NO125229B

NO125229B -

Info

Publication number: NO125229B
Application number: NO0382/70A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Raimund Jetzer
Original assignee: Raimund Jetzer
Priority date: 1969-02-06
Filing date: 1970-02-03
Publication date: 1972-08-07
Also published as: NL164315C; DE2001583A1; BE745627A; DE2001583C3; GB1247473A; NL7001722A; CH503576A; ES376100A1; NL164315B; SE366247B; DK129026C; JPS4819214B1; DE2001583B2; DK129026B; AT297567B; IL33740A0; FR2032648A5; IL33740A; CA929684A

Description

Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av presslegemer, Process for the production of pressed bodies,

særlig bygningsplater, fra avfall fra hus- especially building boards, from waste from house-

holdninger, landbruk og skogbruk. attitudes, agriculture and forestry.

Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av presslegemer, særlig bygningsplater, fra avfall fra husholdninger, landbruk og skogbruk. The present invention relates to a method for producing pressed bodies, in particular building boards, from waste from households, agriculture and forestry.

Prisene for bygningsmaterialer viser på den ene side en stigende tendens og på den annen side opptrer det i de siviliserte land stadig stigende mengder av soppel, avfall fra landbruk og skogbruk etc, idet soppel og delvis også skogbruksavfallet må tas hånd om av det offentlige. For å oppnå en okonomisk fjerning av soppelmengdene er det tatt i bruk sdppelforbrenningsanlegg og soppelkomposteringsanlegg. På grunn av det hoye askeinnhoid i soppelet kan søppelforbrenningsanlegg ikke arbeide lonnsomt. heller ikke er det til i dag lykkes å drive en kompostering av soppelet som utvikler en for landbruket utnyttbar humus. The prices for building materials show, on the one hand, a rising tendency, and on the other hand, in the civilized countries there are ever-increasing amounts of litter, waste from agriculture and forestry, etc., as litter and partly also the forestry waste must be taken care of by the public. In order to achieve an economic removal of the quantities of waste, waste incineration plants and waste composting plants have been used. Due to the high ash content in the soot, waste incineration plants cannot work profitably. nor has it been successful to this day in composting the sorrel that develops a humus that can be used for agriculture.

Den foreliggende oppfinnelse har til oppgave å overfore soppel The present invention has the task of transferring pus

og avfall av de nevnte typer i kommersielt utnyttbare halv- and waste of the aforementioned types in commercially usable semi-

eller ferdig-produkter, fortrinnsvis anvendbare i byggeindu-strien. or finished products, preferably usable in the construction industry.

Det særegne ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen er The distinctive feature of the method according to the invention is

at avfallet underkastes en aerob forråtnelse og at gjæringsproduktet for dannelse av et finstrukturert, tort fibergranulat avvannes til et vanninnhold på mindre enn 10% og steriliseres, hvoretter fibergranulatet blandes med et plast-bindemiddel og presses under trykk til et presslegeme. that the waste is subjected to aerobic decomposition and that the fermentation product to form a finely structured, dry fiber granule is dewatered to a water content of less than 10% and sterilized, after which the fiber granule is mixed with a plastic binder and pressed under pressure into a pressing body.

Andre trekk ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen frem-går av patentkravene. Other features of the method according to the invention appear from the patent claims.

Som gjæringssubstrat anvendes fortrinnsvis kompostert soppel. Anvendelsen av kompostert soppel har den fordel at produktet Composted sedge is preferably used as a fermentation substrate. The use of composted sorrel has the advantage that the product

fra bestående soppelkomposteringsanlegg, som idag ikke er bruk-bart i landbruket, kan overfores i et teknisk utnyttbart produkt. from existing waste composting facilities, which are currently not usable in agriculture, can be transferred into a technically usable product.

Videre kan det i plastbindemidlet innblandes et farvestoff. Furthermore, a dye can be mixed into the plastic binder.

Ved dette blir det mulig å gi pressl.egemet, særlig pressplaten, en onsket farve alt etter anvendelsesområdet. This makes it possible to give the press body, especially the press plate, a desired color depending on the area of application.

Videre kan gjæringsproduktet tilsettes et flammebeskyttelses-middel, hvorved branner vanskeligere oppstår eller helt kan unn-gås, særlig når presslegemet anvendes i bygningsindustrien for oppforing av boliger. Furthermore, a flame retardant can be added to the fermentation product, whereby fires are more difficult to occur or can be completely avoided, particularly when the pressing body is used in the construction industry for lining homes.

Videre kan råstoffet tilsettes insekticider og/eller fungicider. Tilsetningen av insekticider forhindrer muligheten for at insekt-ene legger egg eller' lignende på presslegemet eller i dettes sprekker eller porer. Tilsetningen av fungicider hindrer at det opptrer råtesopp når presslegemet kommer i beroring med fuktighet. For å påvirke styrken og tettheten av presslegemet kan gjæringsproduktet tilsettes termoplast. Insecticides and/or fungicides can also be added to the raw material. The addition of insecticides prevents the possibility of the insects laying eggs or the like on the pressing body or in its cracks or pores. The addition of fungicides prevents the occurrence of rot fungi when the press body comes into contact with moisture. In order to influence the strength and density of the compact, thermoplastics can be added to the fermentation product.

