen, under henvisning til de medfølgende tegninger, hvori: Fig. 1 viser i sideriss et snitt gjennom en fotofølsom av-bildningsdel for benyttelse i oppfinnelsen. The advantages of this method of image formation will become apparent when considering the following detailed description of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows in side view a section through a photosensitive imaging part for use in the invention.
Fig. 2 viser i sideriss et snitt som skjematisk illustrerer Fig. 2 shows in side view a section which schematically illustrates
de forskjellige behandlingstrinn ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse. the various treatment steps according to the present invention.
Det henvises nå til fig. 1, hvor et avbildningssjikt 2 som omfatter fotosølsomme partikler 4 dispergert i et bindemiddel 3»Reference is now made to fig. 1, where an imaging layer 2 comprising photosoluble particles 4 dispersed in a binder 3"
er avsatt på en isolerende bærebane eller -ark 5. Den billedmotta-kende del av lagdannelsen omfatter et isolerende mottakerark 6. Arkene 5 og 6 er fortrinnsvis av isolerende materialer, slik at de beholder en ladning som avsettes på deres flater. is deposited on an insulating carrier or sheet 5. The image-receiving part of the layer formation comprises an insulating receiving sheet 6. The sheets 5 and 6 are preferably made of insulating materials, so that they retain a charge which is deposited on their surfaces.
Idet det henvises til fig. 2, er det første trinn i avbildningsprosessen aktiveringstrinnet. Selv om aktivatoren kan påføres ved hjelp av enhver egnet teknikk, såsom med en børste, med en jevn eller ru valse, ved oversvømmingsbelegging, ved dampkondensasjon eller liknende, viser fig. 2, som illustrerer skjematisk behandlings-trinnene ifølge denne oppfinnelse hvordan aktivatormediet 23 blir sprøytet på avbildningssjiktet 12 i lagdannelsen fra en beholder 24. Etter avsetningen av dette aktivatormedium, lukkes settet ved hjelp av en valse 26 som også tjener til å presse ut overflødig aktivatormedium som er blitt avsatt. Aktivatoren påvirker avbildningssjiktets 12 bindekraft. I visse tilfeller kan de første to trinn av avbildningsprosessen som er illustrert skjematisk i fig. 2 sløyfes, således kan for eksempel en lagdannelse som er preaktivert under fremstillingen benyttes, hvor avbildningssjiktet 12 opprinnelig er fremstilt med en så lav bindekraft at aktiveringen kan sløyfes og mottakerlaget 16 kan klebes til avbildningssjiktets 12 flate når dette belegges på en bærer 17 enten fra en oppløsning eller fra en varm smelte. Det er imidlertid vanligvis å foretrekke å ta med et aktiveringstrinn i behandlingen fordi sterkere og mer permanente avbildingssjikt som kan tåle lagring og transport forut for avbildningen da kan benyttes. Referring to fig. 2, the first step in the imaging process is the activation step. Although the activator may be applied by any suitable technique, such as with a brush, with a smooth or rough roller, by flood coating, by vapor condensation or the like, Fig. 2, which schematically illustrates the treatment steps according to this invention how the activator medium 23 is sprayed onto the imaging layer 12 in the layer formation from a container 24. After the deposition of this activator medium, the set is closed by means of a roller 26 which also serves to squeeze out excess activator medium which has been set aside. The activator affects the binding power of the imaging layer 12. In certain cases, the first two steps of the imaging process illustrated schematically in FIG. 2 is looped, thus, for example, a layer formation that is preactivated during production can be used, where the imaging layer 12 is originally produced with such a low binding force that the activation can be looped and the receiver layer 16 can be glued to the surface of the imaging layer 12 when this is coated on a carrier 17 either from a solution or from a hot melt. However, it is usually preferable to include an activation step in the processing because stronger and more permanent imaging layers that can withstand storage and transport prior to imaging can then be used.
