NO125682B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO125682B NO125682B NO169168A NO16916867A NO125682B NO 125682 B NO125682 B NO 125682B NO 169168 A NO169168 A NO 169168A NO 16916867 A NO16916867 A NO 16916867A NO 125682 B NO125682 B NO 125682B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- hydroxyethyl methacrylate
- casting
- added
- mixture
- parts
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 hydroxyalkyl ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 16
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Butyleneglycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011953 free-radical catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- PZASAAIJIFDWSB-CKPDSHCKSA-N 8-[(1S)-1-[8-(trifluoromethyl)-7-[4-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohexyl]oxynaphthalen-2-yl]ethyl]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=1C2=CC([C@@H](N3C4CCC3CC(C4)C(O)=O)C)=CC=C2C=CC=1OC1CCC(C(F)(F)F)CC1 PZASAAIJIFDWSB-CKPDSHCKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108060006613 prolamin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran;1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJOUWMMZJISKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical class CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)O IJOUWMMZJISKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003261 Durez Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000007265 Myrrhis odorata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182559 Natural dye Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195708 Penicillin V Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 240000004760 Pimpinella anisum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012550 Pimpinella anisum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroethanol Chemical compound OCC(F)(F)F RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002494 Zein Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005791 algae growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002473 artificial blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFMYDTVEBKDAKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;(2',7'-dibromo-3',6'-dioxido-3-oxospiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-4'-yl)mercury;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(Br)=C([O-])C([Hg])=C1OC1=C2C=C(Br)C([O-])=C1 BFMYDTVEBKDAKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002864 food coloring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003709 heart valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003049 inorganic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000978 natural dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940056367 penicillin v Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N phenoxymethylpenicillin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013047 polymeric layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XXRYFVCIMARHRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl n-dimethoxyphosphorylcarbamate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)NC(=O)OC(C)C XXRYFVCIMARHRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMDGQTVYVAKDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,2,3-triol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OCC(O)CO CMDGQTVYVAKDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000979 synthetic dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005019 zein Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093612 zein Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
- G02B1/043—Contact lenses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/70—Fixation, conservation, or encapsulation of flavouring agents
- A23L27/74—Fixation, conservation, or encapsulation of flavouring agents with a synthetic polymer matrix or excipient, e.g. vinylic, acrylic polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/288—Synthetic resins, e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
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Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av en flytende Process for the production of a liquid
støpevæske på basis av umettede polyestere.casting fluid based on unsaturated polyesters.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte til frem-The present invention relates to a method for
stilling av en flytende støpevæske. Mer spesielt angår oppfinnelsen fremstilling av hydrofile polymere i form av støpevæsker, som kan danne seigt og fast skum, eller foreligge i pulverisert form, og i sistnevnte form er nevnte polymere spesielt godt egnet som et bære- position of a liquid casting fluid. More particularly, the invention relates to the production of hydrophilic polymers in the form of casting liquids, which can form tough and firm foam, or exist in powdered form, and in the latter form said polymers are particularly well suited as a carrier
stoff for medisinsk aktive forbindelser og for naturlige og synte-substance for medically active compounds and for natural and synthetic
tiske smaksstoffer, essenser, kryddere, matfarger, søtningsmidler, fargestoffer og lignende. natural flavourings, essences, spices, food colours, sweeteners, dyes and the like.
Det er kjent hvordan man kan fremstille hydrofile polymere,It is known how to prepare hydrophilic polymers,
spesielt hvordan man fremstiller tverrbundne hydrofile polymere, og mer spesielt, hvordan man kan fremstille slike polymere i form av particularly how to prepare cross-linked hydrophilic polymers, and more particularly, how to prepare such polymers in the form of
formede legemer ved kopolymerisasjon av hydrogeler i vandig løsning, hvorved en større mengde av en monoester av akryl- eller metakrylsyre med en bifunksjonell alkohol, som har en foresterbar hydroksylgruppe og minst en ytterligere hydrofil funksjonell gruppe, kopolymeriseres i vandig løsning med en mindre mengde av en diester av disse syrer, samt av en alkohol som har minst to foresterbare hydroksylgrupper (se US patent nr. 2 976 576 og nr. 3 220 960). shaped bodies by copolymerization of hydrogels in aqueous solution, whereby a larger amount of a monoester of acrylic or methacrylic acid with a bifunctional alcohol, having an esterifiable hydroxyl group and at least one additional hydrophilic functional group, is copolymerized in aqueous solution with a smaller amount of a diesters of these acids, as well as of an alcohol which has at least two esterifiable hydroxyl groups (see US patent no. 2,976,576 and no. 3,220,960).
Det er kjent at hydrofile polymere som er fremstilt i et vandig system på denne måten, kan brukes som bærestoffer for medisinsk aktive forbindelser. Det er således kjent at de medisinsk aktive forbindelser kan løses i den vandige bestanddel av slike tidligere kjente hydrogeler, hvorved man får en gradvis frigjøring av den medisinsk aktive forbindelse. De resulterende løsninger er imid-lertid vanskelige å behandle og lagre, og de medisinske komponenter underkastes lett luftoksydasjon, nedbrytning, fordampning, etc. It is known that hydrophilic polymers prepared in an aqueous system in this way can be used as carriers for medicinally active compounds. It is thus known that the medically active compounds can be dissolved in the aqueous component of such previously known hydrogels, whereby a gradual release of the medically active compound is obtained. However, the resulting solutions are difficult to process and store, and the medicinal components are easily subjected to air oxidation, decomposition, evaporation, etc.
Hittil har det vært nødvendig først å fremstille et fast eller et formet legeme av de hydrofile polymere, hvoretter man i de vandige bestanddeler av nevnte formede legemer oppløser de medisinske komponenter, smaksstoffer, fargeforbindelser eller lignende. Ved de tidligere kjente fremgangsmåter hvor man anvendte en kopolymerisasjon i en vandig løsning, har det dessuten ikke vært mulig direkte å fremstille et skum ved tilsetning av de vanlige skumningsforbindelser, Until now, it has been necessary to first produce a solid or a shaped body from the hydrophilic polymers, after which the medicinal components, flavourings, coloring compounds or the like are dissolved in the aqueous components of said shaped bodies. In the previously known methods where a copolymerization in an aqueous solution was used, it has also not been possible to directly produce a foam by adding the usual foaming compounds,
som f.eks. natriumbikarbonat, ettersom man fikk et mykt, semigela-tinøst hydrogelprodukt istedenfor det ønskede harde, sprøe skum, og det var ikke mulig å omdanne et slikt semi-gelatinøst produkt til et sprøtt skum eller til et tett pulver. like for example. sodium bicarbonate, as a soft, semi-gelatinous hydrogel product was obtained instead of the desired hard, brittle foam, and it was not possible to convert such a semi-gelatinous product into a brittle foam or into a dense powder.
Tidligere kjente fremgangsmåter anvendte dessuten de vanlige redox-katalysatorer som natriumbikarbonat og ammoniumpersulfat, kaliumsulfat, natriumtiosulfat og ammoniumpersulfat eller kaliumsulfat, noe som fikk polymerisasjonsreaksjonen til å bli ferdig ved temperaturer over 0°C, noe som igjen hindrer at man kan få fremstilt en prepolymer, fortrinnsvis i form av en flytende støpevæske, som så kan farges, pigmenteres, fortykkes eller behandles på annen måte, og deretter herdes til faste eller formede legemer som staver, flak, rør eller andre støpte artikler, eller til et hardt, sprøtt skum, slik dette vil bli forklart i det etterfølgende. Previously known methods also used the usual redox catalysts such as sodium bicarbonate and ammonium persulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate and ammonium persulfate or potassium sulfate, which caused the polymerization reaction to be completed at temperatures above 0°C, which in turn prevents a prepolymer from being produced, preferably in the form of a liquid casting fluid, which can then be coloured, pigmented, thickened or otherwise treated, and then hardened into solid or shaped bodies such as rods, flakes, tubes or other molded articles, or into a hard, brittle foam, such this will be explained in what follows.