UTFORELSESEKSEMPEL EXECUTION EXAMPLE

Vanlig husholdningssoppel ble i et soppelkomposteringsanlegg befridd for hårde gjenstander, som stener, flasker, metalldeler o.l. og deretter mekanisk knust, homogenisert og underkastet en aerob forråtnelse for kompostering. Den ferdige kompost hadde fblgende sammensetning: Ordinary household waste was freed from hard objects, such as stones, bottles, metal parts etc., in a waste composting facility. and then mechanically crushed, homogenized and subjected to an aerobic decomposition for composting. The finished compost had the following composition:

Komposten ble torret i en luftstrom og luftstrbmmen hadde ved luftinnlopssiden en temperatur på Lt-00°C og på luftutlopssiden var temperaturen bare 1^-0°C. Under torringen ble komposten oppvarmet til 100°C og torret til et endelig vanninnhold på ca. 5%. Den torre kompost hadde fblgende sammensetning: The compost was dried in an air stream and the air stream had a temperature of Lt-00°C on the air inlet side and on the air outlet side the temperature was only 1^-0°C. During drying, the compost was heated to 100°C and dried to a final water content of approx. 5%. The dry compost had the following composition:

Ved torringen av det komposterte soppel skjedde samtidig en sterilisering slik at det ikke lenger kunne påvises bakterier deri. Det ble dannet et tort nbytralt, fiberaktig og luktefritt produkt. M-60 g av dette torre sluttprodukt ble dannet med 90 g trespon for dannelse av fiberråstoffblanding. Separat ble 120 g formaldehydurinstoffkondensat under kraftig rbring forenet med 30 g herdemiddel til et bindemiddel og deretter ble denne binde-middelblanding under kraftig rbring langsomt blandet med de 550 g fiberråstoff. When the composted sorghum was dried, sterilization took place at the same time so that bacteria could no longer be detected in it. A dry neutral, fibrous and odorless product was formed. M-60 g of this dry end product was formed with 90 g of wood shavings to form a fiber raw material mixture. Separately, 120 g of formaldehyde-urea condensate was combined under vigorous stirring with 30 g of curing agent into a binder and then this binder mixture was slowly mixed with the 550 g of fiber raw material under vigorous stirring.

Etter den jevne fukting .av f iberråstof f blandingen med bindemiddel-blandingen ble den ferdige masse i en hoyde på 7 cm på et under-lag av polytetrafluoretylen fort inn i en til ca. 130 - 1<1>+0°C forhånds oppvarmet platepresse. Deretter ble den lett forhånds-oppvarmede masse i lopet av 12 min. presset sammen med et konstant trykk på 30 kg/cm . Temperaturen under denne prosess skal ikke synke under 130°C. For å sikre polykondensering og en fullstendig herding får den ved pressingen dannede plate avkjoles langsomt. Tykkelsen av platen var etter pressingen 1,5 cm. Den ferdige plate fremviste det samme homogene utseende som en sponplate idet på tilsvarende måte fiberstrukturen var lett synlig. Platen kan etter behov farves ved at formaldehydurinstoffkondensatet tilblandes et farvestoff. After the uniform wetting of the fiber raw material in the mixture with the binder mixture, the finished mass in a height of 7 cm on a substrate of polytetrafluoroethylene was quickly incorporated into a to approx. 130 - 1<1>+0°C preheated plate press. It was then slightly pre-heated mass over the course of 12 min. pressed together with a constant pressure of 30 kg/cm . The temperature during this process must not drop below 130°C. To ensure polycondensation and complete hardening, the sheet formed by pressing must be cooled slowly. The thickness of the plate after pressing was 1.5 cm. The finished board presented the same homogeneous appearance as a chipboard, as the fiber structure was similarly easily visible. If necessary, the plate can be colored by mixing the formaldehyde-urea condensate with a dye.

Claims

1. Process for the production of pressed bodies, in particular building boards, from waste from households, agriculture and forestry, characterized in that the waste is subjected to aerobic decomposition and that the fermentation product to form a finely structured, dry fiber granulate is dewatered to a water content of less than 10% and sterilized , after which the fiber granulate is mixed with a plastic binder and pressed under pressure into a pressing body.

2. Method as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the dewatering and sterilization takes place by heating this to at least 80°C.

3. Method as stated in claim 2, characterized in that the fermentation product is heated to 110°C in a hot air stream. h. Method as stated in claim 1, characterized in that a formaldehyde-urea condensate is used as a plastic binder to which a curing agent has been added, and that the pressing takes place under the simultaneous influence of heat.