Straks avbildningssjiktet 12 har fått de riktige fysikalske egenskaper og mottakerarket 16 er blitt plassert på sjiktet 12, påtrykkes et elektrisk felt over lagdannelsen over elektroder 18 As soon as the imaging layer 12 has acquired the correct physical properties and the receiver sheet 16 has been placed on the layer 12, an electric field is applied over the layer formation over electrodes 18
og 21, som er koblet til en spenningskilde 28 og en motstand 30. Selv om fig. 2 viser lagdannelsen uten berøring med noen av elektrodene 18 og 21, kan de, fordi mottakerarket og giverarket fortrinnsvis er av isolerende materiale berøre en eller begge elektroder under oppladnings forløpet. Fortrinnsvis vil lagdannelsen berøre en elektrode som virker som styring og være plassert i en avstand av 0,025 til' 0,075 mm fra den andre elektrode for å hindre vedheng. and 21, which are connected to a voltage source 28 and a resistor 30. Although fig. 2 shows the layer formation without touching any of the electrodes 18 and 21, because the receiver sheet and the donor sheet are preferably made of insulating material, they can touch one or both electrodes during the charging process. Preferably, the layer formation will touch an electrode which acts as a guide and will be located at a distance of 0.025 to 0.075 mm from the other electrode to prevent adhesion.
Alternativt kan oppladningselektroden være en coronautlader, en valse, for eksempel kunne valsen 26 være ledende og bli benyttet til å lade istedenfor elektroden 18, en skarp kant eller en frik-sjons ladeanordning, såsom en skinntrukket valse. Alternatively, the charging electrode can be a corona discharger, a roller, for example the roller 26 could be conductive and be used to charge instead of the electrode 18, a sharp edge or a frictional charging device, such as a skin-drawn roller.
Ladningens fortegn som vist på elektrodene 18 og 21 kan også omsnus, idet elektroden 18 kan gjøres negativ og elektroden 21 posi-tiv. Den ladningsbærende lagdannelse beveges deretter mot en transparent plate 27 hvor det blottlegges for et lysbilde 29. Lysbildet 29 kan være lyst projisert gjennom en transparent eller lys-informasjon projisert fra et ugjennomsiktig legeme. Ved et kon-tinuerlig forløp projiseres lysbildet fortrinnsvis gjennom en sliss på en slik måte at det finnes liten eller ingen relativ bevegelse •mellom det projiserte lysbildet og i lagdannelsen. Lagdannelsen løper deretter forbi en valse 32 som tjener som styring for lagdannelsen og som et anleggspunkt ved atskillelsen av mottakerarket og giverarket. Alternativt kan valsen 32 være en skarp kant, en stang eller en tråd. Ved atskillelsen av bæreren 17 og mottakerarket 16 spaltes avbildningssjiktet 12 langs randen av det blottlagte området og ved flaten hvor det heftet ved bæreren 17. Føl-gelig vil når atskillelsen er avsluttet blottlagte partier av avbildningssj iktet 12 være tilbakeholdt på et av arkene 17 og 16 mens ikke-blottlagte partier holdes tilbake på det andre ark, hvilket gir et positivt bilde på et ark og et negativt bilde på det andre. The sign of the charge as shown on electrodes 18 and 21 can also be reversed, since electrode 18 can be made negative and electrode 21 positive. The charge-bearing layer formation is then moved towards a transparent plate 27 where it is exposed to a slide 29. The slide 29 can be bright projected through a transparent or light information projected from an opaque body. In a continuous process, the slide is preferably projected through a slit in such a way that there is little or no relative movement between the projected slide and the layer formation. The layer formation then runs past a roller 32 which serves as a guide for the layer formation and as a contact point for the separation of the receiving sheet and the donor sheet. Alternatively, the roller 32 may be a sharp edge, a rod or a wire. When separating the carrier 17 and the receiving sheet 16, the imaging layer 12 is split along the edge of the exposed area and at the surface where it adheres to the carrier 17. Consequently, when the separation is finished, exposed parts of the imaging layer 12 will be retained on one of the sheets 17 and 16 while unexposed portions are retained on the second sheet, giving a positive image on one sheet and a negative image on the other.
De følgende eksempler vil illustrere den foreliggende oppfinnelse ytterligere. De er ment å illustrere forskjellige foretrukne utførelsesformer av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. Deler og prosent forhold er regnet etter vekt dersom annet ikke er angitt. The following examples will further illustrate the present invention. They are intended to illustrate various preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention. Parts and percentage ratios are calculated by weight unless otherwise stated.
EKSEMPEL I. EXAMPLE I.