Tidligere kjente fremgangsmåter resulterte dessuten i ufull-stendig (opp til ca. 95 %) polymeriserte polymere som var i stand til å absorbere betydelige mengder vann (mer enn 30 og opp til 80 vektprosent), når de sto i full likevekt med vandige løsninger. Previously known methods also resulted in incompletely (up to about 95%) polymerized polymers that were able to absorb significant amounts of water (more than 30 and up to 80 percent by weight), when in full equilibrium with aqueous solutions.
De nye hydrofile polymere støpevæsker fremstilles ifølge oppfinnelsen i en vannfri tilstand, de er i alt vesentlig fullpoly-meriserte (ca. 99.5 %), og de er ikke i stand til å absorbere mer enn opp til ca. 30 vektprosent vann, når de står i likevekt med vandige løsninger. The new hydrophilic polymeric casting fluids are produced according to the invention in an anhydrous state, they are essentially fully polymerized (approx. 99.5%), and they are not able to absorb more than up to approx. 30% water by weight, when they are in equilibrium with aqueous solutions.
Man har nå funnet at hydrofile polymere kan fremstilles iIt has now been found that hydrophilic polymers can be produced in
et vannfritt system, noe som tillater en direkte fremstilling av støpevæske i prepolymerform, som så kan brukes for direkte in situ polymerisasjon for fremstilling av støpte eller formede legemer, an anhydrous system, which allows a direct production of casting fluid in prepolymer form, which can then be used for direct in situ polymerization for the production of cast or shaped bodies,
filmer og belegg, og disse kan behandles med vanlige skumningsmidler, som f.eks. natriumbikarbonat, noe som resulterer i harde og sprø skum, som direkte kan formes i svellet tilstand eller direkte kan males til pulverform. films and coatings, and these can be treated with common foaming agents, such as e.g. sodium bicarbonate, resulting in hard and brittle foams, which can be directly formed in the swollen state or directly ground into powder form.
Man har også funnet at hydrofile polymere kan fremstillesIt has also been found that hydrophilic polymers can be prepared
i et vannfritt system, hvorved man får en lett fremstilling av hydrofile polymerprodukter i pulverisert form. Hensikten med foreliggende oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av nevnte hydrofile polymere støpevæsker i et vannfritt system, slik at disse direkte kan omdannes til pulverisert skum, hvorved man får pulveriserte polymere som er spesielt godt egnet som bærestoffer for medisinsk aktive forbindelser, naturlige eller syntetiske smaksstoffer, essenser, kryddere og lignende. De polymere pulvere er kompakte i form, og de har den nødvendige stabilitet og levetid til at de kan brukes som bærestoffer for smaksstoffer og medisinske forbindelser som lett underkastes kjemiske reaksjoner, som luftoksydasjon, nedbrytning, fordampning, etc. in an anhydrous system, whereby hydrophilic polymer products can be easily produced in powdered form. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for the production of said hydrophilic polymeric casting fluids in an anhydrous system, so that these can be directly converted into powdered foam, whereby powdered polymers are obtained which are particularly well suited as carriers for medicinally active compounds, natural or synthetic flavourings, essences, spices and the like. The polymeric powders are compact in shape, and they have the necessary stability and longevity to be used as carriers for flavorings and medicinal compounds that are easily subjected to chemical reactions, such as air oxidation, decomposition, evaporation, etc.
En annen fordel som oppstår ved at nevnte pulveriserte, hydrofile polymere kan gjøres meget tétte, er åt en innkapsling av nevnte pulvere med medisinsk aktive forbindelser, smaksstoffer, essenser og lignende, gir større stabilitet og lenger levetid enn det som hittil har vært mulig. Another advantage that arises from the fact that said powdered, hydrophilic polymers can be made very dense is that an encapsulation of said powders with medicinally active compounds, flavourings, essences and the like, provides greater stability and a longer life than has been possible up to now.
Polymere pulvere som inneholder innkapslede smaksstoffer, essenser eller kryddere, kan igjen bringes i løsning, og dette vil gi smaksløsninger av høy kvalitet, ettersom innkapslingen hindrer luftnedbrytning av smakskomponentene, og dessuten hindrer tap som skyldes fordampning. Polymeric powders containing encapsulated flavourings, essences or spices can again be brought into solution, and this will provide high quality flavor solutions, as the encapsulation prevents air degradation of the flavor components, and furthermore prevents losses due to evaporation.
Ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse er det tilveiebragt en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av en flytende støpevæske, og denne fremgangsmåte er kjennetegnet ved at man i fravær av oppløsningsmidler blander en større mengde av en vannløselig hydroksyalkylester av en alfa-beta-umettet karboksylsyre med en mindre mengde av en fri-radikal, vinyl-polymerisasjonskatalysator i en anaerob atmosfære og deretter oppvarmer blandingen fra romtemperatur til ca. 80°C inntil nevnte monomer er polymerisert slik at den er blitt vannuløselig, avkjøler nevnte blanding til romtemperatur, og tilsetter en mindre mengde av en polymeriserbar diester av en alfa-beta-umettet karboksylsyre og en alkohol med minst to foresterbare hydroksygrupper, sammen med en supplerende mindre mengde av nevnte katalysator, tilstrekkelig til at det dannes en flytende støpevæske som kan polymeriseres in situ. According to the present invention, a method for the production of a liquid casting fluid is provided, and this method is characterized by mixing, in the absence of solvents, a larger amount of a water-soluble hydroxyalkyl ester of an alpha-beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid with a smaller amount of a free -radical, vinyl polymerization catalyst in an anaerobic atmosphere and then heating the mixture from room temperature to approx. 80°C until said monomer is polymerized so that it has become water insoluble, cool said mixture to room temperature, and add a small amount of a polymerizable diester of an alpha-beta unsaturated carboxylic acid and an alcohol with at least two esterifiable hydroxy groups, together with a supplementary smaller amount of said catalyst, sufficient to form a liquid casting liquid which can be polymerized in situ.
Den ferdige støpevæske kan så farges eller pigmenteres, foruten at viskositeten kan forøkes, hvis dette er ønskelig, ved tilsetning av passende fortykningsmidler. The finished casting fluid can then be colored or pigmented, and the viscosity can be increased, if this is desired, by adding suitable thickeners.
Støpevæsken kan så herdes til produkter som kan støpes, formes eller bearbeides til staver, plater, etc, for forskjellig anvendelse. Produktet kan være i stiv tilstand, svellet tilstand eller som et skum. De polymere som fremstilles fra herdede støpevæsker, The casting liquid can then be hardened into products that can be cast, shaped or processed into rods, plates, etc., for different applications. The product can be in a rigid state, a swollen state or as a foam. The polymers produced from hardened casting fluids,
har god mekanisk styrke, reversible væske-absorbsjonsegenskaper, evne til å få igjen sin form i flytende media, foruten at de elastisk gjenfinner sin form etter deformering. have good mechanical strength, reversible liquid absorption properties, ability to regain their shape in liquid media, besides that they elastically regain their shape after deformation.
Nevnte støpevæsker er f.eks. meget godt egnet for fremstilling av tannproteser, fyllinger og tannbroer. De herdede produkters absorberende evne gjør at de fordelaktig kan brukes for kirurgiske formål, som hjerteventiler, kunstige blodkar, dialyserende diafrag-maer, intrauteriske anordninger og lignende. Eksempler på ytterligere anvendelser er som filtermedium for tobakksrøk eller andre gassform-ige forbrenningsprodukter. Ved denne anvendelse benyttes det fremstilte produkt i partikkelform. Said casting fluids are e.g. very well suited for the production of dental prostheses, fillings and dental bridges. The absorbent capacity of the hardened products means that they can be advantageously used for surgical purposes, such as heart valves, artificial blood vessels, dialysis diaphragms, intrauterine devices and the like. Examples of further uses are as a filter medium for tobacco smoke or other gaseous combustion products. In this application, the manufactured product is used in particulate form.
Støpevæsken omdannet til pulverisert form kan også brukesThe casting liquid converted to powdered form can also be used
som et fortykningsmiddel i matvarer, særlig på grunn av sin evne til å ta opp vann i tørr tilstand. as a thickening agent in foodstuffs, particularly due to its ability to absorb water in a dry state.
