NO126531B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO126531B
NO126531B NO302570A NO302570A NO126531B NO 126531 B NO126531 B NO 126531B NO 302570 A NO302570 A NO 302570A NO 302570 A NO302570 A NO 302570A NO 126531 B NO126531 B NO 126531B
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NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
propane
propylene
fuel gas
volume
methylacetylene
Prior art date
Application number
NO302570A
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Norwegian (no)
Inventor
James Harris Gilks
Original Assignee
Ici Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Ici Ltd filed Critical Ici Ltd
Publication of NO126531B publication Critical patent/NO126531B/no

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Brennstoffgass. Fuel gas.

Oppfinnelsen vedrører brennstoffgasser som er egnet for bruk ved metallbearbeidelse, nærmere bestemt for bruk ved sveise-eller flammeskjære-operasjoner. The invention relates to fuel gases which are suitable for use in metalworking, more specifically for use in welding or flame cutting operations.

For tiden er acetylen og handelsvanlig propan som inne-holder en varierende andel propylen, de brennstoffgasser som hovedsakelig blir benyttet for industrielle skjæreoperas joner. For mange formål kan enten acetylen eller handelsvanlig propan brukes tilfreds-stillende, og utvelgelsen av den ene eller annen beror i gitte til-feller mer på omkostningsbetraktninger, tilgjengelighet, utstyrets egnethet, og ofte hva den enkelte person foretrekker og har erfaring med. Det finnes imidlertid andre viktige arbeidsområder hvor fun-damentale forskjeller i brennegenskapene, inklusive flammetemperatur og -profil, krever at den ene og ikke den annen av disse brennstoffgasser brukes. Dette er spesielt tilfelle med acetylen som gir meget høy flammetemperatur og har behov for vesentlig mindre oksygen for forbrenning enn propan har. Currently, acetylene and commercial propane, which contains a varying proportion of propylene, are the fuel gases that are mainly used for industrial cutting operations. For many purposes, either acetylene or commercial propane can be used satisfactorily, and the selection of one or the other in given cases depends more on cost considerations, availability, the suitability of the equipment, and often what the individual person prefers and has experience with. However, there are other important areas of work where fundamental differences in the combustion properties, including flame temperature and profile, require that one and not the other of these fuel gases be used. This is especially the case with acetylene, which gives a very high flame temperature and needs significantly less oxygen for combustion than propane has.

Noe som strider mot enda mer omfattende bruk av acetylen, er dets høye produksjons- og distribusjons-omkostninger som delvis skyldes behovet for spesialutstyr og spesiell omsorg ved lagring og håndtering av noe som egentlig er et meget farlig materiale. Something that goes against even more extensive use of acetylene is its high production and distribution costs, which are partly due to the need for special equipment and special care when storing and handling what is actually a very dangerous material.

Oppfinnelsen tilveiebringer en skjæregass som har ve-sentlige fordeler fremfor propan når det gjelder flammetemperatur og -profil, samt oksygenbehov, men som kan lagres trygt, distri-bueres og forhandles i grove trekk på samme måte som handelsvanlig propan, dvs. uten behov for spesielt pakkede sylindre og mange andre arbeidskrevende sikkerhetsforanstaltninger som er et fel- The invention provides a cutting gas which has significant advantages over propane in terms of flame temperature and profile, as well as oxygen demand, but which can be safely stored, distributed and traded in roughly the same way as commercial propane, i.e. without the need for special packed cylinders and many other labor-intensive safety measures that are a fail-

les trekk ved acetylen-anvendelse. Det er imidlertid viktig at kopper og fosforbronse og beslektede legeringer ikke inneholdes i utstyr som gassen brukes i eller lagres i. Brennstoffgassen i henhold til oppfinnelsen er karakterisert ved at den består av metylacetylen og allen, propylen, propan og høyst en liten mengde av C^-hydrokarboner, idet mengden av metylacetylen/allen i brennstoffgassen er 20-39 volum-%, mengden av propylen i brennstoffgassen er minst 30 volum-%, -og resten (foruten tilfeldige forurensninger) er propan eller propan sammen med høyst 7 volum-% C^-hydrokarboner. read features of acetylene use. However, it is important that copper and phosphor bronze and related alloys are not contained in equipment in which the gas is used or stored. The fuel gas according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of methylacetylene and allene, propylene, propane and at most a small amount of C^ -hydrocarbons, where the amount of methylacetylene/allene in the fuel gas is 20-39% by volume, the amount of propylene in the fuel gas is at least 30% by volume, -and the rest (apart from incidental impurities) is propane or propane together with a maximum of 7% by volume C 3 -hydrocarbons.