Et handelsvanlig metallfritt ftalocyanin ble først renset ved o-diklorbenzen-ekstraksjon for å fjerne organiske urenheter. Siden dette ekstraksjonstrinn gir den mindre ømfindtlige beta-krystallin-ske form, ble den ønskete "x"-form oppnådd ved å oppløse omtrent 100 gram beta i omtrent 600 cm^ svovelsyre, bevirke utfelling ved å helle oppløsningen opp i omtrent 3000 cm'' isvann og væske med vann til blandingen ble nøytral. Det således rensete alfa-ftalocyanin ble deretter saltmalt i 6 dager og avsaltet ved utblanding i destil-lert vann, vakuumfiltrering, vasking i vann og endelig vasking i metanol til det opprinnelige filtrat var klart. Etter vakuumtørking for å fjerne gjenværende metanol ble ftalocyaninet i "x"-form som var fremstilt på denne måte benyttet til å tilvirke et avbild-ningslag ifølge den følgende fremgangsmåte: omtrent 5 gram av ftalocyaninet i "x"-form ble tilsatt til omtrent 5 gram "Algol Yellow GC", 1,2,5,6-di (C, C'-difenyl )tiazol-antrakinon, CI. nr. 67300, og omtrent 2,8 gram renset "Watchung Red B", 1-(4'-metyl-5 '-klorazobenzen-2 '-sulfonsyre )-2-hydroksy-3~naftonsyre , CI. nr. 15865, som ble renset på følgende måte: omtrent 240 gram "Watchung Red B" ble oppløst i omtrent 2400 ml "Sohio Odorless Solvent 3440", en blanding av parafinfraksjoner. Oppløsningen ble deretter oppvarmet til en temperatur på omtrent 65°C og holdt der i omtrent § time. Oppløsningen ble deretter filtrert gjennom et glassintret filter. Faststoffet ble deretter oppløst igjen i petroleter (90 A commercial metal-free phthalocyanine was first purified by o-dichlorobenzene extraction to remove organic impurities. Since this extraction step yields the less delicate beta-crystalline form, the desired "x" form was obtained by dissolving about 100 grams of beta in about 600 cc of sulfuric acid, effecting precipitation by pouring the solution up to about 3000 cc'' ice water and liquid with water until the mixture became neutral. The thus purified alpha-phthalocyanine was then salt ground for 6 days and desalted by mixing in distilled water, vacuum filtration, washing in water and finally washing in methanol until the original filtrate was clear. After vacuum drying to remove residual methanol, the phthalocyanine in "x" form thus prepared was used to produce an imaging layer according to the following procedure: about 5 grams of the phthalocyanine in "x" form was added to about 5 gram "Algol Yellow GC", 1,2,5,6-di(C,C'-diphenyl )thiazole-anthraquinone, CI. No. 67300, and about 2.8 grams of purified "Watchung Red B", 1-(4'-methyl-5'-chloroazobenzene-2'-sulfonic acid)-2-hydroxy-3~naphthonic acid, CI. No. 15865, which was purified as follows: about 240 grams of "Watchung Red B" was dissolved in about 2400 ml of "Sohio Odorless Solvent 3440", a mixture of paraffin fractions. The solution was then heated to a temperature of about 65°C and held there for about ½ hour. The solution was then filtered through a glass-lined filter. The solid was then redissolved in petroleum ether (90
til 120°C,)og filtrert gjennom et glassintret filter. Faststoffet ble deretter tørket i en ovn ved omtrent 50°C to 120°C,) and filtered through a glass-lined filter. The solid was then dried in an oven at about 50°C
Omtrent 8 gram "Sunoco Microcrystalline Wax Grade 5825" med About 8 grams of "Sunoco Microcrystalline Wax Grade 5825" with
et ASTM-D-127-smeltepunkt på 64°C og omtrent 2 gram "Paraflint R.G.", et parafinsk materiale med lav molekylvekt, og omtrent an ASTM-D-127 melting point of 64°C and about 2 grams of "Paraflint R.G.", a low molecular weight paraffinic material, and about
320 ml petroleter (90 til 120°C) og omtrent 40 ml "Sohio Odorless Solvent 3440" ble plassert med pigmentene i en glassbeholder som inneholdt 12,5 mm flintkuler. Blandingen ble deretter malt ved å rotere glassbeholderen med omtrent -70 omdr./min i omtrent 16 320 ml of petroleum ether (90 to 120°C) and approximately 40 ml of "Sohio Odorless Solvent 3440" were placed with the pigments in a glass container containing 12.5 mm flint balls. The mixture was then ground by rotating the glass container at about -70 rpm for about 16
timer. Blandingen ble deretter oppvarmet i omtrent 2 timer ved hours. The mixture was then heated for about 2 hours at