Videre kan støpevæsken prepareres og brukes i form av et belegg eller en bandasje som er innsatt med medikamenter, og disse vil da langsomt frigjøres fra det hydrofile gel-materialet. Bandasjen bør i dette tilfelle fortrinnsvis fremstilles av et forsterkende underlag av plast, hvorpå det hydrofile gel-materialet er pålagt i Furthermore, the casting liquid can be prepared and used in the form of a coating or a bandage that is inserted with drugs, and these will then be slowly released from the hydrophilic gel material. In this case, the bandage should preferably be made of a reinforcing base made of plastic, on which the hydrophilic gel material is applied in
form av en stripe eller et lag.form of a stripe or layer.
Støpevæsken kan også tilpasses slik at den inneholder vann-løselige næringsstoffer, som så kan frigjøres under regulerte betingelser. Man kan således fremstille agar-plater med vannløselige næringsstoffer, tørke disse plater, hvoretter en nedsenkning i vann vil gjøre platen ferdig for bruk. The casting fluid can also be adapted so that it contains water-soluble nutrients, which can then be released under regulated conditions. You can thus prepare agar plates with water-soluble nutrients, dry these plates, after which an immersion in water will make the plate ready for use.
Før tilsetningen av fargestoffer, pigmenter, fortykningsmidler eller andre komponenter, så tilsettes de flytende støpevæsker en større mengde vann, hvorved det dannes en utfelt polymer. Denne er løselig i høypolar organiske løsningsmidler, som alkoholer, gly-koler og glykoletere. Når den utfelte polymer oppløses i polare løsningsmidler, kan den brukes som en polymerløsning for fremstilling av filmer, belegg og lignende. Alternativt kan den utfelte polymere tørkes og brukes for fremstilling av formede artikler ved støp-ing, injeksjonsstøping, utdrivning, kalendrering og lignende. Before the addition of dyes, pigments, thickeners or other components, a larger amount of water is added to the liquid casting fluids, whereby a precipitated polymer is formed. This is soluble in highly polar organic solvents, such as alcohols, glycols and glycol ethers. When the precipitated polymer is dissolved in polar solvents, it can be used as a polymer solution for the production of films, coatings and the like. Alternatively, the precipitated polymer can be dried and used for the production of shaped articles by casting, injection moulding, extrusion, calendering and the like.
Foreliggende fremgangsmåte kan utføres som en suspensjons-polymerisasjon av hydroksyetyl-metakrylat i et ikke-polart medium som en silikonolje eller en mineralolje. Monomeren inneholdende en katalysator, dispenseres i det ikke-polare medium i form av små dråper, som så polymeriserer til finfordelte kuler eller korn. Slike kuler eller korn kan så løses i polare organiske løsningsmidler for fremstilling av filmer, belegg og lignende. Nevnte korn og kuler kan også brukes direkte for fremstilling av termoplastiske, formede artikler ved sprøytestøpning, ekstrudering, kalendrering og lignende. Suspensjonspolymerisasjonen utføres fortrinnsvis i et oljebad hvis temperatur varierer fra 50° til 150°C, inntil korn- eller perledann-elsen er fullstendig. Forholdet suspensjonsolje til monomer er fortrinnsvis fra ca. 5:1 til ca. 20:1. Katalysatormengden varierer fortrinnsvis fra ca. 0.05 til 1.0 per 100 deler monomer. The present method can be carried out as a suspension polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate in a non-polar medium such as a silicone oil or a mineral oil. The monomer containing a catalyst is dispensed into the non-polar medium in the form of small droplets, which then polymerize into finely divided spheres or grains. Such spheres or grains can then be dissolved in polar organic solvents for the production of films, coatings and the like. Said grains and balls can also be used directly for the production of thermoplastic, shaped articles by injection molding, extrusion, calendering and the like. The suspension polymerization is preferably carried out in an oil bath whose temperature varies from 50° to 150°C, until grain or pearl formation is complete. The ratio of suspension oil to monomer is preferably from approx. 5:1 to approx. 20:1. The amount of catalyst preferably varies from approx. 0.05 to 1.0 per 100 parts monomer.
Den fremstilte hydrofile polymer som polymeriseres i en vannfri tilstand, kan formes slik at de kleber seg til metall, glass, gummi, plast eller andre overflater. De kan også støpes til faste legemer, som så kan formes og slipes til kontaktlinser, noe som hittil ikke har vært mulig med hydrofile polymere, som har vært polymerisert i vandige løsninger. The hydrophilic polymer produced, which is polymerized in an anhydrous state, can be shaped to adhere to metal, glass, rubber, plastic or other surfaces. They can also be molded into solid bodies, which can then be shaped and ground into contact lenses, which has not been possible until now with hydrophilic polymers, which have been polymerized in aqueous solutions.
Utgangsmaterialer som kan anvendes i foreliggende fremgangsmåte, er hydroksyalkylestere av en alfa-beta-umettet karboksylsyre som for eksempel 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat, hydroksypropyl-metakrylat og lignende. Disse blandes i et vannfritt system med passende mengder av en fri-radikal katalysator som tertiært butylperoktoat, isopropylperkarbonat, benzoylperoksyd og lignende, samt en egnet tverrbindende monomer som etylenglykol-dimetakrylat, 1,3-butylenglykol-dimetakrylat, 1,4-butylenglykol-dimetakrylat eller andre polyfunksjonelle monomere estere. Starting materials that can be used in the present method are hydroxyalkyl esters of an alpha-beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid such as, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate and the like. These are mixed in an anhydrous system with appropriate amounts of a free-radical catalyst such as tertiary butyl peroctoate, isopropyl percarbonate, benzoyl peroxide and the like, as well as a suitable cross-linking monomer such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate or other polyfunctional monomeric esters.
Tilfredsstillende konsentrasjoner av den frie radikal-katalysator er i området fra 0.05 til 1 g katalysator per 100 g polymeriserbar hydroksyalkylester, og den foretrukne mengde ligger mellom 0.1 og' 0.2 g per 100 g utgangsmateriale. Satisfactory concentrations of the free radical catalyst are in the range from 0.05 to 1 g of catalyst per 100 g of polymerizable hydroxyalkyl ester, and the preferred amount is between 0.1 and 0.2 g per 100 g of starting material.
De mekaniske egenskaper til den fremstilte støpevæske samt dens evne til å holde på vann som en homogen bestanddel, påvirkes meget sterkt av den tilstedeværende mengde av den polyfunksjonelle tverrbindende forbindelse. Det er funnet hensiktsmessig å anvende konsentrasjoner fra 0.05 til 15 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat, og det foretrukne område er fra 0.1 til 0.2 g tverrbindende forbindelse per 100 g polymériserbar hydroksyalkylester. The mechanical properties of the produced casting fluid as well as its ability to retain water as a homogeneous component are very strongly influenced by the amount of the polyfunctional cross-linking compound present. It has been found appropriate to use concentrations from 0.05 to 15 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and the preferred range is from 0.1 to 0.2 g of cross-linking compound per 100 g of polymerizable hydroxyalkyl ester.
Polymerisasjon av de ovennevnte reaktanter kan akselereres ved å anvende varme, eller man kan velge katalysatoren og mengden av denne slik at man kan utelate anvendelsen av varme og likevel få en rask polymerisasjon ved romtemperatur. I de tilfeller hvor man anvender varme for herding, vil temperaturer i området fra ca. 20°C til ca. 150°C være tilfredsstillende, mens det foretrukne område er fra ca. 40 til ca. 70°C. Polymerization of the above-mentioned reactants can be accelerated by applying heat, or one can choose the catalyst and the amount thereof so that one can omit the use of heat and still obtain rapid polymerization at room temperature. In cases where heat is used for curing, temperatures in the area from approx. 20°C to approx. 150°C will be satisfactory, while the preferred range is from approx. 40 to approx. 70°C.