Spesielt viktige er slike blandinger hvor mengden av propylen er minst 50 volum-%, idet resten utgjøres av fortrinnsvis i alt vesentlig propan eller er propan, og ikke mer enn 5% C^-hydrokarboner. Således ville en typisk foretrukken sammensetning vesentlig inneholde 20 til 25% metylacetylen/allen, 50 til 60% propylen og 15 til 20% propan. Particularly important are such mixtures in which the amount of propylene is at least 50% by volume, the remainder being preferably essentially propane or is propane, and no more than 5% C₁ hydrocarbons. Thus, a typical preferred composition would substantially contain 20 to 25% methylacetylene/allene, 50 to 60% propylene, and 15 to 20% propane.

Oppfinnelsen tilveiebringer videre en forbedring i me-toder for skjæring, overbladning (lasking) og slaglodding av metall-ark, -plater, -stykker eller -seksjoner, idet forbedringen består i å bruke som sprengstoffgass i stedet for f.eks. handelsvanlig propan, en blanding som omfatter metylacetylen og/eller allen, propylen og eventuelt propan, som tidligere beskrevet. Blandingen er ikke egnet for sveisematerialer som krever reduserende atmosfære. Mån støter hovedsakelig på prosesser hvor handelsvanlig propan har vært brukt tidligere, selv om bruken av slik propan som erstatning for acetylen ved mange andre operasjoner enn sveising, hvor acetylen må brukes, er overveiet. Således omfatter andre anvendelser for blandingen lodding, flammeherding, flammesprøyting og fjerning av glødeskall. The invention further provides an improvement in methods for cutting, lapping and brazing of metal sheets, plates, pieces or sections, the improvement consisting in using as an explosive gas instead of e.g. commercial propane, a mixture comprising methylacetylene and/or allene, propylene and possibly propane, as previously described. The mixture is not suitable for welding materials that require a reducing atmosphere. Mon mainly encounters processes where commercial propane has been used in the past, although the use of such propane as a replacement for acetylene in many operations other than welding, where acetylene must be used, has been considered. Thus, other uses for the mixture include brazing, flame hardening, flame spraying and scale removal.

Eksempel 1 Example 1

En skjæregassblanding (blanding 1) ble fremstilt som inneholdt 22% metylacetylen/allen, 58% propylen, 18% propan og 2% C^-hydrokarboner. A cutting gas mixture (mixture 1) was prepared containing 22% methylacetylene/allene, 58% propylene, 18% propane and 2% C₁ hydrocarbons.

Eksempel 2 Example 2

En skjæregassblanding (blanding 2) ble fremstilt som inneholdt 15% metylacetylen/allen, 70% propylen og 15% propan. A cutting gas mixture (mixture 2) was prepared containing 15% methylacetylene/allene, 70% propylene and 15% propane.

Eksempel 3 Example 3

En skjæregassblanding (blanding 3) ble fremstilt som inneholdt 10% metylacetylen/allen, 85% propylen og 5% propan. A cutting gas mixture (mixture 3) was prepared containing 10% methylacetylene/allene, 85% propylene and 5% propane.