omtrent 45°C og tillatt å kjølne til være ls es temperatur. Blandingen var deretter klar for belegning på giversubstratet. Den pasta-liknende blanding ble deretter pålagt i dempet grønt lys-på 0,05 mm "Mylar" (en polyester dannet ved.kondensasjonsreaksjoner mellom etylenglykol og tereftalsyre) med en stang viklet med tråd nr.■36 (amerikansk standard) .for å frembringe et belegg med .tykkelse i' tørr tilstand på omtrent 7i mikron. Belegget og det 0,05 mm tykke "Mylar" arket ble deretter tørket i mørke ved en temperatur.på omtrent 33°C i \ time. Et mottakerark som også var av 0,05 mm "Mylar" ble plassert,på giveren. Mottakerarket ble deretter løftet opp og avbildningslaget ble aktivert med ett hurtig børstestrøk med en bred kamelhårsbørste mettet med "Sohio 3440". Mottakerarket ble deretter senket ned igjen og en valse ble rullet langsomt en gang over det lukkete gjennomslagsett med lett trykk for å fjerne overflødig løsningsmiddel. To elektroder som besto av 6,3 mm dia-meter kobberstenger med 76, mm lengde ble plassert i avstand den ene over den andre med et mellomrom på omtrent 0,17 mm. Den øverste elektrode ble forbundet med den positive klemme på en 9-000 volts likespenningskilde og jordet. Den nedre elektrode ble deretter forbundet med spenningskildens negative klemme. Lagdannelsen ble trukket med mottakersiden opp gjennom rommet mellom de to elektroder mens et potensial ble påtrykt mellom elektrodene. For å hindre gnistdannelse var lagdannelsen omtrent 12,5 mm bredere enn elektrodenes lengde. For eksempel ble det således ved omtrent 76 mm lange elektroder benyttet en lagdannelse med omtrent 89 mm approximately 45°C and allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture was then ready for coating on the donor substrate. The paste-like mixture was then applied in dim green light to 0.05 mm "Mylar" (a polyester formed by condensation reactions between ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid) with a rod wound with No. 36 thread (US standard) to produce a coating having a thickness in the dry state of about 71 microns. The coating and the 0.05 mm thick "Mylar" sheet were then dried in the dark at a temperature of about 33°C for 1 hour. A receiver sheet which was also of 0.05 mm "Mylar" was placed on the donor. The receiver sheet was then lifted up and the imaging layer was activated with one quick brush stroke with a wide camel hair brush saturated with "Sohio 3440". The receiver sheet was then lowered back down and a roller was rolled slowly once over the closed pass-through kit with light pressure to remove excess solvent. Two electrodes consisting of 6.3 mm diameter copper rods 76.mm long were spaced one above the other with a gap of approximately 0.17 mm. The top electrode was connected to the positive terminal of a 9-000 volt DC source and grounded. The lower electrode was then connected to the negative terminal of the voltage source. The layer formation was pulled with the receiver side up through the space between the two electrodes while a potential was applied between the electrodes. To prevent spark formation, the layer formation was approximately 12.5 mm wider than the length of the electrodes. For example, for approximately 76 mm long electrodes, a layer formation of approximately 89 mm was used
bredde. De 6,3 mm overlapping ved hver ende av elektrodene hindret gnister mellom de to elektroder. Den ladete lagdannelsen ble deretter plassert på en glassplate. Et hvitt lysbilde fra en gløde-lampe ble deretter projisert gjennom glassplaten med en 300 watt "Bell & Howell Headliner Model 70820" diasfremviser med et stykke såkalt "Trans-Positive" ark (etset), og en innstillbar åpning ble anbragt ved forkanten. Avstanden fra projisøren til avbildningssj iktet var omtrent 150 cm. Lyset som falt inn på avbildningslaget ble innstilt på omtrent 10 lx. Den billedmessige eksponering varte i 0,3 sekunder, hvilket ga en total eksponering på 3 lx-sek. Etter eksponeringen ble mottakerarket trukket av lagdannelsen og det ble frembragt et par bilder med fremragende kvalitet med et positivt bilde på giverarket og et negativt bilde på mottakerarket. width. The 6.3 mm overlap at each end of the electrodes prevented sparks between the two electrodes. The charged layer formation was then placed on a glass plate. A white slide from an incandescent lamp was then projected through the glass plate with a 300 watt "Bell & Howell Headliner Model 70820" slide projector with a piece of so-called "Trans-Positive" sheet (etched), and an adjustable aperture was placed at the leading edge. The distance from the projector to the imaging target was approximately 150 cm. The light incident on the imaging layer was set at approximately 10 lx. The image-wise exposure lasted 0.3 seconds, giving a total exposure of 3 lx-sec. After the exposure, the receiver sheet was pulled from the lamination and a pair of excellent quality images were produced with a positive image on the donor sheet and a negative image on the receiver sheet.