Egenskapene til støpevæsken som fremstilles kan modifiseres ved tilsetning av forbindelser valgt fra gruppen bestående av harpikser, harpiksestere, fenoksyharpikser,. silikonharpikser, lavemole-kylære polyisobutylener, syntetiske polymere og prolaminer. De nye sammensetninger er spesielt godt egnet for fremstilling av poly-blandinger, hvorved det frembringes nye.egenskaper eller hvor man for-bedrer de allerede eksisterende egenskaper i den anvendte hydrofile polymer. The properties of the casting fluid produced can be modified by the addition of compounds selected from the group consisting of resins, resin esters, phenoxy resins,. silicone resins, low molecular weight polyisobutylenes, synthetic polymers and prolamins. The new compositions are particularly well suited for the production of poly-mixtures, whereby new properties are produced or where the already existing properties of the hydrophilic polymer used are improved.
Blandingen oppvarmes eller herdes på annen måte i fravær av forenlige flyktige eller ikke-flyktige organiske løsningsmidler, for å fremstille termoherdende polymere materialer med langt bedre egenskaper enn det man finner hos hovedbestanddelene i sammensetningen. The mixture is heated or otherwise cured in the absence of compatible volatile or non-volatile organic solvents to produce thermosetting polymeric materials with far superior properties to those found in the main components of the composition.
De forbedrede egenskaper i disse nye sammensetninger innbefatter, men er ikke begrenset til disse, forbedret hardhet, klebeevne, slipemot- stand, elastisitet og seighet. Det polyraeriserte materiale gir produkter med forbedrede bearbeidelseskarakteristika, og de anvendes som et støpepulver eller blandes med andre støpeblandinger. Andre mindre egenskapsforbedringer kan oppnås ved å bruke mindre mengder av andre tverrbindende glykol-dimetakrylater. The improved properties of these new compositions include, but are not limited to, improved hardness, adhesiveness, abrasion resistance, elasticity and toughness. The polymerized material gives products with improved processing characteristics, and they are used as a casting powder or mixed with other casting mixtures. Other minor property improvements can be achieved by using smaller amounts of other cross-linking glycol dimethacrylates.
Den fremstilte støpevæske kan brukes for å fremstille termoherdende overflatebelegg med forbedret tilklebning til forskjellige substrater eller for å fremstille termoherdende harpikser som kan brukes i plater og filmer med forbedret klarhet og seighet. The produced casting fluid can be used to produce thermosetting surface coatings with improved adhesion to various substrates or to produce thermosetting resins that can be used in plates and films with improved clarity and toughness.
Vanligvis blandes 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat og den tverrbindende monomer etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i mengder varierende fra 10 til 50 vektprosent (foretrukket område ca. 50 %) med 90 - 50 vektprosent av en kommersielt tilgjengelig harpiks av kumaron-inden-typen eller de tilsvarende fenolmodifiserte harpikser i nærvær av en fri-radikal katalysator som tertiært butylperoktoat, isopropylperkarbonat, etc, og blandingen oppvarmes til temperaturer varierende fra 40° til 200°C i ca. 30 minutter. Organiske eller uorganiske løsningsmidler brukes for å øke komponentenes forenlighet. Ved denne polymerisasjon dannes det forenlige polymere med forbedrede egenskaper med hensyn til elastisitetsmodul, hardhet, varmeledningsevne, bruddstyrke, etc De forannevnte, foretrukne mengdeområder brukes også ved anvendelse Typically, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and the cross-linking monomer ethylene glycol dimethacrylate are mixed in amounts varying from 10 to 50 percent by weight (preferred range about 50%) with 90 - 50 percent by weight of a commercially available resin of the coumarone-indene type or the corresponding phenol-modified ones resins in the presence of a free-radical catalyst such as tertiary butyl peroctoate, isopropyl percarbonate, etc, and the mixture is heated to temperatures varying from 40° to 200°C for approx. 30 minutes. Organic or inorganic solvents are used to increase the compatibility of the components. By this polymerization, compatible polymers are formed with improved properties with regard to modulus of elasticity, hardness, thermal conductivity, breaking strength, etc. The above-mentioned, preferred amount ranges are also used in application
av fenoksyharpiksen og silikonharpiks-additiv-komponentene.of the phenoxy resin and silicone resin additive components.
De resulterende polymere kan fremstilles i form av filmer eller staver som så egner seg for oppmaling til fint pulver. Ved å blande reaktantene med skumdannende midler som f.eks. natriumbikarbonat, før herdingen, kan man få fremstilt polymeren i form av et skum, som så lett nedbrytes til et fint pulver, ved hjelp av sliping eller lignende. De polymere pulvere fremstilles fortrinnsvis fra skum av denne type. Man har funnet det tilstrekkelig å anvende mengder varierende fra 1 til 10 g skumningsdannende middel per 100 g reaktanter. The resulting polymers can be produced in the form of films or rods which are then suitable for grinding into a fine powder. By mixing the reactants with foaming agents such as e.g. sodium bicarbonate, before curing, the polymer can be produced in the form of a foam, which is then easily broken down into a fine powder, by means of grinding or the like. The polymeric powders are preferably produced from foams of this type. It has been found sufficient to use amounts varying from 1 to 10 g of foaming agent per 100 g of reactants.
Polymerisasjonen av støpeløsningene kan akselereres ved å anvende varme, eller ved å velge katalysator og mengde av denne, slik at anvendelsen av varme kan utelates, samtidig som man får en rask polymerisasjon ved romtemperatur. I de tilfeller hvor man anvender varme for herding, har man funnet det hensiktsmessig å anvende temperaturer fra 20° til 150°C, mens det foretrukne område er fra ca. The polymerization of the casting solutions can be accelerated by applying heat, or by selecting the catalyst and its quantity, so that the use of heat can be omitted, while at the same time rapid polymerization at room temperature is obtained. In cases where heat is used for curing, it has been found appropriate to use temperatures from 20° to 150°C, while the preferred range is from approx.
40° til ca. 80°C. Reaksjonen utføres fortrinnsvis i en inert eller40° to approx. 80°C. The reaction is preferably carried out in an inert or
en anaerob atmosfære ved å anvende karbondioksyd eller nitrogen. Det er velkjent at et nærvær av oksygen hindrer polymerisasjonsreaksjonen, hvorved man trenger lengre reaksjonstid eller må anvende høyere polymerisasjonstemperatur. an anaerobic atmosphere using carbon dioxide or nitrogen. It is well known that the presence of oxygen prevents the polymerization reaction, whereby a longer reaction time is needed or a higher polymerization temperature must be used.
Oppfinnelsen illustreres ved hjelp av nedenstående eksempler. The invention is illustrated using the examples below.
Eksempel 1Example 1
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat røres med en tverrbindendemonomer, etylenglykol-dimetakrylat, i en konsentrasjon på 0.15 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Blandingen tilsettes 90 vektprosent av en styren-kopolymerharpiks ("Piccoflex"), samt 0.15 g av en fri-radikal, vinyl-polymerisasjonskatalysator, isopropylperkarbonat, i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Løsningen ble støpt i en form til et formet diafragma, som så ble herdet i 30 minutter ved 200°C og deretter fjernet fra støpeformen. Diafragmaet ble så be-arbeidet og overflatebehandlet til en ferdig artikkel. Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is stirred with a cross-linking demonomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, in a concentration of 0.15 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To the mixture is added 90 percent by weight of a styrene copolymer resin ("Piccoflex"), as well as 0.15 g of a free-radical, vinyl polymerization catalyst, isopropyl percarbonate, in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The solution was cast in a mold into a shaped diaphragm, which was then cured for 30 minutes at 200°C and then removed from the mold. The diaphragm was then be-worked and surface-treated into a finished article.
Eksempel 2Example 2
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt sammen med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat, i en konsentrasjon på 0.1 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Denne blanding ble så tilsatt 50 vektprosent av enkumaron-inden-harpiks ("Cumar"), samt 0.15 g isopropyl-perkarbonat i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Løsningen ble støpt på en stålplate til en film som så ble herdet i 30 minutter ved 40°C, hvorved det dannet seg en termoherdende film med høy glans, god klebeevne, sterk slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred together with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, in a concentration of 0.1 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To this mixture was then added 50% by weight of encoumarone-inden resin ("Cumar"), as well as 0.15 g of isopropyl percarbonate in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The solution was cast on a steel plate into a film which was then cured for 30 minutes at 40°C, whereby a thermosetting film with high gloss, good adhesiveness, strong wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength was formed.