Gassene ble testet med hensyn på flammetemperaturegen-skaper og ved metallskjæring ved standard industriteknikker, og deres ytelse ble sammenlignet med handelsvanlig propan som inneholdt 95% propan, og med acetylen. Når det gjaldt acetylen og propan, var det anvendte utstyr av standard optimalisert utform-ning for disse gasser. Når det gjaldt blandingene i henhold til oppfinnelsen, ble egnet utstyr naturligvis utformet for blandingene med hensyn til deres spesielle oksygenbehov og brennekarakteristika. The gases were tested for flame temperature characteristics and metal cutting by standard industry techniques, and their performance was compared with commercial propane containing 95% propane, and with acetylene. When it came to acetylene and propane, the equipment used was of standard optimized design for these gases. In the case of the mixtures according to the invention, suitable equipment was naturally designed for the mixtures with regard to their particular oxygen requirements and combustion characteristics.

Følgende resultater ble oppnådd i de innledende forsøk. The following results were obtained in the initial trials.

Kvaliteten av kuttet i hvert tilfelle for blandingene 1, 2 og 3 var utmerket. The quality of the cut in each case for mixes 1, 2 and 3 was excellent.

I påfølgende driftsforsøk ved operatører som hadde er-vervet seg fortrolighet med blandingene i henhold til oppfinnelsen,, ble det oppnådd utmerket ytelse. Således ble det med en blanding av den foretrukne sammensetning (angitt ved den blanding som er anvendt i eksempel 1) skåret en 2,54 cm tykk plate av bløtt stål i en hastighet av 22 m/time, og kuttets utseende ble fastslått som uvanlig godt. In subsequent operational trials by operators who had acquired familiarity with the compositions according to the invention, excellent performance was achieved. Thus, with a mixture of the preferred composition (indicated by the mixture used in Example 1) a 2.54 cm thick sheet of mild steel was cut at a speed of 22 m/hour, and the appearance of the cut was determined to be unusually good .

Således ga en fil som ble gnidd langs forkanten og bunnkanten, et fullstendig rent materiale. Thus, a file rubbed along the leading edge and bottom edge produced a completely clean material.

Andre eksempler på viktig tidsbesparelse og økonomi som er gjort mulig ved bruken av denne blanding, var i sveisetiden for stålrør (f.eks. 30,5 cm i diameter og 1,3 cm tykt) og i den bety-delig økede levetid for skjæreverktøy med wolframkarbidspiss, idet dybden av hårdhetgjennomtrengning typisk er 0,97 mm ved 140 Brinell (kfr. at oksy-acetylen gir hårdhetgjennomtrengning på 2,64 mm ved 160 Brinell). Other examples of important time savings and economy made possible by the use of this mixture were in the welding time for steel pipes (e.g. 30.5 cm in diameter and 1.3 cm thick) and in the significantly increased service life of cutting tools with a tungsten carbide tip, the depth of hardness penetration being typically 0.97 mm at 140 Brinell (cf. that oxy-acetylene gives a hardness penetration of 2.64 mm at 160 Brinell).

Videre ble det funnet mulig å ha høye uttappingshastig-heter fra sylindre uten tilsetning av fordampere, og den uttap-pede gass ble ikke funnet å variere i noen påvisbar grad i sammensetning under sylinderens bruk. Det var ingen polymerdannelse, og derfor forblir regulatorer og verktøyspisser ikke tilstoppet. Den uvanlige evne hos foretrukne blandinger i henhold til oppfinnelsen ble vist ved skjæring gjennom en 1,5 m tykk 100 tonns stålbarre. Generelt viste slaglodding seg også å være like rask eller raskere enn med acetylen på bløtt stål, galvanisert stål, kopper, messing og aluminium. En typisk sammensetning av fysikalske og kjemiske egenskaper for en foretrukken blanding i henhold til oppfinnelsen er: Furthermore, it was found possible to have high withdrawal rates from cylinders without the addition of evaporators, and the withdrawn gas was not found to vary to any detectable extent in composition during the cylinder's use. There was no polymer formation and therefore regulators and tool tips do not remain clogged. The unusual ability of preferred mixtures according to the invention was demonstrated by cutting through a 1.5 m thick 100 tonne steel billet. In general, brazing also proved to be as fast or faster than with acetylene on mild steel, galvanized steel, copper, brass and aluminium. A typical composition of physical and chemical properties for a preferred mixture according to the invention is:

Væsketetthet - 0,53 - 0,56 g/cm<3> ved 15,6 °C. Liquid density - 0.53 - 0.56 g/cm<3> at 15.6 °C.