EKSEMPEL II. EXAMPLE II.
Forsøket i eksempel I ble gjentatt med unntak av at den øverste elektrode ble erstattet med en 25 mm aluminiumvalse og den nederste elektrode ble erstattet med et plant stykke av kobber med lengde 76 mm, bredde 6,5 mm og omtrent 1,3 mm tykkelse med et mellomrom på 0,18 mm. Valsen og kobberstrimmelen ble koblet til spennings-kilden som i eksempel I. Ved atskillelse av lagdannelsen etter avbildningen festet et positivt bilde med god kvalitet til giverarket og et negativt bilde, likeledes med god kvalitet, til mottakerarket . The experiment in Example I was repeated except that the top electrode was replaced by a 25 mm aluminum roller and the bottom electrode was replaced by a flat piece of copper 76 mm long, 6.5 mm wide and approximately 1.3 mm thick with a gap of 0.18 mm. The roller and the copper strip were connected to the voltage source as in example I. When separating the layer formation after imaging, a positive image with good quality was attached to the donor sheet and a negative image, likewise with good quality, to the receiver sheet.
EKSEMPEL III. EXAMPLE III.
Forsøket i eksempel I ble gjentatt med unntak av at den øverste elektrode ble koblet til spenningskildens negative klemme, og den positive klemme ble koblet til den nederste elektrode og jordet. Ved atskillelsen av mottakerarket og giverarket etter avbildningen ble det funnet et negativt bilde med god kvalitet på mottaker- The experiment in Example I was repeated with the exception that the top electrode was connected to the negative terminal of the voltage source, and the positive terminal was connected to the bottom electrode and grounded. When separating the recipient sheet and the donor sheet after imaging, a negative image was found with good quality on the recipient
arket og et positivt bilde på giverarket. the sheet and a positive image on the donor sheet.
EKSEMPEL IV. EXAMPLE IV.
Omtrent 2,5 gram ftalocyanin i "x"-form, fremstilt som i eksempel I, omtrent 2,5 gram "Benzidine Yellow YT-411", og omtrent 60 cm^ petroleter ifølge eksempel I ble anbragt -i en glassbeholder med 12,5 mm flintkuler og malt som i eksempel I i omtrent 16 About 2.5 grams of phthalocyanine in "x" form, prepared as in Example I, about 2.5 grams of "Benzidine Yellow YT-411", and about 60 cm^ of petroleum ether according to Example I were placed -in a glass container with 12, 5 mm flint balls and ground as in example I for about 16
timer.. hours..
Deretter ble omtrent 1 mol alfa-metyl-styren og omtrent 1 mol vinyltoluen tilsatt til tilstrekkelig xylen til å frembringe en 40 % oppløsning. En katalyttisk mengde bor-trifluorid-eterat ble deretter tilsatt, og blandingen ble omrørt inntil polyrimasjonen varavsluttet. Etter polymerisasjon ble tilstrekkelig metanol tilsatt til å spalte det tilstedeværende bortrifluorid, idet polymeren deretter ble isolert ved dampdestillasjon. Den resulterende polymer var å få under navn "Piccotex 100" . Then about 1 mole of alpha-methylstyrene and about 1 mole of vinyltoluene were added to sufficient xylene to produce a 40% solution. A catalytic amount of boron trifluoride etherate was then added and the mixture was stirred until the polymerization was complete. After polymerization, sufficient methanol was added to cleave the boron trifluoride present, the polymer then being isolated by steam distillation. The resulting polymer was to be given the name "Piccotex 100".