Eksempel 3Example 3
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt sammen med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 0.1 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Blandingen ble tilsatt 75 vektprosent polyvinyl-acetat-harpiks ("Polyco"), samt 0.15 g benzoylperoksyd som ble tilsatt i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Blandingen ble støpt på en stålplate til en film som så ble herdet i 30 minutter ved 100°C, hvorved man fikk en termoherdende film,karakterisert vedhøy glans, god klebeevne, sterk slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred together with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 0.1 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To the mixture was added 75% by weight of polyvinyl acetate resin ("Polyco"), as well as 0.15 g of benzoyl peroxide which was added in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The mixture was cast on a steel plate into a film which was then cured for 30 minutes at 100°C, whereby a thermosetting film was obtained, characterized by high gloss, good adhesiveness, strong wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength.
Eksempel 4Example 4
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt sammen med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat, i en konsentrasjon på 0.05 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Denne blanding ble tilsatt 50 vektprosent av en terpenharpiks ("Piccolyte"), samt 0.05 g isopropylperkarbonat som ble tilsatt i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Løsningen ble støpt på en stålplate til en film som så ble herdet i30 minutter til i(0<o>C, hvorved man fikk en termoherdende film,karakterisert vedhøy glans,, høy klebeevne, sterk slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred together with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, in a concentration of 0.05 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To this mixture was added 50% by weight of a terpene resin ("Piccolyte"), as well as 0.05 g of isopropyl percarbonate which was added in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The solution was cast on a steel plate into a film which was then cured for 30 minutes at 0<o>C, whereby a thermosetting film was obtained, characterized by high gloss, high adhesiveness, strong wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength.
Eksempel 5Example 5
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 0.3 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Blandingen ble tilsatt 50 vektprosent av en fenolisk harpiks ("Durez"), samt 0.3 g isopropyl-perkarbonat som ble tilsatt i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Løsningen ble støpt på Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 0.3 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To the mixture was added 50% by weight of a phenolic resin ("Durez"), as well as 0.3 g of isopropyl percarbonate which was added in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The solution was cast on
en stålplate til en film, som så ble herdet i 30 minutter til 40°C, hvorved man fikk en termoherdende film,karakterisert vedhøy glans, god klebeevne, sterk slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. a steel plate into a film, which was then cured for 30 minutes at 40°C, whereby a thermosetting film was obtained, characterized by high gloss, good adhesiveness, strong wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength.
Eksempel 6Example 6
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 1.0 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Blandingen ble tilsatt 50 vektprosent av en pentaerytri-tolester av en avledet harpiks ("Pentylin A"), samt 0.2 g isopropyl-perkarbonat som ble tilsatt i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Løsningen ble støpt på en stålplate til en termoherdende film, som så ble herdet i 30 minutter ved 40°C, og filmen varkarakterisert vedhøy glans, god klebeevne, stor slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 1.0 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To the mixture was added 50% by weight of a pentaerythritol ester of a derived resin ("Pentylin A"), as well as 0.2 g of isopropyl percarbonate which was added in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The solution was cast on a steel plate into a thermosetting film, which was then cured for 30 minutes at 40°C, and the film was characterized by high gloss, good adhesiveness, high wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength.
Eksempel 7Example 7
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 0.1 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Blandingen ble tilsatt 50 vektprosent av en glykolester av en harpiks ("Poly-pale Ester") samt 0.15 g isopropyl-perkarbonat som ble tilsatt i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Løsningen ble støpt på en stålplate til en film, som så ble herdet i 30 minutter ved 40°C, hvorved man fikk en termoherdende film,karakterisertved høy glans, god klebeevne, sterk slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 0.1 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To the mixture was added 50% by weight of a glycol ester of a resin ("Poly-pale Ester") as well as 0.15 g of isopropyl percarbonate which was added in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The solution was cast on a steel plate into a film, which was then cured for 30 minutes at 40°C, whereby a thermosetting film was obtained, characterized by high gloss, good adhesiveness, strong wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength.
Eksempel 8aExample 8a
Renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt sammen med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 0.1 g per 100 g 2-hydroksy-et.yl-metakrylat. Blandingen ble tilsatt 50 vektprosent av en fen-oksyharpiks,karakterisertsom en høymolekylær polyhydroksyeterharpiks fremstilt fra bisfenol A og epiklorhydrinharpiks ("Phenoxy 8500"), samt 0.15 g isopropyl-perkarbonat som ble tilsatt i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Løsningen ble støpt på en stålplate til en film, som så ble herdet i 30 minutter ved 40°C, hvorved man fikk en termoherdende film,karakterisert vedhøy glans, god klebeevne, sterk slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. Purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred together with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 0.1 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. To the mixture was added 50% by weight of a phenoxy resin, characterized as a high molecular weight polyhydroxy ether resin produced from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin resin ("Phenoxy 8500"), as well as 0.15 g of isopropyl percarbonate which was added in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. The solution was cast on a steel plate into a film, which was then cured for 30 minutes at 40°C, whereby a thermosetting film was obtained, characterized by high gloss, good adhesiveness, strong wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength.
Eksempel 8bExample 8b
Den forannevnte fremgangsmåte for eksempel 8a ble gjentatt med et alkoholløselig protein fremstilt fra mais bestående av globu-lært prolamin med en molekylvekt i området fra 40 000 - 50 000 ("Zein") istedenfor polyisobutylenet i eksempel 8a, og man fikk en termoherdende film,karakterisert vedhøy glans, god klebeevne, sterk slitemotstand, høy hardhet og høy bruddstyrke. The aforementioned procedure for example 8a was repeated with an alcohol-soluble protein produced from corn consisting of globular prolamin with a molecular weight in the range of 40,000 - 50,000 ("Zein") instead of the polyisobutylene in example 8a, and a thermosetting film was obtained, characterized by high gloss, good adhesiveness, strong wear resistance, high hardness and high breaking strength.
Eksempel 9 aExample 9 a
2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (100 deler) og t-butyl-peroktoat (0.05 deler) ble blandet ved 25°C i en inert atmosfære. Blandingen ble tilsatt "Nylon-6" (100 deler) i trifluoretanol (85 deler), hvorved man fikk en klar løsning. Denné løsning ble oppvarmet til 65°C til 70°C, hvorved man fikk en prepolymer, Prepolymerløsningen ble avkjølt til 25°C og t-butylperoktoat (0.10 deler) og etylenglykol-dimetakrylat (0.2 deler) ble tilsatt. Den viskøse sirup ble presset gjennom en ekstruder, hvis åpningsdiameter var 0.01 mm. Fra utdriver-åpningen ble fiberen øyeblikkelig ført ned i et oppvarmet vannbad og holdt på en polymerisasjonstemperatur på 80°C. Etter 30 minutter ble den faste fiber fjernet fra vann og lufttørket og orientert ved 100°C. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 parts) and t-butyl peroctoate (0.05 parts) were mixed at 25°C in an inert atmosphere. To the mixture was added "Nylon-6" (100 parts) in trifluoroethanol (85 parts), whereby a clear solution was obtained. This solution was heated to 65°C to 70°C, whereby a prepolymer was obtained. The prepolymer solution was cooled to 25°C and t-butyl peroctoate (0.10 parts) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (0.2 parts) were added. The viscous syrup was pressed through an extruder, the opening diameter of which was 0.01 mm. From the ejector opening, the fiber was immediately lowered into a heated water bath and maintained at a polymerization temperature of 80°C. After 30 minutes, the solid fiber was removed from water and air dried and oriented at 100°C.
Stoffet som fremstilles fra fiber av ovennevnte type, fører seg usedvanlig glatt og føles meget myke ved berøring. The fabric, which is made from fibers of the above type, behaves exceptionally smoothly and feels very soft to the touch.