Spesifikt gassvolum - 0,56 - 0,63 m<3>/kg ved 15,6 °c. Specific gas volume - 0.56 - 0.63 m<3>/kg at 15.6 °c.

Netto forbrenningsvarme - 4400 til 5500 BTU/kg ved 15,6 °C. Net heat of combustion - 4400 to 5500 BTU/kg at 15.6 °C.

Volum av 0 /volum av brennstoff for fullstendig forbrenning - Volume of 0 /volume of fuel for complete combustion -

4 til 4,5. 4 to 4.5.

Flammeevnegrenser i luft - 2,2% til 11%. Flammability limits in air - 2.2% to 11%.

Flammetemperatur - ca. 3040°C. Flame temperature - approx. 3040°C.

Arbeidstrykket av brennstoffgassen og oksygenet vil naturligvis variere med det arbeid som skal utføres, men for mange operasjoner vil et brennstoffgass-trykk i området 0,2 til 0,7 kg/cm<2 >og et tilsvarende oksygen-trykk i området 2,5 til 6,3 kg/cm 2 være passende. The working pressure of the fuel gas and oxygen will naturally vary with the work to be carried out, but for many operations a fuel gas pressure in the range of 0.2 to 0.7 kg/cm<2 > and a corresponding oxygen pressure in the range of 2.5 to 6.3 kg/cm 2 be suitable.

Claims (3)

1. Brennstoffgass som er spesielt tilpasset for bruk ved metallbearbeidelse, karakterisert ved at den består av metylacetylen og allen, propylen, propan og høyst en liten mengde av -hydrokarboner, idet mengden av metylacetylen/allen i brennstoffgassen er 20-39 volum-%, mengden av propylen i brennstoffgassen er minst 30 volum-%, og resten (foruten tilfeldige forurensninger) er propan eller propan sammen med høyst 7 volum-% C^-hydrokarboner.1. Fuel gas which is specially adapted for use in metalworking, characterized in that it consists of methylacetylene and allene, propylene, propane and at most a small amount of -hydrocarbons, the amount of methylacetylene/allene in the fuel gas being 20-39% by volume, the amount of propylene in the fuel gas is at least 30% by volume, and the remainder (apart from incidental impurities) is propane or propane together with not more than 7% by volume of C₁ hydrocarbons. 2. Brennstoffgass som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at mengden av propylen er minst 50 volum-%, idet resten utgjøres av fortrinnsvis i alt vesentlig propan eller er propan, og ikke mer enn 5% C^-hydrokarboner.2. Fuel gas as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the amount of propylene is at least 50% by volume, the rest being preferably essentially propane or is propane, and no more than 5% C₁ hydrocarbons. 3. Brennstoffgass som angitt i krav 2, karakterisert ved at metylacetylen/allen-innholdet er 20 til 25%, propyleninnholdet er 50 til 60% og propaninnholdet er 15 til 20%.3. Fuel gas as stated in claim 2, characterized in that the methylacetylene/allene content is 20 to 25%, the propylene content is 50 to 60% and the propane content is 15 to 20%.
NO302570A 1969-08-11 1970-08-05 NO126531B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4011869 1969-08-11

Publications (1)

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NO126531B true NO126531B (en) 1973-02-19

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AU (1) AU1852070A (en)
BE (1) BE754727A (en)
DE (1) DE2039928A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2058199B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1320905A (en)
NL (1) NL149220B (en)
NO (1) NO126531B (en)
SE (1) SE364062B (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE754727A (en) 1971-02-11
FR2058199B1 (en) 1973-01-12
FR2058199A1 (en) 1971-05-28
NL7011819A (en) 1971-02-15
SE364062B (en) 1974-02-11
NL149220B (en) 1976-04-15
GB1320905A (en) 1973-06-20
DE2039928A1 (en) 1971-02-25
AU1852070A (en) 1972-02-10

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