Omtrent 2,5 gram "Piccotex 100" ble tilsatt omtrent 3 gram polyetylen "DYLT", samt omtrent 1,5 gram "Paraflint RG" og omtrent gram "Elvax 420',' en etylen-vinylacetat-sampolymer. Blandingen ble deretter oppløst i omtrent l80 ml "Sohio 3440" omtrent ved koke-punktet. Oppløsningen ble deretter tillatt å kjølne til værelsestemperatur. Oppløsningen ble- deretter tilsatt blandinger av pig-menter og malt som i eksempel I i omtrent 16 timer. Den malte blanding ble deretter oppvarmet til en temperatur på omtrent 65°C i omtrent 2 timer og ble deretter tillatt å kjølne til omtrent værelsestemperatur. Den resulterende pasta var da ferdig for pålegging på giversubstratet. Pastaen ble deretter pålagt i dempet grønt lys på 0,05 mm "Mylar" med en stav omviklet med tråd nr. 36 (amerikansk standard) for å frembringe et belegg med tykkelse på omtrent 0,19 mm i tørr tilstand. Den belagte giver ble deretter oppvarmet i mørke til omtrent 33°C i omtrent en \ time for å tørke. Et mottakerark som også besto av 0,05 mm "Mylar" ble plassert over avbildingssjiktet. Mottakerarket ble deretter løftet opp og avbildningssj iktet ble.aktivert med ett hurtig børstestrøk med en bred kamelhårsbørste mettet med "Sohio 3440". Mottakerarket ble deretter senket ned igjen og en valse ble trukket langsomt en gang over den lukkete lagdannelsen med lett trykk for å fjerne overflødig løsningsmiddel. Lagdannelsen ble deretter ladet og på-ført et bilde som i eksempel II med den unntakelse at den billedmessige eksponering ble gjennomført i 0,4 sekunder. Ved atskillelse av arkene oppsto et negativt bilde på mottakerarket og et positivt bilde på giverarket. About 2.5 grams of "Piccotex 100" was added to about 3 grams of polyethylene "DYLT", as well as about 1.5 grams of "Paraflint RG" and about grams of "Elvax 420',' an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. The mixture was then dissolved in about 180 ml of "Sohio 3440" at about the boiling point. The solution was then allowed to cool to room temperature. The solution was then added to mixtures of pigments and milled as in Example I for about 16 hours. The milled mixture was then heated to at a temperature of about 65°C for about 2 hours and then allowed to cool to about room temperature. The resulting paste was then ready for application to the donor substrate. The paste was then applied in dim green light onto 0.05 mm "Mylar" with a rod wrapped with No. 36 wire (US standard) to produce a coating of about 0.19 mm thickness in the dry state.The coated donor was then heated in the dark to about 33°C for about an \ hour to dry. A receiver sheet which also consisted of a v 0.05 mm "Mylar" was placed over the imaging layer. The receiver sheet was then lifted up and the imaging layer was activated by one quick brush stroke with a wide camel hair brush saturated with "Sohio 3440". The receiver sheet was then lowered back down and a roller was pulled slowly once over the closed layer with light pressure to remove excess solvent. The layer formation was then loaded and applied to an image as in Example II with the exception that the image exposure was carried out for 0.4 seconds. When the sheets were separated, a negative image appeared on the recipient sheet and a positive image on the donor sheet.
EKSEMPEL V EXAMPLE V
Forsøket i eksempel IV ble gjentatt med unntak av at lagdannelsen ble ladet som i eksempel II. Etter billeddannelsen ble mottakerarket og giverarket atskilt. Et negativt bilde med høy kvalitet ble iakttatt på mottakerarket og et positivt bilde, likeledes med høy kvalitet, ble iakttatt på giverarket. The experiment in example IV was repeated with the exception that the layer formation was loaded as in example II. After imaging, the recipient sheet and the donor sheet were separated. A negative image with high quality was observed on the recipient sheet and a positive image, likewise with high quality, was observed on the donor sheet.
Selv om spesielle komponenter og mengdeforhold er blitt angitt i den forannevnte beskrivelse av foretrukne utførelsesek-sempler av oppfinnelsen, kan andre typiske materialer som beskrevet foran benyttes med tilsvarende resultater såfremt de er egnet. Although particular components and quantity ratios have been indicated in the aforementioned description of preferred embodiments of the invention, other typical materials as described above can be used with similar results if they are suitable.