Eksempel 9bExample 9b
Fremgangsmåten fra eksempel 9a ble gjentatt med den modifi-kasjon at man anvendte isomerisk hydroksypropyl-metakrylat istedenfor hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. The procedure from example 9a was repeated with the modification that isomeric hydroxypropyl methacrylate was used instead of hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Eksempel 9cExample 9c
Fremgangsmåten fra eksempel 9a ble gjentatt med den modifi-kasjon at man anvendte 2-kumen-hydroksy-peroksyd som den frie radikal vinyl-polymerisasjonskatalysator. The procedure from example 9a was repeated with the modification that 2-cumene-hydroxy-peroxide was used as the free radical vinyl polymerization catalyst.
Eksempel 10aExample 10a
2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (50 del§r) og 1x0^(30 deler) ble malt i en kulemølle til et fint pulver ("Hegeman 7-8"). Ytterligere 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (50 parts) and 1x0^ (30 parts) were ground in a ball mill to a fine powder ("Hegeman 7-8"). Additional
2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (50 deler) ble tilsatt sammen med etylenglykol-dimetakrylat (0.2 deler), foruten koboltnaftenat med et vanlig* metallisk malingstørkemiddel eller katalysator (0.1 deler) og t-butyl-peroktoat (0.4 deler). Den resulterende viskøse sirup ble malt på et båtskrog av tre og herdet ved 20° til 35°C. Det resulterende belegg erkarakterisert vedsin evne til å hindre skjell og algevekst samt korrosjon ved forlenget eksponering overfor sjøvann. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (50 parts) was added along with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (0.2 parts), in addition to cobalt naphthenate with a common* metallic paint drier or catalyst (0.1 parts) and t-butyl peroctoate (0.4 parts). The resulting viscous syrup was painted onto a wooden boat hull and cured at 20° to 35°C. The resulting coating is characterized by its ability to prevent scales and algae growth as well as corrosion during prolonged exposure to seawater.
Eksempel 10bExample 10b
Fremgangsmåten for eksempel 10a ble gjentatt med den modifi-kasjon at man anvendte en isomerblanding av hydroksyisopropyl-metakrylat-isomere istedenfor hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. The procedure for example 10a was repeated with the modification that an isomer mixture of hydroxyisopropyl methacrylate isomers was used instead of hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Eksempel liaExample lia
En løsning bestående av 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (100 deler), etylenglykol-dimetakrylat (0.2 deler), og t-butyl-peroktoat (0.4 deler) ble støpt på en plate av neoprengummi og deretter holdt på 70°C i 1 time. Den resulterende belagte plate lot seg lett bearbeide til en badehette med de forannevnte egenskaper. A solution consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 parts), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (0.2 parts), and t-butyl peroctoate (0.4 parts) was cast onto a plate of neoprene rubber and then held at 70°C for 1 hour. The resulting coated plate was easily processed into a shower cap with the aforementioned properties.
Eksempel 11bExample 11b
En løsning bestående av 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (100 deler), etylenglykol-dimetakrylat (0.2 deler), samt t-butyl-peroktoat (0.4 deler) ble støpt på en plate av neoprengummi, som så igjen ble dekket av et annet gummilag, for å utelukke luft, hvoretter det hele ble holdt på 80°C i 1 time. Etter dette var begge gummiflater meget sterkt bundet til hverandre ved hjelp av det intermediære polymeriske lag. A solution consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 parts), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (0.2 parts) and t-butyl peroctoate (0.4 parts) was cast on a plate of neoprene rubber, which was then again covered by another rubber layer, to exclude air, after which the whole was kept at 80°C for 1 hour. After this, both rubber surfaces were very strongly bonded to each other by means of the intermediate polymeric layer.
Eksempel 12aExample 12a
2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat■(100 deler) ble rørt sammen med 0.05 deler t-butyl-peroktoat i en nitrogenatmosfære ved en temperatur på 40°C i 30 minutter. Den resulterende blanding ble avkjølt til 25°C, hvoretter t-butyl-peroktoat ble tilsatt i så store mengder at den totale mengde av t-butyl-peroktoat i systemet utgjorde 0.15 deler. Etylenglykol-dimetakrylat (0.1 deler) ble tilsatt samtidig. Den ferdige støpeløsning ble heilt over i former for fremstilling av en intrauterisk anordning.av den type som er vist i US patent nr. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 parts) was stirred together with 0.05 parts of t-butyl peroctoate in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 40°C for 30 minutes. The resulting mixture was cooled to 25°C, after which t-butyl peroctoate was added in such large quantities that the total amount of t-butyl peroctoate in the system amounted to 0.15 parts. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (0.1 part) was added simultaneously. The finished casting solution was poured into molds for the production of an intrauterine device of the type shown in US patent no.
3 200 815, og deretter herdet ved 70°C. '3,200,815, and then cured at 70°C. '
Eksempel 12bExample 12b
Fremgangsmåten fra eksempel 12a ble gjentatt, idet man anvendte 0.2 deler 1,3-butylenglykol-dimetakrylatBom den tverrbindende monomer. The procedure from example 12a was repeated, using 0.2 parts of 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking monomer.
Eksempel 13aExample 13a
2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (100 deler) røres sammen med destillert vann (50 deler) og tertiært butyl-peroktoat (0.1 deler), i en anaerob atmosfære ved en temperatur på 40°C i 20 minutter. Den resulterende b.landing avkjøles til 25°C, hvoretter t-butyl-peroktoat (0.05 deler) tilsettes. En tverrbindende monomer som etylenglykol-dimetakrylat (0.2 deler) tilsettes samtidig som katalysatoren. Den resulterende støpeløsning pålegges en polyetylen-intrauterisk an-ordning av den type som er vist i US patent nr. 3 200 815, og herdes ved 70°C i 1 time. Det ferdige produkt har en klebrig overflate, og det senkes derfor ned i vann, for å få oppløst alt det upolymeriserte gjenværende monomer-materiale, hvorved produktet får en glatt overflate. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 parts) is stirred together with distilled water (50 parts) and tertiary butyl peroctoate (0.1 parts), in an anaerobic atmosphere at a temperature of 40°C for 20 minutes. The resulting b.landing is cooled to 25°C, after which t-butyl peroctoate (0.05 parts) is added. A cross-linking monomer such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (0.2 parts) is added at the same time as the catalyst. The resulting casting solution is applied to a polyethylene intrauterine device of the type shown in US patent no. 3,200,815, and cured at 70°C for 1 hour. The finished product has a sticky surface, and it is therefore immersed in water to dissolve all the unpolymerized remaining monomer material, whereby the product has a smooth surface.
Eksempel 13bExample 13b
Fremgangsmåten fra eksempel 13a ble gjentatt, uten tilsetning av vann, og dette resulterte i en støpeløsning som etter herd-, ing ga en .i alt vesentlig fullstendig polymerisert polymer (99.5 %), og det ferdige produkt hadde en glatt og ikke-klebrig overflate. The procedure from Example 13a was repeated, without the addition of water, and this resulted in a casting solution which, after curing, gave an essentially completely polymerized polymer (99.5 %), and the finished product had a smooth and non-sticky surface .
Eksempel 13cExample 13c
Fremgangsmåten fra eksempel 13b ble gjentatt, idet man anvendte en blandet katalysator bestående av 0.05 deler t-butyl-peroktoat og 0.1 deler isopropyl-perkarbonat. Katalysator-konsentra-sjonen ble bragt opp på det teoretiske nivå ved tilsetning av isopropyl-perkarbonat . The procedure from example 13b was repeated, using a mixed catalyst consisting of 0.05 parts of t-butyl peroctoate and 0.1 parts of isopropyl percarbonate. The catalyst concentration was brought up to the theoretical level by adding isopropyl percarbonate.
Eksempel 13dExample 13d
Fremgangsmåten fra eksempel 13b ble gjentatt med den modi-fikasjon at man iblandet polymersystemet BaSO^(50 deler) før støp-ing og endelig herding. The procedure from example 13b was repeated with the modification that the polymer system BaSO^ (50 parts) was mixed before casting and final curing.
Eksempel l4aExample 14a
Destillert 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (100 g) ble blandet med 0.1 g tertiært butyl-peroktoat i en anaerob atmosfære ved 25° - 70°C i 15 - 40 minutter. Den resulterende blanding ble avkjølt til 25°C, hvoretter tertiært butyl-peroktoat ble tilsatt, slik at den totale konsentrasjon av dette stoff i systemet ble 0.2 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat. Etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 0.2 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble tilsatt samtidig som katalysatorkonsentrasjonen ble bragt opp på det teoretiske nivå. Mikro-silisiumdioksyd med en partikkelstørrelse varierende fra 0.15 •til 0.02 mikron ("Cab-O-Sil") ble så tilsatt støpevæsken for å få en prepolymerblanding med de ønskede reologiske egenskaper for videre bruk som basismateriale i gebiss. Distilled 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 g) was mixed with 0.1 g of tertiary butyl peroctoate in an anaerobic atmosphere at 25°-70°C for 15-40 minutes. The resulting mixture was cooled to 25°C, after which tertiary butyl peroctoate was added, so that the total concentration of this substance in the system was 0.2 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 0.2 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was added at the same time as the catalyst concentration was brought up to the theoretical level. Micro-silica with a particle size varying from 0.15 to 0.02 microns ("Cab-O-Sil") was then added to the casting liquid to obtain a prepolymer mixture with the desired rheological properties for further use as a base material in dentures.
Støpevæsken kan også sprøytes på et standard gebiss-materiale av akrylisk polymere, og kan etter impregnering polymeriseres sammen med dette i et enkelt polymerisasjonstrinn i en standard støpebe-holder ved standard-betingelser med hensyn til tid, temperatur og trykk.- I det tilfelle at man har et allerede eksisterende polymerisert gebiss-materiale, så kan støpevæsken sprøytes ut over dette, og etter impregnering polymeriseres under standard støpebetingelser, slik disse er angitt i US patent nr. 2 645 012.. Man kan på ovennevnte måte fremstille støpevæsker for in situ polymerisasjon for fremstilling av forskjellige artikler med spesifikke ønskede egenskaper som høy mekanisk styrke, reversible væske-absorbsjonsegenskaper, even til å gjenfinne formen i flytende media samt etter deformasjon. The casting fluid can also be sprayed onto a standard denture material made of acrylic polymer, and after impregnation can be polymerized together with this in a single polymerization step in a standard casting container under standard conditions with regard to time, temperature and pressure. - In the event that if you have an already existing polymerized denture material, then the casting liquid can be sprayed over this, and after impregnation polymerized under standard casting conditions, as these are stated in US patent no. 2 645 012. Casting fluids for in situ can be produced in the above-mentioned manner polymerization for the production of various articles with specific desired properties such as high mechanical strength, reversible liquid absorption properties, even to recover the shape in liquid media as well as after deformation.
Eksempel 14bExample 14b
Man anvendte samme fremgangsmåte som i eksempel l4a, medThe same procedure as in example 14a was used, with
det unntak at man istedenfor 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat-monomeren anvendte hydroksypropyl-metakrylat. with the exception that hydroxypropyl methacrylate was used instead of the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer.
Eksempel 14cExample 14c
Man anvendte samme fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 14a, idet man anvendte isopropyl-perkarbonat som katalysator og anvendte 1,3-butylenglykol-dimetakrylat som den tverrbindende monomer. The same method as in example 14a was used, using isopropyl percarbonate as catalyst and 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking monomer.
Eksempel 15aExample 15a
2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (100 g) blandes med tertiært butyl-peroktoat i en mengde på 0.15 g per 100 g metakrylat. Etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 0.20 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat tilsettes sammen med 1 g skumningsmiddel, i dette tilfelle natriumbikarbonat. Blandingen oppvarmes til 70°C, og det resulterende faste, knusbare polymere skum blir malt til fint pulver på ca. 80 mesh. Det ferdige pulver ble blandet med en løsning av naturlig anis, og det hele ble blandet i en mekanisk røreanordning i ca. 8 timer. På denne måte vil det polymere pulver absorbere smaksløsningen. Løsningen blir så filtrert og residuet tørket ved romtemperatur. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 g) is mixed with tertiary butyl peroctoate in an amount of 0.15 g per 100 g of methacrylate. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 0.20 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is added together with 1 g of foaming agent, in this case sodium bicarbonate. The mixture is heated to 70°C, and the resulting solid, crushable polymeric foam is ground into a fine powder of approx. 80 mesh. The finished powder was mixed with a solution of natural anise, and the whole thing was mixed in a mechanical stirring device for approx. 8 hours. In this way, the polymeric powder will absorb the flavoring solution. The solution is then filtered and the residue dried at room temperature.
Eksempel 16Example 16
2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat (100 g) blandes med tertiært butyl-peroktoat (0.20 g). Etylenglykol-dimetakrylat (0.20 g) ble tilsatt sammen med 4 g skumningsmiddel, natriumbikarbonat. Blandingen opp- 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (100 g) is mixed with tertiary butyl peroctoate (0.20 g). Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (0.20 g) was added along with 4 g of foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate. The mixture up-
varmes til 70°C, og det resulterende faste, knusbare polymere skum males til fint pulver på ca. 80 mesh. Det dannede polymere pulver blandes med en tilstrekkelig mengde av et fenoksymetylpenicillin-antibiotikum oppløst i etylalkohol, for å få en gradvis frigjøring is heated to 70°C, and the resulting solid, breakable polymeric foam is ground into a fine powder of approx. 80 mesh. The resulting polymeric powder is mixed with a sufficient amount of a phenoxymethylpenicillin antibiotic dissolved in ethyl alcohol to obtain a gradual release
av 1.200.000 enheter per gram, og den resulterende blanding ble pla-sert i en mekanisk blander inntil det polymere pulver hadde absorbert den ønskede konsentrasjon av antibiotikumet. Løsningen blir så filtrert og residuet tørket i vakuum. of 1,200,000 units per gram, and the resulting mixture was placed in a mechanical mixer until the polymeric powder had absorbed the desired concentration of the antibiotic. The solution is then filtered and the residue dried in a vacuum.
Eksempel 17Example 17
Egnet, renset 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble rørt sammen med 0.15 g isopropyl-perkarbonat i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. Etylenglykol-dimetakrylat i en konsentrasjon på 0.1 g per 100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat ble så tilsatt. Før støping tilsatte man så heparin, som er et anti-koagulerende middel. Løsningen ble så støpt på et rør av et forsterkende dakronmateriale med kjent kartykk-elsé og diameter og med ferdige sømmer, slik at det lettere kunne festes til det kar som skal repareres. Det forsterkende materiale blir fullstendig innesluttet i støpeløsningen. Suitable, purified 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was stirred together with 0.15 g of isopropyl percarbonate in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in a concentration of 0.1 g per 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was then added. Before casting, heparin was then added, which is an anti-coagulant. The solution was then cast onto a tube of a reinforcing dacron material with a known tub thickness and diameter and with finished seams, so that it could be more easily attached to the tub to be repaired. The reinforcing material is completely enclosed in the casting solution.
En innsetning av-en passende stor spindel i formen vil så gi et gunstig kar med den forønskede veggtykkelse. Den formede artikkel blir så herdet i 30 minutter ved 40°C, fjernet fra formen, vasket med vann og så lagret i en passende vandig løsning. An insertion of a suitably large spindle in the mold will then provide a favorable vessel with the desired wall thickness. The shaped article is then cured for 30 minutes at 40°C, removed from the mold, washed with water and then stored in a suitable aqueous solution.
Eksempel 18aExample 18a
100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat blandes med 0.15 g tertiært butyl-peroktoat. 0.2 g etylenglykol-dimetakrylat tilsettes sammen med 1 g natriumbikarbonat. Blandingen oppvarmes til 70°C, og den resulterende polymer brytes ned til pelletstørrelse ved maling og riving. Nevnte pellet blandes i en 50 - 50 blanding av glycerin og vann i 8 timer, for å gi en ikke-vandrende fuktende virkning, hvoretter de tørkes. De resulterende pellet brukes som et filter for tobakksrøk i en sigarett. 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is mixed with 0.15 g of tertiary butyl peroctoate. 0.2 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is added together with 1 g of sodium bicarbonate. The mixture is heated to 70°C, and the resulting polymer is broken down to pellet size by grinding and shredding. Said pellet is mixed in a 50-50 mixture of glycerin and water for 8 hours, to provide a non-migratory wetting effect, after which they are dried. The resulting pellet is used as a filter for tobacco smoke in a cigarette.