I tillegg kan andre materialer tilsettes blandingen for å synergi-sere, øke, eller på annen måte modifisere avbildningslagets egenskaper. For eksempel kan forskjellige fargestoffer, spektrale øm-findtliggjørere, eller elektriske følsomhetsgjørere, såsom Lewis-syrer tilsettes til de forskjellige lag. In addition, other materials can be added to the mixture to synergize, increase, or otherwise modify the properties of the imaging layer. For example, different dyes, spectral sensitizers, or electrical sensitizers such as Lewis acids can be added to the different layers.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US60905767A | 1967-01-13 | 1967-01-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO127473B true NO127473B (en) | 1973-06-25 |
Family
ID=24439185
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO11868A NO127473B (en) | 1967-01-13 | 1968-01-11 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT300558B (en) |
BE (1) | BE709125A (en) |
CH (1) | CH504703A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1622377C3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES349233A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1550877A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1214731A (en) |
IL (1) | IL29275A (en) |
LU (1) | LU55277A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6800559A (en) |
NO (1) | NO127473B (en) |
SE (1) | SE333869B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3979096A (en) * | 1973-11-30 | 1976-09-07 | Interbath, Inc. | Mounting arrangement for hand-held shower head |
-
1968
- 1968-01-08 IL IL2927568A patent/IL29275A/en unknown
- 1968-01-09 SE SE26568A patent/SE333869B/xx unknown
- 1968-01-09 BE BE709125D patent/BE709125A/xx unknown
- 1968-01-10 DE DE19681622377 patent/DE1622377C3/en not_active Expired
- 1968-01-11 NO NO11868A patent/NO127473B/no unknown
- 1968-01-11 GB GB161868A patent/GB1214731A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-01-11 CH CH41368A patent/CH504703A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-01-12 ES ES349233A patent/ES349233A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-01-12 FR FR1550877D patent/FR1550877A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-01-12 NL NL6800559A patent/NL6800559A/xx unknown
- 1968-01-12 AT AT36068A patent/AT300558B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-01-15 LU LU55277D patent/LU55277A1/xx unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3979096A (en) * | 1973-11-30 | 1976-09-07 | Interbath, Inc. | Mounting arrangement for hand-held shower head |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE333869B (en) | 1971-03-29 |
DE1622377A1 (en) | 1972-03-23 |
IL29275A (en) | 1971-10-20 |
BE709125A (en) | 1968-07-09 |
ES349233A1 (en) | 1969-04-01 |
DE1622377C3 (en) | 1974-02-28 |
GB1214731A (en) | 1970-12-02 |
AT300558B (en) | 1972-07-25 |
CH504703A (en) | 1971-03-15 |
FR1550877A (en) | 1968-12-20 |
NL6800559A (en) | 1968-07-15 |
LU55277A1 (en) | 1969-08-18 |
DE1622377B2 (en) | 1973-08-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4471039A (en) | Photoconductive elements sensitive to radiation in the infrared region of the spectrum | |
US3510419A (en) | Photoelectrophoretic imaging method | |
US4081274A (en) | Composite layered photoreceptor | |
US4047948A (en) | Composite layered imaging member for electrophotography | |
CA1264978A (en) | Dual layer photoreceptor for use in electrophotography | |
US3287123A (en) | Process for the sensitization of photoconductors | |
JPH05210252A (en) | Electrophotographic recording material | |
JPH04223473A (en) | Electronic photograph recording material | |
DE1111935B (en) | Electrically insulating, photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes | |
JPH0324664B2 (en) | ||
US4052205A (en) | Photoconductive imaging member with substituted anthracene plasticizer | |
JPH0326383B2 (en) | ||
NO128040B (en) | ||
US3169060A (en) | Photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes | |
NO128731B (en) | ||
US3287122A (en) | Process for the sensitization of photoconductors | |
US3723112A (en) | Manifold imaging method wherein the activator carries a plastic coating material | |
NO127473B (en) | ||
US3655372A (en) | Image reversal in manifold imaging | |
US3982937A (en) | Electrophotographic recording material | |
US3653892A (en) | Manifold imaging process wherein the imaged elements may be recombined and reused | |
US3615393A (en) | Manifold imaging process employing static charge field application | |
US4092161A (en) | Inorganic photoconductors with phenyl substituted image transport materials | |
US3776721A (en) | Manifold imaging | |
US3649117A (en) | Imaging process |