Eksempel l8bExample 18b
Man anvendte samme fremgangsmåte som i forannevnte eksempel, med det unntak at glycerin-vann-blandingen ble tilsatt tobakksaroma, for at den filtrerte røk skulle få denne aroma som en erstatning for de tjærer og andre forbrenningsprodukter som ble filtrert i filteret og som normalt gir tobakksaroma ved inhalering. The same procedure as in the aforementioned example was used, with the exception that tobacco aroma was added to the glycerin-water mixture, so that the filtered smoke would have this aroma as a replacement for the tars and other combustion products that were filtered in the filter and which normally give a tobacco aroma by inhalation.
I en annen utførelse anvendte man en alkoholisk løsning av mentol som et aromatiseringsmiddel, sammen med nevnte tobakksaroma. Den alkoholiske løsning kan anvendes slik at den varierer i mengder varierende fra 1 til 90 vektprosent av den hydrofile polymer, skjønt 10 % er foretrukket, spesielt hvis glycerin brukes som fuktemiddel. Eksempel 18c In another embodiment, an alcoholic solution of menthol was used as an aromatizing agent, together with said tobacco aroma. The alcoholic solution can be used so that it varies in amounts varying from 1 to 90% by weight of the hydrophilic polymer, although 10% is preferred, especially if glycerin is used as a wetting agent. Example 18c
100 deler 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat røres sammen med 0.05 deler tertiært butyl-peroktoat i en nitrogen-atmosfære ved en temperatur på 30°C i 30 minutter. Den resulterende blanding avkjøles til 25°C hvoretter ytterligere peroktoat blir tilsatt, slik at den totale mengde blir 0.15 deler. Samtidig ble 0.1 deler etylenglykol-dimetakrylat tilsatt. Den ferdige støpeløsning helles utover en plate i form av en film og herdes ved 70°C i 30 minutter, hvorved man får et kromatografisk filterelement som er i stand til å absorbere vannløselige fargestoffer og fargekomponenter, som f.eks. vannløse-lige pigmenterte legemer av syntetiske og naturlige fargestoffer og lignende. 100 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate are stirred together with 0.05 parts of tertiary butyl peroctoate in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 30°C for 30 minutes. The resulting mixture is cooled to 25°C after which additional peroctoate is added, so that the total amount becomes 0.15 parts. At the same time, 0.1 parts of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was added. The finished casting solution is poured onto a plate in the form of a film and cured at 70°C for 30 minutes, whereby a chromatographic filter element is obtained which is able to absorb water-soluble dyes and color components, such as e.g. water-soluble pigmented bodies of synthetic and natural dyes and the like.
Eksempel 19Example 19
100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat blandes med 0.20 g tertiært butyl-peroktoat i en inert atmosfære, hvoretter 0.20 g etylenglykol-dimetakrylat tilsettes. Den vannløselige katalysator tilsettes fø blandingen før støpingen som skjer ved 40°C i 30 minutter, hvorved man får et katalytisk sjikt-underlag. Når det tørkede underlag fuktes med vann, enten i form av en vandig løsning eller en fuktig gass-strøm, vil katalysatoren frigjøres. 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is mixed with 0.20 g of tertiary butyl peroctoate in an inert atmosphere, after which 0.20 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is added. The water-soluble catalyst is added to the mixture before casting, which takes place at 40°C for 30 minutes, whereby a catalytic layer substrate is obtained. When the dried substrate is moistened with water, either in the form of an aqueous solution or a moist gas stream, the catalyst will be released.
Eksempel 20aExample 20a
100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat røres med 0.15 g isopropyl-perkarbonat i en anaerob atmosfære ved romtemperatur. 0.1 g etylenglykol-dimetakrylat tilsettes deretter. Før støping tilsetter man som et generelt antiseptikum, en 2% vandig løsning av merbromin. I form av en film støpes den resulterende løsning på et klede av da-kron, hvorved man får en bandasje etter en herding i 30 minutter ved 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is stirred with 0.15 g of isopropyl percarbonate in an anaerobic atmosphere at room temperature. 0.1 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is then added. Before casting, a 2% aqueous solution of merbromine is added as a general antiseptic. In the form of a film, the resulting solution is cast on a cloth of da-kron, whereby a bandage is obtained after curing for 30 minutes at
40°C. Når den tørkede bandasje fuktes ved nedsenkning i vann, eller ved en kontakt med et åpent sår eller med fuktige slimhinner, vil nevnte antiseptikum gradvis frigjøres. 40°C. When the dried bandage is moistened by immersion in water, or by contact with an open wound or with moist mucous membranes, said antiseptic will gradually be released.
Eksempel 21Example 21
100 g 2-hydroksyetyl-metakrylat røres sammen med 0.1 g tertiært butylperoktoat i en inert atmosfære, hvoretter 0,15 g etylenglykol-dimetakrylat tilsettes. Før støpingen som skjer ved 40°C i 30 minutter, tilsettes et næringsmedia i en mengde på opptil 50 vektprosent av polymerløsningen. Den tørkede plate kan lagres og deretter nedsenkes i vann for frigjøring av næringsmedia, som så kan brukes for dyrking av bakteriekulturer. 100 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is stirred together with 0.1 g of tertiary butyl peroctoate in an inert atmosphere, after which 0.15 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is added. Before the casting, which takes place at 40°C for 30 minutes, a nutrient media is added in an amount of up to 50% by weight of the polymer solution. The dried plate can be stored and then immersed in water to release the nutrient media, which can then be used for growing bacterial cultures.
Claims (3)
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NO166871A NO133407C (en) | 1966-07-26 | 1971-05-04 |
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DE1261442B (en) * | 1962-12-24 | 1968-02-15 | Solar Thomson Engineering Comp | Belt conveyor |
US3598127A (en) * | 1968-06-06 | 1971-08-10 | James G Wepsic | Catheter having antibacterial substance therein provided with means permitting slow release of said substance |
US3780003A (en) * | 1968-10-22 | 1973-12-18 | Hydron Ltd | Polymers of alkoxy and hydroxy alkyl acrylates or methacrylates |
DE2364675C2 (en) * | 1972-12-29 | 1983-06-23 | Kuraray Co., Ltd., Kurashiki, Okayama | Copolymer consisting of a polymer main chain and polymer side chains and its use for the manufacture of articles for biomedical purposes |
US4649046A (en) * | 1974-01-09 | 1987-03-10 | Hydro Optics, Inc. | Air freshener |
SE421531B (en) * | 1977-02-01 | 1982-01-04 | Bush Boake Allen Ltd | POLYMER COMPOSITION CONTAINING A REGULATED DELIVERY ACTIVE, FLATFUL COMPONENT, PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE COMPOSITION AND USING THEREOF |
SE8305444L (en) * | 1983-10-04 | 1985-04-05 | Vilhelm Einar Stellan Hjerten | BACTERY REFUSING SURFACE |
GB8724905D0 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1987-11-25 | Amersham Int Plc | Homogeneous polymers |
US5112614A (en) * | 1989-09-14 | 1992-05-12 | Alza Corporation | Implantable delivery dispenser |
DE19526690A1 (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1997-01-23 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Process for the production of a flexible fixation material with catheters or tubes for radiotherapy |
GB2465409A (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-05-26 | Seal Ltd X | Sealant |
CN110028618B (en) * | 2019-02-16 | 2022-10-14 | 保定维特瑞光电能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of acrylic resin |
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ES343445A1 (en) | 1968-12-01 |
CH532118A (en) | 1972-12-31 |
AT306191B (en) | 1973-03-26 |
SE366213B (en) | 1974-04-22 |
SE366214B (en) | 1974-04-22 |
AT306229B (en) | 1973-03-26 |
FR1604129A (en) | 1971-07-12 |
DE1745187A1 (en) | 1972-03-23 |
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